CN101448289B

CN101448289B - Methods and apparatus for the utilization of core based nodes for state transfer

Info

Publication number: CN101448289B
Application number: CN2008101903382A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 阿伦·奥尼尔; 斯科特·M.·考森; 乔治·特塞特斯; 文森特·帕克
Original assignee: Qualcomm Inc
Current assignee: Qualcomm Inc
Priority date: 2003-01-31
Filing date: 2004-01-26
Publication date: 2012-11-07
Anticipated expiration: 2024-01-26
Also published as: CN101448289A; CN1788504A

Abstract

The present invention describes methods and apparatus for storing, manipulating, retrieving, and forwarding state, e.g., context and other information, used to support communications sessions with one or more end nodes, e.g., mobile devices. Various features are directed to a mobile node controlling the transfer of state from a first access node to a second access node during a handoff operation thereby eliminating any need for state transfer messages to be transmitted between the second access node and the first access node during handoff. Other features of the invention are directed to the use of a core network node to store state information. State information stored in the core node can be accessed and used by access nodes in cases where a mobile node does not send a state transfer message during a handoff, e.g., because communication with the first access node is lost or because such messages are not supported.

Description

Be used for the method and apparatus of the utilization of state transfer based on core node

The application be that January 26, application number in 2004 are 200480008722.6 the applying date, denomination of invention divides an application for the application of " being used for the method and apparatus of the utilization of state transfer based on core node ".

Background technology

Communication system generally includes a plurality of network nodes that are connected to access node, through said access node can with terminal node for example mobile device be connected to network.Can network node be arranged in the hierarchical structure.Inserting authentication vs. authorization (AAA) server is the node that is placed in relative higher position in the network layer usually.They are provided for the information of safety and access control purpose usually.Under the situation of using aaa server, access node has a secure link to aaa server usually.Said safety chain can be through the one or more nodes in the hierarchical structure.

Operator uses radius protocol and relevant RADIUS aaa server to come the access session in the IP network management usually.In the future, AAA system can be based on new agreement DIAMETER for example.In the system that uses the RADIUS aaa server; When the user attempts to get into carrier network; Inserting between session, local-access router usually to authentication server send one or more RADIUS insert request with according to this user's identity for example network access identifier (NAT) it is verified.The AAA database is usually in store be allowed to access those users' identity and they of its system can the requested service characteristic.When successfully verifying the user, on access device, dispose its access port with the Policy Status suitable with this user's authorization of service.Usually by authorization server via RADIUS to the mandate of couple in router passing service.When being authorized to, being recorded in the service of using between session that inserts by couple in router, and using the charging request message in the radius protocol to mail to accounting server as the station message recording it.Accounting server can be the part of aaa server, and perhaps it also can be the independently server of a use and authorization server same protocol.If the user is connected to a plurality of couple in routers during individual session, in accounting server, need to add up to a plurality of sessions so.

Except authorizing and the charging problem, support the communication system of mobile device need comprise the mechanism that is used to transmit positional information, so that mobile device can change its network connection point and still have the signal that mails to it, for example IP divides into groups.

Move IP, (edition 4 and 6) is also referred to as MIPv4 [MIPv4] and MIPv6 [MIPv6], makes mobile node (MN) register its temporary position of being pointed out by Care-of Address (CoA) to its home agent (HA).Then, HA is also referred to as in the permanent address of MN between the CoA of home address (HoA) and registration and keeps mapping (being also referred to as bindings), so that use IP encapsulation technology (tunnel) can redirect to the grouping of said MN its current location.The CoA that when using MIPv4, is used by MN can be an address that belongs to the Foreign Agent (FA) in the couple in router; Perhaps it can be one and distributes to the address of MN itself from the couple in router prefix temporarily, and it is called as co-located care-of address (CCoA) in the case.The latter's model also is applicable to MIPv4, and it is the unique operational mode among the MIPv6.Attention is concerning this document, and term CCoA and CoA and registration and Binding Update (BU) are interchangeable, because they are corresponding terms of MIPv4 and MIPv6.Except as otherwise noted, otherwise method and apparatus of the present invention all is applicable to MIPv4 and MIPv6.

Usually combine to move IP use AAA system with management ip address distribute (HoA), dynamically distribute HA, distribute the MN overview and distribute safe key with checking MIP message and ensure the safety of airlink to couple in router.Mobile node, the terminal node that can change its network connection point sends the MIP message for the entering system usually, and this has triggered the AAA request to verify and to authorize this mobile node.Then, AAA MN overview and safe condition are passed to the service that couple in router is used by MN with control from AAA system.

MN can change their network connection point, for example, when they when a sub-district moves to another sub-district.This comprise with the tie point of MN from first access node for example first router change to for example secondary route device of second access node.This process is commonly called switching.As a part of switching, need to upgrade the CoA/CCoA of MN, use the MIP signaling that it is delivered among the HA then, so that grouping is redirected to MN via new couple in router.As the part of handoff procedure, must be at least some state informations of new couple in router transmission, so that do not interrupt the service of MN corresponding to first couple in router of the MN that relates in switching.This process is called as state transfer.State transfer can comprise, has for example before passed to the transmission of the AAA overview state information of AR (MN inserts session and starts from this) via RADIUS.It also can comprise, for example transmits the project of airlink safe guidance, MN-NAI, MN IP address, MN-EUI-64, residue MIP registration useful life, MN multicast member, access control state, resource reservation state, Differentiated Services state, SIP session status, compressor state, MN arrangement schedule history and/or the distinctive AR state information of many other potential MN.

In at least one known system, the transmission of state information is to transmit message through the old access node transmit status that the new access node that mobile node is just connecting connects to mobile node through communication network before this to realize between transfer period.As response, old access node is to new access node forwarding status information.Though this technology is effective, has requirement between new and old access node, to send the inferior position of message with the transmission of init state information.The link that between access node, is used to transmit this message possibly become crowded, if perhaps can not need between access node, be used for the message of the transmission of init state information, then said link can be used for transmitting out of Memory and/or signaling.

In view of above-mentioned discussion, should recognize under the situation that mobile node switches or to get under other situation of new sub-district at mobile node, need new method and realize and new access node transmit mode information.It is to be further appreciated that the reason from above-mentioned discussion, to come the transmission of trigger state information be desirable avoiding the use of message between the access node between transfer period.

Summary of the invention

In wireless network, mobile phone users uses for example wireless device of terminal node, for example to be communicated by the wireless device that other terminal use uses via access node and other network entity.Access node can be used as wireless access routers and implements.Relevant with each terminal node is state, and for example one group comprises the information that relates to corresponding to the different parameters of the service of terminal node and/or application.This state is used by the couple in router as the network connection point of terminal node.Terminal node changes its network connection point at every turn; All need rebulid said state or it is delivered to the couple in router as new network connection point, so that the communication service that new access node can continue to provide relevant with the existing communication session or provide new for example by the desired communication service of terminal node.This document has been described the notion of state transfer between access point/router, and a kind ofly collects required state and it is delivered to ten thousand methods of Next novelty from a point.

The application has described and has been used for transmit mode to support the for example method that moves of the terminal node (EN) between access node (AN) of its incident.This method is used the kernel state management node (CSMN) that is positioned at network core, preserves, handles and transmit the state information of terminal node.Be used for preserving according to the present invention and can be used as with the CSMN of transmit mode information and implement in the similar checking mandate of the appreciable type of many systems and the part of charging (AAA) server.

According to a characteristic of the present invention, access node can be in CSMN preservation state information, and can be from being used for preserving the CSMN retrieval (for example obtaining) of said information state corresponding to terminal node.When sending the intention or the communication that finish to communicate by letter with access node, terminal node stops; For example because when before handover operation is accomplished, being interrupted or stopping with communicating by letter of access node, access node upgrades them usually for it as the preservation state of the terminal node of network connection point.

When the communicating by letter of initialization and terminal node, for example when terminal node got into the sub-district corresponding to said access node, access node is retrieval status information from CSMN usually.Yet under situation about switching, in certain embodiments, state information is to transmit from the access node of before serving this terminal node, thus need be from CSMN retrieval status information.

According to a characteristic of the present invention, between transfer period, mobile node controlling from the state of first to second access node that is used by terminal node and is transmitted.This sends message to realize to the second access node forwarding status information through terminal node to first access node.This method needing to be avoided Section Point to send message to first node and is asked transmit mode information, thereby compares with the system that adopts this state transfer message between the access node, has reduced the signaling amount between access node.

Before terminal node can emission state transmits signal with the situation of the communication loss of first access node under, second access node will be from CSMN retrieval status information.It is optional use transmitting message, but the advantage of the quantity of the information retrieval operation that minimizing need be supported by core node is arranged.In addition, use the transmission message that mails to first access node from terminal node to have minimizing to obtain to be used for to provide the advantage of the delay of the time quantum between time of state information of service about time of beginning at terminal node to communicate by letter and second access node to terminal node with second access node.Except to the second access node transmit mode information, the state transfer message can trigger the renewal of the state information in core node.

State information that preserved in CSMN by access node and/or that be delivered to another access node will reflect any localized variation of this state usually; For example after CSMN or another access node receiving status information, in the variation of preserving or the access node of transmit mode takes place.Can also handle and revise the state of preservation by CSMN itself, for example, when system or session require to change during terminal node inserts session or other traffic operation.

In detailed description subsequently, with extra characteristic of the present invention and benefit are discussed.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 representes the network diagram of the exemplary communications systems that a kind of the present invention is suitable for.

Fig. 2 representes a kind of exemplary end node of implementing according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 representes a kind of typical access node of implementing according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 representes a kind of typical kernel state management node of implementing according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 represent when terminal node when an access node is transferred to another access node, the signaling of carrying out according to the present invention.

Fig. 6 representes when access node uses different CSMN nodes, when terminal node when an access node is transferred to another access node, the signaling of carrying out according to the present invention.

Fig. 7 representes the signaling that substitutes with Fig. 6 execution.

Fig. 8 representes when in a hierarchical structure, arranging CSMN, with the signaling that substitutes of Fig. 6 and 7 execution.

Fig. 9 representes to be used for the mechanism of CSMN from the state of access node poll set.

Figure 10 representes the embodiment of the invention according to AAA system.

Embodiment

Be used for preservation, processing, retrieval and forwarding and be used for supporting the method and apparatus of the present invention with the state (for example content and other information) of the communication session of one or more terminal nodes (for example mobile device), can use in communication system widely.For example, the present invention can be used for the notebook computer, PDA and the various system that supports the miscellaneous equipment of wave point for the mobility of equipment that support mobile communication equipment for example to be equipped with modulator-demodulator.

Fig. 1 representes a kind of exemplary communications systems 100 that comprises a plurality of through the interconnected node of communication link, for example cellular communications networks.Node in this typical communication system 100 is according to communication protocol IP(Internet Protocol) (IP) for example, use signal for example message come exchange message.Can for example use lead, optical cable and/or wireless communication technology, come the communication link of realization system 100.Typical communication system 100 comprise a plurality of via a plurality of access nodes 140,140 ', 140 " terminal node 144,146,144 of access communication system ', 146 ', 144 ", 146 ".Terminal node 144,146,144 ', 146 ', can be for example Wireless Telecom Equipment or terminal 144 ", 146 ", access node 140,140 ', 140 " can be for example wireless access routers or base station.Typical communication system 100 also comprises being used in a large number provide interconnect perhaps provides other node 104,106,110 and 112 of special services or function.Especially, typical communication system 100 comprises a kernel state management node (CSMN) 104 that is used to support the transmission and the storage of the state relevant with terminal node.This CSMN node can be the part of aaa server.

The canonical system 100 of Fig. 1 has been described a network 102, and it comprises the CSMN 104 and node 106 that is connected to intermediate network node 110 respectively through the

network link

105 and 107 of correspondence.Intermediate network node 110 in the network 102 also provides the interconnection via network link 111 network node outside with coming automatic network 102 perspective views.Network link 111 is connected to another intermediate network node 112, its provide respectively via network link 141,141 ', 141 " with a plurality of access nodes 140,140 ', 140 " further the connection.

Each access node 140,140 ', 140 " are depicted as respectively access link (145,147) via correspondence, (145 ', 147 '), (145 ", 147 "), provide and being connected of N terminal node (144,146), (144 ', 146 '), (144 ", 146 ").In typical communication system 100, each access node 140,140 ', 140 " be depicted as and use wireless technology (for example wireless access links) that access is provided.With each access node 140,140 ', 140 " wireless coverage area, for example communication unit 148,148 ', 148 ", be expressed as a circle respectively round corresponding access node.

Then typical communication system 100 is worked as and acted on the basis of describing different embodiments of the invention.Alternate embodiment of the present invention comprises various network topologies, wherein the interconnection between the quantity of the quantity of the quantity of the quantity of the quantity of network node and type, access node and type, terminal node and type, CSMN and type, link and type and the node can with being not quite similar of exemplary communications systems 100 depicted in figure 1.

In different embodiments of the invention, can omit or constitutional diagram 1 in some functional entitys of being described.Can also change position or the layout of these functional entitys in network.

Fig. 2 provides the detailed description of the exemplary end node of implementing according to the present invention 200.The exemplary end node of in Fig. 2, describing 200, be can be used as the terminal node 144,146,144 described among Fig. 1 ', 146 ', the detailed expression of any one device in 144 ", 146 ".In the embodiment of Fig. 2, terminal node 200 comprises a processor linking together through bus 206 204, wireless communication interface 230, a user's input/output interface 240 and a memory 210.Therefore, via bus 206, each element of terminal node 200 can exchange message, signal and data.The element 204,206,210,230,240 of terminal node 200 is positioned within the shell 202.

Wireless communication interface 230 provide terminal node 200 inner member can from/receive and send the mechanism of signal to external equipment and network node (for example access node).Wireless communication interface 230 comprises a for example receiver circuit 232 and transmitter circuitry 234 that corresponding transmitting antenna 238 is arranged that corresponding reception antenna 236 is arranged, and is used for for example via radio communication channel terminal node 200 being connected to other network node.

Exemplary end node 200 also comprises a user input device 242 that is connected to bus 206 via user's input/output interface 240, for example keypad and user's output equipment 244, for example a display.Like this, user's input-output apparatus 242,244 can be via user's input/output interface 240 and bus 206, with other element exchange message, signal and the data of terminal node 200.User's input/output interface 240 and relevant equipment 242,244 provide the user can operating terminal node 200 to accomplish the mechanism of various tasks.Especially, user input device 242 provides with user's output equipment 244 and has allowed user control terminal node 200 and the application examples of in the memory 210 of terminal node 200, carrying out such as the function of module, program, routine and/or function.

Processor 204 under each module (for example routine) control that is included within the memory 210 is being controlled various signalings and the Processing tasks that the operation of terminal node 200 is described below with execution.When starting or when the time, carry out being included in the module within the memory 210 by other module accesses.When module is performed, can swap data, information and signal.When module is performed, can also shared data and information.In the embodiment of Fig. 2, the memory 210 of terminal node 200 of the present invention comprises a signaling/control module 212 and signaling/control data 214.

Signaling/control module 212 is being controlled and the relevant processing of signal (for example message) that receives and send the storage, retrieval and the processing that are used for controlled state information.Signaling/control data 214 comprises parameter, state and/or the out of Memory that state information is for example relevant with the operation of terminal node.Especially, signaling/control data 214 can comprise configuration information 216, for example terminal node identifying information and operation information 218, for example about current treatment state, treat the information of the state etc. of provisioning response.Data 214 can visited and/or revise to module 212, for example upgrades configuration information 216 and/or operation information 218.

Fig. 3 provides the detailed description of the typical access node of implementing according to the present invention 300.The typical access node of in Fig. 3, describing 300, be can be used as the access node 140,140 described among Fig. 1 ', 140 " in the detailed expression of any one device.In the embodiments of figure 3, access node 300 comprises a processor 304 linking together through bus 306, memory 310, a network/internetwork interface 320 and a wireless communication interface 330.Therefore, via bus 306, each element of access node 300 can exchange message, signal and data.The element 304,306,310,320,330 of access node 300 is positioned within the shell 302.

Network/internetwork interface 320 provide access node 300 inner member can from/receive and send the mechanism of signal to external equipment and network node.Network/internetwork interface 320 comprises and being used for, and for example via copper cash or fibre circuit, node 300 is connected to a receiver circuit 322 and transmitter circuitry 324 of other network node.Wireless communication interface 330 also provide access node 300 inner member can from/to external equipment and the network node terminal node mechanism that receives and send signal for example.Wireless communication interface 330 comprises a for example receiver circuit 332 and transmitter circuitry 334 with corresponding transmitting antenna 338 with corresponding reception antenna 336.Interface 330 for example is used for via radio communication channel access node 300 being connected to other network node.

The operation that processor 304 under each module (for example routine) control that is included within the memory 310 is being controlled access node 300 is to carry out various signalings and processing.When starting or when other module invokes that possibly appeared in the memory 310, execution being included in the module within the memory 310.When module is performed, can swap data, information and signal.When module is performed, can also shared data and information.In the embodiments of figure 3, the memory 310 of access node 300 of the present invention comprises a state management module 312 and a signaling/control module 314.Corresponding in these modules each, memory 310 also comprises state management data 313 and signaling/control data 315.

State management module 312 is being controlled from the Signal Processing about state storage and retrieval of terminal node or the reception of other network node.State management data 313 comprises for example terminal node relevant information, as state or partial status, and perhaps under the situation in being kept at other network node, the position of current terminal node state.State management module 312 can insert and/or revise state management data 313.

Signaling/control module 314 controlling in wireless communication interface 330 from/go to terminal node and in network/internetwork interface 320 from/go to the Signal Processing of other network node, essential as other operational example such as basic radio function, network management etc.Signaling/control data 315 comprises, for example about the terminal node related data of the radio channel allocation that is used for basic operation, and other network related data, as the address of support/management server, be used for the configuration information of basic network service.Signaling/control module 314 can insert and/or revise signaling/control data 315.

Fig. 4 provides a kind of detailed description of typical kernel state management node 400 of the present invention of accordinging to enforcement.The typical CSMN 400 that in Fig. 4, describes is the detailed expressions that can be used as the device of the CSMN 104 that describes among Fig. 1.In the embodiment of Fig. 4, CSMN 400 comprises a processor 404 linking together through bus 406, memory 410, a network/internetwork interface 420.Therefore, via bus 406, each element of access node 400 can exchange message, signal and data.The element 404,406,410,420 of access node 400 is positioned within the shell 402.

Network/internetwork interface 420 provide CSMN 400 inner member can from/receive and send the mechanism of signal to external equipment and network node.Network/internetwork interface 420 comprises and being used for, and for example via copper cash or fibre circuit, node 400 is connected to a receiver circuit 422 and transmitter circuitry 424 of other network node.

The operation that processor 404 under each module (for example routine) control that is included within the memory 410 is being controlled CSMN 400 is to carry out various signalings and processing.When starting or when other module invokes that possibly appeared in the memory 410, execution being included in the module within the memory 410.In the embodiment of Fig. 4, the memory 410 of CSMN 400 of the present invention comprises a kernel state administration module 412 and a kernel state management data 413.

Kernel state administration module 412 is being controlled the Signal Processing about state storage and retrieval that receives from other CSMN, access node or network node.Kernel state management data 413 comprises, for example, and the terminal node state information.Kernel state management data 413 can visited and/or revise to kernel state administration module 412.

The signaling that Fig. 5,6,7 and 8 expressions are carried out according to exemplary embodiments of the present invention.The said signaling of expression in the environment of the canonical system 500 that comes revising by system shown in Figure 1 100.Fig. 5,6, each access node 140,140 shown in 7 and 8 ' be the reduced representation of typical access node 300 depicted in figure 3.In addition; From explaining the object of the invention; In exemplary systems 500, from the terminal node 144,146,144 of system 100 ', 146 ', 144 ", 146 " (and corresponding access link 145,147,145 ', 147 ', 145 ", 147 ") replaced by the single terminal node X 146 that implements according to the present invention.Fig. 5,6, the terminal node X 146 shown in 7 and 8 are the reduced representation of terminal node 200 depicted in figure 2, and through one or more wireless communication links, are connected to the access node of being described.

According to the present invention, the terminal node state information of between access node and kernel state management node, transmitting be with, for example, be used to support the relevant state information of communication with the terminal node of working as a native system part.In one embodiment of the invention, the state information of transmission will comprise static, long-term and component short-term usually.Static component can be included in long period and a plurality of communication session and immovable parameter.The example of inactive state is the terminal node profile information, as QoS parameter (for example: the peak velocity of permission) and common licensing status (for example: the data call type of permission).The example of long-term state is during communication session continues and immovable parameter (for example: IP address that dynamically distributes or the security information that some are long-term).The example of short-term state is the parameter (for example: dynamic QoS state, multicast member etc.) that constantly changes in essence and during communication session, repeatedly change.

In one embodiment of the invention, according to the method for describing in the present invention mobile status information together (static, short-term and long-term).In an alternate embodiment, inactive state for good and all is present among the CSMN.In the case, static and dynamical state all can perhaps be delivered to access node from CSMN between the CSMN on the zones of different, transmitting.Yet,, needn't transmit inactive state information to CSMN, because CSMN has comprised this information although the information of dynamical state normally is delivered to CSMN from access node.In an alternate embodiment, all states are present among one or more CSMN, and access node and/or CSMN can upgrade said state along with the generation of state variation.

The CSMN operation

To the CSMN operation according to a characteristic of the present invention be described with reference to Fig. 5 now.Fig. 5 is illustrated in Fig. 1 and describes the kernel state managing signaling in the simple version with above-described canonical system.The signaling of being described can be used as the part of handover operation and takes place.Fig. 5 comprise the access node 140,140 implemented according to Fig. 3 ', the terminal node X 146 and a kernel state management node (CSMN) 104 that implement according to Fig. 2 according to Fig. 4 enforcement.Line between the node of Fig. 5 is represented to send and the relevant message of condition managing that receives according to the present invention, and makes an explanation hereinafter.Dotted line between the node of Fig. 5 is represented optional message.

In Fig. 5, terminal node X 146 for example when switching beginning, sends preservation state request (SSRQ) message 510 that comprises terminal node X 146 identifiers to access node 140.The terminal node identifier can be a network address, machine address or user or equipment peculiar other sign relevant with terminal node.When receiving SSRQ message 510; Access node 140 is searched for the state information relevant with said terminal node in its state management data 313 (Fig. 3), and sends an access node state transfer to kernel state management node (CSMN) 104 and upgrade (AN-STU) message 520.Said AN-STU message 520 comprises terminal node X 146 identifiers and the access node 140 existing states relevant with said terminal node.

When receiving AN-STU message 520; The kernel state administration module 412 (Fig. 4) of CSMN node 104 is handled this message and in its CSM data 413 (Fig. 4), is preserved and is included in the state in the said message, so that said state is relevant with terminal node identifier in being included in said message equally.CSMN node 104 returns a state transfer to access node 140 alternatively and upgrades affirmation (STUAck) message 530, correctly receives and stored said state with expression.Access node 140 sends a preservation state to terminal node X 146 alternatively and answers (SSRP) message 540 when receiving STUAck message 530, has successfully stored said state in the core to be illustrated in.

Terminal node X 146 comprises retrieval status request (RSRQ) message 550 of terminal node X 146 identifiers to access node 140 ' one of transmission.When receiving said RSRQ message 550, access node 140 ' send state transfer request (STRQ) message 560 that comprises the identifier of terminal node X 146 to CSMN node 104.When receiving said STRQ message 560, the kernel state administration module 412 (Fig. 4) of CSMN node 104 is handled said message and search and the relevant state of terminal node X 146 in being illustrated in said STRQ message in its kernel state management data 413.The state relevant that has found previous preservation with terminal node X 146, and comprise that to access node 140 ' one of transmission the CSMN state transfer of the identifier of said state and terminal node X 146 upgrades (CSMN-STU) message 570.When receiving CSMN-STU message 570, access node 140 ' preservation is included in the state in the said message in its state management data 313 (Fig. 3).Access node 140 ' send a retrieval status to terminal node X 146 alternatively to answer (RSRP) message 580 has correctly been retrieved the state relevant with said terminal node with expression from core node.

In an alternate embodiment of the present invention, SSRQ message 510 comprise extraly terminal node X146 hope with the access node 140 of its swap data ' identifier.In the case, access node 140 is to access node 140 ' extra copy by the AN-STU message 520 of AN-STU message 521 expressions of transmission.Access node 140 ' said message of reception and preservation are included in the said message and relevant with said terminal node state.In this embodiment of the present invention; When access node 140 ' reception RSRQ message 550; It at first checks the state relevant with said terminal node in its state management data 313 (Fig. 3), and if if and only if do not find said state, just send STRQ message 560.In same embodiment, when receiving AN-STU message 521, access node 140 ' can send a STUAck message 531 to access node 140 alternatively.

In above-described various embodiment about Fig. 5; State information is being delivered to second access node 140 ' afterwards; Renewal is corresponding to the network routing information of terminal node X 146; So that to the IP of terminal node X 146 divide into groups and other signal will be directed to second access node 140 ', rather than first access node 140.This through first and second access nodes 140,140 ' one of send a Route Selection message to one or more network smart boxs and realize.In the example of Fig. 5, node 120 is used to represent a smart box, router for example, and message 590 and 590 ' represent the respectively routing updates message by first and second access nodes 140,140 ' transmission.Usually, have only an access node will be responsible for sending the routing updates message.In most of embodiment, in case successfully received state corresponding to terminal node X 146, will by second access node 140 ' send message 590 '.

From CSMN deletion state

Can delete state from CSMN, for example expiring based on timer.In one embodiment of the invention; When receiving AN-STU message 520; The processing of CSMN 104 except carrying out in above-mentioned two parts, describing, also start timer with value predetermined or that consult and make in said timer and the message that is included in reception 520 and the state that is kept in its kernel state management data 413 (Fig. 4) relevant.When said timer expires, relevant with this timer and corresponding to the state of a terminal node from the deletion of the kernel state management data 413 (Fig. 4) of CSMN node 104.Delete the terminal node state based on expiring of timer, do not depend on when timer is effective whether ask this state through the STRQ message.And if when timer is still effective, CSMN has received another AN-STU message of the state that comprises same terminal node X from identical or different access node, and CSMN resets timer to its initial value so.Reset timer, and no matter the state that upgrades is in fact identical or different with the existing state of preserving.

Can't obtain state

Sometimes, in CSMN, possibly can't obtain requested state information.In one embodiment of the invention, if can't obtain the state of the terminal node of expression in the STRQ message 560 that receives, then CSMN 104 returns a CSMN-STU message 570, and it comprises the indication of the state that can't obtain said terminal node.In an alternate embodiment of the present invention, if can't obtain the state of the terminal node of expression in the STRQ message 560 that receives, then CSMN 104 starts predetermined or the timer consulted and make it relevant with said message 560.If before timer expires; For example in an AN-STU message 520; Received in message 560 state of the terminal node of identification, then CSMN handles message 520 according to previous description and stops timer immediately and to access node 140 ' CSMN-STU message 570 of transmission.If timer has expired and do not receive suitable state, CSMN node 104 returns a CSMN-STU message 570 so, and it comprises the indication of the state that can't obtain said terminal node.In the third embodiment of the present invention; If can't obtain the state of the terminal node of expression in the STRQ message 560 that receives; Then CSMN104 is to a last access node of said terminal node X 146 states of request; That is: access node 140, send optional transmit mode request (TSRQ) message 561, its comprise the identifier of terminal node X 146 and the access node 140 of current request state ' identifier.In the case, as shown in Figure 5, access node 140 is to access node 140 ' transmission AN-STU message 521.When receiving AN-STU message 521, access node 140 ' preservation is included in the state in the said message in its state management data 313 (Fig. 3), and returns confirmation message 531 to access node 140 alternatively.

State upgrades

In one embodiment of the invention, be included in the state information in the AN-STU message 520, in the kernel state management data 413 (Fig. 4) of CSMN 104, rewrite any existing state information by what CSMN node 104 received.In an alternate embodiment of the present invention, in CSMN 104, preserve a plurality of versions of the state relevant with single terminal node, and only relevant timer expire or during other triggering clear and definite message of other network node (for example from) ability with its deletion.

State processing at CSMN

In one embodiment of the invention, CSMN will make amendment to it according to local policy with a relevant state of terminal node sends to an access node of asking in CSMN-STU message 570 before.

STA representation from AN to EN

In one embodiment of the invention, from access node 140 ' RSRP message 580 comprise the expression of the state that in the CSMN-STU of correspondence message 570, receives by access node.In one embodiment of the invention, the expression that is provided is a summary, and this allows summary that terminal node relatively receives and it summary at the state of access node 140, and whether discern said state correct.Know that at terminal node state should mate under the situation that maybe should be different from the state of preserving through access node 140, terminal node can be taked further action according to the fault detect policy.

Loss of link

In one embodiment of the invention, access node 140 1 detect with terminal node X 146 be connected lose, just send AN-STU message 520.

Kernel state management between the zone: passive method

Fig. 6 has described an alternate embodiment of the present invention, access node 140 and 140 ' belong to different zones wherein, thereby respectively from different CSMN nodes 104 and 104 ' preservation and retrieval status.In the present invention, term " zone " be used to discern numerous be used for from/preserve and the access node of retrieval status to identical CSMN node.A big network is split into a plurality of CSMN zone, the drafting of the status transferring method of being convenient to describe in the present invention.

In Fig. 6, identical among the processing of message 510,520,530,540 and content and Fig. 5, thereby do not describe once more here.Message 650,660,670 and 680 is corresponding message 550,560,570 and variations of 580 among Fig. 5, thereby is described below together with new message 662,663.

In CSMN node 104 and message 510,520,530 and 540, preserve the state relevant with the method described among Fig. 5 with terminal node X 146.Then, in this embodiment of the present invention, terminal node X 146 is to access node 140 ' transmission retrieval status request (RSRQ) message 650, and it comprises the wherein area I D in the zone of a member of terminal node X 146 identifiers and access node 140 conducts.When receiving said RSRQ message 650, access node 140 ' to CSMN node 104 ' transmit status transmission request (STRQ) message 660, it comprises the identifier of terminal node X 146 and the area I D of access node 140.When receiving said STRQ message 660, CSMN node 104 ' kernel state administration module 412 (Fig. 4) handle said message and search and the relevant state of terminal node X 146 in being illustrated in said message in its kernel state management data 413.Do not find the state relevant with terminal node X 146; Thereby CSMN node 104 ' send kernel state transmission request (Core-STRQ) message 663 that comprises terminal node X146 identifier, the CSMN node that wherein said CSMN node 104 is the area I D shown in the message 660 to CSMN node 104.

When receiving said Core-STRQ message 663, the kernel state administration module 412 (Fig. 4) of CSMN node 104 is handled said message and the relevant state of search and the terminal node X that in said message, representes 146 in its kernel state management data 413.Found the state relevant of previous preservation, and comprised kernel state transmission renewal (Core-STU) message 662 of the identifier of said state and terminal node X 146 to CSMN node 104 ' one of transmission with terminal node X146.When receiving Core-STU message 662; CSMN node 104 ' in its kernel state management data 413 (Fig. 4) is preserved the state in the said message that is included in, and comprises the CSMN-STU message 670 of the state relevant with terminal node X 146 to the access node of asking 140 ' transmission.When receiving CSMN-STU message 670, access node 140 ' preservation is included in the state in the said message in its state management data 313 (Fig. 3).Access node 140 ' send retrieval status alternatively to answer (RSRP) message 680 to represent from core node, correctly to have retrieved the state relevant with said terminal node.

Area I D is to the mapping of CSMN

In one embodiment of the invention, the alleged area I D of preceding text discerns the CSMN node of the same area.In an alternate embodiment of the present invention, area I D has such structure, and it allows this ID to differentiate the ID of this regional CSMN node of identification.

Kernel state management between the zone: initiatively

Fig. 7 has described the method that substitutes of method described in a kind of Fig. 6.In Fig. 7, terminal node X 146 to access node 140 send comprise terminal node X 146 identifiers and corresponding to access node 140 ' preservation state request (SSRQ) message 710 of area I D.When receiving SSRQ message 710; Access node 140 is searched for the state relevant with said terminal node in its state management data 313 (Fig. 3), and sends an access node state transfer to kernel state management node (CSMN) 104 and upgrade (AN-STU) message 720.Said AN-STU message 720 comprises terminal node X 146 identifiers, the state relevant with access node 140 obtainable said terminal nodes and is included in the area I D in the SSRQ message 710.

When receiving AN-STU message 720; The kernel state administration module 412 (Fig. 4) of CSMN node 104 is handled this message; In its kernel state management data 413 (Fig. 4), preserve and be included in the state in the said message, so that said state is relevant with the identifier of terminal node in being included in said AN-STU message 720 equally.CSMN node 104 is also observed the area I D in the message 720, and thereby to CSMN node 104 ' Core-STU message 763 of transmission, the CSMN in the zone that wherein said CSMN node 104 ' be is relevant with said area I D.CSMN node 104 ' returning the kernel state transmission to CSMN node 104 alternatively upgrades affirmation (Core-STUAck) message 762, correctly receives and stored said state with expression.CSMN node 104 also upgrades to access node 140 return state transmission alternatively to be confirmed correctly to receive and stored said state with expression by (STUAck) message 730.Access node 140 sends a preservation state to terminal node X 146 alternatively and answers (SSRP) message 740 when receiving STUAck message 730, has successfully stored said state in the core node to be illustrated in.

Now with identical method described in Fig. 6; Produce, handle and exchange message 650,660,670 and 680; Wherein difference is when CSMN node 104 ' from access node 140 ' reception STRQ message 660, and the state relevant with terminal node X 146 arranged in its kernel state management data 413 (Fig. 4).For this reason, CSMN-STU message 670 is returned immediately.

With different levels kernel state management

Fig. 8 has described an alternate embodiment of the present invention, wherein the CSMN node arrangement " is preserved all or the part copy by the state of CSMN the node 104 and 104 ' preservation of low level in a hierarchy, so that high-level CSMN node 104.In Fig. 8, message 510,520,530,540,550,560,570 with 580 with Fig. 5 in describe those are identical.Difference is that the processing of in carrying out Fig. 5, describing, CSMN is also to CSMN node 104 when CSMN104 receives message 520 " sends a state transfer and upgrades (STU ') message 522.

When receiving the said STU ' message 522 of the identifier that comprises said state and terminal node X 146; CSMN node 104 " in its kernel state management data 413 (Fig. 4), preserve the state in the said message that is included in; and return a STUAck ' message 524 to CSMN node 104 alternatively, correctly receive and stored state with expression.In addition, when receiving STRQ message 560, CSMN node 104 ' kernel state administration module 412 (Fig. 4) handle said message and the relevant state of search and the terminal node X that in said message, representes 146 in its kernel state management data 413.Do not find the state relevant, thereby CSMN node 104 ' " send state transfer request (the STRQ ") message 566 of the identifier that comprises terminal node X 146 to CSMN node 104 with terminal node X 146.The receiving said STRQ kernel state administration module 412 (Fig. 4) of " during message 566, CSMN node 104 " is handled said message and the relevant state of search and the terminal node X that in said message, representes 146 in its kernel state management data 413.The state relevant that has found previous preservation with terminal node X 146, and comprise that to CSMN node 104 ' one of transmission the state transfer of the identifier of said state and terminal node X 146 upgrades (STU ") message 568.Now accomplish the message 570 and remaining processing described among Fig. 5 as previously mentioned.

Can be according to state transfer of the present invention owing to many former thereby generations.In one embodiment of the invention, during hand-off process, initiate state transfer by a terminal node.Owing to move; Terminal node is attempted to stop and being connected and setting up with the new of another access node and be connected an of access node; State transfer is as the part of mobility management systems in the case; Can be effectively and promptly set up and being connected of new access node, the while is interrupted the data communication of terminal node as far as possible shortly.In one embodiment of the invention, the routing updates message of an access node of making a fresh start or terminal node is arranged after the described status transferring method, redirect any data traffic with reposition to terminal node.In an exemplary embodiments of the present invention, this routing updates will be to move the form of IP registration, and will be the mobile IP v 6 Binding Update in another embodiment.

In other embodiment of the present invention, the part of the dormant state that from the activity state transition to the data communication, temporarily stops as terminal node is initiated state transfer.In the case, state transfer guarantee when terminal node in certain time in the future and maybe be when some different access nodes become activity once more, can be very soon and initiate effectively to connect.

In another embodiment of the present invention; When the loss of link between a terminal node and access node; Starting state transmits; State transfer mechanism is to be used for robustness in the case, because terminal node can be attempted connecting again via another access node once more in the future, makes again connection processing quick and effective.

Fig. 9 representes a kind of communication system 800.Fig. 9 is illustrated in the kernel state managing signaling in the simple version of the canonical system of describing among Fig. 5.Fig. 5 comprise with reference to the same or analogous access node 140,140 of the described access node of Fig. 3 '.Terminal node X 146 is same or similar with the terminal node X 146 of Fig. 2.In addition, kernel state management node (CSMN) 104 is same or similar with the CSMN of Fig. 4.Line between the node of Fig. 9 is represented to send and the relevant message of condition managing that receives according to the present invention, and makes an explanation hereinafter.

In the embodiment of the invention of Fig. 9, CSMN node 104 termly, or in response to some trigger events, state request (ASR) message 801,803 that gathers to access node 140,140 ' transmission respectively.These request message 801,803 expressions are to the request of state information.Receiving said message at 801,803 o'clock, the current state information of access node 140,140 ' terminal node that gathering is relevant with said access node also returns to CSMN node 104 via message 802,804 with it respectively.Receiving message at 802,804 o'clock, CSMN 104 decomposing states also are kept at it in its memory according to the terminal node identifier.Like this, CSMN 104 can control the renewal of its state information.This renewal technology can be used in combination with the state renewal technology of previous discussion.In one embodiment of the invention, what return to CSMN 104 is not to be all states, and only is the dynamical state that regularly changes.

In one embodiment of the invention, with the circulation and the cycle by pre-configured regular method, once send state request (ASR) message 801,803 of a gathering.In an alternate embodiment of the present invention,, send state request (ASR) message of assembling 801,803 with the mode of circulation and when the load on the server is lower than the threshold value that is provided with in advance.As alternatively, can use to be used to arrange and/or other technology of message 801,803 regularly.

In one embodiment of the invention, state transfer is implemented on stack ground in AAA system, and the state transfer message is that (for example: the new expansion RADIUS message), perhaps they are new AAA messages to the AAA message that exists already in the case.In this embodiment, the CSMN node can be used as an aaa server and implements and belong to an AAA hierarchical structure.In an alternate embodiment of the present invention, the CSMN node is a mobile home agent, in the case, the state transfer message as the new expansion of the mobile IP message that exists already, or implement as new mobile IP message.In one embodiment of the invention, said system is a cellular network.In this embodiment, access node can be used as couple in router and implements.Network node can be used as router and implements, and terminal node can corresponding to, for example, implement as mobile node.

Figure 10 representes a kind of communication system 900, its use one can be by a plurality of servers, for example verify, authorize and charge (AAA) server 904,904 ', the public state information database 910 of access.According to the present invention, in database 910, can be by server 904,904 independently ' retrieve and preservation state information, for example as the part of handover operation.This operation possibly comprise a terminal node 946 from first access node, 940 to second access nodes 940 ' switching.

Shown in system 900 in, terminal node X 946 have respectively with first and second access nodes 940,940 ' communication link 510,550.This system 900 comprises other node 120 of one or more execution Route Selection operations.The system of Figure 10 and the system similarity of before having described with reference to Fig. 5, and for example access node and/or server circuit are implemented can to use same or analogous element.System among Figure 10 significantly is different from Fig. 5 system part and is, preservation state information and server inserts and the method for update mode information where in network.In the embodiment of Figure 10, aaa server 904,904 ' outside database 910 be used for preservation state information.This allows the shared public state information database 910 of a plurality of aaa servers, so that avoid need be in each aaa server 904,904 ' middle preservation state information database independently.This has also been avoided the part as the handover operation that will under typical handover operation background, explain now, need aaa server 904,904 ' between transmit message.And; It has increased the reliability of system; Because the fault of individual other aaa server (for example aaa server 904); Do not influence the state transfer process, (for example aaa server 904 ') can be retrieved by any other and be connected the state that aaa server (for example aaa server 904) in the same database 910 is put into database 910 because any aaa server.

Aaa protocol uses not checking/mandates (being also referred to as AA) message on the same group, for example: insert request/answer, with different charging (being also referred to as A) messages, for example: charging request/answer.And, the AA of aaa server part usually only reading database come the retrieval user overview.That is to say that checking/authorization portions does not write usually in database.Yet the charging of aaa server part writes in database usually, with the charge information of the accumulation of preserving given terminal node.Usually, the record that generates by accounting server and AA by aaa server partly generate those separate mutually.Think that logically the AA and the A of AAA system partly are a things (that is: AAA), yet the AA of AAA system and A part can be physically independently sometimes, for example on the different server of a part that comprises database 910.

In one embodiment of the present of invention that Fig. 5 described, message 520 ', 530 ', 560 ' and 570 ' be to implement according to the expansion recently and new of checking/entitlement message.In Figure 10, terminal node X 946 for example when switching beginning, sends preservation state request (SSRQ) message 510 that comprises terminal node X 146 identifiers to access node 940.In one of Figure 10 embodiment such execution mode, the terminal node identifier is network access identifier (NAI), and it shows as following form: user_namerealm usually.When receiving SSRQ message 510; Access node 940 is searched for the state information relevant with said terminal node in its state management data 313 (Fig. 3); And to aaa server 904 send a checking/mandate access request message 520 ', it is equivalent to the AN-STU message 520 among Fig. 5.The identifier of said access request message 520 ' comprise terminal node X 146 (for example: NAI) with relevant with said terminal node, access node 140 ' available state.Said state transmits in the recently and new expansion that inserts request message sometimes.In one embodiment of the invention, said expansion be attribute-value to (AVP), wherein attribute is that (for example: agreement ID), value is actual state information for the type of state.In an alternate embodiment, it is the conventional state of expression that AVP is used as attribute, and value comprises all states relevant with the present said terminal node that transports as opaque object 946.

Insert 520 ' time of request message receiving; Aaa server 904 is handled this message; And send a database to database and write message 905 and be included in the state in the said message with preservation, so that said state is relevant with the identifier of terminal node in being included in said message equally.Database 910 returns a database to aaa server 904 and writes confirmation message 906, with expression write operation success.The access that AAA node 904 also returns a redaction to access node 940 accept message 530 ', correctly receive and stored said state with expression, rather than insert typical case's permission of a terminal node.

Terminal node X 946 (for example: retrieval status request (RSRQ) message 550 its NAI) comprises terminal node X 146 identifiers to access node 940 ' one of transmission.When receiving said RSRQ message 550, access node 940 ' comprise that to aaa server 904 ' one of transmission (for example: checking its NAI)/mandate inserts request message 560 ' (being equivalent to the STRQ message 560 among Fig. 5) to terminal node X 146 identifiers.Noting, is the aaa server that one of message 560 ' send to is different from the server of previous message 520 ' be directed going to, that is: aaa server 904 '.This do not need to represent all access nodes (for example: 940,940 ') to use identical aaa server (904 or 904 '), as long as aaa server (904 and 904 ') can insert identical database 910.

Receiving 560 ' time of said access request message, aaa server 904 ' handle said message, and send to database 910 and to comprise that the database of terminal node 946NAI reads message 907.When receiving message 910, database is searched for the state information relevant with read the terminal node X that representes in the message 946 at said database in its memory.The state relevant that has found previous preservation with terminal node X 946, and database 910 in message 908 to the said state of aaa server 904 ' return.When receiving said message 908, aaa server 904 ' comprise that to access node 940 ' transmission the access of the NAI of said state and terminal node X 946 accepts message 570 ' (being equivalent to the CSMN-STU message 570 among Fig. 5).

Accept 570 ' time of message receiving, access node 940 ' in its state management data 313 (Fig. 3), preserve is included in the state in the said message, and the node 946 that allows to access terminal.

In one embodiment of the invention, when receiving message 907, maybe be not relevant dynamic of database 910 with said terminal node 946.In the case, database 910 has that to show as not be inactive state user's overview form, relevant with terminal node 946 of transmitting content.In the case, with the inactive state of terminal node 946 via message 908 return to aaa server 904 '.In the case, aaa server 904 ' return insert accept before, can between itself and terminal node 946, start normal proving program.Characteristic of the present invention is the checking of the terminal node of standard is combined with delivery of content, has produced a kind of being used for to switch one of the receiving terminal node afterwards strong method of making peace first or and then in system.

Can according to the charging part of aaa server, implement same or analogous function by any expert in the art.

In various embodiment, use one or more modules to implement node described here, to carry out the step corresponding to one or more methods of the present invention, for example signal processing, message generate and/or transmitting step.Like this, in certain embodiments, each characteristic of the present invention is to use module to implement.This module can use the combination of software, hardware or software and hardware to implement.Many in above-described method or the method step can be used machine-executable instruction; For example be included in the for example software within memory device such as RAM, the floppy disk etc. of machine readable media, implement, with the control machine; For example there is or do not have the all-purpose computer of additional hardware; Thereby, for example in one or more nodes, implement all or part of above-described method.Therefore, what wherein need explain a bit is, the present invention is directed to a kind of machine-executable instruction that comprises to cause machine, and for example processor and related hardware are carried out the machine readable media of the step of one or more methods mentioned above.

For the people of those skilled, in view of foregoing description of the present invention, the many extra variation of above-described method and apparatus of the present invention will be conspicuous.This variation will be believed to comprise within category of the present invention.Method and apparatus of the present invention is passable, and in various embodiment, cooperates the communication technology of the CDMA, OFDM (OFDM) or various other types that can be used for providing the wireless communication link between access node and the mobile node to use.In certain embodiments, access node is implemented as the base station of using OFDM and/or CDMA and mobile node to set up communication linkage.In various embodiment, mobile node is comprised that as notebook computer, PDA(Personal Digital Assistant) or other portable set receiver/transmitter circuitry and logic and/or routine implement, to realize method of the present invention.

Claims

1. communication means that is used for comprising the communication system of first access node, second access node, kernel state management node and mobile node is comprised by this method of said kernel state management node operation:

Receive mobile node identifier and the said first access node existing state information relevant with said mobile node from said first access node, said state information is in response to signal that said first access node received and quilt is transmitted;

Store said state information, make said state information be associated with said mobile node identifier;

Receive signal from said second access node, said signal comprises said mobile node identifier; And

Said signal in response to receiving from said second access node sends to said second access node with said state information.

2. the method for claim 1, wherein said first access node and said second access node are the base stations.

3. the method for claim 1, the said signal that wherein receives from said second access node comprises the mobile node identifier.

4. method as claimed in claim 3, the said signal that wherein said first access node is received is the signal from said mobile node.

5. method as claimed in claim 2 also comprises:

After said state information was sent to said second access node, at least one of operating in said first and second access nodes sent to smart box with the routing updates signal.

6. the method for claim 1; Wherein said first access node is in first network area; Said second access node is in second network area, and said condition managing node is used for storing the state information that supplies mobile node to be used for visiting through the access node in the said first area said system.

7. method as claimed in claim 5, wherein said condition managing node also are used for storing the state information that supplies mobile node to be used for visiting through the access node in the said second area said system.

8. method as claimed in claim 3 also comprises:

Operate said second access node and check, to confirm whether said second access node has received the state information corresponding with said mobile node before the said signal that the said kernel state management node of generation is received.

9. kernel state management node that is used for comprising the communication system of first access node, second access node, kernel state management node and mobile node, this kernel state management node comprises:

Receiver module; Be used for receiving mobile node identifier and the said first access node existing state information relevant with said mobile node from said first access node, said state information is in response to signal that said first access node received and quilt is transmitted;

Memory module is used to store said state information, makes said state information be associated with said mobile node identifier;

Wherein said receiver module also receives signal from said second access node, and said signal comprises said mobile node identifier; And

Sending module is used in response to the said signal from said second access node reception said state information being sent to said second access node.

10. kernel state management node as claimed in claim 9, wherein said first access node and said second access node are the base stations.

11. kernel state management node as claimed in claim 9, the said signal that wherein receives from said second access node comprises the mobile node identifier.

12. a kernel state management node that is used for comprising the communication system of first access node, second access node, kernel state management node and mobile node, this kernel state management node comprises;

Receiver; Be used for receiving mobile node identifier and the said first access node existing state information relevant with said mobile node from said first access node, said state information is in response to signal that said first access node received and quilt is transmitted;

Memory is used to store said state information, makes said state information be associated with said mobile node identifier;

Wherein said receiver also receives signal from said second access node, and said signal comprises said mobile node identifier; And

Transmitter is used in response to the said signal from said second access node reception said state information being sent to said second access node.

13. kernel state management node as claimed in claim 12, wherein said first access node and said second access node are the base stations.

14. kernel state management node as claimed in claim 13, the said signal that wherein receives from said second access node comprises the mobile node identifier.