CN101474732A - Method for welding railway vehicle side wallboard - Google Patents
Method for welding railway vehicle side wallboard Download PDFInfo
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- CN101474732A CN101474732A CNA2009100085899A CN200910008589A CN101474732A CN 101474732 A CN101474732 A CN 101474732A CN A2009100085899 A CNA2009100085899 A CN A2009100085899A CN 200910008589 A CN200910008589 A CN 200910008589A CN 101474732 A CN101474732 A CN 101474732A
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- side wallboard
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for welding side wall plates of a train lorry, including the steps: (a) the side wall plates are stretched along the direction of the welding edges of the side wall plates so as to cause the side wall plates to be elastically deformed; and (b) a plurality of elastically deformed side wall plates in the step (a) are respectively paired to be welded, and the drawing force causing the side wall plates to be elastically deformed is maintained during welding. The method has the technical scheme that before the side wall palates are welded, certain. stretching stress is applied to both ends of each side wall plate along the direction of one welding edge so as to elastically deform each side wall plate to a certain degree. When the side wall plates are elastically deformed, pull stress is generated in each side wall plate; in the process of welding, crystal grains are heated to be expanded and are mutually extruded; and the existence of the pull stress counteracts the thermal expansion pressure stress among the crystal grains, thus the plastic deformation of the crystal grains can be eliminated or lessened, thereby preventing a welding seam from being retracted, and effectively reducing the planeness of the side wall plate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to welding method, be specifically related to a kind of welding method of railway vehicle side wallboard.
Background technology
The railway freight-car open-top car is mainly born the transport of railway bulk goods, as coal, log, coke or ore etc.The truck body mainly is made up of side wall, headwall and underframe, and wherein the primary structure of side wall is a sheet-pile shape structure, and the steel plate by 5mm about thick and the lateral column of bathtub construction are welded.
In the welding process of side wall, lateral column and side wall steel plate is integrally welded, be assembled into the open-top car structure with headwall and underframe then.Under prior art, the welding of side wall is that the polylith framed side wallboard is carried out assembly welding under free state or impaction state, promptly earlier framed side wallboard is mated formation to the side wall group on the anchor clamps, positions welding between the framed side wallboard now, and then lateral column and framed side wallboard group is right.After framed side wallboard and lateral column assembling are finished, carry out the welding of framed side wallboard.During welding, produce compression each other during the crystal grain expanded by heating of survey wall board material, therefore can make crystal grain produce permanent plastic deformation; After the cooling, intercrystalline forms tension makes weld seam shrink distortion, finally makes side wall produce the convex-concave distortion, therefore causes side wall bigger flatness problem to occur, influences the presentation quality of open-top car.
In order to solve the flatness problem that occurs in the railway freight-car side wall welding process, people have carried out a lot of improvement to the welding method of framed side wallboard.See also Fig. 1, for solving the lateral column prestrain method that side wall welding flatness problem is adopted under the prior art.In the method, with 2 groups of framed side wallboard 1 and lateral columns to after, lateral column 2 is applied external force F makes it that certain deformation take place, to reduce the crooked agency's of lateral column side wall distortion.But because side wall flatness problem mainly is because framed side wallboard contraction of weld seam in welding process is caused, so the lateral column prestrain method can not effectively solve the problem on deformation of framed side wallboard.
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 under the prior art for solving the method for the change welding sequence that side wall flatness problem adopted.In Fig. 2, with a plurality of framed side wallboard 1a and lateral column 1b group to after, weld according to order 1. → 2. → 3. → 4. → 5., promptly begin welding from the framed side wallboard of centre and lateral column earlier after, weld successively to two ends simultaneously then.In Fig. 3, with a plurality of framed side wallboard 2a and 2b group to after, weld according to order 1. → 2. → 3. → 4. → 5., promptly begin welding from the framed side wallboard of centre earlier after, then simultaneously to two ends welding at interval.In the process of welding, after the crystal grain expanded by heating generation plastic deformation,, all can not stop the contraction of the weld seam that the plastic deformation of crystal grain causes in any case change welding sequence, finally still can not solve the deformation of unevenness of framed side wallboard.
Therefore, need a kind of welding method that can reduce the framed side wallboard of rolling stock side wall flatness.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention solves is to provide a kind of welding method that can reduce the framed side wallboard of rolling stock side wall flatness.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of welding method of railway vehicle side wallboard, comprise step:
A) the toe direction tensile side wallboard along framed side wallboard makes it produce strain;
B), keep during welding making framed side wallboard produce the tensile force of strain with the framed side wallboard welding of strain in a plurality of step a);
Preferably, from the group of framed side wallboard to the centre of toe to two ends weld side wallboard.
Preferably, adopt the hydraulic tensioning device that framed side wallboard is stretched at the two ends of described framed side wallboard.
Preferably, described hydraulic tensioning device comprises the hoisting tongs of nip side wallboard, the hydraulic cylinder that is connected with hoisting tongs.
Preferably, step a) comprises
A0) framed side wallboard is mated formation on the assembly welding anchor clamps, make framed side wallboard location.
Preferably, also comprise step after the step b):
C) unloading makes framed side wallboard produce the tensile force of strain.
Preferably, also comprise step after the step c):
D) with lateral column with the welding after the framed side wallboard group to welding.
Preferably, the elastic deformation amount of described framed side wallboard is no more than 2mm.
The invention provides a kind of welding method of railway freight-car framed side wallboard.When the welding railroad framed side wallboard, when weld seam local heating expanded, the intergranule of material internal produced the plastic deformation that compression causes crystal grain mutually, and the result makes weld seam shrink distortion; After the cooling, have, finally increase the flatness of framed side wallboard because the tension of intergranule makes framed side wallboard generation convex-concave be out of shape.The present invention is before the weld side wallboard, toe direction tensile side wallboard along framed side wallboard makes it produce certain elastic deformation, thereby make and produce tension at material internal, when the weld seam expanded by heating, this tension can be offset the compression of intergranule, thereby eliminate or reduce the plastic deformation of crystal grain, thereby eliminate or reduce the contraction distortion of weld seam, finally reduce the flatness of framed side wallboard.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 be under the prior art in for solving the schematic diagram of the lateral column prestrain method that side wall welding flatness problem adopts;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the first method that solves the change welding sequence that side wall welding flatness problem adopts under the prior art;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the second method that solves the change welding sequence that side wall welding flatness problem adopts in the prior art;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of first kind of specific embodiment of framed side wallboard welding method provided by the invention;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of stretching device used in the framed side wallboard welding method provided by the invention;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of second kind of specific embodiment of framed side wallboard welding method provided by the invention.
The specific embodiment
Core of the present invention provides a kind of welding method that is used for the railway freight-car framed side wallboard, better understands technical scheme of the present invention in order to make those skilled in the art, and the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Please refer to Fig. 4, Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of first kind of specific embodiment of framed side wallboard welding method provided by the invention.The lorry side wall length that needs preparation is 8m, highly is 2.5m.At first kind of embodiment eventually, steel plate being cut into length respectively is that 8m, width are that first framed side wallboard 11 and the length of 1.4m is that 8m, width are second framed side wallboard 12 of 1.1m.
First framed side wallboard 11 comprises two relative long limit 11a, 11b and relative minor face 11c, the 11d that are connected two long limits.Second framed side wallboard 12 comprises two relative long limit 12a, 12b and relative minor face 12c, the 12d that are connected two long limits.
For two framed side wallboards being stretching in the inner internal stress that produces, the present invention further provides hydraulic tensioning device 21, as shown in Figure 5, be hydraulic tensioning schematic representation of apparatus provided by the invention, this hydraulic tensioning device 21 comprises the hoisting tongs 21 of clamping steel plate and connects the hydraulic jack 21b of described hoisting tongs.
Before the welding, first framed side wallboard 11 and second framed side wallboard 12 are mated formation a long limit 12a adjacent set that on assembly welding anchor clamps (not shown) makes the long limit 11a of first framed side wallboard and second framed side wallboard to two framed side wallboards location.According to the present invention, described assembly welding anchor clamps belong to equipment well known to those skilled in the art.
Behind two framed side wallboard location, utilize the hoisting tongs 21a of hydraulic tensioning device 21 to be clamped in respectively on two minor face 12c, the 12d of two minor face 11c, 11d of first framed side wallboard 11 and second framed side wallboard 12, apply the tensile force of equal intensities at two framed side wallboard two ends, the size of tensile force should make two framed side wallboards produce the strain that is no more than 2mm.
After first framed side wallboard 11 and second framed side wallboard 12 produce strain, keep the tensile stress of hydraulic tensioning 21 devices constant, from assembly welding limit 11a, the weldering of 12a center of two framed side wallboards, then simultaneously to the welding of the two ends on assembly welding limit, up to the welding of finishing two framed side wallboards.
After finishing the welding of two framed side wallboards, the tensile stress that unloading hydraulic tensioning device 21 applies at two framed side wallboards, 11,12 two ends, the strain of two framed side wallboards of recovery.
Another long limit 11b group of 13 and first framed side wallboard of putting the beams in place is right, again that a plurality of lateral columns 14 are right with upper beam and two 11,12 groups of framed side wallboards.During welding, provide movably tooled joint car (not shown) will put the beams in place 13 and lateral column 14 be pressed on the framed side wallboard, finish welding.
According to the present invention, before the framed side wallboard welding, apply certain tensile stress at the framed side wallboard two ends along the toe direction, make framed side wallboard produce certain elastic deformation.During welding, keep the tensile stress at framed side wallboard two ends, keep the strain of framed side wallboard.When framed side wallboard produces strain, in the inner tension that produces of framed side wallboard, in the process of welding, when the crystal grain expanded by heating pushes mutually, because intercrystalline thermal expansion compression has been offset in the existence of tension, therefore can eliminate or reduce the plastic deformation of crystal grain, shrink thereby avoid weld seam to produce, effectively reduce the flatness of framed side wallboard.
According to the present invention, for making crystal grain, the compression that prevents the crystal grain expanded by heating causes permanent plastic deformation, when framed side wallboard is stretched, as long as can prevent that in the inner tension that produces of framed side wallboard the suffered thermal expansion compression of crystal grain from causing permanent plastic deformation to it along the direction tensile side wallboard of toe.For the hydraulic tensioning device, also can adopt the electric pushrod mode to replace making the inner tension that produces of framed side wallboard.
Can also be further improved above embodiment.
Please refer to Fig. 6, Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of second kind of specific embodiment of framed side wallboard drawing process provided by the invention.The lorry side wall length that needs preparation is 8m, highly is 2.5m.It is a plurality of the 3rd framed side wallboards 101 of 1m～1.5m for 2.5m, width highly that steel plate is cut into respectively.
The 3rd framed side wallboard 101 comprises two relative long limit 101a, 101b and relative minor face 101c, the 101d that are connected two long limits.
Before the welding, a plurality of the 3rd framed side wallboards are mated formation on the assembly welding anchor clamps, make the long limit of each the 3rd framed side wallboard adjacent with a plurality of the 3rd framed side wallboards location, the minor face group of the 3rd framed side wallboard is to forming the long limit of lorry side wall.
Behind above-mentioned a plurality of the 3rd framed side wallboards location, utilize the hoisting tongs of hydraulic means 21 to be clamped in respectively on two minor face 101c, the 101d of each the 3rd framed side wallboard, apply the tensile stress of equal intensities at the two ends of each the 3rd framed side wallboard, the size of tensile force makes each the 3rd framed side wallboard produce the strain that is no more than 2mm.
After above-mentioned a plurality of the 3rd framed side wallboard produces strain, keep the tensile stress of each hydraulic tensioning device 21 constant, from assembly welding limit 101a, the weldering of 101b center of two adjacent the 3rd framed side wallboards, then simultaneously to the welding of the two ends on assembly welding limit, up to the welding of finishing a plurality of the 3rd framed side wallboards.
After finishing the welding of above-mentioned a plurality of the 3rd framed side wallboards, unloading hydraulic means 21 recovers the strain of the 3rd framed side wallboard in the tensile stress that the 3rd framed side wallboard two ends apply.
In the present embodiment, it is that 2.5mm, width are a plurality of the 3rd framed side wallboards of 1mm～1.5mm that the present invention is cut into a plurality of height with steel plate, apply tensile force simultaneously at the two ends of each the 3rd framed side wallboard then, make it that strain take place, in the inner tension that produces of the 3rd framed side wallboard; Group to the time, with the long limit adjacent set of the 3rd framed side wallboard to welding.Identical with first kind of concrete principle of implementing, the tension of framed side wallboard inside can prevent that the crystal grain thermal expansion stresses from causing permanent plastic deformation to crystal grain, has avoided the contraction of weld seam effectively, has therefore finally reduced the flatness of framed side wallboard.
More than side wall welding method provided by the present invention is described in detail.Used specific case herein principle of the present invention and embodiment are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment just is used for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof.Should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention, can also carry out some improvement and modification to the present invention, these improvement and modification also fall in the protection domain of claim of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of welding method of railway vehicle side wallboard comprises step:
A) the toe direction tensile side wallboard along framed side wallboard makes it produce strain;
B), keep during welding making framed side wallboard produce the tensile force of strain with the framed side wallboard welding of strain in a plurality of step a).
2, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that in the step b) from the group of framed side wallboard the centre of toe to two ends weld side wallboard.
3, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that adopting the hydraulic tensioning device that framed side wallboard is stretched at the two ends of framed side wallboard in the step b).
4, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described hydraulic tensioning device comprises the hoisting tongs of nip side wallboard, the hydraulic cylinder that is connected with hoisting tongs.
5, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that step a) also comprises step before:
A0) framed side wallboard is mated formation on the assembly welding anchor clamps, make framed side wallboard location.
6, welding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that step b) also comprises step afterwards:
C) unloading makes framed side wallboard produce the tensile force of strain.
7, welding method according to claim 6 is characterized in that step c) also comprises step afterwards:
D) with lateral column with the welding after the framed side wallboard group to welding.
8, according to each described method of claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that the elastic deformation amount of described framed side wallboard is no more than 2mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100085899A CN101474732B (en) | 2009-02-03 | 2009-02-03 | Method for welding railway vehicle side wallboard |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100085899A CN101474732B (en) | 2009-02-03 | 2009-02-03 | Method for welding railway vehicle side wallboard |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101474732A true CN101474732A (en) | 2009-07-08 |
| CN101474732B CN101474732B (en) | 2012-07-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100085899A Expired - Fee Related CN101474732B (en) | 2009-02-03 | 2009-02-03 | Method for welding railway vehicle side wallboard |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102029475A (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2011-04-27 | 唐山轨道客车有限责任公司 | Welding deformation control method for aluminum alloy plate |
| CN102151961A (en) * | 2011-03-02 | 2011-08-17 | 南车株洲电力机车有限公司 | Method for leveling side-wall welding deformation of urban rail vehicle |
| CN108672890A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-10-19 | 温州大学 | It is a kind of can plus load high-strength steel welding system and welding method |
| CN110560897A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2019-12-13 | 南京中车浦镇城轨车辆有限责任公司 | Assembly welding method for integral side wall of plate beam of rail vehicle |
| CN112643201A (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2021-04-13 | 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司 | Side wall manufacturing method, side wall, carriage and rail vehicle |
| CN115055868A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-09-16 | 中车太原机车车辆有限公司 | A liquid-cooled sidewall welding mold and method of use |
-
2009
- 2009-02-03 CN CN2009100085899A patent/CN101474732B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102029475A (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2011-04-27 | 唐山轨道客车有限责任公司 | Welding deformation control method for aluminum alloy plate |
| CN102151961A (en) * | 2011-03-02 | 2011-08-17 | 南车株洲电力机车有限公司 | Method for leveling side-wall welding deformation of urban rail vehicle |
| CN108672890A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-10-19 | 温州大学 | It is a kind of can plus load high-strength steel welding system and welding method |
| CN108672890B (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2021-02-12 | 温州大学 | Welding system and welding method for high-strength steel capable of applying external load |
| CN110560897A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2019-12-13 | 南京中车浦镇城轨车辆有限责任公司 | Assembly welding method for integral side wall of plate beam of rail vehicle |
| CN112643201A (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2021-04-13 | 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司 | Side wall manufacturing method, side wall, carriage and rail vehicle |
| CN115055868A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-09-16 | 中车太原机车车辆有限公司 | A liquid-cooled sidewall welding mold and method of use |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101474732B (en) | 2012-07-04 |
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Application publication date: 20090708 Assignee: DALIAN QICHE TRACK TRAFFIC EQUIPMENT Co.,Ltd. Assignor: QIQIHAR RAILWAY ROLLING STOCK Co.,Ltd. Contract record no.: 2013990000289 Denomination of invention: Method for welding railway vehicle side wallboard Granted publication date: 20120704 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20130604 |
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