CN101624678A - High-toughness boride abrasion resisting metal material and manufacture technology thereof - Google Patents
High-toughness boride abrasion resisting metal material and manufacture technology thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title description 10
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052728 basic metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003818 basic metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000616 Ferromanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N B#[Ti]#B Chemical compound B#[Ti]#B QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910033181 TiB2 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 19
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910001037 White iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 235000016768 molybdenum Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000003245 working effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 3
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 3
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000521 B alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005256 carbonitriding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000712 Boron steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001200 Ferrotitanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005271 boronizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XCNJCXWPYFLAGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium manganese Chemical compound [Cr].[Mn].[Mn].[Mn] XCNJCXWPYFLAGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-toughness boride abrasion resisting metal material and a manufacture process thereof. The strengthening hard phase of the high-toughness boride abrasion resisting metal material is TiB2, Fe2B, BN, and TiN, the volume percentage of the strengthening phase is 15 percent to 22 percent, and the high toughness boride wear resistance metal material comprises the following chemical components by weight percent: 0.10-0.40 percent of C, 1.90-2.6 percent of B, 0.7-1.4 percent ofTi, 1.0-1.6 percent of Cu, 0.5-2.8 percent of Cr, 0.05-0.08 percent off Mg, 0.03-0.25 percent of Ce, 0.04-0.13 percent of K, less than 0.5 percent of Si, less than 0.5 percent to 1.30 percent of Mn , 0.02-0.15 percent of Ca, 0.02-0.18 percent of N, less than 0.03 percent of S, less than 0.04 percent of P, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurity elements. The high-toughness boride abrasion resisting metal material is produced by utilizing an electric furnace. After melting, melt metamorphism treatment outsides the furnace, argon blowing refining treatment, casting and heat treatment, the hardness of the metal material is larger than 55 HRC, the tensile strength is larger than 650 MPa, and the impact toughness is larger than 20 J/cm<2>, therefore, the high-toughness boride abrasion resisting metal material has excellent comprehensive performance, is used for producing metal wear resistance parts, and has favorable use effect and economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal wear resistant material and make the field, relate to a kind of wear resisting steel that contains high boride content, particularly high tenacity boride wear-resistant metal material and manufacturing process thereof.
Background technology
The high-abrasive material of widespread use at present mainly contains three major types: 1. high mangaenese steel; 2. low, interalloy wear resisting steel; 3. rich chromium cast iron.High mangaenese steel is since 1882 come out, and the history in existing more than 100 year becomes traditional high-abrasive material, is widely used.But find that in using practice the wear resistance of high mangaenese steel is with good conditionsi, only impacting under the situation big, that stress is high, abrasive material is hard that high mangaenese steel is just wear-resisting, and its yield strength is low, easily deformable.Therefore, replaced by other high-abrasive material gradually in a lot of fields.
Low, interalloy wear resisting steel is based on silicon, manganese, adds chromium, molybdenum, nickel and other trace element and grows up.Its alloy system is tied to the polynary composite system of chromium-manganese-silicon-molybdenum-nickel-other trace elements of complicated component by the simple single manganese of composition system, silicon system, chromium system, chromium manganese, this material has better strength and toughness, wear resistance under low, the middle shock load is better than high mangaenese steel, but there is the low deficiency of hardening capacity and hardenability, therefore, its wear resistance is lower.
Contain in the rich chromium cast iron tissue and surpass 20% high rigidity eutectic carbides, have excellent abrasive, but have the alloying element content height, the production cost height, and high-temperature heat treatment is yielding and the rimose deficiency.Ordinary white cast iron and low-alloy chilled cast iron carbide hardness are low, and carbide is continuous shape and distributes, and fragility is big, easily peel off in the use even ftracture.Development and Production technology is simple, production cost is low, intensity and the good iron and steel high-abrasive material of new generation of toughness height, hardening capacity and hardenability, reduce galling, be the high-abrasive material industry be devoted to the long-term problem researched and developed always, national economy is had great importance.In the present domestic and international metal wear resistant material of developing, for obdurability and the wear resistance that improves material, usually all to add alloying elements such as nickel, molybdenum, chromium, vanadium, tungsten, continuous increase along with alloying element usage quantitys in ferrous materials such as chromium, molybdenum, nickel, tungsten, vanadium, price rapidly goes up, supply day is becoming tight, and causes common iron and steel high-abrasive material production cost constantly soaring.
Boron is the abundant relatively a kind of element of content in the earth's crust, is the rich element that produces of China, and total storage accounts for the 5th in the world.The boron price is low and stable.It is used as alloying element, can save noble element in a large number, industrial production and national defense construction are all had positive meaning.Discover that in a large number trace B can significantly increase the hardening capacity of structure iron, high temperature steel is had the effect that improves hot strength and creep property, add in stainless steel and the high temperature steel and can improve hot workability.In white cast iron, add all right refining eutectic carbide of trace B, improve the form and the distribution of carbide, improve the white cast iron mechanical property.It is verified in engineering is used, boron adds in the structure iron can replace part or all nickel, chromium, manganese, molybdenum etc., in automotive industry, replace the 40Cr steel with boron steel, be not less than chromium steel its work-ing life, roll with manufacturings such as boron instead of part nickel, chromium, manganese, molybdenums in roll improves 8 times than spheroidal graphite roll its work-ing life, reach the life-span suitable, and cost is lower than rich chromium cast iron with rich chromium cast iron.In recent years, utilize the high rigidity of boride and good thermostability, it with boride the attention that the research of the high-abrasive material of main wear-resisting hard phase is subjected to domestic and international investigation of materials worker day by day, Chinese invention patent CN1086471 has reported with boron to be the hard surfacing electrode of main alloy element, it is core wire that this welding rod adopts H08 soft steel, in coating, add a large amount of norbides and a spot of vanadium, tungsten, niobium, rare earth alloy element, its weight coefficient is 50～100%, the hardness of overlay cladding can reach 65～70HRC, and wear resistance is 17.38 times of quenching 65Mn steel.Be mainly used in scraper plate machine middle trough, turbine blade, blast furnace top bell, worm conveyor blade, drilling rod, brick extruding machine, excavator bucket teeth etc.Chinese invention patent CN1065689 discloses a kind of boriding process of steel surface, and this boriding process is basic salt with carbonitriding liquid, adopts based on the ternary co-osmosized technology of the B-C-N of boronising.The carbonitriding transition layer that broad is arranged under boride layer, microhardness gradient changes slow, the salt bath good fluidity, it is fast that boride forms speed, this technology can be widely used in the surface Hardening Treatment of ferrous materials, and the surface that contains boride that makes steel surface adopt boriding process to obtain has good wear resistance is arranged.In above-mentioned technology, since adopt that bead-welding technology obtains contain the boride wearing layer and the body material bonding strength is lower, cracked even peel off under the gouging abrasion operating mode, and workpiece easily produces distortion in weld deposit process, the boride wearing layer thinner thickness that adopts the surface boronizing treatment process to obtain, be difficult to resist heavily loaded high stress material abrasion, and only be suitable for and miniature workpiece.
In order to obtain to have the metal wear resistant material of excellent toughness and wear resistance, Chinese invention patent CN1624180 discloses a kind of high boron foundry iron base anti-wear alloy and heat treating method thereof, it is characterized in that its main chemical compositions is (weight %): 0.15～0.70C, 0.3～1.9B, 0.3～0.8Cr, 0.4～0.8Si, 0.6～1.3Mn, 0.05～0.20Ce, 0.02～0.10La, 0.005～0.018Ca, 0.04～0.18K, 0.08～0.25Al, S＜0.04, P＜0.04, all the other are Fe; Its heat treating method is: perlite pre-treatment, quenching and tempering, and 760～820 ℃ of perlite pre-treatment Heating temperatures, stove is chilled to less than the cold or air cooling of stove after 500 ℃; Quenching temperature is 960～1050 ℃, is not less than 5 ℃/min with speed of cooling subsequently and cools off fast, and the tempering Heating temperature is 180～400 ℃, subsequently cold the or air cooling of stove; The advantage of this invention is to have increased substantially alloy wear-resisting, reduced the high mangaenese steel that Chrome metal powder add-on, production cost significantly reduce, production technique is simple, equipment interoperability is strong, its over-all properties is better than using always, rich chromium cast iron and low alloy steel significantly, has the high ratio of performance to price.But because the lath martensite that this material is obtained after by thermal treatment adds in the complex tissue that the high rigidity boride forms, boride is continuous net-shaped distribution, makes the fragility of material bigger.For improve the high boron wear-resisting material toughness, Chinese invention patent CN1804091 discloses the toughening method of casting high-boron wear-resistant alloy, the chemical ingredients of material is in this patent: 0.30～0.35C, 1.0～1.5B, 0.6～0.8Si, 0.8～1.0Mn, S＜0.04, P＜0.04, all the other are Fe, Ti, wherein Ti is brought into by the alterant ferrotianium.By 0.75～1% alterant ferro-titanium that in high boron alloy, the adds casting high-boron wear-resistant alloy weight processing of going bad, carrying out malleableize by thermal treatment process then.The malleableize thermal treatment process is: 1020～1050 ℃ of workpiece Heating temperatures, soaking time 2～3 hours is quenched or normalizing then, last tempering.The eutectic boride of the high-boron wear-resistant alloy after patent is isolated shape and is distributed in the matrix, distribute because boride still is block, therefore the fragility of high boron alloy is still bigger, and toughness is not too high, only be 2.5J, can't satisfy under heavy duty, the gouging abrasion operating mode and use.
High-boron low-carbon abrasion resistant die steel has the excellent abrasive energy, but because its flexible deficiency is restricted its application under heavy duty, HI high impact operating mode.The form and the distribution that improve boride are to improve its flexible effective means, meanwhile, improve metal melt purity, crystal grain thinning, high-boron low-carbon abrasion resistant die steel is carried out rotten processing of microalloy of pureization processing and thinning solidification structure, make it reach high obdurability and wear resistance, be to realize High Boron Steel key in application under heavy duty, gouging abrasion operating mode, applying of High Boron Steel had great importance.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to overcome in the above-mentioned prior art not enough, a kind of high tenacity boride wear-resistant metal material and manufacturing process thereof are provided, in low alloy steel, add higher boron, and add an amount of titanium, make the high-content TiB of its synthetic 1.5%-6% in metallic matrix
2+ Fe2B+BN+TiN particle adds trace rare-earth magnesium alloy and metallic cerium, Si
3N
4The composite inoculating nucleating agent of being formed with K, Na basic metal improves the form and the distribution of boride to the alloy processing of going bad, and obtains particulate state TiB
2+ Fe
2B is evenly distributed on the complex tissue on the lath martensite matrix, for reducing gas and non-metallic inclusion content in the metal melt, adopt the tundish bottom to be blown into stirring of inert gas technology to the refining of boride wear-resistant metal material, thereby obtain the metallic substance of high cleanliness, the fragility of boride wear-resistant metal material be can reduce, its intensity and toughness improved.For improving matrix hardening capacity, also add an amount of copper and violent.For improving and improve the anti-temper resistance of boride wear-resistant metal material, in material, added an amount of chromium, and by the malleableize thermal treatment process, make the boride wear-resistant metal material have high strength, high rigidity and toughness and wear resistance preferably, especially toughness is greatly improved, and has satisfied the application of High Boron Steel under heavy duty, gouging abrasion operating mode.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
In the high tenacity boride wear-resistant metal material of the present invention, strengthening phase (TiB
2, Fe
2B and BN, TiN) percent by volume be 15-20%, and the chemical composition design of each element is by weight percentage: 0.10-0.40C%, 1.90-2.6%B, 0.7-1.4%Ti, 1.0-1.6%Cu, 0.5-2.8%Cr, 0.05-0.08%Mg, 0.03-0.25%Ce, 0.04-0.13%K, Si＜0.5%, Mn＜0.5-1.30%, 0.02-0.15%Ca, 0.02-0.18%N, S＜0.03%, P＜0.04%, surplus is Fe and unavoidable impurities element.
The manufacturing technology steps of high tenacity boride wear-resistant metal material of the present invention is:
(1) ordinary scrap steel, copper coin, ferrochrome are melted in electric furnace, the molten clear back of molten steel adds ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, the stokehold be adjusted to branchs qualified after, melt temperature is increased to 1600-1650 ℃, insert aluminium deoxidation, add ferro-boron and ferrotianium then and melt.
(2) when ferro-boron and ferrotianium all after the fusing, will be less than the particulate state magnesium-rare earth below the 12mm and metallic cerium, Si
3N
4Wrap with sheet iron with the composite inoculating nucleating agent that K, Na basic metal are formed, after baking below 200 ℃, be placed on the bottom of ladle, pour the molten steel in the stove into the inoculation that goes bad in the ladle.
(3) metal melt that will cross through bag endomorphism inoculation is blown into argon gas molten steel is stirred by being installed in gas permeable brick at the bottom of the ladle, to remove inclusion and gas, refining molten metal, it is 8MPa～20MPa that argon gas is blown into pressure, argon flow amount is 8L/min～35L/min, argon blowing time is 3min～10min, or directly be blown into nitrogen, make the titanium in nitrogen and the metal melt, boron, the aluminium element reaction generates tiny TiN, BN, AlN particle, thereby further thinning metal solidification texture, improve the metallic substance performance, it is 8MPa～20MPa that nitrogen is blown into pressure, and nitrogen flow is 10L/min～35L/min, and the nitrogen flushing time is 5min～12min.
(4) will pour into foundry goods, 1430-1460 ℃ of melt cast temperature through the metal melt that bag endomorphism inoculation and Argon or nitrogen flushing were handled;
(5) after the casting finish, 920-980 ℃ the insulation 2-4 hour, oil cooling carries out temper at 180-220 ℃ then, tempering insulation time 6-10 hour, with the stove air cooling to room temperature.
Beneficial effect
The present invention compared with prior art has following significant advantage:
1) high tenacity boride wear-resistant metal material of the present invention, enhanced granule is TiB mutually
2, Fe
2B and BN, TiN particle wild phase, hardness reaches 2960-3110Hv and 1430-1480Hv respectively, and Heat stability is good, does not soften after the high-temperature heat treatment, does not decompose.
2) high tenacity boride wear-resistant metal material of the present invention is used common electrosmelting, and technology is easy, does not contain alloying elements such as expensive W, V, Ni, Mo in the material, and production cost is low.
3) high tenacity boride wear-resistant metal material of the present invention after heat treatment, matrix changes the good lath martensite of obdurability into, material has the hardness height, characteristics such as intensity, toughness and wear resistance are good, wherein hardness is greater than 55HRC, and tensile strength is greater than 650Mpa, and impelling strength is greater than 20J/cm
2
4) high tenacity boride wear-resistant metal material of the present invention uses in the wear-resistant material field, and improve 2-4 doubly than high mangaenese steel work-ing life, suitable with high-chromium white cast iron, and production cost reduces more than 30% than rich chromium cast iron, has good economic benefit.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described to formulate the embodiment that foundation and contriver provide below in conjunction with the chemical ingredients of high tenacity boride wear-resistant metal material of the present invention and each element.
Because TiB
2, Fe
2B and BN, TiN, particle wild phase hardness height reaches 2960-3110Hv and 1430-1480Hv respectively, and Heat stability is good, does not soften after the high-temperature heat treatment, does not decompose.Therefore high tenacity boride wear-resistant metal material of the present invention is selected TiB for use
2, Fe
2B and BN, TiN are the wild phase particle, and the wild phase grain volume fraction is controlled at 15-22%.
In order to guarantee that the wild phase particle is TiB
2, Fe
2Therefore B and BN, TiN, and volume fraction is 15-20%, be controlled at 1.9-2.6% with the weight percent of B, and the weight percent of Ti is controlled at 0.7-1.4%; Adding small amount of carbon is in order to obtain the lath martensite matrix of obdurability after the thermal treatment; Add chromium and can partly enter boride, improve the stability of boride, part enters matrix, improves the hardening capacity and the temper resistance of boride wear-resistant metal material; Adding amount of copper is in order to improve matrix hardening capacity; Add N and be for steel in Ti, B chemical combination generate dystectic TiN and BN, and have very low mismatch between TiN and γ-Te lattice, so an intensive promotion forming core, can become crystallization nuclei, make the as cast metal grain refining, help the refinement and the uniform distribution of boride, this process using Si
3N
4As nitrogenous material, utilize Si
3N
4The nitrogen that is produced when decomposing in high temperature can also add nitrogen to material by being blown into nitrogen in the ladle as nitrogenous source simultaneously as major nitrogen source; Add micro-cerium and help improving the as cast condition crystal structure, crystal grain thinning, purification crystal boundary, removal detrimental impurity, the toughness of raising cast steel; Add an amount of calcium in the steel and can strengthen deoxidizing capacity, calcium has remarkable effect to inclusion in the iron and steel solution rotten, strip sulfide inclusion in the boride wear-resistant metal material can be changed into globular CaS is mingled with, can be used as the heterogeneous core of eutectic boride, promote the formation of boride particle, and can significantly reduce sulphur gathering partially at crystal boundary; The primary crystal Tc and the eutectic crystallization temperature of boride wear-resistant metal material can obviously fall in the potassium that adds trace, helps molten steel cold excessively at liquidus line and eutectic area, and nucleation rate is increased greatly; Adding micro-rare earth magnesium is for thinning microstructure, improves boride form and distribution, improves the over-all properties of boride wear-resistant metal material.
The thermal treatment of boride wear-resistant metal material mainly is in order to obtain the good martensitic matrix of wear resistance, and high-temperature heat treatment helps promoting the granulating of boride, and makes the wedge angle passivation of eutectic boride, promotes austenitic transformation, thereby improves the toughness of material.Quenching temperature is too high, is prone to the retained austenite of soft in the quenching structure, and has increased energy consumption, has prolonged heat treatment cycle, has increased production cost.The boride wear-resistant metal material selects 920-980 ℃ of insulation after 2-4 hour, can obtain to inlay on the martensitic matrix complex tissue of granular boride, makes material have good obdurability and wear resistance.After the oil quenchinng of boride wear-resistant metal material, carry out temper at 180-220 ℃ then, tempering insulation time 6-10 hour, to room temperature, mainly is for stabilizing tissue with the stove air cooling, eliminates quenching stress, prevent the material cracking, simultaneously, by adjusting tempering temperature, can obtain the good boride wear-resistant metal material of over-all properties.
The embodiment that provides below in conjunction with the contriver describes in further detail the present invention:
Embodiment:
(1) ordinary scrap steel, copper coin, ferrochrome are melted in electric furnace, the molten clear back of molten steel adds ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, the stokehold be adjusted to branchs qualified after, melt temperature is increased to 1600-1650 ℃, insert aluminium deoxidation, add ferro-boron and ferrotianium then and melt.
(2) when ferro-boron and ferrotianium all after the fusing, will be less than the particulate state magnesium-rare earth below the 12mm and metallic cerium, Si
3N
4Wrap with sheet iron with the composite inoculating nucleating agent that K, Na basic metal are formed, after baking below 200 ℃, be placed on the bottom of ladle, pour the molten steel in the stove into the inoculation that goes bad in the ladle.
(3) metal melt that will cross through bag endomorphism inoculation is blown into argon gas molten steel is stirred by being installed in gas permeable brick at the bottom of the ladle, to remove inclusion and gas, refining molten metal, it is 8MPa～20MPa that argon gas is blown into pressure, argon flow amount is 8L/min～35L/min, argon blowing time is 3min～10min, also can directly be blown into nitrogen and make titanium in nitrogen and the metal melt, boron, the aluminium element reaction, generate tiny TiN, BN, the AIN particle, thereby further thinning metal solidification texture improves the metallic substance performance, and it is 8MPa～20MPa that nitrogen is blown into pressure, nitrogen flow is 10L/min～35L/min, and the nitrogen flushing time is 5min～12min.
(4) will pour into foundry goods, 1430-1460 ℃ of melt cast temperature through the metal melt that go bad in the bag inoculation and Argon, nitrogen flushing were handled;
(5) after the casting finish, 920-980 ℃ the insulation 2-4 hour, oil cooling carries out temper at 180-220 ℃ then, tempering insulation time 6-10 hour, with the stove air cooling to room temperature.
The chemical ingredients of each element sees Table 1 in the high tenacity boride wear-resistant metal material, S＜0.030 wherein, and P＜0.04, material property sees Table 2.
The chemical ingredients of each element (weight percent %) in the table 1 boride wear-resistant metal material
| Embodiment | ??C | ??B | ??Ti | ??Cr | ??Cu | ??Si | ??Mn | ??Mg | ??Ce | ??K | ??N | ??Ca | ??Fe |
| ??1 | ??0.09 | ??2.49 | ??1.08 | ??0.55 | ??1.57 | ??0.27 | ??0.33 | ??0.08 | ??0.40 | ??0.06 | ??0.04 | ??0.02 | Surplus |
| ??2 | ??0.28 | ??1.92 | ??1.19 | ??0.76 | ??1.20 | ??0.24 | ??0.35 | ??0.05 | ??0.59 | ??0.08 | ??0.06 | ??0.05 | Surplus |
| ??3 | ??0.17 | ??2.35 | ??0.86 | ??1.5 | ??1.29 | ??029 | ??0.24 | ??0.07 | ??0.65 | ??0.12 | ??0.10 | ??0.07 | Surplus |
| ??4 | ??0.25 | ??2.28 | ??0.97 | ??2.8 | ??1.44 | ??0.32 | ??0.28 | ??0.06 | ??0.48 | ??0.13 | ??0.13 | ??0.12 | Surplus |
Table 2 boride wear-resistant metal material mechanical property
| Embodiment | Hardness, HRC | Tensile strength, MPa | Impelling strength, J/cm 2 |
| ??1 | ??56.9 | ??674.8 | ??21.9 |
| ??2 | ??55.7 | ??688.3 | ??23.5 |
| ??3 | ??55.5 | ??680.6 | ??23.9 |
| ??4 | ??56.2 | ??677.5 | ??22.7 |
Get tup and liner plate that high tenacity boride wear-resistant metal material of the present invention is made, on crusher and ball mill, the use of installing, the result is as follows: tup and liner plate that high tenacity boride wear-resistant metal material of the present invention is made, improve 2-4 doubly than high mangaenese steel its work-ing life, suitable with high-chromium white cast iron, but production cost reduces more than 30% than rich chromium cast iron.High tenacity boride wear-resistant metal material production technique of the present invention is simple, and raw material sources are abundant, do not contain valuable alloying element, and low production cost is applied and had good economic and social benefit.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of high tenacity boride wear-resistant metal material and manufacturing process thereof is characterized in that strengthening phase is TiB
2, Fe
2B and BN, TiN, its percent by volume is 15-22%, the chemical ingredients of its each element of metallic substance is by weight percentage: 0.10-0.40C%, 1.90-2.6%B, 0.7-1.4%Ti, 1.0-1.6%Cu, 0.5-2.8%Cr, 0.05-0.08%Mg, 0.03-0.25%Ce, 0.04-0.13%K, Si＜0.5%, Mn＜0.5-1.30%, 0.02-0.15%Ca, 0.02-0.18%N, S＜0.03%, P＜0.04%, surplus are Fe and unavoidable impurities element.
2, high tenacity boride wear-resistant metal material as claimed in claim 1 and manufacturing process thereof is characterized in that adopting electrosmelting production, and its processing step is:
(1) ordinary scrap steel, copper coin, ferrochrome are melted in electric furnace, the molten clear back of molten steel adds ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, the stokehold be adjusted to branchs qualified after, melt temperature is increased to 1600-1650 ℃, insert aluminium deoxidation, add ferro-boron and ferrotianium then and melt.
(2) when ferro-boron and ferrotianium all after the fusing, will be less than the particulate state magnesium-rare earth below the 12mm and metallic cerium, Si
3N
4Wrap with sheet iron with the composite inoculating nucleating agent that K, Na basic metal are formed, after baking below 200 ℃, be placed on the bottom of ladle, pour the molten steel in the stove into the inoculation that goes bad in the ladle.
(3) metal melt that will cross through bag endomorphism inoculation is blown into argon gas molten steel is stirred by being installed in gas permeable brick at the bottom of the ladle, to remove inclusion and gas, refining molten metal, it is 8MPa～20MPa that argon gas is blown into pressure, argon flow amount is 8L/min～35L/min, argon blowing time is 3min～10min, also can directly be blown into nitrogen and make titanium in nitrogen and the metal melt, boron, the aluminium element reaction, generate tiny TiN, BN, the AIN particle, thereby further thinning metal solidification texture improves the metallic substance performance, and it is 8MPa～20MPa that nitrogen is blown into pressure, nitrogen flow is 10L/min～35L/min, and the nitrogen flushing time is 5min～12min.
(4) will pour into foundry goods, 1430-1460 ℃ of melt cast temperature through the metal melt that bag endomorphism inoculation and Argon, nitrogen flushing were handled;
(5) after the casting finish, 920-980 ℃ the insulation 2-4 hour, oil cooling carries out temper at 180-220 ℃ then, tempering insulation time 6-10 hour, with the stove air cooling to room temperature.
3, high tenacity boride wear-resistant metal material as claimed in claim 1 and manufacturing process thereof is characterized in that adding nitrogen process using Si
3N
4As the N source material in the material, perhaps adopt in ladle, to be blown into nitrogen, so that metallic substance is added nitrogen as nitrogenous source.
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