CN101595303A - Hybrid wind turbine system, apparatus and method - Google Patents
Hybrid wind turbine system, apparatus and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101595303A CN101595303A CNA2008800033629A CN200880003362A CN101595303A CN 101595303 A CN101595303 A CN 101595303A CN A2008800033629 A CNA2008800033629 A CN A2008800033629A CN 200880003362 A CN200880003362 A CN 200880003362A CN 101595303 A CN101595303 A CN 101595303A
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Abstract
A wind turbine assembly and method capable of providing an overall constant power output. There is a wind power section that transfers non-constant power from the wind turbine to the generator section. There is also an auxiliary power section that can supply constant power to the same generator section. This may be operated in three modes of operation, namely a wind power only mode, an auxiliary power only mode and a combined wind power and auxiliary power mode.
Description
The cross reference of related application
The application advocates the preference of the United States serial 60/898619 of application on January 30th, 2007.
Technical field
The present invention relates in general to wind eddies wheel technology, relates in particular to the system that wind eddies wheel apparatus and method and other energy sources are combined.
Background technique
Though wind eddies wheel power has many advantages as additional and/or replacement energy source, the shortcoming that it has really is to have the time lag in the time can not producing any power at all or only produce amount of power.Thereby, had several different methods with wind power source and other independently power source combine producing power more reliably with " firm power " form.
The search of patent documentation has been disclosed and addressed these problems relevant patent, summed up these patents hereinafter.
US 4204126 (Diggs) has disclosed " Guided Flow Wind Power Machine WithTubular Fans ", wherein can generate electric power when this machine is supplied with power by wind.Simultaneously, when enough wind power, this machine also has hydraulically the ability that promotes " big weight ".When wind went down, allowing big weight to be thrown downwards provided energy to drive generator then.Figure 4 and 5 show the weight of arranging 114 to 120 in limitting mutually.
US 5740677 (Vestesen) shows the system that is suitable in the position use that needs electric power and fresh water.Yet the salt water source is also closed on by this dwelling house community.Have wind diesel engine factory, this factory provides fresh water for various uses provide electric power and operation distillation unit.Wind/diesel oil factory comprises internal-combustion engine, wind eddies wheel, distillation unit, the first closed fluid circuit that comprises heating and cooling equipment and the second open fluid circuit at least.
US 6127739 (Appa) was authorized to and is in inventor's three patents identical with the present inventor first on October 3rd, 2000.In this patent, exist to have to cause rotor 12 before the forward direction of the blade of the rotation of a direction, and the back and the back rotor 21 (being called lee side rotor 21) of rotation in the opposite direction of rotor 12 before being positioned at.The various projects that this patent statement is increased to this device can produce and exceed a lot " energy efficiency factor values ".
US 6278197 (Appa) is second patent of inventor, and has disclosed a kind of wind eddies wheel, and this wind eddies wheel has in the forward direction turbine blade group of a direction rotation and in first group of back and the second turbine blade group that in the opposite direction rotate.Having this structural reason is still to have energy in through the air of the first turbine blade group, and this energy is utilized in the second turbine blade group.
US 6492743B1 (Appa) is the 3rd (up-to-date) patent of Mr. Appa, and this patent also shows the basic configuration of wind eddies wheel, wherein has forward direction and back vane group.Have the heat exchanger with centrifugal cutter, this heat exchanger makes flow of ambient air pass to alternator in the cooling unit, and the air channel in the Hot air quilt blade is directed to the firing chamber.Rock gas or liquid also are sent to rotating frame (rotatingframe).When wind speed was low, fuel can be injected into the firing chamber and and air is burned together in a large number.Hot gas expands to provide thrust to assist wind power at outlet nozzle.
Summary of the invention
Embodiments of the invention comprise the wind eddies wheel assembly and the method for the firm power output that can provide total.The wind power part of non-constant power is transmitted in existence to generator portion from the wind eddies wheel.Also there is the auxiliary power portion that firm power can be provided to same generator portion.Can operate with three kinds of operator schemes, promptly only the wind power mode, only the auxiliary power pattern and the combination wind power and auxiliary power pattern.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the front view of the hybrid wind turbine system of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the axonometric exploded view such as grade that shows the parts of typical wind eddies wheel apparatus, and some or all in these parts can combine with the wind eddies wheel apparatus of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic representation of first embodiment's power generating unit 16;
Fig. 4,4A are the views similar with Fig. 3 with 4B, show second embodiment that explanation is used for the replacement position of auxiliary drive;
Fig. 5 is the view similar with Fig. 3 with Fig. 1 with 5A, shows the 3rd embodiment of the heat recovery section in the expression support tower;
Fig. 6 shows the fourth embodiment of the present invention, and wherein steam generator and steam turbine are used as supplemental power source;
Fig. 7 and 7A show the basic wind turbine system that also uses solar energy to increase energy to system;
Fig. 8 is similar with Fig. 7, because Fig. 8 shows the basic wind turbine system that has also used motor auxiliary drive with heat recovery and the steam turbine auxiliary drive that is associated;
Fig. 9 shows the system that is used for the solar energy system, and but it is independent of wind eddies wheel power generation system has identical wind eddies wheel construction;
Figure 10 is the combination of Fig. 7 and 8, because Figure 10 shows the basic wind eddies wheel energy system that uses the solar energy system that has the motor auxiliary drive of heat recovery, the steam turbine auxiliary drive that is associated and use identical steamturbine; And
Figure 11 shows the basic wind turbine system of the substructure with extra engine compartment, and the substructure of this engine compartment is used to hold extra heat recovery and power generates equipment.
Embodiment
At first can more be expressly understood the present invention by the whole system of looking back the first embodiment of the present invention as shown in Figure 1 briefly.Be more detailed description then to one group of parts shown in Figure 2, these parts usually in the wind eddies wheel apparatus of prior art visible and parts that have or all can be included in the embodiments of the invention.Be more detailed description then to the embodiment of the invention.
A. first embodiment's summary description
Carry out description now, as mentioned above, will be described with reference to figure 1 to first embodiment's summary more.Have wind eddies wheel assembly 10, this wind eddies wheel assembly 10 comprises bottom support portion, and this bottom support portion comprises the perpendicular alignmnet tower 11 that is supported by pedestal 12.In the upper end of tower 11, exist power (power) to generate main supporting structure 13, this structure 13 rotatably is installed to tower 11 to rotate around the rotation vertical shaft 14 that is positioned at tower 11 central authorities.The power generating unit 16 that this supporting portion 13 is first embodiment provides support, and can be arranged in the structure common and engine compartment 13 that the wind eddies turbine uses.
Whole power generating unit 16 comprises that blade part 18, rotating speed change drive portion 20, generator portion 22 and auxiliary power portion 24.Wheel hub or rotor 30 that blade part 18 comprises a plurality of turbine blades 28 and connected blade 18.
Main and secondary power generating unit is operated together so that generator 22 provides firm power.
B. the summary of some prior art parts
Presented the describe, in general terms to first embodiment, now attention diversion has been arrived Fig. 2, as mentioned above, Fig. 2 is the exploded view of several parts, and these parts itself are present in the prior art and use usually in current wind eddies turbine.In Fig. 2, only show two in three blades 28 and rotor 30 is not shown.Have lower velocity shaft 32, this lower velocity shaft 32 (as shown in Figure 3) is connected to rapid change drive portion 34, and this rapid change drive portion 34 is by schematically illustrated a little, and (hinting as its title) has the power output of the RPM higher than axle 32.
This drive portion 34 is the form of gear part normally.Usually, the rotational speed of lower velocity shaft 32 is between per minute about 30 to 60 changes, and gear part 34 is connected to generator 22 again so that the speed rotation of generator between about 1200 to 3600RPM.These normally a large amount of current desired rotational speeies that are used to produce electric power of generator.Gear part 34 is connected to the axle 38 that is arranged in generator 22.
The recording anemometer 40 of measuring wind and the wind vane 42 of definite wind direction are provided.The wind speed and direction data all are sent to controller 44.Controller 44 as what its title hinted, is carried out various control functions.For example, controller 44 control driftage drive 46 and related motor 48 begin and stop wind eddies turbine etc. with maintenance blade part 18 when the change of the wind towards wind.The disk type braker 49 that is used for lower velocity shaft 32 also is provided, and can mechanically, electrically or have hydraulically used the rotation of disk type braker 49 in the prior art with the parts that when urgent, stop the rotation.
Shown in Fig. 2 all or nearly all parts occur or can occur in an embodiment of the present invention.Yet (for example for fear of making the figure confusion) for convenience of explanation do not illustrate these parts in explanation nine embodiments' of the present invention following figure (Fig. 3-11).
C. the description of first embodiment of the invention
All (perhaps many) parts of first embodiment have been shown among in Fig. 1,2 and 3 at least.With reference now to Fig. 3.Should be noted that the many parts that appear among Fig. 3 also appear in Fig. 1 or 2.For the sake of clarity, those parts that all occurred among any or two in Fig. 1 and 2 among Fig. 3 have similar reference character, use suffix " a " to distinguish those specific features.Then, the parts that still do not occur in Fig. 1 or 2 that occur in Fig. 3 have new reference character.
Carry out description now,, have the blade 28a that is connected to wheel hub 30a as in Fig. 1 to first embodiment of Fig. 3.Wheel hub 30a is connected to and drives lower velocity shaft 32a again.Lower velocity shaft 32a actuating speed again changes drive portion 20a, and rapid change drive portion 20a provides the power output of high rotation speed to generator 22a then.
This that describe in the epimere first embodiment's parts occur in Fig. 1 or 2.Also showing in Fig. 3 to provide the 24a of auxiliary drive portion that drives output to generator 22a.
For convenience of description, during position component in describing Fig. 3, should consider wheel hub 30a in front or position forward, and the position of auxiliary drive unit 24a should be considered and has back location.Simultaneously, the running shaft of wheel hub 30a, blade 28a and lower velocity shaft 32a and any other parts of rotating on same axis should designated " power of rotation generates axle 67 ".
Return this first embodiment's description now, auxiliary drive unit 24a provides rotation to drive output to torque converter 66.Torque converter 66 has again to the driving connection that surmounts driver part 68 (can be to surmount to drive clutch simply), surmounts the rear end that driver part 68 is connected to the high speed shaft 38a of generator 22a again.The front end of the axle 38a of generator 22a is connected to forward direction and surmounts driver part 69 then, and forward direction surmounts the driving carry-out part that driver part 69 is connected to rapid change drive portion 34a.Can need or can not need torque converter 66 between auxiliary drive unit 24a and generator 22a, and torque converter 66 depends on the design speed of generator 22a and auxiliary drive unit 24a.If the service speed of the service speed of auxiliary drive unit 24a and generator 22a is near coincideing, free wheel device 68 can provide the suitable method that generator 22a is coupled to auxiliary drive unit 24a.
Existence can have the multiple existing driving with auxiliary drive unit 24a identical function.For example, driving can comprise internal-combustion engine, external-combustion engine, steam turbine, steamer or combination drive.The driving of common type includes but not limited to petrol engine, diesel engine, natural gas engine, gas-turbine engine, steam turbine, steamer, Stirling engine, gas expander or has the hydraulic pressure or the electric notor of contiguous power source or hydraulic energy.The energy source that is used for auxiliary drive unit 24a can comprise that gasoline, diesel oil, jet fuel, heavy oil, rock gas, propane, hydrogen, ethanol, coal, wood or any other are suitable for the energy source of auxiliary drive or its cooperative equipment.
D. first embodiment's operation
Describe this first embodiment's operating characteristics now, let us is looked back three kinds of different situations, that is:
1. thereby wind speed enough can generate the power output of enough power with the expectation of generation generator 22a;
2. wind speed is not enough to drive vane portion, and the excitation auxiliary drive 24a of portion generates required electric power; And
3. the aspiration level of total electric power output be exported and can be obtained to wind speed can with the electric power that only generates the desired output that is lower than generator 22a by the 18a of rotation blade portion, needs the operation auxiliary drive 24a of portion.
Under first kind of situation (wherein wind-force is sufficiently high level), blade part 18a is rotated with full power output or near full power and exports the 18a of drive vane portion.In more detail, thereby thereby blade part 18a increases drive portion 20a with enough power output rotation speed drives generator 22a by free wheel device 69 actions with enough power output, thus obtain enough electric power.The drive portion 68 that surmounts that is connected to the axle 38a of generator 22a connects simply and crosses the 24a of auxiliary drive portion, thereby it is static that the 24a of auxiliary drive portion keeps.
Consider now second kind of situation, wherein or do not have wind or wind speed is little to feasible blade part 18a is placed static or non-rotary simply position.In this case, thereby manually or automatically encourage its rotation output of the 24a of auxiliary drive portion to be conducted through torque converter 66, torque converter 66 by surmounting drive portion 68 actions, is caught to drive generator 22a in direction rotation thereby surmount drive portion 68 again.
Simultaneously, it is static that rapid change drive portion 20a keeps, and because the connection between drive portion 20a and the generator 22a is to surmount driver part 69, thereby generator 22a can operate and makes its and drive portion 20a not have driving with rotation to be connected and all to be driven by Auxiliary Power Unit 24a.
Consider the third situation now, the power that its apoplexy produces is enough greatly to realize useful lower-wattage output level, still not even as big as meeting the desired power output.In this case, utilize the 24a of auxiliary drive portion to make the driving element 68 of rotation by the 24a of auxiliary drive portion of torque converter 66 of the 24a of auxiliary drive portion move, and provide power to the rear end of the axle 38a of generator 22a.
Simultaneously, the inclination of blade 28a can be set at the angle of attack, to optimize the power output by using two power sources to obtain.Its effect is that the axle 38a of generator 22a is driven in its end, front and back, thereby exists enough power to generate the electric power output of expectation.
Simultaneously, in the 3rd operator scheme, two engagement positio operations that surmount driving element (driving clutch) 68 and 69 at them, thus provide rotating force with sufficiently high power output to generator 22a.
E. first embodiment's application
Now our attention diversion may be used (i.e. the variety of way that may be used) to some of the system of first embodiment of the invention.Shown in above this paper, one of shortcoming of wind eddies turbine is its intermittently living power of real estate.Thereby this makes wind-force belong to " non-constant energy produces the survivor " classification.Yet by the combined wind power turbo machine in first embodiment's combination, it becomes the firm power source now, can provide energy to power network on the basis that continues.
The another kind of situation that may use is the municipal administration that needs the firm power source.By first embodiment's system, thereby this system can be transformed the electric power that supplemental power source itself can generate abundant level.In this case, supplemental power source can be as independent power source operation in the time lag when wind eddies wheel power source is idle.But then when the wind energy time spent, system can operate in the pattern of above-mentioned pattern 1 or pattern 2, wherein electric power output all from the wind eddies wheel, perhaps can be operated in two drive patterns of mode 3, wherein uses the combined operation of wind eddies wheel and auxiliary power portion to drive generator 22a.
From can knowing three patterns each significantly, above-mentioned commentary all needs only generator 22a.Various costs take place providing by generator in the electric power, for example the cost of controller switching equipment, transformer etc.This layout by present embodiment has reduced ancillary cost by using identical generator, and this generator is used for:
1. " only wind power (power) pattern ";
2. " independent auxiliary power pattern "; And
3. " the wind power/auxiliary power pattern of combination ".
Needing to understand shown in figure 2, all parts (perhaps a large amount of parts) also can be used among each embodiment of the present invention.
1. generator type
In order summarily to comment generator 22a, aweather turbo machine provides several dissimilar generators, comprises influence generator, double-fed type influence generator (being used for speed controlling), variable revolutional slip (slip) influence generator (restriction that is used for speed changes), synchronous generator (directly with indirectly linking to each other) and DC generator (common little wind eddies turbine).The influence generator that most of wind eddies turbines in the service are standards, it is the constant speed machine.The variable velocity generator except the DC generator, can remain on suitable constant speed by control system.This is the increase to the operation of auxiliary drive, because can not change alternator speed by the earth to the additional energy input of generator.Additional torque input to generator causes exporting from the more power of generator simply.The DC generator is not considered to desirable alternative for auxiliary drive, because from the too big torque meeting of auxiliary drive the wind eddies turbine is accelerated to the stage that wind can not help energy to produce.
2. auxiliary drive is considered
In order summarily to comment the different possibility of auxiliary drive 24a, can auxiliary drive 24a be directly coupled to generator by torque converter or free wheel device, perhaps can also be to use torque converter or free wheel device auxiliary drive 24a to be connected by gear-box.In most of the cases, free wheel device is just enough; Yet, if desired with constant speed operation motor and change output shaft speed, can use torque converter to generator.If wind eddies turbine static (zero velocity) and operator wish to move generator, he can start auxiliary drive 24a.Because generator is static, in case auxiliary drive begins to start, free wheel device will engage generator.Generator amature understands in startup and auxiliary drive shaft rotates together, and always with the speed rotation identical with auxiliary drive.
For generator is connected to power network, auxiliary drive must accelerate to generator amature the speed of match generator rotating magnetic field.At this moment, can closed generator circuit breaker so that generator is connected to power network.Excess power input from auxiliary drive to generator can cause power to flow out to power network from generator.The replacement method of starter-generator can be to use soft-start behavior that most of large-scale wind eddies wheels have so that they are connected to power network.In this case, before closed circuit breaker, must use wind to come rotatable propeller, gear and generator so that it is near normal operational speeds.Under situation about having, can use soft-start behavior to come from stopping starter-generator fully.In this case, arrive before the wind energy input causes speed that power flows out from generator at generator, generator is always as motor.
If auxiliary drive has torque converter, before the engagement torque transducer is with the generator that runs up, operating and to start auxiliary drive and it is run to service speed.By torque converter, engine speed can be changed, and constant speed can be maintained at from the output shaft speed of torque converter, perhaps on the contrary, engine speed can be held constant and output speed can change along with alternator speed.
Can or drive generator from these two ends simultaneously from wind eddies turbine end, auxiliary drive end.Generator can not known difference.Generator only knows that torque is applied on oneself the rotor to generate electric power.Can use auxiliary drive to reduce the influence of high wind to the wind eddies turbine.Can realize reducing of this influence by applying from a certain amount of power of auxiliary drive, this a certain amount of power surpasses and greater than the power that is applied to generator from wind.The wind eddies turbine does not provide quota power to generator in this case.When high wind bump wind eddies turbine and when increasing generator output and causing high capacity on gear-box, thereby auxiliary drive can receive the breaking-up load that the automatic control regulator signal generator that reduces power output and gear can not stand to increase.Thereby wind eddies turbine manufacturer is devoted to improve the breaking-up influence that makes high wind always to minimize, and can welcome the new solution to problem.The current method of control high wind effect and electric control system and generator are associated.Use variable revolutional slip generator with permission extra wind energy is converted to power capacity and the energy promotion is not helped solve the high wind problem through generator by allow generator to quicken (the generator revolutional slip of increase) temporarily.This just as if clutch has been installed between wind eddies wheel propeller shaft and gear-box has been slided in high wind to be avoided causing the damage to gear to allow clutch.
3. the consideration of structure
The extra benefit that auxiliary drive is arranged is the center of gravity that changes engine compartment.Auxiliary drive is as the counterbalance on the opposite end of the engine compartment of propulsion device, wheel hub, axle and gear-box.Because those parts are very heavy, wind eddies turbine cabin must be positioned with the center of gravity that keeps oneself in tower in the heart.This just means the position that propulsion device is placed very close tower, and tower all is bent when making propeller blade at every turn through wind eddies wheel support tower.In the past, the wind shadow of propeller blade and deflection (flexing) have caused the strain fault of blade.Thereby the weight of the auxiliary drive on the opposite end of engine compartment allows engine compartment to be relocated propeller blade away from tower and be not vulnerable to deflection and strain fault.
F. the second embodiment of the present invention
With reference now to heteroid Fig. 4,4A and 4B as this second embodiment.
Second embodiment is similar with first embodiment, and the auxiliary drive parts that difference is are placed in different relative positions and have increased auxiliary drive rapid change portion to allow the installation of two auxiliary drive in Fig. 4 A and 4B.Above-mentioned example is that natural gas engine is installed as auxiliary drive, and steam turbine is installed as second auxiliary drive.Second auxiliary drive is the part of energy-recuperation system, and energy-recuperation system can reclaim discarded heat and will discard thermal conversion from first auxiliary drive is steam.Then steam is imported as the energy to second auxiliary drive.Another example for the use of second auxiliary drive is solar energy/wind mixing wind eddies turbine shown in Figure 7, wherein the steam that generates in the solar heat adsorber is delivered to second auxiliary drive (steam turbine) so that extra power to be provided to generator.
With Fig. 1,2 with same or analogous this second embodiment of parts shown in 3 in parts will have similar reference character, this reference character has " b " suffix distinguishing second embodiment's parts, and the parts of newly mentioning have new reference character.Further, in order to distinguish three different versions, in the version of Fig. 4, the parts in the version of suffix " b-1 " meeting component-bar chart 4, the parts in the version of suffix " b-2 " meeting component-bar chart 4A, the parts in the version of suffix " b-3 " meeting component-bar chart 4B.
These all three versions of second embodiment have following parts: blade 28b, wheel hub 30b, lower velocity shaft 32b, the 20b of rapid change portion, the 22b of generator portion and the 24b of auxiliary drive portion.In Fig. 4, these all parts basically with Fig. 3 in corresponding component arrange that similarly difference is to have two 24b-1 of auxiliary drive portion and 25b-1 in Fig. 4.Other special characteristic is all identical, for example has among first embodiment with Fig. 3 torque converter and free wheel device in essentially identical position.
Second embodiment's of Fig. 4 first version and first embodiment's difference are to also have the second auxiliary drive 25b-1 except auxiliary drive 24b-1, and the second auxiliary drive 25b-1 is connected to rapid change drive portion 20b-1.Sent to generator 22b-1 by rapid change drive portion 20b-1 from the power of auxiliary drive 25b-1 and be used for extra power output.In Fig. 4, when not having enough wind to rotate wind eddies wheel shaft 32b-1, free wheel device 27b-1 must be installed so that wind eddies wheel shaft 32b-1 is driven the 20b-1 de from rapid change.
In second version Fig. 4 A of Fig. 4, have identical parts: wind eddies impeller blade 28b-2, wheel hub 30b-2, lower velocity shaft 32b-2, the 20b-2 of rapid change portion, the 22b-2 of generator portion and the 24b-2 of auxiliary power portion.The difference of Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 is to have the second speed change 26b-2 of portion, and the second speed change 26b-2 of portion has and being operatively connected of the 24b-2 of auxiliary drive portion.Have second 25b-2 of auxiliary drive portion then, second 25b-2 of auxiliary drive portion also has being operatively connected by the second speed change 26b-2 of portion.Second 25b-2 of auxiliary drive portion provides the excess power except wind that can get from energy-recuperation system or energy production system to generator 22b-2, and second 25b-2 of auxiliary drive portion is the part of hybrid wind turbine system.
Fig. 4 B has the essentially identical parts with Fig. 4 A, difference be except the 24b-3 of auxiliary drive portion by the second speed change 26b-3 of the portion transmitted power, second 25b-3 of auxiliary drive portion and the second speed change 26b-3 of portion also are positioned at same side.In others, it is operated in the mode identical with second version of Fig. 4 A.
G. the third embodiment of the present invention
With reference now to Fig. 5 and 5A, the third embodiment of the present invention is described.To have similar reference character with the parts among same or analogous the 3rd embodiment of the parts in the previous embodiment, this reference character has " c " suffix to distinguish the 3rd embodiment's parts.
In the 3rd embodiment, use fundamental system as shown in Figure 3, thereby the 3rd embodiment's critical piece and their function basically with first embodiment in identical.Yet the feature of increase is that the two-stage (stage) of auxiliary engine driving quilt and organic Rankine cycling hot reclaiming system is combined to improve engine-driven whole efficiency.
In this embodiment, the two-stage 50c of heat recovery and 51c are arranged in wind eddies wheel support tower 11c.
By this system, the discarded heat of catching from auxiliary engine 24c exhaust and auxiliary engine 24c freezing mixture is handled in heat recovery.Simultaneously, the turbine that use to separate and will to discard thermal conversion as the generator of the part of the heat recovery system among the tower 11c be useful electric power.
Flow of hot exhaust from auxiliary drive motor 24c in Fig. 5 A arrives the organic Rankine combined-circulation once-through boiler with the evaporation organic working fluids.Leng Que exhaust flow to emission controlling unit 53c before being released to atmosphere then.Rankine cycle comprises boiler feedback pump 54c, and boiler feedback pump 54c is extracted into boiler 52c with organic working fluids and is used for evaporation.Steam flows to the expansion turbine 55c that is coupled to generator 56c then.Power from generator 56c is connected to wind eddies wheel electric switching system.Steam flows out expansion turbine then to air cooled condenser 57c, and steam is at the air cooled condenser 57c liquid that is condensed back.The liquid working fluid flows back to boiler feedback pump 54c then and is used for recirculation.
In this embodiment, the auxiliary drive engine coolant is delivered to organic Rankine combined-circulation once-through boiler 58c with the evaporation organic working fluids from auxiliary drive motor 24c.Use coolant pump 59c that the engine coolant of cooling is drawn back motor 24c then.Rankine cycle comprises boiler feedback pump 60c, and boiler feedback pump 60c is extracted into boiler 58c with organic workflow and is used for evaporation.Steam flows to the expansion turbine 61c that is coupled to generator 62c then.Power from generator 62c is connected to wind eddies wheel electric switching system.Steam flows out expansion turbine 61c then to air cooled condenser 62c, and steam is at the air cooled condenser 62c liquid that is condensed back.The liquid working fluid flows back to boiler feedback pump 60c then and is used for recirculation.
By discarded energy is converted to additional power, auxiliary drive 24c-1 is for the source of excess power very efficiently of mixing the wind eddies wheel.
H. the fourth embodiment of the present invention
Fig. 6 shows the fourth embodiment of the present invention.To have similar reference character with the parts among same or analogous the 4th embodiment of the parts in the previous embodiment, this reference character has " d " suffix to distinguish the 4th embodiment's parts.The 4th embodiment has and the identical basic operating element shown in first embodiment, and difference is that in the 4th embodiment, auxiliary drive portion 24d provide power by steam.Further, the steam that is used to power is provided of generation is generated by the boiler that is positioned at support tower 11d.Fuel can be solid fuel, liquid fuel, gaseous fuel or other fuel.
As shown in Figure 6, there be supporting structure 13d, blade part 18d, rapid change drive portion 20d and the generator 22d that is installed to tower 11d.Opposite side at generator 22d also exists two to surmount driver part 68b and 69d.
Have solid fuel hopper 90, solid fuel hopper 90 guides to smelting furnace zone 94 with solid fuel 92, has the forced ventilation that is generated by fan 96 in smelting furnace zone 94.Further, there are liquid and/or natural gas burner 98, steam drum 100, mud drum 102, boiler waste gas discharge portion 104 and dust precipitation chamber 106.There is steam line 108 to steam driven turbine 110.Steam driven turbine 110 is located in to generator 22d power is provided.Flow to ventilation type surface condenser 114 and by fan 116 coolings from the steam exhaust-gas of steamturbine 110 along pipeline 112.Condensation product flows to feedback water pump 105 and returns Boiler Steam drum 102.
I. the fifth embodiment of the present invention
With reference now to Fig. 7, the fifth embodiment of the present invention is described.To have similar reference character with the parts among same or analogous the 5th embodiment of the parts in the previous embodiment, this reference character has " e " suffix to distinguish the 5th embodiment's parts.
In the 5th embodiment, except wind eddies wheel power, also there are solar heat power source and auxiliary power portion.In this case, exist three power sources to drive generator, these three power sources are:
1. wind;
2. the power that generates of solar energy; And
3. as shown in this paper is previous, auxiliary drive portion can obtain fuel from multiple energy source, for example the motor that is driven by diesel fuel, rock gas, ethanol etc.
Wind and solar energy input can produce non-constant energy, and this non-constant energy can not be relied on the constant source as power.Yet auxiliary drive 24e (motor or turbine) can be the final backup that firm power generates.Thereby, these three options that provide for the wind eddies wheel are provided, and the user can buy basic wind eddies wheel, has the wind eddies wheel of solar heat energy driving, has the wind eddies wheel of motor or turbine (steam, gas-turbine etc.) auxiliary drive or have the driving of solar heat energy and motor or turbo-driven wind eddies wheel.Thereby, to the different energy input source of wind eddies wheel be not repel each other but can cooperate so that the output maximization of wind eddies wheel.By the background information that has provided, Fig. 7 shows at the basic element of character shown in first embodiment of Fig. 3, and above-mentioned with reference to figure 7 described parts.
Thereby, there is firm power source with the form of auxiliary drive motor 24e or other power source (seeing Fig. 7 A).
In this embodiment, in Fig. 7, have tower 11e, tower 11e supports supporting structure 13e, rapid change drive portion 20e and the generator 22e that rotatably installs.Fig. 7 A shows the motor auxiliary drive 24e-1 and the auxiliary drive 25e-1 of steamturbine form.Existence is from the condenser 152e of boiler feedback pump 148e-1 direct cold condensate.
For solar energy is provided, Fig. 7 A shows and has a plurality of heliostat 130e, and heliostat 130e reflexes to the solar heat adsorber 132e that is installed among the tower 11e with solar beam to assemble pattern.Fig. 7 A shows and has boiler feedback pump 134e, and boiler feedback pump 134e is extracted into dry drum 136e-1 with water or other liquid by solar collector 132e, thereby steam can be separated by the steam that generates from solar collector 132e-1 and the aqueous mixtures.Steam or other gas-powered medium move upward to steamturbine 125e-1.Steamturbine auxiliary drive 25e-1 provides rotary power output and motor auxiliary drive power output 24e-1 to generator 22e-1, perhaps provides rotary power output by other being operatively connected to generator 22e-1.
In operation, use arbitrary in the non-constant power source (being wind power source and solar power source) or both to provide energy output with rotary generator 22e-1.Owing to around weather environment cause not having arbitrary in wind power and the solar power or both and do not produce available power or only produce under the situation of less power output, can use supplemental power source 24e-1 that the power input is added to abundant level.Yet,, will not need the 24e-1 of auxiliary power portion if solar power source and/or wind power source are talked about fully.
J. the sixth embodiment of the present invention
With reference now to Fig. 8, the sixth embodiment of the present invention is described.To have similar reference character with the parts among same or analogous the 6th embodiment of the parts in the previous embodiment, this reference character has " f " suffix to distinguish the 6th embodiment's parts.
In the 6th embodiment, exist extra steam Rankine cycle heat recovery system to reclaim heat from the exhaust of motor auxiliary drive.In order to describe the 6th embodiment, with reference to figure 8.
The thermo-motor exhaust of leaving the auxiliary drive exhaust flows to heat recovery steam-driven generator 144f, and the heat in heat recovery steam-driven generator 144f in the exhaust generates steam.Before being released to atmosphere, the exhaust of cooling flows to emission controlling unit 146f then and is used for handling.
Boiler feedback water pump 148f is extracted into heat recovery steam-driven generator 144f to promote steam with water.The mixture flow of steam and water is to dry drum 149f, separates and flows to steamturbine auxiliary drive 25f from mixture to allow steam, and dry drum 149f is the part of heat recovery steam-driven generator 144f.By the rotary turbine impeller and use free wheel device 68f and 69f to drive auxiliary rapid change drive portion 26f and generator 22f, this steamturbine 25f is converted to mechanical work with steam energy.
After the part with its energy gave steamturbine 25f, steam flow to air cooled condenser 152f, in air cooled condenser 152f, and this portion of energy backwater that is condensed.Steam condensate flow through vacuum degassing machine 154f and is used for oxygen and removes before flowing to boiler feedback water pump 148f then, and boiler feedback water pump 148f will present water and be withdrawn into heat recovery steam-driven generator 144f to generate more steam.
Heat recovery system is increased to the motor auxiliary drive makes the overall thermal efficient of motor auxiliary drive improve.The steam driven that can use a few types is to drive generator.The steam-powered example of replacing type is a rotating screw steam flooding motivation.
K. the seventh embodiment of the present invention
With reference now to Fig. 9, the seventh embodiment of the present invention is described.To have similar reference character with the parts among same or analogous the 7th embodiment of the parts in the previous embodiment, this reference character has " g " suffix to distinguish the 7th embodiment's parts.
The 7th embodiment comprises solar heat energy system, and this system uses identical turbine structure that the advantage of wind power and the advantages of solar power are got up.
In this embodiment, whole solar heat energy system is separated from wind eddies wheel power generation system.Solar thermal system uses organic Rankine cycling hot reclaiming system so that solar energy is converted to electric power.Fig. 9 shows the technological process that is used for solar thermal system.System unit can be arranged in the substructure of the 9th embodiment's support tower or engine compartment.
As shown in Figure 9, have the solar energy input to solar collector 190g, solar collector 190g is provided to the high temperature heat transfer fluid with heat, uses recycle pump 189g that this fluid is evacuated to by adsorber 190g.Heat transfer fluid passes through heat exchanger 192g then, at heat exchanger 192g, and this fluid evaporator organic Rankine periodic duty fluid.The heat transfer fluid of cooling flows back to the recycle pump 189g that it is drawn back solar collector 190g then.The organic fluid outflow heat exchanger 192g of evaporation also enters turboexpander 193g.Turboexpander 193g is coupled to the generator 194g that produces electric power.The working fluid of evaporation, normally propane or butane flow through turboexpander to the condenser 195g that its condensation is returned liquid.Liquid flows to pump 196g then, and pump 196g draws back exchanger 192g with working fluid and is used for changing back steam.Provide expansion tank to allow the expansion of heat transfer fluid in solar thermal system.
Except the cost savings that wind and solar energy system in combination are brought in a structure, solar energy and wind eddies wheel have attendant advantages: extra power output was provided on the daytime that needs most power output.
L. the eighth embodiment of the present invention
With reference now to Figure 10, the eighth embodiment of the present invention is described.To have similar reference character with the parts among same or analogous the 8th embodiment of the parts in the previous embodiment, this reference character has " h " suffix to distinguish the 8th embodiment's parts.
The 8th embodiment comprises solar heat energy system and the engine system with heat recovery, uses identical wind eddies wheel supporting structure that the advantage of wind power, the advantage of solar power and the advantages of engine power are got up.
Figure 10 shows solar thermal system that is used to make up and the technological process with engine system of heat recovery.In motor heating recovery system, the thermo-motor exhaust of leaving motor 24h flows to the heat recovery steam-driven generator 144h of the heat generation steam in the wherein exhaust.Before being released to atmosphere, the exhaust of cooling flows to emission controlling unit 146h then and is used for handling.Boiler feedback water pump 148h is extracted into heat recovery steam-driven generator 144h to promote steam with water.The mixture flow of steam and water is to dry drum 149h, separates and flows to steamturbine auxiliary drive 25h from mixture to allow steam, and dry drum 149h is the part of heat recovery steam-driven generator 144h.By the rotary turbine impeller and use free wheel device to come actuation gear 26h and generator 22h, this steamturbine 25h is converted to mechanical work with steam energy.After the part with its energy gave steamturbine 25h, steam flow to air cooled condenser 152h, in air cooled condenser 152h, and this portion of energy backwater that is condensed.Steam condensate flow through vacuum degassing machine 154h and is used for oxygen and removes before flowing to boiler feedback water pump 148h then, and boiler feedback water pump 148h will present water and draw back heat recovery steam-driven generator 144h to generate more steam.
In solar thermal system, be converted into steam to the input of the solar energy of solar collector 132h, this steam driven is coupled to the steamturbine 25h of wind eddies wheel main generator 22h.Steam leaves steamturbine 25h then and flows into the be condensed air cooled condenser 152h of backwater of steam wherein.Water flows through vacuum degassing machine 154h then to remove oxygen and to flow to feedback water-circulating pump 148h then, and the water that is removed oxygen in feedback water-circulating pump 148h is drawn back solar collector to generate more steam.
M. the ninth embodiment of the present invention
With reference now to Figure 11, the ninth embodiment of the present invention is described.To have similar reference character with the parts among same or analogous the 9th embodiment of the parts in the previous embodiment, this reference character has " i " suffix to distinguish the 9th embodiment's parts.Correspondingly, there are propeller blade 28i and wheel hub 30i.Also have rapid change power part 20i, generator 22i and the auxiliary rapid change 26i of portion, the 24i of auxiliary drive portion and the second auxiliary drive power 25i, the second auxiliary drive power 25i is the form of steam-powered turbine in this embodiment.
The difference of the 9th embodiment and previous embodiment is that substructure 14i that supporting structure (being engine compartment 13i) has engine compartment is to be provided for the other working zone of various purposes, for example with the heat recovery equipment that holds and for example auxiliary steam turbine drives is associated.
Existing technology uses the space in wind eddies wheel support tower and the engine compartment to take turns required all devices to hold the operation wind eddies.Sometimes all equipment being installed to the cost effective and efficient manner in the space of permission is a challenge, does not all almost have the place concerning any supplementary equipment therefore.Because engine compartment rotation so that the wind eddies impeller blade towards wind, any be arranged in support tower must and the equipment of the engine compartment equipment of cooperating must solve the problem of rotation.Other that this means that design must comprise flexible coupling, cable, flexible pipe or allow necessary rotation is connected to each other.By the substructure of installation engine compartment below engine compartment and on the downwind side of support tower, can provide big quantity space with the equipment of installing and engine compartment rotates together.Thereby, eliminated the problem that interface equipment does not rotate together with the equipment of rotation.
Another advantage of the substructure of engine compartment is can be made by the workshop and be risen to be fixed to the downside of engine compartment by hoist.Because the substructure of engine compartment is designed to have the width of not being wider than support tower, there is not illeffects for efficient air-flow through tower, output has negative effect for the wind eddies wheel for this.On the contrary, the shape of the substructure cover of engine compartment can be as the tail behind the tower with auxiliary driftage control.
The 9th embodiment is favourable for any option of describing in the previous embodiment (comprise and do not have the standard of these options wind eddies wheel).The wind eddies wheel that this substructure can be used in standard with the miscellaneous equipment that holds electric gear or be arranged in tower to realize cost savings in manufacture process.Because high support tower, thereby the height substructure that can design substructure extends to below the tower to hold all devices that will be accommodated in the tower according to required.
Although auxiliary engine drives 24i and steamturbine driving 25i is illustrated as being coupled with equipment gear 26i, similarly be suitable for cooperating with the substructure of engine compartment in various other configurations shown in other option.For example, in Figure 11, show the heat recovery steam-driven generator or the organic Rankine cycling hot recovery plant of indicating by 260i usually on the top of substructure.Be air cooled condenser then below top by the 262i indication.Be supporting structure 272i below the substructure 14i of engine compartment, supporting structure 272i provides support substructure and also can providing support to small part for engine compartment 13i itself.This supporting structure 272i comprises a pair of circular ring 274i that is connected to tower 11i, and has roller bearing 268i, and roller bearing 268i is rotatably installed is used for the circular movement on ring 274i around tower 11i.The supporting structure of substructure is for example indicated by 278i then, is supported by these bearer rings.
The substructure of engine compartment has the width identical with tower.Thereby, substructure can be below tower further extension to contain extra equipment.There is variety of option, comprises:
1. the only engine configurations in the engine compartment;
2./HRSG/ steamturbine/air cooled condenser;
3. motor/orc heat recovery/air cooled condenser;
4. solar steam generator/steamturbine/air cooled condenser;
5. motor/HRSG/ solar steam generator/steamturbine/air cooled condenser;
6. solar heat adsorber (heat transfer fluid)/orc heat recovery/air-cooled compressor;
7. motor/solar heat adsorber (heat transfer fluid)/orc heat recovery/air-cooler.
Thereby the substructure 141i of engine compartment is fixed to the downside and the engine compartment rotation of engine compartment.Various device 260i can be arranged in the substructure on the various ranks.Example is heat recovery equipment 260i, air cooled condenser 262i and cooling fan 264i.As implied above, the support structure 274i that is used for the substructure of engine compartment uses metal supporting rings 270i to support by tower, makes engine compartment have roller (roll) around support ring 270i to rotate to when engine compartment when the wind.Solar heat adsorber 280i self is positioned on the support tower.
Obviously, the vertical dimensions of the substructure of engine compartment can change considerably.In the expression of the sub-engine compartment of Fig. 1, its depth dimension (" b " among Figure 11 is indicated) is the about 40% of horizontal length dimension (" a " among Figure 11 is indicated), extends to the working end, back from the forward direction working end of engine compartment.Obviously, according to various factors, this vertical dimensions " b " can be increased or be reduced considerably.For example, it is about 30%, 20%, 15% or 10% that this 40% dimension can be reduced to, even be low to moderate 5%.Simultaneously, this 40% dimension can be added to for example 50%, 75%, 100%, 150%, 200%, 250%, 300%, 400%, 500% value or even possible higher value.
The substructure of engine compartment is good straightforward procedure, be used to provide the equipment that rotates together with engine compartment big quantity space and thereby eliminated and rotation and the interface problem of irrotational equipment.Extra weight also can be the counteracting weight of wind eddies impeller blade, and allows this blade to be positioned at position away from tower, thereby reduces the blade deflection when vanes is crossed tower.
In order to sum up at least some features of the present invention, embodiments of the invention provide following advantage:
1. assistant drive system can allow the wind eddies wheel to generate firm power rather than non-constant power.
2. the mixing wind eddies wheel that the solar heat reclaiming system is comprised the wind eddies wheel allows to use identical generator, switching device, support tower, real estate and conveyer line by the wind eddies wheel with the solar heat power generator.
3. the engine compartment substructure provides additional space to be used for installing the equipment that must move together with the equipment of engine compartment, for example heat recovery system generator, air-cooler, organic Rankine cycling hot reclaiming system and electric gear.
4. the substructure cover of engine compartment can be as the tail fin on the wind eddies wheel with auxiliary driftage control.
5. the substructure module of engine compartment can be made in the workshop with ideal operation condition, thereby has improved workman's productivity and reduced manufacture cost.
6. the equipment that is arranged in the substructure of engine compartment can be installed in upright position and handle the position of being kept upright in whole manufacturing.Some point that equipment in the support tower must be made, transport in the workshop or make in the processing procedure is turned to the side.
7. when comparing with the hot speed among the BTU/KWH of independent thermal energy converting system, because non-thermal energy input from wind and solar energy system, energy conversion efficiency among the BTU/KWH of mixing wind eddies wheel is very effective, and this mixes wind eddies wheel and uses wind and/or solar energy and/or thermal energy to import in a group shot.
8. can use commercial available equipment and commercial available engineering and manufacturing practice to obtain and make all parts that mix the wind eddies wheel.
9. the substructure of engine compartment is provided at the replacement escape route that is used for operator under the situation of breaking out of fire in the engine compartment.
Although the description by several embodiments has illustrated the present invention and has described illustrative embodiment in detail that claimant's intention is not the scope that retrains or limit by any way appended claim with this details.Additional advantage and modification in the scope of claims manifest those of ordinary skills.Therefore, in its apparatus and method that the invention is not restricted to specific detail, representative aspect wider and the illustrated examples that illustrates and describe.Correspondingly, can be under the prerequisite of the spirit and scope of the general conception that does not depart from the claimant away from such details.
Claims (20)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US12/022,958 | 2008-01-30 | ||
| US12/022,958 US7615884B2 (en) | 2007-01-30 | 2008-01-30 | Hybrid wind turbine system, apparatus and method |
| PCT/US2008/052632 WO2008095088A1 (en) | 2007-01-30 | 2008-01-31 | Hybrid wind turbine system, apparatus and method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101595303A true CN101595303A (en) | 2009-12-02 |
| CN101595303B CN101595303B (en) | 2014-01-29 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN200880003362.9A Expired - Fee Related CN101595303B (en) | 2008-01-30 | 2008-01-31 | Hybrid wind turbine system, apparatus and method |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103003550A (en) * | 2010-05-03 | 2013-03-27 | 亮源工业（以色列）有限公司 | A system, method and apparatus for operating a solar thermal power generation system |
| CN103168169A (en) * | 2010-10-18 | 2013-06-19 | 维斯塔斯风力系统有限公司 | Wind turbine power transmission system and method of installing a wind farm including the same |
| CN103228910A (en) * | 2010-11-29 | 2013-07-31 | 株式会社濬晟E&R | Small-Scale Hybrid Power Generation System |
| US10041469B2 (en) | 2013-01-21 | 2018-08-07 | Mhi Vestas Offshore Wind A/S | Method for maintaining floating-body type wind turbine power generating apparatus |
| CN109630359A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2019-04-16 | 天津职业技术师范大学 | High-power wind power generation system |
| CN110296005A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-10-01 | 潍柴重机股份有限公司 | A kind of natural gas engine dual output schema control system and control method |
| TWI709688B (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2020-11-11 | 李受勳 | Wind and self-powered generator |
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| US3830062A (en) * | 1973-10-09 | 1974-08-20 | Thermo Electron Corp | Rankine cycle bottoming plant |
| US4229941A (en) * | 1978-01-25 | 1980-10-28 | Solwin Industries, Inc. | Method of and system for generating energy from solar and wind energy sources |
| US4186312A (en) * | 1978-02-23 | 1980-01-29 | Dvorak Sidney T | AC Electrical power systems with alternate sources of power |
| US4476853A (en) * | 1982-09-28 | 1984-10-16 | Arbogast Clayton C | Solar energy recovery system |
| CN1047722A (en) * | 1990-06-24 | 1990-12-12 | 杜经纬 | Solar and wind-driven combination generator |
| JP2000283018A (en) * | 1999-03-30 | 2000-10-10 | Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd | Horizontal axis wind turbine and method of constructing the horizontal axis wind turbine |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103003550A (en) * | 2010-05-03 | 2013-03-27 | 亮源工业（以色列）有限公司 | A system, method and apparatus for operating a solar thermal power generation system |
| CN103003550B (en) * | 2010-05-03 | 2016-02-17 | 亮源工业（以色列）有限公司 | A kind of system, method and apparatus for operating solar thermal energy power generation system |
| CN103168169A (en) * | 2010-10-18 | 2013-06-19 | 维斯塔斯风力系统有限公司 | Wind turbine power transmission system and method of installing a wind farm including the same |
| CN103168169B (en) * | 2010-10-18 | 2015-11-25 | 维斯塔斯风力系统有限公司 | Wind turbine power transmission system and erection comprise the method for the wind energy turbine set of this system |
| CN103228910A (en) * | 2010-11-29 | 2013-07-31 | 株式会社濬晟E&R | Small-Scale Hybrid Power Generation System |
| CN103228910B (en) * | 2010-11-29 | 2015-11-25 | 株式会社濬晟E&R | Small-Scale Hybrid Power Generation System |
| US10041469B2 (en) | 2013-01-21 | 2018-08-07 | Mhi Vestas Offshore Wind A/S | Method for maintaining floating-body type wind turbine power generating apparatus |
| CN105026251B (en) * | 2013-01-21 | 2018-08-31 | 菱重维斯塔斯海上风力有限公司 | The maintaining method of float type wind power generation plant |
| CN109630359A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2019-04-16 | 天津职业技术师范大学 | High-power wind power generation system |
| TWI709688B (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2020-11-11 | 李受勳 | Wind and self-powered generator |
| CN110296005A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-10-01 | 潍柴重机股份有限公司 | A kind of natural gas engine dual output schema control system and control method |
| CN110296005B (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2022-04-15 | 潍柴重机股份有限公司 | Natural gas engine double-output mode control system and control method |
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