CN1016322B - Centrifugal vortex tube gas segregator - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a gas segregator with a centrifugal vortex tube, which is designed by the singular separation characteristic of pressure gas. The present invention is characterized in that an outlet of a jet nozzle is positioned outside a high-speed centrifugation rotation liquid layer, a vane cascade is arranged near a separation line, and a sound absorption structure with a micropore plate is arranged on the inlet of a diffuser. Therefore, the present invention carries out gas-liquid separation at high centrifugal acceleration under large centrifugal force, and meanwhile provides low temperature gas with low temperature and high temperature gas with high temperature. The separation efficiency of the present invention and the quality of recovery condensate liquid are higher than those of phase separation, the present invention has the advantages of small volume, simple structure, no rotary parts and little maintenance, and most of bulky towers of a process device matched with the present invention can be omitted.

Description

Centrifugal vortex tube gas segregator

The present invention is a kind of centrifugal vortex tube gas segregator that utilizes the unusual heat of dissociation mechanical characteristic of pressed gas and manufacture and design.This separator is mainly used in oil, the refrigeration in the gas industry, and in the liquefaction engineering, it can make band press mist to separate, and reclaims lime set, and swell refrigeration and heat is provided simultaneously.

The scroll isolation technics once caused sensation after World War II, but because its control method also fully is not resolved present slower development.Scroll is to have the pipe of tangent line nozzle of air supply to constitute by one, and when inlet and outlet pressure compared greater than critical pressure ratio, air-flow entered in the scroll and moves under velocity of sound or supersonic speed.When gas rotates at a high speed, can produce the centrifugal force that is equivalent to up to a million times of terrestrial gravitations, because this action of centrifugal force, air-flow is in the whirling motion process, graded on the speed has caused the very big difference on the temperature, thereby make the eddy current central temperature lower than intake air temperature, and eddy current around temperature than intake air temperature height, if the side in scroll import department has a circular hole that is equivalent to the scroll radius size, this circular hole is equivalent to a nuclear one-stage throttling device of scroll end, so, from around the thermal current isolated cold airflow can discharge by this circular hole, under certain air inlet medium and certain flow condition, the cold airflow of discharge is lower 100～320 °F than intake air temperature, and the other end of scroll then can be discharged the thermal current that is equivalent to the above-mentioned temperature difference.Here it is utilizes the unusual vortex tube gas segregator of designing from characteristic of pressed gas.The isolated gaseous products of this separator is overheated, and liquid-phase product was cold, in the product pipeline, does not have two-phase flow, promptly corresponding pipeline, valve, equipment minimum; The liquid storage minimum; There are not rotatable parts; Equipment investment is few; Running cost is low; Compare with turbo-expander, identical separative efficiency can be arranged; Be fit to very much industrial application.But this scroll isolation technics is not also developed at present fully.The gas outlet of present existing centrifugal vortex tube gas segregator nozzle places the annular channel that is full of lime set, the operation of gas band liquid.This situation has not only reduced the speed of jet expansion air-flow, and has influenced separative efficiency, and the cold flow outlet temperature is risen, and its hot-fluid outlet temperature also awaits further raising.

In order to overcome the weak point in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of centrifugal vortex tube gas segregator with eccentric annular channel, the nozzle that adopts pantograph structure on a kind of structure also is provided simultaneously, the purpose that this eccentric annular channel and contraction and enlargement nozzle reached can make the air stream outlet of nozzle place outside the liquid layer of high speed centrifugation rotation, ensure that nozzle gas outlet air velocity is maximum Supersonic state, under bigger centrifugal acceleration, move, thereby further improve the separative efficiency and the lime set quality of gas, make that simultaneously the outlet temperature of cold flow is lower.Hot-fluid outlet and temperature are higher.

Accompanying drawing 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of centrifugal vortex tube gas segregator.

Accompanying drawing 2 is that contraction and enlargement nozzle is positioned at eccentric hoop conduit position view.

Accompanying drawing 3 is that the angular cut negative throat noz(zle) is positioned at eccentric annular channel position view.

Be described further below in conjunction with accompanying drawing: from accompanying drawing 1 as can be seen the eccentric annular channel (18) of centrifugal vortex tube gas segregator be positioned at the entrance point of scroll (16), direct and nozzle (19) intersects, the opposite side of eccentric annular channel is cold flow outlet (20), between eccentric annular channel (18) and scroll (16), be provided with annular channel (10), lime set floss hole (11) and heat-insulating washer (17), the other end of scroll (16) is annular diffuser (14), and the port of export of annular diffuser (14) is the outlet (13) of thermal current.

From accompanying drawing 2, accompanying drawing 3 as can be seen the nozzle of the nozzle of pantograph structure (19) and angular cut tapered configuration all place the maximum groove depth L of eccentric annular channel (18) ₁One side, the distance L of the air stream outlet of nozzle and the circular wall of eccentric annular channel ₃Greater than the dark size L of shallow slot of eccentric annular channel ₂, the dark size L of shallow slot ₂The position at a distance of maximum groove depth size L ₁It is 180 °.

Structure of the present invention is when operation, band presses mist to enter centrifugal vortex tube gas segregator from nozzle (19), when importing and exporting pressure ratio greater than critical value, the supersonic airstream of jet expansion is along eccentric annular channel (18) rotation at a high speed, produce very big centrifugal acceleration and be equivalent to the centrifugal force of millions of times of terrestrial gravitations.Air-flow simultaneously to the center whirling motion, has produced big temperature drop with very big centrifugal acceleration rotation, and its stationary flow (cryogenic gas) is drawn by the cold flow outlet (20) that is positioned at the center.Admixture of gas expansion cooling has produced gas-liquid and has been separated, and meanwhile, under the centrifugal action centrifugal separation processes is taking place again greatly.It is to carry out at gas-liquid interface that scroll separates, and in bigger centrifugal zone, dissolving power diminishes, and the proportion of liquid has occupied leading position.In centrifugal zone, the mist separation more approaches the temperature higher boiling point, rather than carries out under dew point.Scroll separates main by action of centrifugal force.Admixture of gas expands the cooling back by most of lime set that centrifugation produced, and the small part lime set that is separated and is produced, thrown to eccentric conduit around, as the thickness of the high speed centrifugation rotating liquid layer of being close to wall shallow slot L above eccentric conduit ₂During the degree of depth, lime set is overflowed from the dark side of shallow slot, and rotation direction annular channel (10) is discharged by lime set outlet (11) through the separated flow re-heat.Be close to the thickness of the high speed centrifugation rotation lime set layer of wall as can be seen by accompanying drawing 1,2,3, by the dark L of shallow slot ₂Control, like this, the lime set layer maintains a certain distance with the outlet of nozzle all the time, this has just been avoided band liquid operating mode, thereby ensured with bigger centrifugal acceleration, carry out gas-liquid separation under the maximum centrifugal force effect, can obtain the more stationary flow of low temperature simultaneously, cryogenic gas is drawn by cold flow outlet (20).Separate the trough rim flow to the annular channel (10) of flowing through before the scroll and be subjected to damping, produce disturbance, commentaries on classics tear is turbulent flow.The radiations heat energy that turbulence effect produces has improved the hot-fluid temperature and pressure, and hot gas enters annular diffuser (14), can draw the higher overheated gas of temperature by hot-fluid outlet (13).Can find out from above-mentioned explanation and accompanying drawing how the present invention implements.

Compared with prior art, centrifugal vortex tube gas segregator carries out gas-liquid separation with higher centrifugal acceleration under bigger centrifugal force, and the lower cryogenic gas of temperature and the higher overheated gas of temperature are provided simultaneously. Its separative efficiency of centrifugal vortex tube gas segregator and reclaim the lime set quality and be higher than and be separated; Its volume is less than the choke valve of same flow, and is simple in structure, makes easily; There are not rotatable parts (dynamic sealing point), the maintenance capacity minimum; The technological process device supporting with it can save most of tower and a large amount of auxiliary devices such as pipeline valve, so investment cost and producing cost are minimum; It is applicable to little tolerance and high, middle pressure operating mode, this is for the outlying district, oil field, and carry out gas recovery for the stingy amount area of the fragmentary dispersion that does not have gas collection to be worth bigger using value is arranged, when tolerance is big, also can in parallelly use a plurality of centrifugal vortex tube gas segregators. Centrifugal vortex tube gas segregator is for the ideal equipment that reclaims useful constituent from mist with pressure, and from economic angle, technical standpoint is estimated centrifugal vortex tube gas segregator and all had very big application and development value.

Claims (1)

1, a kind of centrifugal vortex tube gas segregator that constitutes by tangential nozzle (19), cold flow outlet (20), annular channel (13), the annular channel (10) of discharging lime set, leakage fluid dram (11), annular diffuser (14) and hot-fluid outlet (13), it is characterized in that the annular channel that intersects with nozzle is a kind of annular channel (18) of eccentric structure, nozzle places the maximum groove depth size of eccentric annular channel L ₁A side, the distance L of the air stream outlet of nozzle and the circular wall of eccentric annular channel ₃Greater than the dark size L of shallow slot of eccentric annular channel ₂, the dark size L of shallow slot ₂The position at a distance of maximum groove depth size L ₁It is 180 °.

Images