CN101503713B - Fermentation / distillation integrated technique apparatus for producing alcohol from sugar - Google Patents
Fermentation / distillation integrated technique apparatus for producing alcohol from sugar Download PDFInfo
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- CN101503713B CN101503713B CN2009100797821A CN200910079782A CN101503713B CN 101503713 B CN101503713 B CN 101503713B CN 2009100797821 A CN2009100797821 A CN 2009100797821A CN 200910079782 A CN200910079782 A CN 200910079782A CN 101503713 B CN101503713 B CN 101503713B
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
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- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
- C12M21/16—Solid state fermenters, e.g. for koji production
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M33/00—Means for introduction, transport, positioning, extraction, harvesting, peeling or sampling of biological material in or from the apparatus
- C12M33/20—Ribbons
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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Abstract
The invention discloses an integral fuel-ethanol production process based on saccharide raw materials, and a device thereof, which belongs to the technical field of biomass liquid fuel production. The technical process comprises the following steps: grinding saccharide crops and allowing the ground saccharide crops to enter a device integrating solid-state fermentation, ethanol gas extraction and pneumatic dregs drying; mixing the ground material with high-yield ethanol yeast liquid and completing fermentation in anaerobic environment under the condition of transmitting strengthening heat mass; separating the ethanol through gas extraction; and drying dregs rotated in a tube body of a fermentor through gas flow and discharging the dregs out of the fermentor. The invention has the advantages of simplifying the process flow of producing the ethanol through solid fermentation, realizing high-degree technical integration, transforming fermentable sugar in the ground material to the utmost extent, efficiently extracting the ethanol in solid fermentation materials, utilizing flue gas and superheated steam (CO2 or heated dry air) to separate the ethanol, utilizing the flue gas (or the heated dry air) to dry the dregs, saving material-conveying time, reducing energy consumption and embodying that a solid fermentation method for producing fuel ethanol has the advantages of high net energy ratio and low environmental load.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the biomass liquid fuel production technical field, particularly based on saccharic crop (sweet sorghum, sugarcane, beet, jerusalem artichoke etc.) solid state fermentation, alcohol-slag gas is carried and the slag air stream drying that is pickled with grains or in wine is produced the integral process and the device of alcohol fuel.
Background technology
The internationally recognized biofuel that has only can substitute traditional fossil oil on a large scale at transport field.Present stage is alcohol fuel output maximum in the world, also is the first-selected product of development biomass energy.Grain alcohol is not suitable for China's national situation, and can replace grain-production alcoholic acid agricultural-forestry biomass resource very abundant, and a year recoverable amount reaches 700,000,000 tons, but still there is technical bottleneck at present in the cellulose ethanol transformation technology, is difficult to really realize commercialization in a short time.For implementing the industrial development principles on " grain out of question, ground out of question ", the positive active development non-grain raw material of China (sweet sorghum, sugarcane, cassava etc.) is produced the alcohol fuel technology.
Sweet sorghum becomes international first-selected energy crop with the advantage of its high sugar degree, has obtained extensive approval in many national sweet sorghum alcohol production.Though sweet sorghum can establishing in large scale, sweet sorghum is converted into the alcoholic acid technology but never realizes commercially producing.Primary target is Technological Economy now, and promptly reducing production costs as far as possible makes sweet sorghum ethanol and gas price have competitive power.
Sweet sorghum stalk is produced ethanol and is mainly adopted solid-state and liquid two kinds of fermentation modes at present.Liquid fermentation method normally extracts the multistage squeezing of bright sweet sorghum stalk juice and carries out liquid state fermentation.The shortcoming of this method is that the fermentable sugars branch fails to be used in the stalk slag; Simultaneously, syrup concentrates the sterilization storage and needs to consume a large amount of steam; The syrup thin up carries out ethanol fermentation, and wastewater flow rate is big, energy consumption is high and productive rate is low, and these problems make the method industrial fermentation of squeezing the juice produce relatively difficulty of ethanol.
It is that sweet Chinese sorghum pole is pulverized back direct fermentation that solid state fermentation is produced alcohol fuel, has fundamentally overcome the congenital deficiency of liquid state fermentation, has reduced the requirement to raw materials pretreatment intensity, and has significantly improved ethanol yield.But because the conventional solid-state fermentation method adopts " ferment pond formula " wine-making technology, fermentation period is longer; Because tunning is solid-state material, need to adopt " rice steamer bucket " to heat up in a steamer wine and cross the vapour condensation technology and can only periodical operation, labour intensity is big; The thick alcoholic solution of the following different wine degree of 70% (v/v) that obtains needs a large amount of heating steam and heat-eliminating medium.These problems cause production cost high, can't realize that commercialization operates on a large scale.Person more very, traditional solid distil process is not all having deep research aspect theoretical and the mechanism.
At (the publication number: CN101220378) and " a kind of method and system " (publication number: on basis CN101085995) of invention " a kind of prepare the alcoholic acid method and system " before based on the sweet sorghum stalk solid ferment material separating alcohol based on the sweet sorghum stalk solid fermentation, the present invention has carried out optimizing and combining and having realized that to technology and the equipment of producing alcohol fuel based on the solid state fermentation of saccharic crop the height technology is integrated, can significantly reduce production costs and energy efficient.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order fundamentally to solve in the current fuel ethanol production based on the saccharic crop, the problems such as pre-treatment energy consumption height, fermentation period is long, environmental pollution is serious of squeezing the juice of liquid state fermentation mode and conventional solid-state zymotechnique labour intensity is big, efficient is low, be difficult to realize defectives such as mechanize, and a kind of solid state fermentation, alcohol-slag gas carry and be pickled with grains or in wine slag air stream drying integral process and device are provided, it is characterized in that described technology comprises the steps:
1) dynamically charging: the saccharic crop comprises sweet sorghum, sugarcane, beet, jerusalem artichoke, its stem stalk is obtained thread pulverizing material after the fragmentation of stripping leaf, pulverize material and be transported to feeding warehouse, rely on pusher reel, horizontal solid-state fermenter cylindrical shell tilting rotary table and flight elevate a turnable ladder to make to pulverize that material enters horizontal solid-state fermenter automatically and uniform distribution to greatest extent in fermentor tank through belt; Wherein an end of pusher reel links to each other with feeding warehouse, and the other end links to each other with the opening for feed of horizontal solid-state fermenter; The cylindrical shell that reducing motor and electrical control system drive horizontal solid-state fermenter rotates;
2) solid state fermentation: cultured high-yield ethanol yeast liquid is through bacterium liquid vent pipe, swivel joint, sleeve pipe stream in the seeding tank, go into horizontal solid-state fermenter by the air force feed, spray by the bacterium liquid shower that is fixed in fermentor tank cylindrical shell top, make simultaneously and pulverize the material rotation, realize that material-liquid mixes, under anaerobic environment and reinforcement caloic condition of transmitting, the fermentable sugars branch is converted into ethanol and CO by high-yield ethanol yeast
2, and in time with CO
2Through CO
2Venting port is discharged with the forced fermentation process; Wherein the ethanol yeast is preserved and is numbered CGMCC, No.1949;
3) alcohol-slag separates: solid state fermentation finishes the back in same device, introduce CO2, heated dry air or superheated vapour through swivel joint, sleeve pipe stream, under fermentor tank cylindrical shell revolution and flight effect, expect efficiently to contact with fermentation, strengthen the caloic transmission, carry by gas and to make that ethanol changes gas phase or vapour phase in the fermentation material, ethanol gas is sent to the ethanol that rectifying tower prepares 95.5% (v/v) through the terminal ethanol collection assembly of solid-state fermenter as gas phase, or obtains the thick alcoholic solution of average 30～40% (v/v) through spiral plate condenser and thick pure collection device;
(4) poor slag air stream drying: after gas is carried separating alcohol, with horizontal solid-state fermenter as pneumatic conveying dryer, through swivel joint, sleeve pipe stream stack gas or heated dry air are sprayed into vertically, by revolution of fermentor tank cylindrical shell and flight elevate a turnable ladder poor slag is fully contacted with thermal medium, hot and humid gas is drawn by the hot and humid gas relief outlet, thereby realizes poor slag rapid drying;
(5) dynamically discharging: moisture is lower than 17% dried feed and goes out jar automatically by revolution of fermentor tank cylindrical shell and flight, is sent to herbvore feed of subsequent granulation unit preparation or biosolids fuel by the dried feed relief outlet.
Described solid state fermentation, alcohol-slag gas are carried and the slag air stream drying integrated apparatus that is pickled with grains or in wine comprises: pulverizer 1, belt conveyor 3, feeding warehouse 4, pusher reel 5, seeding tank 6, bacterium liquid vent pipe 7, horizontal solid-state fermenter 8, flight 9, swivel joint 10, sleeve pipe stream 11, bacterium liquid shower 12, reducing motor and electrical control system 13, dried feed outlet 14, CO
2Venting port 15, ethanol collection assembly 16, spiral-plate heat exchanger 17, thick pure collection device 18, hot and humid gas relief outlet 19 Hes, rectifying tower 20; Wherein an end of pusher reel 5 links to each other with feeding warehouse 4, and the other end links to each other with the opening for feed of horizontal solid-state fermenter 8; The cylindrical shell that reducing motor and electrical control system 13 drive horizontal solid-state fermenter 8 rotates;
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: (1) finishes solid state fermentation in single-revolution solid-state fermenter device, alcohol-slag gas is carried and the slag air stream drying process that is pickled with grains or in wine, simplify technical process, realize that the height technology is integrated, and can transform fermentable sugars in the pulverizing material, the ethanol in the high efficiency extraction solid fermentation material to greatest extent; (2) by cylindrical shell revolution and the effect of flight elevate a turnable ladder, strengthen mixing of materials, heat and mass, strengthen the bacterial classification transport property, effectively utilize fermentable sugars to divide and minimizing ethanol volatilization loss, improve the ethanol actual recovery; (3) save the mass transport time and cut down the consumption of energy, embody the advantage that solid state fermentation is produced high net energy ratio of alcohol fuel and low environmental load.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 produces the integral process flow process and the device synoptic diagram of alcohol fuel for saccharine material.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
As shown in Figure 1, the integral process flow process of described saccharine material production alcohol fuel is as follows:
1. dynamically charging: with the sorgo stem leaf-peeling after pulverizer 1 broken back obtains thread pulverizing material 2, pulverize material 2 and be transported to feeding warehouse 4, rely on the cylindrical shell tilting rotary table of pusher reel 5, horizontal solid-state fermenter 8 and flight 9 elevate a turnable ladders to make to pulverize that material 2 enters horizontal solid-state fermenter 8 automatically and uniform distribution to greatest extent in fermentor tank 8 through belt conveyor 3; Wherein an end of pusher reel 5 links to each other with feeding warehouse 4, and the other end links to each other with the opening for feed of horizontal solid-state fermenter 8; The cylindrical shell that reducing motor and electrical control system 13 drive horizontal solid-state fermenter 8 rotates;
2. solid state fermentation: cultured high-yield ethanol yeast liquid is through bacterium liquid vent pipe 7, swivel joint 10, sleeve pipe stream 11 in the seeding tank 6, go into horizontal solid-state fermenter 8 by the air force feed, spray by the bacterium liquid shower 12 that is fixed in fermentor tank 8 cylindrical shell tops, make simultaneously and pulverize material 2 rotations, realize that material-liquid mixes, under anaerobic environment and reinforcement caloic condition of transmitting, the fermentable sugars branch is converted into ethanol and CO by high-yield ethanol yeast
2, and in time with CO
2Through CO
2Venting port 15 is discharged with the forced fermentation process;
3. alcohol-slag separates: solid state fermentation finishes the back in same device, introduce heated dry air through swivel joint 10, sleeve pipe stream 11, under revolution of the cylindrical shell of fermentor tank 8 and flight 9 effects, expect efficiently to contact with fermentation, strengthen the caloic transmission, carry by gas and to make that ethanol changes gas (vapour) phase in the fermentation material, ethanol gas is sent to the ethanol that rectifying tower 20 prepares 95.5% (v/v) through the ethanol collection assembly 16 of solid-state fermenter 8 ends as gas-phase feed, or obtains the thick alcoholic solution of average 30～40% (v/v) through spiral-plate heat exchanger 17 and thick pure collection device 18;
4. poor slag air stream drying: after gas is carried separating alcohol, with horizontal solid-state fermenter 8 as pneumatic conveying dryer, through swivel joint 10, sleeve pipe stream 11 stack gas is sprayed into vertically, cylindrical shell revolution by fermentor tank 8 makes poor slag fully contact with thermal medium with flight 9 elevate a turnable ladders, hot and humid gas is drawn by hot and humid gas relief outlet 19, thereby realizes poor slag rapid drying;
5. dynamically discharging: moisture is lower than 17% dried feed and goes out jar automatically by the cylindrical shell revolution and the flight 9 of fermentor tank 8, exports 14 by dried feed and is sent to the subsequent granulation unit and prepares herbvore granulated feed or biosolids fuel.
Embodiment 1
Adopt the rice steamer barreled to put (height 13.7cm, diameter 15.7cm), gas (vapour) is carried separating alcohol from sorgo stalk solid fermentation material.Continue to use the gradient feed way difference amount fermentation material is experimentized, determined that the suitableeest adding fill height and thermal medium (heated dry air, CO
2And 3.5kg/cm
2Superheated vapour) flow rate, fume (vapour) is collected after the spiral-plate heat exchanger condensation.For example, optimizing under the operating mode, single batch adds 300～600g fermentation material (moisture concentration 70～85%, ethanol mass concentration 5～10%), be thermophore with the heated dry air, under 85～95 ℃, carry out, it is 40～80min that gas is carried the time, the ethanol volumetric concentration is 15～35% in the gaseous condensate, and the ethanol volumetric concentration is lower than 0.5% in the poor slag, and actual ethanol yield is in 88～95% scopes.
Embodiment 2
At the 50L of independent research revolving horizontal drum solid state fermentation/distillation integrated apparatus (diameter 300mm, length 700mm) in, the continuous gas of ethanol (vapour) in the fermentation material is carried and poor slag drying has been carried out multiple batches of test, adopted the telescoping swivel joint to be implemented in the fermentor tank cylindrical shell rotation process gaseous state thermal medium and be back to back.For example, behind the sorgo stalk solid fermentation with hot CO
2Recommend matter for gas and reclaim ethanol, (the moisture concentration packing factor is 0.3～0.7 to solid-state fermentation material, flow rate 2～8L/min, 80～105 ℃ of temperature, alcohol vapour is by the condensation of spiral plate high-performance heat exchanger, and it is 90～120min that gas is carried the time, ethanol volumetric concentration 10～60% in the phlegma, the ethanol volumetric concentration is lower than 0.2%, actual ethanol yield 85～94% in the poor slag.Continuation is with hot CO
2(simulated flue gas) is drying medium, and poor slag is carried out dynamic drying, and through 60～180min, moisture concentration is lower than 20% in the solid-state poor slag, is fit to extrusion molding as herbvore feed or biosolids fuel.
Claims (2)
1. a saccharic crop solid state fermentation, alcohol-slag gas are carried and the slag air stream drying that is pickled with grains or in wine is produced the integral process of alcohol fuel, it is characterized in that employing comprises: pulverizer (1), belt conveyor (3), feeding warehouse (4), pusher reel (5), seeding tank (6), bacterium liquid vent pipe (7), horizontal solid-state fermenter (8), flight (9), swivel joint (10), sleeve pipe stream (11), bacterium liquid shower (12), reducing motor and electrical control system (13), dried feed outlet (14), CO
2Venting port (15), ethanol collection assembly (16), spiral-plate heat exchanger (17), thick pure collection device (18), the integral process device of hot and humid gas relief outlet (19) and rectifying tower (20), described technology comprises the steps:
1) dynamically charging: the saccharic crop comprises sweet sorghum, sugarcane, beet, jerusalem artichoke, its stem stalk is obtained thread pulverizing material after the fragmentation of stripping leaf, pulverize material and be transported to feeding warehouse, rely on pusher reel, horizontal solid-state fermenter cylindrical shell tilting rotary table and flight elevate a turnable ladder to make to pulverize that material enters horizontal solid-state fermenter automatically and uniform distribution to greatest extent in fermentor tank through belt; Wherein an end of pusher reel links to each other with feeding warehouse, and the other end links to each other with the opening for feed of horizontal solid-state fermenter; The cylindrical shell that reducing motor and electrical control system drive horizontal solid-state fermenter rotates;
2) solid state fermentation: cultured high-yield ethanol yeast liquid is through bacterium liquid vent pipe, swivel joint, sleeve pipe stream in the seeding tank, go into horizontal solid-state fermenter by the air force feed, spray by the bacterium liquid shower that is fixed in fermentor tank cylindrical shell top, make simultaneously and pulverize the material rotation, realize that material-liquid mixes, under anaerobic environment and reinforcement caloic condition of transmitting, the fermentable sugars branch is converted into ethanol and CO by high-yield ethanol yeast
2, and in time with CO
2Through CO
2Venting port is discharged with the forced fermentation process; Wherein the preservation of high-yield ethanol yeast is numbered CGMCCNo.1949;
3) alcohol-slag separates: solid state fermentation finishes the back in same device, introduce CO2, heated dry air or superheated vapour through swivel joint, sleeve pipe stream, under fermentor tank cylindrical shell revolution and flight effect, expect efficiently to contact with fermentation, strengthen the caloic transmission, carry by gas and to make that ethanol changes gas phase or vapour phase in the fermentation material, ethanol gas is sent to the ethanol that rectifying tower prepares 95.5% (v/v) through the terminal ethanol collection assembly of solid-state fermenter as gas phase, or obtains the thick alcoholic solution of average 30～40% (v/v) through spiral plate condenser and thick pure collection device;
4) poor slag air stream drying: after gas is carried separating alcohol, with horizontal solid-state fermenter as pneumatic conveying dryer, through swivel joint, sleeve pipe stream stack gas or heated dry air are sprayed into vertically, by revolution of fermentor tank cylindrical shell and flight elevate a turnable ladder poor slag is fully contacted with thermal medium, hot and humid gas is drawn by the hot and humid gas relief outlet, thereby realizes poor slag rapid drying;
5) dynamically discharging: moisture is lower than 17% dried feed and goes out jar automatically by revolution of fermentor tank cylindrical shell and flight elevate a turnable ladder, is sent to the subsequent granulation unit by the dried feed relief outlet and prepares herbvore granulated feed or biosolids fuel.
2. the device of the described integral process of claim 1 comprises: pulverizer (1), belt conveyor (3), feeding warehouse (4), pusher reel (5), seeding tank (6), bacterium liquid vent pipe (7), horizontal solid-state fermenter (8), flight (9), swivel joint (10), sleeve pipe stream (11), bacterium liquid shower (12), reducing motor and electrical control system (13), dried feed outlet (14), CO
2Venting port (15), ethanol collection assembly (16), spiral-plate heat exchanger (17), thick pure collection device (18), hot and humid gas relief outlet (19) and rectifying tower (20); It is characterized in that an end of described pusher reel (5) links to each other with feeding warehouse (4), the other end links to each other with the opening for feed of horizontal solid-state fermenter (8); The cylindrical shell that reducing motor and electrical control system (13) drive horizontal solid-state fermenter (8) rotates; Described swivel joint (10) and sleeve pipe stream (11) comprise the multithread road, allow bacterium liquid, superheated vapour, heated dry air or stack gas continous-stable under horizontal solid-state fermenter (8) rotation condition to go into jar.
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| CN101503713B true CN101503713B (en) | 2011-12-28 |
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Cited By (1)
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| WO2017161477A1 (en) * | 2016-03-21 | 2017-09-28 | 清华大学 | Low-carbon and environmentally friendly sugar manufacturing method based on cane sugar alcohol co-production |
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| CN101845462A (en) * | 2010-05-27 | 2010-09-29 | 山西金绿禾燕麦研究所 | Method for producing alcohol by using stalks of jerusalem artichoke as raw material and adopting immobilized yeast fermentation of inulin |
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| WO2017161477A1 (en) * | 2016-03-21 | 2017-09-28 | 清华大学 | Low-carbon and environmentally friendly sugar manufacturing method based on cane sugar alcohol co-production |
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