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CN101624123B - Fruit and vegetable refrigerating and fresh-retaining container with the function of pressure reduction - Google Patents

Fruit and vegetable refrigerating and fresh-retaining container with the function of pressure reduction Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101624123B
CN101624123B CN2009100699462A CN200910069946A CN101624123B CN 101624123 B CN101624123 B CN 101624123B CN 2009100699462 A CN2009100699462 A CN 2009100699462A CN 200910069946 A CN200910069946 A CN 200910069946A CN 101624123 B CN101624123 B CN 101624123B
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China
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fruit
hypobaric
fresh
water
vegetable
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN2009100699462A
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CN101624123A (en
Inventor
王文生
陈存坤
董成虎
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NATIONAL ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH CENTER FOR PRESERVATION OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS
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National Engineering Technology Research Centre for Preservation of Agricultural Products Tianjin
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Publication of CN101624123A publication Critical patent/CN101624123A/en
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Publication of CN101624123B publication Critical patent/CN101624123B/en
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  • Storage Of Fruits Or Vegetables (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a fruit and vegetable refrigerating and fresh-retaining container with the function of pressure reduction; the structure thereof comprises a pressure reduction refrigerating room and an equipment installing room; the pressure reduction refrigerating room is internally provided with heat exchange equipment; the equipment installing room is internally provided with refrigerating equipment, automatic control equipment and a manual operation drainage system for discharging defrost water of the heat exchange equipment; and the equipment installing room is also provided with a pressure reduction system and a fresh air supplementing system which are in a vacuum state in respect to the pressure reduction refrigerating room. The invention has the beneficial effects that the transportation fresh-retaining effect of fruit and vegetable under the storage and transportation mode of hypoxia or ultra-hypoxia special adjusting gas, compared with regular gas adjusting storage and transportation, the pressure reduction storage and transportation can accelerate ethylene or other volatile gas in the tissue of the fruit and vegetable to disperse outwards, sustains ageing of fruit and vegetable tissue, prevents the tissue from softening, and reduces the occurrence of physiological diseases of fruit and vegetable during storage and transportation. The fast cooling of fruit and vegetable can be realized in the pressure reduction refrigerating room, thus the synchronous processing of gas partial pressure is fast changed.

Description

A kind of fruit and vegetable refrigerating and fresh-retaining container with decompression
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fruit and vegetable refrigerating and fresh-retaining container, particularly be a kind of fruit and vegetable refrigerating and fresh-retaining container with decompression.
Background technology
The application container transportation is the modernized transportation mode that occurs the sixties in last century.For satisfying surplus and deficiency, supply the market or trade both at home and abroad, most fruit and vegetable varieties will carry out the transportation of different distance and time, but fruit and vegetables belong to the perishable difficult fresh far products of hiding, so long the transportation apart from normal temperature, normal pressure just do not guarantee quality that keeps fruits and vegetables and haulage time.For this reason, in fruits and vegetables circulations, adopted can regulating and controlling temperature the refrigerated container transportation, obtained good fresh-keeping effect, quality is able to effective maintenance, the delivery period significant prolongation.Therefore, refrigerated container long-distance transportation fruit and vegetables are present more advanced fresh far products transportation mode.In-depth study and application in practice along with the air conditioned storage theory, it is found that on the refrigeration basis, by changing the gas componant in the storing environment, mainly be reduction oxygen concentration and the suitable gas concentration lwevel that improves, a lot of fruits and vegetables there is the effect of significant prolongation storing phase, maintenance fruit-vegetable quality.Along with the appearance of controlled atmosphere freight container, the controlled atmosphere transportation mode also has been applied on the fruits and vegetables transportation fresh-retaining.The gentle bar pressure and the external world that assembles in the vanning of refrigerated container in the above-mentioned described transportation is close substantially.
Studies show that, fruits and vegetables are under required reduced pressure, be that fruits and vegetables have under certain vacuum degree condition, heats such as the field heat of fruits and vegetables, respiration heat can be discharged outside the case fast with the suction of vacuum pump, the dividing potential drop of airborne all gases composition also descends rapidly with the reduction of case internal pressure is corresponding in the case, so oxygen partial pressure also reduces rapidly.Therefore, people extremely thirst for occurring a kind of fruit and vegetable refrigerating and fresh-retaining container appearance with decompression.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of degree of vacuum that can bear setting, with the quick displacement general utility functions of realization land transport, railway transportation and sea-freight, and the good a kind of fruit and vegetable refrigerating and fresh-retaining container with decompression of leak tightness.
The technical scheme that addresses the above problem is: a kind of fruit and vegetable refrigerating and fresh-retaining container with decompression, and described fruit and vegetable refrigerating and fresh-retaining container with decompression comprises: between hypobaric and refrigerated preservation and be arranged on the equipment clipping room of front end between hypobaric and refrigerated preservation; Be provided with heat exchange equipment between hypobaric and refrigerated preservation; Be provided with in the described equipment clipping room and hypobaric and refrigerated preservation between in heat exchange equipment bonded assembly refrigerating apparatus, automatic control device, in the equipment clipping room, also be provided with hypobaric and refrigerated preservation between decompression be the depressurized system of vacuum state and the fresh air replenishment system that the gap starts depressurized system; In the equipment clipping room, be provided with the manual drainage system of getting rid of heat exchange equipment defrosting water; Described depressurized system comprises: vacuum pump, catch water, the outlet of freight container vacuum line, catch water gas feed, catch water gas vent, ELECTROMAGNETIC VACUUM band charge valve; One end of described vacuum pump connects ELECTROMAGNETIC VACUUM band charge valve, the other end of ELECTROMAGNETIC VACUUM band charge valve is connected the catch water gas vent on the catch water, the gas feed that is provided with on the catch water is connected with the outlet of freight container vacuum line, on described freight container vacuum line outlet is installed between hypobaric and refrigerated preservation.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention also can make the fruits and vegetables in the casing be under the required reduced pressure except that the basic function with the required low temperature of freight container traffic fruits and vegetables, and promptly fruits and vegetables have certain vacuum degree condition, so also cry low pressure or decompression transportation.Under reduced pressure, heats such as the field heat of fruits and vegetables, respiration heat can be discharged outside the case fast with the suction of vacuum pump, and the dividing potential drop of airborne all gases composition also descends rapidly with the reduction of case internal pressure is corresponding in the case, so oxygen partial pressure also reduces rapidly.Reduce to 1/10 barometric pressure (10: 1325 kPas) or when lower, will reach the transportation fresh-retaining effect of hypoxemia or ultralow oxygen such as the case internal pressure, so the decompression storing is a kind of storing mode of special adjustments of gas the fruits and vegetables of some storing.Compare with regular controlled atmosphere storing (CA storing), decompression storing also can quicken the interior ethene of fruits and vegetables tissue and other volatile gas to external diffusion, delay the aging of fruit, vegetable tissue, prevent organization softening, alleviate fruits and vegetables damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature with transporting procedures in physiological disease take place.Fruits and vegetables can be realized down quench and change carrying out synchronously of partial pressure fast in freight container.
Fruits and vegetables are existing to store and transport similar effect with controlled atmosphere just because of decompression stores and transports, and the fresh-keeping effect on some fruits and vegetables is better than the controlled atmosphere storing again, so be engaged in the experts and scholars of far products storage fresh-keeping in postpartum, decompression is stored and transported the revolution again that is considered as on the fruit and vegetable storage and transportation.
As, when land transport uses, in this freight container of product can being packed into after precooling, seal container door then, open refrigeration system, make the temperature inside the box reduce to the temperature of setting, open depressurized system then, by the suction of vacuum pump, the case internal pressure is reduced to the degree of vacuum of setting.Under this state, by the heat-insulation and heat-preservation of cabinet insulation layer, the cold-storage and the interior degree of vacuum that forms of case of goods, can keep the temperature that has been provided with in 5~6 hours transportation, the temperature ascensional range is in less than 4 ℃ scope, in conjunction with the vehicle bait, in the place that 380 volts of power supplys are arranged, give the energising of railway carriage refrigerating unit, make the refrigeration system operation, temperature is reduced to the temperature of original setting again, and degree of vacuum also returns to original value of setting; If sea-freight and railway transportation then utilize train and 380 volts power supplies Provided on Board, sustainablely power to freight container, satisfying temperature constant in the casing in the range of temperatures of setting value ± 1 ℃, force value is constant in the pressure differential range of ± 0.005Mpa.
Description of drawings
Each parts annexation figure of Fig. 1 body structure of the present invention and depressurized system;
The annexation figure of manual drainage system in Fig. 2 equipment clipping room;
Fresh air replenishment system annexation figure in Fig. 3 equipment clipping room;
Fig. 4 refrigeration and control system annexation figure.
" sequence number explanation in the accompanying drawing "
1: hull plate; 2: the polyurethane foam heat-insulation layer; 3: square type channel-section steel mesh-supported frame; 4: protective layer in the stainless steel sheet; 5 turnover goods hermatic doors; 6: cooling blower; 7: refrigeration condensate compressor group; 8: water-collecting tray; 9: drainage pipeline; 10: the draining water storage tank; 11: the water inlet shutoff valve; 12: balance stop valve; 13: shutoff valve discharges water; 14: temperature sensor; The 15:PLC controller; 16: AC contactor; 17: the program communication port; 18: vacuum pump; 19: ELECTROMAGNETIC VACUUM band charge valve; 20: catch water; 21: the outlet of freight container vacuum line; 22: the catch water gas feed; 23: the catch water gas vent; 24: pressure sensor; 25: vacuum meter; 26: the tonifying Qi electromagnetic valve; 27: rotameter; 28: time relay; 29: gas feed; 30: between hypobaric and refrigerated preservation; 31: the equipment clipping room.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiments of the invention are described in further detail.
Each parts annexation figure of Fig. 1 body structure of the present invention and depressurized system; The annexation figure of manual drainage system in Fig. 2 equipment clipping room; Fresh air replenishment system annexation figure in Fig. 3 equipment clipping room; Fig. 4 refrigeration and control system annexation figure.
The invention provides a kind of fruit and vegetable refrigerating and fresh-retaining container with decompression, described fruit and vegetable refrigerating and fresh-retaining container with decompression comprises: between hypobaric and refrigerated preservation 30 and be arranged on the equipment clipping room 31 of front end between hypobaric and refrigerated preservation.
Be provided with heat exchange equipment in 30 between described hypobaric and refrigerated preservation; Be provided with in the described equipment clipping room 31 and hypobaric and refrigerated preservation between heat exchange equipment bonded assembly refrigerating apparatuss, automatic control device in 30, in equipment clipping room 31, also be provided with hypobaric and refrigerated preservation between 30 decompressions be the depressurized system of vacuum state and the fresh air replenishment system that the gap starts depressurized system; In equipment clipping room 31, also be provided with the manual drainage system of getting rid of heat exchange equipment defrosting water.
As shown in Figure 1,30 wallboards have pressure-bearing, insulation construction between described hypobaric and refrigerated preservation, and this structure comprises: be positioned at outer field hull plate 1; Be positioned at the stainless steel sheet protective layer 4 of internal layer; Be arranged on the square type channel-section steel mesh-supported frame 3 between the protective layer 4 in hull plate 1 and the stainless steel sheet, be filled with polyurethane foam heat-insulation layer 2 in square type channel-section steel mesh-supported frame 3 gaps.
Say that more specifically the casing of the fruit and vegetable refrigerating and fresh-retaining container of described decompression is made of protective layer 4, turnover goods hermatic door 5 in hull plate 1, polyurethane foam heat-insulation layer 2, square type channel-section steel mesh-supported frame 3, the stainless steel sheet.It is indeformable to tolerate the above degree of vacuum of 0.085Mpa, and structure air-tightness 24 hours rises and is not more than 0.005Mpa because of revealing pressure.
As shown in Figure 1, described depressurized system comprises: vacuum pump 18, catch water 20, freight container vacuum line go out 21, catch water gas feed 22, catch water gas vent 23 and ELECTROMAGNETIC VACUUM band charge valve 19.One end of described vacuum pump 18 connects ELECTROMAGNETIC VACUUM band charge valve 19, the other end of ELECTROMAGNETIC VACUUM band charge valve 19 is connected the catch water gas vent 23 on the catch water 20, the gas feed 22 that is provided with on catch water 20 is connected with freight container vacuum line outlet 21, and described freight container vacuum line exports 21 and is installed between hypobaric and refrigerated preservation on 30.
As shown in Figure 2, described manual drainage system comprises: draining water storage tank 10 is with the water inlet shutoff valve 11 that links to each other with draining water storage tank 10, balance stop valve 12, shutoff valve 13 discharges water.Described draining water storage tank 10 connects by pipeline and is positioned between hypobaric and refrigerated preservation 30 water-collecting tray 8, and water-collecting tray 8 holds the defrosting water of cooling blower 6 above it.
Described cooling blower 6 is heat exchange equipment of refrigeration system, and it is installed in 30 interior and close equipment clipping rooies 31 between hypobaric and refrigerated preservation.The effect of cooling blower 6 is with the heat of fruits and vegetables in the fruit and vegetable refrigerating and fresh-retaining container and the extraneous heat that imports in the case, and the phase transformation by the cooling blower inner refrigerant is transported to outside the case.
The refrigeration condensate compressor group 7 of installing in the described equipment clipping room 31 is formed closed circulation system by pipeline and cooling blower 6, realizes the cooling of system.Temperature controlling is automatically in the fruit and vegetable refrigerating and fresh-retaining container, and different suitable temperature can be set according to the difference of shipping products.Control circuit is formed control circuit by temperature sensor 14, siemens S7-200PLC controller 15 and the AC contactor 16 of device in fruit and vegetable refrigerating and fresh-retaining container.Program communication port 17 on the PLC controller 15 is with connecting the microcomputer setting and revising the temperature and pressure parameter.
As shown in Figure 3, described fresh air replenishment system comprises: 30 bonded assembly gas feed 29 and control circuits between tonifying Qi electromagnetic valve 26, rotameter 27, time relay 28 and hypobaric and refrigerated preservation.One end of described tonifying Qi electromagnetic valve 26 is connected with gas feed 29, and the two ends in addition of tonifying Qi electromagnetic valve 26 connect rotameter 27 and time relay 28 respectively, and time relay 28 control tonifying Qi electromagnetic valves 26 regularly open and close.
Below working process of the present invention is described:
When the suitable transport temperature of the fruits and vegetables that transported is 0 ℃ of left and right sides, the 30 interior cooling blowers of installing 6 are in operational process between the hypobaric and refrigerated preservation in the fruit and vegetable refrigerating and fresh-retaining container, and constantly frosting can influence effectiveness of regenerator on its heat-transfer area, the cooling rate that slows down, defrosting regularly for this reason.And the water of being store in the water-collecting tray 8 that cooling blower 6 is provided with below discharge between hypobaric and refrigerated preservations 30 by drainage pipeline 9.Yet, between hypobaric and refrigerated preservation under the decompression state outside case during draining, drainage pipeline 9 just can not be straight-through outward with case, otherwise low pressure just can not be kept between hypobaric and refrigerated preservation.And must be by having the draining water storage tank 10 of certain Intensity Design, and the drainage system of the water inlet shutoff valve 11 that links to each other with draining water storage tank 10, balance stop valve 12 and shutoff valve 13 compositions that discharge water, can be implemented in the ponding of discharging under the condition of negative pressure in the water-collecting tray 8, and not influence the degree of vacuum in the freight container.
As shown in Figure 2, the concrete drain step of drainage system is: at bleeding stage, the water inlet shutoff valve 11 that is connected with draining water storage tank 10 is in opening, because drain hose 9 passes through water inlet shutoff valve 11 and pipeline connection with draining water storage tank 10, pressure between hypobaric and refrigerated preservation in 30 and draining water storage tank 10 interior pressure equate, when the pressure in 30 drops to low-pressure state between hypobaric and refrigerated preservation, pressure in the draining water storage tank 10 is also reduced to identical step-down, because being provided with height, water-collecting tray 8 to be significantly higher than draining water storage tank 10, so ponding flows into the draining water storage tank by action of gravity.Through after a while, in the time of discharging the water storage in the draining water storage tank 10, at first water inlet shutoff valve 11 to be in closed condition, with the passage of 30 spaces and draining water storage tank between the cut-out hypobaric and refrigerated preservation.Slowly open balance stop valve 12 then, pressure and external atmosphere pressure in the draining water storage tank 10 are balanced each other, open sluicing valve 13 again, water storage will be emitted in draining water storage tank 10.When water storage put finish after, close balance stop valve 12, the shutoff valve 13 that discharges water, open water inlet shutoff valve 11, make draining water storage tank 10 keep the water storage state.
As shown in Figure 2, realize that 30 interior decompressions are by vacuum pump 18, catch water 20, freight container vacuum line outlet 21, catch water gas feed 22, catch water gas vent 23 and the ELECTROMAGNETIC VACUUM band charge valve 19 of device in the equipment clipping room between hypobaric and refrigerated preservation.The control circuit that pressure automatic guidance part is made up of siemens S7-200PLC controller 15, AC contactor 16, pressure sensor 24.Vacuum meter 25 is in order to 30 interior degree of vacuum between the direct viewing hypobaric and refrigerated preservation.Program communication port 17 is with connecting the microcomputer setting and revising the pressure and temperature parameter.
Between described hypobaric and refrigerated preservation in 30 the concrete steps of decompression operations be: the data that record according to pressure (degree of vacuum) parameter of setting and pressure sensor 24, siemens S7-200PLC controller 15 sends the break-make instruction, by the closed and disconnected of AC contactor 16, realize the start-stop of vacuum pump 18.During the vacuum pump operation, ELECTROMAGNETIC VACUUM band charge valve 19 is in opening, between hypobaric and refrigerated preservation in 30 air enter catch water 20 from freight container vacuum line outlet 21 through connecting tube and catch water gas feed 22, with the moisture removal that wherein contains, enter vacuum pump 18 again, enter in the external environment, thereby make 30 interior step-downs between hypobaric and refrigerated preservation.Catch water 20 is to prevent that vacuum pump 18 from bringing steam in the vacuum pump in pumping process, make deterioration of lubricant in the vacuum pump and influence the normal operation of vacuum pump, the effect of ELECTROMAGNETIC VACUUM band charge valve 19 is: when vacuum pump 18 is out of service, ELECTROMAGNETIC VACUUM band charge valve 19 featuring rigid cutting-off automatically connects between vacuum pump and hypobaric and refrigerated preservation 30 aspiration, avoid lubricating oil to return sucking back between hypobaric and refrigerated preservation in 30, or the peculiar smell that produces of oil sucks back between hypobaric and refrigerated preservation in 30.
As shown in Figure 3, the time relay 28 that the tonifying Qi electromagnetic valve 26 that equipment clipping room 31 is installed, rotameter 27 and control tonifying Qi electromagnetic valve 26 open and close is formed the fresh air replenishment systems, can be regularly the fresh air of additional adjustable amount in 30 between the hypobaric and refrigerated preservation to decompression state under.
The concrete steps of 30 interior make-up gas are between described hypobaric and refrigerated preservation: according to demand, passage period relay 28 is set the time slot of tonifying Qi and the time of each tonifying Qi, by the keying of time relay 28 control tonifying Qi electromagnetic valves 26.When tonifying Qi electromagnetic valve 26 was opened, owing to be in low-pressure state in 30 between hypobaric and refrigerated preservation, so outside air can enter between hypobaric and refrigerated preservation in 30 by gas feed 29, the volume that enters air can measure by rotameter 27.The purpose of replenishing fresh air is to make internal pressure interruption rising between hypobaric and refrigerated preservation, thereby impels the vacuum pump gap to start, with ethene, acetaldehyde and the too high pernicious gases such as carbon dioxide of 30 interior accumulation between continuous eliminating hypobaric and refrigerated preservation.

Claims (3)

1. fruit and vegetable refrigerating and fresh-retaining container with decompression, described fruit and vegetable refrigerating and fresh-retaining container with decompression comprises: between hypobaric and refrigerated preservation (30) and be arranged on the equipment clipping room (31) of front end between hypobaric and refrigerated preservation; Be provided with heat exchange equipment in (30) between hypobaric and refrigerated preservation; Be provided with in the described equipment clipping room (31) and hypobaric and refrigerated preservation between (30) interior heat exchange equipment bonded assembly refrigerating apparatus, automatic control device, it is characterized in that, in equipment clipping room (31), also be provided with to hypobaric and refrigerated preservation between (30) decompression be the fresh air replenishment system that the depressurized system of vacuum state and gap start depressurized system; In equipment clipping room (31), be provided with the manual drainage system of getting rid of heat exchange equipment defrosting water;
Described depressurized system comprises: vacuum pump (18), catch water (20), the outlet of freight container vacuum line (21), catch water gas feed (22), catch water gas vent (23), ELECTROMAGNETIC VACUUM band charge valve (19); One end of described vacuum pump (18) connects ELECTROMAGNETIC VACUUM band charge valve (19), the other end of ELECTROMAGNETIC VACUUM band charge valve (19) is connected the catch water gas vent (23) on the catch water (20), the gas feed (22) that catch water (20) go up to be provided with is connected with freight container vacuum line outlet (21), and described freight container vacuum line exports (21) and is installed between hypobaric and refrigerated preservation on (30).
2. according to a kind of fruit and vegetable refrigerating and fresh-retaining container described in the claim 1 with decompression, it is characterized in that described manual drainage system comprises: draining water storage tank (10) and the water inlet shutoff valve (11) that links to each other with draining water storage tank (10), balance stop valve (12), the shutoff valve that discharges water (13); Described draining water storage tank (10) connects the water-collecting tray (8) that is positioned at (30) between hypobaric and refrigerated preservation by pipeline, and water-collecting tray (8) holds the defrosting water of cooling blower above it (6).
3. according to a kind of fruit and vegetable refrigerating and fresh-retaining container described in the claim 1 with decompression, it is characterized in that described fresh air replenishment system comprises: (30) bonded assembly gas feed (29) and control circuit between tonifying Qi electromagnetic valve (26), rotameter (27), time relay (28) and hypobaric and refrigerated preservation; One end of tonifying Qi electromagnetic valve (26) is connected with gas feed (29), and the two ends in addition of tonifying Qi electromagnetic valve (26) connect rotameter (27), time relay (28) respectively, and time relay (28) control tonifying Qi electromagnetic valve (26) regularly opens and closes.
CN2009100699462A 2009-07-30 2009-07-30 Fruit and vegetable refrigerating and fresh-retaining container with the function of pressure reduction Expired - Fee Related CN101624123B (en)

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CN2009100699462A CN101624123B (en) 2009-07-30 2009-07-30 Fruit and vegetable refrigerating and fresh-retaining container with the function of pressure reduction

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN2009100699462A CN101624123B (en) 2009-07-30 2009-07-30 Fruit and vegetable refrigerating and fresh-retaining container with the function of pressure reduction

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CN101624123B true CN101624123B (en) 2011-06-15

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JP5971296B2 (en) * 2014-09-16 2016-08-17 ダイキン工業株式会社 Container refrigeration equipment
CN106043979B (en) * 2016-08-02 2019-02-01 国家农产品保鲜工程技术研究中心(天津) The accurate processing unit of vehicle-mounted 1-MCP pressure-variable adsorption and application method
CN108146789A (en) * 2017-12-18 2018-06-12 合肥超凡快递咨询有限公司界首营业部 A kind of take-away distribution box with heat preserving antistaling
CN110395493A (en) * 2018-04-24 2019-11-01 鲁国庆 Vacuum refrigerating, freezing, quality-keeping and fresh-keeping container
CN108981269B (en) * 2018-06-19 2023-09-15 华东交通大学 Energy-saving fresh logistics preservation cabinet based on cold chain terminal district
CN108719462A (en) * 2018-07-24 2018-11-02 湖南固鲜科技有限公司 A kind of preserving fruit and vegetable utilizing treatment box and fresh-keeping treating method
CN109319316A (en) * 2018-11-15 2019-02-12 上海海事大学 A vacuum insulation and decompression type fresh food refrigerated container
CN113479503B (en) * 2021-06-30 2022-09-16 黎绪强 Protective cylinder for dangerous chemical transportation
CN114128851A (en) * 2021-12-02 2022-03-04 广东以琳食品有限公司 A kind of preparation method of gelatinous soup-filled shrimp stuffing and low-temperature fresh-keeping strengthening device
CN114701733A (en) * 2022-03-28 2022-07-05 天津科技大学 Antifog antivibration low temperature integrative case of fruit vegetables gas stress storage and transportation

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