CN101496718B - Carotid pulse wave detection sensor adjustment device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a carotid pulse wave detection sensor adjustment device, which comprises a neck pillow, a big arm, a small arm, a sensor connection body and a sensor; Arc-shaped track; the big arm is installed in the arc-shaped track of the neck pillow, and one end protrudes from the arc-shaped track; one end of the forearm and the end of the big arm protruding from the arc-shaped track of the neck pillow are hinged together through the forearm locking shaft. The other end of the arm is hinged with the sensor connection body through the connection body locking shaft, and the sensor is installed on the sensor connection body. During detection, the output terminal of the sensor is connected with the signal acquisition device, and the output signal enters the computer for subsequent processing. The invention makes the subject's neck pillow on the neck pillow, so that the neck stretches naturally, the carotid artery is fully exposed, effectively reduces the fatigue of the subject, and realizes carotid artery pulse while maintaining the subject in a natural state. Wave fast and accurate non-invasive detection acquisition.

Description

Carotid pulse wave detection sensor adjustment device

technical field

The invention relates to a sensor adjustment device for detecting carotid pulse waves, which belongs to the technical field of human body signal detection in biomedical engineering.

Background technique

Compared with the peripheral arteries, as the central aorta that can be touched on the body surface, the carotid artery can more directly reflect the state of the heart and central arteries, such as the enhancement index obtained from the reflected wave pressure and main wave pressure of the carotid pulse waveform can quantitatively reflect The overall elasticity of the entire arterial system, the cardiac output obtained according to the attenuation index of the carotid pulse waveform in the diastolic period can quantitatively reflect the heart pump function, according to the characteristic points (such as starting point and notch point) on the carotid pulse waveform and the cardiac source signal The pulse wave propagation velocity obtained from the time interval between the corresponding points above can quantitatively reflect the elastic state of the blood vessel between the heart and the carotid artery. At the same time, as the main large blood vessel supplying blood to the brain, the carotid artery directly constitutes the pathway from the heart to the brain. Changes in the state of cerebrovascular vessels will inevitably be coupled to the carotid artery. If the cerebral vascular network is regarded as the load of the heart, the carotid artery pressure And blood flow information, can comprehensively evaluate the cerebral circulation function and detect the state of brain load. Therefore, accurate acquisition of carotid pulse waveform is the key to early diagnosis of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

However, due to the particularity of the location of the carotid artery, it is difficult to accurately obtain the carotid artery pulse waveform, which limits the application of the carotid artery pressure signal. Difficulties in carotid pulse wave detection mainly include: ①The position of the detection point is not easy to determine. Carotid pulse wave detection has relatively high requirements for the position of the detection point. If it is too close to the distal end, it is easy to detect the bifurcated carotid artery, which is not conducive to comprehensive To evaluate the status of intracranial and extracranial cerebrovascular vessels, the carotid artery is too close to the proximal end and is buried under the muscle, so it is not easy to detect on the body surface. The common carotid artery before the bifurcation of the carotid artery should be selected as far away from the bifurcation of the carotid artery as possible , because there is a carotid sinus at the bifurcation, which is sensitive to changes in external pressure and will cause waveform deformation, and plaques are easy to form here, which brings new difficulties to detection; ②The external pressure is not easy to determine, and the pressure is too small to obtain Clear carotid artery pressure waveform, if the pressure is too high, the waveform will be deformed, which will affect the authenticity of the waveform, and applying high pressure to the carotid artery for a long time will cause insufficient blood supply to the brain and make the subject feel uncomfortable; Neck fixation, due to the existence of the trachea and multiple large blood vessels that supply blood to the brain, the fixation methods widely used in the wrist and fingertips are no longer applicable.

The existing detection methods and devices mainly include the following types: ①Hand-held: Early carotid pulse wave detection mostly uses the way that the detector presses the back of the sensor with his hand and sticks the sensor to the neck. Although the hand-held detection method is easy to operate , but it is inconvenient to operate for a long time, and the quality of the waveform is affected by the unstable pressure exerted by the detector on the sensor; It is fixed on a sticky patch, and the sensor is fixed on the neck by using the adhesive force of the patch. The sticky detection method liberates the hands of the tester, but because there is no certain pressure on the sensor, the sensor is susceptible to damage. Respiration, body movement and other influences fluctuate with the neck skin up and down, and the waveform obtained is not ideal. ③Clip type: such as the carotid artery pulse wave detection part in the carotid artery pressure detection device in Japan's Omron Kelin-Automatic Arteriosclerosis Detector BP203RPE-II (VP-1000) and Korea Hanbo PP-1000 Arteriosclerosis and Vascular For the carotid pulse sensor in the disease detection system, the sensor is fixed on the front end of the clip-shaped stent, and the sensor is clamped to the neck by the elasticity of the clip. Although the clip-type detection method solves the problem of sensor fixation, due to the pressure on the sensor The size of the test is completely determined by the size of the neck of the subject and the elasticity of the clip, so the pressure applied to the fixed subject cannot be adjusted, which cannot meet the requirements of clinical use; "Arteriosclerosis Evaluation Equipment", Publication No. CN1428129A disclosed "Arteriosclerosis Evaluation Instrument" and Publication No. CN1432337A disclosed "Arteriosclerosis Evaluation Instrument" discloses that the pressure pulse wave detector is worn on the neck of the subject by means of a belt on; and as disclosed in the Chinese Patent Literature Publication No. CN1226812A "Pulse Detection Device, Pulse Detection Device and Pressure Detection Device", the sensor is fixed on the collar formed by the elastic body and bent into an arc shape, and the collar is arranged on the clothes The inside of the collar is bound around the neck of the subject. The circumference of the collar can be adjusted, and the force of binding the neck can be adjusted accordingly. Although the binding method is reliable, it will cause discomfort to the test subject when used on the neck feel.

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims at the deficiencies in the existing carotid pulse wave detection technology, and provides a carotid pulse wave detection sensor adjustment device. The acquisition solves the problems that the position of the detection point is difficult to determine, the external pressure is difficult to determine, and the sensor is difficult to fix on the neck in the process of carotid pulse wave detection.

The carotid pulse wave detection sensor adjustment device of the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

The carotid pulse wave detection sensor adjustment device comprises a neck pillow, a big arm, a forearm, a sensor connecting body and a sensor; the neck pillow is provided with an arc-shaped support surface for supporting the neck, and the neck pillow is provided with an arc-shaped track; the big arm Installed in the arc track of the neck pillow, one end protrudes from the arc track; one end of the forearm and the end of the upper arm protruding from the arc track of the neck pillow are hinged together through the forearm locking shaft, and the other end of the forearm is connected to the sensor The connecting body is hinged together through the connecting body locking shaft, and the sensor is installed on the sensor connecting body. During detection, the output end of the sensor is connected with the signal acquisition device, and the output signal enters the computer for subsequent processing.

The arc-shaped track in the neck pillow runs through both ends of the neck pillow, and the big arm can be loaded into the neck pillow from any end of the arc-shaped track.

The side of the neck pillow is provided with a locking handle for locking the upper arm.

The sensor connecting body may be just a connecting piece for installing the sensor, or a pressure regulating mechanism capable of adjusting the pressure applied by the sensor may be provided in the sensor connecting body.

The pressure regulating mechanism in the connecting body of the sensor is a screw moving mechanism composed of a transmission shaft installed on the connecting body and a transmission sleeve installed in the connecting body, and the transmission shaft is threadedly connected with the transmission sleeve. A pressure adjustment knob may be provided on the upper end of the transmission shaft. The sensor is installed at the lower end of the transmission sleeve, and the non-inductive surface of the sensor is connected with the transmission sleeve. The pressure applied to the carotid artery is adjusted by rotating the transmission shaft to drive the transmission sleeve and the sensor fixed on the transmission sleeve to move up and down.

The sensor adopts a piezoresistive pressure sensor. The sensing part of the sensor is a circular arc surface with a diameter of 8mm to 10mm. The output signal includes the AC quantity representing the pulse and the DC quantity representing the external force applied to the detection part. Set the resistance value of the bridge resistance in the sensor so that when the output pulse wave waveform is stable, the output DC flow is just zero or in a small range near zero, and the DC flow value is used as an indication of whether the external pressure is adjusted properly. Reference.

The invention makes the subject's neck rest on the neck pillow, so that the neck stretches naturally, and the carotid artery is fully exposed, which not only helps to stabilize the waveform, but also can effectively reduce the fatigue of the subject, and maintain the subject in a natural state. At the same time, it realizes fast and accurate non-invasive detection and acquisition of carotid pulse wave, and solves the problems that the position of the detection point in the detection process of carotid pulse wave is difficult to determine, the external pressure is difficult to determine, and the sensor is difficult to fix on the neck.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the use state of the carotid pulse wave detection sensor adjustment device of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an exploded front view of the structure of the carotid pulse wave detection sensor adjustment device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is an exploded rear view of the carotid pulse wave detection sensor adjustment device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of detecting the right carotid artery according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of detecting the left carotid artery according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is an exploded front view of the carotid pulse wave detection sensor adjustment device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is an exploded rear view of the carotid pulse wave detection sensor adjustment device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of detected carotid pulse waveforms under different applied pressures.

Fig. 9 is a structural schematic diagram of the pressure regulating mechanism in the sensor connecting body in embodiment 2.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the use state of the pressure regulating mechanism shown in Fig. 9 .

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of detecting the right carotid artery in Example 2.

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of detecting the left carotid artery in Example 2.

Fig. 13 is an exploded front view of the carotid pulse wave detection sensor adjustment device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Fig. 14 is an exploded rear view of the carotid pulse wave detection sensor adjustment device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of detecting the right carotid artery in Example 3.

Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of detecting the left carotid artery in Example 3.

Among them: 1. Neck pillow, 2. Big arm, 3. Forearm, 4. Sensor connecting body, 5. Sensor, 6. Arc track, 7. Locking handle, 8. Forearm locking shaft, 9. Small Arm locking knob, 10, connecting body locking shaft a, 11, connecting body locking shaft b, 12, pressure adjustment knob, 13, supporting surface, 14, silk hole on the right side of the neck pillow, 15, silk hole on the left side of the neck pillow Hole, 16, locking groove, 17, forearm locking hole a, 18, forearm locking hole b, 19, connecting body locking hole, 20, connecting body locking thread hole, 21, shell, 22, Transmission shaft, 23, transmission sleeve, 24, protective cover, 25, sensor induction part, 26, neck, 27, right carotid artery, 28, left carotid artery, 29, shoulder, 30, front surface of neck pillow.

Detailed ways

Example 1

As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , the carotid pulse wave detection sensor adjustment device of this embodiment includes: a neck pillow 1 , a big arm 2 , a small arm 3 , a sensor connector 4 and a sensor 5 .

The neck pillow 1 has a support surface 13 for supporting the neck. The support surface 13 is composed of a plurality of arc surfaces, which fit the curve of the human neck. The neck can be fully accommodated in the bearing surface 13. The height of the neck pillow 1 can ensure that when the neck of the subject is resting on the neck pillow 1, the head naturally leans back to expose the neck. In order to alleviate the pain caused by the direct contact between the neck of the subject and the support surface 13, it is preferable to attach a buffer pad made of elastic material such as sponge on the surface of the support surface 13. Through such an auxiliary backward structure, the neck is naturally stretched and the carotid artery is fully exposed, which is not only conducive to the stability of the waveform but also can effectively reduce the fatigue of the person being tested.

The inside of the neck pillow 1 is provided with an arc-shaped track 6 (the dotted line part in FIG. 2 ) that runs through the entire neck pillow, and the big arm 2 is also in an arc consistent with the arc-shaped track 6 . The size of the arc track 6 matches the size of the boom 2 to facilitate the smooth sliding of the boom 2 along the arc track 6 . On the side of neck pillow 1 one end, be provided with a screw hole that leads into arc track, promptly neck pillow right side silk hole 14, locking handle 7 is housed in this screw hole. When the big arm 2 is loaded into the arc track 6, the inner end of the locking handle 7 can be in the locking groove 13 on the side of the big arm 2, and the locking handle 7 can be tightened so that the big arm 2 can be locked in the desired position. The position is fixed to achieve reliable locking.

One end of the big arm 2 exposed outside the neck pillow 1 is provided with a forearm locking hole a17 , one end of the forearm 3 is provided with a forearm locking hole b18 , and the other end of the forearm 3 is provided with a connector locking hole 19 . Pass the forearm locking shaft 8 through the forearm locking hole a17 and the forearm locking hole b18, so that the forearm 3 is installed on the boom 2 through the forearm locking shaft 8, and the forearm 3 can be locked around the forearm The shaft 8 rotates. The forearm locking shaft 8 is provided with a locking knob, and the free swing of the forearm 3 can be restricted by tightening the locking knob, so as to realize reliable locking of the forearm 3 . The arc diameter of the big arm 2 is greater than the diameter of the circumference of the neck of an adult male, so that the neck of the subject can be fully accommodated in the circle formed by the neck pillow 1, the big arm 2 and the forearm 3 and there is a certain amount of space left. Adjustment range.

The other end of the forearm 3 is provided with a connecting body locking hole 19, and the sensor connecting body 4 is provided with a connecting body locking thread hole 20, and the connecting body locking shaft a10 and the connecting body locking shaft b11 pass through The connecting body locking hole 19 is screwed into the connecting body locking thread hole 20 on the sensor connecting body 4 so that the sensor connecting body 4 is installed on the forearm 3, and the sensor connecting body 4 can be locked around the connecting body locking axis a10 and the connecting body lock The tight shaft b11 rotates, and the free swing of the sensor connecting body 4 is restricted by tightening the two connecting body locking shafts a10 and the connecting body locking shaft b11 to achieve reliable locking. The sensor connecting body 4 in this embodiment is only a connecting piece for installing the sensor 5 .

The sensor 5 is fixed in the sensor connection body 4 , and the non-sensing surface of the sensor 5 is connected with the inner surface of the sensor connection body 4 . The sensing part 25 where the sensor 5 is in contact with the detection point is a protruding arc surface, which facilitates the single-point contact between the sensor 5 and the detection point, and does not cause compression on the trachea and other large blood vessels.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of the use status of this embodiment. Using the carotid pulse wave detection sensor adjustment device of this embodiment, it is possible to adjust the movement amount of the sensor 5 shown in Figure 2 in the three directions of A, B, and C without changing the body position of the person to be detected and reliably lock Accurate detection of bilateral carotid pulse waves is realized. A direction is the moving direction of the big arm 2 in the arc track 6, B direction is the rotation direction of the forearm 3 around the forearm locking axis 8, and C direction is the connecting body of the sensor 4 directions of rotation.

Next, the operation steps of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 1 , FIG. 2 , FIG. 3 , FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 .

When in use, the sensor adjustment device of this embodiment is placed on the detection bed, the person to be tested lies flat on the detection bed, his neck 26 rests on the neck pillow 1, and the shoulders 29 are close to the front surface 30 of the neck pillow. First, find the strongest pulsation point of the right carotid artery 27 or the left carotid artery 28 on the side of the carotid artery 26 to be detected by finger touch or visual inspection. Secondly, loosen the locking handle 7, the forearm locking knob 9, the connecting body locking shaft a10 and the connecting body locking shaft b11 so that the sensor 5 can move freely in three directions A, B, and C. Then, one hand holds the big arm 2 and the other holds the forearm 3, and simultaneously adjust the telescopic amount of the big arm 2 in the direction A and the swing amount of the small arm 3 in the direction B, until the sensing part 25 of the sensor 5 falls to the strongest point of pulsation Just above the upper arm, tighten the locking handle 7 to lock the boom 2. Next, adjust the swing amount of the sensor connecting body 4 in the C direction so that the sensor 5 is perpendicular to the detection surface, and tighten the connecting body locking shaft a10 and the connecting body locking shaft b11 to lock the sensor connecting body 4 . Finally, adjust the swing amount of the forearm 3 in the B direction so that the sensor 5 presses on the right carotid artery 27 or the left carotid artery 28 with a certain force, tighten the forearm locking knob 9 to lock the forearm, and start detection. Through the above steps, the detection of the right carotid artery as shown in FIG. 4 and the detection of the right carotid artery as shown in FIG. 5 can be realized. The operation steps of the detection of the right common carotid artery shown in Figure 4 and the detection of the right common carotid artery shown in Figure 5 are the same, only need to adjust the position of the big arm 2, the small arm 3 and the sensor connector 4 according to the position of the carotid artery The amount of movement is such that the sensor is positioned over the carotid artery on the side to be detected.

Example 2

As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, compared with Embodiment 1, the carotid pulse wave detection sensor adjustment device of this embodiment is different in the structure of the sensor connecting body 4 used to fix the sensor 5, and the sensor connecting body 4 of this embodiment A pressure regulating mechanism is provided inside, which increases the movement of the sensor 5 in the D direction.

Experiments have proved that different pulse wave waveforms can be obtained by applying different pressures to the arteries during the pulse wave detection process. As shown in Figure 8, if the pressure is too low, a clear carotid artery pressure waveform cannot be obtained, and if the pressure is too high, the waveform will be deformed, affecting the authenticity of the waveform. When the external pressure is properly adjusted, the pulse wave waveform obtained is the best waveform (Figure 8 Waveform No. 3 in), the applied pressure at this time is the optimum pressure. In order to obtain the best waveform, this embodiment adds a structure capable of adjusting externally applied pressure.

Figures 9 and 10 show the structure of the pressure regulating mechanism in the sensor connecting body 4 in this embodiment, the pressure regulating mechanism is composed of a transmission shaft 22 installed on the connecting body and a transmission sleeve 23 installed in the connecting body Screw moving mechanism, the transmission shaft 22 is screwed with the transmission sleeve 23. The upper end of the transmission shaft 22 is provided with a pressure adjustment knob 12 , and the transmission sleeve 23 can move up and down in the casing 21 by turning the pressure adjustment knob 12 . The sensor 5 is connected to the transmission sleeve 23 through its non-inductive surface. When the sensor connecting body 4 is in idle state (as shown in FIG. 9 ), the transmission sleeve 23 is completely in the connecting body, and a protective cover 24 is installed at the opening end of the connecting body to protect the sensor 5 . The use state of the sensor connecting body 4 is shown in Figure 10. During use, take off the protective cover 24, turn the pressure adjustment knob 12, the transmission shaft 22 rotates to make the transmission sleeve 23 move up and down, and the sensor 5 fixed on the transmission sleeve 23 will move up and down. Move up and down to make the sensor 5 touch the neck 26 of the human body, and turn the transmission shaft 22 up and down to adjust the pressure applied by the sensor 5 to the neck 26. When the pressure is adjusted properly, stop turning the pressure adjustment knob 12 to lock the sensor 5 at the current position , start detection. After the detection is completed, the pressure adjustment knob 12 is turned to the initial position, so that the sensor 5 is completely retracted into the connection body, and the protective cover 24 is covered on the lower end of the connection body to realize effective protection of the sensor 5 .

The sensing part 25 where the sensor 5 is in contact with the detection point is a protruding arc surface, which facilitates the single-point contact between the sensor 5 and the detection point, and does not cause compression on the trachea and other large blood vessels. The sensor 5 adopts a piezoresistive pressure sensor, and the output signal includes the AC quantity representing the pulse pulsation and the DC quantity representing the external force applied to the detection part, and the resistance value of the bridge resistance in the sensor is set to ensure the stable output pulse wave waveform When the output DC flow is just zero or in a small range near zero, the calibrated DC flow value is used as a reference value indicating whether the applied pressure is adjusted properly.

In this embodiment, without changing the detection position of the subject, by adjusting the movement amount of the sensor 5 in the four directions A, B, C, and D shown in Figure 6 and reliably locking it, the detection of bilateral carotid pulse waves can be realized. For accurate detection, the D direction is the up and down movement direction of the sensor 5 .

Fig. 11 and Fig. 12 show the schematic diagrams of detecting the carotid artery pulse wave in this embodiment. After completing the operation steps described in Embodiment 1, adjusting the movement amount of the sensor 5 in the D direction as shown in FIG. 6 can realize the detection of the right carotid artery as shown in FIG. 11 and the detection of the left carotid artery as shown in FIG. 12 .

Example 3

Compared with Embodiment 1, the carotid pulse wave detection sensor adjustment device of this embodiment has a different structure of the sensor connecting body 4 used to fix the sensor 5 , and also adds a structure that facilitates the detector to freely select the bedside operation position. This embodiment adopts the sensor connecting body 4 with the same structure as that of Embodiment 2 with a pressure regulating mechanism.

As shown in FIG. 13 , the arc track 6 runs through the neck pillow 1 , and there is an opening at both ends of the neck pillow 1 , and the arm 2 can be loaded into the arc track 6 through any opening. The schematic diagram of loading from the right end is shown in Figure 13 and Figure 14, and the schematic diagram of loading from the left end is shown in Figure 15 and Figure 16. Each of the two ends of the neck pillow 1 is provided with a screw hole leading into the arc track 6, namely the right side silk hole 14 of the neck pillow and the left side silk hole 15 of the neck pillow. These two screw holes can be loaded into the locking handle. 7 in order to lock the boom 2. In this way, it is convenient for the examiner to freely select the bedside operating position according to the characteristics of the surrounding environment during the examination.

The structure of this embodiment allows the operator to freely select the operating position according to the position of the test bed, the limitation of the operating environment, and the operating habits of the operator without changing the position of the subject to be tested.

Claims (2)

1. A carotid pulse wave detection sensor adjustment device, comprising neck pillow, big arm, forearm, sensor connecting body and sensor, wherein, big arm is installed in the neck pillow, it is characterized in that: above described neck pillow There is a support surface composed of multiple curved surfaces that fits the curve of the human neck, which is used to assist the neck to lean back; the neck pillow is equipped with an arc-shaped track that runs through both ends of the neck pillow, and the side of the neck pillow is provided with a locking large The locking handle of the arm, the big arm matches the size of the arc track, and can be put into the neck pillow by either end of the arc track, slide and lock along the arc track; the sensor connecting body is equipped with a sensor that can drive the sensor to move up and down. A pressure adjustment mechanism that applies pressure to the neck and locks it; the pressure adjustment mechanism is a screw movement mechanism composed of a transmission shaft installed on the sensor connection body and a transmission sleeve installed in the sensor connection body, and the transmission shaft and the transmission sleeve are threaded connect. 2 . The carotid pulse wave detection sensor adjustment device according to claim 1 , wherein the sensor is a piezoresistive pressure sensor, and the output signal includes a DC flow value indicating whether the applied pressure is adjusted properly. 3 .

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