CN101526452B - Automatic turret type electronic mainshaft measuring unit of Brinell hardness tester - Google Patents
Automatic turret type electronic mainshaft measuring unit of Brinell hardness tester Download PDFInfo
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- CN101526452B CN101526452B CN2009100205072A CN200910020507A CN101526452B CN 101526452 B CN101526452 B CN 101526452B CN 2009100205072 A CN2009100205072 A CN 2009100205072A CN 200910020507 A CN200910020507 A CN 200910020507A CN 101526452 B CN101526452 B CN 101526452B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic turret type electronic mainshaft measuring unit of a Brinell hardness tester, which comprises an automatic turret mechanism, a weighing and force-measuring mechanism, a mainshaft anti-rotating mechanism, an accurate photoelectric measuring system and an electric control system; the lower end of an upper guide shaft is connected with the upper part of a force-transmission support seat by a weighting sensor; a turret is arranged in an inner cavity of a lower guide shaft which is fixedly arranged at the lower part of the force-transmission support seat, a turret gear connected with a turret driving mechanism is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the turret which is provided with a pressure head and two optical lenses, and a photoelectric switch and a turret locating block which is matched with a turret localizer arranged at the lower end of the lower guide shaft are arranged at the lower end of the turret; and a photoelectric micrometer and the two optical lenses form the accurate photoelectric measuring system. The automatic turret type electronic mainshaft measuring unit ensures that the hardness tester is integrated with the accurate photoelectric measuring system, realizes the accurate position conversion between the pressure head and the optical lenses and the accurate measurement of electronic stress application and indentation, can bear larger testing force and has simple operation, thereby being convenient for achieving the automation, lightening the labor intensity and improving the working efficiency.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention relates to Brinell tester, more particularly is automatic turret type electronic mainshaft measuring unit of Brinell hardness tester.
Two, background technology
Traditional Brinell tester is that the special-purpose pressure head of sclerometer is directly installed on the scleroscopic main shaft, and the power transmission last item is delivered to test power on the main shaft by the transition spring; Though main shaft itself is simple in structure, need on scleroscopic table hand-wheel, set up force limiting device, and practical operation bothers more.
The process of the test of test specimen being carried out any is: (1) rotary table handwheel, allow test specimen by pressure head with main shaft jack-up, eliminate main shaft end play.(2) after handwheel and screw relatively rotate, press test button and begin to apply test power.(3) after protecting the arrival of lotus time, removal test power has formed an impression on the test specimen surface.(4) the reverse rotation table hand-wheel is taken test specimen away, records impression diameter by optical measuring device, the acquisition ball hardness number of tabling look-up, some off-tests.
The problem that above-mentioned traditional Brinell tester exists is: (1) mainshaft mechanism is too simple, and the optical measurement mechanism that is used to measure impression diameter can not be installed, and causes sclerometer and optical measurement mechanism to split.(2) mainshaft mechanism must link to each other with the power transmission last item by the transition spring, and main shaft axially leaves the gap, requires on the scleroscopic table hand-wheel limit force mechanisms to be set, though this shows that main shaft is simple, requires supporting complicated.(3) test operation is loaded down with trivial details, the labour intensity height, and efficient is low.
Three, summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention will provide a kind of sclerometer and precise light electrical measuring systems can realized integrated exactly, can realize the exact position conversion between pressure head and the optical lens, and can finish the automatic turret type electronic mainshaft measuring unit of Brinell hardness tester that electronics accurate measurement afterburning and impression also directly calculates ball hardness number, the present invention can bear bigger test power, realized the closed-loop control of test power, simple to operate, be convenient to realize robotization, alleviate labour intensity, improved work efficiency.
In order to achieve the above object, technical solution of the present invention is: automatic turret type electronic mainshaft measuring unit of Brinell hardness tester comprises the force measuring machine of weighing, automatic turret mechanism, main shaft rotation-preventing mechanism, precise light electrical measuring systems and electric-control system; The described force measuring machine of weighing comprises the axis of guide, LOAD CELLS, go up axis of guide locking cap and force-transmission support seat and be arranged on elimination LOAD CELLS zero passage device on the LOAD CELLS; Upward the lower end of the axis of guide is threaded with the upper end snail hole formation of LOAD CELLS and is fastening by last axis of guide locking cap, and the lower end of this LOAD CELLS and the top of force-transmission support seat form a fixed connection; Described automatic turret mechanism comprises the axis of guide, capstan head, pressure head bar, pressure head, optoelectronic switch, turret stop, capstan head locating piece and capstan head gear and capstan head driving mechanism down; The upper end of this time axis of guide and the bottom of force-transmission support seat form a fixed connection, and are provided with the capstan head that can rotate and can move up and down in company with main shaft in the inner chamber of this time axis of guide; The inner chamber of the described down axis of guide is eccentric with the center of the guiding cylindrical of the following axis of guide, and its eccentric throw equals half of same circle diameter of pressure head and two optical lens compositions; Described capstan head is provided with axial bore and two axial bore that two optical lens are housed that the pressure head bar is housed, and above-mentioned pressure head bar and pressure head form a fixed connection; The rotation center of above-mentioned pressure head and two optical lens is positioned on the same circumference, and the center of above-mentioned circumference is concentric with the rotation center of capstan head; Angle between above-mentioned pressure head and the optical lens equals the angle between pressure head and another optical lens; The upper end of this capstan head be fixed with drive header turning tower structure in the capstan head gear that is meshed of driven wheel, the capstan head locating piece that the lower end of this capstan head is fixed with optoelectronic switch and matches with the turret stop that is arranged on down axis of guide lower end; Described precise light electrical measuring systems comprises above-mentioned two optical lens and is arranged on photomicrometer on the sclerometer frame.
Described elimination LOAD CELLS zero passage device comprises LOAD CELLS, goes up the axis of guide, zero passage spring force-transmission support seat, screw, is arranged on force transmitting board, zero passage spring and zero passage spring base on the LOAD CELLS lower surface; This LOAD CELLS is provided with the center axially extending bore, is provided with the zero passage spring force-transmission support seat of annular outer in the axially extending bore of above-mentioned center, is provided with the zero passage spring base and the zero passage spring that are sleeved on the screw in zero passage spring force-transmission support seat; The end of above-mentioned screw forms with the lower end of the last axis of guide and is threaded.
The inner of main shaft anti-rotation guide pole in the described main shaft rotation-preventing mechanism forms with force-transmission support seat and is threaded, and bearing is equipped with in the outer end of this main shaft anti-rotation guide pole; When main shaft moves up and down, move up and down in the vertical gathering sill that above-mentioned bearing can be provided with on the sclerometer frame; The above-mentioned length that is located at the vertical gathering sill on the sclerometer frame is greater than the maximum displacement of pressure head.
Described electric-control system is the display panel of controlling that is arranged on the sclerometer frame, and this is controlled display panel and is connected with optoelectronic switch by lead.
Described optoelectronic switch has two, is arranged on the periphery of optoelectronic switch plate, and this optoelectronic switch plate is packed in the capstan head lower end, and the angle between the rotation center of above-mentioned two optoelectronic switches and capstan head equals the angle between pressure head and any optical lens.
Described turret stop comprises that the detent force in the screw that is arranged on the turret stop seat is adjusted screw, detent force adjusts spring and meet and discuss in the location, pommel; The end that this detent force is adjusted spring is sleeved on the detent force adjustment screw, and its other end contacts with the inner face of meeting and discussing in the location, pommel; The outer end of meeting and discussing in this location, pommel is spherical shape and can stretches out from the screw on the turret stop seat; Described capstan head locating piece has three and have v-notch, and above-mentioned three capstan head locating pieces are positioned on the same circumference, and the angle between two adjacent capstan head locating pieces equals the angle between pressure head and any optical lens; Under the effect of spring force, the v-notch that the capstan head locating piece is provided with can be inserted or break away from the outer end of meeting and discussing in the location, pommel.
Be provided with the wave mode packing ring that is sleeved on the capstan head cylindrical between the upper surface of the lower surface of described capstan head gear and the following axis of guide.
The length of action of described capstan head gear and driven wheel is greater than 3 times of the main shaft maximum displacement.
Described top of going up the axis of guide is provided with the test power power transmission cushion block that is the back-off box-like; The described cylindrical of going up the axis of guide is set with guide frame and last orienting sleeve successively, is uniformly distributed with a plurality of through holes on this on the guide frame along the circumference, is provided with a plurality of small balls in above-mentioned a plurality of through holes; Be set with down guide frame and the following orienting sleeve that is packed on the sclerometer frame on the cylindrical of the described axis of guide down successively; Be uniformly distributed with a plurality of through holes on this time guide frame along the circumference, and in above-mentioned a plurality of through holes, be provided with a plurality of small balls.
Be set with mount pad on the main shaft on the cylindrical of described upward orienting sleeve; The described cylindrical of going up axis of guide locking cap is set with main shaft and holds up plate, this main shaft holds up plate and is lifted on the main shaft on the mount pad by being positioned at main shaft and holding up three bolts on the plate triangle summit and being sleeved on three main shaft back-moving springs on above-mentioned three bolts, and mount pad is packed on the sclerometer frame on this main shaft.
The present invention compared with the prior art, have the following advantages and good effect: (1) realizes the integrated of sclerometer and precise light electrical measuring systems, realize the exact position conversion between pressure head and two optical lens, can finish the accurate measurement of electronics reinforcing and impression.After having beaten impression on the test specimen, needn't remove test specimen, just can utilize above-mentioned precise light electrical measuring systems to finish the accurate measurement of impression rapidly, and directly calculate ball hardness number.(2) closed-loop control of realization test power has increased test progression; Have higher rigidity, can bear bigger test power.(3) simple to operate, easy to loading and unloading, save time, stable and reliable for performance, be convenient to realize robotization, alleviated labour intensity, improved work efficiency, accurate positioning, measuring accuracy height.
Four, description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a main pseudosection of the present invention
Fig. 2 is the partial enlarged drawing at A place among Fig. 1
Fig. 3 is that the K of Fig. 1 is to view
Fig. 4 is the partial enlarged drawing at B place among Fig. 1
Five, embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is done explanation in further detail.
Among Fig. 1-Fig. 4: 1, force-transmission support seat; 2, wave mode packing ring; 3, the following axis of guide; 4, turret stop; 5, capstan head locating piece; 6, capstan head; 7, pressure head bar; 8, pressure head; 9, optical lens; 10, capstan head gear; 11, optoelectronic switch plate; 12, following guide frame; 13, following orienting sleeve; 14, sclerometer frame; 15, driven wheel; 16, capstan head driving mechanism; 17, force transmitting board; 18, zero passage spring base; 19, LOAD CELLS; 20, mount pad on the main shaft; 21, zero passage spring; 22, zero passage spring force-transmission support seat; 23, main shaft holds up plate; 24, go up axis of guide locking cap; 25, go up orienting sleeve; 26, go up the axis of guide; 27, go up guide frame; 28, test power power transmission cushion block; 29, main shaft anti-rotation guide pole; 30, main shaft back-moving spring; 31, bearing; 32, control display panel; 33, photomicrometer; 34, detent force is adjusted screw; 35, detent force is adjusted spring; 36, meet and discuss in the location, pommel; 37, screw; 38, optoelectronic switch; 39, optical lens; 40, screw.
By Fig. 1-Fig. 4 as can be known, automatic turret type electronic mainshaft measuring unit of Brinell hardness tester of the present invention is made up of five parts, is respectively: the force measuring machine of weighing, automatic turret mechanism, main shaft rotation-preventing mechanism, precise light electrical measuring systems and electric-control system.The above-mentioned automatic turret mechanism and the force measuring machine of weighing have constituted the whole main shaft portion structure of automatic turret type electronic Brinell tester jointly; Under the effect of main shaft rotation-preventing mechanism, whole main shaft portion structure can only move up and down, but can not be in company with turret rotated.
Whole main shaft portion structure at the mounting structure on the sclerometer frame is: main shaft triangular in shape holds up plate 23 and is sleeved on the cylindrical of axis of guide locking cap 24; By main shaft hold up plate be positioned at three on the angle screw and three bolts that match with above-mentioned three screws and be sleeved on main shaft back-moving spring 30 on the above-mentioned bolt, with main shaft hold up plate be lifted on mount pad 20 on the main shaft below; The main shaft mount pad 20 that is embedded with orienting sleeve 25 is packed on the bracing frame by screw, and this bracing frame is packed on the sclerometer frame 14; Following orienting sleeve 13 usefulness screws are fastened on the sclerometer frame, realize the radial location of the axis of guide 3 down.Just whole main shaft portion structure is to be installed on the sclerometer frame 14 by 3 bolts and 3 main shaft back-moving springs 30, therefore require main shaft back-moving spring 30 that good flexibility must be arranged, promptly the size of power only produces micro-variation when micro-deformation, is used to hold up the weight of whole main shaft.The adjustment of main shaft verticality can be finished by the position of adjusting mount pad 20 on the main shaft, needn't propose too high accuracy requirement to correlated parts.
The detailed structure of five ingredients of the present invention is described as follows:
(1) automatic turret mechanism: with reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.
Automatic turret mechanism comprises: force-transmission support seat 1, the following axis of guide 3, following guide frame 12, capstan head 6, pressure head bar 7, pressure head 8, optoelectronic switch 38, turret stop 4, capstan head locating piece 5, capstan head gear 10 and capstan head driving mechanism 16.
The described down axis of guide 3 is packed in the lower end of force-transmission support seat 1 by screw, is set with guide frame 12 and following orienting sleeve 13 down successively at the cylindrical of the axis of guide 3 down, and this time guide frame is located by the axle-steel silk back-up ring that is fixed on down on the axis of guide.Orienting sleeve is fastened on the sclerometer frame 14 by screw under this main shaft, realizes the radial location of the axis of guide down.Be uniformly distributed with a plurality of through holes that are used to place small ball along the circumference on the guide frame 12 down, small ball is 32 in the present embodiment; The effect of this time guide frame is the friction force when reducing main shaft and moving up and down, move it smooth and easy, flexible, thereby guarantee afterburning accuracy.
As shown in Figure 1, described capstan head 6 is installed in down in the inner chamber of the axis of guide 3, and above-mentioned inner chamber is eccentric with the center of the guiding cylindrical of the following axis of guide; Its eccentric throw strictness equals half of same circle diameter that pressure head 8 and optical lens 9 and optical lens 39 form, pressure head 8 or optical lens 9 or optical lens 39 can be rotated to down when guaranteeing capstan head 6 rotations the axis of guide 3 the guiding cylindrical in the heart, thereby assurance pressure head 8 or optical lens 9 or optical lens 39 are on the axis of main shaft.This capstan head 6 can either rotate, and can move up and down in company with the following axis of guide 3 again.
This capstan head 6 is linked together by screw retention with the capstan head gear 10 that is positioned at above it, and this capstan head gear is meshed with driven wheel 15 in the capstan head driving mechanism; The length of action of this capstan head gear and driven wheel should be greater than 3 times of mainshaft mechanism maximum displacement.
Be provided with the wave mode packing ring 2 that is sleeved on the capstan head cylindrical between the upper surface of the lower surface of capstan head gear 10 and the following axis of guide 3, the transversal section of this wave mode packing ring is corrugated.The effect of wave mode packing ring is: eliminate the end play between the capstan head 6 and the following axis of guide 3, guarantee to realize seamless connectivity between the capstan head 6 and the following axis of guide 3, strengthen the rigidity of whole main shaft portion structure.
As shown in Figure 3, on capstan head 6, not only be provided with an axial bore that is used to install pressure head bar 7, but also be provided with two axial bore that are used to install optical lens 9 and optical lens 39 in addition, above-mentionedly be used to that the axial bore of pressure head bar 7 is installed and be used to install angle between the axial bore of optical lens 9 should equal to be used to that the axial bore of pressure head bar 7 is installed and be used to install angle between the axial bore of optical lens 39, the number of degrees of the above-mentioned angle in the present embodiment are 100 °.This pressure head bar 7 is packed in the axial bore on the capstan head 6 by screw and packing ring, is fixedly connected with pressure head 8 on this pressure head bar 7; Optical lens 9 and optical lens 39 then are installed in two other axial bore on the capstan head.That is to say that the angle between above-mentioned pressure head 8 and the optical lens 9 should equal the angle between pressure head 8 and the optical lens 39, the number of degrees of the above-mentioned angle in the present embodiment also are 100 °.In addition, above-mentioned pressure head 8 also should be positioned on the same circumference with the rotation center of optical lens 9 and optical lens 39, and the center of above-mentioned circumference should be strict concentric with the rotation center of capstan head 6.
On the lower surface of capstan head 6, be fixed with the optoelectronic switch plate 11 that is annular, periphery at the optoelectronic switch plate is equipped with two optoelectronic switches 38, and the angle between the rotation center of above-mentioned two optoelectronic switches and capstan head 6 should equal the angle between pressure head 8 and optical lens 9 or the optical lens 39.The beginning of turret rotated with stop to realize by controlling optoelectronic switch that then matching by turret stop 4 and capstan head locating piece 5 incompatiblely positions capstan head when capstan head 6 arrives accurate position by electric-control system.
As shown in Figure 2, described turret stop 4 comprises that detent force in the screw that is arranged on the turret stop seat is adjusted screw 34, detent force adjusts spring 35 and the location, pommel meets and discusses 36; The end that this detent force is adjusted spring 35 is sleeved on the detent force adjustment screw, and its other end contacts with the inner face of meeting and discussing in the location, pommel, and the outer end of meeting and discussing in this location, pommel is spherical shape and can stretches out from the screw on the turret stop seat.
This capstan head locating piece 5 has three and all have v-notch, and this capstan head locating piece 5 is packed in capstan head 6 bottoms by screw 37 and near the position of periphery, and this turret stop 4 is packed in the lower surface of capstan head 6 by screw and near the next door of capstan head locating piece 5; Under the effect of spring force, v-notch on the capstan head locating piece 5 can be inserted or break away from meet and discuss 36 outer end, location, pommel that can left and right sides telescopic moving.Above-mentioned three capstan head locating pieces 5 are positioned on the same circumference, and the angle between two adjacent capstan head locating pieces 5 should equal the angle between pressure head 8 and optical lens 9 or the optical lens 39.
Described capstan head driving mechanism 16 is fastened on the sclerometer frame 14 by screw, above-mentioned capstan head driving mechanism is that self-action drives turret structure, driven wheel 15 wherein by be packed in capstan head on capstan head gear 10 be meshed, drive the rotation of capstan head gear 10 and capstan head 6, from and drive the pressure head be arranged on the capstan head and rotate with optical lens, realize that the exact position between pressure head and two optical lens is changed.Certainly, the capstan head driving mechanism also can be that hand drives turret structure, promptly is fixed with handle set in the capstan head lower surface, is fixed with the cushion block that is connected with handle by screw on this handle set, and this handle parallels with the lower surface of capstan head.So far, the lower end of automatic turret type electronic mainshaft measuring unit of Brinell hardness tester is that automatic turret mechanism finishes.
(2) force measuring machine of weighing: with reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 4.
The force measuring machine of weighing comprises: go up the axis of guide 26, LOAD CELLS 19, go up axis of guide locking cap 24, go up guide frame 27 and force-transmission support seat 1 and be arranged on elimination LOAD CELLS zero passage device on the LOAD CELLS.
For the electronics reinforcing, in order to eliminate the zero passage phenomenon of LOAD CELLS, special being provided with on LOAD CELLS eliminated LOAD CELLS zero passage device.Zero passage phenomenon when electronics is afterburning is: for the LOAD CELLS that only is subjected to folk prescription to the stretching or the compression of power, if produce power at other direction, apply tensile force such as compression sensor to it, will produce negative value, when by compression, can produce again on the occasion of, must be between positive and negative through zero crossing, this brings adverse effect can for the LOAD CELLS precision, therefore must avoid the zero passage phenomenon.Employed in the present embodiment also is compression sensor, because parts such as capstan head itself have deadweight, LOAD CELLS is stretched and the zero passage phenomenon occurs.The effect of described elimination LOAD CELLS zero passage device is: when electronics is afterburning, make LOAD CELLS still can be compressed power after parts such as overcoming capstan head are conducted oneself with dignity, just avoided the zero passage phenomenon.
As shown in Figure 4, this elimination LOAD CELLS zero passage device comprises LOAD CELLS 19, goes up the axis of guide 26, zero passage spring force-transmission support seat 22, screw 40, is located at force transmitting board 17, zero passage spring 21 and zero passage spring base 18 on LOAD CELLS 19 lower surfaces.
This LOAD CELLS 19 is provided with the center axially extending bore, and the top of this center axially extending bore is that screw and form with the lower end of the last axis of guide 26 is threaded, and fastening by last axis of guide locking cap 24; Be provided with the zero passage spring force-transmission support seat 22 that has annular outer in the axially extending bore of these LOAD CELLS 19 bottoms.The screw 40 that is set with zero passage spring base 18 and zero passage spring 21 is set in zero passage spring force-transmission support seat 22, and the upper end of above-mentioned screw 40 is provided with center screw formation with the last axis of guide 26 lower ends and is threaded.
The lower end of this LOAD CELLS 19 drives zero passage spring bases 18 by screw special 40, by extruding zero passage spring 21, drags zero passage spring force-transmission support seat 22 and is located at force transmitting board 17 below the LOAD CELLS, is fastened on the lower end of the axis of guide 26.This zero passage spring 21 must have good flexibility, and promptly the variation that the size of power only produces trace when micro-deformation is used to eliminate the pulling force of the weight of all parts of LOAD CELLS lower end to LOAD CELLS.
Be provided with the test power power transmission cushion block 28 that is the back-off box-like in the upper end of the last axis of guide 26, the effect of above-mentioned test power power transmission cushion block 28 is: be used for transmitting the power that force application mechanism transmits the lifting surface area on axis of guide top in the expansion.Lower end at the last axis of guide is provided with external thread, forms with the top screw of LOAD CELLS to be threaded.
Be set with guide frame 27 and last orienting sleeve 25 successively at the center section of the last axis of guide 26; Should go up on the guide frame and be uniformly distributed with a plurality of through holes that are used to be provided with small ball along the circumference, small ball is 8 in the present embodiment.Last guide frame is when measuring with reinforcing, and the effect that can play guide effect and reduce to go up friction force between the axis of guide 26 and the last orienting sleeve 25 guarantees that main shaft can vertical moving.
LOAD CELLS 19 is fastened on the upper end of force-transmission support seat 1 together with the force transmitting board 17 that is located on its lower surface by screw.So far, the upper end of the automatic turret type electronic mainshaft measuring unit of Brinell hardness tester force measuring machine of promptly weighing is finished.
(3) main shaft rotation-preventing mechanism:
The main shaft rotation-preventing mechanism comprises main shaft anti-rotation guide pole 29 and bearing 31.In the outer end of main shaft anti-rotation guide pole 29 bearing 31 is housed and by the split washer latched position, its inner is provided with external thread and forms with force-transmission support seat 1 and is threaded.Bearing end on the above-mentioned main shaft anti-rotation guide pole 29 has been realized the anti-rotation and the guiding of main shaft by moving up and down in the vertical gathering sill that is provided with on sclerometer frame 14.The length that is located at the vertical gathering sill on the sclerometer frame 14 is greater than the maximum displacement of pressure head 8.
(4) precise light electrical measuring systems:
In the front portion of sclerometer frame photomicrometer 33 is housed, this photomicrometer has constituted the precise light electrical measuring systems jointly with the optical lens 9 and the optical lens 39 that are installed on the capstan head, realizes the precision measurement of impression.
(5) electric-control system:
Be provided with on the sclerometer frame 14 above the photomicrometer 33 and control display panel 32, this is controlled display panel 32 and is connected with two optoelectronic switches 38 by lead.The all operations of whole Brinell tester and control all are arranged on to be controlled on the display panel 32.
By keyboard test condition can be set, every point measurement finishes to show hardness simultaneously, and test time of holding of trying hard to keep is that 1-99 is adjustable second, and the hardness bound can be set, and test automatically, go-on-go and have acousto-optic hint.Connect printing or computer transmission data by RS232.Can carry out the data and the chart of various mathematical statisticss, output requirement to test figure.
(6) automatic testing process of the present invention is as follows:
As Fig. 1-shown in Figure 4, automatic turret type electronic mainshaft measuring unit of Brinell hardness tester of the present invention (hereinafter to be referred as the main shaft measuring unit) under the effect of three main shaft back-moving springs 30, is in reset mode.This moment, penetrator 8 was on the axis of main shaft measuring unit.If pressure head is not on the axis of main shaft measuring unit, when pressing the dynamic test key, pressure head 8 can arrive on the axis of main shaft measuring unit automatically.
When beginning to test, under the effect that adds force direction power, the main shaft measuring unit begins to descend, test specimen is begun reinforcing, test power is applied on the LOAD CELLS 19 by test power power transmission cushion block 28, the last axis of guide 26, LOAD CELLS is delivered on the test specimen by force-transmission support seat 1, the following axis of guide 3, capstan head 6, pressure head bar 7 and pressure head 8, simultaneously the size of LOAD CELLS 19 real-time ergometries; When test power applies when finishing, electric-control system begins to keep test power certain hour according to the requirement of Brinell test method.Time begins removal test power until finishing along adding the force reverse direction when arriving, and has formed an impression this moment on test specimen.
Under the drive of capstan head driving mechanism 16, capstan head 6 begins rotation, and the main shaft rotation-preventing mechanism is implemented anti-rotating function to main shaft; Capstan head stops when arriving certain angle, and under the effect of turret stop 4, capstan head is accurately located.This moment optical lens be on the axis of main shaft measuring unit, just optical lens has been come the position of pressure head 8, promptly optical lens forward to impression directly over, by optical imagery, impression is presented among operator's the visual field.
According to the requirement of Brinell test method, measure the diameter of impression and obtain ball hardness number, off-test by photomicrometer 33.
Claims (10)
1. automatic turret type electronic mainshaft measuring unit of Brinell hardness tester is characterized in that:
A, comprise the force measuring machine of weighing, automatic turret mechanism, main shaft rotation-preventing mechanism, precise light electrical measuring systems and electric-control system;
B, the described force measuring machine of weighing comprise the axis of guide (26), LOAD CELLS (19), go up axis of guide locking cap (24) and force-transmission support seat and be arranged on elimination LOAD CELLS zero passage device on the LOAD CELLS; Upward the lower end of the axis of guide (26) is threaded with the upper end snail hole formation of LOAD CELLS (19) and is fastening by last axis of guide locking cap (24), and the top of the lower end of this LOAD CELLS and force-transmission support seat (1) forms a fixed connection;
C, described automatic turret mechanism comprise the axis of guide (3), capstan head (6), pressure head bar (7), pressure head (8), optoelectronic switch (38), turret stop (4), capstan head locating piece (5) and capstan head gear (10) and capstan head driving mechanism (16) down; The bottom of the upper end of this time axis of guide and force-transmission support seat (1) forms a fixed connection, and is provided with the capstan head (6) that can rotate and can move up and down in company with main shaft in the inner chamber of the following axis of guide; Inner chamber on the described down axis of guide is eccentric with the center of the guiding cylindrical of the following axis of guide, and its eccentric throw equals half of same circle diameter of pressure head (8) and optical lens (9) and optical lens (39) composition; Described capstan head (6) is provided with axial bore and two axial bore that optical lens (9) and optical lens (39) are housed that pressure head bar (7) is housed, and above-mentioned pressure head bar (7) forms a fixed connection with pressure head (8); Above-mentioned pressure head (8) is positioned on the same circumference with the rotation center of optical lens (9) and optical lens (39), and the center of above-mentioned circumference is concentric with the rotation center of capstan head (6); Angle between above-mentioned pressure head (8) and the optical lens (9) equals the angle between pressure head (8) and the optical lens (39); The upper end of this capstan head (6) be fixed with drive header turning tower structure (16) in the capstan head gear (10) that is meshed of driven wheel (15), the capstan head locating piece (5) that the lower end of this capstan head (6) is fixed with optoelectronic switch (38) and matches with the turret stop (4) that is arranged on down the axis of guide (3) lower end;
D, described precise light electrical measuring systems comprise optical lens (9) and optical lens (39) and are arranged on photomicrometer (33) on the sclerometer frame (14).
2. automatic turret type electronic mainshaft measuring unit of Brinell hardness tester according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described elimination LOAD CELLS zero passage device comprises LOAD CELLS (19), goes up the axis of guide (26), zero passage spring force-transmission support seat (22), screw (40), is arranged on force transmitting board (17), zero passage spring (21) and zero passage spring base (18) on the LOAD CELLS lower surface; This LOAD CELLS is provided with the center axially extending bore, is provided with the zero passage spring force-transmission support seat that has annular outer in the axially extending bore of above-mentioned center, is provided with the zero passage spring base and the zero passage spring that are sleeved on the screw (40) in zero passage spring force-transmission support seat; The end of above-mentioned screw (40) forms with the lower end of the last axis of guide and is threaded.
3. automatic turret type electronic mainshaft measuring unit of Brinell hardness tester according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the inner of the main shaft anti-rotation guide pole (29) in the described main shaft rotation-preventing mechanism forms with force-transmission support seat (1) and is threaded, and bearing (31) is equipped with in the outer end of this main shaft anti-rotation guide pole; When main shaft moves up and down, move up and down in the vertical gathering sill that above-mentioned bearing (31) can be provided with on sclerometer frame (14); The above-mentioned length that is arranged on the vertical gathering sill on the sclerometer frame (14) is greater than the maximum displacement of pressure head (8).
4. automatic turret type electronic mainshaft measuring unit of Brinell hardness tester according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described electric-control system is controlled display panel (32) for being arranged on the sclerometer frame (14), and this is controlled display panel (32) and is connected with optoelectronic switch (38) by lead.
5. automatic turret type electronic mainshaft measuring unit of Brinell hardness tester according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described optoelectronic switch (38) has two, be arranged on the periphery of optoelectronic switch plate (11), this optoelectronic switch plate is packed in the lower end of capstan head (6), and the angle between the rotation center of above-mentioned two optoelectronic switches and capstan head equals the angle between pressure head (8) and optical lens (9) or the optical lens (39).
6. automatic turret type electronic mainshaft measuring unit of Brinell hardness tester according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described turret stop (4) comprises that the detent force in the screw that is arranged on the turret stop seat is adjusted screw (34), detent force adjusts spring (35) and meet and discuss (36) are located in the pommel; The end that this detent force is adjusted spring (35) is sleeved on the detent force adjustment screw, and its other end contacts with the inner face of meeting and discussing in the location, pommel; The outer end of meeting and discussing in this location, pommel is spherical shape and can stretches out from the screw of turret stop seat; Described capstan head locating piece (5) has three and have v-notch, and above-mentioned three capstan head locating pieces are positioned on the same circumference, and the angle between two adjacent capstan head locating pieces equals the angle between pressure head (8) and optical lens (9) or the optical lens (39); Under the effect of spring force, the outer end of meet and discuss (36) is located in the pommel can insert or break away from the v-notch that capstan head locating piece (5) is provided with.
7. automatic turret type electronic mainshaft measuring unit of Brinell hardness tester according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with the wave mode packing ring (2) that is sleeved on the capstan head cylindrical between the upper surface of the lower surface of described capstan head gear (10) and the following axis of guide (3).
8. automatic turret type electronic mainshaft measuring unit of Brinell hardness tester according to claim 7 is characterized in that: the length of action of described capstan head gear (10) and driven wheel (15) is greater than 3 times of the main shaft maximum displacement.
9. automatic turret type electronic mainshaft measuring unit of Brinell hardness tester according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described top of going up the axis of guide (26) is provided with the test power power transmission cushion block (28) that is the back-off box-like; The described cylindrical of going up the axis of guide is set with guide frame (27) and last orienting sleeve (25) successively, is uniformly distributed with a plurality of through holes on this on the guide frame along the circumference, is provided with a plurality of small balls in above-mentioned a plurality of through holes; Be set with down guide frame (12) successively on the cylindrical of the described down axis of guide (3) and be packed in following orienting sleeve (13) on the sclerometer frame (14), be uniformly distributed with a plurality of through holes on this time guide frame along the circumference, and in above-mentioned a plurality of through holes, be provided with a plurality of small balls.
10. automatic turret type electronic mainshaft measuring unit of Brinell hardness tester according to claim 9 is characterized in that: be set with mount pad on the main shaft (20) on the cylindrical of described upward orienting sleeve (25); The described cylindrical of going up axis of guide locking cap (24) is set with main shaft and holds up plate (23), this main shaft holds up plate and is lifted on the mount pad on the main shaft (20) by being positioned at three bolts on the main shaft picking-up plate triangle summit and three the main shaft back-moving springs (30) that are sleeved on above-mentioned three bolts, and mount pad on this main shaft (20) is packed on the sclerometer frame (14).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100205072A CN101526452B (en) | 2009-04-16 | 2009-04-16 | Automatic turret type electronic mainshaft measuring unit of Brinell hardness tester |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100205072A CN101526452B (en) | 2009-04-16 | 2009-04-16 | Automatic turret type electronic mainshaft measuring unit of Brinell hardness tester |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101526452A CN101526452A (en) | 2009-09-09 |
| CN101526452B true CN101526452B (en) | 2010-11-10 |
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| CN2009100205072A Expired - Fee Related CN101526452B (en) | 2009-04-16 | 2009-04-16 | Automatic turret type electronic mainshaft measuring unit of Brinell hardness tester |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP6017187B2 (en) * | 2012-05-31 | 2016-10-26 | 株式会社ミツトヨ | Indentation testing machine |
| CN109342179B (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2021-04-06 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京长城计量测试技术研究所 | Standard microhardness tester |
| CN110018071A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-07-16 | 南京邮电大学 | Failure detector based on impression measurement |
| CN116929973B (en) * | 2023-09-18 | 2023-11-21 | 江苏润鼎智能装备科技有限公司 | Aerated concrete body hardness detection device |
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