CN101586186A - Method for leaching chalcopyrite and corresponding leaching agent - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for leaching chalcopyrite and corresponding leaching agent, belonging to the metallurgy technical field. The invention mainly adopts dihydroimidazol phosphate ion liquid ([BMIM]H2PO[4]) as leaching agent, matching with certain partial pressure of oxygen to leach the chalcopyrite, the leaching temperature is between 50 DEG C and 90 DEG C; the leaching pressure is normal pressure; the chalcopyrite granularity is between 100 and 200 meshes; the leaching time is 6-12 hours, the leaching rate of the copper is more than 95 %. The effect of the invention is that the reactor of the invention need not high temperature and high pressure devices, without adding catalyst or oxidizer, the impurity content in the leaching solution is less. the wastage of the leaching agent during leaching is less, the separation of the copper and the impurity is easy, the leaching agent can be used circularly, the production costs and the pollution can be reduced.

Description

A kind of leaching method of chalcopyrite and corresponding leaching agent

technical field

The invention relates to a chalcopyrite leaching method and a corresponding leaching agent, belonging to the technical field of metallurgy.

Background technique

90% of copper smelting raw materials come from sulfide ore, about 10% from oxide ore, and a small amount from natural copper. As we all know, copper oxide and natural copper are easy to leach, while sulfide ore is relatively difficult, and chalcopyrite, as the most abundant primary copper sulfide ore, accounts for about 70% of the world's known copper ore reserves, and is the most difficult sulfide ore. A kind of leaching, the innovation of chalcopyrite leaching technology has always been the focus of attention in the field of metallurgy.

For many years, the leaching of chalcopyrite has been the core of copper sulfide ore hydrometallurgy. Hydrometallurgists have been devoting themselves to their hydrometallurgical research and developing various processes to treat chalcopyrite, including roasting/leaching, pressurization Acid leaching, chloride leaching, ammonia leaching and biological leaching, etc. With the increasing awareness of environmental protection in various countries, people are paying more and more attention to the green and sustainable development of the metallurgical industry. Metallurgical workers from all over the world hope to develop new green wet products with low energy consumption, low acid consumption, low oxygen consumption, and no pollutant emissions. metallurgical process. At the same time, with the continuous development of chemical mining-in-situ leaching, heap leaching, bacterial leaching, solvent extraction/electrowinning and other technologies, the cost of hydrometallurgy is gradually decreasing, and hydrometallurgy is becoming the world's copper smelting industry. of a trend. However, a process that can universally treat chalcopyrite, the most important primary ore of copper, has not been developed so far, which is a challenge for the copper hydrometallurgy industry.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a chalcopyrite leaching agent and a leaching method thereof, which has simple operation process, good selectivity and high leaching rate.

The leaching agent adopted to solve the technical problem of the present invention is: imidazolium dihydrogen phosphate ionic liquid synthesized with toluene, n-chlorobutane, N-methylimidazole, phosphoric acid and distilled water.

The leaching agent is obtained by two-step synthesis, that is, ① mix n-chlorobutane and N-methylimidazole, use toluene as a solvent, and react to obtain an intermediate product; ② mix the intermediate product with phosphoric acid, use distilled water as a solvent, and react to obtain diphosphate Hydrogen imidazolium ionic liquid ([BMIM]H ₂ PO ₄ ).

①In the preparation of intermediate products, the weight fraction of n-chlorobutane is 70 parts, N-methylimidazole is 25 parts, and 5 parts of toluene are added, mechanically stirred under the protection of argon at 80-90 °C, and refluxed for 24 Purify by vacuum distillation after ~72h, then vacuum dry at 70~80°C for 8~12h; ②The weight fraction of the intermediate product is 55 parts, phosphoric acid is 30 parts, distilled water is 15 parts, mechanically stirred at 100~110°C, Reflux for 4 to 6 hours, then purify by distillation under reduced pressure, and dry in vacuum at 110 to 120°C for 8 to 12 hours.

The leaching method of described chalcopyrite of the present invention is:

There is no need to add catalysts or oxidants during the leaching process. During the leaching process, an oxygen partial pressure of 17KPa ~ 81KPa is used, and the leaching is fully stirred. The process conditions are as follows: ①The temperature during leaching is controlled at 70~90°C; ②Oxygen partial pressure > 20%; ③ The weight ratio of chalcopyrite, water and leaching agent is 1:5:5; ④ pH of leaching reaction is 0-1.5.

During the leaching process, this leaching agent can also be mixed with 0.5-1mol/L sulfuric acid.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The reactor of the method does not need high temperature and pressurized equipment, the leaching operation process is simple, and the process cost is low;

In addition, the leaching agent is easy to manufacture, low in cost, and can be recycled, thereby reducing production cost.

Detailed ways

The application of this leaching agent will be described in detail below in conjunction with examples.

Embodiment 1. take by weighing 100 grams of chalcopyrite powder containing 24.8% copper, fineness 100～200 orders, add leaching agent and water to regulate pH=0, liquid-solid ratio is 1: 5: 5 (being chalcopyrite, Water, leaching agent weight ratio), reaction temperature 90 ℃, normal pressure drum oxygen, stirring leaching reaction 12 hours, the leaching rate of copper is 95%.

Embodiment 2. take by weighing 100 grams of chalcopyrite powder containing 24.8% copper, fineness 100～200 orders, add leaching agent and sulfuric acid to regulate pH=0.5, liquid-solid ratio is 1: 5: 5 (being chalcopyrite, Water, leaching agent weight ratio), reaction temperature 70 ℃, normal pressure blowing air, stirring leaching reaction for 6 hours, the leaching rate of copper is 90%.

Embodiment 3. take by weighing 100 grams of chalcopyrite powder containing 24.8% copper, fineness 100～200 orders, add leaching agent and water to regulate pH=1, liquid-solid ratio is 1: 5: 5 (being chalcopyrite, Water, leaching agent weight ratio), reaction temperature 90 ℃, blowing air at normal pressure, stirring leaching reaction for 12 hours, the leaching rate of copper was 91%.

Claims (5)

1, a kind of leaching agent of chalcopyrite is characterized in that: leaching agent is the synthetic biphosphate imidazole ion liquid that obtains of toluene, n-propylcarbinyl chloride, N-Methylimidazole, phosphoric acid and distilled water.

2, leach agent by the described chalcopyrite of claim 1, it is characterized in that: leaching agent is by synthetic obtaining of two steps, promptly 1. n-propylcarbinyl chloride and N-Methylimidazole are mixed, and be solvent with toluene, reaction obtains intermediate product; 2. intermediate product mixes with phosphoric acid, and distilled water is solvent, and reaction obtains the biphosphate imidazole ion liquid.

3, leach agent by the described chalcopyrite of claim 2, it is characterized in that: 1. in the intermediate product preparation, the weight fraction of n-propylcarbinyl chloride is 70 parts, the N-Methylimidazole is 25 parts, the toluene that adds 5 parts, mechanical stirring under 80～90 ℃ of argon shields, after underpressure distillation is purified, 70～80 ℃ of following vacuum-drying 8～12h get final product through back flow reaction 24～72h; 2. the weight fraction of intermediate product is 55 parts, and phosphoric acid is 30 parts, 15 parts of distilled water, and 100～110 ℃ of following mechanical stirring, underpressure distillation is purified behind back flow reaction 4～6h, and 110～120 ℃ of following vacuum-drying 8～12h can make.

4, the described leaching agent of a kind of claim 1 is to the leaching method of chalcopyrite, it is characterized in that: in leaching process, be equipped with certain partial pressure, and fully stir, be equipped with the oxygen partial pressure of 17KPa～81KPa, and under agitation leach, temperature is controlled at 70～90 ℃ when 1. leaching; 2. oxygen partial pressure＞20%; 3. the weight ratio of chalcopyrite, water, leaching agent is 1: 5: 5; 4. leaching reaction pH is 0～1.5.

5, by the leaching method of the described chalcopyrite of claim 4, it is characterized in that: the sulfuric acid that is equipped with 0.5～1mol/L in leaching agent mixes use.