CN101428401B - Separation method apparatus for pill-sand mixture after cast surface treatment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a separating method and the device thereof used for shot and sand mixture after surface treatment of castings, the method is mainly characterized in that large metallic impurities are primarily separated through a screw conveyor, then steel shot and small metallic impurities are absorbed on a separating plate with electromagnet, sand and dust are blown off by a blower machine, and the mixture is eventually separated into the integrated steel shot, the crushing steel shot and small metallic impurities through a vibrating motor and a spring strainer. The separating device adopts the combined use between the braking motor and the non-contact type proximity switch, the combination of the vibrating motor and the spring strainer and the combination of the air blower and the electromagnet are adopted, so that the separation of the steel shot, the dust, the adhering sand and the metallic impurities is complete. The invention has the advantages that the structure is simple, the installation is convenient, the recycling quality and the recycling efficiency of the steel shot can be obviously enhanced, the cost is reduced, not only the method is favorable for enhancing the precision and the efficiency of the surface treatment of the castings, but also the raising dust can be restrained so as to protect the environment.

Description

Separation method and device for shot-sand mixture after casting surface treatment

technical field

The invention relates to a separation method and device for the mixture of shot and sand after surface treatment of castings, specifically a method and device for separating shot and sand mixture after surface treatment of castings by using electromagnets, blowers and spring screens according to the different components of the mixture. Methods and apparatus for performing the separation.

Background technique

Casting surface treatment is an indispensable process in casting production. It can not only achieve the functions of removing rust and sticky sand, but also can achieve the purpose of strengthening treatment. At present, in the actual production at home and abroad, more than 90% of the castings will be cleaned by shot blasting or shot blasting, which can not only save the processing time of the surface to be processed, but also protect the machine tool and cutting tools from damage.

The casting surface shot blasting treatment process is to use high-speed shot blasting to the casting surface to effectively peel off the sand, dust, metal waste and other components on the casting surface to achieve the purpose of surface treatment. After shot blasting, a mixture of dust, sticky sand, steel shot, metal shavings and other components will be produced. If the shot-sand mixture is not effectively separated and the impurities and projectiles are mixed together, the flow ability of the projectile will be greatly reduced and the elastic supply will be insufficient; at the same time, sand, dust and other impurities thrown from the shot blaster will also block the projectile. The projectile speed seriously affects the efficiency of cleaning work. And it will also reduce the life of wearing parts and increase the dust concentration in the surrounding environment. Therefore, after shot blasting surface treatment of castings, it is of great significance to effectively separate the mixture of shot blasting and sand, so that not only the steel shot can be reused, the cost of use can be reduced, the accuracy and efficiency of casting surface treatment can be improved, and dust can be suppressed. protect environment.

At present, the pellet-sand mixture separator used in actual production is mainly divided into two types: wind separation separator and magnetic wind separation separator. The pure magnetic separation separator is not widely used in the cleaning process of ferrous metal castings, because it is not ideal for distinguishing metal inclusions such as flashes, burrs, iron beans and iron shots to be reused. The wind separation separator is suitable for the low sand content in the shot sand circulation system, and the incomplete separation of the metal impurities contained in the mixture is a major defect of wind separation. However, air separation separators are easy to manufacture and low in cost, and are widely used in general equipment. The main structure of the traditional magnetic air separation separator is to use two-stage magnetic separation drums to screen out broken steel shots and complete steel shots and at the same time use air separation to separate them. Although it can achieve a certain separation effect, it does not consider the separation of metal impurities, and finally relies on winnowing to separate the complete steel shot and broken steel shot, which may cause metal impurities to be mixed in the complete steel shot, reducing the quality of separation. The air separation separator and the traditional magnetic air separation separator do not fully consider the actual composition of the shot-sand mixture, so the separation is not thorough enough and the efficiency is not high.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for more comprehensive and targeted separation of shot-sand mixture after surface treatment of castings, fully considering the separation of metal impurities, and whether it is shot blasting or shot blasting. Finally, the separation effect of the mixture of shot and sand is better than that of the existing separation device. The invention has high separation accuracy and efficiency for the mixture of shot and sand, can significantly reduce the cost of use, improve the precision and efficiency of casting surface treatment, and can suppress dust. protect environment.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A method for separating shot and sand mixture after casting surface treatment, characterized in that the separation method includes the following separation process: After the casting surface treatment, the shot and sand mixture enters a screw conveyor (1), and large metal impurities are transported by the screw conveyor The inner rotating blades are conveyed to the outlet (18) for removal, while the steel shot, sand and small metal impurities are conveyed by the outer rotating blades (23) of the screw conveyor to the separator inlet (2) and thus enter the triangular groove (4) In the middle; the geared motor (6) rotates with the triangular groove (4), and when the proximity switch (17) senses the metal strip (16) on the triangular groove, a signal is sent to stop the motor, and the decelerating motor ( 6) Continue to rotate until the proximity switch (17) meets the metal strip (16) of the next triangular groove and then stop, and so on until the separation ends; when the geared motor (6) stops, the triangular groove (4) will be filled with the mixture One of the tanks is poured out, the electromagnet is energized, and when the mixture passes through the separation plate (8), the steel shot and small metal impurities are adsorbed on the separation plate (8), and the blower (5) removes sand and dust from the steel shot and small metal impurities. separated from the metal impurities; the electromagnet is powered off, and the steel shots and small metal impurities adsorbed on the separation plate (8) are intercepted by the push rod (15) and enter the screen with springs (10) when they fall; vibration The motor (14) and the spring screen (10) finally separate the mixture into two parts, one part is the complete steel shot discharged from the outlet (11) of the complete steel shot, and the other part is the broken steel shot and small metal impurities falling into the in the drawer (13).

A separation device for shot and sand mixture after surface treatment of castings, consisting of a vacuum cleaner (3), a triangular groove (4), a blower (5), a geared motor (6), a windshield (7), and a separation plate (8) , the slot (9) of the discharge magnet, the spring screen (10), the vibration motor (14), the push rod (15) and the box body (24) of the separator, it is characterized in that: the blower (5) is installed on the separator The two sides outside the casing (24), the vacuum cleaner (3) is installed on the end cover of the casing (24) of the separator, every 120 degrees is a groove on the triangular groove (4), and on each groove A metal bar is installed, and the reduction motor (6) is connected with the triangular groove (4); two separation plates (8) are installed on the inner side of the box body (24) of the separator, on the same side as the blower (5) respectively, and connected with the separator The side of the casing (24) forms an included angle of 45 degrees, and an included angle of 90 degrees is formed between the two separating plates, which are distributed up and down; Below, the electromagnet is placed in the groove of the electromagnet; the push rod (15) is installed under the lower separation plate (8), and is on the same side as the upper separation plate (8), and the spring screen (10) is installed on the push rod (15) below the head, the vibration motor (14) is vertically installed in the inside of the spring screen cloth (10).

The above-mentioned roller inside the screw conveyor can achieve the purpose of preliminary screening of the mixture. The large metal impurities are transported to the outlet by the rotating blades in the screw conveyor because they fail to pass through the holes of the roller, and the steel shot, sand and small metal impurities that pass through Impurities are transported to the entrance of the separation device by the outer rotating blades of the screw conveyor.

The above-mentioned rotation of the triangular groove is realized through the cooperation of the reduction motor and the proximity switch. Triangular slots have a metal strip at the top of each slot. When the motor is working, when the proximity switch senses the metal strip of the triangular groove turned over, the motor stops rotating, and the motor rotates when the preset time is reached. When the metal strip is sensed again, the motor stops again, realizing intermittent rotation, so that the separation of the mixture is continuous. conduct. Therefore, the triangular tank has two functions. One is to store the mixture conveyed by the screw conveyor to provide a time guarantee for the separation of the previous tank; the other is to rotate a tank filled with the mixture to provide a material source for the next separation.

The above-mentioned hair dryer is equipped with a windshield at the tuyere, and the installation angle of the windshield and the separation plate is consistent, so that sand and dust are not easy to stick to the separation plate, ensuring the cleanliness of the separation plate.

The above-mentioned electromagnet is fixed in the groove of placing the electromagnet. The electrification of the electromagnet can make the steel shot and small metal impurities adsorb on the separating plate, and the blown wind can separate the sand from the steel shot and small metal impurities. The electromagnet is powered off, and the steel shot and small metal impurities are intercepted by the head of the push rod and enter the vibrating screen.

The spring screen mentioned above is driven by a vibrating motor to vibrate, and the installation of the vibrating motor should keep a certain distance from the box to avoid resonance. The mesh diameter of the spring screen can be determined according to the size of the steel shot, and spring screens with different diameters can also be installed according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of separating steel shots with different diameters. The steel shot and small metal impurities are divided into broken steel shot, complete steel shot and small metal impurities when passing through the vibrating screen, and the complete steel shot is recycled, and the broken steel shot and small metal impurities fall from the screen hole together. Designate a recycling point.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following obvious outstanding substantive features: the separation of mixture components in the present invention is highly targeted, and can effectively separate metal impurities in the mixture, so the separation is more thorough. The blower and the electromagnet separation plate can make the mixture more evenly distributed on the separation plate. The triangular groove provided by the present invention can realize the intermittent drop of the mixture, which can provide time for the separation of the previous groove, and can also make the separation work continue. . The vibrating screen can intensify the vibration of steel shots and small metal impurities, meeting the screening requirements. The invention has compact and reasonable structure, safe and reliable use, can significantly improve the separation quality and protect the environment.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a working diagram of the triangular groove of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a working diagram of the push rod of the present invention.

The numbers in Figures 2, 3, and 4 are represented as follows:

1. Screw conveyor inlet 2. Separator inlet 3. Vacuum cleaner 4. Triangular groove 5. Hair dryer 6. Geared motor 7. Windshield 8. Separation plate 9. Groove for electromagnet 10. Spring screen 11. Complete steel Pill outlet 12. Sand outlet after separation 13. Drawer 14. Vibration motor 15. Push rod 16. Metal strip on triangular slot 17. Proximity switch 18. Screw conveyor outlet 19. Left electromagnet 20. Right electromagnet 21. Spring 22. Roller of screw conveyor 23. Outer rotating blade of screw conveyor 24. Box of separator

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the present invention are described as follows in conjunction with accompanying drawings:

The structural drawings of a preferred embodiment of the present invention are described in detail as follows: as shown in the principle schematic diagram of Figure 1, after the mixture enters the screw conveyor, the large metal impurities are screened out by the screw conveyor drum, while the steel shot, sand and small metal Impurities are sent to the triangular tank. The periodic rotation of the triangular tank pours the filled mixture onto the separating plate. While the electromagnet is energized, the steel shot and small metal impurities are adsorbed, and the blower separates the sand and dust mixed in the steel shot and small metal impurities. Steel shots and small metal impurities are intercepted by the push rod and enter the vibrating screen with springs when the electromagnet is powered off. The work of the vibrating screen separates it into complete steel shots, broken steel shots and small metal impurities, and finally achieves the purpose of separation.

Concrete embodiment is as Fig. 2,3,4, and mixture enters by the entrance of screw conveyor (1), and big metal impurity is conveyed to by rotating blade in the screw conveyor because of failing to pass through the cylinder (22) of screw conveyor. The outlet (18) of the screw conveyor is removed, and the passing steel shot, sand and small metal impurities are sent into the separator inlet (2) by the outer rotating blade (23) of the screw conveyor and then fall into the triangular groove. When the preset time is reached, the reduction motor (6) rotates with the triangular groove (4), pours a groove full of mixture on the windshield (7), and when the proximity switch (17) senses the metal on the triangular groove ( 16) at the time, the reduction motor (6) stops rotating, and the triangular groove stops at the original position and the mixture that turns over is in the next falling groove. The blower (5) sends wind into the mixture through the windshield (7) of uneven length, and the diffused dust is sucked away by the vacuum cleaner (3), while the steel shot and small magnetic impurities fall on the separation plate (8) , the electromagnet at the place where the electromagnet is placed (9) is energized, and at the same time, the push rod (15) is pushed to the bottom of the separation plate (8) under the action of the right electromagnet (20) and the spring (21) to ensure that the steel shot is While being completely adsorbed on the separating plate (8), the sand falling along the separating plate (8) can not touch the head of the pushing rod (15). The separated sand finally flows out through the outlet (12) of the separated sand.

After the previous action is finished, the electromagnet at the place where the electromagnet is placed (9) is de-energized, and the push rod (15) returns to the separation plate (8) under the de-energization of the left electromagnet (19) and the effect of the spring (21) ), so that the head of the push rod can effectively intercept the steel shot and small magnetic impurities that roll down due to the power failure of the electromagnet, and they enter the vibrating motor ( 14) in the spring screen (10). Here, broken steel shots and small metal impurities fall into the drawer (13) after being screened, and are recovered after separation. The complete steel shot then flows out through the outlet (11) of the complete steel shot, enters in the projectile storage room through the elevator and waits for circulation in use.

When the above actions are all over, the tank just filled with the mixture starts to rotate under the drive of the geared motor, and the fallen mixture starts to separate through the above process, and the cycle continues until the separation task is completed.

Claims (2)

1. A separation method for the mixture of shot and sand after the surface treatment of castings, characterized in that the separation method comprises the following separation process: after the surface treatment of castings, the mixture of shot and sand enters the screw conveyor (1), and the large metal impurities are transported by the screw conveyor. The inner rotating blades of the conveyor are conveyed to the outlet (18) for removal, while steel shot, sand and small metal impurities are conveyed to the separator inlet (2) by the outer rotating blades (23) of the screw conveyor and thus enter the triangular groove ( 4) In the middle: the geared motor (6) rotates with the triangular slot (4), when the proximity switch (17) senses the metal strip (16) on the triangular slot, it sends a signal to stop the motor, and decelerates after reaching the preset time The motor (6) continues to rotate, and stops when the proximity switch (17) encounters the metal bar (16) of the next triangular groove, and so circulates until the separation ends; A tank full of mixture is poured out, the electromagnet is energized, and when the mixture passes through the separation plate (8), the steel shot and small metal impurities are adsorbed on the separation plate (8), and the blower (5) removes sand and dust from the steel shot When the electromagnet is powered off, the steel shot and small metal impurities adsorbed on the separation plate (8) are intercepted by the push rod (15) and enter the spring screen (10) when they fall The vibration motor (14) and the spring screen (10) finally separate the mixture into two parts, and a part is discharged from the outlet (11) of the complete steel shot for the complete steel shot, while the other part is the broken steel shot and small metal impurities. into the drawer (13). 2. a kind of device that is used for the separation method of shot-sand mixture after casting surface treatment described in claim 1, consists of vacuum cleaner (3), triangular groove (4), blower (5), reduction motor (6), The windshield (7), the separation plate (8), the groove (9) of the discharge magnet, the spring screen (10), the vibrating motor (14), the push rod (15) and the casing (24) of the separator are composed, It is characterized in that: the blower (5) is installed on both sides outside the box body (24) of the separator, the vacuum cleaner (3) is installed on the end cover of the box body (24) of the separator, and every other 120 degrees is a groove, and a metal strip is installed on each groove, and the reduction motor (6) is connected with the triangular groove (4); two separation plates (8) are installed inside the box body (24) of the separator, respectively On the same side as the blower (5), and form an included angle of 45 degrees with the side of the casing (24) of the separator, and form an included angle of 90 degrees between the two separation plates, which are distributed up and down; the slot for placing the electromagnet ( 9) Installed under the two separation plates (8), the electromagnet is placed in the groove of the electromagnet; the push rod (15) is installed under the lower separation plate (8), and is the same as the upper separation plate (8). Side, the spring screen (10) is installed below the head of the push rod (15), and the vibrating motor (14) is vertically installed in the spring screen (10).

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