Summary of the invention
For overcoming the above defective of prior art, the objective of the invention is to: a kind of double liquid-state forging die for extrusion casting is provided, to twice of the whole or local enforcement of foundry goods even extruding repeatedly, can make the different parts of foundry goods can both reach high compactness, suppress the generation of casting crack, make the application of the big alloy of crackle tendency become possibility.
The technical solution that purpose of the present invention is achieved is:
A kind of double liquid-state forging die for extrusion casting; link to each other with the control computer of extrusion casting apparatus; the cover half that comprises spill; with the closed mutually dynamic model of cover half recess; connect extruding barrel and the extrusion piston thereof that links to each other with the set ingate of cover half either side except that recess; and be located in dynamic model or the cover half extruding drift that at least one links to each other with the control computer; described dynamic model; cover half and extruding drift surround the die cavity of a kiss alloying part specification; it is characterized in that: described respectively the extruding forms being slidingly matched of δ gap between drift and dynamic model or the cover half; and the extruding drift is connected with clamping mechanism, respectively pushes the forging and pressing amount that drift leaves the h distance under the mode-lock status.
Further, aforementioned a kind of double liquid-state forging die for extrusion casting, wherein this extruding drift quantity is one, and the projected area of drift is less than the area of cover half recess, and forms being slidingly matched of δ gap between extruding drift and the dynamic model;
Perhaps this extruding drift quantity is one, and the area of drift base area and cover half recess matches, and formation δ gap is slidingly matched between extruding drift and the cover half recess inwall;
Perhaps this extruding drift quantity is more than two, each push drift by the foundry goods specification requirement be controlled by control computer be distributed in the cover half recess scope; And after dynamic model and cover half closed up, each pushed drift and forms with being slidingly matched of δ gap separately with dynamic model or cover half respectively, and respectively pushes drift and leave the forging and pressing amount of h distance separately respectively.
Perhaps this extruding drift quantity is more than two, each push drift by the foundry goods specification requirement be controlled by control computer be distributed in the dynamic model; And after dynamic model and cover half closed up, each pushed drift and forms with being slidingly matched of δ gap separately with dynamic model or cover half respectively, and respectively pushes drift and leave the forging and pressing amount of h distance separately respectively.
Perhaps this extruding drift quantity is more than two, each push that drift is controlled by by the foundry goods specification requirement that the control computer is distributed in the cover half recess scope and dynamic model in; And after dynamic model and cover half closed up, each pushed drift and forms with being slidingly matched of δ gap separately with dynamic model or cover half respectively, and respectively pushes drift and leave the forging and pressing amount of h distance separately respectively.
Further, above-mentioned a kind of double liquid-state forging die for extrusion casting, wherein this extruding punch shape is made as horizontal plane, inclined-plane, curved surface or stereochemical structure according to the foundry goods shape and the principle of loosing core, and the projection of shape of drift head is rule or the non-regular figure that meets the foundry goods specification requirement, and drift root sliding fit position is the rectangle greater than the simple circular of drift head or band fillet.
Further, aforementioned a kind of double liquid-state forging die for extrusion casting, wherein this mould is the vertical dual squeeze casting mould of horizontal parting, it comprises the vertical injection feed arrangement that ingate and charging aperture are arranged on below in the foundry goods, and cover half with push the side that barrel docks charging aperture and be provided with cutter.
Further, aforementioned a kind of double liquid-state forging die for extrusion casting, wherein this mould is for being the horizontal dual squeeze casting mould of vertical-parting, it comprises ingate and charging aperture and is arranged on vertical injection feed arrangement on the foundry goods side die joint.
A kind of double liquid-state forging die for extrusion casting of the present invention, the beneficial effect of its application is embodied in:
This liquid-state forging die will pour into liquid metal in the barrel by extrusion piston and inject and realize in the mold cavity that once type is filled in extruding, rely on the extruding drift that the foundry goods that is full of die cavity and does not solidify is fully again implemented integral body, part or local multiple spot once more again and push (forging and pressing).The liquid-state forging die that this kind is suitable for dual extruding can make the foundry goods tissue reach higher density, reduce the possibility that shrinkage porosite, crackle produce, be suitable for having high-compactness internal organizational structure, must solution heat treatment, the production of complex alloys foundry goods such as the aluminium that requires such as strong mechanical performance, magnesium, zinc, copper.
Be easier to understand for making the present invention innovate essence,, architectural feature, the course of work and the beneficial effect thereof of this kind liquid-state forging die be described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing thereof.
The specific embodiment
A kind of liquid-state forging die provided by the invention includes the dual squeeze casting mould in vertical part (as Fig. 1, shown in Figure 3), the dual squeeze casting mould of vertical integral body (as shown in Figure 2), the dual squeeze casting mould in horizontal part (as shown in Figure 4), horizontal part and pushes the dual squeeze casting mould of drift multiple typical versions such as (as shown in Figure 5) more.The double liquid-state forging die of those versions is installed in supporting use on vertical extrusion casting machine or the horizontal extrusion casting machine, links to each other with the control computer of extrusion casting apparatus.The main member of this liquid-state forging die comprises: extruding barrel 2, extrusion piston 1, cover half 3, dynamic model template 4, extruding drift 5 (or 5-15-2), cutter 6, push rod 9, charging aperture 10, composition.Wherein, this cover half 3 is a spill, and the one side is formed with recess 31 and is provided with ingate 7 in either side except that recess 31; These dynamic model template 4 extruding drifts 5 are closed mutually with cover half 3 recesses 31, and surround the foundry goods die cavity 8 of a kiss alloying part specification.In addition, this ingate 7 connects with the charging aperture 10 of the docking port of extruding barrel 2 and docks, and has extrusion piston 1 in this extruding barrel 2.By pushing the vertical injection feed arrangement that barrel 2 and charging aperture 10 thereof and extrusion piston 1 constitute mould of the present invention.In this vertical injection feed arrangement, extruding barrel 2 be vertically setting, wherein the extrusion piston 1 roof pressure liquid alloy that makes progress from the lower end.Below with regard to above-mentioned multiple dual Squeeze Casting in conjunction with the vertical injection feed arrangement, introduce the structure and the working method thereof of this liquid-state forging die respectively.
Embodiment one
As shown in Figure 1, be the structural representation of the present invention's one vertical local double liquid-state forging (extrusion casint) mould.By shown in the figure as seen, these extruding drift 5 quantity are one, its projected area is less than the area of cover half 3 recesses 31; And extruding drift 5 nose shapes can require to be different shape that itself and dynamic model template 4 sliding fits partly mostly are circular or other simple shape according to foundry goods; And dynamic model template 4 and the sliding fit shape that pushes drift 5 formation gap delta.The ingate 7 of this casting mould and charging aperture 10 are arranged on the middle below with respect to foundry goods, and are provided with cutter 6 at cover half 3 with the side that extruding barrel 2 docks.This dual squeeze casting mould in vertical part be mounted in carry out on the vertical extrusion casting machine matching used.It pours into the liquid metal in the extruding barrel 2, rise by extrusion piston 1, by charging aperture 10 and ingate 7 be pushed into closed locked mode by cover half 3, dynamic model template 4, and (this claims: type is filled in extruding in the die cavity 8 that the highly pre-locked extruding drift 5 of forging and pressing amount h is formed, or claim to push for the first time), and lasting pressurize.Treat above-mentioned fill type and finish after, rapid by the control computer instruction before liquid metal does not solidify as yet fully, start extruding drift 5 and exert pressure (this claims forging and pressing or claims extruding for the second time), till foundry goods solidifies fully.After this, extruding barrel 2 and extrusion piston 1 are descending.If the material cake still in extruding barrel 2 (and ingate is broken), then can start extrusion piston 1 foundry goods is released from extruding barrel 2; If the material cake still hangs over (being that ingate is not broken) on the ingate, then can release and cut glassware 6, will expect that cake cuts.Meanwhile, dynamic model template 4 and the backhaul together of extruding drift 5 are extracted drift 5 earlier out and by push rod 9 foundry goods are released.The extruding drift 5 of this version, by being installed in independently hydraulic cylinder drive on the extrusion casting machine moving platen, it moves by computer control.
Embodiment two
As shown in Figure 2, be the structural representation of another vertical whole double liquid-state forging (extrusion casint) mould of the present invention.By shown in the figure as seen, design does not have the dynamic model template, these extruding drift 5 quantity are one, directly with cover half 3 recesses 31 mutually cunning close (fit clearance is δ).The ingate 7 of this casting mould and charging aperture 10 are arranged on the middle below with respect to foundry goods, and are provided with cutter 6 at cover half 3 with the side that extruding barrel 2 docks.The dual squeeze casting mould of this vertical integral body also be mounted in carry out on the vertical extrusion casting machine matching used.The difference of it and embodiment one is: abandoned dynamic model template 4, its function is all incorporated among the extruding drift 5.Push for this reason and design the being slidingly matched distance (fit clearance δ) that has L long between drift 5 and the cover half, leave the high forging and pressing distance of h during matched moulds.Its course of work is also similar with the dual extrusion casint in vertical part.Its difference be the extruding of liquid metals fill type (for the first time extruding) be charge into by cover half 3 and be reserved with the h distance, and the extruding drift 5 of locked mode is formed in advance die cavity 8 in, implement to push for the second time (forging and pressing) by 5 pairs of whole foundry goods of extruding drift then.The secondary extrusion drift 5 of this version, be directly installed on the custom-designed extrusion casting machine moving platen (moved cross beam), it is by special hydraulic pressure and sensor-based system, the moving platen of this kind type can be stopped and locked mode at desired location (h height and position among Fig. 2), after receiving the control computer instruction, can be descending rapidly, implement forging and pressing (extruding for the second time).
Embodiment three
Except that above two embodiment, a kind of liquid-state forging die of the present invention is that vertical casting mould can also have other feasible forms.Such as: these extruding drift 5 quantity are more than two, and present embodiment is that example describes with 2 extruding drifts.Shown in the structural representation of the two dual stamp forging moulds of extruding drift in another vertical part of Fig. 3 the present invention, this extruding drift quantity is two 5,5-1, respectively with the sidewall of cover half 3 and dynamic model 4 mutually cunning close (fit clearance is δ).The ingate 7 of this casting mould and charging aperture 10 are arranged on the middle below with respect to foundry goods, and are provided with cutter 6 at cover half 3 with the side that extruding barrel 2 docks.The dual squeeze casting mould of this vertical integral body also be mounted in carry out on the vertical extrusion casting machine matching used.It pours into the liquid metal in the extruding barrel 2, rise by extrusion piston 1, by charging aperture 10 and ingate 7 be pushed into closed locked mode by cover half 3, dynamic model 4, and (this claims: type is filled in extruding in the die cavity 8 that the extruding drift 5-1 of highly pre-locked extruding drift 5 of forging and pressing amount h and forging and pressing amount h1 distance is formed, or claim to push for the first time), and lasting pressurize.Treat above-mentioned fill type and finish after, rapid by the control computer instruction before liquid metal does not solidify as yet fully, start extruding drift 5 and extruding drift 5-1 and exert pressure (this claims forging and pressing or claims extruding for the second time), till foundry goods solidifies fully.After this, extruding barrel 2 and extrusion piston 1 are descending.If the material cake still in extruding barrel 2 (and ingate is broken), then can start extrusion piston 1 foundry goods is released from extruding barrel 2; If the material cake still hangs over (being that ingate is not broken) on the ingate, then can release and cut glassware 6, will expect that cake cuts.Meanwhile, dynamic model template 4 and the backhaul together of extruding drift 5 are extracted two extruding drifts earlier out and by push rod 9 foundry goods are released.The extruding drift drift of this version, by being installed in independently hydraulic cylinder drive on the extrusion casting machine moving platen, it moves by computer control.
Embodiment four
As shown in Figure 4, be the structural representation of the present invention's one horizontal local double liquid-state forging (extrusion casint) mould.By shown in the figure as seen, these extruding drift 5 quantity also are one, its longitudinal projection's area is less than the area of cover half 3 recesses 31; It becomes to be slidingly matched with the δ gap with dynamic model template 4, and is reserved with the long forging and pressing amount of h.When shutting the recess 31 of cover half 3, form die cavity 8 together corresponding to the foundry goods specification by extruding drift 5, dynamic model template 4 and cover half 3.And the ingate 7 of mould and charging aperture 10 are arranged on respect to side on the die joint of foundry goods.This dual squeeze casting mould in horizontal part be mounted in carry out on the horizontal extrusion casting machine matching used.It is identical with embodiment one working method: i.e. it is to charge into by cover half 3, dynamic model template 4 and be reserved with h to forge and press in the die cavity of being formed apart from the extruding drift 5 of also pre-locked mode 8 that type (extruding for the first time) is filled in the extruding of liquid metal.Implement forging and pressing (extruding for the second time) by extruding drift 5 then.This extruding drift 5 is also respectively by its independently hydraulic cylinder drive.
Embodiment five
As shown in Figure 5, the needs according to foundry goods push drift and can be designed to different shapes, size and number.Can be installed in the different parts of dynamic model template 4, cover half 3.
The difference of embodiment four, five and embodiment one to embodiment three is that the matched moulds direction is a horizontal direction, its extruding barrel 2 is arranged on dynamic model template 4, cover half (3) die joint below, its charging aperture 10 and ingate 7 all are arranged on the die joint, when extruding barrel 2 moves down also dynamic model template 4 die sinkings, material cake and ingate can be retained on the dynamic model template 4 with foundry goods, and can be released by push rod 9.Therefore need not break or cut off operation.
Among the above embodiment one to embodiment five, the version of mentioned extruding drift 5 not only is confined to this.Its bottom shape can also be inclined-plane, curved surface or other stereochemical structures except that three-dimensional ladder; And the projection of shape of drift bottom surface can be regular shape (rectangle of the Double Circle of the circle of embodiment one, embodiment two and embodiment three) or the non-regular shape (not shown) that satisfies foundry goods specification needs.
It is as follows to conclude the course of work of finding out a kind of double liquid-state forging die for extrusion casting of the present invention from the foregoing description, shown in Fig. 6 a~Fig. 6 d:
1, mold cleaning, spraying: at this moment, dynamic model template 4 and extruding drift 5 place's die opening state, extruding barrel 2 and extrusion piston 1 are all located the next (open mode).Must and spray this moment to die cavity 8 and extruding barrel 2, extrusion piston 1 enforcement cleaning.
2, matched moulds, cast: dynamic model template 4 and cover half 3 are carried out matched moulds, and locked mode, extruding drift 5 carries out pre-matched moulds (promptly navigating to the h position) and locked mode.Meanwhile, in extruding barrel 2, quantitatively inject liquid metal, push barrel 2 then and rise with extrusion piston 1.Lean on the jail with dynamic model template 4, cover half 3, and be communicated with charging aperture 10, ingate 7, locked.
3, type (extruding for the first time) is filled in extruding: start extrusion piston 1 and rise, by charging aperture 10, ingate 7 pushes in the die cavity 8, and carries out pressurize with the liquid metal in the extruding barrel 2.
4, drift forging and pressing (extruding for the second time): treat that liquid metal fills type and finishes.Connect the control computer instruction, extruding drift 5 moves ahead rapidly, further exerting pressure, and pressurize.(note: technology controlling and process requirement drift 5 moves ahead and should be unlikely to drift 5 by dead less than the h distance).Solidify fully under this pressure until foundry goods.
5, die sinking, take out foundry goods: the mould release, extruding barrel 2 and extrusion piston 1 are descending together, retreat to the nextly, and will stay material and release in the extruding barrel 2.Meanwhile, 4 die sinkings of dynamic model template, 5 pumpbacks of extruding drift reset.Allow foundry goods still stay on the dynamic model template 4 this moment, and after this push rod 9 is outside the foundry goods launch mode, and take out.
According to the different requirements of foundry goods, the present invention has the dual liquid template multiple versions such as (extrusion casints) in vertical local double liquid-state forging (extrusion casint), the dual liquid template of vertical integral body (extrusion casint) and horizontal part.Its extruding drift can be single, also can be a plurality of, can be placed in the different parts of cover half and dynamic model template as required.Its extruding first time (promptly being to implement extruding to fill type), be to pour into by following extrusion piston that liquid metal pushes in the mold cavity in the barrel, its second time of extruding is by the extruding drift foundry goods that is full of die cavity and does not solidify fully not only to be implemented forging and pressing (but also claiming to push for the second time) to make foundry goods finer and close, because this extruding drift can be a monoblock type, also can local formula.But also can be multiple spot.The shape of this cover half, dynamic model template and drift, size designs according to foundry goods shape and quality requirement, thereby different according to the difference of foundry goods.Because for the second time be computer-controlled the opportunity of extruding, it can be arranged on the different periods on demand carries out, and can be arranged on the different parts of various different moulds.Use dual Extrution casting technique can more can produce the premium casting of dense structure, no shrinkage porosite, crack defect thus than common Extrution casting technique.