Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides novel surface modified nano silicon dioxide by anchoring a perfluoroalkoxy group to the surface of nano silicon dioxide by a chemical method and simultaneously carrying out acrylic ester functionalization on silanol hydroxyl on the surface of the nano silicon dioxide.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the surface modified nano silicon dioxide.
The invention also provides a silicon-containing fluorine-containing acrylic resin coating, namely, the surface modified nano silicon dioxide is added into the acrylic resin coating, so that the coating has the effects of nano silicon dioxide and fluorine-containing organic groups, and the coating is endowed with excellent hardness, oil resistance, water resistance and stain resistance. Furthermore, the compatibility of the coating can be adjusted according to actual needs.
A surface modified nano silicon dioxide is prepared by carrying out acrylate functionalization and perfluoroalkoxy modification reaction on surface silanol hydroxyl of the nano silicon dioxide by a compound A and a compound B;
wherein,
the structural general formula of the compound A is as follows:
in the formula: r1Is H or CH3;
The structural general formula of the compound B is as follows:
in the formula: x is S or NH
RfThe general structural formula is as follows:
in the formula: n is 1, 2 or 3
After the modification reaction, through covalently bonding to the surface modified nano-silica RfThe molar ratio of the groups to the acrylate groups is 1:1 to 1: 20. The molar ratio can be adjusted appropriately depending on the compatibility of the coating components and the different requirements for oil and water resistance and surface hardness of the coating film. If the coating film is required to have high water and oil resistance and surface hardness, the feed ratio of the compound B can be properly increased in the preparation process, so that the R covalently bonded to the surface modified nano-silicafThe relative amount of groups is somewhat higher; but if R isfToo high a relative amount of groups may result in too poor compatibility of the surface-modified nanosilica with the acrylate resin coating.
The reaction scheme for preparing the nano-silica with the acrylate functionalization and the perfluoroalkoxy group surface modification is shown in the attached figure 1, and the specific preparation process is as follows: sequentially placing nano silicon dioxide, an organic solvent, water, a compound A and a compound B into a container to be mixed, wherein the weight ratio of the nano silicon dioxide to the compound A to the compound B is (20-30) to (5-15) to (2-10); and then adding a hydrochloric acid solution to adjust the pH value to 4-5, heating to 70-80 ℃, stirring, reacting for 3-4 hours, and cooling to obtain a milky jelly product.
Wherein,
the commercially available nano-silica is selected, and the nano-silica with the particle size of 5-25 nm is preferably adopted, because the over-large particles of the nano-silica can cause uneven mixing and over-small surface area.
The organic solvent is at least one of isopropanol, ethylene glycol, glycerol and ethylene glycol monomethyl ether.
The structural general formula of the compound A is as follows:
in the formula: r1Is H or CH3;
The compound A can be directly prepared from commercial products or synthesized by conventional chemical methods, and one of the specific preparation schemes is as follows: the allyl (meth) acrylate is subjected to addition reaction with alkoxy hydrosilane to obtain H2PtCl6The reaction is carried out at 50-60 ℃ by taking the/i-PrOH as a catalyst and 2, 5-di-tert-butylhydroquinone as a polymerization inhibitor.
The structural general formula of the compound B is as follows:
in the formula: x is S or NH
RfThe general structural formula is as follows:
in the formula: n is 1, 2 or 3;
compound B can be prepared from compound C and compound D according to the following reaction scheme:
r in Compound CfWith R in the compound BfThe same definition is applied. X in compound D is as defined for X in compound B.
In the present invention, compound C is available from Kjeldahl group, Zhejiang.
The compound D is 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane or 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane. Compound D can also be replaced by other alkoxysilane analogues, such as: 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane or 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, etc.
The specific procedure for preparing compound B is as follows:
mixing equimolar compound C and compound D, diluting with a small amount of solvent (such as anhydrous ether), reacting for 2-3 hours under slow reflux condition, and evaporating to remove the solvent to obtain compound B, wherein the product is colorless transparent liquid.
A silicon-containing fluorine-containing acrylic resin coating comprises the following components: the surface modified nano-silica of the invention, the monofunctional (meth) acrylate, the acrylate containing at least 2 acrylate groups, the alcohol solvent and the initiator are described above.
The silicon-containing fluorine-containing acrylic resin coating comprises the following components in parts by weight:
2-20 parts of surface modified nano silicon dioxide
20-80 parts of monofunctional (methyl) acrylate
5-20 parts of acrylate containing at least 2 acrylate groups
2-20 parts of alcohol solvent
2-10 parts of an initiator;
preferably, the composition of the silicon-containing fluorine-containing acrylic resin coating is as follows: (in parts by weight)
5-15 parts of surface modified nano silicon dioxide
40-80 parts of monofunctional (methyl) acrylate
5-15 parts of acrylate containing at least 2 acrylate groups
5-10 parts of alcohol solvent
2-5 parts of an initiator.
In the present invention, the monofunctional (meth) acrylate plays a main role in dilution in the system, and it also plays a dominant role in dissolution of the photoinitiator and flexibility of the cured film, and is preferably at least one of methyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, isodecyl (meth) acrylate, and monofunctional aliphatic urethane acrylate (e.g., Gencure PUA550/565/569/5126/5127/5129 may be used), and is more preferably at least one of isodecyl acrylate, and monofunctional aliphatic urethane acrylate (e.g., Gencure PUA569 may be used).
In the present invention, the acrylate containing at least 2 acrylate groups is preferably an acrylate containing 2 or 3 acrylate groups, such as: tripropylene glycol diacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, bisphenol A epoxy diacrylate (e.g., EBECRYL 600, EBECRYL 605 available from UCB, Belgium), aromatic urethane diacrylate (e.g., EBECRYL 210 available from UCB, Belgium), aliphatic urethane diacrylate (e.g., EBECRYL 270 available from UCB, Belgium), and trimethylolpropane triacrylate; more preferably at least one of tripropylene glycol diacrylate and trimethylolpropane triacrylate.
In the invention, the alcohol solvent is at least one of isopropanol, glycol, glycerol and ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, and the content of the alcohol solvent is determined according to the compatibility of each component of the coating and the coating construction requirement.
In the present invention, the initiator is a variety of commercially available initiators, preferably a commercially available radical photoinitiator, such as: 2-phenylbenzyl-2-dimethylamine-1- (4-morpholinophenyl) butanone (Irgacure 369), 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl methanone (Irgacure 184) or 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-propanone (Darocur 1173), preferably Irgacure 184. The initiators are all produced by Ciba.
The fluorine-containing and silicon-containing acrylic resin coating can be obtained by using a conventional method after uniformly mixing the surface-modified nano-silica, the monofunctional acrylate monomer, the acrylate containing at least 2 acrylate groups, the alcohol solvent and the initiator in proportion.
The fluorine-containing and silicon-containing acrylic resin coating can form a coating film with excellent oil resistance, water resistance, stain resistance, surface hardness and good surface glossiness after being rapidly cured by heating, ultraviolet irradiation or electron beam irradiation.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1:
0.5 mol of the molecular formula:
the compound C (manufacturer: Zhejiang university group Co.) and 0.5 mol of 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (compound D) were mixed in a round-bottomed flask, diluted with a small amount of anhydrous ether, reacted for 2 hours under slow reflux conditions, and the solvent was distilled off to obtain a compound having the formula:
the product of Compound B of (1) is a colorless transparent liquid.
According to the weight parts, 23 parts of silicon dioxide (manufacturer: Zhejiang Wanjing materials Co., Ltd.) with the particle size of 5-25 nm, 21 parts of isopropanol, 9 parts of water, 10 parts of 3- (methacryloyloxy) propyl trimethoxy silane (compound A) and 4 parts of the compound B obtained in the above step are put into a three-mouth bottle, then diluted hydrochloric acid solution is added to adjust the pH value to 4-5, stirring is carried out at 75 ℃, and after reaction for 3 hours, cooling is carried out to obtain the acrylate functionalized and perfluoroalkoxy surface modified nano silicon dioxide, wherein the product is a milky white colloid.
The surface-modified nano-silica is prepared from 5 parts by weight of the surface-modified nano-silica, 40 parts by weight of isodecyl acrylate, 30 parts by weight of monofunctional aliphatic urethane acrylate (PUA569), 15 parts by weight of trimethylolpropane triacrylate, 5 parts by weight of isopropanol and 5 parts by weight of Irgacure 184. The components are uniformly mixed to obtain the silicon-containing fluorine-containing acrylic resin coating.
The coating is coated on a flat glass slide, the coating thickness is 130-150 mu m, and the coating is irradiated by ultraviolet rays (the wavelength is 254nm, the power is 240 mW/cm)2) And irradiating for 20s to form the silicon-containing fluorine-containing acrylic resin coating film.
Example 2:
3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (compound D) in example 1 was replaced with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (compound D) under the same conditions as in example 1 to give a compound of the formula:
the compound B and corresponding acrylic ester functionalized and perfluoroalkoxy surface modified nano silicon dioxide.
A silicon-containing fluorine-containing acrylic resin coating was prepared in the same manner as in example 1 and cured by irradiation with light to form a silicon-containing fluorine-containing acrylic resin coating film.
Example 3:
3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (Compound D) was used in place of 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (Compound D) in example 1, and the other conditions were the same as in example 1, to prepare a compound having the formula:
the compound B and corresponding acrylic ester functionalized and perfluoroalkoxy surface modified nano silicon dioxide.
A silicon-containing fluorine-containing acrylic resin coating was prepared in the same manner as in example 1 and cured by irradiation with light to form a silicon-containing fluorine-containing acrylic resin coating film.
Example 4:
0.5 mol of a compound of the formula
The compound C (manufacturer: Zhejiang university group Co.) and 0.5 mol of 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (compound D) were mixed in a round-bottomed flask, diluted with a small amount of anhydrous ether, reacted for 2 hours under slow reflux conditions, and the solvent was distilled off to obtain a compound having the formula:
the product of Compound B of (1) is a colorless transparent liquid.
According to parts by weight, 20 parts of silicon dioxide (manufacturer: Zhejiang Wanjing materials Co., Ltd.) with the particle size of 5-25 nm, 21 parts of isopropanol, 9 parts of water, 12 parts of 3- (methacryloyloxy) propyl trimethoxy silane (compound A) and 5 parts of the compound B obtained in the previous step are placed into a three-mouth bottle, then diluted hydrochloric acid solution is added to adjust the pH value to 4-5, stirring is carried out at 75 ℃, and after reaction for 3 hours, cooling is carried out to obtain the acrylate functionalized and perfluoroalkoxy surface modified nano silicon dioxide, wherein the product is a milky white colloid.
A silicon-containing fluorine-containing acrylic resin coating was prepared in the same manner as in example 1 and cured by irradiation with light to form a silicon-containing fluorine-containing acrylic resin coating film.
Example 5:
acrylate functionalized and perfluoroalkoxy surface modified nanosilica were prepared in the same manner as in example 4.
The surface-modified nano silica is prepared from 10 parts by weight of the obtained surface-modified nano silica, 40 parts by weight of isodecyl acrylate, 30 parts by weight of monofunctional aliphatic urethane acrylate (PUA569), 10 parts by weight of aliphatic urethane diacrylate (EBECRYL 270), 5 parts by weight of trimethylolpropane triacrylate, 5 parts by weight of isopropanol and 5 parts by weight of Irgacure 184. The components are uniformly mixed to obtain the silicon-containing fluorine-containing acrylic resin coating.
The coating is coated on flat glass, the thickness of the coating is 130-150 mu m, and the coating is irradiated by ultraviolet rays (the wavelength is 254nm, and the power is 240 mW/cm)2) And irradiating for 20s to form the silicon-containing fluorine-containing acrylic resin coating film.
Example 6:
acrylate functionalized and perfluoroalkoxy surface modified nanosilica were prepared in the same manner as in example 4.
The surface-modified nano silica was prepared by taking 5 parts by weight of the obtained surface-modified nano silica, 40 parts by weight of isodecyl acrylate, 35 parts by weight of monofunctional aliphatic urethane acrylate (PUA569), 10 parts by weight of aliphatic urethane diacrylate (EBECRYL 270), 5 parts by weight of tripropylene glycol diacrylate, 5 parts by weight of isopropyl alcohol, and 5 parts by weight of Irgacure 184. The components are uniformly mixed to obtain the silicon-containing fluorine-containing acrylic resin coating.
Applying the coating to a flat panelCoating on glass, the thickness of the coating is 130-150 mu m, and ultraviolet radiation (wavelength 254nm, power 240 mW/cm)2) And irradiating for 20s to form the silicon-containing fluorine-containing acrylic resin coating film.
The properties of the coating film formed from the coating material of the present invention were tested in the following manner.
Water resistance: the contact angle of the coating film surface with water is characterized, and the contact angle measurement is carried out on a CTS-200 contact angle measuring instrument.
Solvent resistance: after a 10X 2.5cm glass slide having a coating film on one surface thereof was immersed in N, N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) solvent at room temperature for 1 hour, changes in the coating film such as breakage and surface gloss were observed. The evaluation was based on the following criteria: A) no abnormality; B) the surface gloss is reduced; C) the coating swells.
Hardness: characterized by pencil hardness based on GB/T6739-1996
The following table 1 shows the results of the performance tests performed on the examples 1 to 6 according to the above method, and the results show that: the coating film has excellent oil and water resistance and surface hardness.
TABLE 1
|
Hardness of pencil |
Water contact Angle (°) |
Solvent resistance (DMF) |
Example 1 |
4H |
102 |
A |
Example 2 |
4H |
100 |
B |
Example 3 |
4H |
98 |
B |
Example 4 |
4H |
90 |
B |
Example 5 |
4H |
115 |
A |
Example 6 |
3H |
90 |
B |