Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention:
The present invention considers the actual needs of field study, at defective that exists in prior art and the system design or deficiency, a kind of field investgation system based on PDA, GPS, GIS and GPRS is provided, so that the advantage of performance Spatial Information Technology is increased work efficiency in the field study in fields such as soil, geology, agricultural, forestry, environmental protection.This invention possesses two characteristics: versatility and real-time Transmission.Adopt this equipment, portable terminal at first obtains configuration file from server end, and generates different user interfaces according to configuration file, thereby satisfies the needs of different industries operation, has realized versatility; Data recording and processing can be carried out after generating in the interface, and the navigation functional module can realize satellite accurately location and navigation, and can utilize GPRS technology and server end to carry out real-time Data Transmission, thereby increases work efficiency in each link.
Series technical project of the present invention is as follows:
Field investgation system based on PDA, GPS, GIS and GPRS is characterized in that, comprises by network or interconnected portable terminal and the server end of GPRS wireless network; Described portable terminal is the PDA terminal of a kind of PDA of comprising storer and display window, have communication interface and data line interface, and be integrated with following functional module: layer management module, image display module, information inquiry module, GPS navigation locating module, data acquisition module, GPRS communication module and system management module; Described server end is a kind of Computer Database application server equipment, is integrated with following functional module: system configuration module, data management module, enquiry data preparation module, spatial data service module, enquiry data receive library module, investigation supervision and check module, data tabulate statistics module and space querying display module.
Described layer management module is used for the operation base map is selected and arranged in pairs or groups, and comprises the selection of figure layers such as remote sensing image data, grating map data, vector space data, place name flag data and mixes and use; Described image display module is used for spatial data service data that is obtained and built-in spatial data service are shown; Described information inquiry module is used for the space key element is inquired about, so that understand their inherent attribute and space distribution situation; Described GPS navigation locating module is used for reading the spatial point bit data of built-in GPS module, and superposes with the operation base map, thereby determines the accurate geographic position of current investigation, realizes navigation feature; Described data acquisition module is used to finish actual data collection task, comprises the collection of space boundary data and collection two parts content of key element attribute data; Described GPRS communication module is used to ensure the normal operation of built-in GPRS module, realizes real-time data transmission between PDA and the data server; Described system management module is used for each module is managed.
Described system configuration module mainly is to dispose unified investigation interface according to concrete application demand; Described data management module is used for the various databases on the server are managed, and comprises metadata management; Described enquiry data preparation module is used to field study to prepare the base map data, comprises the spatial registration of the conversion of data coordinate system, various spatial datas, the foundation of raster data pyramid storage organization and the layering and zoning tissue of vector data; Described spatial data service module is used for providing the spatial data service to PDA, so that the situation of current survey area can be presented on the screen; Described enquiry data receives library module and is responsible for accepting to hold the enquiry data of passing back by PDA, they is carried out quality check, and finally enter survey database; Described investigation supervision and check module is used for all PDA terminals are managed, and shows the physical location of each terminal in real time, guarantees the rationality of investigation route; Described data tabulate statistics is used for all enquiry datas are carried out the statistics of various standards; Described space querying shows and is used for inquiring about at spatial database and survey database.
Described communication interface is serial ports, GPRS interface and/or USB mouth.
The cable that is connected to of described communication interface connects and/or the GPRS wireless connections.
Technique effect of the present invention is as follows:
Because invention utilizes the basic equipment of PDA as field study, layer management module, figure layer or image display module, information inquiry module, GPS navigation locating module, data acquisition module, GPRS communication module and system management module are integrated, form specialized equipment.
This equipment can be with digitized map as the investigation base map, generate different user interfaces to adapt to the needs of different industries data recording by obtain configuration file from server, utilize built-in GPS navigation functional module to carry out accurate space orientation and navigation, utilize visual interface to carry out the record of data.
This equipment is connected with server by GPRS, and investigation result can be real-time transmitted to server end warehouse-in, if signal a little less than, can not finish the GPRS communication, investigation information also can temporarily be stored in PDA, and investigation finishes the back and is connected with desktop computer by data line, with data loading.
This equipment generates the versatility at interface and the real-time Data Transmission that realizes by GPRS network owing to having possessed by configuration file, thereby has improved efficient in all fields.
Embodiment
(Fig. 1-Fig. 2) makes the utility model and further specifying below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 implements module integrated morphology synoptic diagram of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, layer management module, image display module, information inquiry module, GPS navigation locating module, data acquisition module, GPRS communication module, system management module are integrated, forming portable terminal is the PDA end; System configuration module, data management module, enquiry data preparation module, spatial data service module, enquiry data are received library module, investigation supervision and check module, data tabulate statistics module and space querying display module integrate, forming server end is the PC end.Portable terminal is connected by the GPRS wireless network with server end, forms specialized equipment jointly, can be widely used in the field data investigation in fields such as soil, geology, agricultural, forestry, environmental protection, and enquiry data can be delivered to server end in real time.
Fig. 2 implements circuit theory synoptic diagram of the present invention.Be described as follows in conjunction with Fig. 2: implement circuit of the present utility model and comprise CPU (central processing unit), the power supply administration module that connects electric battery connects SDRAM (synchronous DRAM), GPS (GPS) chip, the Mini SD (miniature secure digital storage card) of 1GB, USB (USB (universal serial bus)) transceiver, RS-232 (serial data interface standard) transceiver of the 64M of CPU respectively.GPS (GPS) chip connects external antenna, USB (universal sequence interface) transceiver is connected Sync (synchronously) plate connecting interface respectively with RS-232 (serial data interface standard) transceiver, and Sync (synchronously) plate connecting interface connects the equipment that comprises keyboard, PC-Sync connector and connection adaptor.PDA connects display screen by the LCD mouth.
Based on the field investgation system of PDA/GPS/GIS/GPRS, it is characterized in that having field data acquisition module and interior industry data processing module, and be connected with corresponding communication interface.
Described field data acquisition module can be divided into layer management module, image display module, information inquiry module, GPS navigation locating module, data acquisition module, GPRS communication module and system management module.
Described layer management module is used for the operation base map is selected and arranged in pairs or groups, and comprises the selection of figure layers such as remote sensing image data, grating map data, vector space data, place name flag data and mixes and use.
Described image display module is used for spatial data service data that is obtained and built-in spatial data service are shown, so that obtain visual effect preferably, comprises that full figure shows, amplifies demonstration, roaming demonstration etc.
Described information inquiry module is used for various spaces key element is inquired about, so that understand their inherent attribute and space distribution situation.Simultaneously,, can also determine which unit was investigated, thereby can avoid the appearance of duplication situation, improve whole work efficiency by information inquiry.
Described GPS navigation locating module is used for reading the spatial point bit data of built-in GPS module, and superposes with the operation base map, thereby determines the accurate geographic position of current investigation, realizes navigation feature.
Described data acquisition module is used to finish actual data collection task, comprises the collection of space boundary data and collection two parts content of key element attribute data.For the collection of space boundary data, can utilize felt pen to paint at the ditch of the enterprising row bound of PDA screen, system will write down relevant coordinate data automatically.For the investigation of attribute data, system will carry out filling in of relevant data and warehouse-in work by general investigation dialog box.
Described GPRS communication module is used to ensure the normal operation of built-in GPRS module, realizes real-time data transmission between PDA and the data server.
Described system management module is used for each module is managed.
In addition, described field data acquisition module comprises that also following content: PDA can accept the spatial data service of data server by GPRS, so that as the investigation work base map.PDA end can also be built-in oneself map datum so that under the situation that does not have the GPRS network signal, also can carry out the field study operation.Also set up a mono-observation data file at PDA end, all enquiry datas all can be recorded in this document, thereby can avoid because wireless network signal is unstable or interrupt and the loss of data that causes.
The industry data processing module can be divided into system configuration module, data management module, enquiry data preparation module, spatial data service module, enquiry data and receives library module, investigation supervision and check module, data tabulate statistics module and space querying display module in described.
Described system configuration module mainly is to dispose unified investigation interface according to concrete application demand, and during the process of the investigation, all and this server carry out mutual PDA end and all will adopt this interface to carry out making a report on of enquiry data.
Described data management module is used for the various databases on the server are managed, and comprises metadata management.
Described enquiry data preparation module is used to field study to prepare the base map data, comprises the spatial registration of the conversion of data coordinate system, various spatial datas, the foundation of raster data pyramid storage organization, the layering and zoning tissue of vector data etc.
Described spatial data service module is used for providing the spatial data service to PDA, so that the situation of current survey area can be presented on the screen.
Described enquiry data receives library module and is responsible for accepting to hold the enquiry data of passing back by PDA, they is carried out quality check, and finally enter survey database.
Described investigation supervision and check module is used for all PDA terminals are managed, and shows the physical location of each terminal in real time, guarantees the rationality of investigation route.
Described data tabulate statistics is used for all enquiry datas are carried out the statistics of various standards.
Described space querying shows and is used for carrying out complicated query at spatial database and survey database that Query Result can carry out visualization display and thematic charting.
Described communication interface is serial ports, GPRS interface and USB mouth.
The cable that is connected to of described communication interface connects and the GPRS wireless connections.
Each intermodule work compound process of the present invention is as follows:
Hardware components mainly is the carrier and the data buffer of program run, is used for carrying out that basic data is uploaded, observation data is downloaded, operations such as the real-time Transmission of data and data edition, and provides accurate location by built-in GPS chip for data acquisition.Under outdoor (can receive gps signal and GPRS signal) open state, the GPS chip can obtain the positional information of current position, the GPS navigation localization function module can obtain this information, be used on display screen, showing current location, data acquisition module can obtain current location information, and stores storage card together into observation data.Information inquiry module, graphic presentation and layer management module can read existing information and edit accordingly from storage card.In a single day enquiry data is preserved successfully, the GPRS communication module can return server end by the GPRS network real-time Transmission with the data of new record.
After server end receives the data that the PDA terminal passes back, at first receive warehouse-in data are carried out quality check, warehouse-in if data are errorless by enquiry data.The investigation terminal positional information of supervision and check module by passing back from terminal surveyed the route management that exercises supervision to revolving of PDA.The data summarizing module can gather observation data, and summarized results is uploaded national data base.
It is as follows to use actual job process description of the present invention:
1. the investigation preparation of auxiliary data (grid, map vector, various list datas)
(1) the large scale image data of GEOTIFF form can comprise digital raster topomap or satellite image etc., mainly is the form existence as the navigation base map, is used to help the user to carry out intuitively, locate fast and investigation.
(2) the investigation unit of SHAPE form numeral map vector mainly refers to administrative unit zoning map that field investigation uses, forest form map etc., is the basis that register system is utilized the GIS function; Secondly for convenient investigation, can also use auxiliary space data such as road, river, waters, zoning.
2. the investigation preparation of configuration file
Before the investigation beginning, be necessary for PDA preparation investigation and use configuration file, be used for generating the investigation interface.
3. the configuration of field note instrument
In register system, the investigator before investigation first need with relevant basic data, everyly data are set and configuration file uploads in the field note instrument, perhaps download by GPRS network from server end.
4. field data collection and record
Mainly be based on various data forms, gather enquiry data.The mode of record data has two kinds, and a kind of is that data are recorded in the temporary file of PDA, prevents that data from causing loss of data because of the GPRS network fault; Another kind is with the enquiry data end of uploading onto the server in real time by GPRS network.
5. server end data processing
Server end receives data in real time by GPRS network, and the data that receive are carried out quality check, and finally enters survey database, and simultaneously, server can guarantee the rationality of investigation route to the management that exercises supervision of each terminal.