CN101548882A - Remote household monitoring system based on OSGi and computer aided diagnosing method - Google Patents
Remote household monitoring system based on OSGi and computer aided diagnosing method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于OSGi的远程家庭监护系统，特点是该系统包括：家庭网关、家庭监测、监护中心、大型医院及家庭医生；家庭监测由心电监护仪、血压测量仪、体温传感器、脑电监护仪及呼吸末含氧量传感器组成，通过基于OSGi平台的家庭网关与监护中心、大型医院、家庭医生互联，构成一个融合异构医疗数据的远程家庭监护系统，实现无线呼救和远程诊断服务。本发明与现有技术相比具有系统的设备简单、使用方便，当用户的生命体征信号出现异常情况或者用户按下求助按钮时，即可获得监护中心和家庭医生的指导或出诊，并融合异构数据进行计算机辅助诊断，能够很好地实现远程家庭监护的功能。
The invention discloses an OSGi-based remote family monitoring system, which is characterized in that the system includes: a home gateway, a family monitoring, a monitoring center, a large hospital and a family doctor; the family monitoring consists of an ECG monitor, a blood pressure measuring instrument, a body temperature sensor, Composed of EEG monitors and end-tidal oxygen sensors, it is interconnected with monitoring centers, large hospitals, and family doctors through home gateways based on the OSGi platform to form a remote home monitoring system that integrates heterogeneous medical data to realize wireless calls for help and remote diagnosis Serve. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has simple and easy-to-use system equipment. When the user’s vital sign signal is abnormal or the user presses the help button, he can obtain the guidance or visit from the monitoring center and family doctor, and integrate different Computer-aided diagnosis based on structural data can well realize the function of remote family monitoring.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及计算机诊断的远程医疗技术领域，具体地说是一种基于OSGi的远程家庭监护系统及计算机辅助诊断方法。The invention relates to the technical field of telemedicine for computer diagnosis, in particular to an OSGi-based remote family monitoring system and a computer-aided diagnosis method.
背景技术 Background technique
随着社会保障事业的发展和社会老龄化问题日益严重，远程家庭医疗监护系统由于费用低、诊断快、效率高，特别适用于老年人及慢性但易急性发作病人(如心脏病、哮喘等)的家庭监护，因而逐渐成为研究的热点。With the development of social security and the increasingly serious problem of social aging, the remote family medical monitoring system is especially suitable for the elderly and chronic but prone to acute attack patients (such as heart disease, asthma, etc.) due to its low cost, fast diagnosis and high efficiency. family guardianship, and thus gradually become a research hotspot.
经对现有技术文献的检索发现，从90年代开始的远程家庭监护系统在英国、法国、澳大利亚、美国、日本、瑞典、荷兰等国家和地区取得了较快进展，台湾的Lin等在《International journal of medical informatics》(《医疗信息学国际期刊》)2008，77：461-469上发表的“A pervasive health monitoringservice system based on ubiquitous network technology”(“基于普适网络技术的普适健康监护服务系统”)开发了远程医疗和长期健康项目。上海交大医学院和复旦大学在院外心脏病人远程实时监护方面也取得一定进展(http://www.sciencenet.cn/htmlnews/20071115115048546194287.html，2008)。Found through the retrieval of prior art literature, the long-distance family monitoring system that begins from the 1990s has obtained rapid progress in countries and regions such as Britain, France, Australia, the United States, Japan, Sweden, Holland, Lin et al. "A pervasive health monitoring service system based on ubiquitous network technology" published in Journal of Medical Informatics ("International Journal of Medical Informatics") 2008, 77: 461-469 ”) developed telemedicine and long-term health programs. Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine and Fudan University have also made some progress in remote real-time monitoring of cardiac patients outside the hospital (http://www.sciencenet.cn/htmlnews/20071115115048546194287.html, 2008).
在远程家庭监护系统中可以部署数以十计的监测设备，并且针对不同的监护目的，如心脏病、哮喘等需要选用不同的检测设备。而无数的厂商针对特定应用致力于提供相互竞争的产品和服务，使监测设备多种多样，基本上各自独立运行，成为真正意义上的孤岛。OSGi(Open Service Gateway Initiative)作为厂家无关，即公共标准的、和具体设备无关的中间件平台，成为实现各种医疗监护设备互连互通的一个可行办法。OSGi(http://www.osgi.org)具有平台独立，应用独立，零管理，安全，多任务，兼容不同局域网协议(如蓝牙，LonWorks，通用串列总线等)，与不同通信技术共存(如HomePNA，HAVi，HomeRF等)和支持多种设备连接技术(如UPnp，Jini等)的优点。Lind等在“MEDINFO2001”(“2001年第10届世界医学信息大会”)10(1)：830-834上发表的“Experiences from Development of Home Health Care Applications basedon Emerging Java Technology”(“基于新兴Java技术的家庭卫生保健应用开发经验”)提出基于OSGi平台的家庭血糖监护系统中，血糖检测由血糖计按时间周期检测保存在内存中，再通过串口传送到任意设备和Java虚拟平台，将饮食等影响因素由病人通过电话报告给医护人员。Dozens of monitoring devices can be deployed in the remote home monitoring system, and different monitoring devices need to be selected for different monitoring purposes, such as heart disease and asthma. And countless manufacturers are committed to providing products and services that compete with each other for specific applications, so that the monitoring equipment is diverse and basically operates independently, becoming an isolated island in the true sense. OSGi (Open Service Gateway Initiative), as a manufacturer-independent, that is, a public-standard middleware platform that has nothing to do with specific devices, has become a feasible way to realize the interconnection and intercommunication of various medical monitoring devices. OSGi (http://www.osgi.org) has platform independence, application independence, zero management, security, multi-tasking, compatible with different LAN protocols (such as Bluetooth, LonWorks, Universal Serial Bus, etc.), and coexistence with different communication technologies ( Such as HomePNA, HAVi, HomeRF, etc.) and the advantages of supporting multiple device connection technologies (such as UPnp, Jini, etc.). "Experiences from Development of Home Health Care Applications based on Emerging Java Technology" ("Based on Emerging Java Technology") published by Lind et al. family health care application development experience") proposed that in the home blood glucose monitoring system based on the OSGi platform, the blood glucose detection is detected by the blood glucose meter according to the time period and stored in the memory, and then transmitted to any device and the Java virtual platform through the serial port, and the influence of diet and other factors will be eliminated. Factors were reported by patients to healthcare professionals by telephone.
医生对病情的诊断往往通过“望闻问切”各种手段，结合病人的各种身体状况对病情进行正确诊断。OSGi除了解决设备无关问题，其连接的各种设备获得的大量异构医疗数据，也为计算机辅助医疗诊断提供了丰富的资源。浙江大学的段会龙和吕旭东在《浙江大学学报》2002，36(2)：199-204上发表的“医疗信息系统的工作流集成”，通过对一个肺栓塞病人检查诊断的医疗实例分析，利用北美放射学会和健康护理信息与管理系统学会联合发起的“全面医疗集成(integrat ing the healthcare enterp rise，IHE)IHE技术框架使得各种医疗设备和信息系统之间能协同工作，从而实现工作流集成。张全海和施鹏飞在《上海交通大学学报》2006，37(9)：1426-1429上发表的“基于本体的多智能体知识共享和协作”提出了基于本体的多智能体知识共享和协作处理模型及其在医学中的应用。上海交通大学张治在2006年的博士学位论文“模式匹配的泛代数描述及算法研究”中，对模式匹配的泛代数描述及算法进行了深入研究，将多标记模式实例化为一种描述异构模式的元模型——多标记图模型。Doctors often use various means of "seeing, smelling, asking, and feeling" to diagnose the disease, combined with various physical conditions of the patient to make a correct diagnosis of the disease. In addition to solving device-independent problems, OSGi also provides a wealth of resources for computer-aided medical diagnosis through the large amount of heterogeneous medical data obtained by various connected devices. Duan Huilong and Lu Xudong of Zhejiang University published "Workflow Integration of Medical Information System" in "Journal of Zhejiang University" 2002, 36(2): 199-204, through the analysis of a medical example of a pulmonary embolism patient's examination and diagnosis, Using the "integrating the healthcare enterprise (IHE) IHE technical framework jointly initiated by the Society of Radiology of North America and the Society for Health Care Information and Management Systems, various medical devices and information systems can work together to achieve workflow Integration. "Ontology-based multi-agent knowledge sharing and collaboration" published by Zhang Quanhai and Shi Pengfei in "Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University" 2006, 37(9): 1426-1429 proposed ontology-based multi-agent knowledge sharing and collaborative processing Model and its application in medicine. Zhang Zhi of Shanghai Jiaotong University conducted in-depth research on the general algebraic description and algorithm of pattern matching in his doctoral dissertation "Research on the Universal Algebraic Description and Algorithm of Pattern Matching" in 2006. Labeled schemas are instantiated as a meta-model describing heterogeneous schemas—a multi-labeled graph model.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是针对现有技术的不足而提供的一种基于OSGi的远程家庭监护系统及计算机辅助诊断方法，它基于OSGi的服务平台，无缝地连接家庭内的各种网络发出的监测信息，使得各种医疗监护设备的互连互通，实现生命体征信号的检测、与监护中心、家庭医生及医院的通讯和医疗数据获取，并融合异构数据进行计算机辅助诊断，能够很好地实现远程家庭监护的功能。The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of OSGi-based remote home monitoring system and computer-aided diagnosis method for the deficiencies in the prior art. It is based on the OSGi service platform and seamlessly connects the monitoring information sent by various networks in the family. , making the interconnection and intercommunication of various medical monitoring equipment, realizing the detection of vital sign signals, communication with monitoring centers, family doctors and hospitals, and medical data acquisition, and fusion of heterogeneous data for computer-aided diagnosis, which can well realize remote The function of family monitoring.
实现本发明目的的具体技术方案是：一种基于OSGi的远程家庭监护系统，特点是该系统包括：家庭网关、家庭监测、监护中心、大型医院及家庭医生；家庭监测由心电监护仪、血压测量仪、体温传感器、脑电监护仪及呼吸末含氧量传感器组成，用于监测用户的生命体征；家庭网关为基于OSGi平台的网络连接和控制中心，用于家庭监测与监护中心、大型医院及家庭医生的信息传输和集中控制；家庭监测将获取的生命体征信息通过蓝牙传输或CAN总线与家庭网关连接，家庭网关通过互联网或移动通讯与监护中心、大型医院、家庭医生互联构成一个融合异构医疗数据的远程家庭监护系统，当用户的生命体征信号出现异常，能及时发出报警信息，实现无线呼救和远程诊断服务。The concrete technical scheme that realizes the object of the present invention is: a kind of remote family monitoring system based on OSGi, is characterized in that this system comprises: home gateway, family monitoring, monitoring center, large hospital and family doctor; Measuring instrument, body temperature sensor, EEG monitor and end-respiratory oxygen sensor are used to monitor the vital signs of users; the home gateway is a network connection and control center based on the OSGi platform, which is used in home monitoring and monitoring centers and large hospitals and family doctor's information transmission and centralized control; family monitoring connects the acquired vital sign information to the home gateway through Bluetooth transmission or CAN bus, and the home gateway connects with the monitoring center, large hospitals and family doctors through the Internet or mobile communication to form a fusion heterogeneous A remote home monitoring system based on medical data, when the user's vital sign signal is abnormal, it can send an alarm message in time to realize wireless call for help and remote diagnosis service.
所述家庭网关设有OSGi平台、Java虚处理机、应用程序、数据库及集中控制的计算机处理系统。The home gateway is provided with an OSGi platform, a Java virtual processor, an application program, a database and a computer processing system with centralized control.
所述家庭医生是由掌上电脑(PDA)通过移动通讯系统与家庭网关、家庭监测互联。The family doctor is interconnected with a family gateway and a family monitor through a mobile communication system by a handheld computer (PDA).
所述无线呼救服务是当某个用户的生命体征发现异常或者用户按下求助按钮，家庭网关即可通过移动通讯(GSM)向家庭医生的PDA发出求救信号，或者通过互联网向远端的监护中心发出求救信号，监护中心接到信息，可以立即对病人进行指导或出诊。The wireless call for help service is that when a user's vital signs are found to be abnormal or the user presses the help button, the home gateway can send a call for help to the family doctor's PDA through mobile communication (GSM), or send a call to the remote monitoring center through the Internet. A distress signal is sent out, and the monitoring center receives the information, and can immediately guide or make outpatient visits to the patient.
所述远程诊断服务是医生根据监测数据，通过互联网收集大型医院的文本病例、医学影像、检验结果，进行专家诊断或计算机辅助的自动诊断。The remote diagnosis service is that doctors collect textual cases, medical images, and test results of large hospitals through the Internet based on monitoring data, and conduct expert diagnosis or computer-aided automatic diagnosis.
一种基于OSGi的远程家庭监护系统的计算机辅助诊断方法，特点是远程家庭监护系统通过异构医疗信息数据的映射和匹配，实现异构数据融合的计算机辅助诊断，该方法具体包括以下步骤：A computer-aided diagnosis method based on an OSGi-based remote home monitoring system, characterized in that the remote home monitoring system realizes computer-aided diagnosis of heterogeneous data fusion through the mapping and matching of heterogeneous medical information data, and the method specifically includes the following steps:
(1)、生命体征信号的获取(1) Acquisition of vital sign signals
由心电监护仪、血压测量仪、体温传感器、脑电监护仪及呼吸末含氧量传感器获取的生命体征检测信息，通过家庭网关的互联，实现集中控制；The vital sign detection information obtained by the ECG monitor, blood pressure measuring instrument, body temperature sensor, EEG monitor and end-tidal oxygen sensor can be centrally controlled through the interconnection of the home gateway;
(2)、计算机辅助诊断(2), computer aided diagnosis
利用检测到的生命体征信息以及收集到的大型医院的文本病例、医学影像或检验结果等医疗数据采用XML schema表进行转换，对诊断有效信息利用多标记图模式匹配方法进行有效标注和检索，实现异构数据融合的计算机辅助诊断；Use the detected vital sign information and collected medical data such as text cases, medical images or test results from large hospitals to convert them using XML schema tables, and use the multi-marker graph pattern matching method to effectively label and retrieve effective diagnosis information to achieve Computer-aided diagnosis of heterogeneous data fusion;
(3)、报警与求救(3), call the police and ask for help
当用户出现异常情况或者用户按下求助按钮时，家庭网关即可通过移动通讯(GSM)向家庭医生的PDA发出求救信号，或者通过互联网向远端的监护中心发出求救信号，监护中心接到信息，可以立即对病人进行指导或出诊。When the user has an abnormal situation or the user presses the help button, the home gateway can send a distress signal to the family doctor's PDA through the mobile communication (GSM), or send a distress signal to the remote monitoring center through the Internet, and the monitoring center receives the message , You can immediately guide or make outpatient visits to patients.
本发明与现有技术相比具有系统的设备简单、使用方便，当用户的生命体征信号出现异常情况或者用户按下求助按钮时，即可获得监护中心和家庭医生的指导或出诊，并融合异构数据进行计算机辅助诊断，能够很好地实现远程家庭监护的功能。Compared with the prior art, the present invention has simple and easy-to-use system equipment. When the user’s vital sign signal is abnormal or the user presses the help button, he can obtain the guidance or visit from the monitoring center and family doctor, and integrate different Computer-aided diagnosis based on structural data can well realize the function of remote family monitoring.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为本发明系统的结构示意图Fig. 1 is the structural representation of system of the present invention
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
参阅附图1，以下结合具体的实施例对本发明的技术方案作进一步详细描述，其具体步骤如下：Referring to accompanying
(一)、家庭内监测信号的获取(生命体征信号检测)(1) Acquisition of monitoring signals in the home (signal detection of vital signs)
家庭监测包括：基于蓝牙无线传输的心电，利用CAN总线连接的脑电监护仪、血压、体温及呼吸末含氧量传感器通过OSGi平台互联。OSGi平台一方面可以接收从蓝牙或CAN发来的检测信息；另一方面可以将信号传递给CAN或者蓝牙，实现集中控制。Home monitoring includes: ECG based on Bluetooth wireless transmission, EEG monitors connected by CAN bus, blood pressure, body temperature and end-tidal oxygen sensors are interconnected through the OSGi platform. On the one hand, the OSGi platform can receive the detection information sent from Bluetooth or CAN; on the other hand, it can transmit the signal to CAN or Bluetooth to realize centralized control.
(二)、自动诊断与报警(2), automatic diagnosis and alarm
利用生命体征信号(监护信号)进行计算机辅诊断，当出现异常情况时，及时发出报警信号，传递给监护中心或个人医生。Use the vital sign signal (monitoring signal) to carry out computer-aided diagnosis. When an abnormal situation occurs, an alarm signal is sent in time and transmitted to the monitoring center or personal doctor.
(三)、家庭监护系统与监护中心的互联(3) The interconnection between the family monitoring system and the monitoring center
1、无线呼救服务：当接收到某个传感器诊断到的紧急事件(如急性心脏病或哮喘病发作)，或者用户按下某个按钮，可以通过硬件上的GSM模块向远端的医疗监护中心发出求救信号。监护中心接到信息，可以立即对病人进行指导；或提示就近的医生出诊。1. Wireless call for help service: When receiving an emergency event (such as an acute heart attack or asthma attack) diagnosed by a certain sensor, or the user presses a button, the remote medical monitoring center can be sent to the remote medical monitoring center through the GSM module on the hardware. Send a distress signal. After receiving the information, the monitoring center can guide the patient immediately; or prompt the nearest doctor to visit.
2、远程诊断服务：正常情况下，可以定时将监测数据传送到社区医疗站，医生可以根据监测数据进行诊断；还可以通过互联网，收集大型医院的文本病例、医学影像或检验结果，进行专家诊断或计算机辅助的自动诊断；并将诊断信息反馈回监护系统。2. Remote diagnosis service: Under normal circumstances, the monitoring data can be sent to the community medical station at regular intervals, and doctors can make a diagnosis based on the monitoring data; it can also collect text cases, medical images or test results from large hospitals through the Internet for expert diagnosis or computer-aided automated diagnosis; and feedback of diagnostic information back to the monitoring system.
(四)、家庭监护系统与个人医生的互联(4) The interconnection between family monitoring system and personal doctor
个人医生的职能与社区医疗站类似，只是针对个别病人，因而与家庭监护系统只有无线方式通讯，各种信息通过个人医生手中的PDA显示；也可以通过互联网获得大型医院中病人的医疗信息。The function of a personal doctor is similar to that of a community medical station, only for individual patients, so it only communicates with the family monitoring system in a wireless manner, and various information is displayed through the PDA in the hands of the personal doctor; the medical information of patients in large hospitals can also be obtained through the Internet.
(五)、家庭监护系统与大型医院的互联(5) The interconnection between home monitoring system and large hospitals
病人可以由家庭监护系统通过互联网，获取大型医院中的医疗信息，接受医疗指导；或者将个人资料上传到大型医院。Patients can use the family monitoring system to obtain medical information in large hospitals and receive medical guidance through the Internet; or upload personal data to large hospitals.
(六)、融合异构数据的计算机辅助诊断(6) Computer Aided Diagnosis Fusion of Heterogeneous Data
融合生命体征信号、医学影像、检验及文本病例等异构数据进行计算机辅助诊断。主要技术包括：Integrate heterogeneous data such as vital sign signals, medical images, tests, and text cases for computer-aided diagnosis. The main technologies include:
1、基于多标记图的模式匹配关键技术，实现异构医疗信息数据的映射和匹配。1. The key technology of pattern matching based on multi-label graphs realizes the mapping and matching of heterogeneous medical information data.
2、基于异构数据融合的计算机辅助诊断2. Computer-aided diagnosis based on heterogeneous data fusion
将HL7、DICOM及IHE等对应于不同领域的医学标准，采用XML schema表进行转换，对诊断有效信息利用多标记图模式匹配方法进行有效标注和检索，实现异构数据融合的辅助诊断。HL7, DICOM, and IHE correspond to medical standards in different fields, and use the XML schema table to convert, and use the multi-label graph pattern matching method to effectively label and retrieve the effective diagnostic information, so as to realize the auxiliary diagnosis of heterogeneous data fusion.
以上实施例只是对本发明做进一步说明，并非用以限制本专利，凡为本发明等效实施，均应包含于本专利的权利要求范围之内。The above embodiments are only to further illustrate the present invention, and are not used to limit the patent, and all equivalent implementations of the present invention should be included in the scope of claims of the patent.
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