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CN101438666A - Method for cultivating oyster mushroom using corn straw - Google Patents

Method for cultivating oyster mushroom using corn straw Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101438666A
CN101438666A CNA2008101600055A CN200810160005A CN101438666A CN 101438666 A CN101438666 A CN 101438666A CN A2008101600055 A CNA2008101600055 A CN A2008101600055A CN 200810160005 A CN200810160005 A CN 200810160005A CN 101438666 A CN101438666 A CN 101438666A
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China
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cultivating
maize straw
straw
urea
fertilisers
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CNA2008101600055A
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CN101438666B (en
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张衍栋
吕阿芳
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for cultivating oyster mushroom with corn straws. The method mainly comprises four steps: treating the corn straws with quick lime; preparing a culture medium; feeding materials and inoculating; and culturing the mushroom and growing the mushroom. In the method, the corn straws are treated by the quick lime so that the lime plays roles of sterilization and bacteriostasis, thus achieving a purpose of controlling growth of mixed bacteria in the corn straws, and solving a problem of failure of oyster mushroom cultivation with a raw material of the corn straws due to the mixed bacteria growth.

Description

Utilize the method for maize straw cultivating white mushroom
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultivation method of flat mushroom, especially utilize the maize straw cultivating white mushroom method.
Background technology
In flat mushroom is produced, generally be to use cotton seed hulls, but, influenced flat aunt's productivity effect because cotton seed hulls price height causes producing flat mushroom cost height as cultivate material.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention solves provides a kind of lower-cost method of utilizing the maize straw cultivating white mushroom.
For addressing the above problem, the inventive method step is as follows:
(1) processing of maize straw
Get dried and clean maize straw, with feed mincer maize straw being ground into into fineness is 0.5-1 centimetre straw bran.
(2) composts or fertilisers of cultivating preparation
Composts or fertilisers of cultivating is divided into two parts, and a part is called basestocks, and another part is a fender.Wherein:
The preparation method of basestocks is: get 100 parts of maize straw chaffs, urea 0.5-1 part, 16 parts of quicklimes, 200 parts in water, earlier urea and lime are added in the entry, after fully stirring and dissolving is sprinkled and is mixed thoroughly in the straw bran, bank up 3-5 angel straw bran water content about 60%, make stalk fully softening, help raw fiber and decompose, and reach the sterilization purpose.During banking up, should keep clean environment, be the rain and snow during except that outdoor banking up, and need not cover.High temperature season is preferably in outdoor banking up, and suitably spreads out, to reduce moisture in the material.
Amount of urea is got 1 part in the winter time, gets 0.5 part in summer.
The preparation of fender: get maize straw chaff 50-100 part, urea 0.5-1 part, 4 parts of superphosphate, 0.2 part of carbendazim, earlier urea, superphosphate, the spirit of many mattresses are added together fully to whisk in the water of 1.6-1.8 times of maize straw chaff weight and be spread across in the straw bran, fully mix thoroughly, bank up half a day.
The fender and the basestocks that prepare are fully mixed, and the control pH value is between 7-8.
(3) charging, inoculation
Get the polyethylene letter bag of long 40-50 centimetre, wide 25-28 centimetre, end with plastics letter bag ties with rope earlier, at the bottom of bag, be sprinkled into one deck bacterial classification earlier, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating of packing into, limit rim compacting is filled to 1/3rd, 2/3rds and fill and be sprinkled into one deck bacterial classification respectively, leveling is sturdy, bacterial classification is closely contacted with material, frap, the bacterial classification consumption is generally 15% of composts or fertilisers of cultivating.
(4) send out the bacterium fruiting
After pack, the inoculation, cultivation bag can be removed to sending out a bacterium chamber, pile up at 3-30 ℃ and send out bacterium (cultivation mycelium) and after 15-20 days cultivation bag moved into the mushroom room and be the wall formula and pile up discharging, impel fruiting.
Good effect of the present invention is: 1, adopt quicklime to handle maize straw, the sterilization of lime, antibacterial effect have been brought into play, reached the purpose of the varied bacteria growing in the control maize straw, solved in the maize straw cultivating " Pinggu " mushroom with raw compost because of growing the problem that assorted bacterium leads to the failure.2, make full use of maize straw resource, make its flat mushroom that is converted into high-quality high protein edible for people, biologicak efficiency reaches more than 80%.
Embodiment
Further specify technical solution of the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
(1) processing of maize straw
Getting dried and clean corn stalk, with feed mincer maize straw to be ground into into fineness be 0.5-1 centimetre straw bran.
(2) composts or fertilisers of cultivating preparation
Composts or fertilisers of cultivating is divided into two parts, and a part is called basestocks, and another part is called fender.Wherein:
The preparation method of basestocks is: get 100 parts of maize straw chaffs, urea 0.5-1 part, 16 parts of quicklimes, 200 parts in water, earlier urea and lime are added in the entry, after fully stirring and dissolving is sprinkled and is mixed thoroughly in the straw bran, bank up 3-5 angel straw bran water content about 60%, make stalk fully softening, help raw fiber and decompose, and reach the sterilization purpose.During banking up, should keep clean environment, be the rain and snow during except that outdoor banking up, and need not cover.High temperature season is preferably in outdoor banking up, and suitably spreads out, to reduce moisture in the material.
(3) charging, inoculation
Used plastic sack is a polyethylene letter bag, long 40-50 centimetre, and wide 25-28 centimetre.End with plastics letter bag ties with rope earlier, is sprinkled into one deck bacterial classification earlier, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating of packing into, and limit rim compacting is filled to and is sprinkled into one deck bacterial classification three/a period of time, continues charging then.Be filled at 2/3rds o'clock and reenter one deck bacterial classification, continue charging, when filling soon, be sprinkled into last one deck bacterial classification, leveling is sturdy, and bacterial classification is closely contacted with material.Frap, sowing quantity is generally about 15% of material, and the key of pack is to spread some bacterial classifications near sack more, seals two charge level with bacterial classification.
(4) hair tube reason
After packing, inoculating, cultivation bag can be removed to a bacterium chamber and pile up a bacterium (cultivation mycelium), bacteria developing period is to keeping the ground drying, circulation of air, and the warm situation of change of frequent attention inspection material.Hypha of Pleurotus ostreatus all can be grown at 3-35 ℃, but very fast and healthy and strong with about 24 ℃ growths.In order to prevent that assorted bacterium from growing, to send out a bacterium temperature and would rather hang down, composts or fertilisers of cultivating temperature and the heat production meeting of fermenting is risen rapidly should be regulated according to season, temperature Change situation.Control method increases and decreases covering except by the switch door and window, outside control is ventilated, can regulate by determining the cultivation bag height of release.If temperature about 10 ℃, can be piled high 1-I.5 rice, duplicate rows side by side; Can pile layer 2-3 about 20 ℃, the single file discharging; About 25 ℃, can only single file, the individual layer discharging.Thermometer to be placed on heap interassay material temperature between bacteria developing period, heap cooling if the material temperature near 30 ℃, be loose; Under optimum conditions, the 15-20 days mycelia in inoculation back can send out.
(5) management of producing mushroom
After mycelia fully sends out, should in time cultivation bag be moved into the mushroom room and be wall formula accumulation discharging, create suitable condition and impel fruiting.Usually low form flat mushroom original hase differentiation temperature is at 5-20 ℃, but different kinds and strain have than big-difference, should satisfy its characteristic requirement.When minority cultivation bag charge level mycelia adularescent shot-like particle occurred, original hase differentiation beginning should be untied sack, and begin immediately earthward, all around with whole space water spray, improve air humidity, guarantee that charge level is moistening, prevent drying, must guard against that water is sprayed onto on the charge level.This phase relative air humidity is advisable with 80-85%.When entering the young flower bud phase, humidity can be big a little, must note water not being sprayed onto on the young flower bud, along with the formation injection flow rate of fruit body increases gradually, makes relative air humidity reach 85-94% gradually, will be lower than 70% scarcely, otherwise will influence output.
Except humidity control, should also be noted that the adjusting of temperature, illumination and ventilation.Usually the mushroom carpophore developmental temperature is slightly higher than original hase differentiation temperature requirement, and the low form flat mushroom should be controlled in 7-22 ℃ of scopes, with 15-19 ℃ of optimums.Generally keep scattered light to get final product for illumination, suitably strengthen illumination and can promote the original hase differentiation, should avoid the sunlight direct projection.Fruit body development, the absolute demand ventilation should avoid vexed wet, sultry, does not also need high wind directly to blow.
Promptly come to the ripening period after cap is open and flat, involute slightly when the cap outer rim, can gather when open and flat infully as yet, earlier to gather and can ensure the quality of products, output is not significantly reduced yet, and main is to avoid a large amount of scatterings of spore that human body is worked the mischief.
After first batch of mushroom gathered, should in time clear up residue, dead mushroom,, surperficial one deck should be scraped off as charge level skinning or local blackout, can spray heavy water one time as the composts or fertilisers of cultivating overdrying, draw sack then in, cut off the water a couple of days, allow mycelia recover growth, the savings nutrient can have the mushroom flower bud to occur again in 7-10 days.
In order to improve output, after second batch of mushroom gathered, preferably plant method bacteria fruiting with adopting, plastic sack is taken off, be cut into two sections, plant in furrow, spray the nutrient solution that is made into by urea 0.3%, sugar 1%, ash 2% then, cover 1 centimetre of wet soil, the heat insulating culture of sheltering from heat or light can improve 10% output approximately.

Claims (1)

1, a kind of method of utilizing the maize straw cultivating white mushroom is characterized in that it may further comprise the steps:
The first step: the processing of maize straw
Get dried and clean maize straw, with feed mincer maize straw being ground into into fineness is 0.5-1 centimetre straw bran;
Second step: composts or fertilisers of cultivating preparation
Composts or fertilisers of cultivating is divided into basestocks and fender, wherein:
The preparation method of basestocks is: get 100 parts of maize straw chaffs, urea 0.5-1 part, 16 parts of quicklimes, 200 parts in water, earlier urea and lime are added in the entry, after fully stirring and dissolving is sprinkled and is mixed thoroughly in the straw bran, bank up 3-5 angel straw bran water content about 60%, make stalk fully softening, helping raw fiber decomposes, and reach the sterilization purpose, during banking up, should keep clean environment, be the rain and snow during except that outdoor banking up, need not cover, high temperature season is banked up outdoor, and suitably spreads out, to reduce moisture in the material;
Amount of urea is got 1 part in the winter time, gets 0.5 part in summer;
The preparation of fender: get maize straw chaff 50-100 part, urea 0.5-1 part, 4 parts of superphosphate, 0.2 part of carbendazim, earlier urea, superphosphate, the spirit of many mattresses are added together fully to whisk in the water of 1.6-1.8 times of maize straw chaff weight and be spread across in the straw bran, fully mix thoroughly, bank up half a day;
The fender and the basestocks that prepare are fully mixed, and the control pH value is between 7-8;
The 3rd step: charging, inoculation
Get the polyethylene letter bag of long 40-50 centimetre, wide 25-28 centimetre, end with plastics letter bag ties with rope earlier, at the bottom of bag, be sprinkled into one deck bacterial classification earlier, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating of packing into, limit rim compacting is filled to 1/3rd, 2/3rds and fill and be sprinkled into one deck bacterial classification respectively, leveling is sturdy, bacterial classification is closely contacted with material, frap, the bacterial classification consumption is generally 15% of composts or fertilisers of cultivating;
The 4th step: send out the bacterium fruiting
After packing, inoculating, cultivation bag can be removed, pile up at 3-30 ℃ and send out a bacterium cultivation mycelium, after 15-20 days cultivation bag be moved into the mushroom room and be wall formula accumulation discharging, impel fruiting to sending out a bacterium chamber.
CN2008101600055A 2008-11-07 2008-11-07 Method for cultivating oyster mushroom using corn straw Expired - Fee Related CN101438666B (en)

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CN101438666B CN101438666B (en) 2010-11-03

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Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102757267A (en) * 2012-06-29 2012-10-31 陈瑞 Method for quickly corroding and composing organic fertilizer
CN102783359A (en) * 2012-08-10 2012-11-21 安徽天都灵芝制品公司 Method for culturing oyster mushroom by adopting raw materials
CN103013608A (en) * 2013-01-15 2013-04-03 贵州江林能源科技开发有限公司 Method of preparing solid fuel by softening straws and curing and forming waste fungi bag base material
CN103371053A (en) * 2012-04-29 2013-10-30 何寒 Method for cultivating green natural oyster mushrooms by using pure-length rice straws
CN103404369A (en) * 2013-07-22 2013-11-27 何寒 Method for preparing fruiting fungus bag for oyster mushroom with cornstalk as principal raw material
CN103467177A (en) * 2013-08-15 2013-12-25 安徽中祝农业发展有限公司 Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation medium and preparation method thereof
CN103460980A (en) * 2012-06-06 2013-12-25 徐德邡 Method for cultivating oyster mushroom raw materials
CN104186207A (en) * 2014-09-28 2014-12-10 梁德政 Oyster mushroom cultivating method adopting cone pepper straw as main raw material
CN104303843A (en) * 2014-10-22 2015-01-28 赵俊瑞 Method for using idle-period farmland to cultivate edible fungi in a wild and outdoor manner
CN104402616A (en) * 2014-11-25 2015-03-11 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 Oyster mushroom cultivation medium with use of garlic straw and oyster mushroom production method
CN104446762A (en) * 2014-11-15 2015-03-25 云南农业大学 Method for preparing oyster mushroom cultivation material by utilizing marigold straw
CN105052539A (en) * 2015-07-28 2015-11-18 黄艳芳 Midsummer unconventional high-yield cultivation method of pleurotus ostreatus
CN106800469A (en) * 2017-02-15 2017-06-06 上海市农业科学院 Plant the compost of flat mushroom in a kind of suitable Tibet Plateau
CN107417319A (en) * 2017-05-08 2017-12-01 河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所 A kind of planting material and cultural method that flat mushroom is cultivated using maize straw
CN108450233A (en) * 2018-03-29 2018-08-28 晴隆县雪林蘑菇产业开发有限责任公司 A method of utilizing agricultural crop straw Planting of Brazil mushroom
CN110637676A (en) * 2019-10-25 2020-01-03 葫芦岛农函大玄宇食用菌野驯繁育有限公司 Termitomyces albuminosus cultivation method and cultivation medium
CN111869508A (en) * 2020-07-20 2020-11-03 新乡市达威智能门窗实用技术研究中心 Corn straw oyster mushroom culture material and preparation method and application thereof
CN112136600A (en) * 2019-11-16 2020-12-29 安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 Oyster mushroom cultivation base material and preparation method thereof
CN113951050A (en) * 2021-10-12 2022-01-21 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 Oyster mushroom culture medium and preparation method thereof

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103371053A (en) * 2012-04-29 2013-10-30 何寒 Method for cultivating green natural oyster mushrooms by using pure-length rice straws
CN103460980A (en) * 2012-06-06 2013-12-25 徐德邡 Method for cultivating oyster mushroom raw materials
CN102757267A (en) * 2012-06-29 2012-10-31 陈瑞 Method for quickly corroding and composing organic fertilizer
CN102783359A (en) * 2012-08-10 2012-11-21 安徽天都灵芝制品公司 Method for culturing oyster mushroom by adopting raw materials
CN103013608A (en) * 2013-01-15 2013-04-03 贵州江林能源科技开发有限公司 Method of preparing solid fuel by softening straws and curing and forming waste fungi bag base material
CN103404369A (en) * 2013-07-22 2013-11-27 何寒 Method for preparing fruiting fungus bag for oyster mushroom with cornstalk as principal raw material
CN103467177A (en) * 2013-08-15 2013-12-25 安徽中祝农业发展有限公司 Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation medium and preparation method thereof
CN104186207A (en) * 2014-09-28 2014-12-10 梁德政 Oyster mushroom cultivating method adopting cone pepper straw as main raw material
CN104303843A (en) * 2014-10-22 2015-01-28 赵俊瑞 Method for using idle-period farmland to cultivate edible fungi in a wild and outdoor manner
CN104446762A (en) * 2014-11-15 2015-03-25 云南农业大学 Method for preparing oyster mushroom cultivation material by utilizing marigold straw
CN104402616A (en) * 2014-11-25 2015-03-11 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 Oyster mushroom cultivation medium with use of garlic straw and oyster mushroom production method
CN105052539A (en) * 2015-07-28 2015-11-18 黄艳芳 Midsummer unconventional high-yield cultivation method of pleurotus ostreatus
CN106800469A (en) * 2017-02-15 2017-06-06 上海市农业科学院 Plant the compost of flat mushroom in a kind of suitable Tibet Plateau
CN107417319A (en) * 2017-05-08 2017-12-01 河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所 A kind of planting material and cultural method that flat mushroom is cultivated using maize straw
CN108450233A (en) * 2018-03-29 2018-08-28 晴隆县雪林蘑菇产业开发有限责任公司 A method of utilizing agricultural crop straw Planting of Brazil mushroom
CN110637676A (en) * 2019-10-25 2020-01-03 葫芦岛农函大玄宇食用菌野驯繁育有限公司 Termitomyces albuminosus cultivation method and cultivation medium
CN112136600A (en) * 2019-11-16 2020-12-29 安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 Oyster mushroom cultivation base material and preparation method thereof
CN111869508A (en) * 2020-07-20 2020-11-03 新乡市达威智能门窗实用技术研究中心 Corn straw oyster mushroom culture material and preparation method and application thereof
CN113951050A (en) * 2021-10-12 2022-01-21 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 Oyster mushroom culture medium and preparation method thereof

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