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CN101435816B - A test method and test device for cement concrete resistance to sulfate corrosion - Google Patents

A test method and test device for cement concrete resistance to sulfate corrosion Download PDF

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CN101435816B
CN101435816B CN2008102333210A CN200810233321A CN101435816B CN 101435816 B CN101435816 B CN 101435816B CN 2008102333210 A CN2008102333210 A CN 2008102333210A CN 200810233321 A CN200810233321 A CN 200810233321A CN 101435816 B CN101435816 B CN 101435816B
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concrete
sulfate
test specimen
cement concrete
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CN101435816A (en
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王冲
彭小芹
杨长辉
刘芳
白光
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Chongqing University
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Abstract

一种水泥混凝土抗硫酸盐腐蚀的测试方法及装置,它是利用电渗脉冲技术原理,促进硫酸根离子向水泥混凝土内部的扩散,快速检测水泥混凝土抗硫酸盐腐蚀性能;混凝土抗硫酸盐腐蚀能力大小以混凝土的质量变化与强度损失值进行评判。本测试方法将混凝土试件置于硫酸盐环境中,根据硫酸根离子在脉冲电压作用下,与混凝土试件水化产物的反应情况,快速判断混凝土抗硫酸盐腐蚀性能。本测试方法测试强度小,周期短;整个测试过程只需7天即可完成,测试结果也较准确,能够真实的反映混凝土在硫酸盐环境中被腐蚀的状况。

Figure 200810233321

A test method and device for sulfate corrosion resistance of cement concrete, which uses the principle of electroosmotic pulse technology to promote the diffusion of sulfate ions to the interior of cement concrete, and quickly detect the sulfate corrosion resistance of cement concrete; the sulfate corrosion resistance of concrete The size is judged by the quality change and strength loss value of concrete. In this test method, the concrete specimen is placed in a sulfate environment, and the sulfate corrosion resistance of concrete is quickly judged according to the reaction of sulfate ions with the hydration product of the concrete specimen under the action of pulse voltage. This test method has low test intensity and short cycle; the whole test process can be completed in only 7 days, and the test results are relatively accurate, which can truly reflect the corrosion of concrete in the sulfate environment.

Figure 200810233321

Description

A kind of method of testing of cement concrete anti-sulphates corrosive and proving installation
Technical field
The present invention relates to the building materials field tests, especially a kind of method of testing and proving installation of test water cement concrete anti-sulphates corrosive.
Background technology
Cement concrete is the structured material that consumption is maximum in the world, usable range is the widest.Cement concrete is subject to the chemical erosion of the objectionable constituent in air, underground water and the soil owing to inner structure and hydrated product, causes performances such as its intensity, cubic deformation and serviceable life to descend.In many chemical erosion types, sulphate corrosion is a key factor that influences concrete durability.The sulfate ion that all contains in soil, the underground water; Penetrate into inside concrete and react with the hydrated cementitious product; Produce concrete destructions such as expanding, ftracture, peel off, make structural concrete at the design service life that does not reach its expection with regard to too early destroying.Therefore, the concrete anti-sulphates corrosive method of testing that research and development are suitable is to guarantee concrete durability.
The test of current concrete sulfate resistance does not have standard method, as the sulfate resistance test of the cement of Binder Materials standard method is arranged.So the method for cement sulfate resistance test is used in the test of concrete sulfate resistance sometimes.China adopts following two kinds of methods to carry out the sulfate resistance test at present: a kind of is GB749-65 " cement resisting erosion of sulfate method of testing ", and another kind is GB2420-80 " a cement resisting erosion of sulfate method of testing (express method) ".GB749-65 adopts the little mortar specimen (cement-sand ratio is 1: 3.5) of 10mm * 10mm * 30mm, and GB2420-80 adopts the little mortar specimen (cement-sand ratio is 1: 3.5) of 10mm * 10mm * 60mm.Facts have proved, adopt this class methods test result discreteness very big.
In addition, the method for using always in the concrete research also has 80 ℃ of metabisulfite solution drying and watering cycle action methods.This method is concrete to be soaked a period of time (being generally 12 hours) in 80 ℃ of metabisulfite solutions, takes out the back and in 80 ℃ of baking ovens, dries, and soaks again, so circulates after 50 times, tests concrete loss of strength and mass loss.This method significant disadvantages is that tester's labour intensity is big, and key a bit is simultaneously, after 50 drying and watering cycles; Though concrete intensity has loss; But as far as some concrete, its not anti-reflection of quality increases, and can't reflect the situation that concrete is corroded in condition of sulfate really.Crucial is, even there is not condition of sulfate, the thermal shock effect that concrete drying and watering cycle causes under 80 ℃ of conditions also can cause concrete destruction, thereby is difficult to really judge concrete anti-sulphates corrosive ability.
In view of above method defective separately, be necessary to develop a kind of new anti-sulphates corrosive method.
Summary of the invention
To the above-mentioned deficiency that prior art exists, the purpose of this invention is to provide the method for testing that a kind of test result is directed against the cement concrete anti-sulphates corrosive comparatively accurately, easily and fast.
The objective of the invention is to realize like this: a kind of method of testing of cement concrete anti-sulphates corrosive; It is characterized in that; Utilize electric osmose pulse work principle; Promote sulfate ion to the inner diffusion of cement concrete, promote the reaction of sulfate ion and cement concrete hydrated product, fast detecting cement concrete anti-sulphates corrosive performance; Concrete anti-sulphates corrosive ability size changes with the loss of strength value with quality of concrete to be passed judgment on.
Method of testing of the present invention, concrete steps comprise:
1) setup test sample: the water intaking cement concrete is tested the cube that is shaped as of test specimen as the test test specimen;
2) the test test specimen removing surface of step 1) preparation is clean, take by weighing the initial mass of testing test specimen;
3) with step 2) test test specimen after handling places the suitable test box of the length of side middle part of width and test test specimen, and the test box space at test test specimen two ends is cut off, and an opposing sidewalls of test test specimen seals with the applying of test box inwall and by sealant; Two battery lead plates that will connect impulse voltage generator then respectively in advance are fixed on another opposing sidewalls of test test specimen; On the top of the two relative side of testing test specimen two partitions are installed respectively again, the vertical side of partitions seals with test outer, top, test specimen side respectively, and the partitions two ends seal respectively and between the test box inwall;
4) then, in the cavity at the test box two ends of separating, add sulfate liquor, keep the interior sulfate liquor liquid level of test anode tap case to be not less than the upper surface of test test specimen by the test test specimen;
5) power supply of make pulse voltage generator is tested again; Pulse voltage is 5-30V, and frequency is 5-30 second, test duration 7-10 days (test duration reduces and prolongation relatively with concrete water-cement ratio);
6) measure test result: test after accomplishing is taken off the concrete test test specimen, and surface treatment is clean, takes by weighing the quality after the test, and surveys the compressive strength of test test specimen;
7) test result is passed judgment on: with step 2) quality is compared after the test that obtains in the initial mass that takes by weighing and the step 6), calculates the mass change of concrete test test specimen test front and back; And will test the compressive strength of test specimen and compare with the compressive strength of the reference piece in maintenance under the standard curing condition to the identical length of time, calculating under the pulse voltage effect, sulfate liquor is to the reduction value of strength of concrete specimen; Concrete test test specimen anti-sulphates corrosive ability size changes with the loss of strength value with quality of concrete to be passed judgment on.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:
(1) this method of testing places condition of sulfate with the concrete test test specimen, under the pulse voltage effect, with the response situation of concrete sample hydrated product, judges concrete anti-sulphates corrosive performance fast according to sulfate ion;
(2) this method of testing test intensity is little, and the cycle is short; Whole test process only needed to accomplish in 7-10 days, and test result is also more accurate, can reflect the situation that concrete is corroded in condition of sulfate really.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the proving installation structural representation (overlooking) that adopts cement concrete anti-sulphates corrosive method of testing of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the proving installation structural representation (main looking) that adopts cement concrete anti-sulphates corrosive method of testing of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is that institute adds pulse voltage waveform figure in the cement concrete anti-sulphates corrosive method of testing test of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the present invention is done further detailed description.
The method of testing of the cement concrete anti-sulphates corrosive that the present invention relates to; Be to utilize electric osmose pulse work principle; Promote sulfate ion to the cement concrete internal divergence; Promote the reaction with the cement concrete hydrated product, thereby reach the purpose of fast detecting cement concrete anti-sulphates corrosive ability.Concrete steps are following:
Step 1: prepare cement concrete test test specimen.It is the specimen of the special preparation of test that the cement concrete test test specimen that adopts in this test can be taked prior art, also directly the concrete after using sampling as testing test specimen.The method for preparing specimen: with concrete depositing in concrete mold, concrete mix vibratory compaction; After the demoulding, maintenance is to be measured to stipulating after the length of time on request.The concrete test test specimen that uses in this method of testing adopts cube specimen, is of a size of 100mm * 100mm * 100mm or 150mm * 150mm * 150mm and all can; If will test concrete rupture strength variation etc. in metabisulfite solution, sample dimensions can adopt 100mm * 100mm * 400mm or 150mm * 10mm * 500mm.
Step 2: it is clean that cement concrete is tested the test specimen removing surface, takes by weighing initial mass.
Step 3: fixing test test specimen.Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, with step 2) the test test specimen 3 after handling is fixed in the center of test box 5, and arbitrary opposing sidewalls of test test specimen 3 is fitted with the inwall of test box 5 respectively, and adopts paraffin or vaseline to seal; Another opposing sidewalls installing electrodes plate 4, two battery lead plates 4 respectively links to each other with anode with the negative electrode of impulse voltage generator 2 respectively; Test test specimen 3 tops isolate with partitions 7, seal between partitions, test specimen and test box inwall.
Wherein, the height of test box 5 highly slightly exceeds about 30mm than concrete test test specimen 3 like test box 5 slightly than concrete test test specimen 3 height, and purpose is to be beneficial to test operation, makes the metabisulfite solution liquid level be not less than test test specimen end face again.Test test specimen 3 is divided into the cavity of two isolation with test box 5, and is easy for installation for guaranteeing test specimen sealing, battery lead plate, and the bulk of test box two ends cavity is not less than the size of test specimen.Test box 5 can be made up of three test storehouses, also can have only a test storehouse, and the size in each test storehouse is confirmed according to the concrete sample size; Concrete sample places the centre in test storehouse, and the bulk of each end of test storehouse is not less than sample dimensions.Battery lead plate can be adopted galvanized sheet iron or stainless steel substrates etc., and the battery lead plate size should be slightly less than the test specimen face size, and battery lead plate can not damage the test specimen surface fixedly the time.
Step 4: in the test box cavity at concrete test test specimen 3 two ends, add metabisulfite solution 1, the concentration of metabisulfite solution is saturated getting final product.The metabisulfite solution liquid level is not less than test test specimen end face; The metabisulfite solution at concrete sample 3 two ends in the test box is because the effect of test specimen and baffle plate separates fully.
Step 5: the power supply of make pulse generator 2, test.The pulse voltage of pulse producer 2 is 5-30V, and frequency is 5-30 second (pulse waveform is referring to accompanying drawing 3), minimum seven days of whole test duration.When adopting low water binder ratio, the test duration can prolong accordingly.Need to prove that in whole test process, the sulfate liquor liquid level in the holding anode end test box is not less than test test specimen end face; In the process of energized, the sulfate ion in the anode tap metabisulfite solution can quicken diffusion in concrete sample, and reacts with hydrated product in the concrete sample, to reach the purpose of quick simulating nature corrosion concrete process; In the test process, the ion in the anode tap solution of test box can flow to the cathode terminal of test box, and the top of test box cathode terminal is provided with spillway, and the spillway position is not less than the test specimen height, and a gathering-device 6 is installed is collected the liquid that overflows.
Step 6: test result is passed judgment on.After test is accomplished, the concrete test test specimen is taken off, surperficial wiped clean takes by weighing the quality of test, and the compressive strength of test concrete test test specimen, and the method for testing of concrete crushing strength adopts prior art.
Calculate the mass change of concrete test front and back; And will test the compressive strength of test specimen and compare with the concrete reference piece intensity in maintenance under the standard curing condition to the identical length of time; Calculate under the pulse voltage effect; Sulfate liquor is to the reduction value of concrete strength, and concrete anti-sulphates corrosive ability size changes with the loss of strength value with quality of concrete to be passed judgment on.
In order to realize above-mentioned method of testing, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the proving installation that the present invention adopts is made up of test box 5 and impulse voltage generator 2, and the negative electrode of impulse voltage generator 2 is connected two battery lead plates 4 through lead respectively with anode.When test is prepared, concrete test test specimen 3 is fixed in test box 5 middle parts, wherein two relative sidewalls are fitted with the tank wall of test box 5 respectively and are sealed by filling agent, and test box 5 is divided into two cavitys that do not communicate; Again said battery lead plate 4 is individually fixed on other two walls of concrete test test specimen 3.The two ends, top of concrete test test specimen 3 are provided with and isolate plate washer 7, and the height of partitions 7 positions is suitable with the height of test box 5, and partitions 7 seals respectively with the tank wall of testing test specimen 3 and test box 5; After test preliminary work is accomplished, metabisulfite solution is joined in the cavity at test box 5 two ends, the power supply of make pulse generator, this moment, the sulfate ion of anode tap can quicken to be immersed in the concrete sample 3, and with concrete sample 3 in the hydrated product reaction; In the test process; Ionic liquid in the anode tap solution of test box flows to the cathode terminal of test box; The solution of cathode terminal increases gradually; The top of test box cathode terminal is provided with spillway, and the spillway position is not less than the height of test test specimen 3, and a fluid collection device 6 is installed is collected the solution that overflows; Test after 7-10 days, take out concrete test test specimen 3.
In the method for testing of the present invention, the concentration of the metabisulfite solution that is adopted, and the pulse voltage that applies and frequency all exert an influence to the time of test.When reach capacity concentration, pulse voltage 5-30V and frequency of sulfuric acid solution concentration is 5-30 during second, test after seven days, just can reach desirable test effect; Otherwise when if lower, pulse voltage of metabisulfite solution concentration and frequency are low, the test duration needs to prolong relatively, but also can reach desirable test effect.

Claims (6)

1.一种水泥混凝土抗硫酸盐腐蚀的测试方法,其特征在于,利用电渗脉冲技术原理,促进硫酸根离子向水泥混凝土内部的扩散,促进硫酸根离子与水泥混凝土水化产物反应,快速检测水泥混凝土抗硫酸盐腐蚀性能;混凝土抗硫酸盐腐蚀能力大小以混凝土的质量变化与强度损失值进行评判;1. A test method for cement concrete anti-sulfate corrosion, characterized in that, utilizes the principle of electroosmotic pulse technology to promote the diffusion of sulfate ions to the interior of cement concrete, promote the reaction of sulfate ions and cement concrete hydration products, and quickly detect The sulfate corrosion resistance of cement concrete; the sulfate corrosion resistance of concrete is judged by the quality change and strength loss value of concrete; 具体步骤包括:Specific steps include: 1)准备测试样品:取水泥混凝土作为测试试件,测试试件的形状为立方体;1) prepare test sample: get cement concrete as test specimen, and the shape of test specimen is cube; 2)将步骤1)准备的测试试件表面清理干净,称取测试试件的初始质量;2) the surface of the test specimen prepared in step 1) is cleaned up, and the initial mass of the test specimen is taken; 3)将步骤2)处理后的测试试件置于宽度与测试试件的边长相当的测试箱中部,使测试试件两端的测试箱空间隔断,测试试件的一相对侧壁与测试箱内壁贴合并由密封剂密封;然后将分别预接了脉冲电压发生器的两个电极板固定在测试试件的另一相对侧壁上;再在测试试件的两相对侧壁的顶端分别安装两块隔离挡板,隔离挡板竖向侧面分别与测试试件侧壁顶端外沿密封,隔离挡板两端分别和测试箱内壁之间密封;3) the test specimen after step 2) is placed in the middle part of the test box whose width is equivalent to the side length of the test specimen, so that the test box space at the two ends of the test specimen is separated, and a relative side wall of the test specimen is separated from the test box. The inner wall is bonded and sealed with a sealant; then the two electrode plates pre-connected with the pulse voltage generator are fixed on the other opposite side wall of the test specimen; and then respectively installed on the top of the two opposite side walls of the test specimen Two isolation baffles, the vertical sides of the isolation baffle are respectively sealed with the top outer edge of the side wall of the test specimen, and the two ends of the isolation baffle are respectively sealed with the inner wall of the test box; 4)然后,在由测试试件分隔的测试箱两端的空腔中加入硫酸盐溶液,保持测试阳极端箱内的硫酸盐溶液液面高度不低于测试试件的上端面;4) then, add sulfate solution in the cavity at the two ends of the test box separated by the test specimen, keep the sulfate solution liquid level height in the test anode end box not lower than the upper surface of the test specimen; 5)再接通脉冲电压发生器的电源进行测试;脉冲电压为5-30V,频率为5-30秒,测试时间7-10天;5) Then turn on the power of the pulse voltage generator for testing; the pulse voltage is 5-30V, the frequency is 5-30 seconds, and the test time is 7-10 days; 6)测量测试结果:测试完成后,将混凝土测试试件取下,表面处理干净,称取测试后的质量,并测试测试试件的抗压强度;6) Measuring the test result: after the test is completed, the concrete test specimen is removed, the surface is cleaned, the mass after the test is weighed, and the compressive strength of the test specimen is tested; 7)测试结果评判:将步骤2)称取的初始质量与步骤6)中得到的测试后质量相比较,计算混凝土测试前后的质量变化;并将测试试件的抗压强度与在标准养护条件下养护至相同龄期的参考试件的抗压强度相比较,计算脉冲电压作用下,硫酸盐溶液对混凝土试件强度的降低值;混凝土抗硫酸盐腐蚀能力大小以混凝土的质量变化与强度损失值进行评判。7) Test result judgment: the initial mass taken by step 2) is compared with the mass after the test obtained in step 6), and the mass change before and after the concrete test is calculated; Comparing the compressive strength of the reference specimens cured to the same age, calculate the reduction value of the strength of the concrete specimens under the action of the sulfate solution under the action of the pulse voltage; value is judged. 2.根据权利要求1所述的水泥混凝土抗硫酸盐腐蚀的测试方法,其特征在于,所述步骤1)中的测试试件的尺寸为100mm×100mm×100mm或150mm×150mm×150mm。2. the test method of cement concrete sulfate corrosion resistance according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the size of the test specimen in described step 1) is 100mm * 100mm * 100mm or 150mm * 150mm * 150mm. 3.根据权利要求1所述的水泥混凝土抗硫酸盐腐蚀的测试方法,其特征在于,所述步骤3)中的电极板形状为正方形,尺寸略小于测试试件侧面的尺寸,电极板为镀锌铁片或不锈钢片。3. the test method of cement concrete sulfate corrosion resistance according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step 3) in the electrode plate shape is square, and size is slightly smaller than the size of test piece side, and electrode plate is galvanized iron sheet or stainless steel sheet. 4.根据权利要求1所述的水泥混凝土抗硫酸盐腐蚀的测试方法,其特征在于,所述硫酸盐溶液为硫酸钠溶液,硫酸盐浓度为饱和溶液。4. the test method of cement concrete sulfate corrosion resistance according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described sulfate solution is sodium sulfate solution, and sulfate concentration is saturated solution. 5.实现权利要求1所述测试方法的水泥混凝土抗硫酸盐腐蚀测试装置,其特征在于,主要包括测试箱(5)和脉冲电压发生器(2),脉冲电压发生器(2)的阴极和阳极分别通过导线连接两电极板(4);测试箱(5)为矩形容器,长、宽、高之比为3∶1∶1.3;5. realize the cement concrete sulphate corrosion resistance testing device of test method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, mainly comprise test case (5) and pulse voltage generator (2), the negative electrode of pulse voltage generator (2) and The anodes are respectively connected to the two electrode plates (4) through wires; the test box (5) is a rectangular container, and the ratio of length, width and height is 3:1:1.3; 还包括两块阻隔档板(7),隔离挡板(7)用于将测试试件(3)的上端面隔离。It also includes two barrier baffles (7), and the isolation baffles (7) are used to isolate the upper end surface of the test specimen (3). 6.根据权利要求5所述的水泥混凝土抗硫酸盐腐蚀测试装置,其特征在于,在测试箱阴极端的上部设有溢出口,溢出口位置不低于测试试件的高度,并与液体收集装置(6)连通。6. cement concrete sulfate corrosion resistance testing device according to claim 5, is characterized in that, is provided with overflow outlet at the top of test box cathode end, overflow outlet position is not lower than the height of test specimen, and collects with liquid Device (6) communicates.
CN2008102333210A 2008-12-11 2008-12-11 A test method and test device for cement concrete resistance to sulfate corrosion Expired - Fee Related CN101435816B (en)

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