CN101561403A - Three-dimensional orthogonality microscope image pick-up observation device and quantitative image method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a three-dimensional orthogonal microscope imaging observation device and an image quantification method. The device arranges three sets of microscopes (1, 2, 3) equipped with CCD cameras (4, 5, 6) orthogonally in three dimensions to shoot three-dimensional images of the observation body. The method: a. prepare a sample (17) with uniform particle size, density and composition by density-gradient centrifugation; b. carry out observation with or without solution at a selected temperature and pressure; c. when there is a solution, put After the sample (17) is put into the solution of the quartz glass reactor (16), start automatic timing camera; measure the projected area and the circumference of the sample (17) three-dimensional direction, and calculate the shape factor; d. when there is no solution, measure the The projected area and the perimeter of the three-dimensional direction image of the sample (17) are used to calculate the shape factor; e. the volume of the sample (17) and its rate of change are the arithmetic mean of the three-dimensional data. The invention provides a device for taking three-dimensional images of a sample and an image quantitative method, especially provides a new device and method for the observation and quantitative evaluation of the three-dimensional behavior of polymer particles and biological seeds in a solution.

Description

Three-dimensional orthogonal microscope camera observation device and its image quantification method

technical field

The invention relates to a three-dimensional orthogonal microscope camera observation and image quantification method, especially for continuous observation of the expansion of anisotropic polymer particles in solution and the expansion, germination and growth of biomass seeds in solution Three-dimensional orthogonal microscope camera device and image quantification method.

Background technique

At present, none of the known microscope camera systems can obtain a three-dimensional image of a continuously changing and immovable sample with anisotropic characteristics. For example, there are four methods used to measure the swelling characteristics of polymer particles in solution: (1) volumetric measurement based on packed bed; (2) gravimetric analysis based on gas phase absorption; (3) based on measurement of particle size distribution. Malvern laser scattering method; (4) A method based on the combination of microscope observation and image analysis. The three methods except method (4) cannot be used for dynamic observation and quantification of single polymer particles. However, the method (4) usually using only one microscope cannot obtain three-dimensional continuous images of a single polymer particle. In order to overcome the shortcomings of method (4), researchers in China and Japan have proposed a method to obtain images of the expansion characteristics of polymer particles in solution with two orthogonal microscopes; the method of American researchers cannot completely obtain three-dimensional images of particles. There are also methods of obtaining three-dimensional images by rotating the sample, tilting the sample, or rotating the microscope, but these methods cannot simultaneously obtain the three-dimensional image of the sample at the same moment. In addition, there are methods of three-dimensional observation using complicated and expensive confocal microscopy and three-dimensional observation methods of microscopy based on the principle of digital holography. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop new methods for three-dimensional microscopy imaging and image quantitative analysis of anisotropic polymer particles. The invention is a three-dimensional orthogonal microscope camera system and a corresponding image quantitative analysis method for continuous observation of samples with anisotropy.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the problem that the existing microscope camera system cannot obtain continuously changing and immovable three-dimensional images of an anisotropic observation body, the present invention provides a three-dimensional orthogonal microscope camera observation device and its image quantification method, which can continuously obtain Observing the sample over time, in particular, obtaining a three-dimensional microscopic image of the observed sample with anisotropy.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is:

The three-dimensional orthogonal microscope imaging observation device uses three universal stands (11, 12, 13) to fix three microscopes (1, 2, 3) three-dimensionally and orthogonally, three microscopes (1, 2, 3) and three microscopes (1, 2, 3) The CCD cameras (4, 5, 6) are connected, and the data lines (7, 8, 9) of the three CCD cameras (4, 5, 6) are connected with the computer 10. A three-dimensional position-adjustable reactor stand 14 with a transparent window is placed on a quartz glass reactor 16, and a sample 17 and a solution are placed in the quartz glass reactor 16. The multi-point optical fiber cold light source 15 arranged above and below the sample 17 adjusts the illumination direction and cooperates with the background color plate placed behind the quartz glass transparent reactor 16 to obtain a clear image.

Select the adjustable range of microscope focus distance d _i (i=1, 2, 3) and the adjustable range of microscope eyepiece magnification f _i (i=1, 2, 3) according to the sample particle size; three microscopes ( The focusing distance d _i (i=1, 2, 3) of 1, 2, 3) is adjustable from 40 to 110mm, and the eyepiece magnification f _i (i=1, 2, 3) Adjustable from 0.68 to 4.5.

The height h ₁ =h ₂ =450mm between the lens center of the microscope 1 and the microscope 2 and the support table, and the height h ₃ =400mm between the lens center of the microscope 3 and the support table.

The image screen magnification of the computer 10 is 1100-8400. The computer 10 for image acquisition, storage, processing and analysis can use commercial or non-commercial or user-edited image acquisition, storage, and analysis software for processing.

The observation quantitative method of described three-dimensional orthogonal microscope imaging observation device, its specific steps are as follows:

a. Obtain 2 to 6 groups of observation samples with relatively uniform particle size, density and composition, and consistent storage state by using the density-gradient centrifugal separation method.

In order to obtain coal samples with uniform particle size and uniform composition, the representative coal types used for observation are crushed and then subjected to density shaving centrifugation and sieved according to the particle size range required by the experiment, such as 0.1-0.2mm, 0.2-0.3mm, etc., and the obtained samples are After vacuum drying at 105°C for 24 h, it was stored for future use.

In order to obtain seeds with uniform particle size and composition, the mature soybean, mung bean, red bean, red bean, black bean and other plant seeds without skin damage are naturally air-dried, separated by density shaving centrifugation, and separated according to the particle size range required by the experiment, such as 4× Sieve at 5×6mm, 5×6×7mm, etc., and store the separated samples (temperature 23°C, humidity 30-50%) for future use.

b. Observation can be done in two ways: without solution and with solution. With solution, organic solution or water is used for observation. Observations can be performed at room temperature and ambient pressure, or under controlled temperature and controlled pressure conditions.

c. When there is solution observation, under the observation temperature and pressure, first inject 3-5ml solution into the transparent quartz glass reactor 16, then put the sample 17 into the solution in the quartz glass reactor 16 and start to press the set time , three-dimensional orthogonal microscope camera observation device (three channels) automatic timing camera sampling 17.

d. Measure the projected area and the perimeter of the projected area of the three-dimensional image of the solution-free sample 17; then calculate the shape factor and volume of the same sample in three directions; finally obtain the shape of the sample 17 by averaging the three-dimensional image data factor and volume.

The volume V of the sample is calculated according to formula (1):

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; V</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}\sqrt{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&pi;</span>}}}{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="P"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800182.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">P</figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="P"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">P</figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}^{\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

In formula (1), P ₁ , P ₂ , and P ₃ are respectively the projected areas of the same sample 17 in three directions observed by a three-dimensional orthogonal microscope. F ₁ , F ₂ , and F ₃ are the shape coefficients of the same sample 17 in three directions observed by a three-dimensional orthogonal microscope, calculated by formula (2):

e. Measure the projected area and the perimeter of the projected area of the sample 17 three-dimensional direction image in the solution; then calculate the shape coefficient and volume change rate of the same sample 17 in three directions; finally obtain the sample by averaging the three-dimensional image data 17 Shape factor and volume change rate.

The volume change rate (Q _{v, t} ) of sample 17 at time t is defined as the ratio of the volume of sample 17 (V _t ) at time t to the volume of sample 17 (V ₀ ) at time zero, formula (3);

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; v</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; V</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; V</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

Considering the irregularity of the shape of the sample 17 itself and the anisotropic characteristics of the volume change of the sample 17, the present invention uses the arithmetic mean of the volume change rate of the sample 17 measured by the three microscopes at time t as the sample 17 in Volume change rate at time t, formula (4);

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; v</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \{</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; [</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800182.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="t\; P"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800182.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">t</figure-callout></span><figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="t\; P"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800182.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\; </figure-callout>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; </span>}}_{}^{}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">P</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="t"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">t</figure-callout></span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800182.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1,0</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="P"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800182.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}"><figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="P"\; filenames="A20091014387800181.png,A20091014387800182.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">P</figure-callout></figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1,0</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ]</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; [</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="t\; P"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">t</figure-callout></span><figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="t\; P"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\; </figure-callout>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; </span>}}_{}^{}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">P</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="t"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">t</figure-callout></span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2,0</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="P"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}"><figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="P"\; filenames="A20091014387800181.png,A20091014387800182.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">P</figure-callout></figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2,0</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ]</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; [</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="t\; P"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">t</figure-callout></span><figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="t\; P"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\; </figure-callout>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; </span>}}_{}^{}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">P</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="t"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">t</figure-callout></span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3,0</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="P"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}"><figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="P"\; filenames="A20091014387800181.png,A20091014387800182.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">P</figure-callout></figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3,0</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ]</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \}</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

In formula (4), F _{i, t} (i=1, 2, 3) is the shape coefficient of sample 17 in x, y, z three directions at time t; F _{i, 0} (i=1, 2, 3 ) is the shape coefficient of the sample 17 in the three directions of x, y, and z at zero time; P _{i, t} (i=1, 2, 3) is the projection of the sample 17 in the three directions of x, y, and z at the time t Area; P _i,0 (i=1, 2, 3) is the projected area of the sample 17 in the three directions of x, y, and z at zero time. Formula (4) can be abbreviated as Formula (5):

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; v</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; v</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; v</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; v</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 5</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

In formula (5), Q _iv,t (i=1, 2, 3) is the volume change rate of the sample 17 in the three directions of x, y, and z at time t.

Due to the volume-invariant substances contained in sample 17, such as the volume of mineral impurities, etc. should be deducted from the volume of sample 17; use formula (6) to modify formula (4) and formula (5):

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; dmmf</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; measured</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; y</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; y</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 6</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

In formula (6), Q _dmmf is the volume change rate of sample 17 without volume-invariant substance on a dry basis, and Q _measured is the observed volume change rate.

The revised formula (4) and formula (5) become formula (8) and formula (9).

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; v</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \{</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; [</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800182.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="t\; P"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800182.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">t</figure-callout></span><figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="t\; P"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800182.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\; </figure-callout>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; </span>}}_{}^{}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">P</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="t"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">t</figure-callout></span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800182.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1,0</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="P"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800182.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}"><figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="P"\; filenames="A20091014387800181.png,A20091014387800182.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">P</figure-callout></figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1,0</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="t\; P"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">t</figure-callout></span><figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="t\; P"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\; </figure-callout>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; </span>}}_{}^{}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">P</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="t"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">t</figure-callout></span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2,0</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="P"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}"><figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="P"\; filenames="A20091014387800181.png,A20091014387800182.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">P</figure-callout></figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2,0</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="t\; P"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">t</figure-callout></span><figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="t\; P"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\; </figure-callout>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; </span>}}_{}^{}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">P</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="t"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">t</figure-callout></span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3,0</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="P"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}"><figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="P"\; filenames="A20091014387800181.png,A20091014387800182.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">P</figure-callout></figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3,0</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; ]</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; y</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \}</span>}{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; y</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 8</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; v</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \{</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; v</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; v</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; v</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; y</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \}</span>}{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; y</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 9</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

Formula (8) and formula (17) are the general calculation formulas of sample volume change rate among the present invention; When y=0, promptly sample does not contain volume invariant substance, formula (8) and formula (9) become Formula (4) and Formula (5).

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the invention can continuously obtain the three-dimensional microscopic image of the observation sample that changes with time, especially the three-dimensional microscopic image of the observation sample with anisotropic change; It provides a new method for the observation and quantitative evaluation of the three-dimensional behavior of samples with anisotropy in solution or without solution; especially for three-dimensional microscopic observation and quantitative analysis of high The behavior and swelling mechanism of molecular particles and plant seeds etc. provide a new device and new method. The invention has a wide range of applications, such as mineral particles, metal and non-metal material particles, biomass particles, biological seeds, biological cells and the like. According to different observation objects, using the method proposed by the present invention can make full use of various existing microscopes, cameras and image processing software to observe the three-dimensional behavior of the observation object in a wide range of sizes and obtain the three-dimensional dynamic image information of the observation object. The three-dimensional observation device produced by the invention has low cost and price advantage. In addition, the inventive device has the advantages of simple structure, flexible combination, simple observation operation, good observation quality and the like.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional orthogonal microscope imaging observation device;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the positional configuration relationship of three microscopes;

Figure 3 is a three-dimensional image of 0.6-0.9mm Datong bituminous coal particles without solution;

Figure 4 is a three-dimensional image of 0.6-0.9mm Datong bituminous coal particles in water;

Figure 5 is a three-dimensional image of 0.6-0.9mm Datong bituminous coal particles in pyridine solution;

Figure 6 shows the shape coefficient and volume swelling rate of 0.6-0.9mm Datong bituminous coal particles in pyridine as a function of time;

Figure 7 is a three-dimensional image of the water swelling of soybeans in water as a function of time;

Fig. 8 is the changing rule of shape factor and volume expansion rate of soybean in water with time.

Detailed ways

Example 1: Observation and quantitative evaluation of the dissolution and expansion of coal particles in the solution

The specific steps are as follows:

a. In Example 1, China Datong bituminous coal with a particle size range of 0.2-0.3 mm, 0.3-0.6 mm, 0.6-0.9 mm, and 0.9-1.0 mm was used as the observation sample, which was vacuum-dried at 105° C. for 24 hours.

b. Observations were carried out at room temperature (28° C.) and ambient pressure in two ways, without solution and with solution.

c. No-solution observation is to demonstrate the effectiveness of the system without using a solution. Figure 3 is a three-dimensional image of a solution-free Datong bituminous coal particle. Figure 4 is a three-dimensional image of Datong bituminous coal particles in water. It can be seen from Figure 3 and Figure 4 that coal particles have significant anisotropy, and it is not possible to obtain accurate results simply by evaluating the volume of coal particles from one direction.

d. The organic solution used for the observation of the solution is pyridine of reagent grade. The experiment was carried out at room temperature and ambient pressure. 3ml of the pyridine solution was injected into the transparent quartz reactor 16, and then 1 to 3 samples were put into the pyridine solution of the reactor 16, and automatic timing camera sampling was started (three aisle). The sampling time interval for the first 6 hours is 10 minutes, the sampling time interval for the next 6 hours is 30 minutes, the sampling time interval for the last 12 hours is 60 minutes, and the sampling time for all continuous cameras is 24 hours.

Figure 5 shows the three-dimensional images of Datong anthracite particles (0.6-0.9mm) in pyridine solution taken by three orthogonal microscopes at t=0min and t=180min. It can be seen from Figure 5 that the swelling of coal particles in the pyridin solution has significant anisotropy. Therefore, accurate and comprehensive information cannot be obtained by observing and evaluating the volume and swelling rate of coal particles only from one direction.

Just in order to solve this problem and improve the measurement accuracy, the present invention uses a three-dimensional orthogonally configured microscope camera observation and analysis method to analyze the projected area, relative projected area, coal particle shape factor, volume and volume of polymer coal particles in solution and solution. Quantitative analysis of the change rate is carried out, and the change law of the coal particle shape coefficient, coal particle volume and swelling rate is obtained by averaging the three-dimensional image data.

Particle shape coefficient and particle volume swelling rate are calculated by formula (2), namely

Particle volume swelling rate Qv _,t is calculated by formula (8), that is

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; v</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \{</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; [</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800182.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="t\; P"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800182.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">t</figure-callout></span><figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="t\; P"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800182.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\; </figure-callout>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; </span>}}_{}^{}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">P</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="t"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">t</figure-callout></span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800182.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1,0</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="P"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800182.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}"><figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="P"\; filenames="A20091014387800181.png,A20091014387800182.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">P</figure-callout></figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1,0</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="t\; P"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">t</figure-callout></span><figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="t\; P"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\; </figure-callout>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; </span>}}_{}^{}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">P</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="t"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">t</figure-callout></span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2,0</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="P"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}"><figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="P"\; filenames="A20091014387800181.png,A20091014387800182.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">P</figure-callout></figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2,0</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="t\; P"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">t</figure-callout></span><figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="t\; P"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\; </figure-callout>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; </span>}}_{}^{}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">P</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="t"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">t</figure-callout></span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3,0</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="P"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}"><figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="P"\; filenames="A20091014387800181.png,A20091014387800182.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">P</figure-callout></figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3,0</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; ]</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; y</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \}</span>}{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; y</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}$

For Datong bituminous coal, y=0.0152.

Datong bituminous coal with a particle size of 0.6-0.9mm, in a pyridine solution at a temperature of 28°C, the measured three-dimensional projected area and projected area perimeter change data with time are shown in Table 1; the measured three-dimensional shape coefficient and swelling volume Table 2 and the change of the average value are shown in Table 2; the measured shape coefficient and volume swelling rate of Datong bituminous coal particles in the pyridine solution are shown in Figure 6.

Embodiment 2: Observation and quantitative evaluation of the expansion and growth law of biomass seeds in water

The specific steps are as follows:

a. The formulas (1)-(5) given in Example 1 are fully applicable to the dynamic observation and quantitative evaluation of the swelling and germination growth of biomass seeds in water.

b. The sample for observation in Example 2 used soybeans with a particle size of 5.5×5.5×6.5 mm.

c. The solution used for the observations was water, carried out at room temperature (27° C.) and ambient pressure. 5ml of pure water is injected into the transparent quartz reactor 16, and then the soybean sample is put into the water in the reactor 16, and then the automatic timing camera (three channels) is started. The automatic camera time interval is set to 1 minute, and the continuous automatic camera time is 24 hours.

Fig. 7 is a three-dimensional image of the growth process of soybean absorbing water and swelling in water. Significant anisotropy makes it impossible to obtain accurate and comprehensive information from observing and quantitatively evaluating the swelling growth process of soybeans from only one direction. Therefore, three-dimensional observation and evaluation becomes an inevitable choice.

Particle shape coefficient is calculated by formula (2), namely

The particle volume swelling rate is calculated by formula (4), namely

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; v</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \{</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; [</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800182.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="t\; P"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800182.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">t</figure-callout></span><figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="t\; P"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800182.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\; </figure-callout>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; </span>}}_{}^{}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">P</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="t"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">t</figure-callout></span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800182.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1,0</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="P"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800182.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}"><figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="P"\; filenames="A20091014387800181.png,A20091014387800182.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">P</figure-callout></figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1,0</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ]</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; [</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="t\; P"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">t</figure-callout></span><figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="t\; P"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\; </figure-callout>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; </span>}}_{}^{}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">P</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="t"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">t</figure-callout></span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2,0</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="P"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}"><figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="P"\; filenames="A20091014387800181.png,A20091014387800182.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">P</figure-callout></figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2,0</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ]</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; [</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="t\; P"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">t</figure-callout></span><figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="t\; P"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\; </figure-callout>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; </span>}}_{}^{}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">P</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="t"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">t</figure-callout></span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="f"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3,0</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="P"\; filenames="A20091014387800161.png,A20091014387800162.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}"><figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="P"\; filenames="A20091014387800181.png,A20091014387800182.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">P</figure-callout></figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3,0</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ]</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \}</span>$

The measured three-direction projected area and perimeter change data over time are shown in Table 3; the measured three-direction shape coefficient and three-direction swelling volume and their average changes are shown in Table 4; the measured shape coefficient and volume swelling of soybeans in water The rate change over time can be seen in Figure 8.

Table 1. Changes in the three-direction projected area and perimeter of the measured coal particle samples over time (data used in Figure 7, 0.6-0.9 mm Datong bituminous coal, 28 ° C pyridine solution)

Time (minutes) P ₁ (μm ² ) P ₂ (μm ² ) P ₃ (μm ² ) Circumference 1(μm) Circumference 2 (μm) Circumference3(μm) 0 10430 10269 13924 408.8 439.1 486.6 10 14254 13883 20473 483.9 511.9 592.6 20 16191 14319 23354 514.9 519.7 630.6 30 17338 15742 24774 526.9 561.9 657.2 40 18298 16483 26181 548.0 574.5 694.3 50 18566 17149 26928 553.5 588.4 700.5 60 18759 17584 27281 554.6 595.6 709.7 70 19057 17650 27683 555.6 620.6 711.2 80 19236 17775 27997 560.6 623.7 721.4 90 19591 17862 28405 560.3 625.2 721.7 100 19824 18210 28404 566.7 632.7 721.0

180 20576 18517 29215 575.4 631.6 733.9 220 20581 18676 29638 574.3 635.5 742.0 250 20595 18900 29720 575.1 637.0 737.1 280 20600 18914 29896 575.5 630.5 736.8 310 20605 18958 30048 576.1 636.1 742.8 340 20868 18973 30169 580.0 636.7 745.0 370 20900 19023 30345 579.4 639.1 748.6 400 21043 19161 30381 581.1 643.1 756.4 500 21276 19645 30727 585.5 651.3 762.5 560 21211 19692 30800 585.3 653.5 764.3 620 21292 19853 30885 588.1 660.9 765.9 740 21350 19909 30960 589.1 662.1 767.3 860 21456 19950 30969 590.1 662.5 766.0 980 21618 20204 31000 592.0 662.4 766.2 1000 21690 20191 31050 592.0 662.7 766.3 1120 21707 20213 31101 592.0 662.5 766.5 1240 21754 20250 31105 592.1 663.0 766.8 1360 21772 20253 31144 592.3 662.4 765.9

Table 2. The three-direction shape coefficient and swelling rate of the measured coal particle samples and their average changes (data used in Figure 7, 0.6-0.9mm Datong bituminous coal, 28 ℃ pyridine solution)

Time (minutes) F ₁ (-) F ₂ (-) F ₃ (-) Qvt _{, 1} (-) Q _{vt, 2} (-) Q _{vt, 3} (-) Q _vt (-) 0 0.78 0.67 0.74 1 1 1 1 10 0.76 0.67 0.73 1.56 1.56 1.77 1.64 20 0.77 0.67 0.74 1.89 1.64 2.17 1.91 30 0.78 0.63 0.72 2.14 1.78 2.31 2.10 40 0.77 0.63 0.68 2.27 1.91 2.38 2.20 50 0.76 0.62 0.69 2.31 2.01 2.51 2.29 60 0.77 0.62 0.68 2.36 2.09 2.53 2.34 70 0.78 0.58 0.69 2.44 1.94 2.61 2.35 80 0.77 0.57 0.68 2.46 1.95 2.61 2.36 90 0.78 0.57 0.69 2.57 1.97 2.70 2.44 100 0.78 0.57 0.69 2.59 2.02 2.71 2.46 180 0.78 0.58 0.68 2.76 2.11 2.80 2.58 220 0.78 0.58 0.68 2.77 2.13 2.84 2.61 250 0.78 0.59 0.69 2.77 2.18 2.90 2.64 280 0.78 0.60 0.69 2.77 2.23 2.95 2.67 310 0.78 0.59 0.68 2.76 2.21 2.94 2.66 340 0.78 0.59 0.68 2.81 2.21 2.95 2.68 370 0.78 0.59 0.68 2.83 2.20 2.96 2.69

400 0.78 0.58 0.67 2.86 2.22 2.91 2.69 500 0.78 0.58 0.66 2.90 2.30 2.95 2.74 560 0.78 0.58 0.66 2.88 2.30 2.95 2.74 620 0.77 0.57 0.66 2.88 2.29 2.96 2.74 740 0.77 0.57 0.66 2.89 2.30 2.96 2.74 860 0.77 0.57 0.66 2.91 2.31 2.98 2.76 980 0.78 0.58 0.66 2.95 2.39 2.98 2.80 1000 0.78 0.58 0.66 2.97 2.38 2.99 2.81 1120 0.78 0.58 0.67 2.98 2.39 3.01 2.82 1240 0.78 0.58 0.66 2.99 2.40 3.00 2.83 1360 0.78 0.58 0.67 3.00 2.40 3.02 2.83

Table 3. The three-direction projected area and perimeter of the measured soybean sample change with time (data used in Figure 9, 5.5×5.5×6.5mm soybeans, 27°C purified water)

Time (minutes) P ₁ (μm ² ) P ₂ (μm ² ) P ₃ (μm ² ) Circumference 1(μm) Circumference 2 (μm) Circumference3(μm) 0 80072 74916 61184 1088.6 1063.1 964 5.33 80805 76143 63832 1101.1 1074.6 987 10.67 82746 77397 66748 1124.1 1081 1002.4 16 84034 77972 68533 1128.5 1081.2 1013.9 21.33 85513 78176 70095 1132.1 1088.5 1025.8 26.67 86612 78281 70719 1140.8 1095.4 1028.3 32 88492 78853 70832 1145.7 1095.3 1028.3 37.33 88755 80294 71137 1151.2 1096.7 1032.4 42.67 89904 81312 71989 1165.8 1108.9 1032.0 48 92456 81623 72841 1187.2 1133.1 1039.3 53.33 94559 83442 73217 1194.6 1143.0 1043.3 58.67 96874 85007 74181 1228.8 1152.9 1054.3 64 98826 89424 75764 1250.9 1180.3 1069.1 69.33 100654 89938 77162 1256.1 1186.3 1093.2 74.67 104385 95982 77656 1288.1 1209.2 1093.5 80 105441 98376 79045 1290.9 1230.5 1109.4 85.33 106921 101029 81077 1291.8 1246.6 1113.6 90.67 110415 101935 82093 1298.7 1252.6 1116.9 96 111956 105185 83779 1322 1285.8 1138.3 101.33 111210 107132 84994 1325 1307.5 1152.5 106.67 115487 107248 86248 1345.1 1308.2 1160.3 112 119399 107817 87069 1352.9 1308.6 1164.3 117.33 120374 108039 89119 1354.9 1308.7 1175.4 122.67 124029 108465 90403 1381.5 1316.5 1177.5 128 124425 111400 91900 1386.8 1320.3 1189.4 133.33 126027 113053 92020 1389.6 1323.7 1190.2

138.67 127263 115154 93206 1392.7 1333.8 1195.4 144 128146 117863 93650 1404.4 1363.5 1199.6 149.33 130129 120108 94049 1412.7 1376.5 1206.9 154.67 131395 120498 94483 1428.5 1383.6 1217.2 160 132041 124174 96494 1438.4 1402.9 1226.4 165.33 135607 126129 97388 1457.2 1426.8 1244.9 170.67 137305 128201 98639 1463.4 1429.2 1246.5 176 140256 130866 99074 1494.3 1464.6 1259.6 181.33 141213 132459 101146 1522.3 1479.1 1269.1 186.67 142830 133972 101844 1526.3 1490.1 1289.1 192 145851 135383 101892 1531.9 1500.1 1278.9 197.33 147295 137376 102755 1545.1 1511.9 1276.4 202.67 148025 138175 105715 1545.1 1514 1287.6 208 149355 139446 106403 1553.8 1521 1295.1 213.33 150686 139989 109657 1557.6 1525.9 1314.7 277.33 156867 143403 113532 1595.2 1546.5 1343.4 341.33 158129 145834 114142 1599.6 1561.6 1347.3 469.33 159375 149397 114991 1618.7 1581.6 1365.6 597.33 159919 151306 115270 1623.7 1590.8 1367.0 853.33 160000 152929 115313 1624.2 1594.8 1374.9 1109.33 160082 153777 115643 1625 1600.8 1380.3 1388.8 160360 154470 115924 1626.6 1601.7 1386.9

Table 4. The measured shape coefficient and swollen volume of soybean samples and their average changes (data used in Figure 9, 5.5 × 5.5 × 6.5 mm soybeans, 27 ° C purified water)

Time (minutes) F ₁ (-) F ₂ (-) F ₃ (-) Qvt _{, 1} (-) Q _{vt, 2} (-) Q _{vt, 3} (-) Q _vt (-) 0 0.849 0.833 0.827 1 1 1 1.000 5.33 0.838 0.829 0.823 1.000 1.019 1.061 1.027 10.67 0.823 0.832 0.835 1.018 1.049 1.150 1.072 16 0.829 0.838 0.838 1.050 1.068 1.200 1.106 21.33 0.838 0.829 0.837 1.090 1.061 1.241 1.131 26.67 0.836 0.820 0.840 1.108 1.051 1.262 1.141 32 0.847 0.826 0.842 1.159 1.071 1.267 1.166 37.33 0.842 0.839 0.839 1.157 1.117 1.271 1.182 42.67 0.831 0.831 0.849 1.165 1.128 1.310 1.201 48 0.824 0.799 0.847 1.205 1.091 1.331 1.209 53.33 0.833 0.803 0.845 1.258 1.133 1.337 1.243 58.67 0.806 0.804 0.839 1.264 1.166 1.353 1.261 64 0.794 0.807 0.833 1.282 1.263 1.387 1.311 69.33 0.802 0.803 0.811 1.331 1.268 1.389 1.329

74.67 0.791 0.825 0.816 1.386 1.436 1.410 1.411 80 0.795 0.816 0.807 1.415 1.475 1.432 1.441 85.33 0.805 0.817 0.822 1.463 1.536 1.515 1.505 90.67 0.823 0.816 0.827 1.569 1.556 1.553 1.559 96 0.805 0.799 0.813 1.567 1.597 1.574 1.579 101.33 0.796 0.787 0.804 1.534 1.617 1.591 1.581 106.67 0.802 0.788 0.805 1.636 1.619 1.629 1.628 112 0.820 0.791 0.807 1.758 1.640 1.656 1.685 117.33 0.824 0.793 0.811 1.789 1.648 1.722 1.720 122.67 0.817 0.786 0.819 1.854 1.645 1.779 1.759 128 0.813 0.803 0.816 1.855 1.748 1.816 1.806 133.33 0.820 0.811 0.816 1.907 1.804 1.820 1.844 138.67 0.825 0.813 0.820 1.946 1.861 1.863 1.890 144 0.816 0.797 0.818 1.947 1.887 1.872 1.902 149.33 0.819 0.797 0.811 1.999 1.941 1.869 1.937 154.67 0.809 0.791 0.801 2.003 1.937 1.859 1.933 160 0.802 0.793 0.806 2.000 2.031 1.930 1.987 165.33 0.803 0.779 0.790 2.083 2.042 1.917 2.014 170.67 0.806 0.789 0.798 2.131 2.120 1.974 2.075 176 0.789 0.767 0.785 2.155 2.125 1.954 2.078 181.33 0.766 0.761 0.789 2.112 2.147 2.027 2.096 186.67 0.770 0.758 0.770 2.162 2.177 1.999 2.113 192 0.781 0.756 0.783 2.261 2.205 2.033 2.167 197.33 0.775 0.755 0.793 2.278 2.251 2.085 2.205 202.67 0.779 0.758 0.801 2.307 2.278 2.200 2.261 208 0.777 0.757 0.797 2.332 2.309 2.210 2.284 213.33 0.780 0.756 0.797 2.373 2.317 2.312 2.334 277.33 0.775 0.753 0.791 2.502 2.396 2.415 2.437 341.33 0.777 0.752 0.790 2.538 2.450 2.434 2.474 469.33 0.764 0.751 0.775 2.528 2.537 2.413 2.493 597.33 0.762 0.751 0.775 2.534 2.589 2.423 2.515 853.33 0.762 0.756 0.767 2.535 2.646 2.397 2.526 1109.33 0.762 0.754 0.763 2.536 2.662 2.396 2.531 1388.8 0.762 0.757 0.757 2.542 2.689 2.387 2.540

Claims (4)

1. A three-dimensional orthogonal microscope imaging observation device, comprising three microscopes (1,2,3), three CCD cameras (4,5,6), three data lines (7,8,9) and computer (10 ), which is characterized in that: the device uses three universal stands (11, 12, 13) to fix three microscopes (1, 2, 3) three-dimensionally and orthogonally, and the three microscopes (1, 2, 3) are respectively connected with the three The CCD cameras (4, 5, 6) are connected, and the three data lines (7, 8, 9) of the three CCD cameras (4, 5, 6) are respectively connected with the computer (10); the reactor bench (14) The three-dimensional position is adjustable, and the quartz glass reactor (16) is placed on the reactor stand (14), and the sample (17) and solution are placed in the quartz glass reactor (16); two of the multi-point optical fiber cold light source (15) The lamp head is arranged above and below the sample (17); two background color plates to help obtain a clear image are placed behind the horizontal direction of the quartz glass transparent reactor (16). 2. three-dimensional orthogonal microscope imaging observation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the focal distance _di (i=1,2,3)=40～110mm of three microscopes (1,2,3), The eyepiece magnification f _i (i=1, 2, 3) of the three microscopes (1, 2, 3) = 0.68-4.5. 3. The three-dimensional orthogonal microscope imaging observation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the reactor stand (14) has a transparent window. 4. a kind of image quantification method of three-dimensional orthogonal microscope imaging observation device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described method comprises the following steps: a. Obtain 2 to 6 groups of observation samples (17) with relatively uniform particle size, density and composition, and consistent storage state by using methods such as density ratio centrifugation; b. Observation adopts two methods without solution and with solution, and with solution, organic solution or water is used for observation; observation can be carried out at room temperature and ambient pressure, or under controlled temperature and controlled pressure conditions; c. When there is solution observation, under observation temperature and pressure, at first inject 3～5ml solution into transparent quartz glass reactor (16), then put sample (17) into the solution of quartz glass reactor (16) Afterwards, the three-dimensional orthogonal microscope camera observation device (three channels) will start automatically timing camera sampling according to the set time; d. Measure the projected area and the perimeter of the projected area of the three-dimensional direction of the solution-free sample (17); then calculate the shape factor and volume of the same sample (17) in three directions; finally obtain the sample by averaging the three-dimensional image data (17) shape factor and volume; The volume V of the sample (17) is calculated according to formula (1): $\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; V</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}\sqrt{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&pi;</span>}}}{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}^{\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$ In formula (1), P ₁ , P _{2 ,} and P ₃ are the projected areas of the same sample ( ₁₇ ) in three directions observed _by a three-dimensional orthogonal microscope; The shape factor of the same sample (17) in three directions is calculated by formula (2):

e. Measure the projected area and the perimeter of the projected area of the three-dimensional image of the sample (17) in the solution; then calculate the shape factor and volume change rate of the same sample (17) in three directions; finally process the three-dimensional image by averaging Data acquisition sample (17) shape factor and volume change rate; The volume change rate (Q _{v, t} ) of sample (17) at time t is defined as the ratio of the volume of sample (17) at time t (V _t ) to the volume of sample (17) at time (V ₀ ), the formula (3): ${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; v</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; V</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; V</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$ Considering the irregularity of the shape of the sample (17) itself and the anisotropic characteristics of the volume change of the sample (17), the arithmetic mean of the volume change rate of the sample (17) measured by the three microscopes at time t is taken as The volume change rate of sample (17) at time t, formula (4); ${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; v</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \{</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; [</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1,0</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1,0</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ]</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; [</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2,0</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2,0</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2,0</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ]</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; [</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3,0</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3,0</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ]</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \}</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$ In formula (4), F _i , t (i=1, 2, 3) is the shape coefficient of the sample (17) in the three directions of x, y, and z at time t; F _{i, 0} (i=1, 2 , 3) is the shape factor of the sample (17) at the time _of zero in x, y, and z directions; The projected area in the three directions of z; Pi _,0 (i=1, 2, 3) is the projected area of the sample (17) at zero time in the three directions of x, y, and z; formula (4) can be abbreviated as formula (5); ${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; v</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; v</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; v</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; v</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 5</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$ In formula (5), Q _{iv, t} (i=1,2,3) is the volume change rate of sample (17) at time t in x, y, three directions of z; Due to the volume-invariant substances contained in the sample, such as the volume of mineral impurities, etc. should be deducted from the volume of the sample (17); use formula (6) to correct formula (4) and formula (5); ${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; dmmf</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; measured</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; y</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; y</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 6</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$ In the formula (6), _Qdmmf is the volume change rate of the dry base non-volume change material sample (17), and Q _measured is the volume change rate of the observed sample (17);

The revised formula (4) and formula (5) become formula (8) and formula (9); ${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; v</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \{</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; [</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1,0</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1,0</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2,0</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2,0</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; f</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3,0</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3,0</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; ]</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; y</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \}</span>}{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; y</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 8</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$ ${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; v</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \{</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; v</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; v</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; v</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; y</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \}</span>}{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; y</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 9</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$ Formula (8) and formula (9) are the general calculation formulas of sample body (17) volume change rate among the present invention; ) and formula (9) become formula (4) and formula (5).

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