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CN101505107A - Low voltage stress single-stage AC-DC converter based on LLC series resonance - Google Patents

Low voltage stress single-stage AC-DC converter based on LLC series resonance Download PDF

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CN101505107A
CN101505107A CNA2009100368332A CN200910036833A CN101505107A CN 101505107 A CN101505107 A CN 101505107A CN A2009100368332 A CNA2009100368332 A CN A2009100368332A CN 200910036833 A CN200910036833 A CN 200910036833A CN 101505107 A CN101505107 A CN 101505107A
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capacitor
diode
switching tube
stage
llc series
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CN101505107B (en
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张波
肖文勋
张桂东
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

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Abstract

本发明提供一种基于LLC串联谐振的低电压应力单级AC-DC变换器,包括由输入滤波电路(E)与整流桥(Q)构成的输入整流滤波电路,由电感(L)、第一开关管(S1)、第三二极管(D)和第一电容(C)构成的升降压电路,由第一二极管(DO1)、第二二极管(DO2)和第三电容(CO)构成的输出整流滤波电路,和由第一开关管(S1)、第二开关管(S2)、第一电容(C)、第二电容(Cr)、变压器(T)以及漏感(Lr)和励磁电感(Lm)构成的LLC串联谐振逆变电路。本发明实现输入功率因数校正,并实现升压和降压功能,具有宽输出电压调节范围,使用较少的开关管,效率高,成本低,可用作LCD电源。

The present invention provides a low-voltage stress single-stage AC-DC converter based on LLC series resonance, which includes an input rectification filter circuit composed of an input filter circuit (E) and a rectifier bridge (Q), and an inductor (L), a first A buck-boost circuit composed of a switch tube (S 1 ), a third diode (D) and a first capacitor (C), consisting of a first diode (D O1 ), a second diode (D O2 ) and The output rectification filter circuit composed of the third capacitor (C O ), and the first switch tube (S 1 ), the second switch tube (S 2 ), the first capacitor (C), the second capacitor (C r ), the transformer (T) and the LLC series resonant inverter circuit composed of leakage inductance (L r ) and magnetizing inductance (L m ). The invention realizes input power factor correction, and realizes voltage boosting and voltage lowering functions, has wide output voltage adjustment range, uses less switching tubes, high efficiency and low cost, and can be used as LCD power supply.

Description

Low voltage stress single-stage AC-DC converter based on the LLC series resonance
Technical field
The present invention relates to the single-stage AC-DC converter technical field, be specifically related to low voltage stress single-stage AC-DC converter based on the LLC series resonance.
Background technology
The LCD power supply extensively adopts the two-stage AC-DC converter based on the LLC series resonance at present, as shown in Figure 1.In this scheme, converter is divided into two independently power delivery levels.The first order is a power factor correction stage, makes input current follow input voltage waveform by specific control strategy, makes the input current sineization to improve power factor, reduces harmonic content.Control circuit also feeds back output voltage simultaneously, and output voltage is carried out initial adjustment.The second level is based on the DC-DC conversion stage of LLC series resonance, and fine tuning is carried out to first order output voltage in the second level, and all switching tubes are all realized soft switch.Two-stage AC-DC converter can obtain good electric property, as High Power Factor, good voltage-regulation performance etc.But the parts number of circuit is many, has increased cost and circuit complexity.
For reducing the cost of two-stage AC-DC converter, multiple single-stage AC-DC converter has been proposed in recent years.Single-stage AC-DC converter is combined into one-level with power factor correction stage and DC-DC conversion stage, common switch pipe, the single-stage AC-DC converter based on the LLC series resonance as shown in Figure 2.Single-stage type AC-DC converter need not increase device for power switching number and control circuit and just can realize the output voltage quick adjustment when realizing power factor correction, has reduced switching device, has simplified the complexity of circuit.General single-stage AC-DC converter just can be realized power factor correction and output voltage regulatory function simultaneously by regulating a switching variable, but switching tube will bear than higher voltage stress, is not suitable for the LCD power supply of wide input ac voltage scope.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the prior art above shortcomings, a kind of low voltage stress single-stage AC-DC converter based on the LLC series resonance be provided, its by the buck conversion stage and based on the DC-DC conversion stage of LLC series resonance in conjunction with and get.The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Based on the low voltage stress single-stage AC-DC converter of LLC series resonance, it comprises input filter circuit E, rectifier bridge Q, inductance L, first capacitor C, second capacitor C r, the 3rd capacitor C O, the first switching tube S 1, second switch pipe S 2, the first diode D O1, the second diode D O2With the 3rd diode D; Input filter circuit E and rectifier bridge Q constitute the input rectifying filter circuit; Inductance L, the first switching tube S 1, the 3rd diode D and first capacitor C constitute step-up/step-down circuit; The first diode D O1, the second diode D O2With the 3rd capacitor C OConstitute output rectifier and filter; One end of inductance L is connected with the common cathode of the negative electrode of the 3rd diode D, rectifier bridge Q; One end of the other end of inductance L and capacitor C, the first switching tube S 1Drain electrode connect; The other end of first capacitor C is connected with the anode of the 3rd diode D, again with second switch pipe S 2Source electrode connect; The first switching tube S 1Source electrode be connected with the common anode of rectifier bridge Q, and then with second switch pipe S 2Drain electrode connect.
Above-mentioned low voltage stress single-stage AC-DC converter based on the LLC series resonance, the described first switching tube S 1With second switch pipe S 2All be integrated with body diode and body capacitance; Transformer T is integrated with leakage inductance L rWith magnetizing inductance L m
Above-mentioned low voltage stress single-stage AC-DC converter based on the LLC series resonance, the described first switching tube S 1, second switch pipe S 2, first capacitor C, second capacitor C r, transformer T and leakage inductance L rWith magnetizing inductance L mConstitute LLC series-resonant inverting circuit; The shared first switching tube S of step-up/step-down circuit and LLC series-resonant inverting circuit 1
Above-mentioned low voltage stress single-stage AC-DC converter based on the LLC series resonance, the first switching tube S 1Drain electrode, an end of inductance L be connected with an end of first capacitor C; The first switching tube S 1Source electrode, second switch pipe S 2The drain electrode and second capacitor C rAn end connect, and then be connected with the common anode of rectifier bridge Q; Second switch pipe S 2Source electrode, the other end and the leakage inductance L of first capacitor C rAn end connect, and then be connected with the anode of the 3rd diode D; Second capacitor C rThe other end be connected with the end of the same name of transformer T.
This circuit is by the control first switching tube S 1Thereby duty ratio make the discontinuous work of the electric current of inductance L realize the function that automatic power factor is proofreaied and correct, thereby the terminal voltage that realizes first capacitor C is simultaneously boosted or the voltage stress of step-down limit switch pipe at range of safety operation.This circuit is by the control first switching tube S 1With second switch pipe S 2Switching frequency regulate output voltage.This circuit adopts the LLC resonant technology to realize the soft switch of all power devices.The present invention realizes the input power factor correction, improves the adjustable range and the input ac voltage scope of application of output voltage, can reduce the voltage stress of switching tube, realizes the soft switch of all power devices, improves conversion efficiency.
Compared with prior art the present invention has following advantage and effect: the low voltage stress single-stage AC-DC converter based on the LLC series resonance of the present invention is realized the function that automatic power factor is proofreaied and correct with the electric current discontinuous conduction mode of inductance L.With inductance L, the first switching tube S 1, the 3rd diode D and first capacitor C constitute step-up/step-down circuit, when this circuit working during in decompression mode the terminal voltage of first capacitor C be lower than input voltage V InAmplitude, thereby can reduce by first capacitor C, the first switching tube S 1With second switch pipe S 2Voltage stress.The first switching tube S 1With second switch pipe S 2, first capacitor C and second capacitor C r, transformer T and the integrated leakage inductance L of T rWith magnetizing inductance L mConstitute LLC series-resonant inverting circuit, realize the soft switch of all switching tubes.Step-up/step-down circuit and LLC series-resonant inverting circuit common switch pipe S 1The present invention realizes the input power factor correction, and realizes boosting and buck functionality, has the wide output voltage adjustable range, uses less switching tubes, the efficient height, and cost is low, can be used as the LCD power supply.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is existing two-stage AC-DC converter based on the LLC series resonance;
Fig. 2 is existing single-stage AC-DC converter based on the LLC series resonance;
Fig. 3 is the low voltage stress single-stage AC-DC converter instance graph based on the LLC series resonance of the present invention;
Fig. 4 a~Fig. 4 i is the process chart of an interior different phase of switch periods in the execution mode;
Fig. 5 is the work wave of the present invention in a switch periods;
Fig. 6 is the main waveform of the present invention under the power frequency pattern;
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiments of the present invention are further described.
Low voltage stress single-stage AC-DC converter based on the LLC series resonance comprises:
Input filter circuit E, rectifier bridge Q, inductance L, capacitor C and CO, two switching tube S 1And S 2, diode D, D O1And D O2, D 1And C 1Be respectively switching tube S 1Integrated body diode and body capacitance, D 2And C 2Be respectively switching tube S 2Integrated body diode and body capacitance, L rAnd L mBe respectively integrated leakage inductance of transformer T and magnetizing inductance;
Input filter circuit E and rectifier bridge Q constitute the input rectifying filter circuit;
Inductance L, switching tube S 1, diode D and capacitor C constitute step-up/step-down circuit;
Switching tube S 1And S 2, capacitor C and C r, transformer T and the integrated leakage inductance L of T rWith magnetizing inductance L mConstitute LLC series-resonant inverting circuit;
Diode D O1, D O2And capacitor C OConstitute output rectifier and filter.
With reference to figure 3, input ac power is powered to the AB end by filter circuit E and rectifier bridge Q, and the AB terminal voltage is a half-sinusoid.Inductance L, switching tube S 1, diode D and capacitor C constitute step-up/step-down circuit.Switching tube S 1And S 2, capacitor C and C r, transformer T and the integrated leakage inductance L of T rWith magnetizing inductance L mConstitute LLC series-resonant inverting circuit.Diode D O1, D O2And capacitor C OConstitute output rectifier and filter.Step-up/step-down circuit and LLC series-resonant inverting circuit common switch pipe S 1One end of inductance L is connected (A end) with the common cathode of the negative electrode of diode D, rectifier bridge Q.One end of the other end of inductance L and capacitor C, switching tube S 1Drain electrode connect.The anode of the other end of capacitor C, diode D, switching tube S 2Source electrode and leakage inductance L rAn end connect.Switching tube S 1Source electrode, S 2Drain electrode, capacitor C rAn end be connected with the common anode (B end) of rectifier bridge Q.Capacitor C rThe other end be connected with the end of the same name of transformer T.The secondary side winding N of transformer T 1Different name end and N 2End of the same name connects, and is connected with negative pole of output end then.N 1End of the same name and diode D O1Anode connect.N 2Different name end and diode D O2Anode connect.D O1Negative electrode and D O2Negative electrode connect, be connected with output head anode then.D 1And C 1Be respectively switching tube S 1Integrated body diode and body capacitance, D 2And C 2Be respectively switching tube S 2Integrated body diode and body capacitance, L rAnd L mBe respectively integrated leakage inductance of transformer T and magnetizing inductance.
Fig. 4 a~Fig. 4 i has provided circuit working process of the present invention, and Fig. 5 has provided the work wave of the present invention in a switch periods, and Fig. 6 provides the main waveform of the present invention under the power frequency pattern.
(1) the circuit working process in a switch periods, respectively corresponding following each stage of Fig. 4 a~Fig. 4 i:
Stage 1 (t 0~t 1): and t 0Moment switching tube S 1And S 2Turn-off inductance L mCurrent i L mWith resonance current i LrEquate transformer primary side current i pBe zero, output is exported rectifier diode D by transformer isolation O1And D O2Instead end output capacitance C partially ODischarge and powering load.Resonance current i LrTo S 2Body capacitance C 2Charging is S simultaneously 1Body capacitance C 1Discharge.Work as C 1When discharge finishes, S 1On body diode D 1Conducting, stage 1 operating state finishes.
Stages 2 (t 1~t 2): t 1Constantly, S 2Turn-off body diode D 1Conducting is S 1The ZVS conducting create conditions.This moment i p=i Lr-i Lm, inductance L mBack electromotive force V LmRise gradually.t 2 'Moment V Lm=nV O, export rectifier diode D this moment O1Conducting, transformer primary side voltage is clamped at nV O, L mIn this voltage lower linear charging, do not participate in resonance.As resonance current i LrRise at 0 o'clock, stages 2 operating state finishes.
Stages 3 (t 2~t 3): S 1Added gate electrode drive signals 2 o'clock stages, at t 2Constantly, resonance current i LrBy negative timing, the S of becoming 1Forward conduction, inductance L is at input voltage V ABThe lower linear charging, output rectifier diode D O1Conducting, transformer primary side voltage is clamped at nV O, L mIn this voltage lower linear charging, do not participate in resonance, energy is delivered to V by capacitor C OWork as i LmEqual resonance current i LrThe time, the stage 3 finishes.
Stages 4 (t 3~t 4): t 3Constantly, i LmEqual resonance current i Lr, L mParticipate in resonance, output rectifier diode D O1Instead end output capacitance C partially ODischarge and powering load.Inductance L continues at input voltage V ABThe lower linear charging.
Stages 5 (t 4~t 5): t 4Constantly, S 1And S 2Turn-off output rectifier diode D O1And D O2Instead end output capacitance C partially ODischarge and powering load, resonance current i LrTo body capacitance C 1Charging is body capacitance C simultaneously 2Discharge.Inductance L is at voltage (V AB-V C1) charging down.Work as C 2When discharge finishes, S 2On body diode D 2Conducting, stages 5 operating state finishes.
Stages 6 (t 5~t 6): t 5Constantly, body diode D 2Conducting is S 2The ZVS conducting create conditions.Inductance L is at voltage V CFollowing discharge is also charged to capacitor C.This moment i p=i Lr-i Lm, inductance L mBack electromotive force V LmRise gradually.t 6 'Moment V Lm=-nV O, export rectifier diode D this moment O2Conducting, transformer primary side voltage is clamped at-nV O, L mThe reverse linear charging does not participate in resonance under this voltage.As resonance current i LrDrop at 0 o'clock, stages 6 operating state finishes.
Stages 7 (t 6~t 7): S 2Added gate electrode drive signals 6 o'clock stages, at t 6Constantly, resonance current i LrWhen just becoming negative, S 2Forward conduction, output rectifier diode D O2Conducting, transformer primary side voltage is clamped at-nV O, L mReverse linear charging under this voltage does not participate in resonance, the resonance current L that flows through mWith the transformer primary side, deliver power to V OInductance L is at voltage V CFollowing continuation discharge is also given storage capacitor C dCharging is as inductive current i LWhen dropping to zero, D instead ends partially, and the stage 7 finishes.
Stages 8 (t 7~t 8): t 7Constantly, inductive current i LWhen dropping to zero, D instead ends partially, and resonance current continues the L that flows through mWith the transformer primary side, deliver power to V OWork as i LmEqual resonance current i LrThe time, the stage 8 finishes.
Stages 9 (t 8~t 9): t 8Constantly, i LmEqual resonance current i Lr, L mParticipate in resonance, output rectifier diode D O2Instead end output capacitance C partially ODischarge and powering load.
(2) operation principle of buck conversion stage
t 2~t 4The stage inductance is at input voltage V ABThe lower linear charging, the increment of electric current is:
Δ i L 1 = V AB L ( t 4 - t 2 ) = V AB L D ON T - - - ( 1 )
D wherein ONBe switching tube S 1The conducting duty ratio, T is a switch periods.
t 4~t 5The stage inductance is at input voltage (V AB-V C1) the lower linear charging, the increment of electric current is:
Δ i L 2 = ∫ t 4 t 5 V AB - V C 1 L dt - - - ( 2 )
t 5~t 6The stage inductance is at input voltage V CThe lower linear discharge, the increment of electric current is:
Δ i L 3 = - V C L ( t 6 - t 5 ) = - V C L T OFF - - - ( 3 )
D wherein OFFIt is the duty ratio of inductance L discharge.
When circuit working in inductive current i LDuring discontinuous mode, Δ i is arranged L1+ Δ i L2=| Δ i L3|.Because t 4~t 5Time in stage is very short, this stage current i LIncrement can ignore, can get thus
V C V AB = D ON D OFF - - - ( 4 )
V ABAmplitude equal power supply V InAmplitude, therefore
V C V in = D ON D OFF - - - ( 5 )
Work as D as can be known by formula (5) OND OFFThe time, V CV InWork as D ON<D OFFThe time, V C<V InCan carry out initial adjustment to the terminal voltage of capacitor C by the control duty ratio, and reduce duty ratio D ONEffectively the terminal voltage of control capacitance C is lower than the input voltage amplitude, thereby has reduced switching tube S 1And S 2Voltage stress.
(3) input power factor correction principle
Because inductive current i LIntermittently, at MOSFET pipe S 1Each conducting phase i LCurrent peak and this conducting phase input voltage V CAB(V CAB=| V In|) mean value proportional, again because the average voltage of each conducting phase is a sinusoidal variations, so the peak value of input current also is a sinusoidal variations.And the inductive current pulse always starts from scratch, so their mean value also is sinusoidal variations, as shown in Figure 6.All alternating current pulses have been formed waveform and have been comprised 50 or first-harmonic and the switching frequency component of 60Hz frequency, through L In, C InFilter circuit E gets Sinusoidal Input Currents i Lin

Claims (4)

1、基于LLC串联谐振的低电压应力单级AC-DC变换器,其特征在于包括输入滤波电路(E),整流桥(Q),电感(L),第一电容(C),第二电容(Cr),第三电容(CO),第一开关管(S1),第二开关管(S2),第一二极管(DO1),第二二极管(DO2)和第三二极管(D);输入滤波电路(E)与整流桥(Q)构成输入整流滤波电路;电感(L)、第一开关管(S1)、第三二极管(D)和第一电容(C)构成升降压电路;第一二极管(DO1)、第二二极管(DO2)和第三电容(CO)构成输出整流滤波电路;电感(L)的一端与第三二极管(D)的阴极、整流桥(Q)的共阴极连接;电感(L)的另一端与电容(C)的一端、第一开关管(S1)的漏极连接;第一电容(C)的另一端与第三二极管(D)的阳极连接,再与第二开关管(S2)的源极连接;第一开关管(S1)的源极与整流桥(Q)的共阳极连接,然后再与第二开关管(S2)的漏极连接。1. A low voltage stress single-stage AC-DC converter based on LLC series resonance, characterized in that it includes an input filter circuit (E), a rectifier bridge (Q), an inductor (L), a first capacitor (C), and a second capacitor (C r ), the third capacitor (C O ), the first switch (S 1 ), the second switch (S 2 ), the first diode (D O1 ), the second diode (D O2 ) and the third diode (D); the input filter circuit (E) and the rectifier bridge (Q) constitute the input rectification filter circuit; the inductor (L), the first switching tube (S 1 ), the third diode (D) and the first capacitor (C) form a buck-boost circuit; the first diode (D O1 ), the second diode (D O2 ) and the third capacitor (C O ) form an output rectification filter circuit; the inductor (L) One end of the inductor (L) is connected to the cathode of the third diode (D) and the common cathode of the rectifier bridge (Q); the other end of the inductor (L) is connected to one end of the capacitor (C) and the drain of the first switching tube (S 1 ) connection; the other end of the first capacitor (C) is connected to the anode of the third diode (D), and then connected to the source of the second switching tube (S 2 ); the source of the first switching tube (S 1 ) It is connected with the common anode of the rectifier bridge (Q), and then connected with the drain of the second switch tube (S 2 ). 2、根据权利要求1所述的基于LLC串联谐振的低电压应力单级AC-DC变换器,其特征在于,所述第一开关管(S1)和第二开关管(S2)均集成有体二极管和体电容;变压器(T)集成有漏感(Lr)和励磁电感(Lm)。2. The low voltage stress single-stage AC-DC converter based on LLC series resonance according to claim 1, characterized in that, the first switching tube (S 1 ) and the second switching tube (S 2 ) are integrated There are body diodes and body capacitance; the transformer (T) integrates leakage inductance (L r ) and magnetizing inductance (L m ). 3、根据权利要求2所述的基于LLC串联谐振的低电压应力单级AC-DC变换器,其特征在于,第一开关管(S1)、第二开关管(S2)、第一电容(C)、第二电容(Cr)、变压器(T)以及漏感(Lr)和励磁电感(Lm)构成LLC串联谐振逆变电路;升降压电路与LLC串联谐振逆变电路共用第一开关管(S1)。3. The low voltage stress single-stage AC-DC converter based on LLC series resonance according to claim 2, characterized in that the first switching tube (S 1 ), the second switching tube (S 2 ), the first capacitor (C), the second capacitor (C r ), the transformer (T), the leakage inductance (L r ) and the excitation inductance (L m ) constitute the LLC series resonant inverter circuit; the buck-boost circuit is shared with the LLC series resonant inverter circuit The first switching tube (S 1 ). 4、根据权利要求3所述的基于LLC串联谐振的低电压应力单级AC-DC变换器,其特征在于,第一开关管(S1)的漏极、电感(L)的一端与第一电容(C)的一端连接;第一开关管(S1)的源极、第二开关管(S2)的漏极与第二电容(Cr)的一端连接,然后再与整流桥(Q)的共阳极连接;第二开关管(S2)的源极、第一电容(C)的另一端与漏感(Lr)的一端连接,然后再与第三二极管(D)的阳极连接;第二电容(Cr)的另一端与变压器(T)的同名端连接。4. The low voltage stress single-stage AC-DC converter based on LLC series resonance according to claim 3, characterized in that the drain of the first switch (S 1 ), one end of the inductor (L) and the first One end of the capacitor (C) is connected; the source of the first switch (S 1 ), the drain of the second switch (S 2 ) are connected to one end of the second capacitor (C r ), and then connected to the rectifier bridge (Q ) common anode connection; the source of the second switching tube (S 2 ), the other end of the first capacitor (C) is connected to one end of the leakage inductance (L r ), and then connected to the third diode (D) The anode is connected; the other end of the second capacitor (C r ) is connected to the same-named end of the transformer (T).
CN2009100368332A 2009-01-20 2009-01-20 Low voltage stress single-stage AC-DC converter based on LLC series resonance Expired - Fee Related CN101505107B (en)

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