CN101459275B - Portable wireless machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a portable radio device, which includes: first and second casings; a connection part that connects the first casing to the second casing so as to be freely rotatable; a first antenna element; a conductor element; a feeder having one end electrically connected to the first antenna element and the other end electrically connected to the conductor element; a second antenna element disposed in the second case near the connection; opening and a closed state detection section for detecting open and closed states of the first and second housings; and a switching section for selecting and switching any one of the first and second antenna elements in accordance with detection results of the housing open and closed state detecting section , so that it is connected to the signal processing section for performing signal processing, when the first and second casings are opened, the first antenna element and the conductor element form a dipole antenna; and when the first and second casings are opened When closed, the second antenna element and the conductor element form a monopole antenna.

Description

portable radio equipment

This application is a divisional application of an invention patent application whose title is "portable radio equipment", the application date is June 26, 2003, the application number is 03821619.1, and the applicant is Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.

technical field

The present invention relates to a portable radio device, such as a portable telephone, and more particularly to a portable radio device having a foldable housing.

Background technique

Portable radio equipment with a foldable structure generally has a mechanism including an upper case and a lower case connected by a hinge so as to be freely opened and closed. Thus, the portable radio can be in an open state and a closed state. From the point of view of such structural characteristics, portable radio equipment has two advantages, namely, high visibility and easy portability, and in the state where the equipment is opened for use (ie, the open state), the display screen can be enlarged. , and in the state where the device is closed for use (closed state), the device can be made compact.

As an antenna of a foldable portable phone, a protruding type antenna provided in a casing is disclosed in JP-A-2001-45123.

For such protruding antennas, helical antennas or extendable monopole antennas are usually used. Since the antenna portion protrudes from the case, it is possible to increase the antenna gain while holding the portable phone by hand.

However, since the antenna portion protrudes, when such a portable phone is taken out of a pocket or the like, the antenna is sometimes caught by a part of the pocket, making it difficult to take out the portable phone.

In comparison thereto, as an antenna contained in a casing of a foldable cellular phone, a strip line antenna is disclosed in JP-A-10-308618. Furthermore, in JP-A-2001-284934, an antenna including a hinge portion is disclosed. Furthermore, in JP-A-2001-156898, an antenna contained in an upper case is disclosed.

Also, as a flip type antenna included in a casing of a cellular phone, a coil type antenna is described in JP-A-9-64778, and in JP-A-10- A microstrip line antenna is described in 190330.

In addition, JP-A-10-84406 discloses an antenna comprising a plurality of elements, in which a dipole antenna used as a radiation element contained in an upper case and a non-feed element (non- feeding element) in combination.

Since the aforementioned antenna contained in the housing has no portion protruding from the housing, the antenna is not caught by pockets or the like. However, since the direction of the main polarized wave emitted from the antenna is limited to a specific direction, there will be a difference between the situation of holding the mobile phone with the left hand (the state of talking with the left hand) and the situation of holding the mobile phone with the right hand during a call. Between cases (right-hand talk state), undesired differences arise in the antenna gain.

Furthermore, in the antenna including the hinge portion, when the hinge portion is held by hand in a state where the portable phone is allowed to come close to the ear and the mouth to make a call (hereinafter referred to as a call state), since the antenna Partially covered by hands, so the antenna gain is sometimes undesirably reduced.

In addition, in the antenna including the reversing part, when the reversing part is closed, the main body of the mobile phone is allowed to approach the antenna part, which may lower the antenna gain.

Furthermore, in an antenna including a plurality of elements, when the upper case and the lower case are opened to make a call, when the portion close to the radiating element is covered with a hand, the antenna gain is undesirably lowered.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a portable radio device having an antenna which performs well in various usage conditions.

Contents of the invention

A portable radio device according to the present invention includes: a first housing; a second housing; a connecting portion connecting the first housing with the second housing so as to be freely rotatable; a first antenna element provided in the first housing; a conductor element provided in the second housing so as to form a dipole antenna together with the first antenna element; and a feeder having one end electrically connected to the first antenna element and the other end electrically connected to the conductor element .

According to this structure, the antenna elements housed respectively in the first and second housings collectively operate as a dipole antenna. Thus, in the use state where the portable radio equipment is held by hand, a high antenna gain can be obtained in use.

Furthermore, in the portable radio device according to the present invention, a plurality of first antenna elements are provided in the first housing, and a conversion section for converting the plurality of first antenna elements so as to connect them to the feeder.

According to this structure, a directional diversity effect can be obtained. In a talking state, high antenna gain can be obtained even when the portable radio is held by either of the left and right hands.

Also, in the portable radio device according to the present invention, the switching section performs switching to electrically connect the plurality of first antenna elements to the feeding section or to the conductor element, respectively.

According to this structure, a diversity effect with higher directivity is obtained in use.

Furthermore, in the portable radio device according to the present invention, a half-wavelength element electrically connected between at least one of the plurality of first antenna elements and the conversion section is further provided.

According to this structure, even when the portable radio equipment is closed, high antenna performance is obtained.

Furthermore, in the portable radio device according to the present invention, a plurality of half-wavelength elements are further provided, the half-wavelength elements are respectively electrically connected to the plurality of first antenna elements, and the conversion section selectively converts the plurality of antenna elements. a first antenna element and a plurality of half-wavelength elements, thereby connecting them to the feeder.

According to this structure, even when the portable radio equipment is closed, high antenna performance can be obtained, and a direction diversity effect can also be obtained.

Furthermore, in the portable radio device according to the present invention, impedance matching sections each corresponding to the plurality of first antenna elements are further provided.

According to this structure, even when the portable radio equipment is closed, high antenna performance can be obtained.

In addition, the portable radio device according to the present invention further includes: a case opening and closing state detection section for detecting whether the first case and the second case are opened to each other; The detection result of the closed state detection part is used to control the conversion part.

According to this structure, high antenna performance corresponding to the opened or closed state of the portable radio device can be obtained.

Furthermore, in the portable radio device according to the present invention, a control section for determining a reception level of the radio circuit section to control the switching section to increase the reception level is further provided.

According to this structure, high antenna performance can always be ensured in various usage states of the portable radio equipment.

Furthermore, in the portable radio device according to the present invention, the antenna element and the conductor element are formed in a plate shape along the surfaces of the first case and the second case, respectively.

According to this structure, the first antenna element and the conductor element are included in the first case and the second case, respectively. However, the first case and the second case can be formed with a small thickness, respectively, so that they are sufficient in use to meet the requirements of light and thin portable radio equipment.

Furthermore, in the portable radio device according to the present invention, a circuit board formed in the second housing and having the radio circuit is also provided. The conductor element is formed in a ground pattern formed on a circuit board provided in the second housing. A ground of the radio circuit section is electrically connected to the ground pattern, and a power feeding section is provided in the radio circuit section.

According to this structure, high antenna performance can be ensured, and a thin portable radio device can be easily produced.

In addition, the portable radio device according to the present invention further includes: a second antenna element provided in the second housing near the connecting portion; an opening and closing element for detecting the opening and closing states of the first housing and the second housing; a closed state detecting section; and a switching section for selecting and switching any one of the first antenna element and the second antenna element so as to be connected to a signal processing section for signal processing. When the first housing and the second housing are opened, the first antenna element and the conductor element form a dipole antenna, and when the first housing and the second housing are closed, the second antenna element and The conductor element forms a monopole antenna.

According to this structure, high antenna performance can be ensured even when the first case and the second case are opened or closed.

Furthermore, in the portable radio device according to the present invention, when the first case and the second case are opened, the switching portion selects the first antenna element, and when the upper case and the lower case are closed, The conversion unit selects the second antenna element.

According to this structure, high antenna performance can be ensured even when the upper case and the lower case are opened or closed.

In addition, the portable radio device according to the present invention further includes: a second antenna element provided in the second housing near the connecting portion; a reception field strength measuring portion for measuring the received field intensity of the first antenna element or the second antenna element. and a conversion section for selecting and switching an antenna element having a higher reception field strength in accordance with the measurement result of the reception field strength measurement section to be connected to a signal processing section for performing signal processing superior. The first antenna element has a first feed point electrically connected to the conductor element. The second antenna element has a second feed point electrically connected to the conductor element. When the first case and the second case are opened, the first feed point and the second feed point are disposed at diagonal positions on opposite sides.

According to this configuration, a high antenna gain can be obtained both in the speech state with the left hand and in the speech state with the right hand.

Furthermore, the portable radio device according to the present invention further includes: a first matching section for matching the impedance of the first antenna element with a predetermined value; and a second matching section for matching the impedance of the second antenna element with a predetermined value. matching department.

According to this structure, high antenna performance can be ensured.

In addition, the portable radio device according to the present invention further includes: a circuit board provided in the second housing; a plurality of feeders spaced apart from each other for supplying current to the antenna element; a radio circuit board provided in the circuit board. a circuit; and a switching section provided between the plurality of power feeders and the radio circuit to select and connect any one of the plurality of power feeders to the radio circuit.

According to this structure, the feeding position to the first antenna element can be changed. Therefore, since directivity can be changed, a direction diversity effect can be obtained, and high antenna performance can be obtained in a talking state.

The portable radio device according to the present invention further includes: a circuit board provided in the second housing; a radio circuit provided in the circuit board and electrically connected to the power feeding part; spaced apart from the power feeding part a ground portion to connect the antenna element to the circuit board; and a switching portion for switching such that the ground portion is connected to the circuit board or disconnecting the circuit board from the ground portion.

According to this structure, whether or not a part of the first antenna element separated from the feeder is grounded in the circuit board can be switched. Therefore, since directivity can be changed, a direction diversity effect can be obtained, and high antenna performance can be obtained in a talking state.

Furthermore, in the portable radio device according to the present invention, a plurality of ground portions are provided, and the ground portions are provided to be spaced apart in the end portion of the antenna element connected to the second case.

According to this configuration, since the directivity can be changed, a direction diversity effect can be obtained, and high antenna performance can be obtained in a talking state.

Furthermore, in the portable radio device according to the present invention, the switching sections respectively switch the ground sections.

According to this structure, whether or not each portion of the first antenna element separated from the feeder is grounded in the circuit board can be switched. Therefore, since directivity can be changed, a direction diversity effect can be obtained, and high antenna performance can be obtained in a talking state.

Furthermore, in the portable radio device according to the present invention, the connection portion has conductivity, and the ground portion is electrically connected to the antenna element through the connection portion.

According to this structure, the connection portion itself can be used as a feeder. Therefore, a step for arranging the feeder line is unnecessary, so that the number of assembly steps can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced.

Furthermore, in the portable radio device according to the present invention, the connection portion has conductivity, and the power feeding portion is electrically connected to the antenna element through the connection portion.

According to this structure, the connection portion itself can be used as a feeder. Therefore, a step for arranging the feeder line is unnecessary, so that the number of assembly steps can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced.

Furthermore, the portable radio device according to the present invention further includes: a control circuit for controlling the conversion section in accordance with the level of the reception signal received by the radio circuit.

According to such a configuration, the power feeding section or the ground section switches according to the level of the received signal. Therefore, high antenna performance can be obtained even when the portable radio equipment is held by the left or right hand in a talking state.

Furthermore, in the portable radio device according to the present invention, the first antenna element is an electric conductive frame forming a part of the first housing.

According to this structure, since the conductive frame forming a part of the upper case is used as an antenna element, the thickness of the portable radio device can be reduced.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a portable radio device in a first embodiment of the present invention;

2A and 2B are diagrams showing the directivity of the antenna in the portable radio device according to the first embodiment;

3A and 3B are explanatory views for explaining the state of use of the portable radio device according to the first embodiment;

4A and 4B are diagrams showing the directivity of the antenna in a state where the portable radio device according to the first embodiment is tilted at 60 degrees;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a portable radio device in a second embodiment of the present invention;

6A and 6B are diagrams showing the directivity of the antenna in the portable radio device according to the second embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a portable radio device in a third embodiment of the present invention;

8 is an explanatory view showing the operation of the (first) closed state of the portable radio device according to the third embodiment;

FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing the operation of the (second) closed state of the portable radio device according to the third embodiment;

10A and 10B are diagrams showing the directivity of the antenna in the portable radio device according to the third embodiment;

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a portable radio device in a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a portable radio device in a fifth embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a portable radio device in a sixth embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 14 is a front view showing a portable radio device in a seventh embodiment;

Fig. 15 is a side view showing the portable radio device of the seventh embodiment;

16 is an explanatory view showing a state where the portable radio device of the seventh embodiment is held by the left hand at an inclination angle of 60 degrees;

17 is an explanatory view showing the operation of the antenna when the first antenna element is selected while the portable radio device of the seventh embodiment is in the left-hand talk state;

FIG. 18 is an explanatory view showing directivity when the first antenna element is selected while the portable radio device of the seventh embodiment is in the left-hand talk state;

19 is an explanatory view showing the operation of the antenna when the second antenna element is selected while the portable radio device of the seventh embodiment is in the left-hand talk state;

FIG. 20 is an explanatory view showing directivity when the second antenna element is selected while the portable radio device of the seventh embodiment is in the left-hand talk state;

FIG. 21 is an explanatory view showing a state where the portable radio device of the seventh embodiment is held by the right hand at an inclination angle of 60 degrees;

FIG. 22 is an explanatory view showing the operation of the antenna when the first antenna element is selected while the portable radio device of the seventh embodiment is in a right-hand talk state;

FIG. 23 is an explanatory view showing directivity when the first antenna element is selected while the portable radio device of the seventh embodiment is in a right-hand talk state;

FIG. 24 is an explanatory view showing the operation of the antenna when the second antenna element is selected while the portable radio device of the seventh embodiment is in a right-hand talk state;

FIG. 25 is an explanatory view showing directivity when the second antenna element is selected while the portable radio device of the seventh embodiment is in a right-hand talk state;

Fig. 26 is a front view of the portable radio equipment for explaining the eighth embodiment;

FIG. 27 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the antenna in the portable radio device according to the eighth embodiment;

FIG. 28 is a diagram showing the directivity of the antenna in the portable radio device according to the eighth embodiment;

29 is a diagram showing a conversation state in which the user holds the portable radio device according to the eighth embodiment with the left hand;

FIG. 30 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the antenna in the portable radio device according to the eighth embodiment;

31 is a diagram showing the directivity of the antenna in the portable radio device according to the eighth embodiment;

32 is a diagram showing a conversation state in which the user holds the portable radio device according to the eighth embodiment with the right hand;

Fig. 33 is a front view showing the portable radio equipment for explaining the ninth embodiment;

FIG. 34 is a side view showing a portable radio equipment for explaining a ninth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 35 is a front view showing a portable radio equipment for explaining a tenth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 36 is a diagram showing the directivity of the antenna in the portable radio device according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention; and

Fig. 37 is a diagram showing the directivity of the antenna in the portable radio device according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention.

In the accompanying drawings, reference numerals 1, 104 and 210 indicate the upper housing; 2, 105 and 211 indicate the lower housing; 3, 106, 212a, 212b and 212c indicate the hinge; 4 indicates the 5 is a plate conductor; 5 is a plate conductor; 6 is a ground plane; 7 is a speaker; 8 is an operation button; 9 is a microphone; 10, 11, 34, 35, 108 and 113 12 and 13 mark the feeder line; 14, 24, 25, 31, 33 and 36 mark the high frequency switch; 15 mark the feeder; 30 and 32 mark the spiral element ; 37, 38, 110 and 114 indicate the matching circuit; 39 indicates the control part; 40 indicates the magnetic switch; 41 indicates the permanent magnet; 42 indicates the printed circuit board; 43 indicates the grounding pattern; 44, 112 and 224 indicate the radio circuit department; 45 indicates the level determination unit; 101 and 102 indicate the antenna element; 103 and 221 indicate the circuit board; 111 indicates the high frequency switch; 127 indicates the 128 indicates the opening and closing detection unit; 203 and 204 indicate the power feeding unit; 205, 206, 222a, 222b and 228 indicate the matching circuit; 213 indicates the sound port (sound port) ; 214 indicates the metal frame; 215a, 15b, 15c, 19a, 19b and 19c indicate the hinge fittings (hinge fitting); 216 and 229 indicate the connecting screw (attaching screw); 217 and 226 indicate the threaded hole part (tapped hole part); 218a, 218b and 218c indicate the rotating shaft; 220a, 220b and 220c indicate the feed terminals; 223, 227a and 227b indicate the converter; 225 indicate the control circuit part.

Detailed ways

first embodiment

Fig. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a portable radio device in a first embodiment of the present invention. The portable radio device in this embodiment is a portable radio device having a foldable structure, and is shown in a state of being opened in FIG. 1 (this state will be referred to as an open state hereinafter). The portable radio device includes an upper case 1 , a lower case 2 , a hinge portion 3 , a plate conductor 4 , a plate conductor 5 , a ground plate 6 , a speaker 7 , operation keys 8 , and a microphone 9 .

As an example of the first case and the second case, the upper case 1 and the lower case 2 are made of resin as an insulator, and are generally set to a length of about 10 mm and a width of about 50 mm. The upper case 1 and the lower case 2 are respectively connected in hinge parts 3 so as to be freely rotatable. Thus, a foldable or movable structure is formed.

In the upper end portion of the upper case 1, a speaker 7 is provided. In the lower end portion of the lower case 2, a microphone 9 is provided. In a talking state in which the user holds the portable radio with his hand to talk, the user can use the portable radio by bringing the speaker 7 close to the ear and the microphone 9 close to the mouth, respectively.

As an example of the first antenna element, the plate-shaped conductors 4 and 5 are made of a copper plate having a length L1 of about 90 mm and a width L2 of about 15 mm, for example. The plate conductors 4 and 5 are provided inside the upper case 1 along the surface of the upper case 1 . In addition, the thickness of the plate-shaped conductors 4 and 5 is set to about 0.1 mm, for example. The plate-shaped conductors 4 and 5 are arranged so as not to structurally interfere with other components such as the speaker 7 or a display element having a thickness of, for example, about 6 mm inside the upper case 1 .

As an example of a conductor member, the ground plate 6 is made of, for example, a conductor plate with a length L3 of about 90 mm and a width L4 of about 45 mm. The ground plate may use a ground pattern of a circuit board provided in the lower case 2 . The ground plate 6 , whose thickness is set to 1 mm or less, is arranged so as not to interfere structurally with other components such as the operation keys 8 or the microphone 9 in the lower case 2 .

The feeding point 10 and the feeding point 11 provided under the plate-shaped conductor 4 and the plate-shaped conductor 5 are electrically connected to a high-frequency switch 14 through a feeding line 12 and a feeding line 13 . As the feeder 12 and the feeder 13 , freely bendable flexible wires are used. Therefore, the upper case 1 can be turned in the hinge portion 3 .

The high-frequency switch 14 is made of, for example, FET or PIN diode, so as to appropriately select the high-frequency signal of the feeder 12 and the feeder 13 (such as based on the direction of the housing 1 and 2 or the amplitude of the high-frequency signal of the feeder 12 and 13 ). value, properly select a larger high-frequency signal) to transmit the high-frequency signal to one end of the power feeding part 15 . The feeder 15 is an antenna feeder of the transmitting and receiving circuit provided in the lower case 2 . The other end of the feeder 15 is grounded in the ground plate 6 .

In the portable radio equipment constructed as described above, the operation of the antenna when the radio frequency is set to, for example, 900 MHz (wavelength of about 333 mm) will be described below as an example.

In the high-frequency switch 14, when the A-side terminal is selected, the plate-shaped conductor 4 is selected. In this case, the plate-shaped conductor 4 and the ground plate 6 function as, for example, a half-wavelength dipole antenna. Furthermore, when the high-frequency switch 14 selects the B-side terminal, the plate-shaped conductor 5 and the ground plate 6 also function as a dipole antenna of, for example, about a half-wavelength. Therefore, the plate-like conductors 4 and 5 and the ground plate 6 function as dipole antennas provided in the upper case 1 and the lower case 2 of the portable radio equipment.

The antenna current of the dipole antenna constructed as described above is distributed over a wide range from the upper ends of the plate-like conductors 4 and 5 and the lower end of the ground plate 6 . Therefore, for example, when the user holds only the lower case 2 with his hands, or when the user holds only the hinge portion 3 with his hands, the decrease in antenna gain is suppressed to a minimum. This results from the fact that the antenna current is distributed over a wide range from the upper end of the upper case 1 to the lower end of the lower case 2 . Therefore, even when a specific portion of the antenna current is affected by the hand, the influence on the operation of the entire antenna is low.

2A and 2B are diagrams showing the directivity of the dipole antenna shown in FIG. 1. FIG. In FIG. 2A , directivity 16 and directivity 17 respectively show the directivity of the Eθ (vertically polarized wave) component on the XY plane. Furthermore, in FIG. 2B , directivity 18 and directivity 19 respectively show the directivity of the Eθ component on the YZ plane.

In addition, directivity 16 and directivity 18 show the directivity in the state where the A side of the high-frequency switch 14 in FIG. 1 is selected, that is, the plate-shaped conductor 4 is selected. In addition, directivity 17 and directivity 19 show the directivity in the state where the B side of the high-frequency switch 14 is selected, that is, the plate-shaped conductor 5 is selected.

As is apparent from FIGS. 2A and 2B, when the plate conductor 4 is selected, the gain in the Y direction is high. When the plate conductor 5 is selected, the gain in the -Y direction is high. As described above, when the plate-shaped conductor 4 or the plate-shaped conductor 5 having a higher gain is automatically selected by the high-frequency switch 14, a direction diversity effect can be obtained.

Next, the antenna gain of the portable radio device in a talking state will be described. 3A and 3B are diagrams showing a talking state in which the user holds the portable radio device with the left or right hand to bring the device close to the ear or mouth for talking. As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B , in the talking state, the portable radio is generally tilted about 60 degrees from the Z direction. Furthermore, the user's hand to hold the portable radio is generally not limited to either the left or right hand. Therefore, in the two states shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the portable radio equipment requires a high antenna gain.

In a land mobile telecommunication system similar to a portable telephone system, it is known that a radio wave transmitted from a radio base station to a portable radio equipment has an elevation angle θ of 90 degrees in the coordinate system shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B , that is, the radio wave The waves are concentrated in the direction of the horizontal plane (XY plane). Therefore, the antenna of the portable radio equipment in the two states shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B requires a high antenna gain in the direction of the horizontal plane.

Figures 4A and 4B show respectively that the portable radio equipment shown in Figure 1 is set to tilt 60 degrees, that is, when the portable radio equipment is in the talking state shown in Figures 3A and 3B, on the XZ plane directionality. The coordinate systems shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B correspond to the coordinate systems shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B , respectively.

In FIG. 4A , directivity 20 and directivity 21 respectively show the directivity of the Eθ (vertically polarized wave) component on the XZ plane when the portable radio device is held by the left hand. Furthermore, in FIG. 4B , directivity 22 and directivity 23 respectively show the directivity of the Eθ (vertically polarized wave) component on the XZ plane when the portable radio device is held by the right hand.

In addition, directivity 20 and directivity 22 show the directivity in the state where the A side of the high-frequency switch 14 shown in FIG. 1 is selected, that is, the plate-shaped conductor 4 is selected. In addition, directivity 21 and directivity 23 show the directivity in the state where the B side of the high-frequency switch 14 is selected, that is, the plate-shaped conductor 5 is selected.

As is apparent from FIGS. 4A and 4B , when the portable radio device is held by the left hand, the directivity 21 in the state where the plate-like conductor 5 is selected has a high gain on the XZ plane. Furthermore, when the portable radio equipment is held by the right hand, the directivity 22 in the state where the plate conductor 4 is selected has a high gain on the XZ plane.

As mentioned before, when the portable radio equipment is held by the right hand and the left hand respectively, the different plate-shaped conductors 4 and 5 have higher gains, respectively. In the present embodiment, this phenomenon is used to provide, for example, detection means not shown in the figure, for automatically detecting the orientation of the housings 1 and 2, i.e. whether the portable radio is held by the right hand or by Hold it with your left hand. Switching means are provided for automatically switching the high-frequency switch 14 shown in FIG. 1 to a higher gain depending on the orientation of the housings 1 and 2 detected by the detection means. Therefore, a high antenna gain can be obtained in any talking state in which the portable radio is held with the left hand or the right hand. In addition, measurement means for measuring the respective gains of the plate conductors 4 and 5, and switching means for automatically switching the switch to a higher gain based on the gains measured by the measurement means may be provided, so that High antenna gain can be obtained in any talking state where the portable radio is held with either the left or right hand.

In this embodiment, two plate-like conductors are contained in the upper case 1 so that they are converted. However, it is also possible to provide a single plate conductor in the upper case. In addition, in this case, the antenna gain can also be increased in a talking state.

The form of the plate-shaped conductor contained in the upper case 1 is not limited to the form shown in this embodiment. The same effect can be obtained in a structure that cooperates with the ground plate contained in the lower case 2 as, for example, a dipole antenna of about a half wavelength.

From a structural point of view, the plate-shaped conductors contained in the upper case 1 may be formed with conductors supporting, for example, a liquid crystal display, respectively, or the plate-shaped conductors may be formed with conductor films adhered to the resin surface of the upper case 1, respectively. or a conductive film embedded in resin.

In addition, in order to alleviate the effect of bringing the portable radio equipment close to the user's head, especially the ear, in the talking state, the plate-like conductor contained in the upper case 1 is preferably arranged away from the speaker 7 on which it is arranged. The position of the surface of the upper casing, that is, as close as possible to the surface opposite to the surface on which the speaker 7 is disposed.

second embodiment

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a portable radio device in a second embodiment of the present invention. The portable radio device in this embodiment is also a portable radio device with a foldable or movable structure. In FIG. 5 , an opened state (hereinafter referred to as an open state) is shown. In FIG. 5, the same parts as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals.

In the portable radio equipment shown in FIG. 5 , the unselected plate-like conductors 4 or 5 are grounded in the ground plate 6 .

In FIG. 5, feeders 12 and 13 are connected to high frequency switches 24 and 25, respectively. The high-frequency switch 24 performs a switching operation so that the electric signal of the feeder line 12 is transmitted to the feeder 15 or grounded to the ground plate 6 . In addition, the high frequency switch 25 performs a switching operation so that the electric signal of the feeder line 13 is transmitted to the feeder 15 or grounded in the ground plate 6 .

Here, for example, when the terminal B1 side of the high-frequency switch 25 is selected and the plate-shaped conductor 5 is connected to the feeder 15, the terminal A2 side of the high-frequency switch 24 is selected and the plate-shaped conductor 4 is grounded to the ground plate. 6 in. Conversely, when the terminal A1 side of the high frequency switch 24 is selected and the plate conductor 4 is connected to the feeder 15, the terminal B2 side of the high frequency switch 25 is selected and the plate conductor 5 is grounded in the ground plate 6 .

Figures 6A and 6B show the directivity when the high frequency switch is operated as previously described. In FIG. 6A , directivity 26 and directivity 27 respectively show the directivity of the Eθ (vertically polarized wave) component on the XY plane. In FIG. 6B , directivity 28 and directivity 29 respectively show the directivity of the Eθ component on the YZ plane.

In addition, directivity 26 and directivity 28 show the directivity in the state where the terminal A1 side of the high frequency switch 24 and the terminal B2 side of the high frequency switch 25 in FIG. 5 are selected, that is, when the current is Directivity in a state where the plate-shaped conductor 4 is supplied and the plate-shaped conductor 5 is grounded in the ground plate 6 . In addition, directivity 27 and directivity 29 show directivity in a state where current is supplied to the plate-shaped conductor 5 and the plate-shaped conductor 4 is grounded in the ground plate 6 .

As is apparent from FIGS. 6A and 6B, when the plate conductor 4 is turned on, the gain in the Y direction is high. When the plate conductor 5 is turned on, the gain in the -Y direction is high. This tendency is the same as that shown in FIG. 2 . However, the variation in maximum gain in Figure 6 is significantly higher than that in Figure 2. This results from the fact that the unconnected plate conductors are grounded in the ground plate 6, so that these members act as a reflecting element. As mentioned above, the directional diversity effect obtained by the structure shown in FIG. 5 is higher than that obtained by the structure shown in FIG. 1 .

The structure of the high frequency switch 24 and the high frequency switch 25 is not limited to the structure shown in this embodiment. Any structure that can be switched so that the plate conductors are connected or grounded in the ground plane can achieve the same effect.

third embodiment

Fig. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram of a portable radio device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. The portable radio device in this embodiment is also a portable radio device with a foldable or movable structure. In FIG. 7 , an opened state (hereinafter referred to as an open state) is shown. In FIG. 7, the same parts as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals.

In FIG. 7 , the spiral element 30 is inserted between the plate conductor 5 and the high frequency switch 31 .

In FIG. 7, the helical element 30 is made by winding a conductor into a coil shape. Its electric length is preferably set to be substantially half the wavelength at the operating frequency (eg, 900MHz). In this case, the spiral element 30 is inserted between the plate conductor 5 and the high frequency switch 31 so that the phase for exciting the plate conductor 5 is inverted.

8 and 9 are side views of the portable radio device shown in FIG. 7, and show a state where the upper case 1 and the lower case 2 are closed (hereinafter, this state is referred to as a closed state). FIG. 8 shows a state in which the terminal A1 side of the high-frequency switch 31 shown in FIG. 7 is selected, that is, a state in which the plate-shaped conductor 4 is selected. FIG. 9 shows a state in which the terminal A2 side of the high-frequency switch 31 shown in FIG. 7 is selected, that is, a state in which the plate-shaped conductor 5 is selected.

In the state shown in FIG. 8 , the phases of the antenna current distributed in the plate conductor 4 and the ground plate 6 are shown by arrow marks. Therefore, the antenna currents on the plate conductor 4 and the ground plate 6 respectively cancel each other, so that the radiation resistance is greatly reduced. As a result, the radiation efficiency of the antenna is lowered to increase loss at the time of impedance mismatch. Ultimately, the antenna gain in this state is reduced, reducing bandwidth.

Compared with it, in the state where the terminal A2 side of the high frequency switch 31 is selected as shown in FIG. and the phases of the antenna current distributed on the ground plane 6 correspond to each other.

10A and 10B show the directivity of the Eθ component on the XY plane and the XZ plane in the state shown in FIG. 9 . As is apparent from FIGS. 10A and 10B , the Eθ component has substantially no directivity on the horizontal plane (XY plane), but has "8"-shaped directivity on the XZ plane. In this state, high antenna gain and wide bandwidth can be ensured.

In this way, when the portable radio equipment is in the on state, the high frequency switch 31 is switched to the terminal A1 side. When the portable radio equipment is in the closed state, the high frequency switch 31 is switched to the terminal A2 side. Thus, antenna performance can be obtained in both states.

Any helical element 30 whose electrical length is substantially half a wavelength can have the same effect. For example, meander patterns printed on printed circuit boards or insulators may be used. Furthermore, the helical element 30 can be made of a meander-like conductor that is part of the plate-like conductor 5 .

Fourth embodiment

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a portable radio device in a fourth embodiment of the present invention. The portable radio device of this embodiment is also a portable radio device having a foldable or movable structure. FIG. 11 shows a state of being opened (this state will be referred to as an open state hereinafter). In FIG. 11, the same parts as those of FIG. 7 are denoted by the same reference numerals.

In the portable radio equipment shown in FIG. 11, the spiral element 32 is inserted between the feed point 34 of the plate-shaped conductor 4 and the high-frequency switch 33, and the feed point 11 on the plate-shaped conductor 5 is connected to the high-frequency switch. 33 on.

In FIG. 11 , the helical element 32 has the same electrical characteristics as the helical element 30 . The high-frequency switch 31 and the high-frequency switch 33 are selected by the high-frequency switch 36 to supply current to the power feeding section 15 .

In the foregoing structure, in the state where the terminal A1 side of the high-frequency switch 31 and the terminal B1 side of the high-frequency switch 33 are selected, the plate-shaped conductor 4 or the plate-shaped conductor 5 and the ground plate 6 function as a dipole antenna. The dipole antenna has the same structure as that shown in FIG. 1 , and is formed of a plate-shaped conductor 4 or 5 and a ground plate 6 . In the open state, it is desirable to select this state. In this case, high antenna gain can be obtained. Then, at this time, the plate-shaped conductor 4 or the plate-shaped conductor 5 is selected by the high-frequency switch 36, thereby obtaining the direction diversity effect.

Next, in the closed state, it is desirable to select the terminal A2 side of the high frequency switch 31 and the B2 side of the high frequency switch 33 . In this state, antenna operation similar to the structure shown in FIG. 9 is obtained so that high antenna gain can be obtained in the closed state. At this time, the plate-shaped conductor 4 or the plate-shaped conductor 5 is selected by the high-frequency switch 36, so that the direction diversity effect can be obtained in the closed state.

fifth embodiment

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a portable radio device in a fifth embodiment of the present invention. The portable radio device of this embodiment is also a portable radio device having a foldable or movable structure. FIG. 12 shows a state of being opened (this state will be referred to as an open state hereinafter). In FIG. 12, the same parts as those of FIG. 7 are denoted by the same reference numerals.

In the portable radio device shown in FIG. 12, a matching circuit 37 and a matching circuit 38 are provided. When the plate-shaped conductor 4 is selected in the open state, or when the plate-shaped conductor 5 is selected in the closed state, appropriate impedance matching is performed for both states.

Furthermore, in the portable radio equipment shown in FIG. 12, a control section 39, a magnetic switch 40, and a permanent magnet 41 are added to detect the open state or closed state of the portable radio equipment, and switch the high frequency switch 31 accordingly.

In FIG. 12, the matching circuit 37 and the matching circuit 38 are formed with, for example, lumped constant elements such as inductors and capacitors. The matching circuit 37 operates to match the impedance of the dipole antenna formed by the open plate conductor 4 and the ground plate 6 to the impedance of the feeder 15 (usually 50Ω). In addition, the matching circuit 38 operates so that the impedance of the antenna formed by the closed plate conductor 5 , the helical element 30 , and the ground plate 6 matches the impedance of the feeder 15 .

As mentioned above, suitable matching circuits are provided for the plate conductors or for the open and closed states, respectively. Thus, the antenna performance in each state is more improved.

Then, for example, in the closed state, the magnetic switch 40 is turned on due to the proximity of the magnetic switch 40 to the permanent magnet 41 . The control unit 39 detects this state and operates to switch the high-frequency switch 31 to the terminal B side. On the other hand, in the open state, the magnetic switch 40 is turned off, thereby switching the high-frequency switch 31 to the terminal A side.

In this way, according to the detection results of the open and closed states, an appropriate antenna state is selected so that a high antenna gain can be obtained for the two states.

The matching circuit is not limited to a circuit composed of lumped constant elements, but may be made of, for example, a planar circuit provided on a printed circuit board. Furthermore, the means for detecting open and closed states are not limited to magnetic switches and permanent magnets. For example, a means for detecting the mechanical operation of the hinge portion may be used, or a means for interlocking with the operating state of the portable radio device, such as a talking mode or a waiting mode, may be used.

Sixth embodiment

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a portable radio device in a sixth embodiment of the present invention. The portable radio device in this embodiment is also a portable radio device with a foldable or movable structure. FIG. 13 shows a state of being opened (this state will be referred to as an open state hereinafter). In FIG. 13, the same parts as those shown in FIG. 7 or 12 are denoted by the same reference numerals.

In the portable radio equipment shown in FIG. 13, the ground plate 6 in the portable radio equipment shown in FIG. A radio circuit section 44 and a level determination section 45 mounted on a printed circuit board 42 are added.

In FIG. 13, as the printed circuit board 42, for example, a glass epoxy substrate having a thickness of about 1 mm is used. The ground pattern 43 is made of a silver foil pattern printed on the surface or inner layer of the printed circuit board 42 . In the same manner as the ground plate 6 in FIG. 7 , the ground pattern 43 functions as an antenna. Providing such a structure makes it unnecessary for a ground plate serving as an antenna to be covered on the printed circuit board 42 as an originally necessary component. Thereby, a reduction in the thickness of the lower case 2 of the portable radio device can be achieved.

The radio circuit section 44 is composed of a transmission circuit and a reception circuit, and is covered with an electromagnetic shielding device such as a shield case. The signal selected by the high frequency switch 31 is transmitted to the radio circuit section 44 , and the ground of the radio circuit section 44 is grounded in the ground pattern 43 . According to this structure, electric current is sent to the antenna formed by the plate conductors 4 and 5 and the ground pattern 43 through the radio circuit portion 44 .

The level determination section 45 includes a function of determining whether the reception level obtained in the reception circuit forming the radio circuit section 44 is high or low and a function of switching the high frequency switch 31 accordingly. Specifically, the level determination section 45 determines reception levels respectively obtained when the high-frequency switch 31 is switched to the terminal A side or the terminal B side, and operates to select the terminal side of a higher reception level. For example, when the portable radio device in this embodiment is applied to a time division multiple access (time division multiplex connection, TDMA) system, a series of operations as described above are continuously performed at an appropriate timing. Therefore, a high antenna gain can always be ensured.

Seventh embodiment

Fig. 14 is a front view showing a portable radio device for explaining a seventh embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 15 is a side view showing a portable radio device for explaining a seventh embodiment of the present invention. As shown in these figures, the portable radio device of this embodiment is a foldable or movable radio device in which an upper case 104 and a lower case 105 are connected together by a hinge portion 106 . The upper case and the lower case rotate on the hinge portion 106 so that two states including an open state and a closed state can be obtained. The upper case 104 and the lower case 105 are made of a resin molded product as an insulator.

In the upper case 104, an antenna element 101 and a speaker 107 having a sound emitting element are provided. The antenna element 101 is made of a plate-like conductor base. However, the antenna element 101 is not limited to a plate-shaped conductor base. For example, a ground pattern of a circuit board provided in the upper case 104 or a metal frame for mechanically supporting the speaker 107 may be used, or a metal plate itself forming the upper case 104 may be used. In addition, the speaker 107 is used when the user listens to a voice during a call. The surface of the sound hole for emitting sound faces the X direction in the coordinate system shown in FIG. 14 . The user makes a call by bringing his ear into contact with a portion of the X-side surface on the outer side of the upper case 104 that is close to the speaker 107 .

Furthermore, in the lower case 105, an antenna element 102 as an example of a second antenna element and a circuit board 103 as an example of a conductor element are provided. The antenna element 102 is an L-shaped conductor plate, and its long side portion is provided in the lower case 105 in the vicinity of the hinge portion 106 along the Y-axis direction. The long side of the antenna element 102 has a length of about 1/4 to 1/2 wavelength with respect to the radio signal.

The circuit board 103 is a printed circuit board on which circuits for realizing a radio communication function or various other functions are mounted. On substantially the entire surface thereof, a ground pattern serving as a ground potential of the circuit is formed. In addition, the circuit board 103 includes a matching circuit 110 as an example of a first matching section, a matching circuit 114 as an example of a second matching section, a high-frequency switch 111 and a switch control section 127 as an example of a conversion section, and a receiving field strength A radio circuit section 112 as an example of a measurement section and a signal processing section, and an opening and closing detection section 128 as an example of an opening and closing detection section.

The matching circuit 110 is used to match the impedance of the antenna element 101 to, for example, 50Ω, and is connected to the antenna element 101 at the feed point 108 through the feed line 109 . The matching circuit 110 is provided at a position close to the right side (Y) of the circuit board 103 . By viewing the portable radio device from the front surface (X) side on the antenna element 101, the feed point 108 is provided at a position close to the right side (Y).

Furthermore, a matching circuit 114 is used to match the impedance of the antenna element 102 to, for example, 50Ω, and is connected to the antenna element 102 at a feeding point 113 through a feeding line. The matching circuit 114 is provided at a position close to the left side (−Y) of the circuit board 103 , that is, the side opposite to the matching circuit 110 . The feed point 113 is provided at a position near the left side (−Y), ie, the side opposite to the feed point 108 , by viewing the portable radio device from the front surface (X) side on the antenna element 102 .

The high-frequency switch 111 is composed of FET or PIN diode or the like, selects the matching circuit 110 or the matching circuit 114 , and transmits a signal received by the antenna element 101 or the antenna element 102 to the radio circuit section 112 . The radio circuit unit 112 performs signal processing on the transmitted signal or the received signal and in particular measures the reception field strength of the signal received by the antenna element 101 or the antenna element 102 . In addition, the opening and closing detection part 128 is used to detect the opening and closing states of the upper case 104 and the lower case 105, and is realized by, for example, a permanent magnet, a Hall element, and a mechanical switch or the like.

The switch control section 127 is used to control the high-frequency switch 111 so as to select an element with a higher reception level according to the detection result of the opening and closing detection section 128 or the reception field strength of each of the antenna elements 101 and 102 measured by the radio circuit section 112. field strength of the antenna element. The switch control unit 127 selects the antenna element 101 side in the open state and selects the antenna element 102 side in the closed state for the following reasons.

The operation of the antenna in the portable radio device of the seventh embodiment having the aforementioned components will be described below. In the following description, it is assumed that the radio frequency used is 1.5 GHz (wavelength is 200 mm).

First, the operation of the antenna in a state where the upper case 104 and the lower case 105 are opened as shown in FIG. 14 will be described. In this state, when the matching circuit 110 side, that is, the antenna element 101 side is selected by the high-frequency switch 111, the antenna element 101 and the circuit board 103 are aligned in a straight line. Thus, these members function as a dipole antenna for one wavelength. On the other hand, when the matching circuit 113 side, that is, the antenna element 102 side is selected, the antenna element 102 supplies an unbalanced current to the circuit board 103 through the feed point 113 and the antenna element 102 is electromagnetically connected to the antenna element 101. while further operating. In this way, in the open state, even when any antenna element is selected, high antenna performance can still be obtained.

Next, the operation of the antenna when the upper case 104 and the lower case 105 are closed will be described. In this state, when the antenna element 101 side is selected by the high-frequency switch 111 , the antenna element 101 is close to the circuit board 103 . Thus, the antenna currents have opposite phases to cancel each other, deteriorating the performance of the antenna. On the other hand, when the antenna element 102 side is selected by the high frequency switch 111 , the antenna element 102 functions as a 1/4 wavelength monopole antenna for supplying unbalanced current to the circuit board 103 through the feed point 113 . Therefore, higher antenna performance is obtained than when the antenna element 101 is selected. In this way, in the closed state, when the antenna element 102 side is selected, higher antenna performance can be obtained.

Next, the operation of the antenna in a state where the user holds the portable radio device of the present embodiment with the left hand will be described. 16 to 20 are explanatory views showing antenna operation and directivity when the portable radio device in this embodiment is held by the left hand (left-hand talk state). The average inclination angle α at which the user holds the portable radio device in the talking state is generally 60 degrees. FIG. 16 is an explanatory view showing a state where the portable radio device of the present embodiment is held with the left hand at an inclination angle of 60 degrees.

分量。因此，如图18中所示，在水平面(XY平面)上的方向性中，在Y侧(左手侧)方向上水平极化波

分量的方向性120高于竖直极化波(Eθ)的方向性119。As shown in FIG. 17, when the antenna element 101 side is selected by the high frequency switch 111, since the lower case 105 is held by hand, the radio wave radiation from the circuit board 103 provided in the lower case 105 is reduced. , and the radiation from the current 115 on the antenna element 101 will be controlled. Thus, the main polarized wave component on the horizontal plane (XY plane) becomes horizontal

portion. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 18, in the directivity on the horizontal plane (XY plane), the horizontally polarized wave is in the Y side (left-hand side) direction.

The directivity 120 of the component is higher than the directivity 119 of the vertically polarized wave (Eθ).

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 19, when the antenna element 102 side is selected by the high-frequency switch 111, the radiation from the current 118, which is electromagnetically connected by the current 116 on the antenna element 102 and the antenna element 101, will be controlled. Due to the vector combination of current 117 to current 116. As a result, the vertically polarized wave (Eθ) component on the horizontal (XY) plane is higher than when the antenna element 101 is selected. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 20, among the directivity on the horizontal (XY plane) plane, the directivity 121 of the vertically polarized wave (Eθ) is higher than that of the horizontally polarized wave in the Y side (left-hand side) direction. Component directionality 122.

和

分别表示竖直极化波分量和水平极化波分量在水平面(XY平面)上的功率方向性(power directivity)。此外，C_VH表示与输入到天线的到达波(arriving wave)的交叉极化功率比(竖直极化波分量与水平极化波分量的功率比)相关的校正因数。In general, pattern average gain (PAG) represented by the following formula (1) is used as an index indicating the effective antenna performance of a portable radio device in a talking state. In formula (1),

and

represent the power directivity of the vertically polarized wave component and the horizontally polarized wave component on the horizontal plane (XY plane), respectively. In addition, C _VH represents a correction factor related to a cross-polarized power ratio (a power ratio of a vertically polarized wave component to a horizontally polarized wave component) of an arriving wave input to the antenna.

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; PAG</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&pi;</span>}}\underset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}{\overset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&pi;</span>}}{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Integral;</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; [</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; G</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&theta;</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&pi;</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&phi;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; C</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; VH</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; G</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&phi;</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&pi;</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&phi;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; ]</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d\&phi;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

It is known that in the multi-wave environment of land mobile telecommunications, a common cross-polarization power ratio is 4 to 9 dB. This indicates that the electric power of the vertically polarized wave of the arrival wave is 4 to 9 dB higher than that of the horizontally polarized wave. Therefore, formula (1) implies that vertically polarized waves are weighted, while power directivity in the horizontal plane is averaged. Hereinafter, C _VH is interpreted as 9dB. Therefore, in the antenna for the portable radio device, the vertically polarized wave component is increased in the use state, thereby obtaining a high pattern average gain (PAG).

PAG is used to represent the radiation characteristics in Figure 18 and Figure 20. The PAG obtained when the antenna element 101 is selected is -15 dBd (dipole ratio gain). On the other hand, when the antenna element 102 is selected, the obtained PAG is -11.5dBd, which is 3.5dB higher than the former. Therefore, in the left-hand talking state, when the antenna element 102 is selected, PAG becomes high.

Next, the operation of the antenna in a state where the user holds the portable radio device of this embodiment with the right hand to make a call will be described. 21 to 25 are explanatory views showing antenna characteristics and directivity when the portable radio device of this embodiment is held by the right hand (right-hand talk state). FIG. 21 is an explanatory view showing a state where the portable radio device of the present embodiment is held with the right hand at an inclination angle of 60 degrees.

分量的方向性124。As shown in FIG. 22, when the antenna element 101 side is selected by the high-frequency switch 111, since the lower case 105 is held by the hand similar to the case of the left hand, the radio frequency from the circuit board 103 provided in the lower case 105 The radiation of the waves will be reduced and the radiation from the current 115 on the antenna element 101 will be controlled. As a result, the vertically polarized wave (Eθ) component on the horizontal (XY) plane is higher than when the antenna element 102 is selected. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 23, in the directivity on the horizontal plane (XY plane), the directivity 123 of the vertically polarized wave (Eθ) component is higher than that of the horizontally polarized wave in the -Y side (right-hand side) direction.

Component Directivity 124.

分量增大。因此，如图25所示，在水平(XY)面上的方向性中，在-Y侧(右手侧)方向上水平极化波

分量的方向性126高于竖直极化波(Eθ)分量的方向性125。On the other hand, as shown in Figure 24, when the antenna element 102 side is selected by the high-frequency switch 111, the radiation from the current 118 will be controlled, and the current 118 is electromagnetically connected by the current 116 on the antenna element 102 to the antenna element 101. Due to the vector combination of current 117 to current 116. As a result, a horizontally polarized wave on the horizontal (XY) plane

Servings increase. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 25, in the directivity on the horizontal (XY) plane, the horizontally polarized wave is in the -Y side (right-hand side) direction

The directivity 126 of the component is higher than the directivity 125 of the vertically polarized wave (Eθ) component.

As shown in FIG. 25, the PAG obtained when the antenna element 101 is selected is -11 dBd (dipole ratio gain). On the other hand, the PAG obtained when the antenna element 102 is selected is -14dBd, which is 3dB lower than the former. Therefore, in the right-hand talk state, when the antenna element 101 is selected, PAG becomes high.

As described above, in the portable radio device in this embodiment, when the upper case 104 and the lower case 105 are opened, the antenna element 101 or the antenna element 102 having a higher antenna performance is selected. When the upper case and the lower case are closed, the antenna element 102 is forcibly selected. Therefore, high antenna performance can be ensured in any state of the open state and the closed state. In addition, if the antenna element 101 is selected in the right-handed state, and the antenna element 102 is selected in the left-handed state, a high antenna gain of -11.5dBd can be obtained in both left-handed and right-handed states.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 14 , the feed point 108 of the antenna element 101 is set on the right (Y) side, and the feed point 113 of the antenna element 102 is set on the left (-Y) side. When the setting of these feed points is reversed, the tendency of the PAG in the left-hand talk state and the right-hand talk state is also reversed. Even in this case, the effect of the aforementioned diversity operation can be obtained. Further, as an antenna element opposed to the antenna element 101 and the antenna element 102 , the circuit board 103 provided in the lower case 105 is used. However, the antenna element may be, for example, a metal plate for a shielding circuit, or a conductor plate specially provided for the antenna element.

Eighth embodiment

Fig. 26 is a front view showing a portable radio device for explaining an eighth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 26, the portable radio equipment of the eighth embodiment includes an upper case 210 as an example of a first case and a lower case 211 as an example of a second case, and the lower case 211 is connected by a A hinge part 212a of one example is connected to the upper case 210 so as to freely rotate. The upper case 210 and the lower case 211 are made of a resin molded product as an insulator.

In the front surface (X side direction) of the upper case 210, there is provided a sound port 213 for guiding sound generated by a sound generating element provided in the upper case 210, such as a speaker, to the outside. The sound port 213 is configured so that it is located near the user's ear when the user holds the foldable or movable telephone device 201 to make a call.

In the upper case 210, a plate-shaped conductor 202 is provided as an example of a first antenna element. As for the size of the plate-shaped conductor 202, for example, the long side L21 is 90 mm, and the short side L23 is about 45 mm. At the lower end (-Z side) of the plate-shaped conductor 202, a feed point 203 is provided at the left end (-Y side), and a feed point 204 is provided at the right end (Y side). The matching circuit 205 and the matching circuit 206 are respectively connected to the feeding point 203 and the feeding point 204 through a feeding line (omitted in the drawing) or the like.

In the lower case 211, a circuit board 221 is provided. On this circuit board 221 , circuit elements for realizing the functions of the portable radio device are mounted, and matching circuits 205 and 206 , a switch 223 , a radio circuit 224 , and a control circuit 225 are provided. Regarding the size of the circuit board 221, for example, the long side L22 is 90 mm, and the short side L23 is about 45 mm. On this circuit board 221 , a ground pattern (omitted in the figure) serving as a ground potential of the circuit is formed substantially on the entire surface.

In the matching circuit 205 and the matching circuit 206 , the ground ends of the matching circuit 205 and the matching circuit 206 are respectively grounded in ground patterns on the circuit board 221 . The switch 223 is switched to select either the matching circuit 205 or the matching circuit 206 . The selected matching circuit is connected to radio circuit 224 . Here, the switch 223 shows an example of a conversion section and is a high-frequency switch constituted by, for example, a FET or a PIN diode. Radio circuitry 224 includes receive circuitry and transmit circuitry. Furthermore, the control circuit 225 detects the received signal level in the radio circuit 224, and controls the switch 223 to switch, thereby selecting the matching circuit 205 or the matching circuit 206 in which the received signal level is always high.

In the aforementioned structure, the plate-like conductor 202 and the ground pattern formed on the circuit board 221 function as a dipole antenna. The matching circuit 205 and the matching circuit 206 match the impedance of the plate conductor 202 with the circuit impedance (typically 50Ω) of the radio circuit 224 .

Next, the operation of the antenna of the portable radio device according to the eighth embodiment, in which the operating frequency is set to 1.5 GHz, will be described by way of example.

FIG. 27 shows the antenna operation when the switch 223 is switched to the selected matching circuit 205 , ie the selected feed point 203 . In FIG. 27 , components denoted by the same reference numerals as in FIG. 26 denote the same components.

As shown in Figure 27, when the feeding point 203 side was selected, the feeding source (feeding source) 230 was connected to the feeding point 203 of the plate conductor 202 left end (-Y side) and the circuit board 221 left end (-Y side). side) on the feed point 231.

FIG. 28 shows the directivity of the dipole antenna on the YZ plane when the switch 223 is switched to the selected matching circuit 205 . As shown by directivity 240a in FIG. 28, the antenna gain in the Y direction is about 5 dB higher than the gain in the -Y direction.

Fig. 29 shows a state where the user holds the portable radio device with the left hand and makes a call. In this state, the portable radio is held so that the sound port 213 (see FIG. 26 ) pointing to the front surface, ie, the X direction, is close to the user's left ear. At this time, as shown in FIG. 29 , when viewed from the top of the user's skull, the Y direction of the coordinate system in FIG. 26 points to a slightly forward-inclining direction. As shown in FIG. 28, when the switch 223 is switched to the selected feed point 203, the antenna gain in the Y direction is higher than the gain in the -Y direction. Thus, in FIG. 29 , the antenna gain is higher in the cranial direction and lower in the user's shoulder direction. Therefore, the influence of the user's shoulder is reduced, and when the user holds the portable radio equipment with the left hand, the performance of the antenna in a talking state is improved.

FIG. 30 shows the antenna operation when the switch 223 is switched to the selected matching circuit 206 , ie the selected feed point 204 . In FIG. 30 , components denoted by the same reference numerals as in FIG. 26 denote the same components.

As shown in FIG. 30, when the feed point 204 side is selected, the feed source 232 is connected to the feed point 204 at the right end (Y side) of the plate conductor 202 and the feed point at the right end (Y side) of the circuit board 221. 233 on.

FIG. 31 shows the directivity of the dipole antenna on the YZ plane when the switch 223 is switched to the selected matching circuit 206 . As shown by directivity 240b in FIG. 31, the antenna gain in the -Y direction is about 5 dB higher than the antenna gain in the Y direction. That is, the directivity 240b shows a characteristic opposite to that of the directivity 240a shown in FIG. 28 .

FIG. 32 shows a state in which the user holds the portable radio equipment with the right hand and makes a call. As previously mentioned, when the switch 223 is switched to the selected feed point 204, the antenna gain is higher in the cranial direction because the antenna gain in the -Y direction is higher than in the Y direction, while Lower in the direction of the user's shoulders. Therefore, the influence of the user's shoulder is reduced, thereby improving the antenna performance in a talking state in which the user holds the portable radio equipment with the right hand.

In this embodiment, the two feeding points are provided at the left end and the right end of the plate conductor 202 . However, for example, three or more feeding points may be provided at different positions and switched. In this case, three or more different directivities can be obtained.

Furthermore, the dimensions of the plate-shaped conductor 202 and the circuit board 221 are not limited to those shown in the eighth embodiment. When the ratio of the length of the short side to the length of the long side is about 1/5 or higher, the effect of switching directivity can be obtained.

Furthermore, the control circuit 225 detects the orientation of the portable radio device, ie with which hand the user is holding the portable radio device. The switch 223 can be switched according to the detection result. In this case, the control circuit 225 does not have to be connected to the radio circuit 224 .

In the portable radio device according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of feeders are provided in the plate-shaped conductor, and these feeders are switched by the switch 223 so that the directivity of the antenna can be changed. Furthermore, the direction diversity effect can be obtained without adding antenna elements for diversity. In addition, high antenna performance can be obtained even when the portable radio equipment is held with the left or right hand in a talking state.

Ninth embodiment

Fig. 33 is a front view showing a portable radio device for explaining a ninth embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 34 is a side view showing a portable radio device for explaining a ninth embodiment of the present invention. In FIGS. 33 and 34, the same parts as those in FIG. 26 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and explanations thereof are omitted.

As shown in FIGS. 33 and 34, the portable radio equipment of the ninth embodiment adopts a structure in which an upper case 210 is connected to a lower case 211 through a hinge portion 212b, and the case can be rotated by turning the case on the hinge portion 212b. The body has two states including an open state and a closed state.

A metal frame 214 is attached to the front surface side (X direction side) of the upper case 210 in the drawing, that is, the surface on which the sound port 213 is provided. For the metal frame 214, a light metal having high electrical conductivity and high strength, such as a magnesium alloy, is used. Using this type of metal can secure the strength of the thin upper case 210 and the metal frame 214 can be used as an antenna element. The length L26 of the long side of the metal frame 214 is, for example, about 90 mm. The outer packaging surface of the metal frame 214 is usually painted for decoration. Here, description thereof is omitted.

In the lower case 211, a circuit board 221 is provided. In this circuit board 221, matching circuits 222a and 222b, a switch 223, a radio circuit 224, and a control circuit 225 are provided.

The hinge part 212b includes hinge fittings 215a and 215b for connecting the upper case 210 to the lower case 211, hinge fittings 219a and 219b provided in the lower case 211, and hinge fittings 215a and 215b for connecting the hinge fittings 215a and 215b to the hinge fittings. 219a and 219b so as to freely rotate the rotation shafts 218a and 218b, respectively.

On the right and left (±Y direction) portions of the lower end (−Z side) of the metal frame 214 , screw holes for connecting the metal frame 214 to the upper case 210 are opened. On the hinge fittings 215 a and 215 b formed in an L shape, screw holes for connecting them to the upper case 210 are opened. Connecting screws 216 are connected to screw hole portions 217 of the upper case 210 through screw holes of the metal frame 214 and hinge fittings 215a, 215b, respectively. According to this structure, the metal frame 214 is electrically connected to the hinge fittings 215a and 215b, and the upper case 210 and the metal frame 214 are mechanically fixed to the hinge fittings 215a and 215b.

The hinge fitting 215a is connected to a hinge fitting 219a provided on the left side (-Y side) of the upper end (Z side) of the lower housing 211 through a rotation shaft 218a so as to be freely rotatable. The hinge fitting 215b is connected to a hinge fitting 219b provided on the right side (Y side) of the upper end (Z side) of the lower housing 211 through a rotation shaft 218b so as to be freely rotatable.

In the hinge fittings 219a and 219b, screw holes for connecting them to the lower case 211 are opened. In addition, threaded holes are also provided on the feed terminals 220a and 220b. The connection screw 229 is connected to the screw hole portion 226 (FIG. 34) of the lower case 211 through the screw holes of the feed terminals 220a, 220b and the hinge fittings 219a, 219b. According to this structure, the hinge fittings 219a and 219b are electrically connected to the feed terminals 220a and 220b, respectively, and the lower case 211, the hinge fittings 219a and 219b, and the feed terminals 220a and 220b are mechanically fixed, respectively.

The hinge fittings 215a and 215b, the rotation shafts 218a and 218b, and the hinge fittings 219a and 219b are respectively made of conductive metal and conduct electricity at contact points therebetween. Accordingly, the metal frame 214 is electrically connected to the feed terminals 220a and 220b through the connection screws 216, the hinge fittings 215a and 215b, the rotation shafts 218a and 218b, the hinge fittings 219a and 219b, and the connection screws 229, and is mechanically fixed.

In the lower case 211, a matching circuit 222a is provided at the left end (-Y direction side) portion of the upper end (Z direction side). The matching circuit 222a is connected to the feed terminal 220a. Further, the matching circuit 222 b is provided at the right end (Y direction side) portion of the upper end (Z direction side) of the lower case 211 . The matching circuit 222b is connected to the feed terminal 220b. The feed terminal 220a is connected to the matching circuit 222a by, for example, a spring contact or solder. Similarly, the feed terminal 220b is connected to a matching circuit 222b provided on the circuit board 221 in the lower case 211 through, for example, a spring contact or solder. The long side L24 of the circuit board 221 is, for example, about 90 mm.

The matching circuit 222 a is connected to the terminal a of the switch 223 on the circuit board 221 . The matching circuit 222b is connected to the terminal b of the switch 223 . The ground terminals (omitted in the figure) of the matching circuits 222 a and 222 b are grounded in the ground pattern on the circuit board 221 . The switch 223 is switched to select the matching circuit 222 a or 222 b , and the selected matching circuit is connected to the radio circuit 224 . Here, the switch 223 is a high-frequency switch made of, for example, a FET or a PIN diode. Radio circuitry 224 includes receive circuitry and transmit circuitry, or the like. The control circuit 225 detects the received signal level in the radio circuit 224, and controls the switch 223 to switch, thereby selecting the matching circuit 222a or the matching circuit 222b in which the received signal level is always high.

According to the foregoing structure, the metal frame 214 and the hinge portion 212b and the ground pattern on the circuit board 221 function as a dipole antenna. At this time, the metal frame 214 and the hinge portion 212b function as a first antenna element having a length L25 (for example, 110 mm). Matching circuits 222a and 222b match the impedance of the first antenna element to the input impedance of radio circuit 224 (typically 50Ω). In addition, a ground pattern having a length L24 on the circuit board 221 serves as a second antenna element. Here, from the viewpoint of antenna performance, the gap G between the hinge fittings 219a and 219b and the ground pattern on the circuit board 221 is preferably as wide as possible (for example, 2mm or wider, or when the portable radio device is λ/20 or wider when used at 800MHz).

Next, the operation of the antenna of the portable radio device having the aforementioned structure will be described.

When the switch 223 is switched to the selected matching circuit 222a side, that is, the feeding terminal 220a side, characteristics close to the directivity 240a shown in FIG. 28 are obtained. When the switch 223 is switched to the selected matching circuit 222b side, that is, the feeding terminal 220b side, characteristics close to the directivity 240b shown in FIG. 31 are obtained. Therefore, a direction diversity effect can be obtained for arriving radio waves input to the portable radio device from various directions.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 29, in the talking state in which the portable radio equipment is held with the left hand, the matching circuit 222a is selected to obtain high antenna performance. On the contrary, as shown in FIG. 32, in the talking state in which the portable radio equipment is held with the right hand, the matching circuit 222b is selected. In this state, high antenna performance can also be obtained. Therefore, the switch 223 is switched to select the matching circuit 222a or the matching circuit 222b, so that a state in which antenna performance is increased corresponding to both states of holding the portable radio with the left hand or the right hand in the talking state .

In the ninth embodiment, two power feeders are provided at the left and right ends of the plate-like metal frame 214 . However, for example, three or more power feeders may be provided at different positions, and they may be switched. In this case, three or more different directivities can be obtained.

Furthermore, the sizes of the metal frame 214 and the circuit board 221 are not limited to those shown in the ninth embodiment. When the ratio of the short side to the long side is about 1/5 or higher, the effect of switching directivity can be obtained.

Furthermore, in the ninth embodiment, two hinge fittings are spaced apart left and right, and are connected on the left and right sides. However, even when the hinge fitting 219a is integrally formed with the hinge fitting 219b, the same effect can be obtained if a plurality of power feeding parts are provided at predetermined intervals.

Furthermore, the control circuit 225 detects the orientation of the portable radio device, ie with which hand the user is holding the portable radio device. The switch 223 may be switched according to the detection result. In this case, the control circuit 225 does not have to be connected to the radio circuit 224 .

In the ninth embodiment, the hinge fittings 215a and 215b, the rotation shafts 218a and 218b, and the hinge fittings 219a and 219b are electrically connected together, respectively. However, they can be connected together electromagnetically through capacitive reactance.

In the portable radio equipment according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of power feeding parts are connected to the hinge part connected to the metal frame, and these power feeding parts are switched by the switch so that the direction of the antenna can be changed sex. Furthermore, it is possible to obtain a direction diversity effect without adding an antenna element for diversity. In addition, high antenna performance can be obtained even when the portable radio equipment is held with the left or right hand in a talking state. In addition, the metal frame forming a part of the upper case functions as an antenna element. Therefore, reduction in thickness of the portable radio device can be achieved.

Tenth embodiment

Fig. 35 is a front view showing a portable radio device for explaining a tenth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 35 , the same parts as those in FIG. 26 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and explanations thereof are omitted.

As shown in FIG. 35, in the portable radio device according to the tenth embodiment, the hinge portion 212c is connected to the upper case 210, the hinge portion 212c includes a hinge fitting 215c provided between hinge fittings 215a and 215b, connected to A rotary shaft 218c on the hinge fitting 215c for free rotation, and a hinge fitting 219c connected to the rotary shaft 218c for free rotation. The feed terminal 220c connected to the hinge fitting 219c is connected to the hinge part 212c. The feed terminal 220c is connected to a matching circuit 228 provided on the circuit board 221 through a spring contact or solder or the like. Matching circuit 228 is connected to radio circuit 224 . In addition, the ground terminal (omitted in the figure) of the matching circuit 228 is grounded in the ground pattern (omitted in the figure) of the circuit board. In the tenth embodiment, the feeding terminal 220c and the matching circuit 223 show an example of a feeding section.

The switch 227a is connected between the feed terminal 220a and a ground pattern (omitted in the drawing) of the circuit board 221 . The switch 227b is connected between the feed terminal 220b and a ground pattern (omitted in the drawing) of the circuit board 221 . In the tenth embodiment, the feed terminals 220a and 220b show an example of a ground portion.

Similar to the switch 223 shown in FIG. 33, the switches 227a and 227b are high-frequency switches made of, for example, FETs or PIN diodes. The control circuit 225 detects the received signal level in the radio circuit 224, and controls the switches (switches 227a and 227b) to select the always higher received signal level.

The antenna operation of the portable radio equipment constructed as described above will be described below.

In FIG. 35, when the switch 227a is turned on and the switch 227b is turned off, similar to the directivity 260a shown in FIG. 36, the directivity of the antenna is high in the gain in the Y direction. On the contrary, when the switch 227a is turned off and the switch 227b is turned on, similar to the directivity 260b shown in FIG. 37, the directivity of the antenna is higher in the gain in the -Y direction. Furthermore, when the switches 227a and 227b are both turned off, intermediate directivity of the directivity 260a and the directivity 260b is obtained. When both the switch 227a and the switch 227b are turned on, the antenna performance is degraded. Therefore, it is desirable to set the control operation of the control circuit 225 to not select such a state.

Therefore, it is possible to obtain a direction diversity effect of controlling three kinds of directivities of arriving radio waves input to the portable radio device from various directions.

Furthermore, in the talking state obtained when the portable radio equipment is held with the left hand shown in FIG. 29, the switch 227a is turned on and the switch 227b is turned off. Thereby, high antenna performance is obtained. On the contrary, in the talking state obtained when the portable radio equipment is held with the right hand as shown in FIG. 32, the switch 227a is turned off and the switch 227b is turned on. In this state also, high antenna performance is obtained.

In the tenth embodiment, the power feeding part is provided at the middle part, and two ground parts for switching the ground are provided at both ends. However, even when the power feeding section is provided at one end and the ground section is provided at the opposite end, the directional diversity effect can be obtained.

Furthermore, the control circuit 225 detects the orientation of the portable radio device, ie with which hand the user is holding the portable radio device. The switch 223 may be switched according to the detection result. In this case, the control circuit 225 does not have to be connected to the radio circuit 224 .

In the tenth embodiment, the hinge fittings 215a, 215b, and 215c, the rotation shafts 218a, 218b, and 218c, and the hinge fittings 219a, 219b, and 219c are electrically connected together, respectively. However, they can be connected together electromagnetically through capacitive reactance.

In the portable radio device according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention, the feeder and the plurality of grounds are connected to a hinge connected to the metal frame, and the grounds are switched by a switch so that the directivity of the antenna can be changed. Furthermore, it is possible to obtain a direction diversity effect without adding an antenna element for diversity. In addition, high antenna performance can be obtained even when the portable radio equipment is held with the left or right hand in a talking state. Furthermore, said metal frame forming part of the upper case functions as an antenna element. Therefore, reduction in thickness of the portable radio device can be achieved.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to specific embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes or modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

This application is based on the following patent applications: Japanese Patent Application (No. 2002-210612) filed on July 19, 2002; Japanese Patent Application (No. 2003-015675) filed on January 24, 2003; and Japanese Patent Application (No. 2003-167962) filed on June 12, 2003, and the contents thereof are incorporated by reference.

Industrial applicability

As described above, the portable radio equipment according to the present invention can achieve high performance in various usage states.

Claims (4)

1. A portable radio device comprising: first shell; second shell; a connecting portion that connects the first housing to the second housing so as to be freely rotatable; a first antenna element disposed in said first housing; a conductor element disposed in said second housing so as to form a dipole antenna with said first antenna element; a feeder having one end electrically connected to the first antenna element and the other end electrically connected to the conductor element; a second antenna element disposed in the second housing near and along the connecting portion; an open and closed state detection section that detects open and closed states of the first case and the second case; and a switching section that selects and switches any one of the first antenna element and the second antenna element to be connected to a signal processing unit according to a detection result of the case opening and closing state detection section. on the signal processing section, Wherein, when the first casing and the second casing are opened, if the conversion part selects the first antenna element, the first antenna element and the conductor element form the dipole antenna, and If the conversion part selects the second antenna element, the second antenna element supplies an unbalanced current to the conductor element through the feed point and further operates while the second antenna element is electromagnetically connected to the first antenna element; and Wherein, when the first casing and the second casing are closed, the conversion part selects the second antenna element, so that the second antenna element and the conductor element form a monopole antenna. 2. The portable radio device according to claim 1, wherein the switching section selects the first antenna element when the first casing and the second casing are opened. 3. A portable radio device comprising: first shell; second shell; a connecting portion that connects the first housing to the second housing so as to be freely rotatable; a first antenna element disposed in said first housing; a conductor element disposed in said second housing so as to form a dipole antenna with said first antenna element; a feeder having one end electrically connected to the first antenna element and the other end electrically connected to the conductor element; a second antenna element disposed in the second housing near the connecting portion; a reception field strength measuring section that measures a reception field strength of a signal received by the first antenna element or the second antenna element; and a switching section that selects and switches an antenna element having a higher received field strength according to a measurement result of said received field strength measuring section, and connects it to a signal processing section for performing signal processing, wherein said first antenna element has a first feed point for electrical connection to said conductor element; wherein said second antenna element has a second feed point for electrical connection to said conductor element; and Wherein the first feed point and the second feed point are arranged at diagonal positions on opposite sides when the first case and the second case are opened. 4. The portable radio of claim 1, further comprising: a first matching section that matches the impedance of the first antenna element to a predetermined value; and A second matching section that matches the impedance of the second antenna element with a predetermined value.

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