CN101589676B - Summer direct-seeding high-yield peanut protective cultivation method and seeding machine thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The high-yield protective cultivation method for peanut direct seeding in summer and its seeder relate to peanut cultivation technology. The measures include stubble removal after wheat machine harvesting, rotary tillage, soil preparation, and mechanized sowing. a. Ridge sowing without film covering, water along the furrow once within four days after sowing; implement standardized management of high-yield cultivation during the growth period. b. Cover the film with ridges for sowing, water along the film-covered ridges once within four days after sowing, and implement standardized management of high-yield cultivation during the growth period. The seeder adopts a double-disc opener, and the outer edge of the disc circumference of the opener is finely serrated; there is a pressure roller behind the seeding device. The advantage of the present invention is that, due to the use of the double-disk ditch opener with a small serrated outer edge, it has the ability to cut and roll ditch, effectively improves the performance of the open channel, and makes it possible to realize the summer direct seeding of peanuts in wheat stubble fields. All the stalks are returned to the field to realize protective cultivation, and the stalk resources are fully utilized. At the same time, a complete set of high-yield cultivation methods for summer direct seeding of peanuts has been researched and developed, which can effectively increase the yield of summer direct direct seeding peanuts.

Description

High-yield Protective Cultivation Method and Planter for Peanut Direct Seeding in Summer

Technical field:

The invention belongs to the field of agricultural technology, and relates to peanut cultivation technology and its sowing machinery.

Background technique:

For many years, the wheat-peanut double cropping system mainly adopts the interplanting of peanuts in the wheat field. The interplanting of peanuts cannot realize mechanized sowing, and the planting is not standardized, which affects standardized management and low yield. Interplanting peanuts in wheat fields does not change the soil environment, and there are many underground pests and grubs, which also affects the yield of peanuts. The interplanting of peanuts in the wheat field prevents all the wheat straw and stubble from being directly returned to the field, which realizes protective cultivation and causes waste of resources. At present, the promotion of live broadcasting of peanuts after wheat in summer cannot be promoted. The main problem is that the existing peanut planters are not suitable for sowing stubble fields, especially the openers of the planters. The wheat straw is entangled and blocked, and the passability is poor, so that the sowing cannot be carried out smoothly; the passability of the double-disc opener has been slightly improved, but the existing double-disc opener is easy to produce the gap between the straw and the straw during the rolling ditching process. Sliding increases the positive pressure, which also affects ditching and sowing. If summer peanut direct seeding is not popularized, a whole set of summer peanut direct seeding high-yield cultivation techniques will not be researched and developed well, so it seriously perplexes and affects the realization of double production increase of wheat oil (peanut) in my country.

Invention content:

The present invention aims at researching and providing a high-yield protective cultivation method for direct seeding of peanuts in summer and a planter thereof, so as to realize summer direct seeding of wheat stubble and peanuts and obtain high yields and good harvests in the vast wheat producing areas in northern my country where peanuts are easily planted.

The technical measures for implementing the above-mentioned purpose of the invention are: after the wheat is harvested, the grass cutter removes the stubble and cuts the grass, the rotary tiller rotates tillage, and mechanized seeding. The film-covered double-disc opener seeder is used to sow, and the ridging, fertilization, sowing, suppression, spraying, and film covering are completed at one time; within four days after sowing, water along the film-covered furrow 7 once. The growth period is standardized and managed according to the high-yield cultivation management system; the film-covered double-disc ditch opener seeder is used for sowing, and after the film is sown, the ridge film is pressed along the planting row 5 and the ditch is covered with soil 6.

The disc 9 ' of its double disc opener 9 of the double disc opener planter that adopts, its circumference outer edge is fine and small sawtooth 15; It is provided with a ditch-pressing mechanism and a ditch-in-ditch soil-covering mechanism on the planting ridge 1 and the covering film 4 along the planting row 3.

The positive effect produced by the present invention is that, due to the adoption of the double-disk 9' ditch opener whose circumference is in a small sawtooth shape 15, it has the ability of cutting and rolling ditching, which can avoid slipping in the ditching process and reduce the The forward positive pressure resistance can really improve the performance of the open passage, making it possible to realize the summer live broadcast of peanuts in the wheat stubble field. All the stalks are directly returned to the field to realize protective cultivation and increase production. At the same time, a whole set of high-yield cultivation methods for summer direct-seeding peanuts including pressing trenches and covering soil along planting rows has been researched and developed, which can effectively increase the yield of summer direct-seeding peanuts.

Description of drawings:

Accompanying drawing 1 present invention does not cover film planting ridge schematic diagram

Accompanying drawing 2 film-covered planting ridge schematic diagrams of the present invention

Accompanying drawing 3 the front view of the non-film seeder adopted by the present invention

Accompanying drawing 4 is the front view of the double disc opener of the planter of the present invention

Accompanying drawing 5 is the partially enlarged view of the disc of the double disc opener of the planter of the present invention

Accompanying drawing 6 is the A-A sectional view of the double disk ditch opener of the planter of the present invention

Accompanying drawing 7 is the front view of the film-covered planter adopted by the present invention

Accompanying drawing 8 is the top view of the mould-pressing and soil-covering part of the film-covered planter of the present invention

The specific implementation manners of the present invention can be described in detail according to the above-mentioned drawings. The present invention adopts mechanical ridge sowing, which can adopt two modes of film covering and non-film covering, and generally adopts non-film covering. Accompanying drawing 1 is the schematic diagram of planting ridge without film covering, and accompanying drawing 2 is the schematic diagram of planting ridge with film covering. The specific operation is as follows: after harvesting the wheat, first use the grass cutter to cut the stubble and break the grass, and then use the rotary tiller to till, and then use mechanized sowing.

The non-mulched planting is shown in Figure 1. The non-mulched double disc opener seeder is used to sow, and the ridging, fertilization, sowing, suppression, and spraying are completed at one time; within four days after sowing, water along the furrows 2 Water once; during the growth period, implement standardized management according to the high-yield cultivation management system.

Film-covered planting is as shown in accompanying drawing 2, then adopts film-covered double-disc ditch opener sowing machine to sow, will ridge, fertilize, sow, suppress, spray medicine, cover film, and plant along row 3 on the ridge film 4 Press the ditch 5 and cover the ditch with soil 6 at one time; water along the film-covered furrow 7 within four days after sowing once;

The uncoated double-disc opener planter includes a frame, a suspension frame, a walking wheel, a ridge shovel, a fertilizing device, a seeding device, and a spraying device. It is characterized in that the double-disc The disc 9' of the ditch opener 9 has a small saw-toothed 15 on its peripheral edge; a pressing roller 12 is provided after the sowing device, and the surface of the roller has soil ridges to increase the suppression effect of the stubble.

The film-coated double-disc opener planter includes a frame, a suspension frame, a walking wheel, a ridge shovel, a fertilizing device, a seeding device, a spraying device, and a film-covering device. The outer edge of the disc 9' of the double-disc opener 9 is in a small saw-toothed shape 15; after the sowing device, a pressure roller 12 is provided, and the surface of the roller has convex edges; a groove pressing mechanism and a groove along the planting row 3 are also provided. Inner soil mechanism. The ditching mechanism is a pair of ditching wheels 22 located above the two planting rows 3 behind the spreading roller 21; The inner surface has a plurality of spiral material guide plates 25, and the outer opening of the soil-covering drum is close to the soil-covering disc 26. In the figure, 10 is a fertilization pipe, 11 is a seed drop pipe, 13 is a nozzle, 14 is a ditch opener vertical handle, 16 is a mounting thread, 17 is a bearing, 18 is a bearing seat, 19 is a fastening nut, and 20 is a soil cover , 23 is the embossing wheel. A pair of groove-pressing wheels 22 are connected on the longitudinal bar 27 through the connecting rod 28, and a torsion spring (not shown) is added to make it elastically supported, profiling the groove, and the front end of the longitudinal rod 27 is hinged with the frame crossbeam. Two soil-covering cylinders 24 are fixedly connected with a circular ring 30 by connecting rod 31 respectively, and the center axis holes of the two circular rings 30 are installed on the T-shaped shaft 29 at the end of the longitudinal rod 27, and the circular ring 30 and the soil-covering cylinder 24 roll synchronously. The distance between the ring 30 and the soil-covering drum 24 corresponds to the front groove wheel 22. The inner surface of the soil-covering drum has three spiral material guide plates 25, and the outer opening of the two drums is close to the soil-covering disc 26. One side of the soil-covering disc 26 is covered with soil and pressed. , while making part of the soil enter the soil-covering drum 24, it is discharged by the opening of the other end of the drum under the effect of the drum spiral guide plate, and is covered with soil in the pressing ditch.

Claims (3)

1. summer direct-seeding high-yield peanut protective cultivation method, the broken grass of grass chopper stubble-cleaning, rotovator rotary tillage, mechanization sowing behind the harvesting wheat; Ridging, fertilising, sowing, suppression, spray medicine, epiphragma are once accomplished; Broadcast within back four days and water one time along overlay film furrow (7); Press the management of high-yield culturing management system execution standardization vegetative period,

It is characterized in that, adopt epiphragma double disk opener planting with sowing machine, behind the sowing epiphragma, the plantation row is pressed earthing (6) in ditch (5), the ditch in facial mask upper edge, ridge.

2. the epiphragma double disk opener sower that is adopted according to the said summer direct-seeding high-yield peanut protective cultivation method of claim 1 comprises frame, hanger bracket, road wheel, ridging shovel, fertilizer apparatus, seeding apparatus, chemical spraying device, epiphragma device,

It is characterized in that its circumferential outer edge of disk (9 ') of fertilising, sowing institute's employing double disk opener (9) is tiny zigzag (15); Be provided with pack roller (12) after the seeding apparatus, the roller surface has fin; Casing mechanism in pressure ditch mechanism of be provided with on plantation ridge (1) overlay film (4), row (3) is planted on the edge and the ditch.

3. the epiphragma double disk opener sower that is adopted according to the said summer direct-seeding high-yield peanut protective cultivation method of claim 2,

It is characterized in that said pressure ditch mechanism is in a pair of groove pressing wheel (22) on two plantation row (3) afterwards for being located at film-spreading roller (21); Casing mechanism comprises and is in groove pressing wheel (22) a pair of soil-covered drum (24) afterwards in the said ditch, and the surface has polylith spiral stock guide (25) within the cylinder, and side opening is near disk coverer (26) outside the soil-covered drum.

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