CN101624229B

CN101624229B - Hybrid Electrode Capacitive Deionization Device

Info

Publication number: CN101624229B
Application number: CN2008101356677A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 薛立人; 李皞白
Original assignee: Gainia Intellectual Asset Services Inc
Current assignee: Gainia Intellectual Asset Services Inc
Priority date: 2008-07-09
Filing date: 2008-07-09
Publication date: 2011-06-08
Anticipated expiration: 2028-07-09
Also published as: CN101624229A

Abstract

Capacitive deionization device (CDI) is a technology that can perform functions such as water purification, wastewater recycling treatment and seawater desalination without the use of membranes and chemicals. The key component of the capacitive deionization device is the flow-through capacitor (FTC), because the electrostatic field formed in the flow-through capacitor can retain ionic pollutants in the water body. The flow-through capacitor of the present invention is composed of a plurality of unipolar electrodes and a plurality of bipolar electrodes, and a plurality of through holes are provided on each electrode. The arrangement pattern can make the water flow produce a certain flow rate and retention time to achieve the best use efficiency of the electrodes.

Description

The capacitor deionizing instrument of mixed type electrodes

Technical field

The invention relates to a kind of circulated capacitor (Flow Through Capacitor that can carry out water treatment by surface adsorption ionic mode; FTC) monomer structure.In detail, the present invention utilizes a kind of electrical condenser framework to reduce total dissolved solids (Total Dissolved Solids in the water; TDS), wherein this electrical condenser framework is made up of a plurality of unipolarity electrodes and a plurality of bipolar electrode, and by this framework, in the charging electrode formed electrostatic field can current by the time planar water in contained ion.

Background technology

Seawater is a surface water the most plentiful on the earth, but owing to includes the salt of high concentration and from the multiple pollutent of land or surface navigation ship, therefore also be the most difficult water source that purifies to drinking water standard.With regard to commercial size, (especially multistage flash evaporation method (MSF) is two kinds of desalination technologies that the most widely use for reverse osmosis (RO) and distillation method.The advantage of reverse osmosis is technology maturation, popularization height and price parization, and shortcoming then is that water rate of recovery scope on the low side, on the low side to the resistibility of tensio-active agent or the like chemicals and working temperature is on the low side.Though as for the advantage of multistage flash evaporation method and other distillation method then be feeding water composition why, the required energy-output ratio of the clean water of its output certain volume and high cleanliness fishery products is all identical.But all heat treating process all have the higher and highly energy-consuming of equipment cost or the like shortcoming, and for example only the power consumption of MSF recycle pump itself just surpasses the overall operation power consumption of seawater reverse osmosis method (SWRO).Yet reverse osmosis and multistage flash evaporation method must be carried out the regeneration of key member with chemicals, so all can produce secondary pollution; Above-mentioned key member is meant porous-film, and the condenser of multistage flash evaporation method (and boiler) of reverse osmosis.

With regard to power consumption and secondary pollution, capacitive deionization technology (CDI) is a kind of technology that desalts that is better than reverse osmosis and multistage flash evaporation method.Capacitive deionization technology and multistage flash evaporation method similarity are " no matter the composition of feeding water, all can be handled why "; Meaning is that capacitive deionization technology and multistage flash evaporation method all do not need feeding water is carried out complicated pre-process; But if use the reverse osmosis rule that this necessity is arranged, otherwise reverse osmosis membrane will thereby damage.The pre-process of reverse osmosis not only need be used chemicals but also increases power consumption, thereby produces secondary pollution.The capacitive deionization technology then is to utilize a direct current low voltage, adsorbed ion from the current that pass its key member that is a flow-thru electrode container.The process of capacitive deionization technology adsorbed ion is the process of charging of electrical condenser, and its speed is fast and power consumption is few.When the fishery products of production equal volume, identical water quality, the power consumption of capacitive deionization technology only the seawater reverse osmosis method 1/3rd.Therefore, in above three kinds of technology that desalt, the power consumption of capacitive deionization technology is minimum.In addition, the regeneration operation after the circulated capacitor module is saturated is an easy electrical condenser discharge process, and it not only disengages can be for the electric power of directly taking, the valuable ion that also disengages in a state of nature and can supply to reclaim.Therefore, the capacitive deionization technology not only can be used for producing fresh water, in fact is one to contain the water technology of value added.

The capacitive deionization technology has been come out and has been exceeded 30 years, for example at United States Patent (USP) the 3rd, 515, No. 664 and the 3rd, 658, has just disclosed this technology in No. 674.And in the past in 20 years the capacitive deionization technology actively promoted, be as the intravital ionic adsorption media of a sheet frame assembly list, and with this basic design with carbon aerogels as circulated capacitor.For example, prior art can be seen in United States Patent (USP) the 5th, 192, and No. 432, the 5th, 425, No. 858, the 6th, 096, No. 179, the 6th, 309, No. 532 and the 6th, 569, No. 298 etc. all is as the intravital ionic adsorption media of a sheet frame assembly list with carbon aerogels.In addition, circulated capacitor also can use other sorbent material, and for example United States Patent (USP) the 4th, 072, No. 596 employed metal oxide catalyst, the 6th, 410, No. 128 employed graphite of United States Patent (USP), and the 6th, 462, No. 935 employed activated carbon of United States Patent (USP).In various ionic adsorption media, with the most suitable circulated capacitor of activated carbon, this is can low-cost provide bigger surface-area because of activated carbon.

In addition, liquid flow path (liquid flow path) in the circulated capacitor and flow pattern (flowpattern) are the important factors of other two decision circulated capacitor running usefulness, and its importance is equally matched with the absorption material.The sheet frame monomer of prior art is to use a snakelike flow pattern, and 0.05 centimeter the electrode gap of arranging in pairs or groups.Yet its stream is long partially, and the gap is less than normal, is unfavorable for that liquid passes through circulated capacitor; And not only can produce pressure and fall, cross staining also takes place when circulated capacitor is reseted unavoidably in the stage of desalting of capacitive deionization operation.Except that above-mentioned shortcoming, as United States Patent (USP) the 5th, 192, No. 432 and the 6th, 462, No. 935 described, and the cake scroll circulated capacitor for preparing with concentric coiling method still has current to flow into the problem of the cylindrical runner of this circulated capacitor in equally distributed mode.Comprehensive speech, flow velocity is low, the electrode service efficiency is low and circulated capacitor regeneration operation water wasting consuming time, all causes the capacitive deionization technology can't become a feasible commercial water technology.

Aforesaid all circulated capacitors all only constitute monomer whose with the unipolarity electrode.In other words, each electrode in the flow-thru electrode container assembly all is connected to a direct current power supply, causes each electrode all only to have single polarity (negative or positive electrode), and this also is referred to as the reason of unipolarity electrode.In the plate frame structure of a circulated capacitor, this circulated capacitor module is by surpassing 100 pairs of positive and negative plate electrodes, that is surpasses 100 monomer series-connected forming.If the required operating voltage of a monomer is 2V, the required operating voltage of then whole folded monomer surpasses 200V, and it not only has danger, also will be electrically connected complicated.On the other hand, no matter its module size size of cake scroll circulated capacitor, owing to only form by a pair of positive and negative electrode, so only have single monomer.Therefore, the integrated operation voltage of cake scroll circulated capacitor can be low to moderate 2V, and so its total actuating current is linearly proportional with the active electrode area.

Prior art is according to traditional electrical condenser theory, dwindles electrode gap emphatically, the phase make thereby the electrostatic field intensity that forms more better so that in single circulation, remove maximum ions.Yet, if desire produces the last one electrostatic field, not only need narrow and small electrode gap, also need apply enough electric power.For producing an effective and powerful electrostatic field, the invention provides a kind of be provided with unipolarity electrode and bipolar electrode simultaneously mix configuration circulated capacitor module, the phase reaches the optimum balance state of operating voltage and working current.In the process of desalting, though be to supply a constant voltage to circulated capacitor by a power supply, actual working current depends on the composition of feeding water and the kinetics of ionic adsorption.If in a constant current value, not only charge rate is restricted with this power settings, strength of electric field also will weaken.Therefore, the present invention utilizes ultracapacitor that the electric current of " not limited " is provided, to strengthen the common electric field that forms by executed voltage and circulated capacitor framework institute.In addition, the present invention also provides the flow pattern of a uniqueness for circulated capacitor, and it can improve the output of capacitive deionization technology, and further pushes the capacitive deionization technology to commercial applications.

Summary of the invention

As previously mentioned, a main purpose of the present invention is to disclose a kind of circulated capacitor, and it comprises a plurality of stacked electrodes and forms, to form the circulated capacitor module that can make fresh water by ion adsorption.

A main purpose more of the present invention is to disclose a kind of circulated capacitor module, and it can make the circulated capacitor module can remove maximum ions in the single treatment process by a suitable power supply is provided.

A main purpose more of the present invention is to disclose a kind of circulated capacitor module, can be by punch positions different on each stacked electrodes, with the hydrokinetics optimizing of current in the circulated capacitor.

It is at least one ultracapacitor of configuration in the circulated capacitor module that the present invention also has a main purpose, to reduce energy cost and to shorten cycling time of capacitive deionization operation.

Based on above-mentioned many purposes, the invention provides a kind of circulated capacitor module (FTC), comprise: a battery lead plate stacked structure, this battery lead plate stacked structure is to be alternated to dispose by a plurality of first battery lead plates and a plurality of second battery lead plate to form, the edge that wherein disposes formed one first pattern of a plurality of perforation and each first battery lead plate on each first battery lead plate disposes O shape ring, and the edge that disposes formed one second pattern of a plurality of perforation and each second battery lead plate on each second battery lead plate disposes O shape ring; One locked instrument is top and the bottom that is disposed at the battery lead plate stacked structure, in order to locking battery lead plate stacked structure; Wherein a superiors' battery lead plate of battery lead plate stacked structure and an orlop battery lead plate are connected with one first polar electrode, and an intermediate electrode plate of stacked structure is connected with one second polar electrode, and first polarity and this second polarity are opposite polarity.

The present invention then provides a kind of water treatment device, formed by a flow-thru electrode container module and a direct current potential source, the top of this circulated capacitor module is connected the circulated capacitor module with a water feed apparatus bottom then is connected with a discharging device, the feature of circulate among capacitor module comprises: a battery lead plate stacked structure, this battery lead plate stacked structure is to be alternated to dispose by a plurality of first battery lead plates and a plurality of second battery lead plate to form, the edge that wherein disposes formed one first pattern of a plurality of perforation and each first battery lead plate on each first battery lead plate disposes O shape ring, and the edge that disposes formed one second pattern of a plurality of perforation and each second battery lead plate on each this second battery lead plate disposes O shape ring; One locked instrument is top and the bottom that is disposed at the battery lead plate stacked structure, in order to locking battery lead plate stacked structure; Wherein a superiors' battery lead plate of battery lead plate stacked structure and an orlop battery lead plate are connected with one first polar electrode, and an intermediate electrode plate of stacked structure is connected with one second polar electrode, and first polarity and this second polarity are opposite polarity.

The present invention then provides a kind of water treatment device again, be by a flow-thru electrode container module, a plurality of electrochemical capacitance devices, an one direct current potential source and a control device are formed, the circulate among capacitor module forms with a little electrochemical capacitance devices and is connected in parallel, and the top of the container module of should switching on is connected with a water feed apparatus and the bottom of circulated capacitor module is connected with a discharging device, and control device is connected with a plurality of electrochemical capacitance devices in order to two electrochemical capacitance devices of control replace charging and discharge at least, wherein water treatment device is characterised in that this circulated capacitor module comprises: a battery lead plate stacked structure, this battery lead plate stacked structure is to be alternated to dispose by a plurality of first battery lead plates and a plurality of second battery lead plate to form, the edge that wherein disposes formed one first pattern of a plurality of perforation and each first battery lead plate on each first battery lead plate disposes O shape ring, and the edge that disposes formed one second pattern of a plurality of perforation and each second battery lead plate on each this second battery lead plate disposes O shape ring; One locked instrument is top and the bottom that is disposed at the battery lead plate stacked structure, in order to locking battery lead plate stacked structure; Wherein a superiors' battery lead plate of battery lead plate stacked structure and an orlop battery lead plate are connected with one first polar electrode, and an intermediate electrode plate of stacked structure is connected with one second polar electrode, and first polarity and this second polarity are opposite polarity.

Description of drawings

For making the auditor can the object, the technical characteristics and the effect of the present invention, do further understanding and understand, below enumerate embodiment and conjunction with figs., describe in detail as after, wherein:

Figure 1A is the synoptic diagram of hole distributing style on the battery lead plate in the circulated capacitor of the present invention.

Figure 1B is the synoptic diagram of hole distributing style on another battery lead plate in the circulated capacitor of the present invention.

Fig. 1 C is the synoptic diagram after the pattern stack that hole is lined up on the battery lead plate shown in Figure 1A of the present invention and Figure 1B.

Fig. 1 D is the present invention is provided with O shape ring at the periphery of battery lead plate a synoptic diagram.

Fig. 2 is the electrode stack stack structure synoptic diagram of circulated capacitor of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the synoptic diagram of circulated capacitor module of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is total dissolved solids change curve and the whole dissolved solids clearance that shows when seawater desalts operation via the circulated capacitor module.

Fig. 5 is total dissolved solids change curve and the whole dissolved solids clearance that shows when tap water softens operation via the circulated capacitor module.

Fig. 6 shows an automatization capacitive deionization formula water treatment system.

Embodiment

The preferred embodiment of circulated capacitor of the present invention below will be described, the circulate among electrical condenser is to use the configuration of mixing that has unipolarity electrode and bipolar electrode concurrently.

Referring to Figure 1A, show the formed battery lead plate 100A of titanium (Ti) substrate among the figure with activated carbon coating as the ionic adsorption media, the hole 110A on the battery lead plate 100A is with geometric arrangements, particularly uses the concentric ring mode to arrange.In an embodiment of the present invention, no matter the size of this battery lead plate 100A why, and the hole 110A total area on the battery lead plate 100A should be in 5% to 20% scope of the total geometric area of battery lead plate 100A, is preferably in 7% to 15% the scope.Under this prerequisite, hole 110A can adopt any form, and arranges by any way, and the battery lead plate 100A shown in Figure 1A then is a preferred embodiment of the present invention.Simultaneously, the quantity and the spacing of the diameter of the hole on each battery lead plate 100A, the quantity of hole and annulus all need be decided on the target value of output and product cleanliness.Before reality forms the required hole of every application, can utilize earlier mathematic(al) mode determine on the electrode opening the pattern that should line up.In addition, Figure 1B be show another sheet have the formed battery lead plate 100B of titanium-base of activated carbon coating and position a plurality of hole 110B thereon another preferred embodiment of vivid annular array pattern.

To emphasize earlier that at this two of battery lead plate 100A/100B kinds of hole Pareto diagrams are two kinds of essential characteristics that constitute circulated capacitor module of the present invention shown in Figure 1A and Figure 1B.In circulated capacitor module of the present invention, be that battery lead plate 100A/100B shown in Figure 1A and Figure 1B is formed with mutual stack manner.Though the aperture position of battery lead plate 100A/100B has nothing in common with each other shown in Figure 1A and Figure 1B, but be provided with face-to-face in the formed stacked structure at two battery lead plate 100A/100B thus, the area that can't use as electric capacity will be the twice of each electrode hole area, this is because only the space between two parallel pole solid surface can provide electric capacity, and with this as absorption in the capacitive deionization operation or remove the ionic basis, therefore, opening 110A/110B on battery lead plate 100A/100B gets over for a long time, and the ability of circulated capacitor treating water is just more little.So in an embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable setting that the port area of unitary electrode plate accounts for 7% to 15% of this electrode area.

Then, please refer to Fig. 1 C, it is that a plurality of battery lead plate 100A/100B shown in Figure 1A and Figure 1B are overlapped into a circulated capacitor module, so but the kenel a group arrange by hole and form and concentric ring that spacing equates, shown in Fig. 1 C.Will illustrate that at this hole after Fig. 1 C is actually battery lead plate 100A/100B piled up is arranged the schematic top plan view of assembly, its main purpose is demonstrating staggered hole ring on the adjacent electrode.Because each hole is the predetermined distance that staggers, therefore, desire is accepted liquid that capacitive deionization handles and must can be piled up the assembly from circulated capacitor with the staggered hole of continuous S-shaped wind through and flow out.Pending liquid can be through the flow pattern of wriggling thus, uniform mixing and distribution in circulated capacitor.In addition, because liquid can flow along either direction, but also effective wetting electrode of this design.Any adjacent two row openings all should keep suitable spacing because this spacing will determine the liquid-flow distance, and then influence flow velocity, residence time, and circulated capacitor regeneration operation in the flushing difficulty.

In addition, be equipped with O shape ring 130 at the periphery of every battery lead plate 100A/100B shown in Figure 1A and Figure 1B, shown in Fig. 1 D, its effect is when battery lead plate piles up resultant current energising container module, in order to the edge of sealed electrical pole plate.This O shape ring 130 can be selected from the rubber such as terpolymer EP rubber (EPDM), poly-silica, amido formate or polypropylene (PP), its thickness then is 0.6 to 1 millimeter, and the external diameter of ring is greater than the diameter of battery lead plate 100A/100B shown in Figure 1A and Figure 1B, internal diameter is then less than the diameter of battery lead plate 100A/100B shown in Figure 1A and Figure 1B, and the difference in inside and outside footpath is the width of this O shape ring 130.Liquid to be handled when circulated capacitor module of the present invention, 0.3 millimeter of thickness or above titanium-base battery lead plate (that is current collector) can be selected for use as circulated capacitor with any chemical property.Yet, when the circulated capacitor module is used to handle the liquid of low chlorine content, also can select the battery lead plate of the stainless steel of 316,314 or 304 grades for use, to reduce the equipment cost of capacitive deionization system as circulated capacitor.

Then, as shown in Figure 2, be to show a plurality of battery lead plate 100A/100B vertical stacks shown in Figure 1A and Figure 1B are built up a battery lead plate stacked structure 215.As shown in Figure 2, battery lead plate stacked structure 215 is to be piled up by 21 battery lead plate 100A/100B shown in Figure 1A and Figure 1B to form, and the 1st apex electrode 215A in this battery lead plate stacked structure 215 and the 21st bottom electrode 215B be decided to be positive electrode, the 11st contre electrode 215C then is decided to be negative potential; Or be decided to be negative potential with the 1st with the 21st plate electrode, the 11st plate electrode then is decided to be positive electrode.Each selected electrode of above-mentioned warp is equipped with an entity apparatus 150, and for example one is positioned at the lug of electrode edge, so that each electrode is connected to the two poles of the earth of external electric potential source.

Then, please continue with reference to shown in Figure 3, be the synoptic diagram of circulated capacitor of the present invention.As shown in Figure 3, apex electrode 215A in the battery lead plate stacked structure 215 of circulated capacitor module 200 and bottom electrode 215B are the positive poles that is connected to the direct current potential source, contre electrode 215C then is connected to the negative pole of direct current potential source, thus, this three plate electrode just becomes unipolarity electrode (indicating with positive sign 201 and negative sign 202 respectively in the drawings), and circulated capacitor module 200 also thereby have two folded subgroups that the equal amts electrode is arranged.The two ends of each subgroup all respectively are provided with a unipolarity electrode, form a pair of positive and negative electrode, then are other nine battery lead plate 100A/100B (also can be described as battery lead plate between two parties) that alternately are provided with hole patterns shown in Figure 1A and Figure 1B therebetween.Battery lead plate 100A/100B is not provided with the entity apparatus 150 that can be connected to the direct current potential source between two parties, but the current potential and that puts on apex electrode 215A and bottom electrode 215B passes the conductive liquid of these electrodes (because of liquid includes ion), the one side of battery lead plate 100A/100B becomes positive electrode with making respectively between two parties, and another side becomes negative potential.Clearly, the 100A/100B of battery lead plate between two parties of the present invention has the effect of bipolar junctor in fact, its totally 11 plate electrodes (wherein two unipolarity electrodes and nine bipolar electrodes) of can connecting.

With regard to electrical connection, circulated capacitor module 200 is made up of two subgroups that respectively contain 11 series connection electrodes, and this two subgroup is then because of sharing central unipolarity electrode 215C, so form configuration in parallel.Therefore, in the disclosed circulated capacitor module 200 of the present invention, in fact contain between placed in-line two subgroups and this two subgroup and can form parallel connection more again, contain series connection and hybrid circulated capacitor module 200 (Hybrid Polar FTC) in parallel so become one.In addition, circulated capacitor module 200 also can be made of the electrode that is different from above-mentioned quantity.Same, also can make unipolarity number of electrodes in the circulated capacitor module 200 more than above-mentioned three, and can selectively make the circulated capacitor subgroup have the electrod-array of longer or shorter series connection and coexistence in parallel.

According to physics, placed in-line electrode the more, required operating voltage is just high more, but actuating current is then low more.Opposite, electrode in parallel is many more, and required actuating current is just high more, but operating voltage is then low more.So under situation in parallel, electrode is the unipolarity electrode, and each electrode all need be connected to potential source.Thus, it is many that the quantity of tie point also will become, and expends more materials, thereby improve the whole cost and the complexity of capacitive deionization system.If circulated capacitor module adopt has the configuration of mixing of unipolarity electrode and bipolar electrode concurrently, will help to average out between operating voltage, actuating current, equipment cost and area occupied in the design of capacitive deionization system.

Please continue with reference to figure 3, circulated capacitor module 200 need not used shell, be to utilize screw thread 205 and nut 207 extruding top metal ring 209 and bottom metal rings 217 during manufacturing, so that 21 electrode, 21 O shapes ring or 21 distance pieces shown in Figure 1A and Figure 1B firmly are pressed together between a thick polypropylene board 211 in top and the thick polypropylene board 213 in bottom, wherein be equipped with an O shape on each electrode and encircle and a distance piece (not showing distance piece among Fig. 2).In addition, a water inlet 220, a water outlet 240 and each other pipeline thereof then are a top and bottoms that is attached to circulated capacitor module 200 respectively.After circulated capacitor module 200 is made, must check to have or not and leak or short circuit.In addition, three steel legs 260 are to be attached to circulated capacitor module 200 bottoms, with 200 runnings of circulated capacitor module.Be stressed that especially, present embodiment can be optionally on each electrode and contiguous O shape ring place, dispose a distance piece, this distance piece can be the form that adopts fine-structure mesh, net, screen cloth, sieve or reticulation, its material is plastics, for example nylon, polypropylene or amido formate, thickness then is 0.5 to 0.8 millimeter, its effect is to prevent short circuit and constitute and can pass the channel of circulated capacitor module 200 for the liquid of accepting to handle.

Another preferred embodiment of the present invention is that a plurality of circulated capacitor modular units (promptly not comprising water-in 220, water outlet 240 and steel leg 260 among Fig. 3) are incorporated in the shell by polypropylene or other plastic pipe, to form one volume is little but the circulated capacitor pipe (not showing in figure) that function is various.Clearly, when disposing three circulated capacitor modular units in the circulated capacitor pipe, then processing power/the capacity of circulated capacitor pipe will be three times of single circulated capacitor.Therefore, can be under reasonably size and weight, constitute a flow-thru electrode container tube with the circulated capacitor of different quantities.In addition, still can be according to capacity and total output target of circulated capacitor pipe, the circulated capacitor pipe of desired number is arranged in multigroup is connected mutually and array in parallel, just like the arrangement mode of traditional reverse osmosis membrane pipe, to constitute a capacitive deionization system that meets the requirements and can use.

Have in the circulated capacitor pipe that three circulated capacitor modular units are formed above-mentioned, connected with the insertion pipe that polypropylene or other plastic material are made, and the electrode that each circulated capacitor modular unit has as shown in Figure 3 separately connects, therefore, pending liquid is directly to pass these three circulated capacitor modular units in regular turn.Clearly, liquid is the circulated capacitor form unit that continues to pass through in the circulated capacitor pipe, yet but transmits so far the operating voltage that three circulated capacitor modular units use for the operation of desalting and be parallel connection.Therefore, be used for removing ionic circulated capacitor pipe one, the circulated capacitor modular unit that only need supply the operating voltage to three of single numerical value or its most amounts gets final product.When carrying out seawater when desalting operation, similarly the operating voltage method of supplying also is applicable to and comprises the large-scale or small-sized capacitive deionization system that is in series by a plurality of circulated capacitor pipes.What will emphasize once more is no matter the capacitive deionization system is that the operating voltage that all only need use single numerical value in the stage of desalting can operate by single circulated capacitor module 200 or the formed circulated capacitor pipe running of many tributaries circulated capacitor modular unit.In addition, as if being the charging of circulated capacitor module 200 or circulated capacitor pipe with the parallel way, can reduce the required overall work voltage of a capacitive deionization system.

Circulated capacitor module 200 or circulated capacitor pipe stage of desalting of capacitive deionization processing operation at last because of adsorbed ion is saturated, therefore must carry out the regeneration operation of circulated capacitor module 200.And regeneration flow capacitor module 200 economic way, be to make saturated circulated capacitor module 200 be discharged to apparatus for storing electrical energy, the apparatus for storing electrical energy of for example a kind of ultracapacitor (Super-capacitor), as United States Patent (USP) the 6th, 580, No. 598, the 6th, 661, No. 643 and the 6th, 795, No. 298 described.Clearly, the capacitive deionization operation is a succession of charging and the discharge cycles of circulated capacitor module 200, and the growth and decline process between the direct current charge and discharge that these circulation realities are circulated capacitor module 200.In other words, in the stage of desalting, be to be circulated capacitor module 200 charging with the direct current potential source, afterwards, use 200 regeneration (Regeneration) of discharge of circulated capacitor module by control device again to finish circulated capacitor module 200; Clearly, in discharge process, direct supply is to be in closing condition, does not apply power supply to circulated capacitor module 200.

According to above-mentioned, according to the present invention, the electric energy of the operation that is used for desalting has at least three one-tenths can reclaim from the operation of regenerating.For example, utilizing capacitive deionization technological system of the present invention is 350 with 1 stere, salinity, and the sea water desaltination of 000ppm becomes 1 stere, when salinity is the fresh water of 250ppm, and it need consume the electric energy of about 1 kilowatt-hour (kWh) approximately.Therefore, if capacitive deionization desalts the processing capacity of system be every days 10,000 stere or more than, callable electric energy is with considerable.Desire reclaims electric energy from the regeneration operation of capacitor deionizing instrument system, ultracapacitor may be the apparatus for storing electrical energy of full blast.This is because the resistance of ultracapacitor is called equivalent series resistance (ESR) again, and its value is much smaller than the resistance of circulated capacitor module 200.In other words, if it is the ultracapacitor of a low potential or zero potential is in parallel with a saturated circulated capacitor module 200, the latter can be at once be the former charging, and charge velocities is very fast, exceedes ninety percent residual electric energy in the container module 200 of saturated flow can being switched in the several seconds and is sent to ultracapacitor.Afterwards, the electric energy that remains in the circulated capacitor module 200 is just very little, and this point can be found out from the small voltage of circulated capacitor module 200.Because the voltage of circulated capacitor module 200 is good pointers of electrode adsorbed ion amount, so when the voltage decreases of circulated capacitor module 200, promptly represent circulated capacitor module 200 most electrode areas in being discharged to the process of ultracapacitor, to clean out.Therefore, the regeneration operation of circulated capacitor module 200 can be finished in the several seconds, reviews prior art and then need expend a few hours.When making saturated flow energising container module 200 be discharged to ultracapacitor, a leacheate can be passed through circulated capacitor module 200 once, to reset the circulated capacitor module fast, so that carry out the capacitive deionization processing operation of next round.In addition, if all saturated flow energising container modules 200 are to be discharged to ultracapacitor with series system, then the reproduction speed of circulated capacitor module 200 will be faster.

In addition, ultracapacitor is to be that from another reason that saturated flow energising container module 200 reclaims the optimum device of electric energy electric energy is directly to draw and be stored in the ultracapacitor, and need not use other accessory or pass through energy transformation.In other words,, do not relate to mechanical movement or chemical reaction, just can prolong the work-ing life of ultracapacitor thus, and recovery system is also comparatively simple and more cost-effective reclaiming in the process of electric energy with ultracapacitor.Then must be as for additive method by the energy transformation of certain form, the LC circuit (LC) that for example comprises inductance (L) and electrical condenser (C) is by noise electromagnetic oscillation store electrical energy, one flywheel is to utilize motor and generator to draw electric energy, the reverse osmosis pump then needs to reclaim electric energy by pressure difference, but each energy transformation mode all can the generate energy loss.

In addition, present embodiment also can be directly and is taken out the stored electric energy of ultracapacitor fast and make his usefulness in addition.Then disclose another kind at the PCT/US2001/016406 application case and can reclaim the method for residual electric energies from switch on container module 200 of saturated flow, it is by an electrical means the switch on residual electric energy of container module of saturated flow to be sent to other and just to need the desalt circulated capacitor module of operation of electric energy.But because the residual electric energy of circulated capacitor module 200 often is lack of consistency and can't satisfies the electricity needs of the operation of desalting, method will be limited by this insecure electric energy supply.In fact, ultracapacitor can be the capacitive deionization system two critical functions is provided, at first, can carry out the regeneration stage to reclaim outside the electric energy at capacitive deionization, secondly, ultracapacitor also can satisfy the high power requirement of large-scale, the industrial operation of desalting, especially high actuating current.Therefore, ultracapacitor is the optimum device that satisfies this demand.

For instance, the water consumption that industry is used for various production operations every day reaches hundreds of extremely thousands of steres, and required circulated capacitor module electrodes area must be in square centimeter.The required current density of operation is every square centimeter of 20mA if desalt, and then 1 square centimeter electrode area need use the actuating current of 200A.One voltage rating and electric capacity are 15V * 40F and internal resistance (ESR) can provide for 2 seconds continuously for 10m Ω or following ultracapacitor 200A peak current.If the 20A constant charge current that provided of collocation one power supply, but the just above-mentioned 200A peak current of continous-stable supply of two 15V * 40F super capacitor modules then.In this electrical energy supply system, the discharge capacity of each super capacitor module only limits to its effective electric energy, and meaning is the only shallow degree discharge of each super capacitor module.After a certain super capacitor module disengages its discharge quota, another super capacitor module will be brought into play its discharging function at once, and at the same time, the super capacitor module of shallow degree discharge then will charge.The charge rate height of power supply because the depth of discharge (DOD) of ultracapacitor is shallow, super capacitor module can be finished charging fast.In next circulation, two super capacitor modules will exchange the role of its charge and discharge, and this process will constantly be carried out, till electricity needs is satisfied.This kind is called " alternately discharging and recharging " (CD swing) for the technology that provides a stable spike electric power to make two groups of ultracapacitors exchange its charging (C) and discharge (D) role repeatedly continuously.In addition, because super capacitor module only can disengage its effective electric energy after regulating, the electric energy service efficiency of " alternately discharging and recharging " is very high.

Although circulated capacitor possibly can't make full use of the current capacity that power supply provides in the seawater stage of desalting, for improving the ion remaval rate of capacitive deionization processing operation, current setting value is excessive to be good than the current setting value deficiency still.In addition, the charge velocities of electrochemical capacitor is very fast at the charging initial stage, but more finishes the stage then more slowly near charging; The circulated capacitor modular unit similarly, and is very fast in the ionic adsorption speed at charging initial stage, but charging current will decay gradually, shows that ionic adsorption is near saturated.Therefore, the measured magnitude of current can be used as the pointer of ionic adsorption degree when circulated capacitor charges.Though the capacitive deionization operation is to carry out under constant-voltage mode, actuating current is to catch the ionic process with the circulated capacitor electrode to change in fact.The actual power consumption amount of capacitive deionization processing operation is to depend on the actual actuating current that records, but not the current setting value of power supply.For improving the initial stage speed of ion remaval operation, should be the circulated capacitor module higher electric current is provided.Yet adopt one hundreds of amperes ultra-large type power supply can be provided is an extremely uneconomic practice in fact if carry out large-scale water treatment operation.Therefore, the present invention discloses a kind of water treatment system of automatization capacitive deionization formula, the electricity needs that can use small-sized power system and manage the capacitive deionization processing operation by ultracapacitor and method of application (that is " alternately discharging and recharging ") thereof is to meet cost and source benefit.

Please refer to Fig. 6, is the synoptic diagram that shows the automatization capacitive deionization formula water treatment system of a circulated capacitor (Hybrid polar FTC) that includes mixed type electrodes of the present invention.For ease of explanation, present embodiment will illustrate to handle desalting process.As shown in Figure 5, be the seawater in the hopper 510 to be picked up, and seawater pumped to the circulated capacitor pipe 530 with mixed electrods via transfer lime 512 by a pump 520.To emphasize that at this circulated capacitor pipe 530 in present embodiment is made up of a plurality of circulated capacitor modules 200.When seawater passed through each circulated capacitor pipe 530, desalt (being deionization) promptly accepted again and again handled.Water after the processing then is collected in another aqua storage tank 560 via transfer lime 512.In addition, a line upper sensor (not showing among Fig. 6) still can be installed whether reach the target value of total dissolved solids, perhaps need accept further deionization and handle to judge collected water.

Please continue with reference to figure 6, the electrode stacked body of circulated capacitor pipe 530 all is sealed in the shell, and each circulated capacitor pipe 530 all at least two power leads of each self-configuring 542/544 be connected to a power management module 540 to carry out charge and discharge.In addition, power supply device 550 can be with a voltage (for example: 40V) be supplied to power management module 540, so that provide circulated capacitor pipe 530 to carry out charged in parallel.After each circulated capacitor pipe 530 receives the charging voltage that power supply device 550 supplied via power management module 540, just can be by each the circulated capacitor module 200 in the circulated capacitor pipe 530 with ion remaval contained in the seawater.Therefore, when seawater is passed down through the stacked electrodes of each circulated capacitor module 200, the total dissolved solids in the seawater also will reduce gradually.In addition, be stressed that to use what circulated capacitor pipes 530 or what circulated capacitor modules 200, look closely the user fully and need how long finish.

When the electrode in the circulated capacitor module 200 because of adsorbed ion when saturated, just need carry out the electrode regeneration operation, make electrode surface regeneration.This electrode surface regenerated practice is the action that stops pump 520 earlier, makes transfer lime 512 stop seawater being sent in the circulated capacitor pipe 530; Simultaneously, interrupt being supplied to the charging voltage of circulated capacitor pipe 530 by power supply device 550.Then, the residual electric energy of the electrode in the circulated capacitor pipe 530 is discharged to the bank of super capacitors 570 of store electrical energy not as yet, for example: the bank of super capacitors of the rated operational voltage of 15V and a 40F, and be bank of super capacitors 570 chargings, wherein bank of super capacitors 570 is to be connected to power management module 540 by cable.In addition, for quickening to disengage residual electric energy, circulated capacitor pipe 530 can adopt discharged in series, and residual electric energy also can be used as a pointer of residual ion amount on circulated capacitor pipe 530 electrodes.In addition, in response to the required high pressure of the charge and discharge of circulated capacitor pipe 530, high capacitance, bank of super capacitors 570 can be series, parallel or adopts the series/parallel mode to form simultaneously, and this present invention is not limited.In addition, carrying out " removing the water intermediate ion " and " regeneration flow capacitor module " in all interior capacitive deionization operations, but all be to carry out by programming logic control (PLC).

Explanation once more, capacitive deionization processing operation are to utilize the interior formed electrostatic field of circulated capacitor module to desalinize salt water or seawater.Outside the framework of deionization sorbing material, circulated capacitor and the voltage swing of using, the electric current method of supplying is also for strengthening a key parameter of electrostatic field intensity.Be to carry out the deionization operation in following two examples with circulated capacitor module of the present invention, but the product that current setting value and tabular set(ting)value simultaneously promptly can't the output same quality.

Example 1

One flow-thru electrode container is to be piled up by 21 titanium-bases with activated carbon coating to form, and pile up assembly and be and place in the plastic casing to form a circulated capacitor module 200 independently, wherein the diameter of each plate is 10 centimeters, and the hole on the plate is the pattern that row are lined up Figure 1A or Figure 1B, causes the useful area of electrode single face to be about 66.7 square centimeters.Because circulated capacitor module 200 has 20 battery lead plates, so its total active electrode area is 1,344 square centimeter.Now, make current can pass through this serial array continuously, but each circulated capacitor module 200 still receive a charging current by being fused to two leads that respectively pile up assembly apex electrode and bottom electrode respectively separately with five above-mentioned circulated capacitor module 200 series connection.Therefore, each circulated capacitor includes a pair of positive and negative electrode, and a clamping therebetween and the serial array of being made up of 19 bipolar electrodes.For asking five circulated capacitors are charged, must earlier 10 leads be divided into two groups, make each group all comprise five leads, again two groups of leads are connected to the positive and negative electrode of a power supply afterwards respectively with parallel way.

Behind simple and easy filtering larger particles with filter paper, 2 liters originally total dissolved solidss be 36, the seawater of 600ppm is that flow velocity with 600 milliliters of per minutes is by five placed in-line circulated capacitors.These circulated capacitors are by the power charge of unified power system with 40V * 40A, and wherein power system comprises a direct current power supply and two 15V * 40F super capacitor modules.Fig. 4 be with two curve display seawater by the result after once, wherein a curve is the total dissolved solids measuring value of seven sections water of releasing, wherein the first five section release water be per 200 milliliters of collections once, back two sections release water then for per 500 milliliters of collections once.Another curve then is the release ion remaval rate calculated value of water of each section.The total dissolved solids of above-mentioned seven sections water of releasing and ion remaval rate are as shown in table 1.

Table 1 total dissolved solids is 36, the effect that desalts after the seawater of 600ppm is handled once via the circulated capacitor of 10 centimeters of five diameters, and wherein five flow-thru electrode electrical condensers are the electric power set(ting)value charged in parallels with 40V * 40A:

The water of releasing numbering	The volume of water of releasing (milliliter)	Total dissolved solids (ppm)	Ion remaval rate (%)
				1	200	785	97.86
2	200	8,890	75.71
				3	200	18,600	49.18
4	200	25,200	31.15
				5	200	27,900	23.77
6	500	33,200	9.29
				7	500	35,200	3.83

Table 1 third column is the total dissolved solids measuring value of seven sections water of releasing, the 4th hurdle then is the release ion remaval rate of water of each section, its account form is that the release former seawater total dissolved solids of water of each section is deducted release total dissolved solids measuring value after the water treatment of this section respectively, again divided by the total dissolved solids of former seawater.With shown in Figure 4, in first section 200 milliliters the water of releasing, the total dissolved solids of former seawater is reduced to 785ppm fast as table 1, and its ion remaval rate reaches 97.86%.But along with ion is accumulated on circulated capacitor, the total dissolved solids of the second section water of releasing increases in a leap to first section more than ten times, and the ion remaval rate also declines to a great extent.This phenomenon shows that the charge velocities of circulated capacitor is fast, and ionic adsorption speed is also high.In addition, the saturated fast also demonstration of circulated capacitor electrode can be less than normal for the useful area that the operation of desalting is used.If calculate according to unit surface, the total effective area that these five circulated capacitors can be used for ionic adsorption is 6,670 square centimeters.In the process of desalting, the volts DS that is supplied to the circulated capacitor module is to maintain 40V, so each monomer is the volts DS running with 2V; Though and electric current is set in 40A, the actual actuating current that records is 8.5A only.Therefore, desalt shown in the table 1 specific power consumption of operation is 340 watts.When adopting other current setting value (for example 20A and 30A), the cleanliness (not providing data at this) of removing ionic speed and fishery products is all not as table 1.When the seawater of this example of desalination, the instantaneous peak current of these five circulated capacitor modules in initial charge (desalting) stage may be higher than 30A, and therefore, current setting value should be higher than 30A can make the operation of desalting continue to carry out.Yet also can know from table 1 and learn that the present invention can desalinize seawater really under the situation without dilution, chemical pre-process or micro-filtration.On the other hand, if desire improves the ability that desalts of disclosed technology, only need make seawater more once or make seawater pass through more multithread energising container or more large-scale circulated capacitor gets final product by the circulated capacitor monomer.

Example 2

One independent flow-thru capacitor module is to be formed according to mode vertical stacking shown in Figure 2 by 21 plate electrodes, three plate electrodes wherein, that is first, the 11st and the 21st then be chosen to be the unipolarity electrode, the practice is the positive pole that two leads on top (first) electrode and bottom (the 21st) electrode is connected to a power supply, and the lead of central authorities' (the 11st) electrode is connected to the negative pole of power supply.Between each is to positive and negative electrode, be equipped with nine and the placed in-line bipolar electrode of positive and negative electrode.All electrodes all are to be made by 20 centimeters of diameters and stainless steel plate with activated carbon coating, and the hole on the plate is then lined up the pattern of Figure 1A or Figure 1B.Because the useful area of each electrode single face is 267 square centimeters, and the circulated capacitor module forms 20 bipolar electrodes altogether, so total effective area is 5,340 square centimeters.Power system is to set with the electric power of 30V * 10A to supply power to the circulated capacitor module, and wherein power system comprises a direct current power supply and two groups of 15V * 40F ultracapacitors.10 liters originally total dissolved solids be the tap water of 114ppm be low speed with 2.4 liters of per minutes at this circulated capacitor module internal recycle to remove hardness ions, in order to do becoming soft water.Water after the processing then measures its total dissolved solids according to a plurality of preset time spacings, and measurement is as shown in table 2 and be drawn on Fig. 5.

Table 2 total dissolved solids is the bating effect of tap water behind the circulated capacitor module internal recycle of 20 centimeters of diameters of 114ppm, and the circulate among capacitor module is to use the mixed type electrodes array and charges with the electric power set(ting)value of 30V * 10A.

The measurement time (minute)	Total dissolved solids (ppm)	Ion remaval rate (%)
			2	100.1	12.19
5	71.6	37.19
			7	59.2	48.07
9	47.2	58.60

11	39.1	65.70
			13	32.2	71.75
15	22.1	80.61
			25	21.3	81.32

If compare with the seawater of example 1, the contained ionic weight of tap water is very low.When the water for low ion content desalts, it is characterized in that tangible saturated phenomenon does not appear in absorption (or removal) ionic original speed actuating current lower (2.6A) and circulated capacitor module lower, when carrying out the deionization operation in experimentation.In fact, the total dissolved solids measuring value of table 2 is dynamic mode measured values, that is the total dissolved solids measuring value of water behind circulated capacitor module internal recycle is to change in time.The number of processes that water is accepted is many more, that is cycling time is long more, and then water is clean more, and its corresponding ion remaval rate is also high more.The account form of table 2 third column ion remaval rate is that total dissolved solids observed value with each time point is divided by initial total dissolved solids.If to drink soft cleanliness standard is 80ppm, then 10 liters of tap water only need be handled and can reach this standard in 5 minutes in this example, and approximate all 10 liters of tap water in 5 minutes by the belt current energising container module time once.

The explanation of comprehensive the above embodiments, the economic feasibility that capacitive deionization of the present invention system can be applicable to large-scale water treatment operation depends on five significant parameters, comprises ion adsorbing material, the monomeric framework of circulated capacitor, the voltage that is applied, electric current supply, and capacitive deionization operational procedure (particularly electric energy management).Though the importance of each parameter is hard to tell which is better, in the deionization (desalting) of carrying out the capacitive deionization operation and regeneration during the stage, the time should be reduced as far as possible, the expending of other resource of electric energy and clean washing water or the like.In addition, the capacitive deionization system is the charge and discharge process of electrical condenser basically, and therefore, ionic absorption and desorption can be controlled by power supply.By the operation of these charge and discharge, after stopping that flow-thru electrode container module 200 applied current potential, ion just no longer is adsorbed on the electrode of circulated capacitor.And almost the washing water of any grade all can be used for the ion of rinsing desorption, makes the electrode area regeneration of circulated capacitor module more than 200 eighty per cant.

Though the above-mentioned preferred embodiment of the present invention has disclosed as above; right its is not in order to limit the present invention; anyly have the knack of alike operator; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; when can doing a little change and retouching, therefore scope of patent protection of the present invention must be looked being as the criterion that the appended claim scope of this specification sheets defined.

Claims

1. a circulated capacitor module is characterized in that, comprising:

One battery lead plate stacked structure, this battery lead plate stacked structure is to be alternated to dispose by a plurality of first battery lead plates and a plurality of second battery lead plate to form, the edge that wherein disposes formed one first pattern of a plurality of perforation and each this first battery lead plate on each this first battery lead plate disposes O shape ring, and the edge that disposes formed one second pattern of a plurality of perforation and each this second battery lead plate on each this second battery lead plate disposes O shape ring; And

One locked instrument is disposed at the top and the bottom of this battery lead plate stacked structure, in order to this battery lead plate stacked structure that locks;

Wherein a superiors' battery lead plate of this battery lead plate stacked structure and an orlop battery lead plate are connected with one first polar electrode, and an intermediate electrode plate of this stacked structure is connected with one second polar electrode, and this first polarity and this second polarity are opposite polarity.

2. circulated capacitor module as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, it further disposes a distance piece again in the edge of each this O shape ring of this battery lead plate stacked structure.

3. circulated capacitor module as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, wherein this first pattern and this second pattern is identical and this first pattern and this second pattern between have a displacement.

4. circulated capacitor module as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, wherein the material of each this battery lead plate is the titanium-base with activated carbon coating.

5. circulated capacitor module as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, wherein the material of each this battery lead plate is the stainless steel plate with activated carbon coating.

6. circulated capacitor module as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, wherein the opening on each this battery lead plate accounts for 7% to 15% of this unipolarity electrode total area respectively.

7. circulated capacitor module as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, wherein respectively the form of this distance piece is to be reticulation.

8. water treatment device, formed by a flow-thru electrode container module and a power supply unit, the top of this circulated capacitor module is connected this circulated capacitor module with a water feed apparatus bottom then is connected with a discharging device, and wherein this circulated capacitor module is characterised in that, comprising:

9. water treatment device as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, wherein the handled water of this water treatment device comprises: trade effluent and seawater.

10. water treatment device, be by a flow-thru electrode container module, a plurality of electrochemical capacitance devices, one power supply unit and a power management module are formed, wherein this circulated capacitor module and described electrochemical capacitance device form and are connected in parallel, and the top of this circulated capacitor module is connected with a water feed apparatus and the bottom of this circulated capacitor module is connected with a discharging device, and this power management module is connected with described electrochemical capacitance device in order to two electrochemical capacitance devices of control replace charging and discharge at least, wherein this water treatment device is characterised in that, this circulated capacitor module comprises:

One battery lead plate stacked structure, this battery lead plate stacked structure is alternated to dispose by a plurality of first battery lead plates and a plurality of second battery lead plate and forms, the edge that wherein disposes formed one first pattern of a plurality of perforation and each this first battery lead plate on each this first battery lead plate disposes O shape ring, and the edge that disposes formed one second pattern of a plurality of perforation and each this second battery lead plate on each this second battery lead plate disposes O shape ring; And

Wherein a superiors' battery lead plate of this battery lead plate stacked structure and an orlop battery lead plate are connected with an electrode of this direct current potential source, and an intermediate electrode plate of this stacked structure then is connected with another electrode of this direct current potential source.

11. water treatment device as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that, wherein the handled water of this water treatment device comprises: trade effluent and seawater.

12. water treatment device, by a plurality of circulated capacitor modules, a plurality of electrochemical capacitance devices, one power supply unit and a power management module are formed, these a plurality of circulated capacitor modules are to be fixed in the insulation cover and with these a plurality of electrochemical capacitance devices formation to be connected in parallel, and the top of this outer cover is connected with a water feed apparatus and the bottom of this outer cover is connected with a discharging device, and this power management module is connected with described electrochemical capacitance device in order to two electrochemical capacitance devices of control replace charging and discharge at least, wherein this water treatment device is characterised in that, each this circulated capacitor module comprises:

13. the described water treatment device of claim 12 is characterized in that, wherein these a plurality of circulated capacitor modules are connected with parallel way with this direct current potential source.

14. a circulated capacitor module is characterized in that, comprising:

Wherein this battery lead plate stacked structure can be divided into a plurality of sub-electrode stack of plates structures, and a superiors' battery lead plate of each this sub-electrode stack of plates structure and an orlop battery lead plate are connected with one first polar electrode, and an intermediate electrode plate of each this sub-electrode stack of plates structure is connected with one second polar electrode, and this first polarity and this second polarity are opposite polarity.

15. water treatment device, by at least one circulated capacitor pipe, a plurality of electrochemical capacitance devices, one power supply unit and a power management module are formed, these a plurality of circulated capacitor pipes are to be fixed in the insulation cover and with these a plurality of electrochemical capacitance devices formation to be connected in parallel, and the top of this outer cover is connected with a water feed apparatus and the bottom of this outer cover is connected with a discharging device, and this power management module is connected with described electrochemical capacitance device in order to two electrochemical capacitance devices of control replace charging and discharge at least, wherein each this circulation capacitance tube is composed in series by a plurality of circulated capacitor modules, and each this circulated capacitor module is characterised in that, comprising:

16. a water treatment system of removing the water intermediate ion is characterized in that, comprising:

At least one circulation capacitance tube, this circulation capacitance tube are composed in series by a plurality of circulated capacitor modules, and each this circulated capacitor module comprises:

One battery lead plate stacked structure, this battery lead plate stacked structure is alternated to dispose by a plurality of first battery lead plates and a plurality of second battery lead plate and forms, the edge that wherein disposes formed one first pattern of a plurality of perforation and each this first battery lead plate on each this first battery lead plate disposes O shape ring, and the edge that disposes formed one second pattern of a plurality of perforation and each this second battery lead plate on each this second battery lead plate disposes O shape ring;

Wherein a superiors' battery lead plate of this battery lead plate stacked structure and an orlop battery lead plate are connected with an electrode of this direct current potential source, and an intermediate electrode plate of this stacked structure then is connected with another electrode of this direct current potential source;

One potential source, it is right to this end electrodes on each this monomer of each this circulated capacitor module to be used for supplying a direct current voltage;

At least one first ultracapacitor, it is connected between this current potential and this circulated capacitor module, is used to amplify the electric energy that this current potential source is supplied;

At least one second ultracapacitor, it is connected to this circulated capacitor module, is used to receive a discharge electric energy from this circulated capacitor module; And

One power management module is used for regulating the ion remaval rate of this water and the electric energy of this circulated capacitor module electrode reclaims and regeneration.