CN101524099A - Method of utilizing supercritical CO2 extraction technology to prepare primitive coconut oil - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing original ecological coconut oil by a supercritical _CO2 extraction technology, which includes a raw material pretreatment process, an extraction process and a product separation process. The coconut is shelled, shredded, dried and crushed; then the coconut meat powder is extracted with supercritical _CO2 fluid, and ethanol is used as an entraining agent to obtain the extract; The CO ₂ fluid is changed to gas recovery, and then the temperature is lowered to allow the VCO to solidify and be layered with ethanol, and the ethanol is poured out to obtain the original ecological coconut oil with a strong aroma. The technological process of the present invention is simple, fast, efficient and mild, and can preserve the natural active ingredients in coconut oil to the greatest extent. The development of the original eco-coconut oil processing industry in the industry.

Description

The method for preparing original ecological coconut oil by supercritical CO2 extraction technology

technical field

The invention relates to a method for preparing raw ecological coconut oil, which belongs to the technical field of post-production processing of agricultural products.

technical background

Virgin coconut oil (VCO), according to the Philippine National Standards (The Philippine National Standards, PNS), is to use mechanical or natural methods to extract coconut oil from fresh, mature coconut meat without chemical A product that does not alter the natural properties of coconut oil by refining, bleaching or deodorizing it. VCO is called "virgin coconut oil" in Taiwan. Since no chemicals are added during processing and no refining is required, raw coconut oil retains more of the original biologically active components of coconut oil, such as vitamin E, tocotriene and polyphenolic compounds, which are prepared by common methods Raw coconut oil is safer and more beneficial than natural coconut oil. Raw coconut oil has the natural fragrance of coconut, the content of free fatty acid is less than 0.1%, the carbon chain distribution of its fatty acid belongs to the normal range, and the composition of saturated fatty acid and unsaturated fatty acid is reasonable. According to reports, VCO has the function of reducing blood cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and ultra-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels; reducing the antioxidant function of free radicals such as hydroxyl groups in the body; destroying single-cell hyperplasia Antibacterial function of special bacteria, Helicobacter pylori and other fungi; anti-HIV, herpes simplex virus-1, influenza virus and cytomegalovirus and other antiviral functions. At present, raw coconut oil is more and more widely used in industries such as food, medicine, and daily cosmetics. In the Philippines, Indonesia and other countries, the production industry of raw ecological coconut oil is also developing rapidly. K.G.Nevin and T.Rajamohan (2004) reported that the processing technology of VCO is as follows: the solid endosperm of mature coconut is ground to make a viscous slurry, pressed with fine gauze to obtain coconut milk, cooled for 48h, and then slowly heated When the temperature reaches 50°C, filter the obtained original ecological coconut oil with fine gauze to obtain original ecological coconut oil. The method is simple to operate, and there is no heating and chemical process in the process. But it takes a long time, and the oil production concerns are also low. At present, there are domestic reports on the preparation of VCO by the aqueous enzymatic method, but the aqueous enzymatic method takes a long time to act, the process is complicated, and the enzymatic hydrolysis product is easy to cause oil rancidity.

Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction technology is a new type of extraction and separation technology. It has the characteristics of simple operation, high efficiency, fast speed, mild operating conditions, less damage to active ingredients, and easy separation. It is suitable for biological, food, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, etc. extraction and purification. In recent years, supercritical extraction technology has been widely and deeply used in the extraction and separation of animal and vegetable oils and their active ingredients. The biggest feature of supercritical carbon dioxide extraction technology is that it has little damage to the active ingredients in the material, and the operation is simple and fast.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of supercritical _CO Extraction technology prepares the method for original ecology coconut oil, and this method extraction process is simple, fast, can realize the protection to the maximum degree to the natural active ingredient of coconut oil; Eco Coconut Oil is of good quality and excellent quality.

Principle of the present invention is as follows:

Supercritical CO ₂ fluid is a non-condensable high-density fluid above the critical temperature (T _C =31.1°C) and critical pressure (P _C =7.38MPa), with excellent solvent properties, low viscosity, high density, and Good flow, mass transfer, heat transfer and solubility properties. When the _CO2 fluid is in a supercritical state, its density is close to that of the liquid, and it changes significantly with the change of fluid pressure and temperature, and the solubility of solute in the supercritical fluid increases with the increase of the density of the supercritical fluid . Entrainer refers to a small amount of miscible substance added to the supercritical fluid gas, whose volatility is between the separated substance and the supercritical component, which usually enhances the extraction ability of the supercritical fluid. Reduce operating pressure and reduce energy consumption. Under higher pressure, the supercritical _CO2 fluid dissolves coconut oil in the fluid, during which, 95% ethanol is used as an entrainer, and then the pressure of the fluid solution is reduced or the temperature of the fluid solution is raised to make the supercritical _CO2 fluid and The density of CO ₂ in the miscible of raw coconut oil decreases, the solubility decreases and precipitates, and then the freezing point of ethanol is higher than that of VCO to separate ethanol and VCO after VCO is solidified, so as to realize the extraction of coconut oil. Because CO ₂ is stable, nontoxic, safe, cheap, critical temperature and critical pressure are low (T _C =31.1 ℃, P _C =7.38MPa), and operating conditions are mild, therefore, the destruction of active ingredients in coconut oil is very little, and It is easy to separate and is suitable for extracting raw ecological coconut oil. The remaining defatted coconut powder can be used to extract coconut protein isolate, coconut active polysaccharide and other components, which is beneficial to realize the comprehensive utilization of coconut and turn waste into treasure.

The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

Supercritical CO _Extraction technology prepares the method for original ecology coconut oil, comprises raw material pretreatment process, extraction process, product separation process, and its steps are as follows:

1. Raw material pretreatment process: select ripe old coconut fruit, after shelling, peeling, cleaning, shredding, dry at low temperature to make the water content of coconut meat less than 7%, pulverize and sieve to obtain coconut meat powder.

2. Extraction process: use supercritical _CO2 fluid to extract the coconut meat powder for 1 to 3 hours under the conditions of pressure 25～40MPa, temperature 35～45°C, _CO2 flow 10～25L/h, to obtain the extract. Meanwhile, adding 95% ethanol is an entraining agent, and the addition amount is 35～45% of coconut meat powder by weight.

3. Product separation process: use the pressure increase and decrease release method to separate the extract under the conditions of 4-10MPa and temperature 45-60°C, the supercritical _CO2 fluid becomes gas and is recovered, and the rest is placed at normal temperature and pressure Make the CO ₂ volatilize cleanly, and then place it at 4-15°C to solidify the VCO and layer it with ethanol (since the freezing point of VCO is 26-28°C and the freezing point of ethanol is -114°C, VCO solidifies and resides in the lower layer, and ethanol is still liquid In the upper layer), pour out the ethanol to obtain the clear, slightly yellow, and rich-flavored original ecological coconut oil at room temperature.

The process of the present invention is simple, and cost is low, utilizes supercritical _CO Extraction technology to prepare original ecology coconut oil fast, safe, very little damage to the active component of coconut oil, adopt entrainer to effectively improve extraction rate, improve product quality, obtained VCO It is clear and has a strong aroma of coconut oil. The remaining defatted coconut powder can be used to extract coconut protein isolate, coconut active polysaccharide and other components, which is beneficial to the comprehensive utilization of coconut.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with non-limiting examples.

Embodiment one,

1. The raw material pretreatment process: select the old coconut fruit with a growth period of more than 12 months (this kind of coconut fruit has thick flesh and high oil content), shells, peels, cleans, shreds, and then shreds the coconut meat at 45 Dry at a temperature of 10°C for 3 hours, make the moisture content in the coconut meat less than 7%, then pulverize and cross a 20-mesh sieve.

2. Extraction process: use supercritical _CO2 fluid to extract the copra powder for 1.5 hours under the conditions of pressure 30MPa, temperature 45°C, _CO2 flow rate 25L/h, to obtain the extract. With 95% ethanol as entrainer, the addition is 40% (v/m) of coconut meat powder.

3. Product separation process: Use the pressure increase and decrease release method to separate the extract at 8 MPa and a temperature of 42°C. The supercritical CO ₂ fluid becomes a gas and is recovered, and the rest is placed at normal temperature and pressure for 1 hour to make the CO _2. Volatilize cleanly, then place it at 12°C to solidify the VCO and separate it with ethanol, pour out the ethanol, and you can get clear, slightly yellow, and rich-flavored original ecological coconut oil at room temperature. The VCO extraction rate can reach 85% to 88%.

Embodiment two,

1. Pre-treatment of raw materials: select old coconut fruit with a growth period of more than 12 months (this kind of coconut fruit has thick meat and high oil content), shells, peels, cleans, shreds, and then shredded coconut meat at 40 ° C Under the temperature of drying for 3 hours, make the moisture content in the coconut meat be less than 7%, pulverize again, cross 40 mesh sieves.

2. Extraction process: use supercritical _CO2 fluid to extract the copra powder for 1.5 hours under the conditions of pressure 35MPa, temperature 45°C, _CO2 flow rate 20L/h, to obtain the extract. With 95% ethanol as entrainer, the addition is 40% (v/m) of coconut meat powder.

3. Product separation process: Use the pressure increase and decrease release method to separate the extract at 5MPa and a temperature of 48°C. The supercritical CO ₂ fluid becomes a gas and is recovered, and the rest is placed at normal temperature and pressure for 1 hour to make the CO ₂ Volatilize cleanly, then place at 8°C to solidify the VCO and separate layers with ethanol, pour out the ethanol, and you can get clear, slightly yellow, and rich-flavored original ecological coconut oil at room temperature. The extraction rate of VCO can reach 86%-90%.

Claims (1)

1. supercritical CO ₂Abstraction technique prepares the method for ecosystem coconut oil, it is characterized in that: comprise raw material pre-treatment process, extraction process, product separation process, its step is as follows:

(1), raw material pre-treatment process: the old coconut fruit of selective maturation, drying makes the coconut meat water content less than 7% under low temperature after shelling, go kind of a skin, cleaning, plane silk, pulverizes, and sieves, and obtains the coconut meat powder;

(2), extraction process: use supercritical CO ₂Fluid is at pressure 25～40MPa, 35～45 ℃ of temperature, CO ₂Extraction coconut meat powder is 1～3 hour under the condition of flow 10～25L/h, obtains extract, and therebetween, adding 95% ethanol is entrainer, and addition is 35～45% of a coconut meat powder by weight;

(3), product separation process: utilize pressure increase and decrease method for releasing to make extract under the condition of 45～60 ℃ of 4～10MPa, temperature, separate supercritical CO ₂Fluid becomes gas and is recovered, and institute's excess is placed at normal temperatures and pressures and made CO ₂Volatilization is clean, then 4～15 ℃ place down VCO is solidified and with the ethanol layering, inclining ethanol, can obtain limpid under the normal temperature, slightly displaing yellow, the ecosystem coconut oil that gives off a strong fragrance.