CN101428368A - Control method for short-circuiting transfer soldering system - Google Patents
Control method for short-circuiting transfer soldering system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种新型短路过渡焊接系统及其控制方法，属于焊接方法设备及自动化领域。本发明结合先进的数字化控制技术，采用数字化芯片DSP控制手段，完成交流短路过渡焊接过程的控制。在焊接过程中的短路阶段进行EP到EN的极性转换，在燃弧阶段进行EN到EP的极性切换，实现每个焊接周期都进行能量控制的目的，提高能量控制的连续性。本发明焊接过程中的能量调节在每个焊接周期都进行，解决了焊接过程中能量波动大的缺点；焊接过程中燃弧后期电弧处于EP极性阶段，有利于熔滴的整形，减小电弧的排斥力，使熔滴过渡更加顺畅。同时增加了高压稳弧部分，使焊接过程中电极极性转变时刻不仅能在短路阶段实现，也能在燃弧阶段实现，拓展了控制的灵活度。
The invention relates to a novel short-circuit transition welding system and a control method thereof, belonging to the field of welding method equipment and automation. The invention combines advanced digital control technology and adopts digital chip DSP control means to complete the control of the AC short circuit transition welding process. The polarity switching from EP to EN is performed in the short-circuit phase of the welding process, and the polarity switching from EN to EP is performed in the arcing phase to achieve the purpose of energy control in each welding cycle and improve the continuity of energy control. The energy adjustment in the welding process of the present invention is carried out in each welding cycle, which solves the disadvantage of large energy fluctuations in the welding process; the arc is in the EP polarity stage in the later stage of arc burning during the welding process, which is beneficial to the shaping of the droplet and reduces the arc The repulsive force makes the droplet transfer smoother. At the same time, the high-voltage arc stabilization part is added, so that the electrode polarity transition moment during the welding process can be realized not only in the short circuit stage, but also in the arc burning stage, which expands the flexibility of control.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of control method of short-circuiting transfer soldering system, belong to welding method equipment and automatic field.
Background technology
Gas shielded arc welding was put forward by the engineer of Russia as far back as 1883, and to the thirties in 20th century, American scholar is the invention inert gas-shielded arc welding at first.This method is used for the non-ferrous metal welding and has obtained good effect, but it is undesirable to be used for the welding of ferrous metal.Up to the phase at the beginning of the fifties in last century, the critical point spring time youth of the willow of Soviet Union crust Paderewski, Nuo Woriluofu and Japan studies successful carbon dioxide gas arc welding respectively, makes that just the welding of ferrous metal is better realized.The mode of metal transfer that carbon dioxide gas arc welding adopts is different from the welding of inert gas; be mainly short circuiting transfer; because numerous advantages such as the method has such as the production efficiency height, welding cost is low, welding quality good, welding adaptability is strong make it obtain rapidly promoting.Along with the intensification of people's research, this method of short circuiting transfer is also by only adopting CO
2Gas expands to and adopts in the MIG/MAG weldering, the great development space of having embodied the short circuiting transfer method as protection gas.Yet past people adopts the equipment of this welding method substantially all to adopt dc reverse connection (be that electrode is a positive polarity, oscillogram as shown in Figure 3), and nobody adopts method of AC welding to realize.
Development along with World Economics, people have proposed different requirements to welding, need the welding of sheet iron such as more conditions, therefore wire-electrode be a fuel factor different with mother metal to welding wire just or when bearing when utilizing welding, the needs that satisfy actual production conditions a kind of good selection of can yet be regarded as.Under this background, Japan OTC company has proposed the short circuiting arc welding method (CN 1775444A) that a kind of polarity is switched, this method is the needs according to energy in the actual welding, keeping continuously all after dates of a certain number of EP (electrode for just), pass through control device, make welding process become EN (electrode is for negative) polarity, and keep certain number of cycles.The difference of the ratio of the EP by not stopping, the variation of EN polarity and variation realizes the energy control of welding process.The transformation that is characterized in each polarity of electrode is all in short-circuit stage, and this moment is not owing to there being electric arc, so the problem that does not exist electric arc to ignite so also do not need to increase stabilising arc equipment, is characterized in that control is simple.But because the polarity transformation of its electrode from EN to EP and from EP to EN all is limited in short-circuit stage constantly, thereby cause it in actual welding, to have significant limitation, its shortcoming is as follows: because the transformation of its polarity is when all being chosen in short circuit, so cause its arc stage EP and two kinds of situations of EN can occur.And when EN, because the effect of the electric arc repulsive force of welding process makes the droplet transfer in welding molten drop shaping stage in arcing later stage have bigger repulsion, be easy to generate and splash, it is unstable that welding process is existed.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defective of existing welding system, a kind of control method of short-circuiting transfer soldering system is provided.The ac short circuit transition system that native system is controlled with digitizing technique, in each shorted period, the initial period electric arc of arcing is in the EN stage, this moment is because cathode drop is bigger, so the electric arc heat is mainly used in filler wire, and the later time electric current descends, and energy reduces, and transferred arc is an EP polarity.This moment electric arc to the inhibition of molten drop a little less than, the droplet transfer is smooth and easy, welding process is stable.
Design philosophy of the present invention is: in conjunction with advanced digital Control Technology, the control device that adopts digitlization chip DSP and CPLD to combine is finished the control of ac short circuit transition welding process.Short-circuit stage in welding process is carried out the polarity conversion of dc reverse connection (DCEP) to straight polarity direct current (DCEN), carrying out DCEN in arc stage switches to the polarity of DCEP, realize all carrying out each welding interval the purpose of energy control, improve the continuity of energy control.The principle of its invention is: when DCEN, electrode is for negative, and this moment is very fast to the burn-off rate of welding wire, can improve the burn-off rate of welding wire, and be anodal owing to mother metal this moment, and is less to its heat input, then reduces the fusion penetration to mother metal; And when electrode was DCEP, welding wire was a positive polarity, and this moment is less to wire melting, and bigger to the melting rate of mother metal.By the adjusting of EN ratio, can realize that the hot quantity to mother metal controls in the welding process like this, realize purpose of the present invention.
Main innovate point of the present invention is as follows:
1) ac short circuit transition welding method of the present invention is under with constant wire feed rate, comprises in the welding interval of continuous short circuit, arcing state at each, carries out the ac short circuit transition welding method that polarity of electrode switches.In each welding interval (comprising a complete short circuit and arc stage), all make polarity of electrode be converted into negative (DCEN), then be converted into DCEP by EN in a certain moment of arc stage by just (being DCEP) in a certain moment of short-circuit stage (such as short circuit zero hour).So not only ensured and to have carried out the adjusting of energy each welding interval, and ensured that each molten drop shaping stage electrode in the arcing later stage all is in positive polarity, can significantly reduce the rejection that occurs when negative at electrode like this, promote the stable of welding process, reduce the generation of splashing.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows.Welding system of the present invention is made up of three parts such as main circuit 1, control circuit 2, peripheries 3.Wherein main circuit 1 part comprises by current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 1.1, inverter circuit 1.2, intermediate-frequency transformer 1.3, secondary rectification circuit 1.4, secondary inverter circuit 1.5, arc energy output 1.6, electric current lime 1.7 and voltage lime 1.8, a high pressure stabilising arc 1.9 etc. and forming; Control circuit 2 includes core control section A, driving operating part B, front panel input and display part C and wire feed system D; Periphery 3 is made up of wire-feed motor and gas cylinder.Wherein, core control section A comprises: dsp system part A 1, CPLD components of system as directed A2, current sample and filtering A3 and voltage sample and filtering A4 and holding circuit A5 form; Drive operating part B: drive B3 by inverse changing driving circuit B1, a secondary inverse changing driving circuit B2 and high pressure stabilising arc and form; Front panel input and display part C: include given C1 of welding parameter and welding parameter and show C2; Wire feed system D: include arc welding gun switch D1, air valve D3, the given D2 of wire feed and wire-feed motor alignment circuit D4.
The end of current sample and filtering A3 and voltage and sampling filter A4 links to each other with dsp system A1 among the core control section A in the described control circuit 2, the other end respectively with main circuit 1 in electric current lime 1.7 link to each other with voltage lime 1.8; The A2 of CPLD system then links to each other with holding circuit A5, receives the guard signal of self-protection circuit A5 input; Simultaneously the CPLD A2 of system also drives B3 with inverse changing driving circuit B1, a secondary inverse changing driving circuit B2 and high pressure stabilising arc and links to each other output drive signal.In addition, the A2 of CPLD system also links to each other with wire feed system D with display part C, shows the signal transmission with wire feed signal and dsp system A1.And above-described all these signals, except that current sample A3 and voltage sample A4 directly with DSP links to each other, all the other all link to each other with DSP through CPLD, input to dsp system and partly control, dsp system A1 is passing to each appropriate section through the signal that obtains behind the sequential operation respectively by the A2 of CPLD system simultaneously.
Inverse changing driving circuit B1 and secondary inverse changing driving circuit B2 and high pressure stabilising arc drive the driving signal that B3 all receives the A2 of CPLD system among the described driving operating part B, then respectively with main circuit 1 in an inversion 1.2 in IGBT1, IGBT2, IGBT3, IGBT4, IGBT5, IGBT6 in the secondary inversion part 1.5 in the main circuit 1 and the IGBT7 in the high pressure stabilising arc 1.9 link to each other, finish the corresponding driving task.An inverse changing driving circuit B1 all links to each other with holding circuit A5 with secondary inverse changing driving circuit B2 simultaneously, by A5 the CPLD that guard signal inputs among the A2 is carried out the corresponding protection action.
The given C1 of welding parameter among front panel input and the display part C, welding parameter show that C2 links to each other with the A2 of CPLD system, and realize and signal acceptance and the transmission work of dsp system A1 by the A2 of CPLD system, finish the demonstration of the setting of welding parameter and welding process electric current, voltage.The A2 of CPLD system by and wire feed system D in photoelectricity isolate, realize linking to each other with wire-feed motor alignment circuit D4 with the given D2 of wire feed with arc welding gun switch D1, air valve D3.Simultaneously wire-feed motor alignment circuit D4 links to each other with periphery 3, the steady wire feed of realization welding process and the unlatching of air valve, closes.
Above-described a kind of short-circuiting transfer soldering system and control method, this method realizes according to the following steps:
1) according to the actual welding requirement, input welding parameter: comprise wire feed rate V, EN ratio, welding current I, weldingvoltage U, the gas classification.Input and display part C by front panel input to the A2 of CPLD system with above-mentioned welding parameter, are undertaken being transferred to dsp system A1 after level transforms by the A2 of CPLD system;
2) according to the signal of air valve D3, determine the gas cylinder on off state of periphery 3, and guarantee that the state of wire-feed motor is intact;
3) wait for arc welding gun switch D1 signal, prepare striking: its process is, whether dsp system A1 detects arc welding gun switch D1 and opens, be then to export the striking pulse energy value to give the A2 of CPLD system, CPLD exports to inverse changing driving circuit B1 and secondary inverse changing driving circuit B2 corresponding driving signal in the drive circuit through corresponding calculated.DSP among the A1 outputs signal to the given D2 of wire feed by the A2 of CPLD system simultaneously, and by the wire-feed motor of wire-feed motor alignment circuit D4 output control periphery 3 and the unlatching of gas cylinder.In system's running, dsp system A1 judges whether striking success of welding process by the weldingvoltage feedback signal that collects from voltage sample and filtering A4 and current sample and filtering A3 and welding current feedback signal, enter normal ac short circuit transition control welding procedure if striking is successful, and in this normal welding process, carry out corresponding polarity conversion.If there is not the striking success, then proceed striking output, until the striking success.
Described CPLD comprises two parts through corresponding calculated, one is meant that CPLD receives the given signal of dsp system A1, the program of CPLD by inside calculates that to change into a pair of size identical then, be mutually the PWM output of 180 degree phase places, this output is as the input signal of an inverse changing driving circuit B1, to determine the service time of an inversion 1.2.It two is situations according to the polarity inverted signal, produces the input signal that the secondary inversion drives signal B2, with the state of decision secondary inversion 1.5.
Described CPLD calculates by the program of inside and is meant, CPLD receives the quantity of A1 from dsp system, this quantity is between 0 to 4095, be input as 0 or less than 0 o'clock, the PWM pulsewidth of output is 0us, and input quantity is 4095 or greater than 4095 o'clock, and the PWM pulsewidth of output is maximum 20us (reverse frequency of this moment is 20KHz), the data of input data between 0 to 4095, the PWM pulsewidth of output proportionally changes between 0 to 20us.
Described normal ac short circuit transition control welding procedure comprises the programme-control in short circuit and two stages of arcing.In the short circuit program phase, dsp system A1 carries out the AD sampling by electric current and sampling filter A3, obtain actual welding electric current I f, and the electric current set-point Ig that obtains according to welding current I in itself and the program compared, its difference is obtained a corresponding numerical value by digital PI calculation procedure, then this numerical value is exported to A2 partial C PLD, the program of CPLD by inside calculates the PWM output and the secondary inversion 1.5 pairing polarity driven signals of inversion 1.2 correspondences, so just determined welding machine energy fan-out capability and the residing polarization state of welding machine at this moment.
In the arcing program phase, dsp system A1 obtains from current sample and filtering A3 and voltage sample and filtering A4 actual current And if magnitude of voltage Uf partly by the AD sampling.At first voltage U g in Uf and the program (obtaining according to the given voltage U of panel) is compared, its difference is calculated a controlled quentity controlled variable data by digital PI, obtaining a new Ig ' after this data revises Ig as the correction value of the given Ig of electric current (is Ig '=Ig+data, give Ig with Ig ' assignment again then), this Ig ' calculates numerical value with the difference of If by digital PI program then, this numerical value calculates actual an inversion 1.2 required PWM output pulse widths and secondary inversion 1.5 needed polarity by the program of A2 partial C PLD by inside, has determined that promptly the power output of welding machine this moment is the control of output polarity.
Carrying out corresponding polarity conversion in the described normal welding process is meant, in short circuit and two stages of arcing of above-mentioned normal welding, the EN ratio that dsp system A1 is imported according to the given C1 of welding parameter, the decision welding process in each welding interval EN to the changing moment of EP, promptly carry out polarity after the arcing time span constantly and transform from entering according to the EN ratio decision of input, this time length at 0ms between the 10ms.Transform constantly to the polarity of EN for EP, can be chosen in short circuit period sometime, generally elect short circuit zero hour as, this moment, short circuit current was less, and the surge voltage that is produced is less.When the EN ratio is 0, will not carry out any conversion of EN to EP or EP to EN, welding machine remains EP polarity.Equally, when the EN ratio is 100%, will not carry out any conversion of EN to EP or EP to EN, welding machine remains EN polarity.
In the moment that above-mentioned " EN is to the polarity transformation moment of EP " arrives, DSP will export to secondary inverse changing driving circuit B2 and the corresponding signal of high pressure stabilising arc driving B3 by A2 partial C PLD.The transition process of the signal deciding polarity of B2 wherein, B3 signal deciding stabilising arc begins, and from then on constantly begins high pressure stabilising arc signal and will continue to keep certain hour, to guarantee the successful property of stabilising arc process.The stabilising arc time herein generally is about between the 5us-200us.
4) receive arc welding gun switch D1 signal, stop welding.
Described " welding current I " is meant the average value of electric current in the welding process, and its computational methods are the average current after EP and EN different phase electric current take absolute value, and span is 5 to 300A.
Described " weldingvoltage U " is the average voltage U in the welding process, and its computational methods are the average voltage after the EP and the voltage in two stages of EN take absolute value, and span is between the 10-40V.
Described " wire feed rate V " is meant the wire feed rate of wire-feed motor, and its span is 1～7m/min.
Between the span 0-100% of described " EN ratio ".
Described " gas classification " comprises CO2 and MIG/MAG gas.
Described " welding interval " comprises a continuous short circuit and arcing cycle.
Adopt said method to make parameter matching program controls such as electric current, voltage, wire feed rate, EN ratio, guarantee that arc length is stable, finishes welding process.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1) EP of reversal is chosen in short-circuit stage to the EN changing moment, and EN is to the changing moment of EP polarity, is chosen in a certain moment after the arcing.Made full use of that polarity is positive and negative does not have influence to short-circuit stage essence, and EN polarity increases the fusing of welding wire to the aggravation outstanding feature of the welding wire melting rate of arc stage, reduce the fusion penetration of mother metal, expanded plate sheet welding processing range interval.
2) the molten drop shaping stage in arcing later stage all is in the EP polarity stage in the welding process, helps the shaping of molten drop, reduces the repulsive force of electric arc, makes the droplet transfer more smooth and easy.
3) increased the high pressure arc stabilizing part, the polarity of electrode changing moment can not only be realized in short-circuit stage, also can realize, expanded the flexibility ratio of control in arc stage.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 welding system structure composition diagram
The main circuit diagram of Fig. 2 welding system
The conventional short circuiting transfer voltage of Fig. 3, current waveform figure
Fig. 4 welding process current-voltage waveform figure
Fig. 4 (A) stabilising arc voltage
Fig. 4 (B) commutation signal
Fig. 4 (C) weldingvoltage
Fig. 4 (D) welding current
Fig. 5 dsp system main program software scenario figure
The specific embodiment
To be illustrated embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings now.
Be illustrated in figure 1 as the overall system block diagram of present embodiment.As can be seen, welding system comprises main circuit 1 and is that control core circuit 2 and periphery 3 are formed with TMS320F2812DSP+EPM7192CPLD.Wherein the main circuit input voltage exchanges for three-phase 380V; Current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 1.1 adopts Fuji's rectifier bridge rectification, and model is FUJ 6RI100G-160; One time inverter circuit 1.2 adopts the full-bridge inverting structure, and the IGBT that is BSM150GB120DN2 by two models forms; Secondary rectification circuit 1.4 is formed full-wave rectification by four models for the RM300HA-24F diode; Secondary inversion 1.5 is made up of a F450R12KE4 semi-bridge type IGBT.Current sample lime 1.7 and voltage sample lime 1.8 adopt CHB-300S and CHV-25P space mode piece to form respectively.The high pressure stabilising arc then adopts the IGBT of a 50A and dc constant voltage source to form.Control circuit part 2 is mainly by forming based on A1 of TMS320F2812DSP system and the EPM7192 type CPLD A2 of system, and wherein DSP mainly finishes the functions such as adjusting such as processing, PI calculating of control sequential and parameter, is the control core of whole system.The function that CPLD mainly finishes comprises three parts: the level conversion that the first connects as signal between the external world and the DSP, make smooth and easy transmission between the signal of 3.3V level of the signal of peripheral 5V level and DSP, such as and display part C and wire-feeding part D between signal transmission etc.; It two is the guard signals that receive from A5, with the control of the driving signal that determines an inversion and secondary inversion, carries out protective effect; It three is to receive from DSP to control result and the control signal of calculating gained in real time, generates pwm signal, passes to drive part B then, produces and drives signal, drives 1.2 and 1.5 and 1.9 parts of main electricity part.
The job order of this example welder system master electricity part is: after three-phase input 380V alternating current at first partly carries out rectifying and wave-filtering through 1.1 input rectifyings, become HVDC (about 540V).This direct current carries out inversion through 1.2 inverter circuits (this is controlled by control circuit part 2) then, and become the alternating current of 20KHZ after isolating through the step-down of intermediate-frequency transformer 1.3, carry out rectifying and wave-filtering through secondary rectifying part 1.4 then, become the used big current low voltage direct current of welding, pass through 1.5 secondary inversion again, supply with the output of 1.6 bonding powers.Because the present invention is in the arc extinction state at this moment, so do not need the stabilising arc measure being in short-circuit stage by EP during to the change in polarity of EN; And, be in arc stage by the process of EN to EP, and this moment is owing to exist the problem of current over-zero, thus only need unidirectional high pressure stabilising arc 1.9 parts to carry out stabilising arc, to guarantee that electric arc is unlikely to extinguish.
Fig. 2 is the main circuit diagram of this welding system.Wherein BR1 is 1.1 rectifying part among Fig. 1, it receives 380 volts alternating current, export about 540 volts direct current, after the filtering by C1 and C2, input to an inversion part 1.2 of forming by IGBT1-4, the driving of this part is exported to CPLD by the controlling value that DSP obtains after by real-time calculating, and the CPLD part drives signal by calculating corresponding PWM, carries out driving after the power amplification through overdrive circuit B1 then.The high voltage direct current inversion that this full-bridge circuit obtains after with 1.1 rectifications by intermediate-frequency transformer T is the high-frequency alternating current (being 20KHz herein) of low-voltage and high-current, this alternating current is undertaken obtaining direct current once more after the rectification by 1.4, it opens or turn-offs control respectively by secondary inversion part IGBT5 and IGBT6, realizes exchanging welding.Because welding machine polarity occurs in arc stage by EN to the conversion process of EP, thus the stabilising arc voltage that need form by IGBT7 carry out stabilising arc.
The composition and the function of part 2 are respectively:
Core control section A mainly is made up of TMS320F2812DSP and EPM7192 type CPLD, comprises four importations.First importation be after inversion constant current control through the input of the sample rate current of secondary rectification 1.4 outputs and from the sampled voltage at electric arc two ends, the current sample of input and the signal of filtering A3 and voltage sample and filtering A4 are to obtain real-time weldingvoltage and current value, wherein current sample and filtering A3 adopt actual current value If in the reflow termination process and are used for PI control (proportional plus integral control), adjust current deviation in real time, realize closed-loop control; Voltage sample and filtering A4 adopt the Control of Voltage that virtual voltage Uf in the reflow termination process is used for arc stage, realize the purpose of arcing section constant voltage control by closed-loop control.Second importation is the signal from the arc welding gun switch D1 of wire-feeding part D that obtains by CPLD.The 3rd importation derives from the input of the front panel that obtains by CPLD and the welding parameter of display part C presets C1, obtains the welding initial parameter.The 4th importation comes from holding circuit A5, and the control by CPLD itself realizes the control to the driving output that drives operating part B, to protect.Part A is mainly finished the response of welding parameters input and external signal as the core control section, and handles, calculates and change the back B, C, D three parts are controlled through software, makes whole welding system co-ordination, finishes predetermined welding purpose.
Control operating part B, it is input as from the EPM7192 type CPLD part among the core control section A, i.e. A2 part.Its function mainly comprises two parts: the first produces and drives signal, and this comprises that the driving B1 of an inverse changing driving circuit, the driving signal B2 and the high pressure stabilising arc of secondary inversion drive signal B3; Its two be will receive the guard signal from an inversion and secondary inversion part pass to CPLD by holding circuit A5, to produce the protection action, promptly turn-off corresponding PWM and drive output.
Front panel input and display part C are peripheral unit control and operating part.The given C1 of welding parameter realizes the setting of welding parameter to core control section A input, and shows that by welding parameter C2 shows.When welding, core control section A output welding current and voltage show C2 to welding parameter, make it can show welding current and voltage in real time.
Wire feed system D receipt source determines numerical value and the state of given D2 of wire feed and air valve D3 in the signal of arc welding gun switch D1 and the input of part A, and by D4 output control periphery 3.
Present embodiment has adopted the dsp chip TMS320F2812 of clock frequency 150MHz, as ac short circuit transition welding control system core, finish when electric arc reversal, keep constant current after the inversion, constant pressure source amplitude, secondary inversion polarity switching instant, stabilising arc pulse application time synchronously; Detect arc voltage in the welding process in real time, the output waveform of electric arc is regulated, keep process stabilization; Real time data processing in the control procedure.
Fig. 3 is conventional short circuiting transfer voltage, current waveform figure.This figure represents is weldingvoltage, current waveform schematic diagram when the source of welding current is direct current.Ts0 and Ts1 represent short circuit duration among the figure, and Ta0 and Ta1 represent the arc time.Scheming as can be seen thus, voltage, electric current its value in whole welding process illustrates promptly that all greater than zero welding process is the direct current welding.
Fig. 4 is welding process current-voltage waveform figure.(A) expression stabilising arc voltage waveform among the figure; Figure (B) expression commutation signal, wherein high level is represented EP polarity, zero level is represented EN polarity; Figure (C) expression weldingvoltage; Figure (D) expression welding current, wherein the abcdefgh line among the figure (C) is represented the interchange weldingvoltage waveform of a welding interval; Scheme (D) middle uvwxyz line sign interchange welding current waveform of a welding interval.
As seen from Figure 4, when t0, weld polarity begins commutation to EN by EP, and this moment, commutation signal became low level (zero level) by high level.Be the stage of being short-circuited from t0 to the t1 stage, this stage EN polarity (owing to be short-circuited this moment, thus EN or EP polarity this to welding process in the heat input of molten drop and mother metal less than too big difference).From t1 constantly, welding process enters arc stage, and this moment polarity still is EN polarity, and owing to be EN polarity, will impel the burn-off rate of welding wire very fast, and is then less to the fusing in molten bath.To t2 constantly, commutation signal becomes high level by zero level, and weld polarity begins to the EP polarity transformation by EN and finishes this transition process, and this moment back weld polarity becomes EP.In order to guarantee that electric arc can not extinguish in this transition process, carving at this moment simultaneously increases stabilising arc voltage and keeps certain hour tw1, as shown in figure (A).From then on t2 plays welding process constantly and still is in arc stage, and its polarity remains EP, and is less for the shaping repulsive interaction of molten drop.To t3 constantly, molten drop contacts with the molten bath once more, and enters short-circuit stage once more, thereby by beginning a new welding interval.
Ac short circuit transferred arc welding control system adopts software programming to realize control, both can reduce the complexity of hardware system, can strengthen the Flexible Control of system again, has kept the control uniformity of system simultaneously.And, improved the reaction speed and the precision of system greatly owing to the computing capability and the extremely strong DSP of the speed of service that adopt.In order to finish above said welding process, programme-control of the present invention divides two parts: programme-control of welding process dsp system and Digital PWM control are elaborated respectively below.
Dsp system program software part is made up of following components: main program, system initialization routine, keyboard scan program, sampling routine, PI regulate calculation procedure, striking program, welding procedure, receipts arc program etc., and the Control Welding Process main program flow is seen accompanying drawing 5.The concrete execution sequence of its main program is: behind the electrification reset, program brings into operation from initial address, and the executive system initialization of elder generation of system is finished the initial value of each welding parameter and register and set.Carry out the keyboard scan program then, preset welding parameters such as wire feed rate V, weldingvoltage U, welding current I and EN ratio and be used for Control Welding Process, and relevant parameter is set demonstration by display subroutine.System judges whether the welding switch is opened, and is then to open air valve D3 subsequently, after time-delay a period of time in dsp system A1 a given little given D2 of wire feed rate control wire feed.Start timing sampling program and digital filter program then, enter each stage of welding.At first enter big electric current and add the direct current striking stage, carry out corresponding PI algorithm, judge whether success of striking, if striking success then enter welding procedure.Welding procedure is carried out different PI control in the different phase of welding, and up to detecting the welding end signal, then implementation is closed pulsewidth modulation, disable motor after receiving the arc program, withdraws from welded condition.
In whole welding process; adopt digitized PWM control; different phase in welding; dsp system A1 gives the A2 of CPLD system the transfer of data through the PI computing; in the CPLD system, produce digitized PWM; and give an inverse changing driving circuit B1 according to the corresponding output pwm signal of the state of holding circuit A5, reach the control of the power output of an inversion.
Wherein digitized PWM is finished by CPLD, detailed process is: CPLD receives the quantity of A1 from dsp system, this quantity is between 0 to 4095, be input as 0 or less than 0 o'clock, the PWM pulsewidth of output is 0us, and input quantity is 4095 or greater than 4095 o'clock, and the PWM pulsewidth of output is maximum 20us (reverse frequency of this moment is 20KHz), the data of input data between 0 to 4095, the PWM pulsewidth of output proportionally changes between 0 to 20us.The PWM phase place strict guarantee of Sheng Chenging is mutually 180 degree herein, and occurs in pairs, and every paired pulses equal and opposite in direction.
The above is an example of native system and control method thereof, and we also can carry out some conversion to it.Can adopt half-bridge inversion circuit to replace the full-bridge form such as the main circuit part, control section replaces TMS320F2812 to realize its function with other DSP or single-chip microcomputer, or replaces EPM7192SQC or the like with the CPLD of other model.As long as it is consistent that its system and control thought and the present invention are narrated, all should be considered as the included scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of control method of short-circuiting transfer soldering system is characterized in that: under constant wire feed rate, all carry out polarity of electrode and switch in each comprises the welding interval of continuous short circuit, arcing state;
Described polarity of electrode switches, and a certain moment polarity of electrode that is specially in short-circuit stage is converted into straight polarity direct current by dc reverse connection, is converted into dc reverse connection in a certain moment of arc stage by straight polarity direct current.
2, the control method of a kind of short-circuiting transfer soldering system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the arcing rank stage by the time that straight polarity direct current is converted into dc reverse connection be: the time span that is converted into the moment of dc reverse connection from the arcing initial stage to straight polarity direct current is 0ms～10ms.
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| CN102341207A (en) * | 2009-08-28 | 2012-02-01 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Arc welding method and arc welding device |
| CN103008835A (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2013-04-03 | 北京工业大学 | Short circuit transition welding system of coupling arcs and control method thereof |
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| CN102341207A (en) * | 2009-08-28 | 2012-02-01 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Arc welding method and arc welding device |
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| CN111558761B (en) * | 2019-02-13 | 2023-11-28 | 株式会社达谊恒 | arc welding method |
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