CN101435689A - Method and instrument for measuring underground displacement of integrated sensor based on underground displacement - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and an apparatus for measuring underground displacement based on an underground displacement measuring integrated sensor. The underground displacement measuring apparatus comprises 1 to m underground displacement measuring integrated sensor units which have identical structures and are connected in series in turn from the top down through a 485 bus, wherein the mth underground displacement measuring integrated sensor unit is connected with an underground displacement measuring centralized processor A through a 485 bus; and an entire measuring cluster consisting of integrated sensors is packaged inside a heat shrinkable rubber-plastic hose. The underground displacement measuring apparatus integrates a mutual-induction coil, a deviation-measuring integrated circuit, a communication bus, a sinusoidal signal generating circuit and a sinusoidal signal measuring circuit, etc. into a measuring integrated unit, and keeps a plurality of measuring integrated units in a certain distance to form the underground displacement measuring cluster; then, the underground displacement measuring centralized processor carries out centralized processing of the displacement of each underground position; therefore, the underground displacement measuring apparatus is formed to measure deformation from the ground to a deep position.

Description

Underground displacement measurement method and instrument based on integrated sensor for underground displacement measurement

technical field

The invention relates to a displacement measurement device, in particular to an underground displacement measurement method and an instrument based on an integrated sensor for underground displacement measurement.

Background technique

Landslides, collapses, mudslides, landslides, ground subsidence and other geological disasters that endanger people's lives and property safety will cause deep underground displacement before and during the occurrence, and underground displacement will also occur during construction and water conservancy construction due to activities such as excavation and piling. The phenomenon of deep displacement, the former underground displacement is a sign before the disaster, and the latter will be an important performance of the environment and quality of construction and water conservancy construction. Therefore, monitoring the deep underground displacement is a necessary means to prevent disasters and ensure the quality of buildings and water conservancy projects.

The current monitoring of deep underground displacement is to use the inclinometer method to measure the underground displacement. When the underground displacement occurs, the inclinometer pipe is deformed, and the measuring probe of the inclinometer produces an inclination angle. The inclination angle of the measuring probe can be displayed on the ground. Read it on the meter head, and get the underground displacement value after conversion. This kind of inclinometer must be manually operated by placing the measuring probe from top to bottom in the inclinometer tube to measure the inclination angle of the inclinometer tube. It cannot be monitored automatically in real time, and the measurement accuracy is related to the operator's technology. . Also, when the inclinometer pipe buried in the deep part of the soil undergoes S-shaped deformation, or when a large curvature bend occurs, the measuring probe cannot be lowered to complete the measurement. In addition, the inclinometer tube is a tube made of aluminum or engineering plastics, which has good anti-destructive strength. When the underground soil is soft, the actual displacement of the underground soil is greater than the displacement value corresponding to the inclination angle of the inclinometer tube. This cannot accurately reflect the actual situation underground.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide an underground displacement measuring instrument based on an integrated sensor for underground displacement measurement, propose the composition of an integrated sensor unit for underground displacement measurement, form the underground displacement measuring instrument, and establish underground displacement measurement.

The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

One, a kind of underground displacement measurement method based on underground displacement measurement integrated sensor:

The present invention is composed of underground displacement measurement integrated sensor units connected in series with an underground displacement measurement centralized processing device. During measurement, two adjacent underground displacement measurement integrations are measured one by one from top to bottom or from bottom to top. The relative change of the sensor unit, so as to measure the deformation of the whole from the ground to the deep underground.

2. An underground displacement measuring instrument based on an integrated sensor for underground displacement measurement:

The present invention is composed of 1-m integrated sensor units for underground displacement measurement with the same structure connected in series through the 485 bus from bottom to top, wherein the mth integrated sensor unit for underground displacement measurement and centralized processing device A for underground displacement measurement pass through 485 bus connection, the entire measurement string composed of integrated sensors is packaged in a heat-shrinkable soft rubber and plastic tube;

The underground displacement measurement integrated sensor unit: includes mutual induction coil, MCU, inclinometer integrated circuit, 485 bus drive circuit, A/D conversion circuit, sinusoidal voltage measurement circuit and sinusoidal voltage generation circuit; MCU is connected with inclinometer integrated circuit, 485 The bus drive circuit and the sinusoidal voltage generation circuit are connected, and according to the instructions from the underground displacement measurement centralized processing device from the 485 bus, one end of the MCU controls the coil through the electronic analog switch to connect with the sinusoidal voltage measurement circuit and also with the sinusoidal voltage generation circuit , the sinusoidal voltage measurement circuit is also connected to the MCU through the A/D conversion circuit;

The centralized processing device for underground displacement measurement: includes another MCU, another 485 bus drive circuit and a communication module; the other MCU is respectively connected with another 485 bus drive circuit and the communication module, and transmits data to 1-m underground stations through the 485 bus. The integrated sensor for displacement measurement issues control commands, and sends information about underground displacement to distant places through the communication module.

The beneficial effects that the present invention has are:

The present invention integrates the mutual inductance coil, the inclinometer integrated circuit, the communication bus, the sinusoidal signal generating circuit, the sinusoidal signal measuring circuit, etc. into a measurement integration unit, and separates a plurality of measurement integration units at a certain distance to form an underground displacement measurement string. The underground displacement measurement centralized processing device centrally processes the displacements of various positions underground, thereby forming an underground displacement measurement instrument and establishing a new underground displacement measurement method.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the composition of the underground displacement measurement instrument. In the figure, 1-m represent the integrated sensor for underground displacement measurement; A represents the centralized processing device for underground displacement measurement.

Figure 2 is a diagram of the composition of the integrated sensor unit for underground displacement measurement.

Figure 3 is a diagram of the composition of the centralized processing device for underground displacement measurement.

Fig. 4 is a descriptive diagram of displacement and inclination deformation of two integrated sensor units for underground displacement measurement.

Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional relationship model diagram of the induced sinusoidal voltage of the mutual induction coil and the relative displacement and included angle of the coil.

Figure 6 is one of the flowcharts.

Figure 7 is the second flow chart.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is sequentially composed of 1-m integrated sensor units for underground displacement measurement with the same structure connected in series through the 485 bus from bottom to top, wherein the mth integrated sensor unit for underground displacement measurement is connected with the underground displacement The measurement centralized processing device A is connected through the 485 bus, and the entire measurement series composed of integrated sensors is packaged in a heat-shrinkable soft rubber and plastic tube;

The underground displacement measurement integrated sensor unit: includes mutual induction coil, MCU, inclinometer integrated circuit, 485 bus drive circuit, A/D conversion circuit, sinusoidal voltage measurement circuit and sinusoidal voltage generation circuit; MCU can choose various models, MCU respectively Connect with the inclinometer integrated circuit MMA6260Q or other types of inclinometer integrated circuits, 485 bus drive circuit, sinusoidal voltage generation circuit AD9834 or other types of DDS signal generation circuit, according to the instructions from the underground displacement measurement centralized processing device from the 485 bus, One end of the coil controlled by the MCU through the electronic analog switch is connected to the sinusoidal voltage measurement circuit, and also connected to the sinusoidal voltage generation circuit. The sinusoidal voltage measurement circuit AD598 or other integrated sinusoidal voltage measurement circuits are also connected to the MCU through the A/D conversion circuit. ;

The centralized processing device for underground displacement measurement: includes another MCU, another 485 bus drive circuit and a communication module; the other MCU is respectively connected with another 485 bus drive circuit and the communication module, and transmits data to 1-m underground stations through the 485 bus. The integrated sensor for displacement measurement issues control commands, and sends information about underground displacement to distant places through the communication module.

1. Integrated sensor unit for underground displacement measurement:

The composition of the integrated sensor unit for underground displacement measurement is shown in Figure 2. In the dotted line box in the figure is the circuit part of the integrated sensor unit for underground displacement measurement. These circuits will use micro-miniature patch components and be installed on a printed circuit board with a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the inner frame of the coil. Inside the coil, together with the coil, it constitutes an integrated sensor unit for underground displacement measurement. The MCU (microcontroller, also called single-chip microcomputer) in the circuit in Fig. 2 receives the control command sent by the underground displacement measurement centralized processing device through the 485 bus, and determines whether the sinusoidal voltage generating circuit of the local underground displacement measurement integrated sensor unit is working. Whether the switch connects the coil to the output end of the sinusoidal voltage generating circuit, or connects the coil to the input end of the sinusoidal voltage measuring circuit; When the input terminal of the sinusoidal voltage measurement circuit is connected, the single chip microcomputer (MCU) makes the sinusoidal voltage generation circuit dormant through the control line, and the electronic analog switch is not connected with the sinusoidal voltage generation circuit and the sinusoidal voltage measurement circuit. The software flow diagram of the integrated sensor unit for underground displacement measurement is shown in Figure 6, Flowchart 1.

2. Composition of underground displacement measuring instruments:

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the composition of the underground displacement measuring instrument proposed by the present invention, in which the circuit block diagram of the centralized processing device for underground displacement measurement is shown in Fig. 3 . According to the measurement method, the MCU in Figure 3 sends information to each integrated sensor unit for underground displacement measurement through the 485 bus whether to let the sinusoidal voltage generating circuit work and turn on the coil, whether to let the electronic analog switch turn on the sinusoidal voltage measurement circuit to perform induction on the coil Control commands such as sinusoidal voltage measurement and reading the inclination angle of the underground displacement measurement integrated sensor unit; the MCU obtains the induced voltage and inclination angle measured by each underground displacement measurement integrated sensor unit according to the measurement method Relative displacement and inclination; at the same time, the MCU communicates with the remote or local comprehensive measurement collection system through the communication module. These connections include: sending the measured induced voltage, inclination angle or relative displacement and inclination calculated according to the measurement method , to receive instructions for measurement control and signal processing. It must be emphasized that the communication module has the following types: ① GSM/GPRS communication module (GSM = Global System of Mobile communication, Chinese translation is: Global System for Mobile Communications; GPRS = General Packet Radio Service, Chinese translation is: General Wireless Packet Service, is a based on The wireless packet switching technology of the GSM system provides end-to-end, wide-area wireless IP connection); ② Various wireless communication modules using radio management open frequency bands (or frequencies); ③ Wireless communication modules based on Bluetooth technology (Bluetooth technology uses Frequency Hopping and Time Divesion Muli-access technology, Bluetooth standard is IEEE802.15, working in the 2.4GHz frequency band, with a bandwidth of 1Mb/s, it is a radio technology that supports short-distance communication between devices). The software flow diagram of the centralized processing device for underground displacement measurement is shown in flow chart 2 in Figure 7.

3. Underground displacement measurement method

The underground measuring instrument described in Figure 1 is composed of integrated sensor units for underground displacement measurement (integrated sensor units for short) and centralized processing devices for underground displacement measurement. The relative change of the two subsurface displacement measurement integrated sensor units, thus measuring the deformation from the surface to the deep underground. The two integrated sensor units for underground displacement measurement shown in Figure 4 are firstly issued a control command by the centralized processing device during measurement, so that the sinusoidal voltage generating circuit of the nth unit is started to work and the coil is connected by the electronic analog switch. The coil terminal presents a voltage u _n (it must be noted that only one sinusoidal voltage generating circuit of the integrated sensor unit is activated each time), at this time, the coil of the nth unit emits a sinusoidally changing magnetic field that appears on the coil of the n+1 unit The voltage u _n+1 is induced; immediately, the centralized processing device sends out a control command, so that the sinusoidal voltage measurement circuit of the n+1th unit is connected to the coil by the electronic analog switch, and the voltage u _n+1 is measured. In the process of measurement, only two integrated sensor units are woken up each time, and the sinusoidal voltage generating circuit of the nth unit is always activated to work, and a sinusoidal magnetic field is emitted through the coil of the nth unit; while the n+th unit The sinusoidal voltage measurement circuit of unit 1 connects the coil of unit n+1 through an electronic analog switch, so as to measure the induced voltage u _n+1 . It can be seen from the theory of electromagnetism that when the sinusoidal voltage u _n issued by the sinusoidal voltage generating circuit of the nth unit is a stable value, the magnitude of the effective value U _n+1 of the induced voltage u _n+1 is related to the coil of the nth unit and the n+th unit It is related to the mutual inductance coefficient between the coils of unit 1; assuming that there are m integrated sensor units, the initial state is that the axes from the coil of the first unit to the coil of the m-th unit are on a straight line, and the axial direction between each unit The spacing is the same (see Figure 4(a)); when there is a relative translation d between the coil of the nth unit and the coil of the n+1th unit, or the axis of the coil of the nth unit and the coil of the n+1th unit forms an angle θ (see Figure 4(b)), at this time the mutual inductance coefficient between the coils of the two units changes, and the magnitude of the induced voltage u _n+1 changes accordingly. Obviously, the magnitude of the effective value U _n+1 of the induced voltage u _n+1 is related to the magnitude of the relative translation d and the size of the included angle θ. Through experiments and theoretical analysis, it is obtained that the effective value of the induced voltage u _n+1 shown in Figure 5 The relationship model curve between the value U _n+1 and the relative translation (displacement) d and the included angle θ. It can be seen from Figure 2 that an inclinometer integrated circuit is designed and arranged in the integrated sensor unit for underground displacement measurement. This circuit can measure the inclination angle between the integrated sensor unit for underground displacement measurement and the vertical line of gravity, and thus the nth unit coil and The angle between the coils of the n+1th unit. After the underground displacement measurement integrated sensor unit measures the effective value U n _{+1 of the induced voltage u n +1} and the included angle θ, according to the relationship model curve in Figure 5, it can be obtained that the distance between the nth unit coil and the n+1th unit coil is The relative displacement d.

Claims (2)

1. An underground displacement measurement method based on underground displacement measurement integrated sensors, characterized in that: it is composed of underground displacement measurement integrated sensor units connected in series with an underground displacement measurement centralized processing device, and is measured from top to bottom Measure the relative change of two adjacent underground displacement measurement integrated sensor units one by one from bottom to top, so as to measure the entire deformation from the ground to the deep underground. 2. An instrument for implementing the underground displacement measurement method based on the integrated sensor for underground displacement measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: from bottom to top, 1 to m integrated sensor units representing underground displacement measurement with the same structure pass through 485 bus connected in series. Among them, the mth integrated sensor unit for underground displacement measurement is connected to the centralized processing device A for underground displacement measurement through the 485 bus, and the entire measurement string composed of integrated sensors is packaged in a heat-shrinkable soft rubber and plastic tube; The underground displacement measurement integrated sensor unit: includes mutual induction coil, MCU, inclinometer integrated circuit, 485 bus drive circuit, A/D conversion circuit, sinusoidal voltage measurement circuit and sinusoidal voltage generation circuit; MCU is connected with inclinometer integrated circuit, 485 The bus drive circuit and the sinusoidal voltage generation circuit are connected, and according to the instructions from the underground displacement measurement centralized processing device from the 485 bus, one end of the MCU controls the coil through the electronic analog switch to connect with the sinusoidal voltage measurement circuit and also with the sinusoidal voltage generation circuit , the sinusoidal voltage measurement circuit is also connected to the MCU through the A/D conversion circuit; The centralized processing device for underground displacement measurement: includes another MCU, another 485 bus drive circuit and a communication module; the other MCU is respectively connected with another 485 bus drive circuit and the communication module, and transmits data to 1-m underground stations through the 485 bus. The integrated sensor for displacement measurement issues control commands, and sends information about underground displacement to distant places through the communication module.

Images