CN101602430A - Quasi double-hinge gate mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of is the quasi double-hinge gate mechanism that is used for big-and-middle-sized horizontal vessel, comprises hinge protecgulum (7,13), hinge connecting rod (9,14), hinge bonnet (11,15), hinge axis (8,10), bearing (12,16) and limits commentaries on classics connecting rod (19) to limit the nail (20) etc. of shipping and reselling on another market.Hinge protecgulum (7,13) is connected with steelframe (5) with gate and gate flange (3,4), and hinge bonnet (11,15) is connected with steelframe (6) with cabin body (1) and cabin body flange (2), and a rigidity structure is formed in gate (4) and quasi double-hinge linkage.Gate (4), hinge protecgulum (7,13) and connection steelframe (5) can be done limited rotation around hinge front axle (8), and rotational angle is relevant with the design adjustable range; Gate (4), hinge protecgulum (7,13), hinge front axle (8), hinge connecting rod (9,14) can be made holoaxial around hinge rear axle (10) and rotate, and realize the switching at gate.Because any gate flange (3) of back appearance and the situation that cabin body flange (2) is not fitted are closed in the gate that the deadweight of process and assemble sum of errors gate causes, can compensate around the different directions rotation by hinge protecgulum (7,13) and hinge connecting rod (9,14), two end face of flange are fitted fully.

Description

Quasi double hinge gate mechanism

【Technical field】

The invention relates to a quasi-double-hinge gate mechanism, which belongs to the field of gate mechanisms for large and medium-sized horizontal containers.

【Background technique】

The hinged gate mechanism is a common form of large and medium-sized horizontal container gate mechanisms with a diameter greater than Ф4m. According to the number of hinge axes, it can be divided into single hinge type and multi hinge type. The single-hinge structure is simple, but due to processing and assembly errors in the production and assembly process of the single-hinge type, the door is usually "closed" (the end face of the door flange does not fit the flange end face of the cabin, and the end faces of the two flanges do not fit together). misalignment) problem. During long-term operation, the deformation of the hinge structure due to the self-weight of the door will aggravate the degree of "lax closing". When the door is forcibly closed, the door flange will generate oblique shear force on the sealing ring. Cut off quickly or seriously reduce the performance of the sealing ring. The multi-hinge gate mechanism can well solve the problem of “not closing tightly” the gate, but each additional hinge axis increases the degree of freedom of the gate mechanism operation, which makes the operation control of the gate mechanism more difficult and requires additional control guide rails, etc. Attachments. In addition, the structural strength of the multi-hinge gate mechanism is worse than that of the single-hinge structure. How to strengthen the strength of the hinge structure is also an important factor to be considered in the hinged gate structure.

Generally speaking, the following factors should be considered in the design of the hinged gate mechanism of large and medium-sized horizontal containers or cabins: (1) the effective bearing of the gate's own weight; (2) overcoming the structural deformation caused by the gate's own weight; (3) the gate structure After deformation, it is a compensation mechanism that ensures the fitting of the flange end face of the cabin body and the flange end face of the door.

【Content of invention】

The invention discloses a quasi-double-hinge gate mechanism. The quasi-double-hinge gate mechanism means that the opening and closing of the gate is realized by a double-hinge mechanism. The opening and closing of the other axis is limited, which compensates for the problem that the end faces of the two flanges do not fit when the gate is closed.

The quasi-double hinge gate mechanism comprises hinge front covers (7,13), hinge connecting rods (9,14), hinge rear covers (11,15), hinge shafts (8,10) and bearings (12,16) and the like. The hinge front cover (7, 13) is connected with the door (4) and the door flange (3) with a steel frame (5), and the hinge back cover (11, 15) is connected with the cabin body (1) and the cabin body flange (2) Connect with a steel frame (6) to ensure that the entire hinge mechanism can effectively bear the force and moment generated by the self-weight of the gate on the hinge mechanism.

The gate (4), the hinged front cover (7, 13) and the connecting steel frame (5) can perform limited rotation around the hinged front shaft (8), which is used to compensate for the displacement or dislocation when the end faces of the two flanges do not fit together; the gate (4), hinge front cover (7,13), hinge front axle (8), hinge connecting rod (9,14) can do full-axis rotation around hinge rear axle (10), realize the opening of door (3,4) close.

The positive effects of the quasi-double hinge gate mechanism are:

1. The hinged front cover (7, 13) is connected with the door and the door flange (3, 4) with a steel frame (5), and the hinged rear cover (11, 15) is connected with the cabin body (1) and the cabin body flange (2 ) is connected with a steel frame (6), and the door (4) and the quasi-double hinge mechanism are formed into a steel structure, and the weight of the door (4) is applied to the cabin body (1) through the quasi-double hinge mechanism, effectively bearing the weight of the door. Gravity, and the force and moment that the self-weight of the door is aligned with the double hinge mechanism are shared on the connecting steel frame (6).

2. The gate (4), hinge front cover (7, 13), hinge front shaft (8), and hinge connecting rod (9, 14) can do full-axis rotation around the hinge rear shaft (10), realizing the gate (3, 4 ) opening and closing; the gate (4), the hinged front cover (7, 13) and the connecting steel frame (5) can rotate around the hinged front shaft (8) for limited rotation, which is used to compensate for the displacement or dislocation.

3. When the door flange (3) does not fit the cabin body flange (2) after the door is closed due to processing and assembly errors and the self-weight of the door, the front cover (7, 13) and the hinge can be connected under any circumstances. The back cover (11, 15) rotates in different directions to compensate, and finally the end faces of the two flanges are completely attached.

4. The plane where the axis of the hinge rear axle (10) and the axis of the hinge front axle (8) are located is perpendicular to the central axis of the cabin (1), ensuring that the door (3) rotates around the hinge rear axle (10) to compensate for the two flanges When the end faces do not fit together, the misalignment displacement of the end faces of the two flanges is the smallest.

【Description of drawings】

Figure 1 Simplified diagram of quasi-double hinge mechanism

Figure 2 Analysis of the shaft of the quasi-double-hinge door mechanism

Figure 3 Schematic Diagram of Quasi-Double-Hinged Door Mechanism

Figure 4 Assembly drawing of quasi-double hinge mechanism

Fig.5 Schematic diagram of displacement compensation of quasi-double hinge mechanism

Figure 6 Analysis diagram of limited rotation angle of quasi-double hinge mechanism

In the figure: 1-cabin body, 2-cabin body flange, 3-door flange, 4-door head, 5-door reinforcement rib, 6-cabin body reinforcement rib, 7-upper hinge front cover, 8-hinge Front axle, 9-upper hinge link, 10-hinge rear axle, 11-upper hinge rear cover, 12-conical bearing, 13-lower hinge front cover, 14-lower hinge link, 15-hinge rear cover, 16 cylinder Bearing, 17-bearing bracket, 18-pollution-proof cover, 19-rotation-limiting connecting rod, 20-rotation-limiting pin.

【Detailed ways】

Further illustrate the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

The quasi-double hinge mechanism can be simplified into a three-link mechanism, as shown in Figure 1, because the hinge rear axle (10) is connected with the hinge rear cover (11, 15), and the hinge rear cover (11, 15) is fixed to the cabin On the body (1), it is easy to know that the position of the hinge rear axle (10) is fixed, and the hinge front axle (8) is owing to linking to each other with the hinge front cover (9, 14) and moving together with the door (4), so the hinge front axle (8 ) is indeterminate. Link to each other with hinge connecting rod (9,14) between two hinge shafts, establish hinge connecting rod (9,14) long and all be L. The hinge rear cover (11,15) is connected on the cabin body (1) or the cabin body flange (2), and the length is L1, and the other end is connected on the hinge rear axle (10). Hinge front cover (7,13) one end is connected on the door flange (3), and the other end is connected on the hinge front axle (8), and long all is L2. The design goal of the quasi-double hinge gate mechanism is to make the moment arm of the entire hinge mechanism the shortest, that is, under the premise of ensuring the realization of the hinge structure function, the hinge front cover (7, 13) L2, hinge connecting rod (9, 14) L, hinge The back cover (11, 15) L1 should be the shortest.

Ideally, when the gate (4) is closed, assuming that the positional relationship of the hinged front cover (7, 13), the hinged link (9, 14) and the hinged rear cover (11, 15) is shown in Figure 1, the two hinges The plane where the axis of the shaft (8, 10) is located cannot be parallel to the central axis of the cabin (1) (that is, α≠0), otherwise the hinge rear cover (11, 15) and the hinge connecting rod (9, 14) will be behind the hinge. "Dead point" occurs at the joint of the axle (10), and the angle between the axis of the hinge connecting rod (9,14) and the axis of the cabin body (1) is α. Assume that when the hinge rear axle (10) is used as a 360-degree full-rotation axis, the hinge front axle (8) is a limited rotation axis, and the position determination of the hinge rear axle (10) is related to the ability to adjust the end faces of the two flanges. Assuming that the two flanges The non-fitting distance of the end face is w, in order to compensate the non-fitting distance w, the rotation angle of the hinge rear shaft (10) is β, and the following geometric relationship can be obtained from the figure:

$\mathrm{the\; s}=2L\sin \left(\frac{\mathrm{\β}}{2}\right)\&Center\; Dot;\cos (\frac{\mathrm{\β}}{2}+\mathrm{\α})$ Formula 1

In Formula 1, s is the moving distance of the hinged front cover (7, 13) along the axial direction vertical to the cabin body (the dislocation displacement of the end faces of the two flanges). In the design of the quasi-double hinge door mechanism, the dislocation displacement s will cause the The sealing ring fails due to shear force, so try to avoid or minimize the value of s. It can be seen from formula 1 that the rotation angle of the hinge rear axle (10) is very small, which can be regarded as a fixed value, and the length of the hinge connecting rod (9, 14) L is also a fixed value, so the misalignment displacement s is related to the hinge connecting rod (9, 14) 14) The axis is related to the cosine of the angle α between the axis of the cabin body (1). When α is 90 degrees, the misalignment displacement is the smallest, that is, after the door is closed in an ideal state, the axis of the hinge connecting rod (9, 14) should be in line with the front of the hinge. The axes of the covers (7, 13) coincide.

The left figure in Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram after the gate (4) is closed in an ideal state. When the gate (4) is opened, different shafts are selected as the full rotation shaft, and there are two different situations. Assume that the hinge front axle (8) is a full-rotation axis, as shown in the middle figure in Figure 2; assume that the hinge rear axle (10) is a full-rotation axis, as shown in the right figure in Figure 2. As can be seen from the figure, the running track of the gate (4) is the smallest when the gate (4) is opened and closed around the hinge front axle (8), and the required space for the gate (4) operation is less. ) is ideal as a full-rotation shaft. But, with the hinge front axle (8) as the full rotation axis, when the door (4) is in the open state, the force received by the upper and lower hinge links (9, 14) is not in the plane where the hinge links (9, 14) are located, and the upper hinge The connecting rod (9) is subjected to the pulling force F derived from the gravity P of the door (4), and the lower hinge connecting rod (14) is subjected to the thrust F1 derived from the self-weight P of the door (4). The angle the planes make is close to 90 degrees. Because the upper and lower hinge connecting rods (9, 14) are plane steel frame structures, it is better to the force bearing effect in the plane where the plane steel frame is located, but poor to the force bearing effect not in the plane.

From the above analysis, it can be seen that the quasi-double hinge gate mechanism should not select the hinge front axle (8) as the full rotation axis. When the hinge rear axle (10) is used as the full rotation axis, when the door (4) moves, the plane steel frame composed of the upper and lower hinge front covers (7, 13) and the plane steel frame composed of the upper and lower hinge connecting rods (9, 14) are basically located in the same position. In the plane, and the gravity P of the door (4) is also basically in the plane, by strengthening the strength of the plane steel frame composed of the upper and lower hinge front cover (7, 13) and the plane steel frame composed of the upper and lower hinge connecting rods (9, 14) , can offset the force and moment of the self-weight of the gate (4) on the steel frame.

According to the above conclusions, the design of the quasi-double hinge gate mechanism is shown in Figure 3, and the assembly diagram of the hinge mechanism is shown in Figure 4. The upper stress unit of the hinge front shaft (8) is a tapered roller bearing (12), which not only bears the radial force Bear the axial force again, the lower stress unit of the hinge front axle (8) is a cylindrical roller bearing (16), which only bears the radial force, the upper and lower stress units of the hinge rear axle (10) and the hinge front axle ( 8) Similar. The hinged front cover (7, 13) can rotate slightly around the hinged front shaft (8), the hinged front shaft (8) is connected and fixed with the hinge connecting rod (9, 14) with a key, and the hinged connecting rod (9, 14) can be rotated around the hinge Rear axle (10) full-axis rotation, hinge rear axle (10) is connected and fixed with hinge back cover (11,15) with key. The micro-rotation of the hinge front shaft (8) is realized by the rotation-limiting connecting rod (19) and the rotation-limiting pin (20) installed in the middle part of the hinge front shaft (8). ) and the door flange (3) are fixed with a steel frame.

Further below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 5, the compensation function when the quasi-double hinge gate mechanism occurs when the gate flange (3) end face and the cabin flange (2) end face do not fit when the gate (4) is closed. Quasi-double-hinged door mechanism, due to the error of processing and assembly and the deformation of the hinge mechanism caused by the self-weight of the door, will cause the hinge mechanism to deviate from the theoretical design position, so that when the door (4) is closed, the flange end face of the door and the flange end face of the cabin do not fit Condition. The left figure in Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the position of the hinge mechanism after the door (4) is closed in an ideal state. When the hinge mechanism deviates from the theoretical design position, there are two situations: when the hinge rear axle (10) falls on the right side of the design point, as shown in the figure As shown in the middle figure in 5, after the door is closed, there is a gap between the door flange and the cabin flange near the hinge and the far end contacts. At this time, the hinge connecting rod (9, 14) turns slightly counterclockwise, and the hinge front cover (7, 13) Turn clockwise slightly to compensate for the non-fitting problem of the two flange end faces; when the hinge rear axle (10) falls on the left side of the design point, as shown in the right figure in Figure 5, the gate (4) is closed and the gate method The flange (3) is in contact with the cabin flange (2) near the hinge and there is a gap at the far end. At this time, the hinge connecting rod (9, 14) turns slightly clockwise, and the hinge front cover (7, 13) turns slightly counterclockwise. The problem that the end faces of the two flanges do not fit can be compensated.

The rotatable angle θ of the hinged front shaft (8) is related to the length L2 of the hinged front cover (7, 13) and the axial misalignment distance w, as shown in Figure 6. By analyzing its geometric relationship, it is obtained:

w＝L2·sinθ Formula 2

It can be seen from formula 2 that when the rotatable angle θ is constant, the longer the hinge front cover (7, 13) L2 is, the larger the adjustment non-fitting distance w is, assuming that the hinge front cover (7, 13) length L2 = 150mm, the design is adjustable When the non-fitting distance w≥10mm, only the rotatable angle θ≥3.8 degrees is required.

Claims (7)

1, quasi double-hinge gate mechanism comprises hinge protecgulum (7,13), hinge connecting rod (9,14), hinge bonnet (11,15), hinge axis (8,10), bearing (12,16) and limit commentaries on classics connecting rod (19), limits the nail (20) etc. of shipping and reselling on another market.Hinge protecgulum (7,13) is connected with steelframe (5) with gate (4) and gate flange (3); Hinge bonnet (11,15) is connected with steelframe (6) with cabin body (1) and cabin body flange (2); Gate (4), hinge protecgulum (7,13) and connection steelframe (5) can be done limited rotation around hinge front axle (8); Gate (4), hinge protecgulum (7,13), hinge front axle (8), hinge connecting rod (9,14) can be made holoaxial around hinge rear axle (10) and rotate.

2, quasi double-hinge gate mechanism as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: hinge protecgulum (7,13) is connected with steelframe (5) with gate and gate flange (3,4), hinge bonnet (11,15) is connected with steelframe (6) with cabin body (1) and cabin body flange (2), a rigidity structure is formed in gate (4) and quasi double-hinge linkage, the weight of gate (4) is affacted on the cabin body (1) by quasi double-hinge mechanism, effectively bear the gravity at gate, and the power that the gate produces from the realignment double hinge mechanism shared with moment be connected on the steelframe (6).

3, quasi double-hinge gate mechanism as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the last stress unit of hinge front axle (8) is born diametral load and axial force respectively by tapered roller bearing, and diametral load is born by cylindrical roller bearing in the lower stress unit of hinge front axle (8); The last stress unit of hinge rear axle (10) is born diametral load and axial force respectively by tapered roller bearing, and diametral load is born by cylindrical roller bearing in the lower stress unit of hinge rear axle (10).

4, quasi double-hinge gate mechanism as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: gate (4), hinge protecgulum (7,13), hinge front axle (8), hinge connecting rod (9,14) can be made holoaxial around hinge rear axle (10) and rotate, and realize the switching at gate (3,4); Gate (4), hinge protecgulum (7,13) and connect steelframe (5) and can do limited rotation around hinge front axle (8), displacement or dislocation when being used to compensate two end face of flange and not fitting.

5, quasi double-hinge gate mechanism as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that:, do the force-bearing situation that the holoaxial rotation energy effectively improves quasi double-hinge gate mechanism around the hinge rear axle though that gate (4) make the running orbit that holoaxial rotates when making holoaxial around hinge front axle (8) and rotate around hinge rear axle (10) is big.

6, quasi double-hinge gate mechanism as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the axis of hinge rear axle (10) is vertical with the axis of cabin body (1) with the plane at the axis place of hinge front axle (8), guarantee gate (3) when hinge rear axle (10) rotation compensation two end face of flange are not fitted, the dislocation displacement minimum of two end face of flange.

7, quasi double-hinge gate mechanism as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: because the structural distortion that the deadweight of process and assemble sum of errors gate causes, the situation that the end face of gate flange (3) and cabin body flange (2) is not fitted can appear when the gate is closed, no matter which kind of situation can be rotated around different directions by hinge protecgulum (7,13) and hinge bonnet (11,15) compensates, and two end face of flange are fitted fully.

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