CN101613244A - A kind of method that improves granulation performance of urine-based fertilizer - Google Patents
A kind of method that improves granulation performance of urine-based fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN101613244A CN101613244A CN200910162821A CN200910162821A CN101613244A CN 101613244 A CN101613244 A CN 101613244A CN 200910162821 A CN200910162821 A CN 200910162821A CN 200910162821 A CN200910162821 A CN 200910162821A CN 101613244 A CN101613244 A CN 101613244A
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- binding agent
- weight
- urea
- urine
- tablets press
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 80
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 40
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- SSBRSHIQIANGKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N [amino(hydroxy)methylidene]azanium;hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound NC(N)=O.OS(O)(=O)=O SSBRSHIQIANGKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- -1 polymine Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N polynoxylin Chemical compound O=C.NC(N)=O ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- VSNHCAURESNICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyurea Chemical compound NC(=O)NO VSNHCAURESNICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004833 fish glue Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008098 formaldehyde solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940032147 starch Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 244000215068 Acacia senegal Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000006491 Acacia senegal Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005885 boration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008109 sodium starch glycolate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940079832 sodium starch glycolate Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920003109 sodium starch glycolate Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001828 Gelatine Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 34
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920000592 inorganic polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 56
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 34
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 28
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 28
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 14
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019830 sodium polyphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000004176 ammonification Methods 0.000 description 2
- QLULGSLAHXLKSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;phosphane Chemical compound N.P QLULGSLAHXLKSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LEHOTFFKMJEONL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Uric Acid Chemical compound N1C(=O)NC(=O)C2=C1NC(=O)N2 LEHOTFFKMJEONL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVWHNULVHGKJHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Uric acid Natural products N1C(=O)NC(=O)C2NC(=O)NC21 TVWHNULVHGKJHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P].[K] Chemical compound [N].[P].[K] WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HIVLDXAAFGCOFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium hydrosulfide Chemical compound [NH4+].[SH-] HIVLDXAAFGCOFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006012 monoammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940116269 uric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Landscapes
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of method that improves granulation performance of urine-based fertilizer, belong to field of compound fertilizer production.By adding binding agent in the granulation loop, described binding agent is one or more the mixture in water-soluble organic synthesis high molecular polymer, inorganic polymer or mineral compound filler, the natural or semi-synthetic water-soluble polymer; Perhaps add can with the reagent of urea react with, generate thickening material, obtain stickiness urea melting liquid, send into again in the tablets press, after solid material that comes with return conveyer and returning charge mix, bonded pelleting.The present invention is simple, be convenient to operation, can improve granulation performance of urine-based fertilizer, reduces the returning charge amount, and device capbility significantly improves; And because the adding of binding agent, increased the slow release effect of nitrogen, and improve utilization rate of fertilizer, reduced the loss of nitrogen element in soil.
Description
Technical field
The invention provides a kind of method that improves granulation performance of urine-based fertilizer, belong to field of compound fertilizer production.
Background technology
Traditional composite fertilizer producing process mainly contains granulating method, whitewashing coating granulation method, tubular reactor whitewashing bonded pelleting method, high tower prilling etc. according to granulating principle difference.Granulating method or tubular reactor whitewashing bonded pelleting method all are to adopt the liquid viscosity slip to mix in the cylinder that constantly rotates with solid fertilizer, lean on the rolling of cylinder to drive particle motion in the bucket, and mutual extruding is bonding, forms qualified fertilizer particle.The liquid phase of granulating method adds mainly by replenishing steam or adding water and washings is realized.
Tubular reactor whitewashing adhesive granulating process is to feed liquid raw materials such as ammonia, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, washings in tubular reactor, after chemical reaction generates mixed slurries such as the higher phosphorus ammonium of viscosity, sulphur ammonium, spray into the material bed of rolling, play the effect of raw material and binding agent simultaneously.Wherein the method for granulating method and tubular reactor whitewashing bonded pelleting is applicable to the urine base manure that nitro fertilizer or nitrogen content are not high.But when nitrogen content surpasses 20% in the finished product urine base manure, this technology granulating difficulty then, device capbility declines to a great extent, its major cause is that nitrogen content is when higher, need a large amount of urea in the raw material, and solid urea or urea melting liquid lack viscosity, be not easy and other phosphorus potash fertilizer bonding granulating.Because the adding of a large amount of urea plays a major role to bonded pelleting, the phosphor ammonium slurry that viscosity is bigger reduces the granulating difficulty.
Therefore, provide a kind of method that improves granulation performance of urine-based fertilizer, increase the granulating rate of urine base manure, just become the technical barrier that the present technique field need solve.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method that improves granulation performance of urine-based fertilizer, present method is by adding the higher additional adhesive of viscosity, perhaps, improve the granulating rate of urine base manure by in urea melting liquid, adding and assisting bonded pelleting with the modes such as reagent of urea react with.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of method that improves granulation performance of urine-based fertilizer; Granular Urea is joined in the urea melting groove; heating and melting after pump delivery to tablets press; mixing of materials with the granulation loop; adopt tubular reactor whitewashing bonded pelleting; it is characterized in that: add binding agent or reagent in the granulation loop, described reagent and urea generation chemical reaction generate binding agent.
A kind of optimal technical scheme is characterized in that: described binding agent or reagent, and in tablets press or urea melting groove, adding.
A kind of optimal technical scheme is characterized in that: described binding agent is one or more the mixture that is selected from polyacrylamide, polymine, polyoxyethylene, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium polyacrylate, water soluble phenol resin, poly-phosphate, urea formaldehyde, Ureaphil, ureasulfuric acid, attapulgite, wilkinite, bentonite, montmorillonite, Zinic stearas, Sudan Gum-arabic, Xylo-Mucine, sodium hydroxyethlcellulose, casein, boration dextrin, treated starch, gelatine, bean gum, fish glue, sodium starch glycolate or the sodium alginate.
A kind of optimal technical scheme is characterized in that: described reagent is one or more in formaldehyde, sulfuric acid or the phosphoric acid.
A kind of optimal technical scheme, it is characterized in that: when described binding agent or reagent join in the tablets press, it is the aqueous solution or the suspension of 1～70 (weight) % that binder making becomes concentration, and the amount that adds adhesive solution or suspension in the unit time is 10～30 weight % of fertilizer output; Perhaps add the formaldehyde solution of 30～40 weight %, the sulphuric acid soln of 93～98 weight % or the phosphoric acid solution of 45～55 weight %, the amount that adds reagent solution in the unit time is 10～30 weight % of fertilizer output.
A kind of optimal technical scheme; it is characterized in that: described binding agent is a polyacrylamide; polymine; polyoxyethylene; polyvinyl alcohol; sodium polyacrylate; water soluble phenol resin; Sudan Gum-arabic; Xylo-Mucine; sodium hydroxyethlcellulose; casein; the boration dextrin; treated starch; gelatine; bean gum; fish glue; when sodium starch glycolate or sodium alginate; be mixed with the aqueous solution or suspension that concentration is 1～10 weight %, joining the adhesive solution in the tablets press or the amount of suspension in the unit time is 10～15 (weight) % of fertilizer output.
A kind of optimized technical scheme; it is characterized in that: when described binding agent is poly-phosphate or urea formaldehyde; be mixed with the aqueous solution or suspension that concentration is 20～30 weight %, joining the adhesive solution in the tablets press or the amount of suspension in the unit time is 15～20 (weight) % of fertilizer output.
A kind of optimized technical scheme; it is characterized in that: when described binding agent is ureasulfuric acid, Ureaphil, attapulgite, wilkinite, bentonite or montmorillonite; be mixed with the aqueous solution or suspension that concentration is 50～70 weight %, joining the adhesive solution in the tablets press or the amount of suspension in the unit time is 20～30 (weight) % of fertilizer output.
A kind of optimal technical scheme is characterized in that: when described binding agent or reagent join in the urea melting groove, directly add the formaldehyde solution of binding agent or 30～40 weight %, the sulphuric acid soln of 93～98 weight % or the phosphoric acid solution of 45～55 weight %; The add-on of described binding agent or reagent solution is 25%～85% of a weight of urea.
The production of general urine base manure is to adopt fusing urea as raw material and binding agent; Granular Urea is joined in the urea melting groove; mix with the general industry water; be steam heated to 120～140 ℃ of fusions; urea strong solution after the fusion through pump delivery to tablets press; mixing of materials with the granulation loop; the bonding granulating; flow into drying machine along the granulation loop; at this dry transpiring moisture, dried loop material is through screening, and qualified particle diameter fertiliser granulates is as finished product fertilizers; defective particle returns the granulation loop as returning charge, constantly finishes whole granulation circulation.The major equipment of granulation loop comprises tablets press, drying machine, return conveyer, sieve apparatus, crusher, bucket elevator etc.The raw material of composite fertilizer's production usefulness constantly enters this loop by the tablets press part of loop, and the finished product fertilizer of qualified particle diameter is told unlap by the screening part of loop from loop.Wherein raw material comprises solid materials such as liquid starting materials such as fusing urea, ammonia, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and Repone K, monoammonium phosphate, granular urea.
The present invention plays increase liquid slip viscosity by adding adhesive for granulating, promotes granulated purpose.These binding agents comprise water-soluble organic synthesis high molecular polymer, as polyacrylamide, polymine, polyoxyethylene, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium polyacrylate, water soluble phenol resin etc.; Inorganic polymer, the mineral compound filler, thickening material is as poly-phosphate, urea formaldehyde, Ureaphil, ureasulfuric acid, attapulgite, wilkinite, bentonite, montmorillonite, Zinic stearas etc.; Natural or semi-synthetic water-soluble polymer is as Sudan Gum-arabic, Xylo-Mucine, sodium hydroxyethlcellulose, casein, boration dextrin, treated starch, gelatine, bean gum, fish glue, sodium starch glycolate, sodium alginate etc.More than these additives be that the aqueous solution own has high slumpability a bit, as Xylo-Mucine, sodium hydroxyethlcellulose, treated starch, Sudan Gum-arabic etc., some is the viscosity that increases urea soln as filler, such as attapulgite, wilkinite, bentonite, montmorillonite etc.
In the above binding agent one or more are mixed mutually, be mixed with 1%～70% aqueous solution or suspension and directly feed in the tablets press; Perhaps join in the fusing urea, increase the viscosity of urea melting liquid, reach and improve granulated purpose.
Viscosity such as Xylo-Mucine are higher, and do not contain crop necessary nitrogen phosphorus potassium or middle trace element, and this class binding agent can adopt the aqueous solution of 1%～10% low concentration.
According to the viscosity difference, the amount that the unit time adds adhesive solution or suspension is 10%～30% of a unit time fertilizer output.
These binding agents are applicable to the production of nitrogen content at the urine base manure more than 20%.When being binding agent, played the slow releasing function of nitrogen simultaneously with the urea formaldehyde.
Formaldehyde, strong phosphoric acid or the vitriol oil etc. are by to realize that the thickening of uric acid fused solution increases glutinous with the chemical reaction of urea, such as the strong phosphoric acid or the vitriol oil are joined in the fusing urea, generate bigger Ureaphil or the ureasulfuric acid of viscosity.Urea formaldehyde be by urea and 36% formaldehyde solution at 80～120 ℃, the polycondensation under alkalescence, acid or medium-sized condition generates the agroform of macromolecule.The principal reaction equation is:
Generate Ureaphil, ureasulfuric acid after sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid join in the fusing urea, increased the viscosity of urea, the viscous solution of generation can reach 50%～85% high density.(being meant the concentration of the binding agent of generation)
The method of raising granulation performance of urine-based fertilizer of the present invention has following several outstanding advantage:
1, the inventive method is by adding the higher additional adhesive of viscosity or can assisting bonded pelleting with the modes such as reagent that urea reaction generates binding agent in tablets press or urea melting groove; improved granulation performance of urine-based fertilizer; reduce the returning charge amount, significantly improved device capbility.
2, present method is simple, is convenient to operation.The easy granulating of this technology, when nitrogen content is higher, also easy and other phosphorus potash fertilizer bonding granulating.Owing to the adding of binding agent, increased the slow release effect of nitrogen, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, reduced the loss of nitrogen element in soil.
The present invention will be further described below by the drawings and specific embodiments, but and do not mean that limiting the scope of the invention.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of granulation process of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, be the schematic flow sheet of granulation process of the present invention.Among the figure, 1 is the material in granulation loop, and 2 is phosphoric acid, and 3 is sulfuric acid; 4 is washings, and 5 is liquefied ammonia, and 6 is tubular reactor, and 7 is tablets press; 8 are the granulation outlet material, and 9 is drying machine, and 10 is dry outlet material, and 11 are the screening shredder assembly; 12 is the finished product particle, and 13 is packing plant, and 14 is urea melting liquid; 15 is the urea melting groove, and 16 is the binding agent dissolving tank, and 17 is binder solution; 18 is binding agent, and 19 are the general industry water, and 20 is urea.
By setting up binding agent dissolving tank 16, generate binder solution 17, directly send into tablets press 7 by pipeline, mix the bonding granulating mutually with the material 1 in granulation loop with the ammonification slip of tubular reactor 6 ejections; Perhaps binding agent is directly joined urea melting groove 15, and send in the tablets press 7 after the urea congruent melting.
Perhaps add reagent in tablets press 7 or urea melting groove 15, described reagent and urea generation chemical reaction generate binding agent.
Embodiment 1
With 24-05-10 urine base manure kind is example, and the device designed capacity is 40t/h.Former charging capacity be liquefied ammonia 5 with 3.5t/h, phosphoric acid 2 is with 2.9t/h, sulfuric acid 3 is with 10.0t/h; washings 45.7t/h feeds tubular reactor 6; urea melting liquid 14 directly feeds tablets press 7 with 7.5t/h, mixes the bonding granulating in tablets press 7 with the material 1 in granulation loop.
With the Xylo-Mucine is binding agent; preparation contains the binder solution 17 of 2% Xylo-Mucine, 1% Zinic stearas and 5% sodium starch glycolate in binding agent dissolving tank 16; add tablets press 7 with 8.0t/h speed; liquefied ammonia 5 is with 6.2t/h, and phosphoric acid 2 is with 5.1t/h, and sulfuric acid 3 is with 17.0t/h; washings 34.7t/h; urea melting liquid 14 charging capacitys are 5.5t/h, and device capbility is brought up to 70t/h, and the productivity ratio design load improves 75%.Gained finished product fertilizer nutrient is N%:24.3%, P
2O
5%:5.5%, K
2O%:10.3%.
Embodiment 2
With embodiment 1; preparation contains the binder solution 17 of 8% boration dextrin, 1% casein and 3% treated starch in binding agent dissolving tank 16; add tablets press 7 with 10.5t/h speed; liquefied ammonia 5 is with 6.2t/h, and phosphoric acid 2 is with 5.5t/h, and sulfuric acid 3 is with 17.0t/h; washings 40.5t/h; urea melting liquid 14 charging capacitys are 5.5t/h, and device capbility is brought up to 70t/h, and the productivity ratio design load improves 75%.Gained finished product fertilizer nutrient is N%:24.3%, P
2O
5%:6.0%, K
2O%:10.3%.
Embodiment 3
With 25-05-20 urine base manure kind is example, and the adding additives plant capacity is not 50t/h.Former charging capacity be liquefied ammonia 5 with 0.6t/h, contain 50%P
2O
5Strong phosphoric acid 2 is with 5.0t/h, and washings 25.5t/h feeds tubular reactor 6, and urea melting liquid 14 directly feeds tablets press 7 with 13.5t/h, mixes the bonding granulating in tablets press 7 with the material 1 in granulation loop.
With the Xylo-Mucine is binding agent; preparation contains the binder solution 17 of 1% Xylo-Mucine in binding agent dissolving tank 16, and this adhesive solution add-on is the about 21% of unit time fertilizer output, promptly adds tablets press 7 with 15.0t/h speed; liquefied ammonia 5 contains 50%P with 0.6t/h
2O
5Strong phosphoric acid 2 is with 5.0t/h, washings 18.5t/h, and urea melting liquid 14 charging capacitys are 6.5t/h, and device capbility is brought up to 70t/h, and productivity ratio does not add the Xylo-Mucine binding agent and improves 40%.Gained finished product fertilizer nutrient is N%:25.0%, P
2O
5%:5.5%, K
2O%:20.3%.
Embodiment 4
With embodiment 3, be binding agent with the polyacrylamide, preparation contains the binder solution 17 of 10% polyacrylamide in binding agent dissolving tank 16; this adhesive solution add-on is 10% of a unit time fertilizer output; promptly add tablets press 7 with 6.5t/h speed, liquefied ammonia 5 contains 50%P with 0.6t/h
2O
5Strong phosphoric acid 2 is with 5.0t/h, washings 22.5t/h, and urea melting liquid 14 charging capacitys are 7.5t/h, and device capbility is brought up to 65t/h, and productivity ratio does not add the polyacrylamide binding agent and improves 30%.Gained finished product fertilizer nutrient is N%:25.0%, P
2O
5%:5.5%, K
2O%:20.3%.
Embodiment 5
With embodiment 3; with the water soluble phenol resin is binding agent; preparation contains the binder solution 17 of 10% water soluble phenol resin in binding agent dissolving tank 16; this adhesive solution add-on is 15% of a unit time fertilizer output; promptly add tablets press 7 with 9.8t/h speed; liquefied ammonia 5 contains 50%P with 0.8t/h
2O
5Strong phosphoric acid 2 is with 5.0t/h, washings 28.5t/h, and urea melting liquid 14 charging capacitys are 7.5t/h, and device capbility is brought up to 65t/h, and productivity ratio not adding water soluble phenolic resin adhesive improves 30%.Gained finished product fertilizer nutrient is N%:25.5%, P
2O
5%:5.5%, K
2O%:20.3%.
Embodiment 6
With 20-05-20 urine base manure kind is example, and the adding additives plant capacity is not 65t/h.Former charging capacity be liquefied ammonia 5 with 0.6t/h, contain 50%P
2O
5Strong phosphoric acid 2 is with 5.0t/h, and washings 30.5t/h feeds tubular reactor 6, and urea melting liquid 14 directly feeds tablets press 7 with 13.5t/h, mixes the bonding granulating in tablets press 7 with the material 1 in granulation loop.
With the wilkinite is binding agent; preparation contains 70% bentonitic binding agent suspension 17 in binding agent dissolving tank 16, and this binding agent suspension add-on is the about 20% of unit time fertilizer output, promptly adds tablets press 7 with 17t/h speed; liquefied ammonia 5 contains 50%P with 0.6t/h
2O
5Strong phosphoric acid 2 is with 5.0t/h, washings 18.5t/h, and urea melting liquid 14 charging capacitys are 13.5t/h, and device capbility is brought up to 84t/h, and productivity ratio does not add bentonite adhesive and improves about 30%.Gained finished product fertilizer nutrient is N%:20.0%, P
2O
5%:5.5%, K
2O%:20.3%.
Embodiment 7
With 20-05-20 urine base manure kind is example, and the adding additives plant capacity is not 65t/h.Former charging capacity be liquefied ammonia 5 with 0.6t/h, contain 50%P
2O
5Strong phosphoric acid 2 is with 5.0t/h, and washings 30.5t/h feeds tubular reactor 6, and urea melting liquid 14 directly feeds tablets press 7 with 13.5t/h, mixes the bonding granulating in tablets press 7 with the material 1 in granulation loop.
With the ureasulfuric acid is binding agent; preparation contains the binding agent suspension 17 of 50% ureasulfuric acid in binding agent dissolving tank 16, and this binding agent suspension add-on is the about 30% of unit time fertilizer output, promptly adds tablets press 7 with 24.5t/h speed; liquefied ammonia 5 contains 50%P with 0.6t/h
2O
5Strong phosphoric acid 2 is with 5.0t/h, washings 8.5t/h, and urea melting liquid 14 charging capacitys are 10.5t/h, and device capbility is brought up to 80t/h, and productivity ratio does not add the ureasulfuric acid binding agent and improves about 23%.Gained finished product fertilizer nutrient is N%:20.0%, P
2O
5%:5.5%, K
2O%:20.3%.
Embodiment 8
With embodiment 7, be binding agent with the urea formaldehyde, preparation contains the binding agent suspension 17 of 20% urea formaldehyde in binding agent dissolving tank 16; this binding agent suspension add-on is about 20% of a unit time fertilizer output; promptly add tablets press 7 with 16.0t/h speed, liquefied ammonia 5 contains 50%P with 0.6t/h
2O
5Strong phosphoric acid 2 is with 5.0t/h, washings 15.5t/h, and urea melting liquid 14 charging capacitys are 6.5t/h, and device capbility is brought up to 80t/h, and productivity ratio does not add the urea formaldehyde binding agent and improves about 23%.Gained finished product fertilizer nutrient is N%:20.0%, P
2O
5%:5.5%, K
2O%:20.3%.
Embodiment 9
With embodiment 7, be binding agent with the sodium polyphosphate, preparation contains the binding agent suspension 17 of 30% sodium polyphosphate in binding agent dissolving tank 16; this binding agent suspension add-on is about 15% of a unit time fertilizer output; promptly add tablets press 7 with 11.3t/h speed, liquefied ammonia 5 contains 50%P with 0.6t/h
2O
5Strong phosphoric acid 2 is with 5.0t/h, washings 20.5t/h, and urea melting liquid 14 charging capacitys are 10.5t/h, and device capbility is brought up to 75t/h, and productivity ratio does not add the sodium polyphosphate binding agent and improves about 15%.Gained finished product fertilizer nutrient is N%:20.0%, P
2O
5%:5.5%, K
2O%:20.3%.
Embodiment 10
With 20-05-20 urine base manure kind is example, and the adding additives plant capacity is not 65t/h.Former charging capacity be liquefied ammonia 5 with 0.6t/h, contain 50%P
2O
5Strong phosphoric acid 2 is with 5.0t/h, and washings 30.5t/h feeds tubular reactor 6, and urea melting liquid 14 directly feeds tablets press 7 with 13.5t/h, mixes the bonding granulating in tablets press 7 with the material 1 in granulation loop.
95% sulfuric acid directly is passed in the tablets press, and the sulfuric acid add-on is the about 20% of unit time fertilizer output, promptly adds tablets press 7 with 16.3t/h speed, and liquefied ammonia 5 contains 50%P with 0.6t/h
2O
5Strong phosphoric acid 2 is with 5.0t/h, washings 20.5t/h, and urea melting liquid 14 charging capacitys are 10.5t/h, and device capbility is brought up to 75t/h, and productivity ratio does not add sulphate reagent and improves about 15.4%.Gained finished product fertilizer nutrient is N%:20.3%, P
2O
5%:5.3%, K
2O%:20.3%.
Embodiment 11
With embodiment 10, formaldehyde solution (concentration is 36%) directly is passed in the tablets press, the formaldehyde solution add-on is the about 10% of unit time fertilizer output, promptly adds tablets press 7 with 8.2t/h speed, liquefied ammonia 5 contains 50%P with 0.6t/h
2O
5Strong phosphoric acid 2 is with 5.0t/h, washings 15.5t/h, and urea melting liquid 14 charging capacitys are 12.5t/h, and device capbility is brought up to 75t/h, and productivity ratio does not add formaldehyde reagent and improves about 15.4%.Gained finished product fertilizer nutrient is N%:21.5%, P
2O
5%:5.5%, K
2O%:20.3%.
Embodiment 12
With embodiment 10,93% sulfuric acid directly is passed in the tablets press, the sulfuric acid add-on is the about 30% of unit time fertilizer output, promptly adds tablets press 7 with 24.5t/h speed, liquefied ammonia 5 contains 50%P with 0.6t/h
2O
5Strong phosphoric acid 2 is with 5.0t/h, washings 17.5t/h, and urea melting liquid 14 charging capacitys are 10.5t/h, and device capbility is brought up to 78t/h, and productivity ratio does not add sulphate reagent and improves about 20%.Gained finished product fertilizer nutrient is N%:22.5%, P
2O
5%:4.5%, K
2O%:18.3%.
Embodiment 13
With 28-9-11 urine base manure kind is example.Former charging capacity be liquefied ammonia 5 with 1.2t/h, phosphoric acid 2 is with 6.3t/h, washings 44.5t/h feeds tubular reactor 6, urea melting liquid 14 directly feeds tablets press 7 with 8.5t/h, mix in tablets press 7 with the material 1 in granulation loop, the bonding granulating.Actual production capacity is 35t/h.
In the urea melting groove, add 36% formalin, its add-on is the about 26% of weight of urea, the urea formaldehyde that formalin and urea reaction generate is a binding agent.Be that actual charging capacity is: with 36% formaldehyde with 3.5t/h; urea adds urea melting groove 15 with 12.5t/h speed, formaldehyde and urea polycondensation, and temperature of reaction is 95 ℃; 1.5 hours time, reacted moisture 18% slip directly feeds tablets press 7 as urea melting liquid 14 with 17.2t/h.Liquefied ammonia 5 is with 2.0t/h, and phosphoric acid 2 is with 11.7t/h, and washings 41.5t/h feeds tubular reactor 6, and the ejection slip mixes with the material 1 in granulation loop, the bonding granulating.Improving the back production capacity is 65t/h, improves 85.7%.Gained finished product fertilizer nutrient is N%:28.3%, P
2O
5%:9.5%, K
2O%:11.3%.
Embodiment 14
With 24-05-10 urine base manure kind is example, and the device designed capacity is 40t/h.Former charging capacity be liquefied ammonia 5 with 3.5t/h, phosphoric acid 2 is with 2.9t/h, sulfuric acid 3 is with 10.0t/h; washings 45.7t/h feeds tubular reactor 6; urea melting liquid 14 directly feeds tablets press 7 with 7.5t/h, mixes the bonding granulating in tablets press 7 with the material 1 in granulation loop.
Sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid and urea are together fed in the urea melting groove, and ureasulfuric acid and Ureaphil that reaction obtains are binding agent, and wherein the add-on of sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid is 85% of a weight of urea, are about to 98% vitriol oil 18 with 3.5t/h, contain 52%P
2O
5Strong phosphoric acid 18 is with 2.9t/h; urea 20 adds urea melting groove 15 with 7.55t/h speed; replenish an amount of general industry water 19; temperature of reaction is 105 ℃; time is 15 minutes; the ureasulfuric acid that reaction generates and the total concn of Ureaphil are 85%, and this urea melting liquid 14 directly feeds tablets press 7 with 16.6t/h.Liquefied ammonia 5 is with 6.2t/h, and phosphoric acid 2 is with 2.2t/h, and sulfuric acid 3 is with 14.0t/h, and washings 44.7t/h feeds tubular reactor 6, the ammonification whitewashing.Device capbility is brought up to 65t/h, and the productivity ratio design load improves 62.5%.Gained finished product fertilizer nutrient is N%:24.3%, P
2O
5%:5.3%, K
2O%:10.3%.
Embodiment 15
With 28-9-11 urine base manure kind is example.Former charging capacity be liquefied ammonia 5 with 1.2t/h, phosphoric acid 2 is with 6.3t/h, washings 44.5t/h feeds tubular reactor 6, urea melting liquid 14 directly feeds tablets press 7 with 8.5t/h, mix in tablets press 7 with the material 1 in granulation loop, the bonding granulating.Actual production capacity is 35t/h.
In the urea melting groove, add fish glue, its add-on is the about 25% of weight of urea, fish glue plays the effect of thickening tackify in the fused solution of urea.Be that actual charging capacity is: with 3.1t/h, urea adds urea melting groove 15 with 12.5t/h speed with fish glue, and reacted moisture 20% slip directly feeds tablets press 7 as urea melting liquid 14 with 17.2t/h.Liquefied ammonia 5 is with 2.0t/h, and phosphoric acid 2 is with 11.7t/h, and washings 41.5t/h feeds tubular reactor 6, and the ejection slip mixes with the material 1 in granulation loop, the bonding granulating.Improving the back production capacity is 60t/h, improves 71.4%.Gained finished product fertilizer nutrient is N%:28.3%, P
2O
5%:9.5%, K
2O%:11.3%.
Embodiment 16
With embodiment 15, in the urea melting groove, add polyoxyethylene, its add-on is the about 50% of weight of urea, polyoxyethylene plays the effect of thickening tackify in the fused solution of urea.Be that actual charging capacity is: with 6.3t/h, urea adds urea melting groove 15 with 12.5t/h speed with polyoxyethylene, and reacted moisture 20% slip directly feeds tablets press 7 as urea melting liquid 14 with 18.8t/h.Liquefied ammonia 5 is with 2.0t/h, and phosphoric acid 2 is with 11.7t/h, and washings 10.5t/h feeds tubular reactor 6, and the ejection slip mixes with the material 1 in granulation loop, the bonding granulating.Improving the back production capacity is 60t/h, improves 71.4%.Gained finished product fertilizer nutrient is N%:28.3%, P
2O
5%:9.5%, K
2O%:11.3%.
Embodiment 17
With embodiment 15, in the urea melting groove, add montmorillonite, its add-on is the about 85% of weight of urea, montmorillonite plays the effect of thickening tackify in the fused solution of urea.Be that actual charging capacity is: with 8.9t/h, urea adds urea melting groove 15 with 10.5t/h speed with montmorillonite, and reacted moisture 25% slip directly feeds tablets press 7 as urea melting liquid 14 with 26.0t/h.Liquefied ammonia 5 is with 2.0t/h, and phosphoric acid 2 is with 11.7t/h, and washings 5.5t/h feeds tubular reactor 6, and the ejection slip mixes with the material 1 in granulation loop, the bonding granulating.Improving the back production capacity is 65t/h, improves 85.7%.Gained finished product fertilizer nutrient is N%:26.5%, P
2O
5%:8.5%, K
2O%:10.5%.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of method that improves granulation performance of urine-based fertilizer; Granular Urea is joined in the urea melting groove; heating and melting after pump delivery to tablets press; mixing of materials with the granulation loop; adopt tubular reactor whitewashing bonded pelleting; it is characterized in that: add binding agent or reagent in the granulation loop, described reagent and urea generation chemical reaction generate binding agent.
2, the method for raising granulation performance of urine-based fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described binding agent or reagent, and in tablets press or urea melting groove, adding.
3, the method of raising granulation performance of urine-based fertilizer according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described binding agent is for being selected from polyacrylamide, polymine, polyoxyethylene, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium polyacrylate, water soluble phenol resin, poly-phosphate, urea formaldehyde, Ureaphil, ureasulfuric acid, attapulgite, wilkinite, bentonite, montmorillonite, Zinic stearas, Sudan Gum-arabic, Xylo-Mucine, sodium hydroxyethlcellulose, casein, the boration dextrin, treated starch, gelatine, bean gum, fish glue, the mixture of one or more in sodium starch glycolate or the sodium alginate; Described reagent is one or more in formaldehyde, sulfuric acid or the phosphoric acid.
4, the method for raising granulation performance of urine-based fertilizer according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: when described binding agent or reagent join in the tablets press, it is the aqueous solution or the suspension of 1～70 (weight) % that binder making becomes concentration, and the amount that adds adhesive solution or suspension in the unit time is 10～30 weight % of fertilizer output; Perhaps add the formaldehyde solution of 30～40 weight %, the sulphuric acid soln of 93～98 weight % or the phosphoric acid solution of 45～55 weight %, the amount that adds reagent solution in the unit time is 10～30 weight % of fertilizer output.
5; the method of raising granulation performance of urine-based fertilizer according to claim 4; it is characterized in that: described binding agent is a polyacrylamide; polymine; polyoxyethylene; polyvinyl alcohol; sodium polyacrylate; water soluble phenol resin; Sudan Gum-arabic; Xylo-Mucine; sodium hydroxyethlcellulose; casein; the boration dextrin; treated starch; gelatine; bean gum; fish glue; when sodium starch glycolate or sodium alginate; be mixed with the aqueous solution or suspension that concentration is 1～10 weight %, joining the adhesive solution in the tablets press or the amount of suspension in the unit time is 10～15 (weight) % of fertilizer output.
6, the method for raising granulation performance of urine-based fertilizer according to claim 4; it is characterized in that: when described binding agent is poly-phosphate or urea formaldehyde; be mixed with the aqueous solution or suspension that concentration is 20～30 weight %, joining the adhesive solution in the tablets press or the amount of suspension in the unit time is 15～20 (weight) % of fertilizer output.
7, the method for raising granulation performance of urine-based fertilizer according to claim 4; it is characterized in that: when described binding agent is ureasulfuric acid, Ureaphil, attapulgite, wilkinite, bentonite or montmorillonite; be mixed with the aqueous solution or suspension that concentration is 50～70 weight %, joining the adhesive solution in the tablets press or the amount of suspension in the unit time is 20～30 (weight) % of fertilizer output.
8, the method for raising granulation performance of urine-based fertilizer according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: when described binding agent or reagent join in the urea melting groove, directly add the formaldehyde solution of binding agent or 30～40 weight %, the sulphuric acid soln of 93～98 weight % or the phosphoric acid solution of 45～55 weight %; The add-on of described binding agent or reagent solution is 25%～85% of a weight of urea.
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