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CN101570347B - Method for recovering lithium-ion battery cathode materials - Google Patents

Method for recovering lithium-ion battery cathode materials Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101570347B
CN101570347B CN200810067024A CN200810067024A CN101570347B CN 101570347 B CN101570347 B CN 101570347B CN 200810067024 A CN200810067024 A CN 200810067024A CN 200810067024 A CN200810067024 A CN 200810067024A CN 101570347 B CN101570347 B CN 101570347B
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ion battery
cathode materials
battery cathode
recovering lithium
positive plate
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CN101570347A (en
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陈向魁
池明德
黄东
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Dalian CBAK Power Battery Co Ltd
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Shenzhen Bak Battery Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/84Recycling of batteries or fuel cells

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Abstract

The invention provides a method for recovering lithium-ion battery cathode materials, comprising the following steps: (1) soaking a cathode plate in mixed solvent containing N-methyl-pyrrolidone and acetone or in N-methyl-pyrrolidone; (2) screening; and (3) regulating the solid content or viscosity of screened slurry to an appropriate scope. The invention is simple and practical, and can be carried out with prior equipment of a battery manufacturer. The method does not introduces impurities, has low consumption and environmental protection, ensures the stability of surface properties of cathode active substances and shows superiorities on the respects such as cycle performance of a battery, and the like. In addition, the organic solvent used in the method can be selected from solvent used in slurry preparation in production, thereby the method saves materials and is benefit for environmental protection. The whole recovery process can be carried out without heating so as to guarantee the stability of active substances in the cathode materials.

Description

A kind of recovering lithium-ion battery cathode materials
[technical field]
The present invention relates to the battery manufacturing technology, especially a kind of advantages of simplicity and high efficiency method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery.
[background technology]
Anode material for lithium-ion batteries, particularly LiCoO 2, along with in recent years development and use increase and price goes up day by day.In the lithium ion battery production process, can produce useless pole piece and leftover pieces inevitably, also residual on useless pole piece and the leftover pieces have a large amount of positive electrode active materials.At present, useless pole piece and leftover pieces processing method that battery production producer adopts usually are to be sold to material recovery unit with lower price, and material recovery unit adopts means recovery cobalts such as alkali soaks, acid is dissolved, calcining, cobalt oxide, cobalt acid lithium etc. again.Adopt alkali to soak, means such as acid is dissolved, calcining reclaim cobalts, cobalt oxide, cobalt acid lithiums etc. not only are prone to cause environmental pollution, and complex process, energy consumption strengthen.
[summary of the invention]
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of advantages of simplicity and high efficiency method for recycling anode material of lithium ion battery.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention provides a kind of recovering lithium-ion battery cathode materials, may further comprise the steps:
1) in the mixed solvent that comprises N-methyl pyrrolidone and acetone or in the N-methyl pyrrolidone, soaks positive plate;
2) sieve;
3) solid content or the viscosity that will cross strained pulp are adjusted to suitable scope.
On anode pole piece, positive active material is aluminium foil or the aluminium net collection liquid surface that is attached on positive plate through bonding agent.Adopt the inventive method, bonding agent is comprised in the mixed solvent of N-methyl pyrrolidone and acetone or the dissolving of N-methyl pyrrolidone in step 1), and positive active material can be from aluminium foil or the disengaging of aluminium net collection liquid surface; In step 2) in can remove aluminium foil or aluminium net through sieving, and impurity such as residual lug, high-temp glue on the minority pole piece; In step 3), can make solid content of slurry or viscosity satisfy the technological requirement of slurry coating in the production process; When adjustment solid content of slurry or viscosity; Can measure solid content or the viscosity of strained pulp earlier, require comparison with related process again, then solid content of slurry or viscosity adjusted.In the slurry that the inventive method processing obtains, contain positive electrode, conductive agent, part macromolecule glue and solvent, do not introduce other impurity.Positive plate in the step 1) comprises useless sheet, relic or the leftover pieces of positive plate.
As improvement of the present invention, can also carry out following steps a after the step 3): step 3) gained slurry is coated on aluminium foil or the aluminium net collector processes positive plate.The positive plate that obtains like this can be directly in order to the electric core of manufacture batteries.
The method that the solid content that will cross strained pulp in the step 3) is adjusted to suitable scope comprises: in crossing strained pulp, add an amount of positive active material or the macromolecule glue coupler is adjusted to suitable scope with the solid content that will cross strained pulp, perhaps removed partial solvent in the strained pulp solid content of slurry is adjusted to suitable scope; The method that the viscosity that will cross strained pulp in the step 3) is adjusted to suitable scope comprises and in crossing strained pulp, adds an amount of macromolecule glue coupler.Macromolecule glue coupler commonly used is PVDF.
Further improve as the present invention, step 1) is: stir when soaking positive plate in the mixed solvent that comprises N-methyl pyrrolidone and acetone or in the N-methyl pyrrolidone.Under stirring action, friction between the fragment, collision can produce stronger shear action, more help peeling off of active material.The mechanical energy that stirs partly is converted into heat energy; Simultaneously the course of dissolution of macromolecule glue also can release heat; The heat of this two aspect combines to make this solid-liquid mixing system temperature to rise, thereby more helps the dissolving of macromolecule glue, and then helps peeling off of active substances in cathode materials.
For the immersion efficient that makes step 1) is higher, can before step 1), carry out following steps b: positive plate is broken.Can positive plate be crushed to monolithic area 20cm 2Or 20cm 2Below.
In order to promote peeling off of active substances in cathode materials, the immersion process in the step 1) can carry out at 20 ℃-80 ℃.For keeping temperature conditions, can give in the mixed solvent that comprises N-methyl pyrrolidone and acetone or the heating of N-methyl pyrrolidone; If the heat of course of dissolution two aspects of stirring and macromolecule glue is enough to make the temperature conditions of system to be guaranteed, then need not heat in addition, save energy resource consumption.
In step 2) the process of sieving in can adopt 100 orders-200 mesh sieve.
The soak time of step 1) can be 0.5h-6h.
Adopt the inventive method to reclaim the positive electrode that obtains and also can be mixed together use with the virgin material of positive electrode.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: this method simple possible, can under battery manufacturing firm existing equipment condition, operate.Need not take that alkali soaks, steps such as acid is dissolved, calcining, effectively cut down the consumption of energy.Do not introduce other impurity outside the anode sizing agent component in the inventive method; Adopt the method for organic solvent dissolution macromolecule glue that active material and collector are broken away from; Avoid the use of high-temperature calcination; Kept the stable of positive active material surface nature, shown its superiority at the aspects such as cycle performance of battery.The organic solvent of this method use can be selected the used organic solvent of preparation slurry in the production process for use in addition, not only practices thrift to help environmental protection.Whole recovery process can guarantee stability of active substances in cathode materials not carrying out under the heating condition.The battery performance that the active substances in cathode materials that adopts the inventive method to reclaim is processed is good.
[description of drawings]
Through embodiment and combine accompanying drawing, the present invention is done further detailed description below:
Fig. 1 is the slurry particle size distribution spectrum that embodiment 1 adopts the positive electrode preparation of the inventive method recovery;
Fig. 2 is the cycle performance curve that embodiment 2 adopts the positive electrode manufacture batteries of the inventive method recovery.
[embodiment]
Embodiment 1
Getting with the aluminium foil is the positive plate leftover pieces 3kg of matrix, carry out Mechanical Crushing after, 20 ℃ are soaked down in the N-of 3L methyl pyrrolidone, carry out mechanical agitation simultaneously, make positive active material LiCoO 2, binding agent and conductive agent separate from the aluminium foil matrix, stirring can adopt batching to carry out with eggbeater or mixer.Soak, stir after 0.5 hour, solid-liquid mixing system is crossed 100 mesh sieves,, obtain suspension 5.76kg to remove impurity such as lug residual on the minority pole piece, high-temp glue.The LiCoO that in suspension, adds same kind again 2Powder 1.21Kg, regulating solid content is about 70%, adds PVDF, regulates about viscosity 5000mpas.To the slurry sampling that is made into, through ultrasonic dispersion and stirring, carry out grain size analysis then, can find that the granularity in the slurry is uniformly dispersed, be suitable for being coated with operation.The particle size distribution that grain size analysis obtains is as shown in Figure 1, d (0,1)=4.449 μ m, d (0,5)=10.636 μ m, d (0,1)=29.166 μ m.
Embodiment 2
Getting with the aluminium foil is the positive plate leftover pieces 12kg of matrix, carry out Mechanical Crushing after, get 6kg and in the mixed solvent of the N-of 12L methyl pyrrolidone and acetone, soak under 80 ℃ and carry out mechanical agitation, stirring can adopt batching to carry out with eggbeater or mixer; After stirring half an hour, pull aluminium-foil scrap out with screen cloth; This N-methyl pyrrolidone solution of fragment input that will remain 6kg then stirred 1 hour again, pulled aluminium-foil scrap out with screen cloth; Total soak time is 6 hours.Solid-liquid mixing system is crossed 200 mesh sieves,, obtain suspension 22.8kg to remove impurity such as lug residual on the minority pole piece, high-temp glue.Utilize accurate microporous pipe that suspension is carried out negative pressure leaching, remove the about 5L of N-methyl pyrrolidone solution.Add the 70g conductive agent, add PVDF, regulate viscosity to 5000mPas.High-speed stirred is even, obtains the anode sizing agent of reclaiming.The anode sizing agent of the reclaiming of reclaiming is coated with, obtains anode pole piece; With graphite is negative material, is coated on and processes negative plate on the Copper Foil; Being assembled into model is the secondary lithium-ion sample battery of 303443P-380mAh.100 sample batteries are tested, and test shows that the mean value of positive electrode mass energy density can reach 140mAh/g; The positive active material cycle performance is good, and the 1C charge and discharge cycles conservation rate (mean value) under the normal temperature state is seen Fig. 2.
Embodiment 3
The difference of present embodiment and embodiment 2 is: soaking temperature is 50 ℃; Total soak time is 2 hours; Be 150 orders with the solid-liquid mixing system used screen cloth that sieves after soaking, stirring.
The anode sizing agent that present embodiment obtains is made anode pole piece with reference to embodiment 2, and cathode pole piece, being assembled into model is the secondary lithium-ion sample battery of 303443P-380mAh.100 sample batteries are tested, and the positive active material cycle performance is good, and the 1C charge and discharge cycles conservation rate (mean value) under the normal temperature state is seen table 1.
Table one 1C charge and discharge cycles conservation rate
Cycle-index 50 100 200 300
Capability retention % 95.88 94.42 91.68 89.43
When the inventive method is soaked positive plate the positive plate leftover pieces successively being dropped into the reason of soaking in the solvent at twice is: the shared volume of aluminium foil is bigger, if leftover pieces are once all dropped into, then needs very big solvent load; Drop into half leftover pieces earlier, stir, pull out aluminium-foil scrap, drop into second half leftover pieces again, can practice thrift solvent load.
Adopt the anode sizing agent of the inventive method reclaiming, can directly adopt the technology in the normal productive process to be coated with.
Above content is to combine concrete preferred implementation to the further explain that the present invention did, and can not assert that practical implementation of the present invention is confined to these explanations.For the those of ordinary skill of technical field under the present invention, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the present invention's design, can also make some simple deduction or replace, all should be regarded as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. recovering lithium-ion battery cathode materials is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:
1) in the mixed solvent that comprises N-methyl pyrrolidone and acetone, soaks positive plate;
2) sieve;
3) solid content or the viscosity that will cross strained pulp are adjusted to suitable scope;
Carry out following steps a after the step 3): step 3) gained slurry is coated on aluminium foil or the aluminium net collector processes positive plate;
The method that the solid content that will cross strained pulp in the step 3) is adjusted to suitable scope is: in crossing strained pulp, add an amount of positive active material or the macromolecule glue coupler is adjusted to suitable scope with the solid content that will cross strained pulp, perhaps removed partial solvent in the strained pulp solid content of slurry is adjusted to suitable scope; The viscosity that to cross strained pulp in the step 3) is adjusted to the method for suitable scope in crossing strained pulp, adding an amount of macromolecule glue coupler;
Step 2) the process of sieving adopts 100 orders-200 mesh sieve.
2. a kind of recovering lithium-ion battery cathode materials according to claim 1 is characterized in that: step 1) is: stir when in the mixed solvent that comprises N-methyl pyrrolidone and acetone, soaking positive plate.
3. a kind of recovering lithium-ion battery cathode materials according to claim 2 is characterized in that: carry out following steps b before the step 1): positive plate is broken.
4. a kind of recovering lithium-ion battery cathode materials according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the immersion process in the step 1) carries out at 20 ℃-80 ℃.
5. a kind of recovering lithium-ion battery cathode materials according to claim 4 is characterized in that: step b is: positive plate is crushed to monolithic area 20cm 2Below.
6. a kind of recovering lithium-ion battery cathode materials according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the soak time of step 1) is 0.5h-6h.
CN200810067024A 2008-04-30 2008-04-30 Method for recovering lithium-ion battery cathode materials Active CN101570347B (en)

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Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10205200B2 (en) * 2016-07-07 2019-02-12 Grst International Limited Method for recycling lithium-ion battery
CN106099236B (en) * 2016-08-23 2019-09-24 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 A kind of recovery method of anode material for lithium-ion batteries
CN108400401A (en) * 2018-02-27 2018-08-14 四川省有色冶金研究院有限公司 A method of using the active material of waste and old lithium dynamical battery separation as Material synthesis nickle cobalt lithium manganate
CN110120560A (en) * 2019-04-16 2019-08-13 福建常青新能源科技有限公司 A kind of waste and old ternary lithium battery recycling sorting process
CN110364683A (en) * 2019-05-31 2019-10-22 天津力神电池股份有限公司 A kind of stripping means of electrodes of lithium-ion batteries
CN112599878B (en) * 2020-12-14 2022-04-19 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 A kind of treatment method and application of electrode waste
CN114204151A (en) * 2021-12-06 2022-03-18 中国矿业大学 A method for repairing and modifying cathode active materials of waste lithium ion batteries
CN115478174B (en) * 2022-09-16 2023-08-11 广东邦普循环科技有限公司 Method for desorbing and recycling positive electrode material from scrapped positive electrode plate and application of method

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1485940A (en) * 2003-08-26 2004-03-31 北大先行科技产业有限公司 Lithium ion cell, electrode of lithium ion cell and its preparation method
CN101071893A (en) * 2007-06-14 2007-11-14 天津理工大学 Waste lithium ion cell anode waste cobalt-lithium membrane separating method and device

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1485940A (en) * 2003-08-26 2004-03-31 北大先行科技产业有限公司 Lithium ion cell, electrode of lithium ion cell and its preparation method
CN101071893A (en) * 2007-06-14 2007-11-14 天津理工大学 Waste lithium ion cell anode waste cobalt-lithium membrane separating method and device

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