CN101519606A

CN101519606A - Gas distribution device

Info

Publication number: CN101519606A
Application number: CN 200910074102
Authority: CN
Inventors: 毕继诚; 李克忠
Original assignee: Shanxi Institute of Coal Chemistry of CAS
Current assignee: ENN Science and Technology Development Co Ltd
Priority date: 2009-04-03
Filing date: 2009-04-03
Publication date: 2009-09-02
Anticipated expiration: 2029-04-03
Also published as: CN101519606B

Abstract

The invention relates to a gas distribution device which comprises a main board (1), lateral wings (2), a jet pipe ash-exhausting pipe (5), a baffle (6), a gas inlet pipe gas chamber, a cylinder (11) and a flange (12). A gas distribution board is formed by the main board (1) and the lateral wings (2), and the main board (1) forming an angle of 25 degrees to 60 degrees with the horizontal direction is obliquely arranged in the cylinder (11) and is connected with the wall surface of the cylinder (11); vertical upward small holes (13) are respectively arranged on the main board (1) and the lateral wings (2), and the ash-exhausting pipe (5) is communicated with an ash-exhausting hole on the main board (1); two jet pipes (3) and (4) are arranged in the cylinder (11), and the centers are respectively arranged on two equipartition points which uniformly divide the diameter of the cylinder (11) after the diameter of the ash-exhausting pipe (5) is removed; one end of the jet pipe (3) and one end of the jet pipe (4) are communicated with the main board (1), and the baffle (6) which is arranged on a midline in the cylinder (11) divides the gas chamber into two gas chambers (9) and (10) which are communicated with two gas inlet pipes (7) and (8). The invention has the advantages of easy operation, high gasification efficiency and wide material range of application.

Description

Distribution device in gas-fluid

Technical field

The invention belongs to a kind of fluidized bed gas distribution apparatus, relate in particular to a kind of Internal Circulating Fluidized Bed distribution device in gas-fluid that is used for.

Background technology

Along with the minimizing day by day of fossil energy, energy dilemma and environment protection cause the common concern of countries in the world day by day.The development and use renewable energy source is the effective means that alleviates energy dilemma and environmental degradation.Biomass are as a kind of important renewable energy, and its utilization causes the generally attention of countries in the world.Biomass mainly comprise agriculture and forestry organic waste material and domestic refuse etc., are characterized in that composition is complicated, the water content height, and it is bigger that equivalent diameter differs, and shape density differs.Utilizing the fluidized-bed gasification biomass to be used to generate electricity or synthesizing is one of current method of utilizing biomass energy.But there are some shortcomings in biomass fluid bed independent gasification, and at first, biomass produce to exist seasonal, can not stable supplying; Secondly, because the irregularity of biological particles, cause in fluidized-bed stabilization fluid separately, need to add bed and expect,, increased invalid power consumption as sand; Its three, the energy density of biomass is low to cause gasification temperature lower, generally between 600～800 ℃, thereby can produce a large amount of tar, is deposited on even blocking pipe or back system device, if the tar of discharging is dealt with improperly, is easy to cause secondary pollution.Biomass and coal gasify altogether and can well remedy the separately defective of gasification of biomass: 1. coal can stable supplying, remedies biomass production and has seasonal defective; 2. coal is expected as bed, solves the flow problem of biomass; 3. coal and biomass gasify altogether and can improve more than the gasification temperature to 900 ℃, thereby avoid the generation of tar.

At present, what fluidized-bed gasification furnace mostly adopted is the back taper grid distributor, and its primary structure is the hole that has on the conical distribution plate of a handstand vertically upward, and the bottom of cone has ash-hole.When with the mixture of the biomass of this type grid distributor gasification complicated component or coal and biomass, there is the problem of ash discharge difficulty; And, when in this type of fluidized-bed, adding non-homogeneous material or multi-component masses, tend to produce floating life component or small-particle begun fluidisation, and sedimentation component or macrobead fluidizing phenomenon not as yet.If continuing increases fluidizing gas velocity, make sedimentation component or large granular materials begin fluidisation, floating life, component or short grained material then produced elutriation, and still unreacted fully just leaves reactor, has reduced gasification efficiency.The method preferably of addressing this problem is to adopt the Internal Circulating Fluidized Bed mode of side ash discharge, makes ash discharge carry out easily on the one hand, improves operability; Make density and particle diameter smaller particles that the long residence time is arranged in fluidized-bed gasification furnace on the other hand, thereby improve efficiency of carbon conversion and gasification efficiency.

Summary of the invention

Goal of the invention of the present invention provides a kind of gasification efficiency height, easily ash discharge, and no dead band has the Internal Circulating Fluidized Bed distribution device in gas-fluid of dual-jet.

Distribution device in gas-fluid of the present invention is by mainboard, flank, jet pipe, ash releasing tube, baffle plate, inlet pipe, air chamber, cylinder, aperture on flange and mainboard and the flank is formed, it is characterized in that mainboard and flank composition gas distribution grid, flank is positioned at the mainboard both sides, along main plate center line symmetry, become 20-60 ° angle with plane, mainboard place, mainboard tiltedly is positioned in the cylinder from the horizontal by 25-60 ° of angle lapping and joins with the cylinder wall, have aperture straight up on mainboard and the flank, percentage of open area is 0.5-8%, the aperture is the 0.5-3 millimeter, ash releasing tube is communicated with ash discharging hole on the mainboard, ash discharging hole is oval, the wire of mainboard and flank is by the oval-shaped tangent line of ash discharging hole, the upper extreme point of wire is between summit on the mainboard and baffle plate, two jet pipes are arranged in the cylinder, make ash that molten poly-high-temperature zone take place in order to generation, its center lays respectively at removes on two equal branches of drum diameter three being divided equally behind the ash releasing tube diameter, one end of jet pipe communicates with mainboard, baffle plate is positioned on the center line of cylinder air chamber is divided into two air chambers, two inlet pipe are connected with two air chambers, are respectively two air chamber air feed.

The wall that the ash releasing tube of aforesaid distribution device in gas-fluid is positioned at low side of grid distributor and cylinder joins.

When in fluidized-bed, using gas distribution grid of the present invention, fluidizing agent flows through the aperture that has on the mainboard of Internal Circulating Fluidized Bed gas distribution grid and the flank straight up through two air chambers of lower end, enter the solid materials mixing region that is positioned at the gas distribution grid upper end, make bed be in fluidized state; Simultaneously, jet pipe and ash releasing tube feed a certain amount of gas respectively, in order to produce the high-temperature zone and to regulate ash discharge speed.The gas speed of jet pipe and ash releasing tube can independent regulation.Adopt two air chamber nonuniform air distributions, grid distributor is high-end for hanging down wind speed, and the grid distributor low side is a high wind speed.Therefore, solid materials can be realized cyclotron motion significantly in bed, has strengthened the horizontal mixing of material, has prolonged the residence time of solid materials in bed.In the high speed winds side, a large amount of bubbles move upward, and the particle in the bubble trailing vortex and the particle of emulsion zone constantly exchange.Bubble breaks when arriving the emulsion zone top, and the particle in the trailing vortex is thrown to freeboard, and under differential pressure action, bed material particle is to low wind speed side shifting.Because low wind speed side is in initial fluidized state, porosity is little, and can not produce a large amount of bubbles, and particle performance is random motion, the trend that does not have integral body to move upward.Therefore move downward under the self gravitation effect by the bed material particle of high wind speed effluent to low wind speed side.Along with particulate moves downward, the granule density of low wind speed side lower part increases, and in order to keep pressure equilibrium, the meeting of bed material is to the high speed winds side flow, thus the internal recycle of realization bed material.Ash discharging hole is arranged in the high wind speed end, and when particle at the bed internal diffusion time, the big ash particle that the gasification back takes place to reunite sinks down into grid distributor, and moves to ash discharging hole gradually along the tilt distribution plate.Heat transfer and mass transfer in the stove have been strengthened in the existence of fluidized-bed internal recycle, have prolonged the residence time of solid particulate in vapourizing furnace, thereby improve the gasification efficiency of fuel.

The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage:

(1) is easy to ash discharge, improves the operability of vapourizing furnace.

(2) existence of dual-jet can produce the high-temperature zone in stove, thereby helps the molten poly-of ash, has higher gasification efficiency.

(3) material wide accommodation, the independent gasification and the coal/biomass that can be used for coal, biomass (comprising rubbish etc.) gasify altogether.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a side-view of the present invention, and Fig. 3 is a vertical view of the present invention, and Fig. 4 is the front view of grid distributor, and Fig. 5 is the side-view of grid distributor, and Fig. 6 is the vertical view of grid distributor.

As shown in the figure, the 1st, the mainboard of grid distributor, the flank of 2 grid distributors, 3 and 4 is jet pipes, the 5th, ash releasing tube, the 6th, baffle plate, 7 and 8 is inlet pipe, 9 and 10 is air chambers, the 11st, cylinder, the 12nd, flange, the 13rd, aperture, the 14th, the last summit of mainboard, the 15th, the upper extreme point of mainboard and flank wire.

Embodiment

The present invention is described in detail as follows in conjunction with the embodiments:

Embodiment 1

Mainboard 1 and flank 2 are formed gas distribution grid, flank 2 is positioned at mainboard 1 both sides, along mainboard 1 medullary ray symmetry, become 20 ° angle with plane, mainboard 1 place, mainboard 1 tiltedly is positioned in the cylinder 11 from the horizontal by 25 ° of angle lappings and joins with cylinder 11 walls, have aperture 13 straight up on mainboard 1 and the flank 2, percentage of open area is 0.5%, the aperture is 0.5 millimeter, ash releasing tube 5 is communicated with ash discharging hole on the mainboard 1, ash discharging hole is oval, the wire of mainboard 1 and flank 2 is by the oval-shaped tangent line of ash discharging hole, the upper extreme point 15 of wire is between summit 14 on the mainboard 1 and baffle plate 6, two jet pipes 3 are arranged in the

cylinder

11,4, its center lays respectively at removes on two equal branches of cylinder 11 diameters three being divided equally behind ash releasing tube 5 diameters jet pipe 3, an end of 4 communicates with mainboard 1, baffle plate 6 is positioned on the center line of cylinder 11 air chamber is divided into two air chambers 9,10, two

inlet pipe

7,8 and two air chambers 10,9 are connected.The wall that ash releasing tube 5 is positioned at low side of grid distributor and cylinder 11 joins.

The gas speed of

jet pipe

3,4 and ash releasing tube 5 can independent regulation, is used for producing the high-temperature zone respectively and discharges lime-ash.Baffle plate 6 is divided into air chamber 9 and 10 with the air chamber of grid distributor and cylinder formation, is its air feed by two

inlet pipe

8 and 7 respectively.When using gas distribution apparatus in fluidized-bed, fluidizing agent is through two air compartments 9 and 10 of lower end, flows through the ventilating pit 13 of the gas distribution grid that Internal Circulating Fluidized Bed is made up of mainboard 1 and flank 2, enters the solid materials zone that is positioned at the gas distribution grid upper end.With the grid distributor low side that links to each other with air compartment 10 different operating gas velocities is arranged because the grid distributor that links to each other with air compartment 9 is high-end, the grid distributor low side has bigger gas flux, a large amount of bubbles move upward, bubble breaks when arriving the emulsion zone top, particle in the trailing vortex is thrown to freeboard, under differential pressure action, bed material particle is to low wind speed side shifting.Because low wind speed side is in initial fluidized state, porosity is little, and can not produce a large amount of bubbles, and particle performance is random motion, the trend that does not have integral body to move upward.Therefore move downward under the self gravitation effect by the bed material particle of high wind speed effluent to low wind speed side.Along with particulate moves downward, the granule density of low wind speed side lower part increases, and in order to keep pressure equilibrium, the meeting of bed material is to the high speed winds side flow, thus the internal recycle of realization bed material.Ash releasing tube 5 is arranged in the high wind speed end, and when particle at the bed internal diffusion time, the big ash particle that bigger ash particle and gasification back take place to reunite sinks down into mainboard 1 and flank 2, and moves to ash releasing tube 5 gradually along the mainboard 1 that tilts and flank 2 and discharge.Heat transfer and mass transfer in the stove have been strengthened in the existence of fluidized-bed internal recycle, have prolonged the residence time of solid particulate in vapourizing furnace, thereby improve the gasification efficiency of fuel.

Embodiment 2

Flank 2 becomes 30 ° angle with plane, mainboard 1 place, mainboard 1 tiltedly is positioned in the cylinder 11 from the horizontal by 40 ° of angle lappings and joins with cylinder 11 walls, has aperture 13 straight up on mainboard 1 and the flank 2, and percentage of open area is 2%, the aperture is 2 millimeters, and other is with embodiment 1.

Embodiment 3

Flank 2 becomes 40 ° angle with plane, mainboard 1 place, mainboard 1 tiltedly is positioned in the cylinder 11 from the horizontal by 50 ° of angle lappings and joins with cylinder 11 walls, has aperture 13 straight up on mainboard 1 and the flank 2, and percentage of open area is 5%, the aperture is 3 millimeters, and other is with embodiment 1.

Embodiment 4

Flank 2 becomes 60 ° angle with plane, mainboard 1 place, mainboard 1 tiltedly is positioned in the cylinder 11 from the horizontal by 60 ° of angle lappings and joins with cylinder 11 walls, has aperture 13 straight up on mainboard 1 and the flank 2, and percentage of open area is 8%, the aperture is 1.5 millimeters, and other is with embodiment 1.

Claims

1. A gas distribution device is composed of a main board (1), side wings (2), jet pipes (3), (4) ash discharge pipes (5), baffles (6), air intake pipes (7), (8 ) gas chamber (9), (10), cylinder (11), flange (12), characterized in that the main board (1) and side wings (2) form a gas distribution plate, and the side wings (2) are located on the main board (1) Both sides are symmetrical along the central line of the main board (1), forming an angle of 20-60° with the plane where the main board (1) is located, and the main board (1) is placed obliquely in the cylinder (11) at an angle of 25-60° with the horizontal direction The walls of the cylinder (11) are connected, the main board (1) and the side wings (2) are provided with vertically upward small holes (13), the opening rate is 0.5-8%, the aperture is 0.5-3 mm, and the ash discharge pipe (5) communicate with the ash discharge port on the main board (1), the ash discharge port is oval, the connection line of the main board (1) and the side wing (2) passes through the tangent line of the ash discharge port oval, the upper endpoint of the connection line (15 ) is located between the apex (14) and the baffle (6) on the main board (1), and there are two jet tubes (3) and (4) in the cylinder (11), the centers of which are respectively located in the ash removal tube (5) After the diameter, the diameter of the cylinder (11) is divided into three equal parts, one end of the jet tubes (3), (4) communicates with the main board (1), and the baffle (6) is located in the cylinder (11) Air chamber is divided into two air chambers (9), (10) on the central line of the air chamber, and two air inlet pipes (7), (8) are communicated with two air chambers (10), (9).

2. A gas distribution device according to claim 1, characterized in that the ash discharge pipe (5) is located at the lower side of the distribution plate and connects with the wall surface of the cylinder (11).