CN101618563B - Method for controlling water content in production process of all-solid-wood furniture - Google Patents
Method for controlling water content in production process of all-solid-wood furniture Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000006221 furniture coating Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007591 painting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
技术领域: Technical field:
本发明涉及木材含水率控制方法技术领域,尤其涉及全实木家具生产制程含水率控制方法。The invention relates to the technical field of methods for controlling moisture content of wood, in particular to a method for controlling moisture content in the production process of solid wood furniture.
背景技术: Background technique:
木材放置于湿润空气中时,它会吸收空气中的水蒸气而增高木材的含水率,此现象称为吸湿;相对的,如果将高含水率木材放置在低湿度空气中时,则木材会脱湿而降低木材的含水率,此现象称为脱湿。吸湿和脱湿过程实质上是木材的含水率逐渐过渡到与环境的平衡含水率一致的过程。木质家具的生产制程中,木材往往受生产环境的影响,其含水率难以得到控制,使制造出来的木质家具的含水率不符合要求,最终影响了木质家具的品质。例如,由于美国气候因素和居家环境多有空调设施等原因,居家环境中木质家具的含水率大多在6%~8%之间,所以中国销往美国的家具要求木材含水率必须控制在6%~8%的范围,而中国大部分地区的年平均木材含水率为11%~16%,尤其广东地区的年平均木材含水率更高达15.9%,在这样的潮湿环境下生产实木家具,如果没有特殊的制程含水率控制方法,即使在开始制造家具之前,木材原料经过干燥处理将其含水率降到8%以下,但经过生产车间繁复的加工流程和暴露在高平衡含水率的环境下,随着时间的增加,木材含水率也跟着升高,往往在家具涂装之间,木材含水率已经升高到10%以上。这样,制造出来的家具销往美国较干燥的地区,将会出现木材脱湿和收缩现象,导致家具出现裂缝,不但影响了家具的品质,还容易产生许多交易上的索赔问题。When wood is placed in humid air, it will absorb water vapor in the air and increase the moisture content of wood. This phenomenon is called hygroscopicity; on the contrary, if wood with high moisture content is placed in low humidity air, the wood will lose Wet and reduce the moisture content of wood, this phenomenon is called dehumidification. The process of moisture absorption and dehumidification is essentially a process in which the moisture content of wood gradually transitions to be consistent with the equilibrium moisture content of the environment. In the production process of wooden furniture, wood is often affected by the production environment, and its moisture content is difficult to control, so that the moisture content of the manufactured wooden furniture does not meet the requirements, which ultimately affects the quality of wooden furniture. For example, due to climate factors in the United States and air-conditioning facilities in the home environment, the moisture content of wooden furniture in the home environment is mostly between 6% and 8%. Therefore, furniture sold in China to the United States requires that the moisture content of wood must be controlled at 6%. ~8% range, while the annual average wood moisture content in most parts of China is 11% to 16%, especially in Guangdong, the annual average wood moisture content is as high as 15.9%. To produce solid wood furniture in such a humid environment, if there is no The special moisture content control method in the manufacturing process, even if the wood raw material is dried to reduce its moisture content to below 8% before starting to manufacture furniture, but after the complicated processing procedures in the production workshop and exposure to the environment of high equilibrium moisture content, with time With the increase of time, the moisture content of wood also increases. Often, the moisture content of wood has risen to more than 10% between furniture coatings. In this way, if the manufactured furniture is sold to drier areas in the United States, the wood will dehumidify and shrink, resulting in cracks in the furniture, which not only affects the quality of the furniture, but also easily leads to many transaction claims.
现有的技术一般采用除湿设备控制用于生产实木家具的木材的含水率,如微波处理除湿设备,利用微波加热的原理控制木材的含水率;也有利用干燥加热设备,通过控制干燥加热设备来控制木材存放环境的温度和湿度,以控制木材的含水率。然而,这些除湿设备或干燥加热设备,只是利用于实木家具生产制程中的备料阶段等个别阶段,并没有全程应用于整个实木家具生产制程中,虽然能使某个阶段的木材含水率符合当时的要求,但在整个实木家具生产制程中,木材含水率仍然受到生产环境的平衡含水率的影响,无法使木材含水率符合整个实木家具生产制程中各个阶段的要求。The existing technology generally uses dehumidification equipment to control the moisture content of wood used to produce solid wood furniture, such as microwave treatment dehumidification equipment, which uses the principle of microwave heating to control the moisture content of wood; there are also drying and heating equipment to control the moisture content of wood by controlling the drying and heating equipment. The temperature and humidity of the wood storage environment to control the moisture content of the wood. However, these dehumidification equipment or drying and heating equipment are only used in individual stages such as the material preparation stage in the production process of solid wood furniture, and are not used in the entire production process of solid wood furniture. Requirements, but in the whole production process of solid wood furniture, the moisture content of wood is still affected by the equilibrium moisture content of the production environment, which cannot make the moisture content of wood meet the requirements of each stage in the production process of solid wood furniture.
发明内容: Invention content:
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术的不足,提供全实木家具生产制程含水率控制方法,该全实木家具生产制程含水率控制方法可将木材含水率控制在整个全实木家具生产制程中所设定的含水率范围内,有效保证家具的品质。The object of the present invention is to address the deficiencies in the prior art, and provide a method for controlling the moisture content of the entire solid wood furniture production process. Within the range of moisture content, the quality of furniture can be effectively guaranteed.
为实现上述目的,本发明通过以下技术方案实现:全实木家具生产制程含水率控制方法,它包括以下步骤:In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a method for controlling moisture content in the production process of solid wood furniture, which includes the following steps:
步骤一,控制原料的木材含水率为6%~14%,具体为:Step 1, controlling the wood moisture content of the raw material to 6% to 14%, specifically:
步骤A,检测原料的木材含水率,如果木材含水率≤14%,则进入步骤C;如果木材含水率>14%,则进入步骤B;Step A, detecting the wood moisture content of the raw material, if the wood moisture content is ≤ 14%, then enter step C; if the wood moisture content > 14%, then enter step B;
步骤B,对原料进行烘干处理,使木材含水率为6%~14%,进入步骤C;Step B, drying the raw materials so that the moisture content of the wood is 6% to 14%, and entering step C;
步骤C,将原料放入原料仓养生房,通过控制原料仓养生房内的温度,以控制原料仓养生房内的平衡含水率为6%~14%,从而使木材含水率为6%~14%;Step C, put the raw materials into the raw material warehouse health care room, and control the equilibrium moisture content in the raw material warehouse health care room from 6% to 14% by controlling the temperature in the raw material warehouse health care room, so that the wood moisture content is 6% to 14% %;
步骤二,进行备料,并控制备料的木材含水率为6%~14%,具体为:Step 2, prepare the material, and control the moisture content of the wood prepared for the material to be 6% to 14%, specifically:
步骤D,从原料仓养生房内领料,所领料的木材含水率为6%~14%;Step D, picking materials from the health care room of the raw material warehouse, the moisture content of the wood being picked is 6% to 14%;
步骤E,对所领料进行开料处理,形成备料,定出备料的料长和料宽;Step E, carry out material cutting processing on the received material, form the prepared material, and determine the material length and material width of the prepared material;
步骤F,将备料放入备料养生房,通过控制备料养生房内的温度,以控制备料养生房内的平衡含水率为6%~14%,从而使木材含水率为6%~14%;Step F, putting the prepared materials into the material preparation health room, and controlling the temperature in the material preparation health room to control the equilibrium moisture content in the material preparation health room from 6% to 14%, so that the wood moisture content is 6% to 14%;
步骤G,从备料养生房领出木材含水率为6%~14%的备料进行抛光、拼版处理;Step G, taking out the raw material with a wood moisture content of 6% to 14% from the raw material health room for polishing and imposition processing;
步骤H,将经过抛光、拼版处理的备料放入中央零件仓养生房,通过控制中央零件仓养生房内的温度,以控制中央零件仓养生房内的平衡含水率为6%~14%,从而使木材含水率为6%~14%;Step H, putting the prepared materials that have been polished and made into pieces into the health care room of the central parts warehouse, and controlling the temperature in the health care room of the central parts warehouse to control the equilibrium moisture content in the health care room of the central parts warehouse from 6% to 14%, so that Make the moisture content of the wood 6% to 14%;
步骤三,进行细加工,具体为:Step 3, carry out fine processing, specifically:
步骤I,从中央零件仓养生房内领料,所领料的木材含水率为6%~14%;Step I, picking materials from the health care room of the central parts warehouse, the moisture content of the wood being picked is 6% to 14%;
步骤J,对所领料分别按床类、面板类、零件类和框类进行成型和钻孔加工;Step J, forming and drilling the received materials respectively according to bed type, panel type, part type and frame type;
步骤K,将进行成型和钻孔加工后的床类领料进行组装,组装后放入床组装养生房,通过控制床组装养生房内的温度,以控制床组装养生房内的平衡含水率为6%~14%,从而使木材含水率为6%~14%;将进行成型和钻孔加工后的面板类和零件类领料放入组立养生房,通过控制组立养生房内的温度,以控制组立养生房内的平衡含水率为6%~14%,从而使木材含水率为6%~14%;将进行成型和钻孔加工后的框类领料进行组装,组装后放入框组装养生房,通过控制框组装养生房内的温度,以控制框组装养生房内的平衡含水率为6%~14%,从而使木材含水率为6%~14%;Step K: Assemble the bed materials that have been formed and drilled, put them into the bed assembly health care room after assembly, and control the equilibrium moisture content in the bed assembly health care room by controlling the temperature in the bed assembly health care room 6% to 14%, so that the moisture content of the wood is 6% to 14%. The panels and parts after molding and drilling are put into the group health care room, and the temperature in the group health care room is controlled. , so as to control the equilibrium moisture content in the assembly health care room from 6% to 14%, so that the moisture content of the wood is 6% to 14%; assemble the frames after molding and drilling, and put them in Assemble the health room into the frame, and control the temperature in the frame assembled health room to control the equilibrium moisture content in the frame assembled health room from 6% to 14%, so that the moisture content of the wood is 6% to 14%;
步骤L,对木材含水率均为6%~14%的床组装养生房内的床类领料,组立养生房内的面板类和零件类领料,以及框组装养生房内的框类领料,先进行总组装,再进行涂装,最后进行包装。Step L, picking materials for beds in the bed assembly health care room with a wood moisture content of 6% to 14%, picking materials for panels and parts in the assembly health care room, and picking frames for frame assembly health care rooms Materials, firstly assemble, then paint, and finally pack.
所述原料仓养生房、备料养生房、中央零件仓养生房、床组装养生房、组立养生房和框组装养生房均为工作时密封的养生房,养生房内设有蒸汽管,蒸汽管内流动着由锅炉房内供应的高温蒸汽,通过控制蒸汽管内的高温蒸汽流量来控制养生房内的温度,以控制养生房内的平衡含水率,从而控制木材含水率。The raw material warehouse health care room, material preparation health care room, central parts warehouse health care room, bed assembly health care room, assembly health care room and frame assembly health care room are all sealed health care rooms during work. Steam pipes are arranged in the health care rooms. The high-temperature steam supplied by the boiler room flows, and the temperature in the health care room is controlled by controlling the flow of high-temperature steam in the steam pipe to control the equilibrium moisture content in the health care room, thereby controlling the moisture content of the wood.
步骤一的步骤B中所述对原料进行烘干处理,为在烘干窑对原料进行烘干处理。Drying the raw materials in Step B of Step 1 means drying the raw materials in a drying kiln.
全实木家具生产制程含水率控制方法,它包括以下步骤:The method for controlling the moisture content in the production process of solid wood furniture comprises the following steps:
步骤一,控制原料的木材含水率为6%~8%,具体为:Step 1, controlling the wood moisture content of the raw material to 6% to 8%, specifically:
步骤A,检测原料的木材含水率,如果木材含水率≤8%,则进入步骤C;如果木材含水率>8%,则进入步骤B;Step A, detecting the wood moisture content of the raw material, if the wood moisture content is ≤ 8%, then enter step C; if the wood moisture content > 8%, then enter step B;
步骤B,对原料进行烘干处理,使木材含水率为6%~8%,进入步骤C;Step B, drying the raw materials so that the moisture content of the wood is 6% to 8%, and then proceeding to step C;
步骤C,将原料放入原料仓养生房,通过控制原料仓养生房内的温度,以控制原料仓养生房内的平衡含水率为6%~8%,从而使木材含水率为6%~8%;Step C, put the raw materials into the raw material storage room, and control the temperature in the raw material storage room to control the equilibrium moisture content in the raw material storage room to 6% to 8%, so that the wood moisture content is 6% to 8%. %;
步骤二,进行备料,并控制备料的木材含水率为6%~8%,具体为:Step 2, prepare the material, and control the moisture content of the wood prepared for the material to be 6% to 8%, specifically:
步骤D,从原料仓养生房内领料,所领料的木材含水率为6%~8%;Step D, picking materials from the health care room of the raw material warehouse, the moisture content of the wood being picked is 6% to 8%;
步骤E,对所领料进行开料处理,形成备料,定出备料的料长和料宽;Step E, carry out material cutting processing on the received material, form the prepared material, and determine the material length and material width of the prepared material;
步骤F,将备料放入备料养生房,通过控制备料养生房内的温度,以控制备料养生房内的平衡含水率为6%~8%,从而使木材含水率为6%~8%;Step F, putting the prepared materials into the material preparation health room, and controlling the temperature in the material preparation health room to control the equilibrium moisture content in the material preparation health room from 6% to 8%, so that the wood moisture content is 6% to 8%;
步骤G,从备料养生房领出木材含水率为6%~8%的备料进行抛光、拼版处理;Step G, taking out the raw material with a wood moisture content of 6% to 8% from the raw material health room for polishing and imposition processing;
步骤H,将经过抛光、拼版处理的备料放入中央零件仓养生房,通过控制中央零件仓养生房内的温度,以控制中央零件仓养生房内的平衡含水率为6%~8%,从而使木材含水率为6%~8%;Step H, putting the prepared materials that have been polished and made into pieces into the health care room of the central parts warehouse, and controlling the temperature in the health care room of the central parts warehouse to control the equilibrium moisture content in the health care room of the central parts warehouse to 6% to 8%, so that Make the moisture content of the wood 6% to 8%;
步骤三,进行细加工,具体为:Step 3, carry out fine processing, specifically:
步骤I,从中央零件仓养生房内领料,所领料的木材含水率为6%~8%;Step I, picking materials from the health care room of the central parts warehouse, the moisture content of the wood being picked is 6% to 8%;
步骤J,对所领料分别按床类、面板类、零件类和框类进行成型和钻孔加工;Step J, forming and drilling the received materials respectively according to bed type, panel type, part type and frame type;
步骤K,将进行成型和钻孔加工后的床类领料进行组装,组装后放入床组装养生房,通过控制床组装养生房内的温度,以控制床组装养生房内的平衡含水率为6%~8%,从而使木材含水率为6%~8%;将进行成型和钻孔加工后的面板类和零件类领料放入组立养生房,通过控制组立养生房内的温度,以控制组立养生房内的平衡含水率为6%~8%,从而使木材含水率为6%~8%;将进行成型和钻孔加工后的框类领料进行组装,组装后放入框组装养生房,通过控制框组装养生房内的温度,以控制框组装养生房内的平衡含水率为6%~8%,从而使木材含水率为6%~8%;Step K: Assemble the bed materials that have been formed and drilled, put them into the bed assembly health care room after assembly, and control the equilibrium moisture content in the bed assembly health care room by controlling the temperature in the bed assembly health care room 6% to 8%, so that the moisture content of the wood is 6% to 8%; the panels and parts after forming and drilling are put into the group health care room, and the temperature in the group health care room is controlled. , so as to control the equilibrium moisture content in the assembly health care room of 6% to 8%, so that the moisture content of the wood is 6% to 8%; assemble the frames after molding and drilling, and put them Assemble the health care room into the frame, and control the temperature in the frame assembly health care room to control the equilibrium moisture content in the frame assembly health care room from 6% to 8%, so that the moisture content of the wood is 6% to 8%;
步骤L,对木材含水率均为6%~8%的床组装养生房内的床类领料,组立养生房内的面板类和零件类领料,以及框组装养生房内的框类领料,先进行总组装,再进行涂装,最后进行包装。Step L, picking materials for beds in the bed assembly health care room with a wood moisture content of 6% to 8%, picking materials for panels and parts in the assembly health care room, and picking materials for frames in the frame assembly health care room Materials, firstly assemble, then paint, and finally pack.
所述原料仓养生房、备料养生房、中央零件仓养生房、床组装养生房、组立养生房和框组装养生房均为工作时密封的养生房,养生房内设有蒸汽管,蒸汽管内流动着由锅炉房内供应的高温蒸汽,通过控制蒸汽管内的高温蒸汽流量来控制养生房内的温度,以控制养生房内的平衡含水率,从而控制木材含水率。The raw material warehouse health care room, material preparation health care room, central parts warehouse health care room, bed assembly health care room, assembly health care room and frame assembly health care room are all sealed health care rooms during work. Steam pipes are arranged in the health care rooms. The high-temperature steam supplied by the boiler room flows, and the temperature in the health care room is controlled by controlling the flow of high-temperature steam in the steam pipe to control the equilibrium moisture content in the health care room, thereby controlling the moisture content of the wood.
步骤一的步骤B中所述对原料进行烘干处理,为在烘干窑对原料进行烘干处理。Drying the raw materials in Step B of Step 1 means drying the raw materials in a drying kiln.
本发明有益效果为:本发明提供了两种全实木家具生产制程含水率控制方法的技术方案,该两种技术方案均为同一发明构思,每个技术方案对应一个含水率范围,含水率范围的选择与不同地区的平衡含水率有关,两种技术方案所述的全实木家具生产制程含水率控制方法适用于不同的地区;该两种全实木家具生产制程含水率控制方法的技术方案均通过在实木家具的不同生产制程中设定用于控制木材含水率的养生房,如原料仓养生房、备料养生房、中央零件仓养生房、床组装养生房、组立养生房和框组装养生房,使得在繁复的加工流程中木材始终能保持在设定的含水率范围内,最终在完成家具涂装工序后,木材的含水率得以控制在符合整个全实木家具生产制程中所要求的含水率范围内,从而有效保证家具的品质。The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention provides two technical solutions for the moisture content control method in the production process of solid wood furniture. The choice is related to the equilibrium moisture content in different regions. The moisture content control methods of the solid wood furniture production process described in the two technical proposals are applicable to different regions; In the different production processes of solid wood furniture, the health care rooms used to control the moisture content of wood are set, such as raw material warehouse health care rooms, material preparation health care rooms, central parts warehouse health care rooms, bed assembly health care rooms, assembly health care rooms, and frame assembly health care rooms. The wood can always be kept within the set moisture content range during the complicated processing process, and finally after the furniture coating process is completed, the moisture content of the wood can be controlled to meet the moisture content range required in the entire solid wood furniture production process In order to effectively guarantee the quality of furniture.
具体实施方式: Detailed ways:
下面对本发明作进一步的说明:The present invention is described further below:
实施例一,全实木家具生产制程含水率控制方法,它包括以下步骤:Embodiment 1, the method for controlling the moisture content of the whole solid wood furniture production process, it comprises the following steps:
步骤一,控制原料的木材含水率为6%~8%,具体为:Step 1, controlling the wood moisture content of the raw material to 6% to 8%, specifically:
步骤A,检测原料的木材含水率,如果木材含水率≤8%,则进入步骤C;如果木材含水率>8%,则进入步骤B;Step A, detecting the wood moisture content of the raw material, if the wood moisture content is ≤ 8%, then enter step C; if the wood moisture content > 8%, then enter step B;
步骤B,在烘干窑对原料进行烘干处理,使木材含水率为6%~8%,进入步骤C;Step B, drying the raw materials in a drying kiln so that the moisture content of the wood is 6% to 8%, and entering step C;
步骤C,将原料放入原料仓养生房,通过控制原料仓养生房内的温度,以控制原料仓养生房内的平衡含水率为6%~8%,从而使木材含水率为6%~8%;Step C, put the raw materials into the raw material storage room, and control the temperature in the raw material storage room to control the equilibrium moisture content in the raw material storage room to 6% to 8%, so that the wood moisture content is 6% to 8%. %;
该步骤一实际是备料前的原料木材含水率的控制,也就是利用原料仓养生房对实木家具用料的初步含水率进行控制,这一步控制尤为重要,只有含水率达到要求的木材,才能在后续的加工过程中有效地进行控制。This step one is actually the control of the moisture content of the raw wood before material preparation, that is, the use of the raw material warehouse to control the initial moisture content of the solid wood furniture materials. This step is particularly important. Only wood with a moisture content that meets the requirements can be used in Effective control in subsequent processing.
步骤二,进行备料,并控制备料的木材含水率为6%~8%,具体为:Step 2, prepare the material, and control the moisture content of the wood prepared for the material to be 6% to 8%, specifically:
步骤D,从原料仓养生房内领料,所领料的木材含水率为6%~8%;Step D, picking materials from the health care room of the raw material warehouse, the moisture content of the wood being picked is 6% to 8%;
步骤E,对所领料进行开料处理,形成备料,定出备料的料长和料宽;Step E, carry out material cutting processing on the received material, form the prepared material, and determine the material length and material width of the prepared material;
步骤F,将备料放入备料养生房,通过控制备料养生房内的温度,以控制备料养生房内的平衡含水率为6%~8%,从而使木材含水率为6%~8%;Step F, putting the prepared materials into the material preparation health room, and controlling the temperature in the material preparation health room to control the equilibrium moisture content in the material preparation health room from 6% to 8%, so that the wood moisture content is 6% to 8%;
步骤G,从备料养生房领出木材含水率为6%~8%的备料进行抛光、拼版处理;Step G, taking out the raw material with a wood moisture content of 6% to 8% from the raw material health room for polishing and imposition processing;
步骤H,将经过抛光、拼版处理的备料放入中央零件仓养生房,通过控制中央零件仓养生房内的温度,以控制中央零件仓养生房内的平衡含水率为6%~8%,从而使木材含水率为6%~8%;Step H, putting the prepared materials that have been polished and made into pieces into the health care room of the central parts warehouse, and controlling the temperature in the health care room of the central parts warehouse to control the equilibrium moisture content in the health care room of the central parts warehouse to 6% to 8%, so that Make the moisture content of the wood 6% to 8%;
该步骤二,是进行细加工过程前的备料含水率控制阶段,通过控制备料养生房和中央零件仓养生房,为后续的细加工过程中各类机加工工序提供符合含水率要求的木材做好装备。The second step is the moisture content control stage of the material preparation before the fine processing process. By controlling the material preparation health room and the central parts warehouse health room, it is possible to provide wood that meets the moisture content requirements for various machining processes in the subsequent fine processing process. equipment.
步骤三,进行细加工,具体为:Step 3, carry out fine processing, specifically:
步骤I,从中央零件仓养生房内领料,所领料的木材含水率为6%~8%;Step I, picking materials from the health care room of the central parts warehouse, the moisture content of the wood being picked is 6% to 8%;
步骤J,对所领料分别按床类、面板类、零件类和框类进行成型和钻孔加工;Step J, forming and drilling the received materials respectively according to bed type, panel type, part type and frame type;
步骤K,将进行成型和钻孔加工后的床类领料进行组装,组装后放入床组装养生房,通过控制床组装养生房内的温度,以控制床组装养生房内的平衡含水率为6%~8%,从而使木材含水率为6%~8%;将进行成型和钻孔加工后的面板类和零件类领料放入组立养生房,通过控制组立养生房内的温度,以控制组立养生房内的平衡含水率为6%~8%,从而使木材含水率为6%~8%;将进行成型和钻孔加工后的框类领料进行组装,组装后放入框组装养生房,通过控制框组装养生房内的温度,以控制框组装养生房内的平衡含水率为6%~8%,从而使木材含水率为6%~8%;Step K: Assemble the bed materials that have been formed and drilled, put them into the bed assembly health care room after assembly, and control the equilibrium moisture content in the bed assembly health care room by controlling the temperature in the bed assembly health care room 6% to 8%, so that the moisture content of the wood is 6% to 8%; the panels and parts after forming and drilling are put into the group health care room, and the temperature in the group health care room is controlled. , so as to control the equilibrium moisture content in the assembly health care room of 6% to 8%, so that the moisture content of the wood is 6% to 8%; assemble the frames after molding and drilling, and put them Assemble the health care room into the frame, and control the temperature in the frame assembly health care room to control the equilibrium moisture content in the frame assembly health care room from 6% to 8%, so that the moisture content of the wood is 6% to 8%;
步骤L,对木材含水率均为6%~8%的床组装养生房内的床类领料,组立养生房内的面板类和零件类领料,以及框组装养生房内的框类领料,先进行总组装,再进行涂装,最后进行包装。Step L, picking materials for beds in the bed assembly health care room with a wood moisture content of 6% to 8%, picking materials for panels and parts in the assembly health care room, and picking materials for frames in the frame assembly health care room Materials, firstly assemble, then paint, and finally pack.
该步骤三为实木家具的细加工过程,包括有组装、组立、涂装和包装等过程,由于在细加工过程中,木材在某个工序可能需要花耗较长的时间,这个过程中木材的含水率容易受到生产环境的平衡含水率的影响而产生变化,可能导致木材的含水率不符合设定的要求。这就要求在实木家具的细加工过程中,在不同的工序设立相应的养生房,如床组装养生房、组立养生房和框组装养生房等,使得在完成相应工序后对木材的含水率再进行控制,使木材的含水率始终保持在设定的范围内。当进入涂装工序时,木材应立即喷好底漆,这样漆膜就会在家具和大气之间形成保护膜,减少木材对空气水分的吸收。The third step is the fine processing process of solid wood furniture, including the process of assembly, assembly, painting and packaging. Since the wood may take a long time in a certain process during the fine processing process, the wood in this process The moisture content of the wood is easily affected by the equilibrium moisture content of the production environment and changes, which may cause the moisture content of the wood to fail to meet the set requirements. This requires that in the fine processing process of solid wood furniture, corresponding health care rooms should be set up in different processes, such as bed assembly health care rooms, assembly health care rooms, and frame assembly health care rooms, so that the moisture content of the wood can be adjusted after the corresponding processes are completed. Then control to keep the moisture content of the wood within the set range. When entering the painting process, the wood should be sprayed with primer immediately, so that the paint film will form a protective film between the furniture and the atmosphere, reducing the wood's absorption of air moisture.
实施例一中木材含水率控制在6%~8%的范围,主要适用于销往美国等地的实木家具的生产制程。In the first embodiment, the moisture content of the wood is controlled in the range of 6% to 8%, which is mainly applicable to the production process of solid wood furniture sold in the United States and other places.
实施例二,与实施例一不同之处在于,在全实木家具生产制程中,步骤一、步骤二和步骤三均将木材含水率控制在7%,其中步骤一的步骤A中,检测原料的木材含水率时,如果木材含水率≤7%,则进入步骤C;如果木材含水率>7%,则进入步骤B。Example 2, the difference from Example 1 is that in the whole solid wood furniture production process, step 1, step 2 and step 3 all control the moisture content of wood at 7%, wherein in step A of step 1, the moisture content of raw materials is detected For wood moisture content, if the wood moisture content is ≤ 7%, then enter step C; if the wood moisture content > 7%, then enter step B.
实施例三,与实施例一不同之处在于,在全实木家具生产制程中,步骤一、步骤二和步骤三均将木材含水率控制在11%,其中步骤一的步骤A中,检测原料的木材含水率时,如果木材含水率≤11%,则进入步骤C;如果木材含水率>11%,则进入步骤B。Example 3, the difference from Example 1 is that in the production process of all solid wood furniture, the moisture content of the wood is controlled at 11% in Step 1, Step 2 and Step 3, and in Step A of Step 1, the moisture content of the raw materials is detected For wood moisture content, if the wood moisture content is less than or equal to 11%, go to step C; if the wood moisture content is >11%, go to step B.
实施例四,与实施例一不同之处在于,在全实木家具生产制程中,步骤一、步骤二和步骤三均将木材含水率控制在8%~10%的范围,其中步骤一的步骤A中,检测原料的木材含水率时,如果木材含水率≤10%,则进入步骤C;如果木材含水率>10%,则进入步骤B。Embodiment 4 is different from Embodiment 1 in that in the production process of all solid wood furniture, step 1, step 2 and step 3 all control the moisture content of wood in the range of 8% to 10%, wherein step A of step 1 , when detecting the wood moisture content of the raw material, if the wood moisture content is ≤ 10%, then enter step C; if the wood moisture content > 10%, then enter step B.
实施例五,与实施例一不同之处在于,在全实木家具生产制程中,步骤一、步骤二和步骤三均将木材含水率控制在10%~12%的范围,其中步骤一的步骤A中,检测原料的木材含水率时,如果木材含水率≤12%,则进入步骤C;如果木材含水率>12%,则进入步骤B。Embodiment 5 is different from Embodiment 1 in that in the production process of all solid wood furniture, step 1, step 2 and step 3 all control the moisture content of wood in the range of 10% to 12%, wherein step A of step 1 , when detecting the wood moisture content of the raw material, if the wood moisture content is ≤ 12%, then enter step C; if the wood moisture content > 12%, then enter step B.
实施例六,与实施例一不同之处在于,在全实木家具生产制程中,步骤一、步骤二和步骤三均将木材含水率控制在12%~13%的范围,其中步骤一的步骤A中,检测原料的木材含水率时,如果木材含水率≤13%,则进入步骤C;如果木材含水率>13%,则进入步骤B。Embodiment 6, the difference from Embodiment 1 is that in the production process of all solid wood furniture, step 1, step 2 and step 3 all control the wood moisture content in the range of 12% to 13%, wherein step A of step 1 , when detecting the wood moisture content of the raw material, if the wood moisture content is ≤ 13%, then enter step C; if the wood moisture content > 13%, then enter step B.
以上不同实施例说明的是,在实木家具的生产制程中,要根据实木家具销往地区的环境平衡含水率,来决定相应的木材含水率的控制范围,使得实木家具能适用于销往地区的应用。The above different examples illustrate that in the production process of solid wood furniture, the control range of the corresponding wood moisture content should be determined according to the environmental balance moisture content of the area where the solid wood furniture is sold, so that the solid wood furniture can be suitable for the area where the solid wood furniture is sold. application.
本发明所述原料仓养生房、备料养生房、中央零件仓养生房、床组装养生房、组立养生房和框组装养生房均为工作时密封的养生房,养生房内设有蒸汽管、干球温度计和湿球温度计,蒸汽管内流动着由锅炉房内供应的高温蒸汽,通过判断干球温度计与湿球温度计之间的温度差,再根据温度差控制蒸汽管内的高温蒸汽流量来控制养生房内的温度,以控制养生房内的平衡含水率,从而控制木材含水率。各个养生房都由专门的操控人员负责,每隔两个小时必须检查养生房中的平衡含水率是否处于该养生房的设定标准范围内,操控人员读取养生房中的干球温度计和湿球温度计的读数,计算出干球温度计与湿球温度计之间的温度差,按照用于指引操作的对照表,查出当时的养生房平衡含水率,如果平衡含水率过高,则通过增加蒸汽管内的高温蒸汽流量将养生房内的温度适当调高,如果平衡含水率过低,则通过减少蒸汽管内的高温蒸汽流量将养生房内的温度适当调低,如此,藉由随时监控养生房内的平衡含水率,确保各生产制程中木材的含水率可维持在设定的范围内。下面在实施例一的基础上,例举若干例子说明养生房内的平衡含水率的具体控制过程:The raw material warehouse health care room, material preparation health care room, central parts warehouse health care room, bed assembly health care room, assembly health care room and frame assembly health care room described in the present invention are all sealed health care rooms during work. The health care rooms are provided with steam pipes, Dry-bulb thermometer and wet-bulb thermometer, high-temperature steam supplied from the boiler room flows in the steam pipe, by judging the temperature difference between the dry-bulb thermometer and the wet-bulb thermometer, and then controlling the high-temperature steam flow in the steam pipe according to the temperature difference to control the health preservation The temperature in the room is used to control the equilibrium moisture content in the health care room, thereby controlling the moisture content of the wood. Each health care room is in charge of a dedicated operator. Every two hours, it is necessary to check whether the equilibrium moisture content in the health care room is within the set standard range of the health care room. The operator reads the dry bulb thermometer and humidity in the health care room. According to the readings of the bulb thermometer, calculate the temperature difference between the dry bulb thermometer and the wet bulb thermometer, and find out the equilibrium moisture content of the health care room at that time according to the comparison table used to guide the operation. If the equilibrium moisture content is too high, add steam The high-temperature steam flow in the pipe will properly increase the temperature in the health care room. If the equilibrium moisture content is too low, the temperature in the health care room will be appropriately lowered by reducing the high-temperature steam flow in the steam pipe. In this way, by monitoring the temperature in the health care room at any time The balanced moisture content ensures that the moisture content of wood in each production process can be maintained within the set range. Below, on the basis of Embodiment 1, several examples are given to illustrate the specific control process of the equilibrium moisture content in the health care room:
例1,干球温度计的读数为38℃,湿球温度计的读数为28℃,计算出温度差为10℃,按照对照表得知,此时养生房内的平衡含水率为8.1%,高于设定的平衡含水率,需要通过增加蒸汽管内的高温蒸汽流量将养生房内的温度调高到46℃。Example 1, the reading of the dry-bulb thermometer is 38°C, the reading of the wet-bulb thermometer is 28°C, and the calculated temperature difference is 10°C. According to the comparison table, the equilibrium moisture content in the health care room at this time is 8.1%, which is higher than For the set equilibrium moisture content, it is necessary to increase the temperature in the health care room to 46°C by increasing the high-temperature steam flow in the steam pipe.
例2,干球温度计的读数为38℃,湿球温度计的读数为24℃,计算出温度差为14℃,按照对照表得知,此时养生房内的平衡含水率为5.7%,低于设定的平衡含水率,需要通过减少蒸汽管内的高温蒸汽流量将养生房内的温度调低到32℃。Example 2, the reading of the dry bulb thermometer is 38°C, the reading of the wet bulb thermometer is 24°C, and the calculated temperature difference is 14°C. According to the comparison table, the equilibrium moisture content in the health care room at this time is 5.7%, which is lower than For the set equilibrium moisture content, it is necessary to lower the temperature in the health care room to 32°C by reducing the high-temperature steam flow in the steam pipe.
例3,干球温度计的读数为39℃,湿球温度计的读数为27℃,计算出温度差为12℃,按照对照表得知,此时养生房内的平衡含水率为6.9%,处于设定的平衡含水率范围,无需改变养生房内的温度。Example 3, the reading of the dry bulb thermometer is 39°C, the reading of the wet bulb thermometer is 27°C, and the calculated temperature difference is 12°C. According to the comparison table, the equilibrium moisture content in the health care room at this time is 6.9%, which is at the design level. A certain range of equilibrium moisture content without changing the temperature in the health care room.
其中对照表是一种根据实际控制过程中获得的经验表,可根据不同的情况而设定,只需能达到控制含水率目的即可。本发明的原料仓养生房、备料养生房、中央零件仓养生房、床组装养生房、组立养生房和框组装养生房等养生房,正是根据木材的吸湿和脱湿原理而设计,在木材存放区域内控制并维持其环境平衡含水率在6%~8%范围,加工中的木材部件由原料仓领出时含水率为6%~8%,在车间加工过程中木材部件会吸收空气中的水蒸气,使木材含水率逐渐升高,如果在每个加工步骤之后都将木材部件存放于平衡含水率设定为6%~8%的养生房中,则先前加工过程中木材吸湿的水分可在养生房中脱湿,让木材部件的含水率维持在8%以下。Among them, the comparison table is an experience table obtained in the actual control process, which can be set according to different situations, as long as it can achieve the purpose of controlling the moisture content. The health care rooms of the present invention, such as raw material warehouse health care room, material preparation health care room, central parts warehouse health care room, bed assembly health care room, assembly health care room and frame assembly health care room, are designed according to the moisture absorption and dehumidification principle of wood. In the wood storage area, control and maintain its environmental equilibrium moisture content in the range of 6% to 8%. The moisture content of the wood parts being processed is 6% to 8% when they are taken out of the raw material warehouse. The wood parts will absorb air during the processing of the workshop. The water vapor in the wood will gradually increase the moisture content of the wood. If the wood parts are stored in the health care room with the equilibrium moisture content set at 6% to 8% after each processing step, the moisture absorption of the wood during the previous processing will be reduced. Moisture can be dehumidified in the wellness room, keeping the moisture content of the wood parts below 8%.
本发明通过在实木家具的不同生产制程中设定用于控制木材含水率的养生房,如原料仓养生房、备料养生房、中央零件仓养生房、床组装养生房、组立养生房和框组装养生房,使得在繁复的加工流程中木材始终能保持在设定的含水率范围内,最终在完成家具涂装工序后,木材的含水率得以控制在符合整个全实木家具生产制程中所要求的含水率范围内,从而有效保证家具的品质。The present invention sets health care rooms for controlling the moisture content of wood in different production processes of solid wood furniture, such as raw material warehouse health care room, material preparation health care room, central parts warehouse health care room, bed assembly health care room, assembly health care room and frame Assemble the health care room, so that the wood can always be kept within the set moisture content range during the complicated processing process. Finally, after the furniture painting process is completed, the moisture content of the wood can be controlled to meet the requirements of the entire solid wood furniture production process. Within the range of moisture content, so as to effectively ensure the quality of furniture.
以上所述仅是本发明的较佳实施例,故凡依本发明专利申请范围所述的构造、特征及原理所做的等效变化或修饰,均包括于本发明专利申请范围内。The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, so all equivalent changes or modifications made according to the structure, features and principles described in the scope of the patent application of the present invention are included in the scope of the patent application of the present invention.
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魏洪绪等.实木橱柜加工制作技术的研究.《黑龙江生态工程职业学院学报》.2007,第20卷(第5期),50-51. * |
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