CN101645713B - Multi-band high-frequency circuit, multi-band high-frequency circuit part, and multi-band communication device using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a multi-band high-frequency circuit and a multi-band communication device. The multi-band high-frequency circuit has: a switch circuit including a switch element for switching connections between a plurality of multi-band antennas, a transmission-side circuit and a reception-side circuit; and a second a signal separation circuit arranged between the high frequency switch circuit and the transmission side circuit, and separates the high frequency signal according to the frequency band of the communication system; and a second signal separation circuit, which is arranged between the high frequency switch circuit and the reception side circuit, according to The frequency band of the communication system separates high-frequency signals, using a high-pass filter circuit or a band-pass filter circuit as the high-frequency side filter circuit of the second signal separation circuit, and the first to fourth ports of the high-frequency switch circuit, respectively, Connect the control switch element with the first multi-band antenna, the second multi-band antenna, the first signal separation circuit, and the second signal separation circuit, select the multi-band antenna, and switch the selected multi-band antenna with the transmitting side circuit or the receiving side circuit connect.

Description

Multi-band high-frequency circuit and multi-band communication device

This application is a divisional application, the application number of its parent application: 200480037079.X, the application date: 2004.12.13, the name of the invention: multi-band high-frequency circuit, multi-band high-frequency circuit components and multi-band communication device

technical field

The present invention relates to a wireless communication device for wireless transmission between electronic and electrical equipment, in particular to a multi-band high-frequency circuit, a multi-band high-frequency circuit component, and a multi-band high-frequency circuit that can be used in common in at least two communication systems and can also perform diversity reception. And a multi-band communication device using the part.

Background technique

Now, data communication based on a wireless LAN (WLAN) described in the IEEE802.11 specification is becoming more and more popular. For example, as an alternative to personal computers (PCs), printers, hard disks, broadband routers and other PC peripherals, FAX, refrigerators, standard-definition televisions (SDTV), high-definition televisions (HDTV), cameras, video recorders, mobile phones and other electronic equipment, The signal transmission mechanism of the wires in the car and the aircraft is used, and then wireless data transmission is performed between various electronic and electrical equipment.

Currently, there are multiple WLAN specifications. For example, IEEE802.11a is a WLAN specification that uses OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiples: Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) modulation and supports high-speed data communication at a maximum rate of 54 Mbps, and its frequency band utilizes the 5 GHz band. In addition, IEEE802.11a is provided as a standard applicable in Europe, and IEEE802.11h is provided as a WLAN standard.

Also, IEEE802.11b is a WLAN specification that supports 5.5Mbps and 11Mbps high-speed communication through the DSSS (Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum) method. IEEE802.11b uses the 2.4GHz ISM that can be used freely without a wireless license (Industrial, Scientific and Medical, industrial, scientific and medical) frequency band.

There is also IEEE8.2.11g, which uses OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiples: Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) modulation method and supports WLAN specifications for high-speed data communication at a maximum rate of 54Mbps, which is the same as IEEE802.11b, IEEE8.2.11 g Utilizes the 2.4GHz frequency band.

In the following description, IEEE8.2.11a and IEEE8.2.11h are used as the first communication system, and IEEE8.2.11b and IEEE8.2.11g are sometimes described as the second communication system.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-169008 describes a multiband communication device using such a WLAN. This multi-band communication device is equipped with: two dual-band antennas, two transceivers capable of transmitting and receiving signals in two communication systems (IEEE8.2.11a, IEEE8.2.11b) with different communication frequency bands, and two transceivers for each communication system Modulate the transmitted data and demodulate the received data; a plurality of switch mechanisms are used to respectively connect the above-mentioned antennas on the above-mentioned transceiver parts; the switch control mechanism performs switching control of the above-mentioned switch mechanisms, which can realize diversity reception (refer to Figure 33).

As another example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2002-033714 describes a multiband communication device including a single multiband antenna. This multi-band communication device includes a switching circuit, an amplifier, a front-end circuit for the 2.4 GHz band and a front-end circuit for the 5 GHz band equipped with a mixer, etc., and a front-end circuit that selects one of the two front-end circuits Then it is connected to the switch circuit SW1 on the common multi-band antenna, the switch circuits SW2 and SW3 for switching the transceiver circuit, and the switch circuit SW4 connected to the center frequency filter BPF (refer to FIG. 34 ).

In multi-band communication devices for WLAN, CSMA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access) is adopted, and before starting communication, frequency scanning is performed first to search for receivable frequency channels (carrier sense) and is standardized.

In the multi-band communication device of JP-A-2003-169008, when performing the scanning operation, the antenna ANT1 is connected to the receiving terminal of the 802.11a transceiver part through six SPDT (single-pole double-throw) switch mechanisms (SW1-SW6). On Rx, connect ANT2 to the receiving terminal Rx of the 802.11b transceiver part at the same time. The 802.11a receiver scans the 5GHz frequency band, while the 802.11b receiver scans the 2.4GHz frequency band to detect all available free channels.

In the next step, the reception signal of the 5GHz band received by the dual-band antenna ANT1 is compared with the reception signal of the 2.4GHz band received by the dual-band antenna ANT2, and the communication of the desired party signal will be received in the two communication systems The system is selected as the active communication system.

After the scanning operation, change the antenna connected to the transceiver device of the selected communication system to the other antenna, and do not change the channel to receive the signal, and then compare the signals received by the two antennas, and the reception will be better. One antenna of the signal is selected as the current (active) antenna, and diversity reception is performed.

In addition, the multi-band communication device of Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-033714 uses a dual-band antenna ANT1 to scan the received signal on the 2.4GHz frequency band and the 5GHz frequency band to detect all receivable idle channels, thereby selecting the desired channel in communication. channels of the communication system.

As in the conventional multi-band communication device, each communication system is connected to a different antenna, or to one antenna to obtain reception information, and based on the result of comparing the reception information, the channel of the communication system is selected. The above-mentioned method , the influence of noise from other communication systems and electronic equipment, and the influence of external interference such as attenuation cannot be ignored, so sometimes the channel of the communication system that should be selected is mistaken for the busy state, and the amplitude of the received signal is not selected to be the largest communication system.

Especially in the 2.4GHz frequency band, there are leakage electromagnetic waves from microwave ovens, noise caused by communication systems such as Bluetooth(R) and RFID (Radio Frequency Identification), and in the nearby frequency band, there are WCDMA (Wide Band Code DivisionMultiple Access) and other mobile phone communication systems with relatively large transmission power, the high-frequency signals of these communication systems cause communication obstacles in the WLAN system. However, conventional multiband communication devices have not considered these noises at all.

In addition, the conventional multi-band communication device needs to use a plurality of switching mechanisms to switch the path of the high-frequency signal, so the control becomes complicated according to the number of switching mechanisms. Also, the switching mechanism has a certain degree of transmission loss. Therefore, if there are a plurality of switching mechanisms on the path from the antenna to the transmitting and receiving unit, the transmission loss increases accordingly. In particular, when receiving a signal, there is a problem that the quality of the high-frequency signal incident from the antenna is poor. In addition, the power consumed in the switching of the switching mechanism cannot be ignored in devices such as notebook computers and mobile phones that use batteries as the driving power. Therefore, a method of configuring a multi-band high-frequency circuit with a small number of switching mechanisms is required.

There is also IEEE802.11h, which requires new DFS (Dynamic Frequency Selection) and TCP (Transmission Power Control) functions. The TPC function here is, for example, a function to reduce the transmission power when good communication can be performed even if the transmission power is reduced when the terminal is close to the base station, thereby suppressing the power consumption to the necessary minimum limit level.

From the output port of the power amplifier to the multiband antenna, there is transmission loss caused by various circuit elements such as switching circuits. Since this transmission loss has frequency characteristics, the output power from the multi-band antenna is not constant depending on the channel used by the multi-band high-frequency circuit, and varies with the channel used. It is therefore necessary to control the output power from the amplifier with good precision.

For example, if the multi-band communication device of Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-169008 is used to realize the TPC function, a coupling circuit ( such as a directional coupler) and the detection signal from the directional coupler is input to the detection circuit, based on the obtained detection voltage, the output signal is controlled. However, in this method, a directional coupler, a detection diode, and a smoothing circuit are required for both the 2.4GHz band and the 5GHz band, and when the control circuit is used in common, it is also necessary to select detection voltage terminals for the 2.4GHz band and the 5GHz band. the analog switch. Therefore, there is a problem in that the number of components increases, making it difficult to miniaturize the communication device.

In WLAN high-frequency circuits, in addition to a diversity switch and a switch circuit for switching between a transmission circuit and a reception circuit, a filter circuit for removing unnecessary frequency components contained in a transmission signal and a reception signal is also required. In addition, a balance-to-unbalance conversion circuit for converting an unbalanced signal into a balanced signal, and an impedance conversion circuit are also required.

There is also a strong demand for miniaturization of multi-band communication devices when built into mobile phones and notebook computers, and when used as network cards of PCMCIA (Personal Computer Memory Card International Association).

Contents of the invention

Therefore, the first object of the present invention is to provide a multi-band high-frequency circuit that can be commonly used in at least two communication systems without being substantially affected by noise or attenuation, and can select the most desired radio frequency circuit. A multi-band high-frequency circuit for communication channels and a multi-band high-frequency circuit capable of diversity reception.

The second object of the present invention is to provide a multi-band antenna that can switch the connection between the transmitting side circuit and the receiving side circuit with fewer switch mechanisms, and has a coupling circuit, a filter circuit, a balanced-unbalanced conversion circuit and an impedance conversion circuit. A multi-band high-frequency circuit with a small number of components.

A third object of the present invention is to provide a multi-band high-frequency circuit component in which the above-mentioned multi-band high-frequency circuit has a compact three-dimensional laminated structure.

A fourth object of the present invention is to provide a multi-band multi-band system including a transmitting and receiving unit that modulates transmission data in each communication system and demodulates received data, and a switch circuit control unit that controls switching of the above-mentioned high-frequency switch. communication device.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, a multi-band high-frequency circuit performs wireless communication of a plurality of communication systems with different communication frequencies, and is characterized in that it includes a high-frequency switch circuit including a circuit for switching between a plurality of multi-band antennas and a transmission side. and a switching element connected to the receiving side circuit; and a first signal separation circuit configured between the above-mentioned high-frequency switching circuit and the transmitting-side circuit, having a low-frequency side filter circuit and a high-frequency side filter circuit, according to the frequency band of the above-mentioned communication system. high-frequency signal separation; and a second signal separation circuit, disposed between the above-mentioned high-frequency switch circuit and the receiving side circuit, having a low-frequency side filter circuit and a high-frequency side filter circuit, and separating the high-frequency signal according to the frequency band of the above-mentioned communication system, Wherein, as the low-frequency side filter circuit of the second signal separation circuit, a band-pass filter circuit is used, or a band-pass filter circuit is arranged between the low-frequency side filter circuit and the receiving side circuit of the second signal separation circuit, from the above-mentioned second A band-pass filter is provided between the signal separation circuit and the receiving circuit on the low-frequency side. The above-mentioned high-frequency switch circuit has first to fourth ports, the first port is connected to the first multi-band antenna through a matching circuit, and the second port is connected to another The matching circuit is connected to the second multi-band antenna, the third port is connected to the first signal separation circuit, the fourth port is connected to the second signal separation circuit, the above-mentioned switch element is controlled to be in the ON state or the OFF state, and the multi-band antenna for wireless communication is selected. The frequency band antenna, at the same time, switches the connection between the selected multi-band antenna and the transmission side circuit, or the connection with the reception side circuit.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, a multi-band high-frequency circuit performs wireless communication of a plurality of communication systems with different communication frequencies, and is characterized by: a high-frequency switch circuit including a circuit for switching between one multi-band antenna and a transmission side, and A switching element connected to the receiving side circuit; and a first signal separation circuit disposed between the above-mentioned high-frequency switching circuit and the transmitting-side circuit, having a low-frequency side filter circuit and a high-frequency side filter circuit, and separating the high-frequency side according to the frequency band of the above-mentioned communication system. frequency signal separation; and a second signal separation circuit, configured between the above-mentioned high-frequency switch circuit and the receiving side circuit, has a low-frequency side filter circuit and a high-frequency side filter circuit, and separates high-frequency signals according to the frequency band of the above-mentioned communication system, wherein , as the low-frequency side filter circuit of the second signal separation circuit, a band-pass filter circuit is used, or a band-pass filter circuit is arranged between the low-frequency side filter circuit and the receiving side circuit of the second signal separation circuit, from the above-mentioned second signal A band-pass filter is provided between the separating circuit and the receiving circuit on the low-frequency side. The above-mentioned high-frequency switch circuit has first to third ports, the first port is connected to the first multi-band antenna through a matching circuit, and the second port is connected to the first multi-band antenna. The signal separation circuit is connected, the third port is connected to the second signal separation circuit, and the above-mentioned switch element is controlled to be in the ON state or the OFF state, and the connection between the multi-band antenna and the transmission side circuit or the connection with the reception side circuit is switched.

The above-mentioned bandpass filter circuit uses, for example, 2.4 GHz to 2.5 GHz as a passband, and removes noise by attenuating high-frequency signals outside the band, thereby becoming a high-frequency circuit that is less affected by noise.

A coupling circuit for extracting a part of transmission power to a plurality of communication systems may be disposed between the high-frequency switch circuit and the first signal separation circuit. As preferably, the above-mentioned coupling circuit is used as a coupling capacitor, and a matching circuit is provided between the above-mentioned coupling circuit and the detection circuit, or the above-mentioned coupling circuit is used as a directional coupler with a main line and a sub-line, and one end side of the above-mentioned sub-line is connected to the detection circuit. There is a matching circuit between them.

Each of the above-mentioned first and second signal separation circuits uses one end side as a common port, and connects the low-frequency side filter circuit and the high-frequency side filter circuit in parallel, and the above-mentioned low-frequency side filter circuit is used to make the high-frequency signal of the 2.4GHz frequency band The above-mentioned high-frequency side filter is a filter circuit that passes high-frequency signals in the 5 GHz band and attenuates transmission signals in the 2.4 GHz band by passing the high-frequency signals in the 5 GHz band.

Preferably, the low-frequency side filter circuit of the second signal separation circuit is composed of a phase circuit and a band-pass filter circuit having a 2.4 GHz frequency band as a pass band, and the above-mentioned band-pass filter circuit viewed from the high-frequency switching circuit side is passed by the phase circuit. The impedance of the 5GHz band at the time of the filter circuit is adjusted to high impedance. Through the above method, the number of circuit components of the filter circuit on the low frequency side is reduced, and at the same time, excellent passband characteristics and out-of-band attenuation can be obtained.

Preferably, the low-frequency side filter circuit is a low-pass filter circuit, a high-pass filter circuit and a low-pass filter circuit, or a band-pass filter circuit, and preferably the above-mentioned high-frequency side filter circuit is a high-pass filter circuit or a band-pass filter circuit.

In a preferred embodiment, the multi-band high-frequency circuit includes: a first balanced-unbalanced conversion circuit disposed between the low-frequency side filter circuit and the receiving side circuit of the second signal separation circuit; and a second balanced-unbalanced conversion circuit. The balance conversion circuit is arranged between the high-frequency side filter circuit and the receiving side circuit of the second signal separation circuit.

In another preferred embodiment, the multi-band high-frequency circuit includes: a transceiver unit that modulates transmission data in each communication system and demodulates received data; and a switch circuit control unit that controls the high-frequency switch switch.

The multi-band high-frequency circuit component of the present invention is characterized in that it has the above-mentioned multi-band high-frequency circuit, and includes a laminated substrate having an electrode pattern and elements mounted on the surface of the laminated substrate, and is a circuit element constituting the above-mentioned high-frequency circuit. Among them, at least a part of the inductance element and the capacitance element are constituted by the electrode pattern, and at least the switching element is mounted on the surface of the multilayer substrate.

A multi-band communication device according to the present invention is characterized by comprising the above-mentioned multi-band high-frequency circuit or the above-mentioned multi-band high-frequency circuit component, a multi-band antenna, and a transmission and reception circuit unit.

(invention effect)

The multi-band high-frequency circuit of the present invention can select the most desired wireless communication channel without being substantially affected by noise or attenuation in WLAN-based data communication, and can also perform diversity reception. In addition, the power consumption can be suppressed by a small number of switching mechanisms, and the connection between the multi-band antenna and the transmission side circuit and the reception side circuit can be switched.

The high-frequency circuit of the present invention can be configured as a high-frequency circuit component having a compact three-dimensional laminated structure. Furthermore, it is possible to provide a multiband communication device including a transmitting and receiving unit for modulating transmission data in each communication system and demodulating received data, and a switch circuit control unit for controlling switching of the high-frequency switch.

In addition, there is also provided a multi-band high-frequency circuit for performing wireless communication of a plurality of communication systems with different communication frequencies, including: a high-frequency switch circuit that switches between a plurality of multi-band antennas, a transmission-side circuit, and a reception-side circuit. The switching element connected; the first signal separation circuit, which is arranged between the high-frequency switching circuit and the transmission side circuit, has a low-frequency side filter circuit and a high-frequency side filter circuit, and separates the high-frequency side according to the frequency band of the communication system. signal separation; and a second signal separation circuit, which is arranged between the high-frequency switch circuit and the receiving side circuit, has a low-frequency side filter circuit and a high-frequency side filter circuit, and separates high-frequency signals according to the frequency band of the communication system , using a high-pass filter circuit or a band-pass filter circuit as the high-frequency side filter circuit of the second signal separation circuit, the high-frequency switch circuit has first to fourth ports, the first port is connected to the first multi-band antenna, The second port is connected to the second multi-band antenna, the third port is connected to the first signal separation circuit, the fourth port is connected to the second signal separation circuit, and the switch element is controlled to be in the ON state or the OFF state, and wireless communication is selected. multi-band antenna, and switch the connection between the selected multi-band antenna and the transmission side circuit, or the connection between the reception side circuit.

In addition, there is also provided a multi-band high-frequency circuit for performing wireless communication of a plurality of communication systems with different communication frequencies, comprising: a high-frequency switch circuit having a switch between one multi-band antenna, a transmission side circuit, and a reception side circuit connected switching elements; a first signal separation circuit, which is arranged between the high-frequency switch circuit and the transmission side circuit, has a low-frequency side filter circuit and a high-frequency side filter circuit, and divides the high-frequency signal according to the frequency band of the communication system separation; and a second signal separation circuit, which is arranged between the high-frequency switch circuit and the receiving side circuit, has a low-frequency side filter circuit and a high-frequency side filter circuit, and separates the high-frequency signal according to the frequency band of the communication system, Using a high-pass filter circuit or a band-pass filter circuit as the high-frequency side filter circuit of the second signal separation circuit, the high-frequency switch circuit has first to third ports, and the first port passes through the matching circuit and the first multi-band antenna connected, the second port is connected to the first signal separation circuit, the third port is connected to the second signal separation circuit, the switching element is controlled to be in the ON state or the OFF state, and the connection between the multi-band antenna and the sending side circuit is switched, Or the connection with the receiving side circuit.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a circuit of a multiband communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a multiband high-frequency circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit of a multiband high-frequency circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit of an example of a DPD switch used in the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit of another example of the DPDT switch used in the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit of another example of the DPDT switch used in the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit of still another example of the DPDT switch used in the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit of an example of a signal separation circuit used in the present invention.

9 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit of another example of the signal separation circuit used in the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit of an example of a filter circuit used in the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit of another example of the filter circuit used in the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit of still another example of the filter circuit used in the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit of still another example of the filter circuit used in the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit of an example of a balanced-unbalanced circuit used in the present invention.

15 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit of another example of a balanced-unbalanced circuit used in the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit of still another example of a balanced-unbalanced circuit used in the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a block diagram showing a multi-band high-frequency circuit according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 18 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit of an example of an SPDT switch used in the present invention.

Fig. 19 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit of another example of the SPDT switch used in the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit of still another example of the SPDT switch used in the present invention.

FIG. 21 is a block diagram showing a multi-band high-frequency circuit according to yet another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 22 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit of an example of an SPST switch used in the present invention.

Fig. 23 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit of still another example of the SPDT switch used in the present invention.

Fig. 24 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit of still another example of the SPDT switch used in the present invention.

Fig. 25 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit of still another example of the SPDT switch used in the present invention.

26 is a perspective view showing a multi-band high-frequency circuit component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 27 is an exploded perspective view showing a part of a laminated substrate constituting the multiband high-frequency circuit component of the present invention.

Fig. 28 is an exploded perspective view showing the remainder of the laminated substrate constituting the multiband high-frequency circuit component of the present invention.

29 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit of a multiband high-frequency circuit according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 30 is a block diagram showing a multi-band high-frequency circuit according to yet another embodiment of the present invention.

31 is a block diagram showing an equivalent circuit of a multiband high-frequency circuit according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

32 is a block diagram showing an equivalent circuit of a multiband high-frequency circuit according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 33 is a block diagram showing a conventional multiband communication device.

Fig. 34 is a block diagram showing another conventional multiband communication device.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

Fig. 1 shows the circuit of a multi-band communication device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. This multi-band communication device has: two multi-band antennas ANT1 and ANT2, which can transmit and receive signals in the 2.4GHz frequency band and the 5GHZ frequency band; The connected high-frequency switch and multiple signal separation circuits; IEEE802.11a transceiver part and IEEE802.11b transceiver part, which modulate the transmission data in each communication system and demodulate the received data, switch circuit The control part, which controls the switching of the above-mentioned high-frequency switch; and the transceiver circuit part RF-IC, which has a receiving signal amplifier; and balanced-unbalanced conversion circuits 53, 54, which convert balanced signals into unbalanced signals; Amplifiers PA1 and PA2 are connected to the balanced-unbalanced conversion circuit. As another aspect, there is also a multiband communication device including balun circuits 53 and 54 , amplifiers for transmission signals PA1 and PA2 , and a coupling circuit in the transceiver circuit portion RF-IC.

In this example, the first communication system is referred to as IEEE802.11a, and the second communication system is referred to as IEEE802.11b, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, as described above, IEEE802.11h has the same frequency band as IEEE802.11a, and IEEE802.11g has the same frequency band as IEEE802.11b, so the respective circuit units can also be used in each communication system. When IEEE802.11b and IEEE802.11g are used at the same time, since the modulation schemes are different, it is necessary to be able to correspond to the respective transceivers.

FIG. 2 shows an example of the high-frequency circuit unit 1 , and FIG. 3 shows an equivalent circuit of the high-frequency circuit unit 1 . The multiband high-frequency circuit (high-frequency circuit unit 1 ) of the present invention basically includes a high-frequency switch circuit 10 and first and second signal separation circuits 20 and 25 connected to the high-frequency switch circuit 10 . The multi-band high-frequency circuit of the present embodiment makes a plurality of multi-band antennas and a plurality of signal separation circuits connected with a high-frequency switch circuit 10 of DPDT (double-pole double-throw) having four ports, and the high-frequency switch circuit 10 The first port 10a is connected to the first multi-band antenna ANT1 through a coupling circuit composed of a coupling capacitor C1 that doubles as a blocking capacitor, and the second port 10b is connected to the second multi-band antenna ANT1 through a coupling circuit composed of a coupling capacitor C2. The antenna ANT2 is connected, the third port 10c is connected to the first demultiplexing circuit 20 for demultiplexing the received signal, and the fourth port 10d is connected to the second demultiplexing circuit 25 for demultiplexing the received signal. The third port 20c of the first signal separation circuit 20 is connected to the filter circuit 60, the second port 25b of the second signal separation circuit 25 is connected to the filter circuit 30 and the balance-unbalance change circuit 50, and the third port 25c is connected to the filter circuit 40 And the balanced-unbalanced conversion circuit 55 is connected.

The high-frequency switching circuit 10 mainly includes switching elements such as field effect transistors (FETs) and diodes, and may include appropriate inductance elements and capacitance elements. A configuration example of the high-frequency switch circuit 10 is shown in FIG. 4 . In this high-frequency switch circuit 10, four field effect transistors are connected in series to four signal channels arranged in a ring shape, and at the same time, in the four signal channels, on the side of the third port 10c and the fourth port 10d, they are connected in series The DC blocking capacitor C is connected, and since the number of switching elements arranged in the channel of the high-frequency signal is small, the loss caused by the switching elements is small.

When the voltage controlled by the switch circuit control unit is applied to the control terminals V1 and V2, the connections between the ports of the high frequency switch circuit 10 are as shown in Table 1.

【Table 1】

connection mode V1 V2 Between Port10a-10c Between Port10a-10d Between Port10b-10c Between Port10b-10d 1 High Low connect disconnect disconnect connect 2 Low High disconnect connect connect disconnect

To the control terminal V1 of the high-frequency switch circuit 10, a voltage (for example, +1 to +5) above the working threshold voltage (High) of the field effect tube is applied, and a voltage (Low) below the threshold value (Low) is applied to the control terminal V2, for example The case of 0V will be described in detail below.

In this case, the field effect transistors FET1 and FET4 are in the ON state, and the field effect transistors FET2 and FET3 are in the OFF state. Therefore, the high-frequency signal input from the port 10c (the first signal separation circuit side) of the high-frequency switch circuit 10 is transmitted to the port 10a (the first multi-band antenna side) through the field effect transistor FET1 in the ON state. At this time, the field effect transistor FET3 is in the OFF state, so through its insulation characteristics, there is almost no leakage of the high-frequency signal input to the port 10b (second multi-band antenna side), and the field effect transistor FET2 is also in the OFF state, so the high-frequency signal input to the port 10d There is also almost no leakage of the input high-frequency signal (on the side of the second signal separation circuit).

On the other hand, the high-frequency signal input from the port 10b (the second multi-band antenna side) of the high-frequency switch circuit 10 is transmitted to the port 10d (the second signal separation circuit side) through the field effect transistor FET4 in the ON state. In this case, the field effect transistor FET2 is in the OFF state, so there is almost no leakage of the high-frequency signal input to the port 10a (the first multi-band antenna side), and the field effect transistor FET3 is also in the OFF state, so the port 10c (the first multi-band antenna side) is in the OFF state. There is also almost no leakage of the high-frequency signal input on the side of a signal separation circuit.

Next, a case where a voltage above the FET operation threshold voltage (for example, +1 to +5) is applied to the control terminal V2 and a voltage below the threshold such as 0V is applied to the control terminal V1 will be described. In this case, the field effect transistors FET2 and FET3 are in the ON state, and the field effect transistors FET1 and FET4 are in the OFF state. Therefore, the high-frequency signal input from the port 10a (the first multi-band antenna side) of the high-frequency switch circuit 10 is transmitted to the port 10d (the second signal separation circuit side) through the field effect transistor FET2 in the ON state. On the other hand, the high-frequency signal input from the port 10c (the first signal separation circuit side) of the high-frequency switch circuit 10 is transmitted to the port 10b (the second multi-band antenna side) through the field effect transistor FET3 in the ON state.

When transmitting and receiving signals in the multiband high-frequency circuit of the present invention, frequency scanning is first performed to search for receivable channels (carrier scanning) before starting communication. In the case of scanning operation, for example, the high-frequency switch circuit 10 is controlled by the switch circuit control unit so as to be the connection pattern 1 in Table 1. In this case, the second multiband antenna ANT2 is connected to the second signal separation circuit 25, and one multiband antenna is connected to the receiving circuits of the two communication systems.

The second signal separation circuit 25 connected to the fourth port 10d of the high-frequency switch circuit 10 passes a high-frequency signal of the 2.4 GHz band (IEEE802.11b) and attenuates a high-frequency signal of 5 GHz (IEEE802.11a). The low-frequency side filter circuit is configured in combination with a high-frequency side filter circuit that passes high-frequency signals in the 5 GHz band (IEEE802.11a) and attenuates 2.4 GHz (IEEE802.11b) transmission signals. In this embodiment, the low-frequency side filter circuit is constituted by a low-pass filter circuit composed of inductance elements and capacitive elements, and the high-frequency side filter circuit is constituted by a high-pass filter circuit.

According to such a configuration, among the high-frequency signals incident on the multi-band antenna and appearing at the fourth port 10d of the high-frequency side switch circuit 10, the high-frequency signal of the 2.4 GHz band appears at the second port of the second signal separation circuit 25. 25b, but does not appear in the third port 25c, the high-frequency signal of the 5GHz frequency band appears in the third port 25c of the second signal separation circuit 25, but does not appear in the second port 25b. In this manner, it is possible to separate high-frequency signals in the 2.4 GHz band and high-frequency signals in the 5 GHz band.

In the second signal separation circuit 25, the high-frequency signal appearing at the second port 25b is passed through the band-pass filter circuit 30 to remove the noise component, and the unbalanced signal is converted into a balanced signal by the balanced-unbalanced conversion circuit 50, Furthermore, it is input to the receiving circuit of IEEE802.11b. Also, the high-frequency signal appearing at the third port 25c is input to the receiving circuit of IEEE802.11a through the filter circuit 40 and the balanced-unbalanced conversion circuit 55 .

Based on the obtained high-frequency signal, the receiving circuit part of IEEE802.11a scans the 5GHz frequency band, and at the same time, the transceiver part of IEEE802.11b scans the 2.4GHz frequency band to detect all receivable channels.

Thereafter, the switch circuit 10 is controlled by the switch circuit control unit so as to be the connection pattern 2 in Table 1. In this case, the first multiband antenna ANT1 is connected to the second demultiplexing circuit 25 on the receiving circuit side. Based on the obtained high-frequency signal, the receiving circuit part of IEEE802.11a scans the 5GHz frequency band, and at the same time, the transceiver part of IEEE802.11b scans the 2.4GHz frequency band to detect all receivable channels.

Based on the result of the frequency scan, while selecting the frequency channel of the current (active) communication system, the amplitude of the received signal received by the first and second dual-band antennas ANT1 and ANT2 is compared with that of the transceiver circuit of the above-mentioned communication system Connected multi-band antenna.

Therefore, even if external interference such as fading occurs, an optimal communication system can be selected to perform diversity reception. In addition, by removing noise from the received signal with a filter circuit and performing carrier detection, it is possible to select an optimal channel for wireless communication. When it is determined that all the channels are in use (busy) by carrier detection, carrier detection is performed again after a certain period of time has elapsed.

Next, transmit via the selected channel. Connect the selected multi-band antenna to the first signal separation circuit 20 through the third port 10c of the high frequency switch circuit 10 . The first signal separation circuit 20 is a low-frequency side filter circuit that passes high-frequency signals in the 2.4 GHz band (IEEE802.11b) and attenuates high-frequency signals in the 5 GHz band (IEEE802.11a) ) high-frequency signal to pass and attenuate the 2.4GHz (IEEE802.11b) transmission signal combination of high-frequency side filter circuit constituted. In this embodiment, the low-frequency side filter circuit is configured by a low-pass filter circuit, and the high-frequency side filter circuit is configured by a high-pass filter circuit.

Therefore, the high-frequency signal of the 2.4 GHz frequency band input from the transmitting circuit of IEEE802.11b to the second port 20b of the first signal separation circuit 20 passes through the low-frequency side filter circuit and appears at the first port 20a, but does not appear at the third port. 20c, on the other hand, the high-frequency signal of the 5 GHz frequency band input from the transmitting circuit of IEEE802.11a to the third port 20c of the first signal separation circuit passes through the high-frequency side filter circuit and appears in the first port 20a, but does not appear 20b at the second port. In this manner, it is possible to separate high-frequency signals in the 2.4 GHz band and high-frequency signals in the 5 GHz band. In addition, the high-frequency signals of the 2.4GHz band and the 5GHz band are extracted from the same port, so it is also expressed as 'synthesis'.

The high-frequency signal appearing at the first port 20a is input to the third port 10c of the switch circuit, and is transmitted from the multi-band antenna.

Equivalent circuits of other examples of the switch circuit 10 are shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 . These equivalent circuits have field effect transistors FETs and switching elements such as diodes D1-D4 as main components, and have appropriate inductance elements and capacitance elements, and can be constructed using, for example, two SPDT (single-pole double-throw) switches.

The first and second signal separation circuits 20 and 25 are configured by appropriately combining a low-pass filter circuit, a high-pass filter circuit, and a band-pass filter circuit including inductance elements and capacitance elements. An equivalent circuit of an example of the signal separation circuits 20 and 25 is shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 .

The filter circuits 30 , 40 , 60 are likewise formed from low-pass filter circuits, high-pass filter circuits and/or band-pass filters. These filter circuits are appropriately selected according to the out-of-band attenuation of the signal separation circuits 20 and 25 . 10 to 13 show equivalent circuits of other examples of filter circuits 30 , 40 , and 60 .

The balanced-unbalanced conversion circuits 50 and 55 are composed of inductance elements and capacitance elements, and may have an impedance conversion function. Examples of such equivalent circuits are shown in FIGS. 14 to 16 . If the unbalanced input-balanced output type SAW filter is used, the filter circuit and the balanced-unbalanced conversion circuit can be realized with one circuit element, so the number of components can be reduced, and the cost and size of the high-frequency circuit can be realized. change. Also, a SAW filter having an input impedance and an output impedance different from each other may be used. In this case, an impedance conversion function may also be provided. Instead of a SAW filter, an FBAR filter can also be used.

The multi-band high-frequency circuit composed of the above-mentioned various signal separation circuits, filter circuits, balanced-unbalanced conversion circuits and/or switch circuits plays an excellent role like the multi-band high-frequency circuit shown in FIG. 3 .

When multiple multi-band antennas cannot be configured, as shown in the block diagram of FIG. 17, if an SPDT switch 12 is used as the high-frequency switch circuit 10, a multi-band high-frequency circuit connected to one multi-band antenna can be obtained. In this case, except for the switching circuit, it is the same as the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 , and therefore, functions similar to those of the multiband high-frequency circuit of the first embodiment except for diversity reception. The SPDT switch 12 can be suitably used in the switch circuits shown in FIGS. 18 to 20 .

To ensure insulation between the transmission side circuit and the reception side circuit, it is preferable to arrange an SPST (Single Pole Single Throw) switch circuit 11 between the high frequency switch circuit 10 and the second signal separation circuit 25 as shown in FIG. 21 . The SPST switch circuit 11, for example, as shown in FIGS. 22 to 25, is composed of a switch element, an inductance element, and a capacitance element, and is controlled to connect the port 10c of the high-frequency switch circuit 10 to the port 10a or the port 10b. The passage of the lower cut-off signal.

Example 2

26 to 28 show examples in which a high-frequency circuit having the equivalent circuit shown in FIG. 3 is constructed on a laminated substrate. FIG. 26 shows how the first and second signal separation circuits 20, 25, filter circuits 30, 40, 60, and first and second balanced-unbalanced circuits 50, 55 are arranged inside and outside the multilayer substrate. Appearance of frequency band high frequency circuit components. 27 and 28 show the configuration of each layer of the laminated substrate 100 constituting the high-frequency circuit component.

The multilayer substrate 100 is, for example, a plurality of ceramic printed circuit boards with a thickness of 10 to 200 μm, which are made of a ceramic dielectric that can be sintered at a low temperature of 1000° C. or lower, and printed with a paste such as Ag or Cu to form a predetermined electrode pattern. It can be laminated and manufactured integrally by sintering. Between Port 10a-10c

On the surface of the printed circuit board 15 at the bottom layer, a ground electrode GND is formed substantially covering the entire surface, and terminal electrodes for mounting on the circuit board are formed inside. The terminal electrodes have antenna ports ANT1, ANT2, transmission ports Tx1, Tx2 for inputting unbalanced signals, receiving ports Rx1+, Rx1-, Rx2+, Rx2- for outputting unbalanced signals, grounding ports GND, and switch circuit control The control ports V1 and V2 are connected to the electrode patterns on the upper printed circuit substrate through via holes (indicated by black dots in the figure) formed on the printed circuit substrate. In this embodiment, LGA (Land Grid Array) is used as the terminal electrode, but BGA (Ball Grid Array) or the like may also be used as the terminal electrode.

The printed circuit boards 1 to 14 are laminated on the printed circuit board 15 . On these printed circuit boards, among the inductance elements and capacitance elements constituting the first and second signal separation circuits 20, 25, filter circuits 30, 40, 60, and balanced-unbalanced conversion circuits 50, 55, the inductance elements pass through Transmission lines are properly connected, capacitive elements are formed by specifying electrode patterns, and are properly connected through via holes. Matching circuits 80, 85 arranged between filter circuits 30, 40 and balun circuits 50, 55 are formed by transmission lines of a predetermined line length. Of course, the inductance element and the capacitance element may also be mounted on the multilayer substrate 100 as chip inductors and chip capacitors.

The individual circuits are three-dimensionally formed on the laminated substrate 100 , but the electrode patterns constituting the circuits are separated by the ground electrode GND or do not overlap in the lamination direction in order to prevent unnecessary mutual electromagnetic interference. The transmission line through which high-frequency signals in the 5GHz frequency band pass is separated from other electrode patterns by at least 50 μm in order to prevent electromagnetic interference.

For the dielectric, for example, ceramics containing Al, Si, and Sr as main components and Ti, Bi, Cu, Mn, Na, etc. Ceramics containing Pb, Na, K, etc. as complex components, ceramics containing Al, Mg, Si, and Gd, and ceramics containing Al, Si, Zr, and Mg. A preferable dielectric constant of the dielectric is about 5-15. In addition to ceramic media, resins and digital/ceramic composites can also be used. It is also possible to use HTCC (high temperature simultaneous firing ceramics) technology to form electrode patterns on a dielectric substrate mainly composed of Al2O3 and metal conductors such as tungsten and molybdenum that can be sintered at high temperatures.

A plurality of land electrodes are formed on the printed circuit board 1, and a DPDT switch (GaAs FET) and a coupling capacitor not built into the laminated board are mounted on the land electrodes as chip components. The land electrodes are connected to the connection lines and circuit elements in the laminated substrate through the via holes.

Preferably, a switch in a bare state is mounted on a land electrode and sealed with a resin and a tube. Such a multiband high-frequency circuit component is suitable for miniaturization. It is also preferable to combine the RF-IC and the baseband IC constituting the transceiver circuit section on the base substrate.

Example 3

FIG. 29 shows an equivalent circuit of another example of a multiband high-frequency circuit. This multi-band high-frequency circuit is characterized in that the low-frequency side filter circuit of the second demultiplexing circuit 25 is composed of a phase circuit Lfr1 and a bandpass filter circuit 30 having a passband of 2.4 GHz. The phase circuit Lfr1 properly adjusts the phase of the high-frequency signal so that when the band-pass filter circuit 30 is viewed from the side of the high-frequency switch circuit, the impedance in the 5GHz frequency band is regarded as a high impedance, thereby preventing the high-frequency signal in the 5GHz frequency band from leaking at 2.4GHz. In the receiving circuit of the frequency band. In this example, the phase circuit Lfr1 is used as a transmission line so that a multi-band high-frequency circuit can be constituted with fewer circuit elements.

Example 4

30 to 32 show another example of the multi-band high-frequency circuit of this example. FIG. 30 is a transmission-side circuit of a multi-band high-frequency circuit including a coupling circuit. In this example, between the high-frequency switch circuit 10 and the first signal separation circuit 20 of the multi-band high-frequency circuit of Embodiment 1, a coupling circuit 150 for extracting a part of the transmission power corresponding to a plurality of communication systems is arranged, In order to provide the TPC function.

In this embodiment, part of the output power is detected by the detection circuit 300 including the coupling circuit 150 and the detection diode (Schottky diode) from the high-frequency signals in the 2.4 GHz band and the 5 GHz band. In this way, the output power is monitored near the output end of the antenna, thereby improving the detection accuracy. The coupling circuit 150 is constituted by, for example, a directional coupler and a coupling capacitor.

The multi-band high-frequency circuit of this embodiment uses one coupling circuit for the 2.4 GHz band and the 5 GHz band. The degree of coupling of the coupling circuit described above is larger on the side of the 5 GHz band than on the side of the 2.4 GHz band, and the difference is about 5 dB. The difference in the degree of coupling is directly reflected in the detection voltage, and the detection voltage corresponding to the output power from the amplifier is different. Therefore, by arranging the matching circuit 200 between the coupling circuit 150 and the detection circuit 300, the impedance of the coupling circuit 150 in the 2.4 GHz band is matched with the impedance of the detection circuit 300 so that the coupling degree (detection voltage) is small at 2.4 GHz. Larger detection voltages can also be obtained in the GHz frequency band.

Preferably, the coupling circuit is composed of a shunt inductor connected to the output port 150c of the coupling circuit 150, and a phase circuit connected between the coupling circuit 150 and the detection diode. The matching adjustment on the Smith chart of this matching circuit can individually perform amplitude adjustment by the shunt inductor coil and phase adjustment by the phase circuit. In this manner, impedance matching between the coupling circuit and the detection circuit in the 2.4 GHz band can be easily performed.

FIG. 31 shows an equivalent circuit of a coupling circuit section of a multiband high-frequency circuit using a directional coupler as the coupling circuit 150 . The above-mentioned directional coupler is composed of main line STL1, sub-line STL2 and impedance R1, and the transmission signal from the first demultiplexing circuit 20 is initially input to the input port 150b of the directional coupler 150, and output to the output port 150a. The main line STL1 and the sub line STL2 are electromagnetically coupled, and a part of the transmission signal is output to the coupling port 150c.

The matching circuit 200 is composed of a shunt inductor Lss and a phase circuit Lsi. The constants of the shunt inductor Lss and the phase circuit Lsi are set so that the output impedance of the coupling port 150c of the directional coupler in the 2.4GHz frequency band, It matches the input impedance of the detection circuit 300 . Amplitude adjustment is performed through the shunt inductance coil Lss, and phase adjustment is performed through the phase circuit Lsi.

The anode of the detection diode Dk is connected to the matching circuit 200 , and the cathode is connected to a voltage smoothing circuit composed of a capacitor Ck and a resistor Rk connected in parallel. The high-frequency signal from the coupling circuit 150 is input to the detection diode Dk, and only the high-frequency signal exceeding the forward voltage of the detection diode Dk is transmitted to the negative electrode, and is converted into a DC voltage by a smoothing circuit, and is input to the detection circuit 300 as a detection voltage. The comparison control mechanism connected to the output side.

The comparison control mechanism 400 is composed of operational amplifiers, resistors, control transistors and other components, and changes the output power of the amplifier by comparing the input reference signal with the detection signal provided by the detection diode Dk, so that the potential difference between the two signals become zero.

As another example of the high-frequency circuit, FIG. 32 shows a high-frequency circuit in which the coupling circuit portion shown in FIG. 31 is constituted by a coupling capacitor Ccl. Also in this coupling circuit, the coupling degree on the side of the 2.4GHz frequency band is smaller than that on the side of the 5GHz frequency band by about 5dB, so the detection voltage of the 2.4GHz frequency band is increased by the coupling circuit 200, thereby reducing the difference with the detection voltage of the 5GHz frequency band. deviation.

Even in a circuit in which the coupling circuit part is composed of the coupling capacitor Ccl, the standard deviation of the detection voltage with respect to the frequency is small, the number of parts can be reduced, and miniaturization can be realized. Therefore, such a high-frequency circuit is very suitable for an IEEE802.11h communication system having a TPC function.

availability in industry

The multi-band high-frequency circuit of the present invention is not easily affected by noise and attenuation in WLAN-based data communication, can select the most desired channel in wireless communication, and can also perform diversity reception. In addition, the multi-band high-frequency circuit of the present invention can suppress power consumption by using fewer switching mechanisms, and can also switch the connection between the multi-band antenna and the transmitting side circuit and the receiving side circuit.

By making the above-mentioned high-frequency circuit into a high-frequency circuit component with a small three-dimensional laminated structure, it is possible to obtain a transmission and reception unit that modulates transmission data in a communication system and demodulates reception data, and controls switching of high-frequency switches. The off-circuit control section of the multi-band communication device.

The multi-band high-frequency circuit of the present invention having such characteristics is suitable for signal transmission in personal computers, PC peripherals (printers, refrigerators, standard-definition televisions, cameras, video recorders, mobile phones, etc.), automobiles, and aircrafts. mechanism.

Claims (6)

1. multiband high-frequency circuit communicates the radio communication of the different a plurality of communication systems of frequency,

Have:

High-frequency switch circuit, it possesses the switch element that is connected that switches between a plurality of multiband antennas and transmitter side circuit and the receiver side circuit;

First demultiplexing circuit, it is configured between described high-frequency switch circuit and the transmitter side circuit, by lower frequency side filter circuit and high frequency side filter circuit, according to the frequency band of described communication system high-frequency signal is separated; And

The secondary signal split circuit, it is configured between described high-frequency switch circuit and the receiver side circuit, by lower frequency side filter circuit and high frequency side filter circuit, according to the frequency band of described communication system high-frequency signal is separated,

Use high-pass filtering circuit or bandwidth-limited circuit as the high frequency side filter circuit of described secondary signal split circuit,

Described high-frequency switch circuit has first to fourth port, and first port is connected with first multiband antenna, and second port is connected with second multiband antenna, and the 3rd port is connected with first demultiplexing circuit, and the 4th port is connected with the secondary signal split circuit,

Described multiband high-frequency circuit also possesses: extract the part of the coupling circuit of a part of transmission signal of a plurality of communication systems and the described transmission signal of input and as the detecting circuit of detecting circuit output,

Described switch element is controlled to be ON state or OFF state, via the secondary signal split circuit in the multiband antenna each is connected with the receiving circuit of a plurality of communication systems, by every multiband antenna, in a plurality of communication systems, detect receivable frequency channels, and select frequency channels with any communication system to carry out after the multiband antenna of radio communication based on the comparative result that receives signal, switch between selected multiband antenna and the transmitter side circuit be connected or with the receiver side circuit between be connected receive and dispatch.

2. multiband high-frequency circuit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:

Have match circuit between described coupling circuit and described detecting circuit, described match circuit has the part of described transmission signal is carried out the shunted resistively inductance coil of amplitude adjustment and the part of described transmission signal is carried out the phase circuit that phase place is adjusted,

Thus, reduce detecting circuit poor between communication system.

3. multiband high-frequency circuit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:

Described coupling circuit is formed by directional coupler or coupling capacitor.

4. multiband high-frequency circuit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:

Outlet side at described detecting circuit possesses the comparison controlling organization, according to the comparison of detecting circuit and reference voltage, changes the power output that the transmission signal is used amplifier.

5. multiband high-frequency circuit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:

Possess:

Receiving and transmitting part, it is modulated at the transmission data in each communication system, demodulate reception data; And

The switching circuit control part, it controls the switching of described HF switch.

6. multi-band communication apparatus,

Possess as each described multiband high-frequency circuit, multiband antenna and transmission circuit portion in the claim 1～5.

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