CN101466340B - 束带的吸收性衣物 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种吸收性衣物,如纸尿裤和失禁防护服,所述衣物包括第一身体裁片(16)、第二身体裁片(17)和他们之间的裆部(13)。所述衣物具有相对的侧向延伸的束带元件(17),所述束带元件连接到第一身体裁片(11)的腰部且适于围绕衣物穿戴者腰部缠绕并用第一紧固装置(18)紧固在一起。第二身体裁片(12)在其腰部具有适于紧固到束带元件(17)上的第二紧固装置(19),这样衣物将形成类似裤子的形状。在横向方向(x)上沿第一身体裁片(11)腰部(11a)延伸的腰带(20)将所述束带元件(17)互连。至少束带元件(17)之一包括一个位于所述束带元件的毗邻所述腰带(20)的基端处的弹性区(17a)。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有束带的吸收性衣物,如纸尿裤和失禁防护服,所述束带作为用于将所述衣物围绕穿戴者腰部连接的紧固装置的部件。
背景技术
所谓束带的吸收性衣物包括适于用在穿戴者腹部的前部身体裁片、适于用在穿戴者背部的后部身体裁片、和适于在穿戴者两腿之间裆部延伸的裆部。衣物还包括一对相对的侧向延伸的束带元件,所述束带元件通常固定在后裁片的腰部上。这些束带部分适于围绕所述衣物穿戴者的腰部缠绕并用第一紧固装置如粘性带或机械紧固装置如钩-环紧固件紧固在一起。然后将前裁片从穿戴者的两腿之间穿过,并由设置在前裁片腰部的第二紧固装置将前裁片紧固在束带元件的外部。所述衣物然后将呈类似裤子的形状。可替换地,可将束带部分设置在前裁片上,并将第二紧固装置设置在后裁片上。由于通常前裁片和后裁片在形状和尺寸上或多或少是相同的,因此穿戴者或受护者可在个性化优选后应用本物品,以便可将前裁片用作后裁片并反之亦然。
束带提供调整吸收性衣物合适度的改进的可能性。尤其当穿戴者站立时,其进一步简化了衣物的调整。
可在如EP-A-0 287 388、EP-A-0 409 307、EP-A-0 605 012和FR-A-2 586558中找到束带的吸收性衣物的实例。
为了进一步改善舒适度和合适度,使部分束带为弹性也是已知的。JP-B-3471999公开了一种束带纸尿裤,其中束带部分连接到后裁片的侧边缘且在其各自基端处具有允许将束带部分沿其长度方向延伸的可拉伸部。所述纸尿裤的后裁片还具有一个弹性部(腰部弹性部分)。
EP-A-1 110 529公开了一种束带纸尿裤,其中束带元件被通过粘结剂边在纸尿裤后裁片外侧的腰带互连在一起。靠近束带元件末端的一部分可以是弹性的。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种束带的吸收性衣物,其具有改进的舒适度和合适度,且其可由成本有效的制造过程制作。根据本发明,这已由衣物实现,所述衣物具有束带元件,所述束带元件被沿第一身体裁片腰部在横向方向上延伸的腰带互连在一起。其中至少束带元件之一包括一个弹性区,所述弹性区位于毗邻所述腰带的所述束带元件的基端。
在一个实施方案中,弹性区伸出长度不超过各束带元件长度的50%,优选不超过40%且更优选不超过各束带元件长度的30%。
另一方面,弹性区自各侧向延伸的束带元件伸出长度至少为1cm,优选至少2cm。
弹性元件可包括弹性膜或弹性叠压片。可替换地,其包括一根或多根可收缩地固定于网材料之间的弹性丝或带。
在一个实施方案中,弹性元件伸过第一身体裁片的腰部且与第一身体裁片的腰部以面对面形式连接于其面对衣物侧或面对穿戴者侧或第一身体裁片中所包括的材料层之间。
在一个替换实施例中,弹性元件连接于第一身体裁片腰部的末端边缘,以便形成所述腰部的纵向延伸部。
本发明的一方面,第一和第二紧固装置包括钩元件,且至少部分背对穿戴者身体的束带元件外表面由适于充当与所述钩元件配合的环材料的材料制成。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,束带元件的弹性区部具有对比颜色、图案或标记以便可与束带元件的其余部分区别开,或可替换地所述束带元件的其余部分具有形成对比的颜色、图案或标记以便与所述弹性区区别开。
附图说明
下文将参考附图所示实施方案更细致地描述本发明。
图1显示根据本发明一个实施方案的束带纸尿裤从面对穿戴者侧看去的平面图;
图2为图1中束带纸尿裤从面对衣物侧看去的局部平面图;
图3为根据修改实施方案的束带纸尿裤从面对衣物侧看去的局部平面图;
图4为根据又一实施方案的束带纸尿裤从面对衣物侧看去的局部平面图;
图5和6演示如何将束带纸尿裤给穿戴者穿上。
具体实施方式
附图中的图1显示一个纸尿裤或失禁防护服10形式的吸收性衣物的实施方案,其包括第一身体裁片11,图中所示实施方案中的第一身体裁片11是衣物上的在使用中要绕穿戴者的背部和后髋部延伸的部分。所述衣物还包括第二身体裁片12,所述第二身体裁片12在所示实施方案中是纸尿裤上的在使用中要绕穿戴者的腹部和前髋部延伸的部分。所述第一身体裁片和第二身体裁片11和12各自具有腰部11a和12a。应理解,在其他实施方案中,第一身体裁片11也可以是前部身体裁片且第二身体裁片12可以是后部身体裁片。衣物10的裆部13是衣物上的在使用中伸过穿戴者两腿之间的裆部区域的部分。吸收芯14被设置在裆部13且伸入第一和第二身体裁片11和12中。将吸收芯14设置在内面层15和外面层16之间。衣物具有纵向方向y和横向方向x。
术语“内面层”指形成吸收性衣物内覆层的透液材料层,且在使用中所述内面层处于直接与穿戴者皮肤接触的部位。内面层可包括无纺材料,如纺粘、熔喷、梳理成网、水力针刺、湿法成网等材料。合适的无纺材料可由天然纤维如木浆或棉纤维、人造纤维如聚酯、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、粘胶纤维、人造丝等或由天然和人造纤维的混合物制成。内面层材料还可由亚麻纤维制成,所述亚麻纤维可在粘结模型中互相粘结,如EP-A-1035818所公开的。还有内面层材料的实施例是多孔泡沫、多孔塑料膜等。适合作内面层的材料应柔软、对皮肤不刺激且体液如尿液或经液可直接透过。在吸收性衣物的不同部位内面层还可以是不同的。
“外面层”指形成吸收性衣物外覆层的材料。在吸收性衣物的不同部位外面层可以是相同的或不同的。至少在吸收芯区外面层包括不透液材料塑料薄膜如聚乙烯或聚丙烯膜、具有不透液材料涂层的无纺材料、防止液体透过的疏水无纺材料、或塑料薄膜与无纺材料的叠压片。外面层材料可透气以便蒸汽从吸收芯中排出,同时仍能防止液体从中透过。可透气外面层材料的实例有多孔聚合膜、纺粘与熔喷层的无纺叠压片和多孔聚合膜与无纺材料的叠压片。优选地,外面层在至少面对内衣表面上包括无纺材料。
“吸收芯”是设置在吸收性衣物的至少裆部的两个面层之间的吸收性结构。吸收芯可以是任意常规类型。通常出现的吸收性材料实例是纤维素绒毛浆、织物层、高吸收性聚合物(所谓的超级吸收体)、吸收性泡沫材料、吸收性无纺材料或类似物。通常将纤维素绒毛浆与超级吸收性聚合物组合在一种吸收芯中。超级吸收性聚合物是吸水膨胀、不溶于水的有机或无机材料,其能吸收至少约其20倍重量的含有重量百分比为0.9%的氯化钠的水溶液。适合用作超级吸收材料的有机材料可包括天然材料如多糖、多肽和类似物、及合成材料如合成水凝胶聚合物。该合成水凝胶聚合物包括如聚丙烯酸碱金属盐、聚丙烯酸酰胺、聚乙烯醇、聚丙烯酸酯、聚丙烯酸酰胺、聚乙烯吡啶、和类似物。其他合适的聚合物包括水解丙烯腈接枝淀粉、丙烯酸接枝淀粉、和异丁烯马来酸酐共聚及其混合物。水凝胶聚合物优选轻度交联以使材料基本不溶于水。优选超级吸收材料进一步是表面交联的以便超级吸收颗粒、丝、片、球等的外表面或壳与超级吸收体的内部相比具有较高交联密度。超级吸收材料可以是适用于吸收性组合物的任意形状包括颗粒、丝、片、球、和类似形状。
通过使用大量吸收性材料提供高储液能力。对包括亲水丝(如纤维丝)基体和超级吸收性材料的吸收芯来说,超级吸收性材料的重量比例优选在10%到90%之间,更优选地在30%到70%。
吸收性衣物具有包括不同属性层的吸收芯是常规的,所述不同属性对应于液体吸收能力、液体分配能力和储藏能力。在如婴儿纸尿裤和失禁防护服中通用的薄吸收体通常包括纤维绒毛浆和超级吸收聚合物的挤压、混合或分层结构。可改变吸收芯的尺寸和吸收能力以适应不同用途,如婴儿或成年失禁者。
吸收芯还可包括位于主吸收体顶部的获得分配层,其适于将排泄液在其被主吸收芯吸收之前快速接收和临时储存。该获得分配层在本领域是公知的且可由多孔纤维垫或泡沫材料组成。
将一对束带元件17连接到第一身体裁片11的腰部,且可使其围绕衣物穿戴者的腰部缠绕并由第一紧固装置18紧固在一起,所述第一紧固装置18如机械紧固件,尤其如钩-环搭紧固装置的钩紧固件。
尤其如果相对的束带元件的外表面包括纤维无纺布,则相对的束带元件的外表面可用作环材料。机械紧固件的其他实施例是扣和眼或扣环、按扣和类似物。可以将所述扣紧固在束带或衣物上。
“钩-环紧固件”指具有“钩”部和“环”部、且可重复紧固的互补型紧固装置。此处所用术语“钩”指能够与另一元件接合的任意元件,所述另一元件即所谓的“环”部。术语“钩”不仅仅限于常规意义的“钩”,而是涵盖任意形式的接合元件,不论单向或双向。术语“环”同样不仅仅限于常规意义的“环”,而是涵盖任意能与“钩”紧固件接合的结构。“环”材料的实例是纤维结构,如无纺材料。例如,钩-环紧固件可获自美国的Velcro。
可替换地,第一紧固装置18可以是粘性紧固件如胶贴,其中相对的束带元件17的外表面可具有能与胶贴粘结的材料。
前裁片12腰部12a的侧边缘处具有第二紧固装置19,如图1所示。这些第二紧固装置19是机械紧固件,如钩紧固件、扣和眼或扣环、或粘性带紧固件,且用于紧固到束带元件17的外表面。
束带元件17的宽度应为5cm到20cm,优选7到15cm。
束带元件17可优选由形成束带外表面的承载材料和形成与使用者皮肤直接接触的束带内表面的柔软无纺布的叠压片制成。
合适的无纺材料可以是如聚丙烯或聚乙烯纤维的纺粘材料。也可使用共轭纤维。另一合适无纺材料是由如聚丙烯、聚酯或共轭纤维的梳理成网热粘合法材料制成。
束带元件的外表面如承载材料应适于用作紧固装置18的接受表面。如果紧固是钩紧固件,无纺布材料可用作承载材料。如果紧固装置18是胶贴,塑料膜适合作为承载材料。
各束带元件17在其毗邻第一身体裁片11的基端处包括一个弹性区17a。所述弹性区17a可为弹性网材料形式,如弹性膜、弹性无纺布、弹性叠压片或类似物。所述弹性叠压片可以是两层或更多层无纺布、两层或更多层膜或膜与无纺布层的组合之间的叠压片。
适合形成所述弹性区17a的弹性叠压片实例是本领域已知的任意弹性叠压片。一组弹性叠压片是所谓的“拉紧-结合”叠压片,其中将弹性层在与一个或多个非弹性层叠压之前沿至少一个方向拉紧。张力从弹性层去掉后,它能自动收缩到其无张力状态,且与其叠压的非弹性层聚集,形成三维皱褶。
另一组弹性叠压片是所谓的“颈-结合”叠压片,其指的是这样的叠压片,其中当非弹性元件在减小其宽度或颈缩状态下伸展时,将弹性材料与非弹性材料结合。“颈结合的叠压片”指具有至少两层的合成材料,其中一层是颈缩、无弹性层且另一层是弹性层。当非弹性层处于伸展状态下时将所述层结合在一起。
又一组弹性叠压片公开在WO/047488中,其中将非弹性无纺布层叠压在弹性膜层上,且拉紧叠压片超过无纺布材料的疲劳点以致非弹性层断裂。
EP-B-0 646 062、WO 98/29251、WO03/000165和US-A-5,226,992中描述了弹性叠压片的实例。可商用的弹性叠压片实例是自Tredegar的Fabriflex 306和自Nordenia的PK 6358。
按如下描述的伸缩性检测来测量,弹性区17a应具有至少30%的伸缩性。
可替换地弹性区17a包括可收缩地固定于网材料层之间的一根或多根弹性丝或带。
在一替换实施方案中,仅一个束带元件17具有弹性区17a。
优选弹性区17a伸出长度不超过各束带元件长度的50%,优选不超过各束带元件17长度的40%且更优选不超过各束带元件17长度的30%。这是由于如果连接到弹性区的话紧固装置18和19的有效性会被降低,因为弹性区可扩展和/或收缩且从而削弱紧固装置和弹性区之间的结合。进一步优选各弹性区17a的活动部分自各侧向延伸的束带元件17的伸出长度a至少1cm,优选至少2cm。所述弹性区17a的活动部分a指的是没有因与非弹性束带元件17结合而被固定(inactive)的弹性区部分。如图2所示。这样与非弹性元件17重叠且结合的弹性区17a部分不包括在活动部分a中。
在横向方向x上沿第一身体裁片11腰部延伸的腰带20将束带元件17互连。腰带20可由与束带元件17相同的材料制成或由不同的网材料制成。
可将腰带20连接到第一身体裁片11的面对衣物侧,即图1和2所示毗邻腰部11a的外面层16。可替换地,将其连接到第一身体裁片11的面对穿戴者侧,即内面层,或内和外面层15和16之间。通过胶粘、超声波焊接、热熔或其他合适的结合技术将将腰带20连接到第一身体裁片11。
腰部弹性元件21在横向方向x上沿第二身体裁片12腰部12a的至少一部分延伸。腰部弹性元件可以是弹性网材料如弹性叠压片、弹性膜或类似物,其可收缩地在外面层13和内面层12之间连接到外面层的外侧或连接到内面层的面对穿戴者侧。可替换地,其包括可收缩地连接在外和内面层之间的两个或更多弹性丝或带。也可将相应的腰部弹性元件设置在第一身体裁片11的腰部11a处。
腿部开口也是弹性的,通常由一组弹性元件22如可收缩地连接在外和内面层之间的弹性丝实现所述弹性。所述衣物也可具有所谓的隔离环套,以具有改进的防漏安全性。这些隔离环套在某些情况下可替代腿部弹性体。
图3所示的实施方案中,将腰带20连接到第一身体裁片11的腰部11a的末端边缘内一定距离处以使所述腰部的一部分沿纵向方向y伸出腰带20。
图4所示的实施方案中,将腰带20连接到第一身体裁片11的腰部11a的末端边缘且沿纵向方向y伸出所述腰部。
当给穿戴者穿束带衣物时,将束带元件17绕衣物穿戴者腰部缠绕且通过第一紧固装置18紧固在一起。如图5所示。随后将第二身体裁片12从穿戴者的两腿之间穿过且由第二身体裁片12上具有的第二紧固装置19紧固在束带元件17的外侧,如图6所示。
本发明的一个实施方案中,束带元件17的弹性区17a由对比颜色、图案或标记所标示,以便使用者或护理者能直截了当辨认出,以指明不应将该区用作供搭扣构件18、19的连接表面,由于上文所述原因。可替换地,用所述对比颜色、图案或标记指明束带元件17的非弹性部分,以指明应将该区用作供搭扣构件18、19的连接表面。
弹性测试
该方法测量弹性材料在重复加荷载和去荷载的循环中的表现如何。将试样拉伸到预定伸长度,且在0和所述预定伸长度之间进行循环运动。记录想要的荷载和去荷载力。测量松弛材料的永久即残余伸长度。
使用能够进行循环运动且配有打印机/绘图仪或软件呈文的拉伸测试器Lloyd LRX。准备试样,将其切成宽度25mm且长度优选比拉伸测试器的夹具间距长20mm。
根据仪器说明书标定拉伸测试器。将测试(加荷载和去荷载力)所需参数调整到:
·滑块速度: 500mm/min
·夹具间距: 50mm
·预荷载: 0.05N
根据标记将试样设置在夹具上,且确保试样居中且垂直固定于夹具。启动拉伸测试器且在0和等于最高定义第一荷载的预定伸长度之间进行3个循环。在最后循环之前,将试样松弛1分钟,然后通过拉伸试样直到检测到0.1N的拉力时测量永久伸长度,且读出伸长度。
松弛后永久伸长度应小于10%且用上述方法测量。因此30%的伸长度被定义成在上述拉伸测试器上被拉伸到30%的伸长度后叠压片应该具有小于10%的永久松驰后伸长度后。30%的伸长度意味着伸张到的长度比试样原始长度长30%。
尽管上面仅描述了一些示例性实施方案,本领域的技术人员将容易理解许多修改是可能的,且任何这类修改旨在包括在下面权利要求定义的本发明的范围内。
Claims (11)
1.一种吸收性衣物,所述衣物具有纵向方向(y)和横向方向(x)且包括第一身体裁片(11)、第二身体裁片(12)和它们之间的裆部(13),所述第一和第二身体裁片都具有腰部(11a),所述衣物进一步具有相对的侧向延伸的束带元件(17),所述束带元件适于围绕衣物穿戴者腰部缠绕并用第一紧固装置(18)紧固在一起,第二身体裁片(12)在其腰部具有适于紧固到束带元件(17)上的第二紧固装置(19),这样衣物将形成类似裤子的形状,其特征在于,在横向方向(x)上沿第一身体裁片腰部延伸的腰带(20)将所述束带元件(17)互连,且至少束带元件(17)之一包括一个位于所述束带元件的毗邻所述腰带(20)的基端处的弹性区(17a),所述弹性区(17a)的延伸长度不超过各自束带元件(17)长度的50%,
其中,各束带元件(17)的弹性区(17a)具有对比颜色、图案或标记以便与束带元件的其余部分区别开,或可替换地所述束带元件的其余部分具有形成对比的颜色、图案或标记以便与所述弹性区(17a)区别开。
2.根据权利要求1所述的吸收性衣物,其特征在于,所述吸收性衣物为纸尿裤或失禁防护服。
3.根据权利要求1所述的吸收性衣物,其特征在于,所述弹性区(17a)的延伸长度不超过各自束带元件长度的40%。
4.根据权利要求3所述的吸收性衣物,其特征在于,所述弹性区(17a)的延伸长度不超过各自束带元件长度的30%。
5.根据权利要求3所述的吸收性衣物,其特征在于,所述弹性区(17a)自各自束带元件(17)的该延伸长度(a)至少为1cm。
6.根据权利要求5所述的吸收性衣物,其特征在于,所述弹性区(17a)自各自束带元件(17)的该延伸长度(a)至少为2cm。
7.根据前述任一权利要求所述的吸收性衣物,其特征在于,所述弹性区(17a)包括弹性膜或弹性叠压片。
8.根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的吸收性衣物,其特征在于,所述弹性区(17a)包括可收缩地固定于网材料之间的一根或多根弹性丝或带。
9.根据权利要求1所述的吸收性衣物,其特征在于,腰带(20)伸过第一身体裁片(11)腰部且以与第一身体裁片(11)腰部面对面的形式连接于其面对衣物侧或面对穿戴者侧或第一身体裁片中所包括的材料层之间。
10.根据权利要求1所述的吸收性衣物,其特征在于,所述腰带(20)连接于第一身体裁片(11)的腰部(11a)的上部边缘,以形成所述腰部的纵向方向(y)的延伸。
11.根据权利要求1所述的吸收性衣物,其特征在于,第一和第二紧固装置(18,19)包括钩元件,且至少部分背对穿戴者身体的束带元件(17)外表面由适于用作与所述钩元件配合的环材料的材料制成。
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US20120157954A1 (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2012-06-21 | Gregory Ashton | Disposable absorbent pant with efficient belted design and adjustable size manufacturability |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2006344791B2 (en) | 2013-06-06 |
BRPI0621808A2 (pt) | 2011-12-20 |
CN101466340A (zh) | 2009-06-24 |
EP2029079A4 (en) | 2011-06-22 |
EP2029079A1 (en) | 2009-03-04 |
WO2007149017A1 (en) | 2007-12-27 |
BRPI0621808B1 (pt) | 2018-01-30 |
MX2008014099A (es) | 2008-11-14 |
CA2656511A1 (en) | 2007-12-27 |
AU2006344791A1 (en) | 2007-12-27 |
JP2009540918A (ja) | 2009-11-26 |
JP4975811B2 (ja) | 2012-07-11 |
PL2029079T3 (pl) | 2013-01-31 |
US8852161B2 (en) | 2014-10-07 |
US20110245794A1 (en) | 2011-10-06 |
BRPI0621808B8 (pt) | 2021-06-22 |
EP2029079B1 (en) | 2012-08-08 |
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