CN101516548A - Method for pouring melt from a tiltable metallurgic vessel and system for performing the method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for pouring molten metal (9, 6) from an invertible metallurgical container (1) into a receiving container (7) for an optimal and automated pouring process, characterized in that Combination: determining the inversion position of the metallurgical container (1), in which the molten liquid (6) to be poured flows out of the metallurgical container (1) in the form of a pouring injection (18); The position of the pouring stream (18) produced in the determined inversion position of the vessel (1), placing the receiving vessel (7) in place for receiving the ingot produced from the metallurgical vessel (1) according to the determined inversion position The pouring stream ( 18 ) follows the receiving container ( 7 ) after the start of pouring, corresponding to the pouring stream ( 18 ) which changes as a function of the tilting angle of the metallurgical container ( 1 ) which changes with the continuous pouring process.

Description

Method for pouring melt from an invertible metallurgical vessel and device for carrying out said method

technical field

The invention relates to a method for pouring a melt, in particular a slag melt and/or a steel melt, from a reversible metallurgical vessel, in particular a steelworks converter, into a receiving vessel, in particular a ladle or a slag pot, and An apparatus for automatically implementing the method.

Background technique

A method of this type is disclosed from WO 03/004198A2. In this case, the molten steel is poured into a receiving container which is placed in place below the tapping hole of the converter in the steelworks, taking into account a number of parameters important for tapping such as the tilting angle of the converter in the steelmaking plant, the angle of the tapping hole. Furnace lining state, furnace lining state of the converter in the steelmaking plant, charging volume (Chargenvolumen), tapping time, chemical composition of steel and slag, temperature of the steel and slag, etc., and wherein the turning angle of the converter in the steelmaking plant Tuning depends on these parameters. The receiving container is, independently of this, situated vertically below the tapping hole of the converter. In this case, the molten bath levels of the converter and of the receiving vessel are continuously monitored.

In order to pour the melt into the casting mould, it has been known (DE 26 31 015 A1) to adjust the turning angle of a reversible ladle in dependence on the position of the mould, wherein the pouring injection flows from the spout of the ladle Flows out and always maintains its position, that is, its position in space. The casting mold is provided with a melt level measuring device so that overflow of the casting mold can be avoided.

From EP 0 240 128 B1 a pouring machine with an inductively heated reversible furnace is known, wherein the furnace can be reversible and reaches into the melt and accepts the molten mold in order to maintain a stable degree of immersion and thereby The degree of filling of the casting mold to be kept stable can be dependent on the height of the bath level immersed in the melt or the tilt angle of the furnace can be varied.

From DE 35 32 763 A1 it is disclosed that the melt is poured from a reversible ladle into a casting mold positioned next to the ladle, wherein the molten pool level in said casting mold is observed and This is relied upon to control the tipping angle of the ladle. A pouring machine of similar construction is known from DE 12 35 520 A1.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to further develop a method of the type mentioned at the outset so that a fully automated pouring process can be carried out, wherein during the continuous turning process of the metallurgical vessel the changing pouring stream optimally reaches the receiving vessel .

According to the invention, this object is achieved by the combination of the following features:

- determining the tilting position of the metallurgical vessel, in which the melt to be poured out of the metallurgical vessel in the form of a pouring jet;

- detection of the position of said pouring stream arising from a defined tilting position of the metallurgical vessel;

- placing the receiving vessel in place for receiving the pouring stream produced from the metallurgical vessel according to the determined inversion position and after starting pouring

Tracking of the receiving container according to the changing pouring flow depending on the tilting angle of the metallurgical container as a function of the continuous pouring process.

The height of the molten pool level in the metallurgical vessel can be determined directly or indirectly; directly by means of a molten bath level measuring device, and indirectly by determining the The height of the bath level is determined in this way by calculations based on the internal volume of the metallurgical vessel and the weight of the melt, wherein in the latter case preferably by means of a laser scanner before filling the metallurgical vessel To measure the internal volume of the metallurgical vessel.

If the bath level in a metallurgical vessel is measured by means of a bath level measuring device, the angle between the measuring beam of the measuring device and the bath level and the departure of the bath level from the measuring device to measure the distance.

A method for removing steel from a steelworks converter is characterized in that, for pouring steel out of a steelworks converter, a bath level of a slag melt is determined, wherein the slag melt is taken into account Determine the turning position of the metallurgical vessel for pouring molten steel in the case of molten pool liquid level, so that the molten pool liquid of the slag molten face is compared to the turning position of the steelworks converter when discharging molten steel In a safe distance from the converter charge opening of the steelworks converter.

Preferably, the metallurgical vessel is continuously turned over during pouring of the melt.

If the metallurgical vessel is turned very slowly, the metallurgical vessel can also be turned gradually in order to avoid overheating of the drive motor.

Advantageously, the individual steps to be carried out during pouring are carried out automatically by means of a computer control system, and the metallurgical container is also automatically straightened after pouring.

In order to add filling material to the receiving container, a charging chute is provided, which is tracked according to the pouring flow and/or the tracked receiving container, which is dependent on the turning angle of the metallurgical container as a function of the continuous pouring process. The feeding chute.

A device for carrying out the method according to the invention is characterized by a combination of the following features:

- a metallurgical vessel provided with a position-measuring device for measuring the inversion angle and an associated control device for inverting the metallurgical vessel,

- a receiving container movable in the direction of the tilting plane of the metallurgical container, the receiving container having a position measuring device and an associated control device for moving the receiving container,

- a measuring device for direct or indirect preferably continuous detection of the bath level of the melt in said metallurgical vessel, and if necessary

- Devices for identifying the end of tapping, the start of tapping and the remaining steel.

For filling, a filling chute is provided which is provided with a position measuring device for measuring the position and an associated control device for positioning the filling chute as a function of the position of the pouring jet and/or the position of the receiving container.

If the molten bath level is detected indirectly, a weighing device for the receiving container is provided.

Description of drawings

The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings. in:

1 to 4 are schematic illustrations of different tilting positions of a converter in a steelworks plant when pouring out the molten steel and subsequently when pouring out the molten slag.

Detailed ways

The steelworks converter 1 is fixed in the usual manner in a support ring 2 which can be pivoted in bearings arranged on the foundation by means of two bearing journals 4 diametrically opposite one another and defining the axis of rotation 3 , And, more precisely, it is turned over by means of an electric drive, not shown in detail.

Below the steelworks converter 1 , in the symmetry-turning plane of the steelworks converter 1 , a ladle car 5 can be moved for receiving the molten steel 6 poured into a ladle 7 and Furthermore, the slag trolley 8 can be moved for receiving the slag melt 9 poured into the slag pot 10 , that is to say likewise in each case by means of an electric drive.

A bath level measuring device 11 provided with a cooling device is arranged on the side of the steelworks converter 1 , more precisely likewise in the symmetry tilting plane. The measuring device 11 is used to aim at the inside of the steelworks converter 1, and once the converter charge opening 13 of the steelworks converter 1 is aligned with the measuring device 11 when the steelworks converter 1 is turned over, the The bath level 12 can then be detected, more precisely by measuring the angle 14 between the measuring jet 15 of the measuring device 11 and the bath level 16 and the departure of the bath level 16 by the measuring device 11 The measuring device 11 measures the distance for detection. Measuring device 11 can operate, for example, by means of a laser beam or also by means of radar.

The tilting position of the steelworks converter 1 can be determined by means of position measuring devices usually present in steelworks. Likewise, the position of the receptacles, ie the ladle 7 and the slag pot 10 , which are movable below the converter in the steelworks plant, can also be determined by means of conventional position-measuring devices which are not shown in detail. Not only the turning drives of the steelworks converter 1 but also the travel drives of the ladle cars 5 and slag cars 8 are provided with control devices for precise positioning.

Instead of the measuring device 11, it is also possible to rely on the inversion angle of the converter 1 in the steelmaking plant to calculate the liquid level of the molten pool 16 on the basis of the current converter geometry (referring to the state of the furnace lining) and the size of the furnace charge. The current situation. For this purpose, the current amount of molten steel 6 poured is continuously checked during the tapping process by means of a weighing device for weighing the total weight of the receiving container 7 . On the basis of the calculated converter content and the given converter geometry, the current situation of the molten bath level 16 can thus be continuously calculated.

The automated pouring process takes place in such a way that it is initiated by the operator. The steelworks converter 1 is automatically turned in the direction of pouring out the molten steel 6, wherein the current bath level 16 is continuously detected, more precisely either from the molten steel according to one of the two methods described above. The distance of the bath level 16 from the measuring device 1 and the angle 14 formed by said bath level 16 and the measuring beam 15 of the measuring device 11 are detected, or by volumetric and gravimetric measurements.

The largest possible bath level 16 is produced by the deepest edge 13' of the converter charge opening 13. A table with data for the maximum bath level 16 as a function of the tilting angle of the steelworks converter 1 is stored in the control system and can be adjusted during start-up (IBN) according to plant characteristics. In order to prevent the melt from pouring out through the converter opening 13 , the maximum possible molten pool level is lowered by an adjustable value, and this is preset as the rated value of the molten pool level by the pouring control device. That is to say in other words: observe the safety distance that the molten pool liquid level 16 leaves the deepest edge 13' of the converter charge opening 13.

The tilting position of the steelworks converter 1 in which the molten steel 6 to be poured out of the tapping hole 17 in the form of a pouring spout 18 is calculated from the current data. This results in a defined position of the pouring jet 18 resulting from the determined tilting position, which brings about the positioning of the receiving container 7 for receiving the molten steel 6 , to be precise under computer control. The steelworks converter 1 is then turned into the tapping start position (cf. FIG. 1 ), the turning angle being approximately 51° in the exemplary embodiment shown.

In order to continuously pour out the molten steel 6, the converter 1 of the steelmaking plant is then continuously turned over under computer control, and the receiving container, that is, the steel ladle 7, is poured according to the changing pouring flow 18 under computer control Tracking is carried out in which the position of the pouring spout 18 is calculated from the tilt angle of the steelworks converter 1 , also under computer control, until the pouring process of the molten steel 6 is completed. This is illustrated by the example shown in Figure 2, where the steelworks converter has an inversion angle of 96.7°.

At the end of the pouring process of the molten steel 6, the tapping hole 17 is closed such as with a locking device with a locking body, which can be removed from the waiting room as described in EP 1 054 068 A2 position in the locked position.

The relationship between the tilting angle of the steelworks converter 1 and the position of the pouring jet 18 or the position of the ladle car 5 is permanently stored in the automation system and adjusted according to the plant characteristics.

During the pouring process of the molten steel 6, fillers can be added to the ladle by means of the charging chute 19 depending on the converter inversion angle of the steelworks converter 1 or in other words depending on the position of the ladle car 5. Steel drum 7. The position of the filling chute 19 is likewise detected by means of a continuous position measuring system and automatically positioned as a function of the position of the receiving container 7 . The filler addition process is initiated either automatically or by an operator.

The molten slag 9 is then poured out through the converter opening 13 and, more precisely, likewise automatically. This is initiated by the operator, after which the steelworks converter 1 is automatically turned in the direction of slag tapping. If reach the position (refer to Fig. 3, turning angle-100 °) that slag begins, then make described steelworks converter 1 continue to turn over with minimum speed all the time, until slag molten liquid 9 flows into by crucible feed opening into the previously prepared Place in the slag tank 10 that puts in place. During this process, the slag car 8 is also positioned automatically depending on the converter tilt angle. The association between the tilting angle and the slag car 8 is likewise stored permanently in the automation system and is likewise adjusted according to the plant characteristics. The slag detection system recognizes the outflow of slag melt 9 .

From this moment on, the discharge regulating device takes over the control of the pouring process. Now according to the pattern stored in the automation system, the converter 1 of the steelworks is continuously or stepwise turned over until the remaining steel is identified by the slag identification system or the maximum pouring overturning angle is reached (cf. 4, flip angle -150°). After reaching the maximum turning angle or when residual steel is detected, the steelworks converter is again automatically straightened.

Claims (13)

1. be used for liquation (9,6) especially slag liquation and/or molten steel (9,6) poured out from turnover metallurgical tank (1) especially steelwork converter (1) and admit the especially method of ladle (7) or slag ladle (10) of container, it is characterized in that following combination of features:

-determine the upturned position of described metallurgical tank (1), the liquation that remains to be poured out in this upturned position (6,9) flows out from described metallurgical tank (1) with the form of watering injected current (18);

The position of watering injected current (18) that-detection produces from the upturned position of determining of metallurgical tank (1);

-with described admittance container (7,10) settle put in place be used for admitting according to determined upturned position from described metallurgical tank (1) generation water injected current (18) and after beginning to pour out

-the injected current (18) that waters that changes corresponding to the flip angle that changes with the casting process that continues that depends on metallurgical tank (1) is followed the tracks of described admittance container (7,10).

2. by the described method of claim 1, it is characterized in that, before determining described upturned position, determine the height of the bath surface (16) in the described metallurgical tank (1) by bath surface measurement mechanism (11).

3. by claim 1 or 2 described methods, it is characterized in that, before determining described upturned position, determine the height of the bath surface (16) in the described metallurgical tank (1) by the calculating of carrying out according to the weight of the internal capacity of described metallurgical tank (1) and liquation (6,9).

4. by the described method of claim 3, it is characterized in that, measure the internal capacity of described metallurgical tank (1) before by means of laser scanner filling in described metallurgical tank (1).

5. by the described method of claim 2, it is characterized in that, measure bath surface (16) in the described metallurgical tank (1) by means of bath surface measurement mechanism (11), the measurement of leaving the distance of measurement mechanism (11) by angle (14) between measurement beam (15) and bath surface (16) and described bath surface (16) is measured or rather.

6. by each described method in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that, for from steelwork converter (1), pouring out molten steel (6) bath surface (16) of slag liquation (9) is determined, wherein under the situation of the bath surface of considering slag liquation (9), determine the upturned position that is used to pour out molten steel (6) of described metallurgical tank (1), make the bath surface (16) of described slag liquation (9) concerning the upturned position of steelwork converter (1) when discharging molten steel (6), be in the safe spacing of the converter material mouth (13) that leaves described steelwork converter (1).

7. by each described method in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that described metallurgical tank (1) is in the upset continuously in the process of pouring out of liquation (6,9).

8. by each described method in the claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that described metallurgical tank (1) is in the upset step by step in the process of pouring out of liquation (6,9).

9. by each described method in the claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that, implement described method by means of computer control system automation ground.

10. by each described method in the claim 1 to 9, it is characterized in that, by charging chute (19) filler is added in the described admittance container (7,10), wherein the admittance container (7,10) that waters injected current (18) and/or followed the tracks of that changes corresponding to the flip angle that changes with the process of pouring out that continues that depends on metallurgical tank (1) is followed the tracks of described charging chute (19).

11. be used for implementing equipment, it is characterized in that following combination of features by each described method of claim 1 to 10:

-metallurgical tank (1), this metallurgical tank (1) are provided with and are used to measure the position-measurement device of flip angle and the control device that affiliated being used to makes this metallurgical tank (1) upset,

-admittance container (7,10), this admittance container (7,10) can move along the direction on the upset plane of described metallurgical tank (1), this admittance container (7,10) has position-measurement device and affiliated being used to makes the mobile control device of this admittance container (7,10)

-be used for the measurement mechanism of the bath surface (16) of the liquation (6,9) of the preferred described metallurgical tank of continuous detecting (1) directly or indirectly, and in case of necessity

-be used to discern the device that tapping finishes, slags tap and begin and remain steel.

12. by the described equipment of claim 11, it is characterized in that, be provided with charging chute for filler being added to admit in the container (7,10), this charging chute is provided with the control device that position that the position-measurement device that is used for the measuring position and affiliated being used to depend on the position of watering injected current (18) and/or described admittance container (7,10) makes described charging chute (19) location.

13., it is characterized in that being used for the meausring apparatus of described admittance container (7,10) by claim 11 or 12 described equipment.

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