[go: up one dir, main page]

CN101595421A - High performance selective optical wavelength filtering providing improved contrast sensitivity - Google Patents

High performance selective optical wavelength filtering providing improved contrast sensitivity Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN101595421A
CN101595421A CNA2007800505362A CN200780050536A CN101595421A CN 101595421 A CN101595421 A CN 101595421A CN A2007800505362 A CNA2007800505362 A CN A2007800505362A CN 200780050536 A CN200780050536 A CN 200780050536A CN 101595421 A CN101595421 A CN 101595421A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
eye
light
blue
wavelength
dyestuff
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CNA2007800505362A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
A·W·伊沙克
J·N·哈多克
W·科科纳斯基
D·P·杜斯丁
V·S·艾尔
R·D·布伦
S·P·麦金尼斯
M·佩卡德尤斯
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
High Performance Optics Inc
Original Assignee
High Performance Optics Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by High Performance Optics Inc filed Critical High Performance Optics Inc
Priority to CN202010086633.4A priority Critical patent/CN111292615B/en
Priority to CN201710363855.4A priority patent/CN107272223A/en
Publication of CN101595421A publication Critical patent/CN101595421A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02CSPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
    • G02C7/00Optical parts
    • G02C7/10Filters, e.g. for facilitating adaptation of the eyes to the dark; Sunglasses
    • G02C7/104Filters, e.g. for facilitating adaptation of the eyes to the dark; Sunglasses having spectral characteristics for purposes other than sun-protection
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02CSPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
    • G02C7/00Optical parts
    • G02C7/10Filters, e.g. for facilitating adaptation of the eyes to the dark; Sunglasses
    • G02C7/102Photochromic filters

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Eyeglasses (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to ophthalmic systems comprising selective light wavelength filters, wherein the selective filters provide improved contrast sensitivity.

Description

The high performance selective light wavelength filtering of improved contrast sensitivity is provided
Background of invention
Electromagnetic radiation from the sun continues the bombardment earth atmosphere.Light is made of the electromagnetic radiation of advancing with waveshape.Electromagnetic spectrum comprises radiowave, millimeter wave, microwave, infrared light, visible light, ultraviolet light (UVA and UVB), x-ray and gamma-rays.Visible spectrum comprises the longest visible wavelength and about 400nm (nanometer or 10 of about 700 nanometers -9Rice) minimal wave length.Blue light wavelength drops in the scope of 400 nanometer to 500 nanometers roughly.For ultraviolet bands of a spectrum, the UVB wavelength is 290 nanometer to 320 nanometers, and the UVA wavelength is 320 nanometer to 400 nanometers.γ and x-ray constitute the higher frequency of this spectrum and by Atmospheric Absorption.The wavelength spectrum of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is the 100-400 nanometer.Most of UVR wavelength is by Atmospheric Absorption, except the stratospheric ozone loss zone.At nearest 20 years, document was verified, and the loss of ozonosphere is mainly owing to industrial pollution.The UVR that improves exposes and has public health influence widely, because estimate to have the UVR illness in eye and the skin disease of increase.
Ozonosphere absorbs the wavelength of the highest 286 nanometers, therefore prevents that biosome is exposed under the radiation with highest energy.But we are exposed under the wavelength that is higher than 286 nanometers, and its major part drops in people's visible spectrum (400-700 nanometer).Human retina only responds the visible light part of electromagnetic spectrum.Shorter wavelength causes maximum harm, because they contain more macro-energy on the contrary.Blue light has shown it is the part that in the visible spectrum animal retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cell is caused maximum photochemical damage.The exposure of these wavelength is known as blue light harm, because these wavelength are perceived as blueness by human eye.
Cataract and macular degeneration extensively are considered to respectively owing to intraocular lens and amphiblestroid photochemical damage.Blue light exposes and has also shown the propagation of quickening the uvea melanocyte.There is most the photon of energy to have 380 to 500 nano wave lengths and be perceived as purple or blueness in the visible spectrum.As Mainster and Sparrow, " How Much Blue Light Should anIOL Transmit? " Br.J.Ophthalmol., 2003, the 87 volumes, described in 1523-29 page or leaf and Fig. 6, the phototoxic wavelength dependency of summing up on all mechanism is typically expressed as action spectrum.In no artificial lenticular eyes (aphakic eye), the light that wavelength is shorter than 400 nanometers can cause damage.In phakic eye, this light is absorbed by the intraocular lens and is not also therefore caused the retina phototoxicity; But it can cause lenticular optics deterioration or cataract.
The pupil response of eyes is the suitable light retinal illuminance of unit with trolands, and it is the product of incident flux and amphiblestroid wavelength dependency sensitivity and pupil projected area.At Wyszecki and Stiles, Color Science:Concepts and Methods, QuantitativeData and Formulae (Wiley:New York) 1982 has especially described this sensitivity in the 102-107 page or leaf.
The following prerequisite of the strong support of existing research, promptly the short-wavelength visible light (blue light) of about 400 nanometers-500 of wavelength nanometer may be the origin cause of formation of AMD (age-related macular degeneration).It is believed that in about 430 nano-area, as occurring the highest blue light absorption level in 400 nanometers-460 nanometer.Research shows that further blue light worsens other paathogenic factor (as heredity, smoke from cigarette and excessively alcohol picked-up) among the AMD.
Human retina comprises multilayer.These layers of listing to the most further order with the layer of any light of entering eyes from initial contact comprise:
1) nerve fibre layer
2) gangliocyte
3) inner plexiform layer
4) bipolar horizontal cell
5) outer plexiform layer
6) photoreceptor (rod cell and cone cell)
7) retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)
8) Bruch ' s film
9) choroid
When light was absorbed by eyes photosensory cell (rod cell and cone cell), cell bleached and becomes non-sensitivity, recovers until them.This rejuvenation is metabolic process, and is known as " visual cycle ".The absorption of blue light has shown this process of too early reverse.This too early reverse has improved the risk of oxidative damage and it is believed that and caused the accumulation of pigment lipofuscin in retina.This accumulation occurs in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) layer.It is believed that because excessive amounts of lipofuscin forms the extracellular material aggregation that is known as drusen.
Existing studies show that, a people in life, from the baby, because light and amphiblestroid interaction, the metabolic waste accessory substance accumulates in the amphiblestroid pigment epithelial layer.This metabolic waste is characterised in that some fluorophore, the most significant a kind of be lipofuscin composition A2E.The in vitro study of Sparrow shows that the lipofuscin chromophore A2E that finds is the biglyyest by 430 nanometer optical excitation in RPE.In theory, when the combination of the accumulation body of this metabolic waste (especially lipofuscin fluorophore) reaches when necessarily gathering degree, reach bursting point (tipping point), the physiological potency at some this refuse of retina intracellular metabolite of human body descends when the people reaches the given age threshold value, and suitably the blue light stimulation of wavelength causes forming drusen in the RPE layer.It is believed that drusen further disturbs the normal physiologic/metabolic capability that allows the plain arrival of proper nutrition photoreceptor subsequently, causes age-related macular degeneration (AMD) thus.AMD is the main cause of irreversible serious visual acuity loss in the U.S. and the western countries.Because the expectation change of population and the overall increase of the elderly's quantity, estimating can significantly increase following 20 years AMD patients.
Drusen hinder or prevention RPE layer provide the proper nutrition element for photoreceptor, and this causes these cells injury or even dead.Make this process more complicated be that when lipofuscin absorbed a large amount of blue light, it became poisonous, caused the further damage and/or the death of RPE cell.It is believed that lipofuscin composition A2E is responsible for short wavelength's sensitivity of RPE cell to small part.A2E has shown the biglyyest by blue-light excited; Can cause cell death by this photochemistry incident that causes that excites.Referring to people such as for example Janet R.Sparrow, " Blue light-absorbing intraocularlens and retinal pigment epithelium protection in vitro; " J.CataractRefract.Surg.2004, the 30th volume, 873-78 page or leaf.
From view of theory, as if following situation takes place:
1) runs through all one's life since infancy, the refuse accumulation takes place in the pigment epithelium aspect.
2) the retina metabolic activity and the ability of this refuse of processing descend with age growth usually.
3) macular pigment reduces with age growth usually, leaches less blue light thus.
4) blue light causes lipofuscin to become poisonous.The toxicity that is produced is destroyed pigment epithelial cell.
The exposure in UVA and UVB radiation has standard about people's vision for illumination and sight protectio industry.Surprisingly, about blue light without any this class standard.For example, in the conventional fluorescent lamps pipe that nowadays can get, the main ultraviolet blocking-up of glass outer cover, but blue light sees through almost undampedly.In some cases, outer cover is designed to have the transmission of raising in the spectrum blue light region.Eye injury also may be caused in this artificial light harm source.
The laboratory evidence that the Sparrow of Columbia University draws shows, if block the blue light of about 50% in 430 ± 30 nanometer wavelength range, then the RPE cell death that causes of blue light may reduce maximum 80%.Outer wearing glasses (as sunglasses, glasses, safety goggles) and the contact lens of attempting to improve the healthy block blue light of eye are for example disclosed in the U.S. Patent No. 6,955,430 of authorizing Pratt.Other eye that is purpose away from this phototoxicity light with the protection retina comprises intraocular lens and contact lens with equipment.These are placed light path between surround lighting and the retina with equipment, and contain or be coated with the dyestuff of selective absorption blue light and ultraviolet light usually.
Other eyeglass of attempting to reduce by block blue light aberration is known.Aberration is caused by the optical dispersion of eye medium (comprising cornea, intraocular lens, hydratoid and vitreous humor).This chromatic dispersion focuses on the image plane different with long wavelength's more light blue light, causes defocusing of full-colour image.In the U.S. Patent No. 6,158,862 of authorizing people such as Patel, the U.S. Patent No. 5 of authorizing Jinkerson, 662,707, authorize the U.S. Patent No. 5,400 of Johansen, 175 and authorize and described conventional blu-ray blocking-up eyeglass in the U.S. Patent No. 4,878,748 of Johansen.
Reduce the classic method of the blue light exposure of eye medium and end the light that is lower than threshold wavelength usually fully, also reduce the exposure of longer wavelength simultaneously.For example, authorize the U.S. Patent No. 6,955 of Pratt, the transmission as shown in Fig. 6 of Pratt ' 430 of the eyeglass described in 430 is less than the incident light that 40% wavelength reaches 650 nanometers.Johansen and Diffendaffer be in U.S. Patent No. 5,400, and disclosed blue blocking eyeglass makes the optical attenuation of whole visible spectrum more than 60% as shown in Fig. 3 of ' 175 patent similarly in 175.
The scope of the blue light that balance is blocked and amount may be difficult, because blocking-up and/or colour balance, color vision and this sensation look with equipment when suppressing blue light and can influence a people and see through eye and observe with equipment.For example, shooting glasses looks like jonquilleous and block blue light.When seeing to blue sky, shooting glasses makes some color become more obvious usually, thereby makes the ejaculator faster more accurately see the target that is aimed at.Although this is applicable to shooting glasses, it is unacceptable for many eyes with purposes.Especially, this class eye may not have the beauty treatment attractive force owing to the yellow that is caused by blue blocking in the eyeglass or amber tone with system.More particularly, a kind of common technology of blue blocking relates to blue blocking colorant such as BPI Filter Vision 450 or BPI Diamond Dye 500 painted or dyeing with eyeglass.Can be for example by in containing the temper tiniting jar of blue blocking dye solution, realizing eyeglass one period schedule time of dipping painted.Usually, this dye solution has yellow or amber and therefore gives eyeglass yellow or amber tone.For many people, the outward appearance of this yellow or amber tone is not desirable in beauty treatment.In addition, this tone may disturb eyeglass user's normal color sensation, causes being difficult to the color of for example correct perception traffic lights or sign.
Made great efforts to compensate the yellow effect of conventional blu-ray beam cut filter.For example, used additional dye (as blueness, redness or green colouring material) to handle the blue blocking eyeglass to offset the yellow effect.This processing makes additional dye mix mutually with original blue blocking dyestuff.But although this technology may alleviate the yellow in the blue blocking eyeglass, the mutual mixing of dyestuff may reduce blue blocking effectiveness owing to allowing more blue spectrum to see through.In addition, these conventional arts desirably do not reduce total transmission of blue light wavelength optical wavelength in addition.This undesired reduction can cause eyeglass user's visual acuity to reduce again.
Have been found that traditional blue blocking reduces visible transmission, this stimulates platycoria again.The expansion of pupil improves the luminous flux that arrives interior ocular structure (comprising intraocular lens and retina).Because the radiation flux that arrives these structures square improves with pupil diameter, the eyeglass of blocking half blue light but having a visible transmission of reduction makes pupil be relaxed to 3 mm dias from 2 mm dias, and the dosage that in fact will arrive amphiblestroid blue photons improves 12.5%.The protection retina depends on the amount of clashing into amphiblestroid this light away from phototoxicity light, and it depends on the transmission property of a medium and the dynamic aperture that depends on pupil.Up to now, the still not mentioned pupil of research before is to preventing the influence of phototoxic blue light.
Another problem of conventional blu-ray blocking-up is that it can reduce night vision.Blue light is for low light levels or noctovision is compared light or photopic vision is more important, and for noctovision and photopic vision, its result presses quantitaes in the light sensitivity spectrum.Photochemistry and oxidation reaction cause the intraocular lens to organize the absorption to 400 to 450 nanometer light to raise naturally with age growth.Also reduce with age growth although be responsible for the quantity of the shaft-like photoreceptor of low light vision on the retina, the absorption of intraocular lens's raising is important for reducing night vision.For example, noctovision sensitivity reduced by 33% at 53 years old among the intraocular lens, reduced by 75% among the intraocular lens at 75 years old.At Mainster and Sparrow, " How Much Light Should and IOL Transmit? " Br.J.Ophthalmol, 2003, the 87 volumes have further described the balance between retina protection and the noctovision sensitivity in the 1523-29 page or leaf.
The classic method of blue blocking can also comprise by or high-pass filters specify the transmission of blue light or ultraviolet wavelength to reduce to 0 being lower than.For example, may be fully or all light that almost completely blocking-up is lower than threshold wavelength.For example, authorize U.S. publication application No.2005/0243272 and the Mainster of Mainster, " Intraocular Lenses Should Block UVRadiation and Violet but not Blue Light; " Arch.Ophthal, the 123rd volume, the 550th page (2005) have described the blocking-up of all light of the threshold wavelength that is lower than 400 to 450 nanometers.This blocking-up may be unacceptable, because along with the border of long logical light filter turns to longer wavelength, the expansion of pupil improves total flux.As mentioned above, this can reduce noctovision sensitivity and improve cross-color.
Recently, in intraocular lens (IOL) field about keeping acceptable photopic vision, noctovision, color vision and suitable ultraviolet light and blue blocking of circadian while to have arguement.
Consider aforementioned content, need to provide the eye system of one or more following effects:
1) has the blue blocking of acceptable blue light protection level
2) acceptable color beauty treatment property promptly when the wearer wears, is observed this people with system and is felt that it is look neutrality basically
3) the acceptable color perception of user.Need not damage wearer's color vision especially and further can not make the unhappy eye system of wearer from the reflection levels of this system's back surfaces to wearer's eye
4) the acceptable transmittance of the wavelength beyond the blue light wavelength.Needing especially can be in the eye system of transmission above selective exclusion blue light wavelength in 80% visible light
5) acceptable photopic vision, noctovision, color vision and/or circadian rhythm
Because more and more data positive sense blue lights are one of paathogenic factors possible in macular degeneration (main cause of losing one's sight in the industrialization world) and other retinal disease, have the demand.
Summary of the invention
The eye that the present invention relates to comprise the selective light wavelength light filter is used system, and wherein said selective filter provides improved contrast sensitivity.
The accompanying drawing summary
Figure 1A and 1B have shown the eye that comprises rear portion blue blocking parts and the anterior colour balance parts example of system.
Fig. 2 has shown that use stain resistance (dye resist) forms the example of eye with system.
Fig. 3 has shown the blue blocking parts that have in the eye lens that is integrated into transparent or substantially transparent and the example system of colour balance parts.
Fig. 4 has shown that exemplary that rubbing method forms in the use mould is used system.
Fig. 5 has shown the combination of two eye usefulness parts.
Fig. 6 has shown that exemplary of the use antireflection coatings is used system.
Fig. 7 A-7C has shown blue blocking parts, colour balance parts and the eye various example combinations with parts.
Fig. 8 A and 8B have shown the eye that comprises multi-functional blue blocking and the colour balance parts example of system.
Fig. 9 has shown the benchmark of the observed color corresponding with various CIE coordinates.
Figure 10 has shown the transmission of GENTEX E465 absorbing dye.
Figure 11 has shown the absorbance log of GENTEX E465 absorbing dye.
Figure 12 has shown the transmissivity of the polycarbonate substrate with the dye strength that is fit to absorption 430 nanometer range.
Figure 13 has shown the transmissivity with wavelength variations of the polycarbonate substrate that has antireflection coatings.
Figure 14 has shown the color diagram of the polycarbonate substrate that has antireflection coatings.
Figure 15 has shown uncoated polycarbonate substrate and has had the transmissivity with wavelength variations of the polycarbonate substrate of antireflection coatings on two-sided.
Figure 16 has shown 106 nano-TiOs on polycarbonate substrate 2The spectral-transmission favtor of layer.
Figure 17 has shown 106 nano-TiOs on polycarbonate substrate 2The color diagram of layer.
Figure 18 has shown 134 nano-TiOs on polycarbonate substrate 2The spectral-transmission favtor of layer.
Figure 19 has shown 134 nano-TiOs on polycarbonate substrate 2The color diagram of layer.
Figure 20 has shown and has been applicable to that colour balance has the spectral-transmission favtor of modification AR coating of the substrate of blue light absorption dyestuff.
Figure 21 has shown and has been applicable to that colour balance has the color diagram of modification AR coating of the substrate of blue light absorption dyestuff.
Figure 22 has shown the spectral-transmission favtor of the substrate with blue light absorption dyestuff.
Figure 23 has shown the color diagram of the substrate with blue light absorption dyestuff.
Figure 24 has shown the spectral-transmission favtor of the substrate with blue light absorption dyestuff and back side AR coating.
Figure 25 has shown the color diagram of the substrate with blue light absorption dyestuff and back side AR coating.
Figure 26 has shown the spectral-transmission favtor that has the blue light absorption dyestuff and have the substrate of AR coating on positive and the back side.
Figure 27 has shown the color diagram that has the blue light absorption dyestuff and have the substrate of AR coating on positive and the back side.
Figure 28 has shown the spectral-transmission favtor of the substrate with blue light absorption dyestuff and colour balance AR coating.
Figure 29 has shown the color diagram of the substrate with blue light absorption dyestuff and colour balance AR coating.
Figure 30 has shown the exemplary eye equipment that comprises film.
Figure 31 has shown the distinctive optical transmission of exemplary film.
Figure 32 has shown the exemplary eye that comprises film system.
Figure 33 has shown the example system that comprises film.
Figure 34 A and B have shown respectively as the pupil diameter of the function of field luminance and pupil area.
Figure 35 shows the transmitted spectrum of the film that Bei perylene is dye adulterated, and wherein the product of concentration and path draws under about 437 nanometers about 33% transmissivity.
Figure 36 shows that Zai perylene concentration is under the about 2.27 times of high situations shown in the preceding figure, the transmitted spectrum of membrane according to the invention.
Figure 37 has shown SiO 2And ZrO 2Six layers of exemplary transmitted spectrum that piles up part.
Figure 38 has shown at (L *, a *, b *) the corresponding benchmark color coordinates of Mang Saier color lump (tiles) that sends with designated light source in the color space.
Figure 39 A has shown the gamut column diagram of the Mang Saier color lump (colortiles) of relevant light filter.Figure 39 B has shown the gamut that is caused by relevant blue blocking light filter.
Figure 40 has shown the gamut column diagram of the perylene dyeing substrate of Ben Faming.
Figure 41 has shown the transmitted spectrum of system of the present invention.
Figure 42 has shown a column diagram, and it has been summarized for Mang Saier color lump (tiles), the cross-color of equipment of the present invention in daylight.
Figure 43 A-14B has shown the representative series of not agnate subject's skin reflectance spectra.
Figure 44 has shown that the exemplary skin reflex of Caucasian's object compares spectrum.
Figure 45 has shown the transmitted spectrum of various eyeglasses.
Figure 46 has shown exemplary dyes.
Figure 47 has shown the eye system with hard conating.
Figure 48 has shown near the transmissivity that becomes with wavelength of the selective filter that has strong absorption band 430 nanometers.
Detailed Description Of The Invention
Embodiment of the present invention relate to the eye system that carries out effective blue blocking in the product that provides the beauty treatment attraction, user's normal or acceptable color perception and the high transmitted light ratio for good visual acuity. Provide a kind of to use system, it can provide 80% or the better average transmission of visible light, the selective wavelength (" blue blocking ") that suppresses blue light, realize wearer's suitable color vision performance, and the observer who wears the wearer of this eyeglass or lens systems for observation provides the outward appearance of Essential colour neutrality. As used herein, " the average transmission " of system refers to the average transmission of the wavelength in certain limit (such as visible spectrum). A certain system also can characterize by " the light transmission " of this system, and it refers to according to the mean value certain wave-length coverage in of eyes in the sensitivity weighting under each wavelength. System as herein described can use various optical coatings, film, material and absorbing dye to produce required effect.
More specifically, embodiment of the present invention can provide effective blue blocking and colour balance." colour balance " used herein or " through colour balance " is meant yellow or amber, or other unacceptable effect of blue blocking is lowered, is cancelled, is neutralized or otherwise gone up acceptable result by compensation to produce beauty treatment, and do not reduce blue blocking simultaneously and render a service.For example, can block and equal or near the wavelength of 400 nanometers-460 nanometer or reduce its intensity.Especially, for example, can block and equal or near the wavelength of 420 nanometers-440 nanometer or reduce its intensity.In addition, the transmission of Zu Duan wavelength can not remain on high level, and for example at least 80%.In addition, for the external observer, this eye seems transparent or substantially transparent with system.For the user of system, color perception normally maybe can be accepted.
" eye use system " used herein comprise and be used for for example transparent or shell, sunglasses, have or not have visible painted and/or beauty treatment with painted contact lens, intraocular lens (IOL), corneal graft, corneal inlay, cornea coverture (corneal on-lays) and electroactive prescription or the OTC (over-the-counter) eye lens of using equipment, and can be processed or process or combine with other parts required function to provide this paper to be described in further detail.The present invention can be designed so that be applied directly in the cornea tissue.
" eye material " used herein is to be usually used in making eye to use system, as the material of correcting lens.Exemplary eye comprises glass, plastics such as CR-39, Trivex and makrolon material with material, yet also can use other material and be known for various eyes with system.
Eye can be included in the blue blocking parts at colour balance parts rear portion with system.Blue blocking parts or colour balance parts can be eye is used parts with parts (as eyeglass) or formation eye parts.These rear portion blue blocking parts and anterior colour balance parts can be on one or more surfaces of eye lens or adjacent with its one or more surfaces or at its independent stratum of one or more near surfaces.The colour balance parts can reduce or in and the yellow or the amber tone of rear portion blue blocking parts, go up acceptable outward appearance thereby produce beauty treatment.For example, for the external observer, this may seem transparent or substantially transparent with system.For the user of system, color perception normally maybe can be accepted.In addition, because this blue blocking colorant and colour balance colorant do not mix mutually, the wavelength in can block blue light spectrum or reduce its intensity and for the wavelength of blocking-up not, incident light can be at least 80% at this with the intensity in transmission in the system.
As mentioned above, the blue blocking technology is known.The known technology of block blue light wavelengths comprises absorption, reflection, interferes or its any combination.As mentioned above, according to a kind of technology, eyeglass can be by ratio or the suitable blue blocking colorant of concentration, as BPI Filter Vision 450 or BPI Diamond Dye 500 painted/dyeing.This painted can for example realization by eyeglass is flooded one period schedule time in painted jar of the heating that contains the blue blocking dye solution.According to another technology, light filter is used for blue blocking.This light filter can comprise the organic or inorganic compound that for example shows absorption and/or the reflection and/or the interference of blue light wavelength.This light filter can comprise a plurality of thin layers or the coating of organic and/or dead matter.Each layer can independently have or combine with other layer have absorption, reflection or interfere the character of light with blue light wavelength.The Rugate notch filter is an example of blue blocking light filter.The Rugate light filter is the single-film of inorganic dielectric, wherein refraction index continuous oscillation between high and low numerical value.(the SiO for example of two kinds of materials by having different refractive index 2And TiO 2) the rugate light filter made of codeposition knownly have a stopband of determining very much that is used for the wavelength blocking-up, the decay outside this stopband is minimum.The performance parameter (transmission in stopband center, resistance band, the stopband) of the constructing variable of light filter (oscillation period, refractive index modulation, refraction index vibration number) decision light filter.The more detailed Rugate light filter that discloses in for example United States Patent(USP) Nos. 6,984,038 and 7,066,596 (quoting through this in full separately).Another blue blocking technology is to use multilayer dielectric stack spare.Make multilayer dielectric stack spare by depositing the height alternately and the discrete layers of low refractive index materials.Be similar to the rugate light filter, the performance parameter of design parameter (as each layer thickness, each layer refraction index and layer repeat number) decision multilayer dielectric stack spare.
Colour balance can comprise blue colorant/dyestuff of for example giving colour balance parts proper ratio or concentration, or the appropriate combination of red and green colourant/dyestuff, so that when being observed by the external observer, whole eye has beauty treatment with system and goes up acceptable outward appearance.For example, whole eye seems transparent or substantially transparent with system.
Figure 1A has shown the eye system that comprises rear portion blue blocking parts 101 and anterior colour balance parts 102.Each parts has the rear side of depression or the front side or the surface 120,125 of surface 110,115 and projection.In system 100, rear portion blue blocking parts 101 can be or comprise the eye use parts, as single vision lenses (single vision lens), wafer or optics preform.This single vision lenses, wafer or optics preform can be colored or dye to carry out blue blocking.Anterior colour balance parts 102 can comprise according to known technology and are applied to surface casting layer on single vision lenses, wafer or the optics preform.For example, can use visible light or ultraviolet light or both combinations that this surface casting layer is adhered to or be adhered on single vision lenses, wafer or the optics preform.
Can on the convex side of single vision lenses, wafer or optics preform, form the surface casting layer.Because single vision lenses, wafer or optics preform have been colored or have dyeed to carry out blue blocking, it may have beauty treatment and go up unacceptable yellow or amber.Correspondingly, this surface casting layer can be for example painted by the appropriate combination of the blue colorant/dyestuff of proper ratio or red and green colourant/dyestuff.
This surface casting layer can be applied to back colour balance additive treating on single vision lenses, wafer or the optics preform that is processed to blue blocking.For example, blue blocking single vision lenses, wafer or the optics preform that has the surface casting layer on its convex surface can be immersed in painted jar of heating of colour balance dyestuff of the proper proportion that has in solution and concentration.This surface casting layer can absorb the colour balance dyestuff from this solution.For preventing that blue blocking single vision lenses, wafer or optics preform from absorbing any colour balance dyestuff, its concave surface can be used stain resistance, and for example adhesive tape or wax or other coating are covered or sealed.This is presented among Fig. 2, and it has shown the eye system 100 that has stain resistance 201 on the concave surface of single vision lenses, wafer or optics preform 101.The edge of this single vision lenses, wafer or optics preform can keep uncoated so that they become the tone joint in beauty treatment.This may be important for the negative focus lens with thick rim.
Figure 1B has shown another with system 150, and its middle front part colour balance parts 104 can be or comprise that eye uses parts, as monochromatic light or multifocal lens, wafer or optics preform.Rear portion blue blocking parts 103 can be the surface casting layers.For making this combination, the convex surface of colour balance single vision lenses, wafer or optics preform can cover with aforesaid stain resistance and absorb the blue blocking dyestuff when preventing that it is in being immersed in this combination painted jar of the heating that contains the blue blocking dye solution.Simultaneously, the surface casting layer of exposure can absorb the blue blocking dyestuff.
It should be understood that this surface casting layer can be with many focuses but not single vision lenses, wafer or optics preform be used in combination.In addition, this surface casting layer can be used for increasing the multiplying power (power) of single vision lenses, wafer or optics preform, comprise many focuses multiplying power, thus single vision lenses, wafer or optics preform are changed into (lined) or progressive multi-focus lens (progressive addition lens) with liner.Certainly, this surface casting layer also can be designed to almost or not increase fully the multiplying power of single vision lenses, wafer or optics preform.
Fig. 3 has shown blue blocking and the colour balance function that is integrated in the eye usefulness parts.More specifically, in eye lens 300, can be blue blocking at the eye that Background Region infiltrates original transparent or substantially transparent with the corresponding part 303 of the degree of depth of parts 301 with colorant.In addition, with colorant in the front or the front area eye that infiltrates original transparent or substantially transparent can be colour balance with the corresponding part 302 of the degree of depth of parts 301.System shown in Fig. 3 can followingly make.This can for example be monochromatic light or multifocal lens, wafer or the optics preform of transparent or substantially transparent at first with parts 301.The monochromatic light of this transparent or substantially transparent or multifocal lens, wafer or optics preform can be for example by covering with aforesaid stain resistance or being coated with that to make its convex front surface become the non-absorbent blue blocking colorant of using simultaneously painted.Therefore, can make from the back concave surface of the monochromatic light of transparent or substantially transparent or multifocal lens, wafer or optics preform 301 by colorant infiltration and begin and extend internally, and have the part 303 of blue blocking function.Then, can remove the anti-absorber coatings of convex front surface.Can on concave surface, apply anti-absorber coatings then, and can the convex front surface of monochromatic light or multifocal lens, wafer or optics preform and outer rim is painted (for example by being immersed in painted jar of heating) so that colour balance.This colour balance dyestuff can be by this outer rim with owing to previous coating keeps uncoloured part 302 absorptions that begin and extend internally from convex front surface.The order of preceding method can be put upside down, promptly concave surface can be at first covered, simultaneously that remainder is painted so that colour balance.Removal coating also will be painted so that blue blocking owing to covering the concave region that keeps uncoloured certain depth or thickness then.
Referring now to Fig. 4, can use rubbing method formation eye system 400 in the mould.More specifically,, can use painted mould internal coating 403 via surface casting method colour balance as monochromatic light or multifocal lens, wafer or optics preform with the eye parts 401 of suitable blue blocking colorant, dyestuff or other adjuvant dye/tint.Can on convex molds (promptly be used for coating 403 is applied to eye with the mould on the convex surface of parts 401, show), apply the appropriate level that comprises the colour balance dyestuff and/or the mould internal coating 403 of potpourri.Can insert colorless monomer 402 and curing between with parts 401 in coating 403 and eye.The process of curing monomer 402 can make the mould internal coating of colour balance self transfer to eye with on the convex surface of parts 401.The result obtains having the blue blocking eye system of colour balance surface coating.This mould internal coating can for example be antireflection coatings or traditional hard conating.
Referring now to Fig. 5, eye can comprise two eye parts with system 500, and one is blue blocking, and another is a colour balance.For example, first can be with rear portion monochromatic light or concave surface multifocal lens, wafer or the optics preform of suitable blue blocking colorant dye/tint to realize required blue blocking level with parts 501.Second can be for example to use ultraviolet ray or visible-light curing bonding agent 502 bonding or be fixed to anterior monochromatic light or convex surface multifocal lens, wafer or optics preform on rear portion monochromatic light or concave surface multifocal lens, wafer or the optics preform with parts 503.Can before or after itself and rear portion monochromatic light or concave surface multifocal lens, wafer or optics preform are bonding, make this front portion monochromatic light or convex surface multifocal lens, wafer or optics preform colour balance.If after, can for example make this front portion monochromatic light or convex surface multifocal lens, wafer or optics preform colour balance by above-mentioned technology.For example, can rear portion monochromatic light or concave surface multifocal lens, wafer or optics preform be covered or be coated with stain resistance to prevent that it from absorbing the colour balance dyestuff.Then, bonding rear portion and anterior part can be placed in the painted jar of the heating that contains suitable colour balance dye solution, so that the front portion partially absorbs the colour balance dyestuff together.
Any above-mentioned embodiment system can combine with one or more antireflections (AR) parts.For example, for the eye lens 100 and 150 shown in Figure 1A and the 1B, this is presented among Fig. 6.In Fig. 6, on the concave surface of rear portion blue blocking element 101, apply AR parts 601, coating for example, and on the convex surface of colour balance parts 102, apply the 2nd AR parts 602.Similarly, on the concave surface of rear portion blue blocking parts 103, apply AR parts 601, and on the convex surface of colour balance parts 104, apply the 2nd AR parts 602.
Fig. 7 A-7C has shown other example system that comprise blue blocking parts and colour balance parts.In Fig. 7 A, eye comprises blue blocking parts 703 and colour balance parts 704 with system 700, and their are as on the front surface of the eye lens 702 of transparent or substantially transparent or the adjacency adjacent with this surface but discrete coating or layer formation.Blue blocking parts 703 are at colour balance parts 704 rear portions.On the rear surface of the eye lens of transparent or substantially transparent or with this surface, be adjacent to, can form AR coating or other layer 701.Can on the front surface of colour balance layer 704 or with this surface, be adjacent to form another AR coating or layer 705.
In Fig. 7 B, on the rear surface of the eye lens 702 of transparent or substantially transparent or with this surface, be adjacent to be provided with blue blocking parts 703 and colour balance parts 704.Blue blocking parts 703 are still at colour balance parts 704 rear portions.Can on the rear surface of blue blocking parts 703 or with this surface, be adjacent to form AR parts 701.Can on the front surface of the eye lens 702 of transparent or substantially transparent or with this surface, be adjacent to form another AR parts 705.
In Fig. 7 C, on the rear surface of transparent eye lens 702 and front surface or with this surface, be adjacent to be provided with blue blocking parts 703 and colour balance parts 704 respectively.Blue blocking parts 703 are still at colour balance parts 704 rear portions.Can on the rear surface of blue blocking parts 703 or with this surface, be adjacent to form AR parts 701, can on the front surface of colour balance parts 704 or with this surface, be adjacent to form another AR parts 705.
Fig. 8 A and 8B have shown a kind of with system 800, and wherein the block blue light wavelengths and the function of carrying out colour balance can be combined in the single part 803.For example, combined functionality component can block blue light wavelengths and is reflected some green glows and red light wavelength, and neutralization is blue and eliminate the appearance of mass-tone in the eyeglass thus.Can on the front surface of transparent eye lens 802 or rear surface or with this surface, be adjacent to be provided with combined functionality component 803.This eye lens 800 may further include on the front surface of transparent eye lens 802 or rear surface or the AR parts 801 adjacent with this surface.
In order to quantize the effectiveness of colour balance parts, the observation eye reflects with material substrate and/or the light of transmission may be useful.Observed light can characterize to indicate the color of observed light by its CIE coordinate; Compare by the CIE coordinate with these coordinates and incident light, this can determine the color of light because how many reflection/transmissions moved.White light is designated as the CIE coordinate with (0.33,0.33).Therefore, the CIE coordinate of observed light is more near (0.33,0.33), and it is in observer " white more ".In order to characterize gamut or the balance that eyeglass is realized, the eyeglass and the CIE of observation reflected light and transmitted light can lead (0.33,0.33) white light.If transmitted light has the approximately CIE of (0.33,0.33), then do not have gamut, and have natural look through the object of this eyeglass observation, promptly to compare with the object of observing without this eyeglass, color does not move.Similarly, if reflected light has the approximately CIE of (0.33,0.33), this eyeglass has beauty of nature and holds outward appearance, and promptly it does not have painted at this eyeglass of observation or an observer with the user of system.Therefore, to have as far as possible the CIE near (0.33,0.33) be desirable for transmission and reflected light.
Fig. 9 has shown CIE figure, its indication and the corresponding observed color of various CIE coordinates.Reference point 900 is meant coordinate (0.33,0.33).Although work " white " is marked in the central area of this figure, some light with the CIE coordinate in this zone may be painted slightly the observer.For example, the light with the CIE coordinate of (0.4,0.4) is yellow In the view of the observer.Therefore, in order to realize eye with the look neutral appearance in the system, the CIE coordinate that (0.33,0.33) light (being white light) of this system's transmission and/or reflection has after transmission/reflection as far as possible near (0.33,0.33) is desirable.CIE figure shown in Fig. 9 is in this article with the gamut that arrives with various systematic observations with demonstration for referencial use, although for clarity sake omitted the zone that indicates.
By with dyestuff injection moulding in base material, in the base material of eye lens, can comprise the absorbability dyestuff has specific light transmission and absorbent properties with manufacturing eyeglass.These dye materials can absorb the peak wavelength of this dyestuff or the normal Soret band of finding absorbs short resonant wavelength in the porphyrin material owing to existing.Exemplary eye comprises various glass and polymkeric substance with material, as
Figure A20078005053600171
Polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, silicone and fluoropolymer, however can use other material and be known with system various eye.
Only illustrate, GENTEX dyestuff (day) material E465 transmissivity and absorptance are presented among Figure 10-11.Absorptance (A) is passed through formula A=log with transmissivity (T) 10(1/T) be associated.In this case, transmissivity is 0 to 1 (0<T<1).Transmissivity is typically expressed as number percent, i.e. 0%<T<100%.E465 dyestuff blocking-up is less than 465 wavelength and be generally used for these wavelength that blocking-up has high optical density (OD) (OD>4).Can obtain similar products to block other wavelength.For example, be lower than the wavelength of 420 nanometers from the E420 blocking-up of GENTEX.Other exemplary dyes comprises the porphyrin, perylene and the similar dyestuff that can absorb blue light wavelength.
Can be reduced in absorptance under the shorter wavelength by reducing dye strength.This and other dye materials can be implemented in 430 nano-area~50% transmissivity.Figure 12 has shown to have the transmissivity that is fit to absorb the dye strength of 430 nanometer range and has the polycarbonate substrate of certain absorption in 420 nanometers-440 nanometer range.This realization that is used for by reducing dye strength and counting polycarbonate substrate.The rear surface is not coated with by antireflection this moment.
Dye strength also may influence outward appearance and the gamut of eye with system.By reducing concentration, can obtain to have the system of various gamut degree." gamut " used herein is meant with reference to the CIE coordinate of light at this with the transmission of system and/or the change amount after the reflection.Because be perceived as the difference in various types of light (for example daylight, incandescence and fluorescence) of white usually, it may be useful that the gamut that causes by this system characterizes a system.Therefore it may be useful being characterized a system based on incident light by the displacement of the CIE coordinate of this system's transmission and/or this incident light of reflex time.For example, wherein after transmission the CIE coordinate be the light of (0.33,0.33) become CIE for the system of the light of (0.30,0.30) be described to cause (.03 ,-.03), or the gamut of (± 0.03, ± 0.03) more generally.Therefore, the gamut that causes of a system shows what kind of " nature " light and observed object be in the wearer of this system eye.Following further describing realized causing less than (± 0.05, ± 0.05) system to (± 0.02, ± 0.02) gamut.
Eye may can be used for reducing the cell death that is caused by the photoelectric effect in the eyes (as exciting of A2E) with the reduction of the short-and-medium wavelength transmission of system.Show, the incident light of 430 ± 30 nanometers is reduced about 50% cell death can be reduced about 80%.Referring to, for example, people such as Janet R.Sparrow, " B lue Light-absorbing intraocular lens and retinalpigment epithelium protection in vitro; " J.Cataract Refract.Surg.2004, the 30th volume, the 873-78 page or leaf, its disclosure is incorporated herein by this reference in full.Further believe,, reduce as the amount of the light of 430-460 nanometer range and to be low to moderate 5% and can to reduce cell death and/or sex change similarly, therefore prevent or reduce adverse effect as atrophic type AMD and so on symptom with blue light.
Although can use absorbing dye to come the not desirable wavelength of blocking light, as spinoff, this dyestuff may produce tone in eyeglass.For example, the eye lens of many blue blocking has yellow coloring, and this is normally not desirable and/or undesirable aesthetic.This painted in order to offset, can comprise therein on one or two surface of substrate of absorbing dye and apply the colour balance coating.
Antireflection (AR) coating (they are interference light filters) is that commercial eye is with used for a long time in the coatings industry.Which floor this coating is generally, and usually less than 10 layers, and is usually used in the reflection on self-polycarbonate surface in the future and reduces to less than 1%.An example of this coating on the polycarbonate surface is presented among Figure 13.The color diagram of this coating is presented among Figure 14, and according to observations, this color is quite neutral.Total reflectance is 0.21% according to observations.Reflected light has the CIE coordinate of (0.234,0.075) according to observations; Transmitted light has the CIE coordinate of (0.334,0.336).
Can on eyeglass or other two surfaces, all apply the AR coating to realize more high-transmission rate with equipment.This structure is presented among Figure 15, and wherein dark lines 1510 are polycarbonate of AR coating, are uncoated polycarbonate substrate than hachure 1520.This AR coating makes total transmitted light increase by 10%.Because the absorption in the polycarbonate substrate, certain natural loss takes place in light.The specific polycarbonate substrate that is used for this example has about 3% transmission losses.With in the industry, on two surfaces, all apply the AR coating usually at eye to improve the transmissivity of eyeglass.
In system of the present invention, AR coating or other colour balance film can combine the transmissivity to realize simultaneously that usually the blue light wavelength in 430 nano-area absorbs and improves with the absorbability dyestuff.As mentioned above, the light of only eliminating in 430 nano-area causes eyeglass to have certain residual colour cast (color cast) usually.For at spectrum adjusted light to realize the transmissivity of look neutrality, can at least one AR is coating modified to regulate the overall transmission look of light.With in the system, can on front lens surface, carry out this adjusting at eye of the present invention to make following lens structure:
Air (away from user's eyes)/lordosis lens coating/absorbability eye lens substrate/back concave surface antireflection coatings/air (near user's eyes)
In this structure, except the antireflection function of bringing into play usually in conventional lenses, Front-coating mirror can provide spectrum to regulate the colour cast that is caused by the extinction in the substrate to offset.Therefore this eyeglass can all provide suitable colour balance for transmission and reflected light.Under the situation of transmitted light, this colour balance can be realized suitable color vision; Under catoptrical situation, colour balance can provide suitable eyeglass aesthetic property.
In some cases, can be at two-layer other eye with settling the colour balance film between the material.For example, can settle optical filter, AR film or other film in material at eye.For example, can use following structure:
Air (away from user's eyes)/eye material/film/eye material/air (near user's eyes)
The colour balance film can be the coating that is applied on eyeglass outside surface and/or the inside surface also, as hard conating.Other structure is feasible.For example, with reference to Fig. 3, eye can comprise with blue light absorption dye adulterated eye material 301 and one or more colour balance layer 302,303 with system.In another structure, internal layer 301 may be the colour balance layer, and it is surrounded with material 302,303 by eye, and this eye is dye adulterated by blue light absorption with material.Extra play and/or coating can be settled, as the AR coating on one or more surfaces of this system.For example will appreciate that and in the system that reference Fig. 4-8B describes, can use which kind of materials similar and structure.
Therefore, can use the fine setting of optical thin film and/or coating such as AR coating to have the overall spectral response of the eyeglass of absorbing dye.Transmission in the visible spectrum changes to be known and to become with the thickness and the quantity in optical coating middle level.In the present invention, can use one or more layers that required adjusting of spectral quality is provided.
In an example system, by individual layer TiO 2(common AR coating material) produces change color.Figure 16 has shown TiO 2The spectral-transmission favtor of 106 nanometer thickness individual layers.The color diagram of this identical layer is presented among Figure 17.(x, y) 1710 is (0.331,0.345) to the CIE color coordinates of transmitted light.Reflected light has the CIE coordinate of (0.353,0.251) 1720, produces little purple pink colour.
As shown in the transmitted spectrum and color diagram that are presented at 134 nanometer layer in Figure 18 and 19 respectively, change TiO 2Layer thickness can change the color of transmitted light.In this system, transmitted light shows the CIE coordinate of (0.362,0.368) 1910, and reflected light has the CIE coordinate of (0.209,0.229) 1920.The transmission property of various AR coatings and prediction thereof or assessment are as known in the art.For example, can use various computer programs to calculate and the transmission effect of the AR coating that prediction is formed by the AR material of known thickness.Exemplary non-limiting program comprises can be available from Thin Film Center, Inc. Essential Macleod Thin Films Software, can be available from Software Spectra, the TFCalc of Inc. and can be available from the FilmStar Optical Thin Film Software of FTG Software Associates.Can use the performance of other method prediction AR coating or other similar coatings or film.
In system of the present invention, the blue light absorption dyestuff can with coating or other film combinations so that system blue blocking, colour balance to be provided.This coating can be the AR coating on the front, and this front is modified to proofread and correct transmission and/or catoptrical color.The transmissivity of exemplary AR coating and color diagram are presented at respectively in Figure 20 and 21.Figure 22 and 23 has shown the transmissivity and the color diagram of the polycarbonate substrate with blue light absorption dyestuff of no AR coating respectively.Dyed substrate absorbs in 430 nano-area the most consumingly, is included in the certain absorption in the 420-440 nano-area.Dyed substrate can be as shown in Figure 20-21 with suitable AR coating combination to improve the total transmittance of this system.Transmissivity and color diagram with dyed substrate of back side AR coating are presented at respectively in Figure 24 and 25.
The AR coating also can be applied to eye with on the system front (that is, from the wearer's of this system glasses surface farthest), produces the transmissivity and the color diagram that are presented at respectively in Figure 26 and 27.Although this system shows high-transmission rate and transmitted light is neutral relatively, reflected light has the CIE of (0.249,0.090).Therefore, for the influence of more complete colour balance blue light absorption dyestuff, can front surface A R is coating modified to realize making the necessary colour balance of look neutral construction.The transmissivity of this structure and color diagram are presented at respectively in Figure 28 and 29.In this structure, transmission and reflected light can be optimized to realize look neutrality.Internal reflected light is preferably about 6%.If this reflectivity levels perplexs the wearer of this system, can further reduce reflection by in lens substrate, adding the additional different absorbability dyestuffs that absorb the different wave length visible light.But the design of this structure realizes remarkable performance and satisfies the needs that are used for the colour balance eye of blue blocking with system as herein described.Total transmittance surpasses 90%, and transmission and reflected colour suitable white point of advancing color neutrality all.As shown in Figure 27, reflected light has the CIE of (0.334,0.334), and transmitted light has the CIE of (0.341,0.345), shows almost or does not have gamut fully.
In some constructions, this front can be designed to block 100% the blue light wavelength that will suppress through the modification antireflection coatings.But for the wearer, this may cause about backreflection of 9% to 10%.This reflectivity levels may perplex the wearer.Therefore, by the absorbability dyestuff being merged to (positive this reflection) in the lens substrate, can when realizing required effect, reflectivity be reduced to the level of the fine acceptance of wearer through the modification antireflection coatings.Can reduce to 8% or lower by the observed reflected light of the system of one or more AR coatings that comprises of wearer, more preferably 3% or lower.
The combination of front and back AR coating can be known as dielectric stack spare, and can use various materials and thickness further to change transmission and the reflection characteristic of eye with system.For example, front surface A R coating and/or back side AR coating can be made to realize specific colour balance effect by different-thickness and/or material.In some cases, the material that is used to make dielectric stack spare may not be the material that is used to make antireflection coatings traditionally.That is to say that this colour balance coating may be proofreaied and correct the gamut that is caused by the blue light absorption dyestuff in the substrate under the situation of not bringing into play the antireflection function.
As mentioned above, light filter is another blue blocking technology.Correspondingly, described any blue blocking parts can be or comprise the blue blocking light filter or with the blue blocking filter combination.This class light filter can comprise rugate light filter, interference light filter, bandpass optical filter, band-block filter, notch filter or dichroic filter.
In embodiments of the invention, one or more above-mentioned blue blocking technology can with other blue blocking technology coupling.Illustrative ground only, eyeglass or lens component can adopt dyestuff/colorant and rugate notch filter with effective block blue light.
Can use any said structure and technology to equal in system or near the blocking-up of the blue light wavelength of 400-460 nanometer at eye of the present invention with realization.For example, in embodiments, the wavelength of the blue light of blocking-up may be in preset range.In embodiments, this scope may be 430nm ± 30nm.In other embodiments, this scope may be 430nm ± 20nm.In some embodiments again, this scope may be 430nm ± 10nm.In embodiments, this may be limited to the transmission of the blue light wavelength in the above-mentioned scope basically 90% of incident wavelength with system.In other embodiments, this may be limited to the transmission of the blue light wavelength in the above-mentioned scope basically 80% of incident wavelength with system.In other embodiments, this may be limited to the transmission of the blue light wavelength in the above-mentioned scope basically 70% of incident wavelength with system.In other embodiments, this may be limited to the transmission of the blue light wavelength in the above-mentioned scope basically 60% of incident wavelength with system.In other embodiments, this may be limited to the transmission of the blue light wavelength in the above-mentioned scope basically 50% of incident wavelength with system.In other embodiments, this may be limited to the transmission of the blue light wavelength in the above-mentioned scope basically 40% of incident wavelength with system.In some embodiments again, this may be limited to the transmission of the blue light wavelength in the above-mentioned scope basically 30% of incident wavelength with system.In some embodiments again, this may be limited to the transmission of the blue light wavelength in the above-mentioned scope basically 20% of incident wavelength with system.In some embodiments again, this may be limited to the transmission of the blue light wavelength in the above-mentioned scope basically 10% of incident wavelength with system.In some embodiments again, this may be limited to the transmission of the blue light wavelength in the above-mentioned scope basically 5% of incident wavelength with system.In some embodiments again, this may be limited to the transmission of the blue light wavelength in the above-mentioned scope basically 1% of incident wavelength with system.In some embodiments again, this may be limited to the transmission of the blue light wavelength in the above-mentioned scope basically 0% of incident wavelength with system.In other words, the decay of this wavelength of electromagnetic spectrum in above-mentioned scope that causes with system can be at least 10%; Or at least 20%; Or at least 30%; Or at least 40%; Or at least 50%; Or at least 60%; Or at least 70%; Or at least 80%; Or at least 90%; Or at least 95%; Or at least 99%; Or basically 100%.
In some cases, filter the blue spectrum of relative small part, may be desirable especially as 400 nanometers-460 nano-area.For example, have been found that blocking too many blue spectrum may disturb noctovision and circadian rhythm.Traditional much bigger wide region blue spectrum of blue blocking eye lens blocking-up amount usually, this may influence wearer's " biological clock " unfriendly and have other adverse effect.Therefore, the blue spectrum of blocking-up relative narrower scope as described herein may be desirable.The example system of the relatively small amount light in can filtering relatively more among a small circle comprises that blocking-up or absorption 5-50%, 5-20% and 5-10% have the system of the light of 400 nanometers-460 nanometer, 410 nanometers-450 nanometer and 420 nanometers-440 nano wave length.
In selective exclusion blue light wavelength as mentioned above, this with system can the visible electromagnetic spectrum of transmission other parts at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90% or at least 95%.In other words, this electromagnetic spectrum that causes with system decay under the wavelength (for example wavelength those in about 430 nanometer range) beyond the blue spectrum can be for 20% or still less, and 15% or still less, 10% or still less, in other embodiments, 5% or still less.
In addition, embodiment of the present invention can further be blocked the infrared radiation greater than 700 nanometers of the ultraviolet radiation of UVA and UVB bands of a spectrum and wavelength.
Any as above disclosed eye can be incorporated in the ophthalmic articles (comprise outward and wearing glasses, as glasses, sunglasses, safety goggles, or contact lens) with system.In these class glasses because the blue blocking parts of this system are at colour balance parts rear portion, when these glasses are worn, these blue blocking parts all the time the colorimetric equalizing feature more near eyes.This also can be used on system in intraocular lens's of implanting as performing the operation and so on the goods.
Several embodiments use film to come block blue light.This film in eye usefulness or other system can selectivity suppress at least 5%, at least 10%, at least 20%, at least 30%, at least 40% and/or at least 50% the blue light in 400 nanometers-460 nanometer range.As used herein, if film suppresses at least some transmissions in the wavelength coverage, the transmission to this extraneous visible wavelength simultaneously almost or does not fully influence, and then this film " selectivity " suppresses this wavelength coverage.This film and/or the system that comprises this film can be through colour balance so that observed person and/or user are felt as colourless.The system that comprises film of the present invention can have 85% or the better luminous transmission of noctovision of visible light, and further allows the people who sees through this film or systematic observation to have basic normal color vision.
Figure 30 has shown exemplary of the present invention.Film 3002 can place between the two-layer of one or more base materials or two zones 3001,3003.As further described herein, this film can contain the dyestuff of selective some optical wavelength of inhibition.This base material can be to be applicable to that eyeglass, eye maybe can settle any material of other system of this film with system, window.
The optical transmission property of exemplary film of the present invention is presented among Figure 31, and wherein about 50% the blue light in 430hm ± 10nm scope is blocked, and simultaneously other wavelength in the visible spectrum is caused few loss.Transmission shown in Figure 31 is exemplary, and it being understood that for many application, may be desirable be that selectivity suppresses to be less than 50% blue light, and/or the specific wavelength that is suppressed is variable.It is believed that in many application, to be less than 50% blue light, can reduce or prevent cell death by blocking-up.For example, may preferred selectivity suppress about 40%, more preferably about 30%, more preferably about 20%, more preferably about light in the 400-460 nanometer range of 10%, more preferably about 5%.Selectivity suppresses more a spot of light can prevent the damage that caused by high energy light, simultaneously enough little so that this inhibition can influence the user's of this system noctovision and/or circadian rhythm sharply.
Figure 32 has shown the film of incorporating in the eye lens 3200 of the present invention 3201, and it is clipped in eye with between the material layer 3202,3203.Positive eye for example only is 200 microns to 1000 microns with the thickness of material layer.
Similarly, Figure 33 has shown according to example system 3300 of the present invention, as automotive windshield.Film 3301 can be incorporated in the system 3300, and wherein it is clipped between the substrate material layer 3302,3303.For example, when system 3300 was automotive windshield, base material 3302,3303 can be the windshield of using always.It being understood that in various other systems, comprise in vision, demonstration, eye usefulness and other system, can use the different base material in the case without departing from the scope of the present invention.
In one embodiment, system of the present invention can have in relevant visible light emitted in the environment of utmost point special spectrum and works.In this case, the filtration of adjusting film may be desirable with the light of optimizing this object transmission, reflection or emission.This may be the color of light of for example transmission, reflection or the emission situation when being major consideration.For example, when film of the present invention was used in camera flash-light or the flashlamp optical filter (flash filter), the sensation look of image or printed matter was desirable near true colors as far as possible.As another example, film of the present invention can be used on the instrument of the disease that is used for observing the patient's eye back.In this system, importantly, this film does not disturb amphiblestroid true and observed color.As another example, the artificial light of some form may benefit to adopt the wavelength customization light filter of film of the present invention.
In one embodiment, film of the present invention can be used in photochromic, electrochromism or variable tone eye lens, window or the automotive windshield.In painted inactive environment, this system may the protectiving ultraviolet wavelength, direct sunlight intensity and blue light wavelength.In this environment, no matter painted whether is active, and the blue light wavelength protection attribute of this film is all effective.
In one embodiment, film may realize in colour balance that the selectivity of blue light suppresses and has 85% or higher visible light scotopia transmittance.This film may be useful as driving glasses or Sports spectacles, and the visual performance of raising can be provided owing to the contrast sensitivity that improves low transmittance purposes.
Use for some, may be desirable be that system of the present invention selectivity as described herein suppresses blue light and have less than about 85% the approximately transmittance of 80-85% usually in visible spectrum.Used base material is owing to it suppresses more light time under all visible wavelengths than high refractive index in this system for example, and this may be required just.As instantiation, high index (for example 1.7) eyeglass may reflect the more how light under these wavelength, thereby produces the transmittance less than 85%.
For avoiding, alleviate or eliminate the problem that exists in the conventional blu-ray blocking system, reduce but not the transmission of eliminating the phototoxicity blue light may be desirable.The pupil response of eyes is the suitable light retinal illuminance (photopic retinal illuminance) of unit with Trolands, and it is the product of incident flux and amphiblestroid wavelength dependency sensitivity and pupil projected area.The light filter that places the retina front is (no matter in eyes, as in the intraocular lens; Be attached on the eyes, as on contact lens or cornea substitute; Still in the light path of eyes, as on lens) may reduce the amphiblestroid total light flux of arrival and stimulate platycoria, the reduction of compensating field illumination thus.Stablize illumination following time when being exposed in the visual field, around a value fluctuation, this value improves with illumination decline pupil diameter usually.
Moon and Spencer, J.Opt.Soc.Am. the 33rd volume, the following pupil diameter formula of the 260th page (1944) use is described the funtcional relationship between pupil area and the field luminance:
d=4.9-3tanh(Log(L)+1)(0.1)
Wherein d is unit with the millimeter, and L is with cd/m 2Illumination for unit.Figure 34 A has shown as field luminance (cd/m 2) the pupil diameter (millimeter) of function.Figure 34 B has shown as field luminance (cd/m 2) the pupil area (square millimeter) of function.
Determine illumination by international ICE standard as the spectrally-weighted integration of visual acuity on wavelength:
L=K m∫ L E, λV λD λ photopic vision
L '=K ' m∫ L E, λV ' λD λ noctovision (0.2)
Wherein for dark (night) vision, K m' equal 1700.06lm/W, for bright (daytime) vision, K m=683.2lm/W, spectral luminous efficiency function V λAnd V λBright and the dark observer of ' specified value.At Michael Kalloniatis and Charles Luu, " Psychophysics ofVision; " Fig. 9 (can in http://webvision.med.utah.edu/Phychl.html, obtain, last visit on August 8th, 2007, it is incorporated herein by this reference) in set forth luminescence efficiency function V λAnd V λ'.
The absorbability eye of intraocular lens, contact lens or lens form reduces illumination with inserting according to following formula of element:
L=K m∫ T λL E, λV λD λ photopic vision
L '=K ' m∫ T λL E, λV ' λD λ noctovision (0.3)
T wherein λIt is the wavelength dependency transmission of this optical element.For the blue blocking eyeglass of each prior art, the integrated value that is normalized in the formula that does not filter brightness value 1.3 that is calculated by formula 1.2 is presented in the Table I.
Table I
Figure A20078005053600261
Figure A20078005053600271
With reference to table I, according to the eye of Pratt with light filter with noctovision sensitivity reduced its not filter value 83.6%---this decay not only reduces noctovision but also stimulate platycoria according to formula 1.1.The described equipment of Mainster reduces by 22.5% with the noctovision flux, and this is violent not as the Pratt equipment, but still quite big.
On the contrary, film of the present invention utilizes absorbability or reflectivity eye with componentry decay ultraviolet light and blue light, simultaneously noctovision illumination is reduced no more than its not filter value 15%.Surprisingly, system of the present invention it is found that selectivity suppresses required blue light region, almost or does not fully influence photopic vision and noctovision simultaneously.
(C20H12 CAS#198-55-0) mixes eye with in the equipment to be enough to absorb its concentration and thickness that absorbs the light under maximal value in 437 nanometers of about 2/3 to , Jiang perylene in one embodiment.The transmitted spectrum of this equipment is presented among Figure 35.As shown in Table I, the illumination change that causes of this light filter is only under the scotopia condition about 3.2% and under the photopic vision condition about 0.4%.Improve the concentration of this equipment Zhong perylene or thickness and reduced transmission under each wavelength according to Beer ' s law.Figure 36 Xian Shi perylene concentration is the transmitted spectrum of 2.27 times of high equipment of Fig. 6.Although this equipment is optionally blocked than the more phototoxicity blue light of the equipment among Fig. 6, it makes dark illumination reduction be less than 6%, and makes bright illumination reduction be less than 0.7%.Point out, removed reflection in the spectrum from Figure 35 and 36 only to show the influence that is absorbed by this dyestuff.
Dyestuff beyond the perylene may be at blue light or is roughly had in strong absorption and other zone at visible spectrum in the blue light wavelength scope and have little or no absorptance.The example of this class dyestuff shown in Figure 46 comprises porphyrin, cumarin and acridinyl molecule, and they can separately or be used in combination the transmission that reduces under 400 nanometers-460 nanometer but do not eliminate to be created in.Therefore method and system as herein described can use similar dyestuff based on other molecular structure with the concentration of the transmitted spectrum of Mo Ni perylene, porphyrin, cumarin and acridine.
Dyestuff is got involved in the light path according to embodiment of the present invention.Dyestuff can directly mix in the substrate, add to polymer coated in, absorb in the eyeglass, mix in the laminar structure (this laminar structure comprise dye-impregnated layer or as with the compound substance of the particulate of dye-impregnated).
According to another embodiment of the present invention, can be applied in ultraviolet light and the blue spectrum zone partial reflection and antireflecting dielectric coat under longer wavelength.The method that designs suitable dielectric optical filter is summarised in textbook such as Angus McLeod, among the Thin Film Optical Filters (McGraw-Hill:NY) 1989.According to SiO of the present invention 2And ZrO 2Six layers of exemplary transmitted spectrum that piles up part be presented among Figure 37.Refer again to Table I and find out, this optical filter blocking light toxicity blue light and ultraviolet light make dark illumination reduce simultaneously and are less than 5%, and make bright illumination reduction be less than 3%.
Although many traditional blue blocking technology attempt to suppress blue light as much as possible, existing studies show that, in many application, the blue light that suppresses relatively small amount may be desirable.For example, in order to prevent to scotopic not desirable influence, may be desirable be, eye of the present invention only suppresses about 30% indigo plant (being the 380-500 nanometer) wavelength light with system, or more preferably only about 20% blue light, more preferably about 10%, more preferably about 5%.It is believed that by suppressing few and just can reduce cell death that simultaneously this blue light reduces degree almost or fully not to be influenced the people's that uses this system noctovision and/or circadian rhythm behavior to 5% blue light.
As used herein, the film of the present invention that selectivity suppresses blue light is described to suppress the light quantity that records with respect to the substrate system that comprises this film.For example, eye can use polycarbonate or other similar lens substrate with system.The material that is usually used in this class substrate may suppress the light under visible wavelength of various amounts.If blue blocking film of the present invention is added in this system, with respect to the optical transmission measurement amount of identical wavelength under the situation that does not have this film, it can selectivity suppress 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and/or 50% of all blue light wavelengths.
Method disclosed herein and equipment can at utmost reduce and preferably eliminate the color perception skew that is caused by blue blocking.The color that the human visual system feels is from the nerve processing that drops on the light signal on the retinal pigment with different spectral response characteristics.For arithmetic is described color perception, by product integral with three wavelength dependency color matching functions and spectral irradiance, the structure color space.The result obtains characterizing three numerical value of sensation look.Even (the L that CommissionInternationale de L ' eclairage (CIE) has established *, a *, b *) color space can be used for characterizing the sensation look, but also be that the color science those skilled in the art are familiar with and also can use based on the similar calculating of other color standard.Should (L *, a *, b *) color space is at L *Given luminance and by a on the axle *And b *Designated color in the plane that axle delimited.The uniform colour space of being determined by this CIE standard can be preferred for calculating and the contrast purposes, because feel that the magnitude of aberration is proportional between the Cartesian coordinate in this space (Cartesian) distance and two objects.The use of uniform colour space is recognized in the art, as Wyszecki and Stiles, described in the Color Science:Concepts and Methods, Quantitative Data and Formulae (Wiley:NewYork) 1982.
Can use the spectrum palette of describing visual environment according to the optical design of method and system as herein described.Its limiting examples is the matt palette of Mang Saier, and it is made of 1,269 color lump (colortiles), and these color lumps have been defined as exactly discernable for differing from one another by psychophysics experiments.Under the standard illuminants condition, measure the spectral irradiance of these color lumps.At (L *, a *, b *) the chromaticity coordinates array corresponding with each these color lumps that shone by the D65 daylight source is the reference of cross-color and is presented among Figure 38 in the color space.Regulate the spectral irradiance of color lump and calculate one group of new chromaticity coordinates by the blue blocking light filter subsequently.The side-play amount of the sensation look of each color lump and (L *, a *, b *) geometric displacement of coordinate is corresponding.This calculating has been used for the blue blocking light filter of Pratt, and wherein the average color distortion is at (L *, a *, b *) be 41 just noticeable differences (JND) units in the space.The minimum distortion that is caused by the Pratt light filter is 19JND, and maximum distortion is 66, and standard deviation is 7JND.The gamut column diagram of all 1,269 color lumps all is presented among Figure 39 A (top).
Referring now to Figure 39 B, the gamut that is caused by Mainster blue blocking light filter has 6 minimum value, 19 mean value, 34 maximal value and the standard deviation of 6JND.
As shown in Table II, no matter the gamut that uses embodiment of the present invention of two kinds of concentration De perylene dyestuffs or above-mentioned reflecting filter can have the conventional fixtures of being significantly less than is to measure as average, minimum or maximum distortion.Figure 40 has shown the column diagram of the gamut of this Fa of Gen Ju Ming De perylene dyeing substrate, and its transmitted spectrum is presented among Figure 35.Significantly, moving on all color lumps is significantly less than and is narrower than the described conventional fixtures of people such as Mainster, Pratt according to observations.For example, analog result demonstrates for film of the present invention, is low to moderate 12 and (the L of 20JND *, a *, b *) displacement, the average displacement on all color lumps is low to moderate 7-12JND.
Table II
Reference Figure ?Avg.δ?(L *,a *,b *?) ?Min.δ?(L *,a *,b *?) ?Max.δ?(L *,a *,b *?) Standard deviation δ (L *,a *,b *)
Pratt 41 19 66 12
Mainster 19 6 34 6
System of the present invention 35 7 2 12 2
System of the present invention 36 12 4 20 3
System of the present invention 37 7 2 12 2
In one embodiment, the blue photons that the combination of reflection and absorber element can be filtering noxious keeps higher relatively transmittance simultaneously.This makes system of the present invention be avoided or to reduce platycoria, protects or prevent damage to night vision, and reduces cross-color.An example of this method produces the transmitted spectrum shown in Figure 41 with the dielectric stack spare shown in Figure 37 and Figure 35 De perylene dye combinations.This equipment has Mingguang City's transmission of 97.5%, 93.2% half-light perspective and the average gamut of 11JND according to observations.The column diagram of summarizing the cross-color (for Mang Saier color lump) of this equipment in daylight is presented among Figure 42.
In another embodiment, optical filter is in the eyes outside, for example lens, safety goggles, view finder or analog.When using conventional filters, the color of the observed wearer's face of external observer may be painted by this eyeglass, and promptly when being observed by another people, facial color or skin color are changed by the blue blocking eyeglass usually.This yellow variable color that is accompanied by blue light absorption is not desirable in beauty treatment usually.Make the minimized program of this gamut with above described identical, and replace those of Mang Saier color lump with the reflectance of wearer's skin to the Mang Saier color lump.Skin color is the function of pigmented, blood flow and lighting condition.The representative series of not agnate subject's skin reflectance spectra is presented among Figure 43 A-B.Caucasian's exemplary skin reflex is presented among Figure 44 than spectrum.(the L of this skin in daylight (D65) illumination *, a *, b *) color coordinates is (67.1,18.9,13.7).Inserting of Pratt blue blocking light filter becomes these color coordinatess (38.9,17.2,44.0), moves 69 JND units.Mainster blue blocking light filter makes color coordinates move 17 JND units to (62.9,13.1,29.3).By relatively, this literary composition Suo Shu De perylene light filter causes 6JND only or is 1/3 gamut of Mainster light filter.Use various blue blocking light filters, the summary of the beauty treatment gamut of exemplary Caucasian's skin under daylight illumination is presented in the Table III.With the data normalization shown in the Table I to remove any influence that base material causes.
Table 3
Reference Figure L * a * b * δ(L *,a *,b *)
Skin 14-15 67 19 14 0
Pratt 39 17 44 69
Mainster 63 13 29 17
System of the present invention 35 67 17 19 6
System of the present invention 36 67 15 23 10
System of the present invention 37 67 17 19 6
In one embodiment, can filter light source to reduce but do not eliminate and arrive amphiblestroid blue light flux.This absorbability or reflex components that can use principle as herein described to be used between visual field and the light source is realized.For example, construction window can cover so that the transmitted spectrum of this window and the coupling shown in Figure 35 with the film of Han You perylene.Compare with uncoated window, this light filter can not cause platycoria usually, its can be not externally yet a day light transmission cause perceptible gamut at that time.Light filter of blue light of the present invention can be used on artificial light sources (as fluorescent light, incandescent lamp, arc lamp, flashlamp and diode lights), display and the analog.
Various materials can be used for making film of the present invention.Two kinds of these class exemplary materials are polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (PVA) and polyvinyl butyral (PVB).Under the situation of PVA film, it can prepare to remove acetate by the partially or completely hydrolysis of polyvinyl acetate.Because useful film forming, emulsification and bond property, the PVA film may be desirable.In addition, the PVA film has high tensile, flexible, high-temperature stability and provides excellent oxygen to intercept.
Can be by the prepared in reaction PVB film of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in butyraldehyde.PVB may be applicable to the purposes that requires high strength, optical clarity, flexible and toughness.PVB also has excellent film forming and cohesive.
PVA, PVB and other suitable film can extrusion moldings, solidified then or dip-coating is solidified then by solution casting, spin coating.Also can use other manufacture method known in the art.Several modes of incorporating the required dyestuff of the expection spectral quality that produces this film into are arranged.Exemplary dyestuff is incorporated method into and is comprised chemical crosslinking in the vapour deposition, film, is dissolved in the little polymer microballoon and incorporates in the film then.Suitable dyestuff can be available from comprising Keystone, BPI﹠amp; The company of Phantom.
The majority dyeing of lens is carried out after eyeglass transports from manufacturer.Therefore, it may be desirable mixing the blue light absorption dyestuff in the manufacture process of eyeglass itself.In order to accomplish this point, can with filter and the colour balance dyestuff mixes hard conating and/or (associated) undercoat of adjoining in, this undercoat promotion hard conating and lens materials bonding.For example, usually at last undercoat and the hard conating that adjoins are added to lens or other and provide extra permanance and resistance to marring with the top of system so that for final products in autofrettage.Hard conating is the outermost layer of this system normally, and front, the back side or the front and back that can be positioned at this system are on both.
Figure 47 has shown the example system with hard conating 4703 and its tackify undercoat 4702 that adjoins.Exemplary hard conating and tackify undercoat can be available from the manufacturers as Tokuyama, UltraOptics, SDC, PPG and LTI.
In system of the present invention, blue blocking dyestuff and colour balance dyestuff can be included in the undercoat 1802.Blue blocking and colour balance dyestuff also can be included in the hard conating 1803.Dyestuff does not need to be included in the identical coating.For example, the blue blocking dyestuff can be included in the hard conating 1803, and the colour balance dyestuff is included in the undercoat 1802.The colour balance dyestuff can be included in the hard conating 1803 and the blue blocking dyestuff in undercoat 1802.
Can use methods known in the art, comprise that spin coating, dip-coating, spraying, evaporation, sputter and chemical vapour deposition technique deposition are according to undercoat of the present invention and hard conating.The blue blocking and/or the colour balance dyestuff that are included in each layer can deposit simultaneously with this layer, as in dyestuff being dissolved in the liquid coating and the gained potpourri being applied to situation in this system.This dyestuff also can deposit in separate processes or subprocess, as in curing or drying or before being coated with applied layer dyestuff being sprayed onto in the lip-deep situation.
Hard conating and/or undercoat can play a role and realize that this paper is at the described benefit of film.Particularly, this coating can selectivity suppress blue light, keeps desirable photopic vision, noctovision, circadian rhythm and phototoxicity level simultaneously.Hard conating as herein described and/or undercoat also can be used in the eye that comprises film as herein described with any and various array configurations and use in the system.As instantiation, eye can comprise that with system selectivity suppresses the film and the hard conating that color correction is provided of blue light.
Selective filter of the present invention also can provide the contrast sensitivity of raising.This system has few influence to photopic vision, noctovision, color vision and/or circadian rhythm simultaneously in order to the harmful invisible and visible light of selective filter, keeps simultaneously can accepting or even improved contrast sensitivity.Can design the present invention so that in certain embodiments, the final residue color of equipment that has applied selective filter is for colourless substantially, and in other embodiments of the residual color that does not require substantially transparent, residual color can be little yellow.Preferably, the yellow of this selective filter can not make the wearer unhappy.Can use yellowness index, as ASTME313-05 quantitative measurment Huang degree.Preferably, this selective filter has and is not more than 50,40,35,30,25,23,20,15,10,9,7 or 5 yellowness index.
The present invention can comprise the selective light wavelength filtering embodiment, as: window, automotive windshield, bulb, flashbulb, fluorescent light, LED lamp, TV, computer monitor etc.Can impact amphiblestroid any light by selective filter of the present invention.Only illustrate, comprise the film of selective filter dyestuff or pigment, make dyestuff or the colour component that the back adds in substrate, the dye component of integrating with the manufacturing of base material or preparation, synthetic or non-synthetic dyestuff is (as melanin, xenthophylls or luteole), as the selective filter dyestuff or the pigment that provide as the visible colorant in the contact lens (having one or more colors), the selective filter dyestuff or the pigment that provide in scratch resistance coating (hard conating) at eye, the selective filter dyestuff or the pigment that provide in antireflection coatings at eye, the selective light wavelength filtering dyestuff or the pigment that in hydrophobic coating, provide, interference light filter, the selective light wavelength light filter, the selective light wavelength filtering dyestuff or the pigment that in photochromic lens, provide, or the selective light wavelength filtering dyestuff that provides in bulb or fluorescent tube matrix or pigment can be realized the present invention.Be noted that the present invention has imagined the selective light wavelength light filter that leaches a particular range wavelength or a plurality of particular range wavelength but leach the wavelength that is evenly distributed in the whole visible spectrum by no means.
How those skilled in the art know easily provides the selective light wavelength light filter for base material.Only illustrate, this selective filter can be absorbed, inject, floods, adds in the substrate starting material, add in the resin before the polymerization, in optical mirror slip by the film stratification that comprises selective filter dyestuff or pigment.
The present invention can adopt the dyestuff and/or the pigment of debita spissitudo, only illustrates , perylene, porphyrin or their derivant.With reference to Figure 48 to observe the Functional Capability of different concentration De perylenes and near the optical wavelength of blocking-up 430 nanometers.Can control transmission level by dye strength.Other dyestuff chemistry can be regulated the absorption peak position.
Perylene with debita spissitudo level provides the balance of photopic vision, noctovision, circadian rhythm and phototoxicity ratio when keeping basic colorless appearance:
Table V
Reference Photopic vision ratio-V λ (%) Noctovision ratio-V ' λ (%) Phototoxicity ratio (B λ)?(%) The circadian rhythm ratio (M ' λ)(%)
Do not filter 100 100 100 100
Polycarbonate-be unstained 88 87 86 74
Pratt 28 16 4 7
Mainster 86 78 39 46
Mainster (20nm moves) 86 83 63 56
Mainster (+20nm moves) 84 68 15 32
HPOO dyestuff (2x) 88 81 50 62
HPOO dyestuff (x) 88 84 64 63
HPOO dyestuff (x/2) 87 84 72 66
HPOO dyestuff (x/4) 89 87 79 71
Observe the raising of contrast sensitivity when using debita spissitudo De perylene.Referring to embodiment 2, Table VI.Be noted that only as an example, use the dyestuff of Ji Yu perylene or pigment to realize the present invention.When using this dyestuff, according to embodiment or purposes, can prepare this dyestuff so that its molecule in conjunction with or chemical bond to substrate or be applied on the suprabasil coating so that this dyestuff can not leach.Only illustrate, it is used for contact lens, IOL, corneal inlay, cornea coverture etc.
When other visible wavelength of scientific discovery was harmful, selective filter can make up to stop other target wavelength.
In one embodiment of the invention, contact lens comprises be mixed with the perylene dyestuff that it is not leached from the contact lens sheet material.Further this dyestuff of preparation is so that it provides yellow hue.This yellow hue can make contact lens have to be convenient to the tone of wearer's operation.Perylene dyestuff or pigment further provide selective filter as shown in figure 48.This filtration provides the contrast sensitivity of retina protection and raising and photopic vision, noctovision, color vision or the circadian rhythm that does not endanger the people with any meaningful ways.
Under the situation of embodiment of the present invention of contact lens, dyestuff or pigment for example can be mixed in the contact lens by absorption, to be located at contact lens central authorities 10 mm dias or littler, in the circle of the preferred contact lens 6-8 of central authorities mm dia, this circle overlaps with wearer's pupil.In this embodiment, to provide the level of the contrast sensitivity that the dyestuff of selective light wavelength filtering or pigment concentration improve wearer most provides raising (comparing when not wearing contact lens), and not with any meaningful ways harm people's photopic vision, noctovision, color vision or circadian rhythm (one, multinomial or whole).
Preferably, by (FACT) raising of the raising confirmation contrast sensitivity of mark of the functional eyesight contrast sensitivity test of about at least user of 0.1,0.25,0.3,0.5,0.7,1,1.25,1.4 or 1.5 (Functional AcuityContrast Test).About wearer's photopic vision, noctovision, color vision and/or circadian rhythm, the peculiar level when this remains on or all these characteristics not contain this with system with optimum system choosing 15%, 10%, 5% or 1% in.
In another embodiment of the present invention that adopt contact lens, dyestuff or pigment are provided, it causes the yellow hue that is positioned at the contact lens 5-7 of central authorities mm dia and wherein adds second tone in this central authorities tone periphery.In this embodiment, with dye strength increase that selective light wavelength filtering is provided most the wearer provide fabulous contrast sensitivity and not with the level of any meaningful ways harm wearer's photopic vision, noctovision, color vision or circadian rhythm (, multinomial or whole).
In adopting another embodiment of the present invention of contact lens, provide dyestuff or pigment be located at contact lens from edge roughly in the whole diameter at another edge.In this embodiment, with dye strength increase that selective light wavelength filtering is provided most the wearer provide fabulous contrast sensitivity and not with the level of any meaningful ways harm wearer's photopic vision, noctovision, color vision or circadian rhythm (, multinomial or whole).
When in human or animal tissues or on when using various embodiment of the present invention, prepare dyestuff with chemical bond to the mode that embeds on the base material, guarantee that thus it does not leach in the cornea tissue around.It is known in chemistry and the polymer industry that the method that can realize the chemical hook of this combination is provided.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the intraocular lens comprises the selective light wavelength light filter, and it has little yellow hue and further provides improved contrast sensitivity for the wearer and not with any meaningful ways harm wearer's photopic vision, noctovision, color vision or circadian rhythm (one, multinomial or whole).When this selective filter is used in that the intraocular lens goes up or is interior, can improve dyestuff or pigment content to surpass the dyestuff or the pigment content of lens, because observe the beauty treatment that wearer's people can not see the intraocular lens.This has realized improving the ability of dyestuff or pigment concentration, and provides higher levels of improved contrast sensitivity and not with any meaningful ways harm wearer's photopic vision, noctovision, color vision or circadian rhythm (one, multinomial or whole).
In an embodiment more of the present invention, lens comprises the selective light wavelength light filter of the dyestuff that comprises Ju You perylene, and wherein the preparation of this dyestuff provides the lens with basic colorless appearance.In addition, it provides improved contrast sensitivity for the wearer and not with any meaningful ways harm wearer's photopic vision, noctovision, color vision or circadian rhythm (one, multinomial or whole).In this particular of the present invention, this dyestuff or pigment mixed be positioned at lens surface or lip-deep film.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: make the polycarbonate lens with integral type film, this film contains the blue blocking dyestuff of various concentration, and measures the transmitted spectrum of each eyeglass as shown in Figure 45.Use is under 2.2 millimeters lens thicknesses 35,15,7.6 and 3.8ppm (weight base) De perylene concentration.The various tolerance that each eyeglass is calculated are presented in the Table IV, with reference to corresponding to the Reference numeral among Figure 45 number.Because the selective absorption rate of light depends primarily on the product of dye strength and coating thickness according to Beer ' s law, it is believed that with film or replace film use hard conating and/or undercoat can realize quite result.
Table IV
Eyeglass Reference numeral Photopic vision ratio (V λ) The noctovision ratio (V ' λ) The circadian rhythm ratio (M ' λ) Phototoxicity ratio (B λ)
Filter light (no eyeglass) not 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
Polycarbonate lens (no dyestuff) 4510 87.5% 87.1% 74.2% 85.5%
3.8ppm(2.2mm) 4520 88.6% 86.9% 71.0% 78.8%
7.6ppm(2.2mm) 4530 87.0% 84.1% 65.9% 71.1%
15ppm(2.2mm) 4540 88.3% 83.8% 63.3% 63.5%
35ppm(2.2mm) 4550 87.7% 80.9% 61.5% 50.2%
Except that the 35ppm tinted lens, all eyeglasses described in Table IV and Figure 45 comprise that UV dyestuff commonly used in the eye lens system is to suppress to be lower than the UV wavelength of 380 nanometers.The photopic vision ratio has been described normal vision, and calculates with the integration of this identical sensitivity curve divided by filter light not as the integration of light filter transmitted spectrum and V λ (photopic vision sensitivity).The noctovision ratio has been described the vision under the half-light lighting condition and has been calculated with the integration of this identical sensitivity curve divided by filter light not as the integration of light filter transmitted spectrum and V ' λ (noctovision sensitivity).The circadian rhythm ratio has been described light to circadian influence, and calculates with the integration of this identical sensitivity curve divided by filter light not as the integration of light filter transmitted spectrum and M ' λ (melatonin inhibition sensitivity).The phototoxicity ratio has been described by high energy light and has been exposed the ocular damage cause, and calculates with the integration of this identical sensitivity curve divided by filter light not as the integration of light filter transmission and B λ (lenticular UV-blue light phototoxicity is arranged).Be used to calculate the response function of these values corresponding to Mainster and Sparrow, " How Much Blue Light Should anIOL Transmit? " Br.J.Ophthalmo1., 2003, the 87th volume, the 1523-29 page or leaf, Mainster, " Intraocular Lenses Should Block UV Radiation and Violet butnot Blue Light; " Arch.Ophthal, the 123rd volume, the 550th page of (2005) and Mainster, " Violet and Blue Light Blocking Intraocular Lenses:Photoprotection vs.Photoreception ", Br.J.Ophthalmol, 2006, the 90 volumes, those disclosed in the 784-92 page or leaf.Use for some, different phototoxicity curves are suitable, but computing method are identical.For example, use, should use aphakic phototoxicity curve for intraocular lens (IOL).In addition, along with the improvement to the understanding of phototoxicity ray machine system, novel phototoxicity curve may be suitable for.
Shown in above-mentioned example data, system of the present invention can selectivity suppress blue light, especially the light of 400 nanometers-460 nano-area, still provide simultaneously about at least 85% photopic vision transmittance and less than about 80%, be more preferably less than about 70%, be more preferably less than approximately 60%, be more preferably less than about 50% phototoxicity ratio.As mentioned above, use the techniques described herein, also can realize maximum 95% or bigger photopic vision transmittance.
Principle as herein described can be used for various light sources, light filter and skin color, purpose is to filter the phototoxicity blue light of definite part, reduce platycoria, noctovision sensitivity simultaneously, see the beauty treatment color of exterior ocular with the cross-color of equipment and observer's the visual angle of face of wearing the people of this equipment from observation with equipment by eye.
Particular instantiation and/or described several embodiments of the present invention in this article.But, recognize that under the situation that does not deviate from spirit of the present invention and desired extent, modification of the present invention and change are encompassed in the scope of above-mentioned instruction and appended claims.For example, although used the case description method and system as herein described of particular dye, dielectric optical filter, skin color and light source, it being understood that and to use substituting dyestuff, light filter, skin color and light source.
Embodiment 2:With clear filter in contrast, use 9 patients' of 1X and 2X dye strength test contrast sensitivity.7 contrast sensitivities that show according to functional eyesight contrast sensitivity test (FACT) general improvements among 9 patients.Referring to Table VI:
Figure A20078005053600381

Claims (17)

1. the eye system that comprises the eye lens that is selected from lens, contact lens, intraocular lens, corneal inlay, cornea coverture, corneal graft and cornea tissue, wherein said eye lens comprises the selective light wavelength light filter, and wherein said selective filter improves contrast sensitivity.
2. the eye of claim 1 use system, and wherein one or more in photopic vision, noctovision, color vision and the circadian rhythm are compared change and are no more than 15% with the system that does not contain this selective filter.
3. the eye of claim 1 is used system, and wherein this selective filter comprises at least a in dyestuff and the pigment.
4. the eye of claim 3 is used system, and wherein this selective filter comprises one or more: perylenes, porphyrin, cumarin, acridine and the derivant thereof in following.
5. the eye of claim 4 is used system, wherein this selective filter Bao Han perylene or derivatives thereof.
6. the eye of claim 4 is used system, and wherein this selective filter comprises porphyrin.
7. the eye of claim 3 use system, and wherein this selective filter comprises and synthesizes or non-synthetic dyestuff.
8. the eye of claim 7 is used system, and wherein this selective filter comprises at least a in following: melanin, xenthophylls and luteole.
9. the eye of claim 1 is used system, and wherein this selective filter is a film.
10. the eye of claim 1 is used system, and wherein this selective filter is the scratch resistance coating.
11. the eye of claim 1 is used system, wherein this selective filter is the visible colorant in the contact lens.
12. the eye of claim 11 is used system, wherein this visible colorant has more than a kind of color.
13. the eye of claim 1 is used system, wherein this selective filter is an antireflection coatings.
14. the eye of claim 1 is used system, wherein this selective filter is a hydrophobic coating.
15. the eye of claim 1 is used system, wherein this selective filter comprises photochromic material.
16. comprise the eyeglass of the selective light wavelength light filter that is positioned at the center, wherein said eyeglass can improve contrast sensitivity.
17. the eyeglass of claim 16, wherein this eyeglass is selected from contact lens, intraocular lens, corneal inlay, cornea coverture and corneal graft.
CNA2007800505362A 2006-11-28 2007-10-31 High performance selective optical wavelength filtering providing improved contrast sensitivity Pending CN101595421A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010086633.4A CN111292615B (en) 2006-11-28 2007-10-31 High performance selective light wavelength filtering providing improved contrast sensitivity
CN201710363855.4A CN107272223A (en) 2006-11-28 2007-10-31 High-performance selective optical wavelength filtering that provides improved contrast sensitivity

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US86124706P 2006-11-28 2006-11-28
US60/861,247 2006-11-28
US11/761,892 2007-06-12
US11/892,460 2007-08-23
US60/978,175 2007-10-08

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201710363855.4A Division CN107272223A (en) 2006-11-28 2007-10-31 High-performance selective optical wavelength filtering that provides improved contrast sensitivity
CN202010086633.4A Division CN111292615B (en) 2006-11-28 2007-10-31 High performance selective light wavelength filtering providing improved contrast sensitivity

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN101595421A true CN101595421A (en) 2009-12-02

Family

ID=41409181

Family Applications (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CNA2007800505362A Pending CN101595421A (en) 2006-11-28 2007-10-31 High performance selective optical wavelength filtering providing improved contrast sensitivity
CN202010086633.4A Active CN111292615B (en) 2006-11-28 2007-10-31 High performance selective light wavelength filtering providing improved contrast sensitivity
CN201710363855.4A Pending CN107272223A (en) 2006-11-28 2007-10-31 High-performance selective optical wavelength filtering that provides improved contrast sensitivity

Family Applications After (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202010086633.4A Active CN111292615B (en) 2006-11-28 2007-10-31 High performance selective light wavelength filtering providing improved contrast sensitivity
CN201710363855.4A Pending CN107272223A (en) 2006-11-28 2007-10-31 High-performance selective optical wavelength filtering that provides improved contrast sensitivity

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (3) CN101595421A (en)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102928992A (en) * 2012-11-23 2013-02-13 李国荣 Efficient blu-ray inhibition lens and preparation method thereof
CN103282823A (en) * 2010-09-29 2013-09-04 株式会社尼康依视路 Optical component and method for producing same
CN103941320A (en) * 2014-04-08 2014-07-23 丁鹏飞 Device for selectively filtering light rays
CN104303096A (en) * 2012-05-16 2015-01-21 埃西勒国际通用光学公司 spectacle lenses
CN104977636A (en) * 2014-04-03 2015-10-14 詹姆斯·M·加拉斯 Optical filters utilizing melanin to minimize glare and loss of color vision for electronic displays
CN105842876A (en) * 2015-02-02 2016-08-10 Bnl优罗兰斯公司 Ophthalmic lens, in particular for sunglasses
CN106662761A (en) * 2014-09-03 2017-05-10 埃西勒国际通用光学公司 An optical device
CN107003545A (en) * 2014-12-01 2017-08-01 豪雅镜片泰国有限公司 eyeglass and glasses
CN107405466A (en) * 2015-01-28 2017-11-28 因诺科普有限公司 System and method for simulating cognitive impairment
CN108604133A (en) * 2016-02-09 2018-09-28 曼彻斯特大学 The improvement that image is formed
CN109982841A (en) * 2016-11-23 2019-07-05 Ppg工业俄亥俄公司 The ultraviolet protection transparent body
CN110832388A (en) * 2017-03-31 2020-02-21 豪雅镜片泰国有限公司 Glasses lens
US11707595B2 (en) 2018-09-25 2023-07-25 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Controlling light exposure for circadian phase management

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107894501A (en) * 2017-11-06 2018-04-10 深圳先进技术研究院 A kind of contact lens kit and its application
US12055796B2 (en) * 2018-02-09 2024-08-06 Carl Zeiss Vision International Gmbh Lens and method for manufacturing lens
US10627555B2 (en) * 2018-04-09 2020-04-21 Southwall Technologies Inc. Selective light-blocking optical products having a neutral reflection
CN110888242B (en) * 2019-10-21 2021-05-18 湖南波比生物科技有限公司 Application method of melanin and preparation method of melanin lens
EP4139722A4 (en) * 2020-04-24 2024-05-15 Solutia Canada Inc. Layered assemblies for providing a targetted transmitted color and a targetted reflective color

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1659235A (en) * 2002-04-15 2005-08-24 索尔维先进聚合物有限责任公司 Polysulfone compositions exhibiting very low color and high light transmittance properties and articles made therefrom

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6369964B1 (en) * 1998-09-04 2002-04-09 General Scientific Corporation Optical filters for reducing eye strain, during surgery
US20040070726A1 (en) * 2000-11-03 2004-04-15 Andrew Ishak Waterman's sunglass lens
US6955430B2 (en) * 2001-12-11 2005-10-18 Pratt Steven G Blue blocking lens
EP1523857A1 (en) * 2002-07-19 2005-04-20 Fuji Photo Film Co. Ltd. Liquid crystal projector, liquid crystal device and substrate for liquid crystal device
US20050120811A1 (en) * 2003-12-03 2005-06-09 Hardcastle Henry K.Iii Method and apparatus for characterizing weathering reciprocity of a material
CA2552122A1 (en) * 2003-12-29 2005-07-21 Advanced Medical Optics, Inc. Intraocular lenses having a visible light-selective-transmissive-region
US7842367B2 (en) * 2005-05-05 2010-11-30 Key Medical Technologies, Inc. Ultra violet, violet, and blue light filtering polymers for ophthalmic applications

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1659235A (en) * 2002-04-15 2005-08-24 索尔维先进聚合物有限责任公司 Polysulfone compositions exhibiting very low color and high light transmittance properties and articles made therefrom

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10371867B2 (en) 2010-09-29 2019-08-06 Nikon-Essilor Co., Ltd. Optical component and method of manufacturing the same
CN103282823A (en) * 2010-09-29 2013-09-04 株式会社尼康依视路 Optical component and method for producing same
CN103282823B (en) * 2010-09-29 2014-12-31 株式会社尼康依视路 Optical component and method for producing same
CN104303096A (en) * 2012-05-16 2015-01-21 埃西勒国际通用光学公司 spectacle lenses
CN104303096B (en) * 2012-05-16 2016-07-06 埃西勒国际通用光学公司 Lens
CN102928992B (en) * 2012-11-23 2014-07-30 李国荣 Efficient blu-ray inhibition lens and preparation method thereof
CN102928992A (en) * 2012-11-23 2013-02-13 李国荣 Efficient blu-ray inhibition lens and preparation method thereof
CN104977636A (en) * 2014-04-03 2015-10-14 詹姆斯·M·加拉斯 Optical filters utilizing melanin to minimize glare and loss of color vision for electronic displays
CN104977636B (en) * 2014-04-03 2020-02-28 詹姆斯·M·加拉斯 Filter for electronic display using melanin to minimize glare and color vision loss
CN103941320A (en) * 2014-04-08 2014-07-23 丁鹏飞 Device for selectively filtering light rays
CN106662761A (en) * 2014-09-03 2017-05-10 埃西勒国际通用光学公司 An optical device
US10690944B2 (en) 2014-12-01 2020-06-23 Hoya Lens Thailand Ltd. Spectacle lens that reflects blue light, and spectacles equipped with the spectacle lens
CN107003545A (en) * 2014-12-01 2017-08-01 豪雅镜片泰国有限公司 eyeglass and glasses
CN107405466A (en) * 2015-01-28 2017-11-28 因诺科普有限公司 System and method for simulating cognitive impairment
CN107405466B (en) * 2015-01-28 2020-06-23 因诺科普有限公司 System and method for simulating cognitive impairment
CN105842876A (en) * 2015-02-02 2016-08-10 Bnl优罗兰斯公司 Ophthalmic lens, in particular for sunglasses
CN111812861A (en) * 2015-02-02 2020-10-23 Bnl优罗兰斯公司 Ophthalmic lens, in particular for sunglasses
CN111812861B (en) * 2015-02-02 2022-08-09 Bnl优罗兰斯公司 Ophthalmic lens, in particular for sunglasses
CN108604133A (en) * 2016-02-09 2018-09-28 曼彻斯特大学 The improvement that image is formed
US11100619B2 (en) 2016-02-09 2021-08-24 The University Of Manchester Image formation
CN109982841A (en) * 2016-11-23 2019-07-05 Ppg工业俄亥俄公司 The ultraviolet protection transparent body
US12036769B2 (en) 2016-11-23 2024-07-16 Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. Ultraviolet protective transparency
CN110832388A (en) * 2017-03-31 2020-02-21 豪雅镜片泰国有限公司 Glasses lens
US11707595B2 (en) 2018-09-25 2023-07-25 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Controlling light exposure for circadian phase management

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN107272223A (en) 2017-10-20
CN111292615A (en) 2020-06-16
CN111292615B (en) 2022-11-11

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US11774783B2 (en) High performance selective light wavelength filtering providing improved contrast sensitivity
JP6710177B2 (en) High performance selective optical wavelength filtering that provides improved contrast sensitivity
CN101595421A (en) High performance selective optical wavelength filtering providing improved contrast sensitivity
KR101768548B1 (en) Photochromic Ophthalmic Systems That Selectively Filter Specific Blue Light Wavelengths
US8360574B2 (en) High performance selective light wavelength filtering providing improved contrast sensitivity
CN101501553B (en) color balanced ophthalmic system with selective light inhibition
US9377569B2 (en) Photochromic ophthalmic systems that selectively filter specific blue light wavelengths
JP5313141B2 (en) System and method for selective light suppression
HK40028984B (en) High performance selective light wavelength filtering providing improved contrast sensitivity
HK40028984A (en) High performance selective light wavelength filtering providing improved contrast sensitivity
HK1207426B (en) Photochromic ophthalmic systems that selectively filter specific blue light wavelengths
HK1165016B (en) Photochromic ophthalmic systems that selectively filter specific blue light wavelengths

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication

Application publication date: 20091202

RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication