CN101481780A - Easy-to-weld superfine austenite crystal steel with superhigh intensity and high tenacity and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Easy-to-weld superfine austenite crystal steel with superhigh intensity and high tenacity and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种超高强度高韧性易焊接超细奥氏体晶粒钢及其制造方法。钢的化学成分为(wt％)：C 0.04～0.14、Mn 0.50～1.75、Si 0.10～0.50、S≤0.010、P≤0.012、Ni≤0.50、Cr≤1.00、Mo≤0.80、V≤0.10、Cu 0.10～0.30、Al 0.010～0.050、Ti 0.010～0.050、Nb≤0.050、B 0.0005～0.0020、[O+N]≤0.0090、Pb+Sn+As+Sb+Bi≤0.15，余量为Fe及杂质。且满足碳当量CEQ(％)≤0.60、裂纹敏感指数PCM(％)≤0.30。其制造方法包括低温短时回火预处理、极快速整体加热到Ac3以上短时保温、极快速淬火至室温。该钢的奥氏体晶粒平均尺寸≤6.5μm，屈服强度≥840MPa、抗拉强度≥945MPa、韧脆转变温度≤－60℃等。该方法尤其适于薄规格工件的热处理。
The invention discloses an ultra-high-strength, high-toughness, easy-to-weld ultrafine austenite grain steel and a manufacturing method thereof. The chemical composition of steel is (wt%): C 0.04～0.14, Mn 0.50～1.75, Si 0.10～0.50, S≤0.010, P≤0.012, Ni≤0.50, Cr≤1.00, Mo≤0.80, V≤0.10, Cu 0.10～0.30, Al 0.010～0.050, Ti 0.010～0.050, Nb≤0.050, B 0.0005～0.0020, [O+N]≤0.0090, Pb+Sn+As+Sb+Bi≤0.15, and the balance is Fe and impurities. And satisfy carbon equivalent C EQ (%) ≤ 0.60, crack sensitivity index P CM (%) ≤ 0.30. Its manufacturing method includes low-temperature short-time tempering pretreatment, extremely rapid overall heating to above Ac 3 and short-time heat preservation, and extremely rapid quenching to room temperature. The average austenite grain size of the steel is ≤6.5μm, the yield strength is ≥840MPa, the tensile strength is ≥945MPa, the ductile-brittle transition temperature is ≤-60℃, etc. This method is especially suitable for heat treatment of thin gauge workpieces.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ultra-fine grain steel and manufacture method thereof, particularly relate to a kind of superfine austenite crystal steel and manufacture method thereof with multifrequency natures such as superstrength, excellent low-temperature flexibility, good welds, this method can be used for the manufacturing of thin specification high performance structural members such as latten, thin-wall seamless steel pipe, thin axial workpiece.
Background technology
At present, ferrous materials remains the main body of structured material, and welding remains main structure manufacturing process.To have multifrequency natures such as superstrength, excellent low-temperature flexibility and good welds be the high-performance steel iron material and the key manufacture thereof of one in development, be satisfy modern important structure to long-term safety, alleviate the important channel that deadweight and energy-saving and cost-reducing direction develop.It is generally acknowledged that in the world the structural steel of yield strength 〉=840MPa (120ksi) can be described as the superstrength structure iron.How making this class steel reach other while of superstrength level, satisfied requirement to low-temperature flexibility and weldability is the research and development focus over past ten years.
As everyone knows, in multiple intensifying technologys such as solution strengthening, precipitation strength, phase transformation strengthening and working hardening, have only crystal grain thinning, could improve the intensity and the toughness of steel simultaneously.Wherein, refine austenite crystal grain is especially remarkable to increasing substantially the effect of material at low temperature flexible.Because realizing the essential condition of grain refining is to improve the nucleus nucleation rate and suppress growth rate.Therefore, at present aspect exploitation high-performance superstrength structure iron, what extensively take is to be multimedia material toughening technologies such as core, integrated use are low-carbon alloyed, microalloying design, recrystallize controlled rolling (RCR), heat machinery control processing (TMCP), acceleration cooling with control deformation austenite recrystallization.This is carried out extensive exploration both at home and abroad, and formed multinomial patent.
Analyzing disclosed superstrength structure iron of this class patent and relative manufacturing process thereof can find, they all exist a kind of of following many weak points or two kinds or two or more:
1) requires to add a large amount of Cr, Mo, valuable alloying elements such as Ni, Cu in the steel,, increased the alloy resource cost though reached the corresponding strength rank.As international monopoly " the superstrength low-carbon alloy steel pipe and the manufacture method thereof of low-temperature flexibility excellence " (publication number WO2005035800A1), require the actual content of chromium in the steel, molybdenum to reach 0.55～0.80% and 0.30～0.50% respectively; The patent JP60121219 of Sumitomo Metal Industries and JP89025371, requiring the nickel content in the steel is 1.00～3.00%, chromium content is 0.40～1.20%; Baosteel patent " but superstrength Plate Steel and manufacture method thereof of large-line energy welding " (application number 200410017255.5), requiring nickel content is 0.50～0.80%, copper content is 0.50～0.80%; Wuhan Iron and Steel Plant patent " ultrahigh-strength steel and manufacture method thereof " (publication number CN1888120A) with good solidity to corrosion and fatigue resistance, requiring to reach nickel content simultaneously is 0.30～0.80%, and copper content is 0.25～0.80%, and molybdenum content is 0.20～0.50%; The patent WO200039352 of Exxonmobil company, nickel content requirement 〉=1.0% in the steel; Another patent of the said firm " production method of the welding ultrahigh-strength steel plates of ultralow-temperature flexibility excellence " (publication number CN1390960A), requiring Mo content is 0.30～0.70%.
2) require to adopt the low temperature rolling after the recrystallization zone controlled rolling and roll the back and cool off fast, though reached the corresponding strength rank too, and reduced the alloy consumption, to metallurgical technology Equipment Requirement harshness, in fact increased equipment and process cost.As above-mentioned patent WO200039352, require to roll the online speed of cooling in back 10 ℃/more than the s; Above-mentioned patent CN1390960A requires finishing temperature to be lower than 850 ℃; Above-mentioned patent CN1888120A, require finishing temperature be 780～850 ℃ and roll the back cooling rate be 15～35 ℃/s.
3) require the carbon content in the steel higher, though favourable to reaching the superstrength rank, diminish the welding property of steel.As above-mentioned patent WO2005035800A1, requiring the carbon content scope is 0.06～0.18%; Disclosed Chinese patent " above ultrahigh-strength steel plates of yield strength 960MPa and manufacture method thereof " (publication number CN184072A) and " above ultrahigh-strength steel plates of yield strength 1100MPa and manufacture method thereof " (publication number CN1840723A), all requiring the carbon content scope is 0.08～0.20%.Because carbon content and carbon equivalent are higher, for avoiding producing the welding metallurgy defective, the measure that is absolutely necessary of processing parameters such as strict control preheating temperature and interlayer temperature, thus the structure manufacturing cost is increased.
This shows, the alloy designs of above-mentioned existing superstrength structure iron and relative manufacturing process, be unfavorable for all that with lower cost and resource consumption obtaining multifrequency natures such as collection superstrength, excellent low-temperature flexibility and good welds is the high-performance steel iron material of one.
The another kind of method of refine austenite crystal grain is to utilize direct resistive heating or induction heating, workpiece is heated to certain austenitizing temperature with speed faster, behind isothermal treatment for short time, quench, to reach the purpose of refine austenite crystal grain, this also there is the report of relevant achievement and patent both at home and abroad.Developed a kind of manufacturing technology of superfine austenite crystal medium carbon alloy steel bar in 2006 as Japanese JFE company, after adopting extremely fast thermal cycling to quench, the austenite crystal mean sizes reaches 2～3 μ m.Chinese patent (publication number CN1045996A) is for shortening carburizing (or carbonitriding) time of steel, proposed to utilize " chemical thermal treatment by several times and short cycle method " of resistance (or induction) heating, this method also can reach the purpose of refine austenite crystal grain when carrying out rapid carburization.Chinese patent " a kind of continuous induction heat treatment process for high-strength finish-rolled spiral steel bar " (publication number CN1453375A), introduced in a kind of being applicable to carbon Cr-Mo-V Twisted Steel roll the back continuously induction quenching+tempering heat treatment, after replacing original rolling, wear water cooling+self-tempering technology, thereby solve the method for product performance fluctuation problem.This shows, though above-mentioned achievement or patent have all adopted the quenching process of direct resistive heating or induction heating, all do not relate to have superstrength simultaneously, high tenacity, easily the high-performance steel iron material and the manufacture method thereof of welding and multifrequency nature such as superfine austenite crystal.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of ultrahigh-intensity high-toughness easy-to-weld superfine austenite crystal steel and manufacture method thereof, described steel can be used for the manufacturing of thin specification high performance structural members such as latten, thin-wall seamless steel pipe and thin axial workpiece.Described manufacture method have alloy resource consume less, heat treatment time is short, workpiece deformation is little, the oxidation and decarbonization layer thin and the lower advantage of production cost.
For achieving the above object, manufacture method of the present invention may further comprise the steps: adopt smelting Technology for Clean Steel, make the blank of various cross-sectional shapes such as square billet, slab or circle base; With after the blank heating through after the distortion such as rolling, forging or drilling/rolling, obtain to have the profile and the size of tabular, bar-shaped or weldless steel tube; With the workpiece after being shaped at Ac
1Following temperature tempering 2～30 minutes; Adopt direct resistive heating or induction heating mode, workpiece is heated to above 50～100 ℃ of actual Ac3 with the speed of 100～500 ℃/s, soaking time is no more than 60 seconds, quenches with the cooling rate of 50～500 ℃/s then; Will be through the workpiece of quench treatment at Ac
1Following temperature tempering 2～30min or without temper; Make thin gauge sheet metal, bar and tubing with above-mentioned multifrequency nature.
For achieving the above object, need carry out well-designed and control to the chemical ingredients of the steel that the present invention relates to, wherein the mechanism of action of each alloying constituent is:
(1) carbon carbon is a kind of cheap element that improves the intensity of steel.When carbon content is lower than 0.04%, inaccessible certain intensity; But when carbon content was higher than 0.14%, the toughness and the weldability of steel significantly reduced.Therefore, carbon content should be controlled at 0.04～0.14%.
(2) manganese manganese is a kind of element of hardening capacity of effective increase steel, therefore also improves intensity and toughness.When manganese content is lower than 0.50%, inaccessible needed strength level; When manganese content is higher than 1.75%, can produce tangible segregation banded structure, toughness is descended.Therefore, manganese content should be controlled at 0.50～1.75%.
One of the most effective deoxidant element when (3) silicon silicon is a kind of steel-making, and can improve the intensity of steel.When silicone content is lower than 0.10%, the easy oxidation of steel; When silicone content was higher than 0.50%, the toughness and the weldability of steel all reduced.Therefore, silicone content should be controlled at 0.10～0.50%.
(4) toughness of sulphur sulphur grievous injury steel.Therefore, sulphur content should be controlled at below 0.010%.
(5) toughness of phosphorus phosphorus grievous injury steel.Therefore, phosphorus content should be controlled at below 0.015%.
(6) boron adds the trace B of 5～20ppm in steel, can significantly increase the hardening capacity of low-carbon low-alloy steel, helps obtaining martensite or the hard phase of bainite when quenching, and can save valuable iron alloy resources such as chromium, molybdenum, vanadium.In addition, because the electric steel nitrogen content is higher, when existing in steel with free nitrogen form, can cause the timeliness embrittlement of steel, boron can also be as nitrogen killer, to suppress the disadvantageous effect of nitrogen.
(7) nickel nickel is a kind of element that significantly improves the low-temperature flexibility of steel, and still, nickel is a kind of noble metal.Therefore, under the existing situation fully more than needed of low-temperature flexibility, nickel content is limited in below 0.50%.
(8) chromium chromium is a kind of intensity, toughness and corrosion proof element that significantly improves steel.But when chromium content was higher than 1.0%, the toughness of welded heat affecting zone obviously descended.Therefore, chromium content is answered Kong Zhi Zai ≦ 1.0%.
(9) the molybdenum molybdenum is a kind ofly to stop temper softening, effectively improve the element of the intensity of steel.But molybdenum-iron is a kind of valuable iron alloy, is necessary to limit its highest addition.Therefore, molybdenum content is answered Kong Zhi Zai ≦ 0.80%.
(10) the vanadium vanadium is a kind of element of intensity of effective raising steel, even add a spot of vanadium, also can stop the temper softening of steel.But vanadium iron also is a kind of valuable iron alloy, is necessary to limit its highest addition.Therefore, content of vanadium is answered Kong Zhi Zai ≦ 0.10%.
(11) copper copper is a kind of corrosion proof element that significantly improves steel, but because of its costliness, is difficult for adding, and therefore, copper content should be controlled at 0.10～0.30%.
(12) even titanium adds a spot of titanium in steel, the also effective tissue of refinement steel improves the toughness and the welding property of steel.Suitable titanium content should be controlled at 0.010～0.050%.
(13) aluminium adds aluminium in steelmaking process, can reduce the inclusion content in the steel, and crystal grain thinning.Suitable aluminium content is 0.010～0.050%.
(14) Nb of niobium Tian Jia ≦ 0.050% in steel, its effect is the austenitic grain-size of remarkable refinement deformation, improves the hardening capacity of steel during modifier treatment, and by Nb separating out or secondary hardening when the tempering, improves the temper resistance and the intensity of steel.
(15) other elements and span of control thereof are in other residual element steel: tin (Sn) ≦ 0.05%; Antimony (Sb) ≦ 0.05%; Plumbous (Pb) ≦ 0.05%; Arsenic (As) ≦ 0.05%; The total amount of residual element is controlled by following requirement in the steel: Sn+Sb+Pb+As ≦ 0.15%
Therefore, according to above-mentioned manufacture method, the ultrahigh-intensity high-toughness easy-to-weld superfine austenite crystal steel that the present invention relates to, its chemical ingredients is (wt%): C:0.04～0.14, Mn:0.50～1.75, Si:0.10～0.50, S: ≦ 0.010, P: ≦ 0.015, Ni: ≦ 0.50, Cr: ≦ 1.00, Mo: ≦ 0.80, V: ≦ 0.10, Cu:0.10～0.30, Al:0.010～0.050, Ti:0.010～0.050, Nb: ≦ 0.050, B:0.0005～0.0020, surplus is Fe and incidental impurity element.
According to the chemical ingredients of above-mentioned ultrahigh-intensity high-toughness easy-to-weld superfine austenite crystal steel, the carbon equivalent C of this steel
EQ(%) ≦ 0.60, welding crack Sensitivity Index P
CM(%) ≦ 0.30.C
EQWith press P
CMCalculate as following formula respectively:
C
EQ(％)＝C+Mn/6+(Cr+Mo+V)/5+(Ni+Cu)/15；
P
CM(％)＝C+(Mn+Cr+Cu)/20+Si/30+Mo/15+Ni/60+V/10+5B；
The ultrahigh-intensity high-toughness easy-to-weld superfine austenite crystal steel that the invention described above relates to, because of adopting extremely fast thermal cycling quenching technology, can make full use of reinforcement and malleableize effect that the austenite crystal super-refinement brings, therefore, the wherein add-on of valuable alloying element be can reduce, carbon content and carbon equivalent reduced, improve the welding property of steel, the chemical ingredients of its optimization is (wt%): C:0.04～0.12, Mn:0.70～1.60, Si:0.10～0.45, S: ≦ 0.008, P: ≦ 0.012, Ni: ≦ 0.35, Cr: ≦ 0.75, Mo: ≦ 0.60, V:0.01～0.08, Cu:0.10～0.30, Al:0.010～0.050, Ti:0.010～0.040, Nb: ≦ 0.050, B:0.0008～0.0020, surplus is Fe and incidental impurity element.According to the chemical ingredients of the ultrahigh-intensity high-toughness easy-to-weld superfine austenite crystal steel of above-mentioned optimization, the carbon equivalent C of this steel
EQ(%) ≦ 0.50, welding crack Sensitivity Index P
CM(%) ≦ 0.28.
Ultrahigh-intensity high-toughness easy-to-weld superfine austenite crystal steel and manufacture method thereof that the invention described above is related must adopt the Clean Steel smelting technology when blank is produced, this is one of key measure that improves the ultrahigh-strength steel low-temperature flexibility.After measures such as the control of comprehensive employing raw material, hot metal pretreatment, converter top and bottom complex blowing, ladle argon-blown refining, vacuum-treat, the processing of Ca/Si silk inclusion modification, make the metallurgical quality of blank reach following requirement:
(1) the total content Xian Zhi Zai ≦ 60ppm of the total content Xian Zhi Zai ≦ 30ppm of oxygen, nitrogen in the steel, or oxygen nitrogen total amount Xian Zhi Zai ≦ 90ppm.
(2) hazardous elements S+P in the steel ≦ 0.025%; Pb+Sn+As+Sb+Bi ≦ 0.15%;
(3) content of steel inclusion is measured by ASTM E45 standard " dislike most slightly visual field method (method A) ".The high-content of inclusion is: carefully be inclusion Shui Ping ≦ 2; It slightly is inclusion Shui Ping ≦ 1.
Ultrahigh-intensity high-toughness easy-to-weld superfine austenite crystal steel and manufacture method thereof that the invention described above is related, its profile comprises the structural part of various high-performance such as latten, thin-wall seamless steel pipe, axle class formation spare, thin specification, with blank through overheating deforming when obtaining needed shape and size, in the scope that the metallurgical technology equipment condition allows, should adopt controlled rolling or control to forge as far as possible, promptly main suitably control blank heating temperature, distribute texturing temperature and deflection and roll the back water spray and cool off by pass sequence (or forging table).Its purpose mainly is a refinement deformation austenite crystal and roll (forging) attitude tissue uniformly as far as possible.Thermal distortion technology can adopt following canonical parameter: with blank heating to 1200～1250 ℃, carry out the thermal distortion of multi-pass then.Roughing or rough forge temperature are 1150～1200 ℃, and deflection is 60～70%; Finish rolling or finish forge temperature are 850～950 ℃, and deflection is 30～40%.The back acquisition that is shaped has tabular, bar-shaped or piped profile and size.
Ultrahigh-intensity high-toughness easy-to-weld superfine austenite crystal steel and manufacture method thereof that the invention described above is related, its rolled piece or forging generally also need to carry out one temper before carrying out extremely fast the thermal cycling induction quenching.Reason is: rolling attitude or forging in the attitude tissue, often form the bainite and/or the martensitic stucture that are distributed with the residual austenite film between lath, in quenching heat-processed because of organizing genetic phenomenon to be difficult for the tiny austenite crystal of acquisition.The tempered purpose is that the residual austenite film is decomposed, thereby avoids forming when quenching heating thick austenite crystal.For guaranteeing the effect of temper, tempering temperature is chosen in 500～650 ℃, and tempering time is 5～30 minutes.
Ultrahigh-intensity high-toughness easy-to-weld superfine austenite crystal steel and manufacture method thereof that the invention described above is related, for obtaining the austenite crystal of super-refinement, must be to will be through the rolled piece or the forging of above-mentioned temper, adopt direct resistive heating or induction heating to carry out fast austenitizing in short-term, rapid quenching cooling then.The key parameter of extremely fast thermal cycling quench treatment comprises rate of heating as described below, austenitizing temperature, soaking time and quench cooling rate.
(1) the general requirement rate of heating is 100～500 ℃/s.With the raising of rate of heating, the superheating temperature of austenitic transformation increases, and nucleation rate improves, and the degree of austenite crystal refinement increases thereupon.When rate of heating increase to 100 ℃/when s is above, can obtain the austenite crystal of super-refinement.
(2) the general requirement austenitizing temperature finishes about 50 ℃～100 ℃ temperature of transition point for surpassing actual austenite.With the raising of rate of heating, the superheating temperature of austenitic transformation increases, and austenite actual beginning transition point and end transition point all are higher than the equilibrium phase height of steel.Answer strictness to choose and control austenitizing temperature, cross when low, will be unfavorable for organizing homogenizing with composition as this temperature; When too high, will be unfavorable for the refinement of austenite crystal as this temperature.
(3) general requirement austenitizing soaking time is no more than 60 seconds.Soaking time is too short, will be unfavorable for the homogenizing of composition; Soaking time is long, will be unfavorable for the control of refinement, oxidation and decarbonization and the workpiece deformation degree of austenite crystal.
(4) the general requirement quench cooling rate is 50～500 ℃/s.Quench with the cooling rate that is exceedingly fast, its purpose has two: one, limits growing up of austenite crystal in good time, and the 2nd, improve the condensate depression of austenite continuous cooling transformation strongly, suppress pro-eutectoid and change, promote thin ferrite bainite or martensitic transformation, make steel of the present invention obtain the uniform tissue state.
Ultrahigh-intensity high-toughness easy-to-weld superfine austenite crystal steel and manufacture method thereof that the invention described above is related, after quenching through thermal cycling extremely fast, generally can be according to service requirements, whether select tempering as final thermal process status.As the needs tempering, generally can adjust its obdurability matching status when making steel reach the superstrength rank by choosing and control tempering temperature and tempering time.
Description of drawings
The metallographic structure of Fig. 1 ultrahigh-intensity high-toughness easy-to-weld superfine austenite crystal steel.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment ultrahigh-intensity high-toughness easy-to-weld superfine austenite crystal steel and the manufacture method thereof that the present invention relates to is described in further detail.
The ultrahigh-intensity high-toughness easy-to-weld superfine austenite crystal steel, its chemical ingredients is listed in table 1.
Table 1: the chemical ingredients of steel of the present invention (wt%)
Annotate: the unit of element chemistry compositions such as B, O, N is ppm in the table.Pb+Sn+As+Sb+Bi≦0.15％。
The manufacture method and the implementation result thereof of these several invention steel are as follows:
Embodiment 1
Invention steel 1 adopts dark desulfurization of molten iron and pre-dephosphorizing technology, make S ≦ 0.005, P ≦ 0.015 in the molten iron, in 150 tons of converters, carry out top bottom blowing, molten steel is after Argon is handled, pass through vacuum-treat again, make chemical ingredients in the steel satisfy the requirement of table 1, surplus is Fe and unavoidable impurities element.Molten steel further is cast into the slab of 240mm * 1450mm section, on the 2150mm milling train, is made into the hot-rolled sheet that thickness of slab is 3-12mm then.Wherein, main hot continuous rolling production technique is: slab heating temperature is 1150～1200 ℃, and it is 1120～1180 ℃ that roughing begins temperature, and the total draft of roughing is 60～70%, and the roughing end temp is 1000～1050 ℃.It is 930～980 ℃ that finish rolling begins temperature, and the total draft of finish rolling is 30～40%, and the finish rolling end temp is 850～920 ℃.Roll the back and adopt the laminar flow cooling, and batch at 530～650 ℃.Get the hot-rolled sheet that thickness of slab is 12mm, be processed into the workpiece that cross dimensions is 10mm * 60mm after, adopt induction heating to carry out extremely fast thermal cycling and quench.
Embodiment 2
Invention steel 2 is chosen sulphur, raw material that phosphorus content is low, adopts the 50Kg vacuum oven to smelt, and makes chemical ingredients in the steel satisfy the requirement of table 1, and surplus is Fe and unavoidable impurities element.Adopt protection of inert gas to cast then, every stove waters two ingots, and the ingot casting mean diameter is
After the excision of ingot casting rising head, forging becomes again
Bar.Main forging process is: blank is through 1150～1200 ℃ of heating, and it is 1120～1180 ℃ that rough forge begins temperature, and the total draft of rough forge is 60～80%, and the rough forge end temp is 1000～1050 ℃.It is 930～980 ℃ that finish forge begins temperature, and the total draft of finish forge is 20～40%, and the finish forge end temp is 850～950 ℃.The forging air cooling carries out the tempering of 520 ℃ * 10min again after room temperature.The long bar that makes of intercepting 1000mm adopts induction heating to carry out extremely fast thermal cycling and quenches.
Embodiment 3
Invention steel 3 adopts the 500Kg electric furnaces to smelt, and steelmaking feed is chosen sulphur, fine fodder that phosphorus content is low.The chemical ingredients of molten steel adopts protection of inert gas to cast after the fast branch in stokehold satisfies the requirement of table 1, and every stove waters an ingot, and ingot casting is of a size of
240 * 1000mm.After the excision of ingot casting rising head, forging becomes
Bar.After operations such as cross piercing, tandem rolling and sizing, bar is processed into the weldless steel tube of diameter 52mm * wall thickness 4.2mm.Main tube-rolling technique parameter is: blank carries out cross piercing after 1200～1250 ℃ of heating, and deflection is 60～70%; Carry out tube rolling at 1150～1100 ℃ then, carry out tension force at 850～900 ℃ and decide tube reducing, deflection is 30～40%.The steel pipe air cooling carries out the tempering of 550 ℃ * 10min again after room temperature.The long weldless steel tube that makes of intercepting 1000mm adopts induction heating to carry out extremely fast thermal cycling and quenches.
Extremely fast thermal cycling quenching that invention steel 1～3 adopts and tempering process parameters, austenite average grain size statistics and Mechanics Performance Testing the results are shown in Table 2.Wherein welded heat affecting zone (HAZ) flexible evaluation method is: adopt earlier Gleeble3500 trier simulation welding coarse grain zone tissue, the Thermal Cycle parameter comprises 1350 ℃ of maximum heating temperatures, 800～500 ℃ t cooling time accordingly
8/5It is 25 seconds; Charpy impact merit during then according to " the GB/T229-1994 metal summer is than test with notched test piece method " test simulation welding coarse grain zone-20 ℃.In addition, limited because of the thin-wall seamless steel pipe size, can not therefrom intercept the test that standard carries out ballistic work.In the present invention, adopt the hydraulic bursting test method that the normal temperature and the serial low temperature fracture behaviour of steel pipe are estimated, and, determined its corresponding ductile-brittle transition temperature in conjunction with the scanning electron microscopic observation of fracture.
Table 2: extremely fast thermal cycling quenching technology, microstructure and the Mechanics Performance Testing result of steel of the present invention
As can be seen from Table 2, according to the steel plate of the inventive method preparation,, all have the austenite crystal, superstrength of super-refinement, excellent low-temperature flexibility as invention steel 1-1～1-4,2-1,2-2,3-1 and 3-2 etc.; Invention steel 1-1～1-4,2-1 and 2-2 also have good HAZ toughness, and comparative steel 1-1,2-1 and 3-1 etc., although composition is identical with the foregoing invention steel respectively with heat forming technology, because of the quenching technology difference, corresponding microstructure and mechanical property all are inferior to the foregoing invention steel.
Claims (5)
1. ultrahigh-intensity high-toughness easy-to-weld superfine austenite crystal steel, it is characterized in that: the chemical ingredients of described steel is (wt%): C:0.04～0.14%, Mn:0.50～1.75%, Si:0.10～0.50%, S: ≦ 0.010%, P: ≦ 0.015%, Ni: ≦ 0.50%, Cr: ≦ 1.00%, Mo: ≦ 0.80%, V: ≦ 0.10%, Cu:0.10～0.30%, Al:0.010～0.050%, Ti:0.010～0.050%, Nb: ≦ 0.050%, B:0.0005～0.0020%, surplus is Fe and incidental impurity element, wherein the high-content of inclusion is: carefully be inclusion Shui Ping ≦ 2, slightly be inclusion Shui Ping ≦ 1, the content of steel inclusion " is disliked slightly visual field method-A most " by ASTM E45 standard and is measured; The Zong Han Liang ≦ 30ppm of oxygen, the Zong Han Liang ≦ 60ppm of nitrogen, perhaps oxygen, nitrogen Zong Liang ≦ 90ppm; The residual element total amount is (wt%) Pb+Sn+As+Sb+Bi: ≦ 0.15.
2. a kind of ultrahigh-intensity high-toughness easy-to-weld superfine austenite crystal steel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the original austenite of described steel is put down equal brilliant particle size ≦ 6.5 μ m, bends the strong degree ≧ 840Mpa of clothes, resists and draws strong degree ≧ 945Mpa, ductile-brittle transition temperature≤-60 ℃, carbon equivalent C
EQ(%) ≦ 0.60, welding crack Sensitivity Index P
CM(%) ≦ 0.30, C
EQAnd P
CMBe calculated as follows respectively:
C
EQ(％)＝C+Mn/6+(Cr+Mo+V)/5+(Ni+Cu)/15；
P
CM(％)＝C+(Mn+Cr+Cu)/20+Si/30+Mo/15+Ni/60+V/10+5B。
3. ultrahigh-intensity high-toughness easy-to-weld superfine austenite crystal steel according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the chemical ingredients of described steel is (wt%): C:0.04～0.12, Mn:0.70～1.60, Si:0.10～0.45, S: ≦ 0.008, P: ≦ 0.012, Ni: ≦ 0.35, Cr: ≦ 0.75, Mo: ≦ 0.60, V:0.01～0.08, Cu:0.10～0.30, Al:0.010～0.050, Ti:0.010～0.040, Nb: ≦ 0.050, B:0.0008～0.0020, [O+N]: ≦ 0.0090, Pb+Sn+As+Sb+Bi: ≦ 0.10, surplus are Fe and incidental impurity element; The original austenite of described steel is put down equal brilliant particle size ≦ 5.2 μ m, bends the strong degree ≧ 980Mpa of clothes, resists and draws strong degree ≧ 1050Mpa, and is tough-crisp commentaries on classics alternating temperature degree ≦-60 ℃, carbon equivalent C
EQ(%) ≦ 0.50%, welding crack Sensitivity Index P
CM(%) ≦ 0.28.
4. method of making claim 1 or 2 described ultrahigh-intensity high-toughness easy-to-weld superfine austenite crystal steels is characterized in that: said method comprising the steps of:
(1) adopts smelting Technology for Clean Steel, make the blank of square billet, slab or circle base cross-sectional shape;
(2) with after the above-mentioned blank heating through after rolling, forging or the cross piercing distortion, obtain required tabular, bar-shaped or piped profile and size;
(3) tabular, the bar-shaped or tubular workpiece after will being shaped is at Ac
1Following temperature is carried out temper;
(4) adopt direct resistive heating or induction heating mode, tabular, bar-shaped or tubular workpiece is heated to actual Ac with the speed of 100～500 ℃/s
3More than 50～100 ℃, soaking time is no more than 60 seconds, 50～500 ℃/s of quench cooling rate is reduced near room temperature the temperature of steel rapidly; Tabular, bar-shaped or not tempering of tubular workpiece after the quenching is perhaps at Ac
1Following temperature tempering is in short-term made and is satisfied the finished product that use properties requires.
5. method of making the described ultrahigh-intensity high-toughness easy-to-weld superfine austenite crystal steel of claim 3 is characterized in that: said method comprising the steps of:
(1) adopts smelting Technology for Clean Steel, make the blank of square billet, slab or circle base cross-sectional shape;
(2) with blank heating to 1200～1250 ℃, carry out the thermal distortion of multi-pass then; Roughing or rough forge temperature are 1150～1200 ℃, and deflection is 60～70%; Finish rolling or finish forge temperature are 850～950 ℃, and deflection is 30～40%; The back acquisition that is shaped has tabular, bar-shaped or piped profile and size;
(3) workpiece after will being shaped was 500～650 ℃ of tempering 2～30 minutes;
(4) adopt direct resistive heating or induction heating mode, will be heated to about 1000 ℃ with the speed of 200 ℃/s through the workpiece of temper, the residence time under this temperature is no more than 30 seconds; Then it is immersed in the water-based hardening liquid and quench, drop near room temperature 100～500 ℃/s of quench cooling rate, the not tempering of workpiece after quench treatment up to temperature.
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