CN101421741A

CN101421741A - Method and system for controlling a vehicle given to a third party

Info

Publication number: CN101421741A
Application number: CNA2007800106521A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 史蒂夫·怀特; 迈克尔·多林; 约翰·诺托
Original assignee: All Protect LLC
Current assignee: All Protect LLC
Priority date: 2006-02-13
Filing date: 2007-02-05
Publication date: 2009-04-29

Abstract

A method and system for controlling a vehicle given to a third party. The system includes a system controller; a mode-indicating device coupled to the system controller; and an authenticator coupled to the system controller. Here, the system controller is adapted to communicate a driving restriction to the vehicle upon an activation of the mode-indicating device by an authorized driver and until a deactivation of the mode-indicating device by the authorized driver, the system controller is adapted to restrict the activation and the deactivation of the mode-indicating device unless the authorized driver has been authenticated by the authenticator, and the driving restriction includes a limit selected from the group consisting of a limit in number of starts, a limit in speed, a limit in acceleration, a limit in number of minutes, a limit in distance, a limit in gears, a limit in locations, and combinations thereof.

Description

Be used to control the method and system that offers the third-party vehicles

Technical field

The present invention relates to be used to control the method and system that offers the third-party vehicles.

Background technology

According to No. the 25th, national alcohol abuse and alcoholism research institute in July, 1994 public health 351, " epidemiological study has shown in the influence degree of U.S.'s alcohol to traffic safety.At first, all traffic hazards (unexpected death cause reason) 40% relevant with alcohol; Secondly, though alcohol directly do not involved in the air crash of american commerce course line, in fatal General Aviation air crash, typically estimate at 10% to 30% with the pilot to involve alcohol relevant.The 3rd, look back the report of coast guard recently, 60% the shipping accident (comprising that the people falls down ship) of wherein proposing may be relevant with alcohol.At last, in nineteen ninety, in the test to the railway servant after unscheduled event, have 3.2% measured alcohol or other forbidden drug to be positive.When involving accident, the ratio that relates to alcohol or other medicines may be higher.”

Therefore no matter, need be suitable for testing and/or prevent that drunk people from operating the vehicles or other device, be the method and system of car, water carrier, aircraft, bus, heavy equipment or inlet point.

The biometric authentication sensor is used to prevent always or limits visit to safety installations, but and as form of security such as the key card of alternative or the substitute of password.It is better than other recognition system that biometric sensor often is considered to, because it is difficult to lose efficacy, distorted or avoided usually more.Yet biometric sensor does not still obtain to accept widely at automobile and other field of vehicles.This may be owing to biometric sensor costliness, difficulty combine with the existing vehicles, or is difficult to operation.

The operation vehicles only need key usually.Existence based on the anti-theft devices of pass code has increased security.Have more senior anti-theft devices, it can not use the vehicles under such as the unsuccessful situation of the biometric authentication of finger scan.Have the limited independent intoximeter device of breathing, its blood alcohol level the driver surpasses under the situation of preset level can not use the vehicles.

Vehicles control system has wretched insufficiency in many-side.For example, the independent system of neither one combines each unit.For example, breathe intoximeter test and biometric identification if desired, then need two different systems at present, and this is unnecessary, expensive, and not necessarily compatible.

And, though relevant with driving (DUI) under influence usually such as the such substance testing of alcohol screen test, also may be relevant with medicine, workplace safety, observation period monitoring etc.At present, breathing and external (as blood and saliva) substance measurement method are used for the concentration of the material of related (determining) human body.Breathing and external material measuring technique are subjected to three critical limitation.That is, they need handle body fluid, and this will cause the situation relevant with the harmful organism measurement of species; They need test and management person's subject supervision to a certain extent; They in fact do not measure the material concentration in the human body in real time.

Therefore need be used for to improve the security of harmful organism measurement of species and/or provide unmanned supervision and/or the non-intrusion type substance testing of real real-time testing and/or the method and system of substance in vivo test.In addition, also need a kind of method and system, it can be in conjunction with authenticate device such as biometric sensor, automatically no matter test, reduce and/or eliminate the needs of the supervision in deception and/or the test and/or prevent or limit drunk people and operate the vehicles or other device, be car, water carrier, aircraft, bus, heavy equipment or inlet point.The coupling of biometric sensor and substance testing system should be tight as much as possible, so that simultaneously and/or authenticate substantially simultaneously with material and assess.

Summary of the invention

An aspect of the embodiment of the invention relates to the light source (as the diode laser of light emitting diode (LED), mercury xenon arc lamp, tungsten halogen lamp or specific (single) wavelength) that is used for the material concentration of tissue is carried out non-intrusion type test and/or body build-in test.Another aspect of the embodiment of the invention relates to two or more wavelength that are used for non-intrusion type species analysis and/or substance in vivo analysis.Another aspect of the embodiment of the invention relates to reading substantially of material concentration and the reading subsequently that is used for comparison and/or definite tissue.Another aspect of the embodiment of the invention is in nearest position coupling, with simultaneously and/or authenticate substantially simultaneously with material and assess biometric sensor and substance sensor.The opposing party of the embodiment of the invention face provides and is used to control the method and system that is provided for the third-party vehicles.

Embodiments of the invention relate to the optical material detector, and comprise the light source (for example Halogen lamp LED) of the test sample book (for example zone of test sample book) that is used to throw light on and be connected in the fibre bundle of Halogen lamp LED, and the wavelength filtering system of configuration.Desirable wavelength band is reflected back into detector.By the assessment that comprises that statistical modeling is analyzed, according to the BAC (BAC) of the legal limits of the operation vehicles being determined test sample book, if BAC not in legal limits, then the vehicles can not use.

Embodiments of the invention provide a kind of vehicle operator that prevents to use the system of the vehicles.This system comprises system controller, with the biometric authenticating apparatus of this system controller coupling, be suitable for providing the material sniffer of operator's levels of substance to system controller.Here, if operator's levels of substance is higher than permissible level or the operator does not have certified device authentication, then system controller is suitable for passing on the driving constraint to the vehicles, levels of substance is determined at operator's acral (extremity), to the operator also its acral authentication, the acral group of forming by finger, thumb, toe, ear, palm, sole, foot, hand, head that is selected from.

In one embodiment, if the certified device authentication of operator, and operator's levels of substance is not higher than permissible level, and then system controller also is suitable for starting to allow the vehicles with vehicle communication.

In one embodiment, authenticate device comprises biometric authenticating apparatus, and it is selected from geometrical configuration (hand-geometry) authenticate device, sound authenticate device by fingerprint certification device, face recognition authenticate device, hand, and makes up the group of being formed.

In one embodiment, authenticate device comprises fingerprint sensor, and wherein operator's levels of substance is determined in the body in operator's finger.

In one embodiment, the material sniffer person's that is suitable for the exploration operation alcohol level.

In one embodiment, the material sniffer comprises wideband detector.The material sniffer can also comprise light source, and it is configured to the light beam to wideband detector guiding specific wavelength band, and this can be by receiving and finish so that reflected light is detected device at acral lead beam.The specific wavelength band can be at about 1300nm in the scope of about 2400nm.This scope can be selected from the group of being made up of following scope: first scope from about 1400nm to about 1500nm, second scope from about 1650nm to about 1750nm, the 3rd scope from about 2200nm to about 2400nm.The certain wavelengths band can be at about 1450nm.Wideband detector can be a single detector.This single detector can be the InGaAs detector.

In one embodiment, acral is finger.

In one embodiment, the material sniffer comprises wideband detector, to first light beam wideband detector guiding, the first specific wavelength band, and to wideband detector second light beam guiding, the second specific wavelength band.The first specific wavelength band can be such wavelength: at this wavelength place, the absorbability of alcohol is less than the absorbability of water; The second specific wavelength band can be such wavelength: at this wavelength place, the absorbability of alcohol is greater than the absorbability of water.Wideband detector can be a single detector.This single detector can be the InGaAs detector.The first specific wavelength band can be at about 1400nm in the scope of about 1500nm, and the second specific wavelength band can be at about 1650nm in the scope of about 1750nm.Alternatively, the first specific wavelength band can be at about 1400nm in the scope of about 1500nm, and the second specific wavelength band can be at about 2200nm in the scope of about 2400nm.

In one embodiment, the material sniffer comprises wideband detector, to first light beam wideband detector guiding, the first specific wavelength band, to wideband detector second light beam guiding, the second specific wavelength band, and to wideband detector the 3rd light beam guiding, the 3rd specific wavelength band.Wideband detector can be a single detector.The first specific wavelength band can be at about 1400nm in the scope of about 1500nm, and the second specific wavelength band can be at about 1650nm in the scope of about 1750nm, and the 3rd specific wavelength band can be at about 2200nm in the scope of about 2400nm.The first specific wavelength band can be at about 1450nm.In one embodiment, be used to prevent that the system of the vehicle operator use vehicles from can also comprise light source, it is configured for provides first light beam, second light beam and the 3rd light beam.In one embodiment, be used to prevent that vehicle operator from using the system of the vehicles can also comprise that filtering system between light source and wideband detector, this filtering system are suitable for providing to wideband detector first light beam, second light beam and the 3rd light beam of first, second and the 3rd specific wavelength band.

In one embodiment, the material sniffer comprises: be selected from the single wideband detector in the group of being made up of PbS detector, PbSe detector, InAs detector, InGaAs detector, InSb detector, HgCdTe detector, and be suitable for the light source to the light beam of this single wideband detector guiding specific wavelength.In one embodiment, be used to prevent that vehicle operator from using the system of the vehicles can also comprise wavelength filtering system between light source and wideband detector, this wavelength filtering system is suitable for providing to wideband detector the light beam of specific wavelength band.The wavelength filtering system can be positioned at the single wideband detector of distance than the position nearer apart from light source.In one embodiment, be used to prevent that the system of the vehicle operator use vehicles from can also comprise the platform that all is coupled with light source and single wideband detector, wherein this platform is configured for the acral surface of operator and contacts, and has the refractive index that equates substantially with the refractive index on the acral surface of operator.

In one embodiment, the vehicles comprise automobile.Automobile can be the car of renting.

In one embodiment, the vehicles comprise the vehicles that are selected from the group of being made up of the part of a part, heavy-duty machinery and the equipment of aircraft, public transport, water carrier, commercial unit.

In one embodiment, authenticate device comprises fingerprint sensor, and the tissue place of operator's levels of substance in operator's finger determined in the body.

In one embodiment, the material sniffer comprises wideband detector.Here, the material sniffer can also comprise diode laser, and it is configured to the light beam to wideband detector guiding specific wavelength.Wideband detector can be single photodiode detector.This single photodiode detector can be the InGaAs photodiode detector.Acral can be finger.

In one embodiment, system comprises also and the voucher sensor of system controller coupling that it is suitable for the voucher of verifying of sense operator.Here, system controller can be suitable for verifying by the operator of authenticate device authentication and operator's the voucher of verifying and be complementary.The voucher that can verify can comprise and being selected from by driving license, RFID label, smart card, credit card, the key ring that comprises infrared ray (IR) adapter, subcutaneous implantation, and the voucher in the group formed of combination.

In one embodiment, the material sniffer comprise wideband detector, be configured to wideband detector guide the light beam of first specific wavelength first diode laser, be configured to guide second diode laser of the light beam of second specific wavelength to wideband detector.Here, first specific wavelength can be such wavelength: at this wavelength place, the absorbability of alcohol is less than the absorbability of water; Second specific wavelength can be such wavelength: at this wavelength place, the absorbability of alcohol is greater than the absorbability of water.Wideband detector can be single photodiode detector.This single photodiode detector can be the InGaAs photodiode detector.

In one embodiment, the material sniffer comprise wideband detector, be configured to wideband detector guide the light beam of first specific wavelength first diode laser, be configured to wideband detector guide the light beam of second specific wavelength second diode laser, be configured to guide the 3rd diode laser of the light beam of the 3rd specific wavelength to wideband detector.Here, wideband detector is single photodiode detector.

Embodiments of the invention provide clock system.This system comprise system controller, with the biometric authenticating apparatus of this system controller coupling, and the material sniffer of levels of substance that is suitable for providing the operator of clock system to system controller.Here, levels of substance determines in that the operator is acral, to the operator also its acral authentication, the acral group of forming by finger, thumb, toe, ear, palm, sole, foot, hand and head that is selected from.

In one embodiment, if if operator's levels of substance is higher than permissible level or the operator does not have certified device authentication, then system controller is suitable for setting up alarm.Clock system can also comprise the clock that is suitable for the time of determining when alarm is set up.

In one embodiment, if the operator is certified and material concentration is not higher than permissible level, then system controller is suitable for communicating with the building safety device, visits this building safety device to allow the operator.If the operator is not certified or material concentration is higher than permissible level, then system controller also can be suitable for communicating with the building safety device, visits the building safety device with the constraint manipulation person.The building safety device can comprise the clock that is suitable for the time of determining when allowing the operator to visit the building safety device.

Embodiments of the invention provide the system that prevents the vehicle operator use vehicles.This system comprises system controller, be suitable for surveying at least one biometric parameter and generating the biometric authenticating apparatus of the authentic authentication output of this operator of indication in first skin site of vehicle operator, and is suitable near the second skin site exploration operation person's of first skin site levels of substance and generate the material sniffer of horizontal output.Here, system controller is operated in response to authenticating output and horizontal output, if so that the operator does not have certified or survey output to be higher than the allowable value of selecting in advance, then optionally retrain the use of the vehicles.

In one embodiment, operator's first skin site is the position that can carry out biometric authentication to the operator.

In one embodiment, operator's first skin site is positioned at operator's fingerprint place.

Embodiments of the invention provide the method that is used for the material concentration of tissue is carried out in-vivo measurement.This method comprises: the incident beam that guiding comes from the specific wavelength of diode laser enters tissue, measure from the part of the incident beam of organizing the specific wavelength that reflects with wideband detector, determine the beam absorption of material according to measure portion, come material concentration in the computation organization according to the beam absorption of determining at specific wavelength from the incident beam of tissue reflection.Here, tissue is can comprising the blood of human body, and/or material can be an alcohol.

In one embodiment, this method also comprises it is just organized by biometric authenticating apparatus and system controller and evaluated people authenticates.Here, if this people is certified and material concentration is not higher than permissible level, then system controller can be suitable for operating to allow this controlled vehicles with controlled vehicle communication.If this people is not certified or material concentration is higher than permissible level, then system controller can be suitable for passing on operational constraints to the controlled vehicles.The controlled vehicles can comprise automobile, and this automobile can be the car of renting.The controlled vehicles can comprise the vehicles that are selected from the group of being made up of the part of a part, heavy-duty machinery and the equipment of aircraft, public transport, water carrier, commercial unit.If the operator is certified and material concentration is not higher than permissible level, then system controller can be suitable for communicating with the building safety device, visits the building safety device to allow the operator.If the operator is not certified or material concentration is higher than permissible level, then system controller also can be suitable for communicating by letter with the building safety device and visit this building safety device with the constraint manipulation person.The buildings access means can comprise the clock that is suitable for the time of determining when allowing the operator to visit the building safety device.Biometric authenticating apparatus can comprise geometrical configuration authenticate device, the sound authenticate device that is selected from by iris authentication device, retina authenticate device, fingerprint certification device, face recognition authenticate device, hand, and the authenticate device in the group of combination composition.Biometric authenticating apparatus can comprise fingerprint sensor.

In one embodiment, wideband detector is single photodiode detector.Single photodiode detector can be the InGaAs photodiode detector.

In one embodiment, only use material to come material concentration in the computation organization in the beam absorption of determining of specific wavelength.

In one embodiment, specific wavelength is about 1310nm.

In one embodiment, the second material concentration state that has the first material concentration state (regime) of the first beam absorption characteristic by use and have second a beam absorption characteristic calculates the material concentration that comes from definite beam absorption.Here, material concentration can be proportional in the beam absorption of specific wavelength with the material in the first material concentration state, and material concentration can be disproportionate in the beam absorption of specific wavelength with the material in the second material concentration state.The second beam absorption characteristic can be determined with experimental technique.The first beam absorption characteristic can be determined by following formula:

I(λ)＝I _o(λ)e ^-α(λ)L

Wherein λ is a specific wavelength, I _oBe the incident intensity of incident beam, I is the intensity transmission of measuring, and α is the absorption coefficient as the function of specific wavelength λ, and L is complete (mass) path by the part incident beam of tissue transmission.

In one embodiment, the incident beam that will come from the specific wavelength of diode laser guides into that the step of tissue comprises: be inducted into irradiating light beam and arrive mirror, to double the fullpath length by the part incident beam of tissue transmission.

In one embodiment, the incident beam that will come from the specific wavelength of diode laser guides into, and the step of tissue comprises to the first side directed incident beam of organizing, measurement comprises the part incident beam of measurement by tissue second side transmission, that come from tissue by the step of the part incident beam of tissue transmission, and wherein second side is relative with first side.

In one embodiment, the incident beam that will come from the specific wavelength of diode laser guides the step of tissue into to comprise the second side directed incident beam that comes from first side of tissue to tissue, and the step of measuring the part incident beam by the tissue transmission comprises the part incident beam of measuring by first side of transmission of part tissue and reflected back tissue.

In one embodiment, diode laser comprises and being selected from by double-heterostructure laser diode, quantum well laser diode, distributed feedback laser diode, vertical cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) diode, and the diode in the group formed of vertical external cavity surface-emitting laser (VECSEL) diode.

In one embodiment, tissue is positioned at people's finger.

In one embodiment, specific wavelength is infrared ray (IR) wavelength.

Embodiments of the invention provide the method for the material concentration in the tissue being carried out in-vivo measurement.This method comprises: first incident beam that guiding comes from first specific wavelength of first diode laser enters tissue, measurement is from a part first incident beam of first specific wavelength of tissue reflection, determine first beam absorption of material according to measured part first incident beam at first specific wavelength from the tissue reflection, second incident beam that guiding comes from second specific wavelength of second diode laser enters tissue, measurement is from a part second incident beam of second specific wavelength of tissue reflection, determine second beam absorption of material according to measured part second incident beam, come material concentration in the computation organization according to determined first beam absorption and determined second beam absorption at second specific wavelength from the tissue reflection.

In one embodiment, only use determined material to come material concentration in the computation organization in second beam absorption of first beam absorption of first specific wavelength and determined second specific wavelength.

In one embodiment, this method also comprises: the 3rd incident beam that guiding comes from the 3rd specific wavelength of the 3rd diode laser enters tissue, measurement is determined three beam absorption of material at the 3rd specific wavelength from a part the 3rd incident beam of tissue reflection according to measured part second incident beam from the tissue reflection.Here, the step of the material concentration in the computation organization also comprises according to determined the 3rd beam absorption and comes material concentration in the computation organization.

In one embodiment, only use determined material to come material concentration in the computation organization in first beam absorption of first specific wavelength, determined second beam absorption and determined the 3rd beam absorption at second specific wavelength at the 3rd specific wavelength.

In one embodiment, first specific wavelength is such wavelength: at this wavelength place, the absorbability of alcohol is less than the absorbability of water; Second specific wavelength is such wavelength: at this wavelength place, the absorbability of alcohol is greater than the absorbability of water.

In one embodiment, just measured after part first incident beam of first specific wavelength that reflects from tissue is measured from part second incident beam of organizing second specific wavelength that reflects.

In one embodiment, use same wideband detector to measure from part first incident beam of first specific wavelength of tissue reflection with from part second incident beam of second specific wavelength of tissue reflection.Here, this same wideband detector can be single photodiode detector.This single photodiode detector can be the InGaAs photodiode detector.

Embodiments of the invention provide the method for the material concentration in the tissue being carried out in-vivo measurement.This method comprises: first incident beam that guiding comes from the specific wavelength of diode laser enters tissue, measurement is from a part first incident beam of the specific wavelength of tissue reflection, determine first beam absorption of material according to measured part incident beam at specific wavelength from the tissue reflection, after a time interval, guide second incident beam of the specific wavelength that comes from diode laser to enter tissue, measurement is from a part second incident beam of the specific wavelength of tissue reflection, determine second beam absorption of material according to measured part second incident beam, determine to organize variation characteristic according to first beam absorption of determined specific wavelength and second beam absorption of determined specific wavelength at specific wavelength from the tissue reflection.

In one embodiment, this method also is included in after the time interval according to the determined variation characteristic of organizing and comes material concentration in the computation organization.Here, the material concentration that comes from determined beam absorption can be calculated by the second material concentration state that use has the first material concentration state of the first beam absorption characteristic and has second a beam absorption characteristic.Material concentration can be proportional in the beam absorption of specific wavelength with the material in the first material concentration state, and material concentration can be disproportionate in the beam absorption of specific wavelength with the material in the second material concentration state.The second beam absorption characteristic can be determined with experimental technique.

In one embodiment, specific wavelength is such wavelength: at this wavelength place, the absorbability of alcohol is less than the absorbability of water.

In one embodiment, specific wavelength is such wavelength: at this wavelength place, the absorbability of alcohol is greater than the absorbability of water.

In one embodiment, tissue comprises the blood of human body, and/or material is an alcohol.

In one embodiment, tissue is positioned at people's finger.

In one embodiment, diode laser comprises the diode that is selected from the group of being made up of double-heterostructure laser diode, quantum well laser diode, distributed feedback laser diode, vertical cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) diode and vertical external cavity surface-emitting laser (VECSEL) diode.

In one embodiment, use wideband detector to measure from part first incident beam of the specific wavelength of tissue reflection with from part second incident beam of the specific wavelength of tissue reflection.Here, wideband detector can be single photodiode detector.This single photodiode detector can be the InGaAs photodiode detector.

In one embodiment, tissue is positioned at people's finger.

Embodiments of the invention provide the method for the material concentration in the tissue being carried out in-vivo measurement.This method comprises: first incident beam that guiding comes from first specific wavelength of first diode laser enters tissue, measurement is determined first beam absorption of material at first specific wavelength from a part first incident beam of first specific wavelength of tissue reflection according to measured part first incident beam from the tissue reflection; Second incident beam that guiding comes from second specific wavelength of second diode laser enters tissue, measurement is determined second beam absorption of material at second specific wavelength from a part second incident beam of second specific wavelength of tissue reflection according to measured part first incident beam from the tissue reflection; After the very first time interval behind guiding first incident beam, the 3rd incident beam that guiding comes from first specific wavelength of first diode laser enters tissue, measurement is determined three beam absorption of material at first specific wavelength from a part the 3rd incident beam of first specific wavelength of tissue reflection according to measured part the 3rd incident beam from the tissue reflection; After second time interval behind guiding second incident beam, the 4th incident beam that guiding comes from second specific wavelength of second diode laser enters tissue, measurement is determined four beam absorption of material at second specific wavelength from a part the 4th incident beam of second specific wavelength of tissue reflection according to measured part the 4th incident beam from the tissue reflection; Determine that according to first beam absorption of determined first specific wavelength and the 3rd beam absorption of determined first specific wavelength first organizes variation characteristic, determine that according to second beam absorption of determined second specific wavelength and the 4th beam absorption of determined second specific wavelength second organizes variation characteristic.

In one embodiment, this method also comprises: after first and second time intervals, organize variation characteristic and second to organize variation characteristic to come material concentration in the computation organization according to determined first.

In one embodiment, the very first time equates substantially with second time interval at interval.

In one embodiment, this method also comprises: the 5th incident beam that guiding comes from the 3rd specific wavelength of the 3rd diode laser enters tissue, measurement is determined five beam absorption of material at the 3rd specific wavelength from a part the 5th incident beam of the 5th specific wavelength of tissue reflection according to measured part the 5th incident beam from the tissue reflection; After the 3rd time interval behind guiding the 5th incident beam, the 6th incident beam that guiding comes from the 3rd specific wavelength of the 3rd diode laser enters tissue, measurement is determined six beam absorption of material at the 3rd specific wavelength from a part the 6th incident beam of the 6th specific wavelength of tissue reflection according to measured part the 6th incident beam from the tissue reflection; Determine that according to the 5th beam absorption of determined the 3rd specific wavelength and the 6th beam absorption of determined the 3rd specific wavelength the 3rd organizes variation characteristic.Here, this method can also comprise: after first, second and the 3rd time interval, organize variation characteristic, second to organize variation characteristic and the 3rd to organize variation characteristic to come material concentration in the computation organization according to determined first.

Embodiments of the invention provide and have been used to control the system that offers the third-party vehicles.This system comprise system controller, with the pattern indicating device of this system controller coupling, and with the authenticate device of this system controller coupling.Here, the driver who is authorized at the pattern indicating device activates and when driver's deactivation that this pattern indicating device is authorized to, and system controller is suitable for passing on to the vehicles drives constraint; System controller is suitable for the activation and the deactivation of restriction mode indicating device, removes the unauthorized certified device authentication of driver; And drive constraint and comprise the restriction that is selected from the group of being formed by startup restricted number, speed limit, acceleration limit, the number of minutes restriction, distance limit, gear restriction, position limit and combination thereof.

In one embodiment, this system comprises also and the material sniffer of system controller coupling that it is suitable for providing third-party levels of substance to system controller.Here, system controller also can be suitable for and vehicle communication, if so that third-party levels of substance is not higher than permissible level, then allows to start the vehicles.If can being suitable for also that third-party levels of substance is higher than permissible level, system controller pass on another to drive constraint to the vehicles.Drive constraint and can comprise that the vehicles bus that is suitable for by the vehicles is sent out the order with the maximal rate of restricting traffic instrument, this another drive constraint and can comprise that the vehicles bus that is suitable for by the vehicles is sent out the order with the instrument start-up that blocks the traffic.

In one embodiment, the material sniffer comprises wideband detector.Here, this material sniffer also can comprise diode laser, and it is configured to the light beam to wideband detector guiding specific wavelength.Wideband detector can be single photodiode detector.This single photodiode detector can be the InGaAs photodiode detector.Acral can be finger.

In one embodiment, the material sniffer comprises: wideband detector; First diode laser is configured to guide to wideband detector the light beam of first specific wavelength; Second diode laser is configured to guide to wideband detector the light beam of second specific wavelength.Here, first specific wavelength can be such wavelength: at this wavelength place, the absorbability of alcohol is less than the absorbability of water; Second specific wavelength is such wavelength: at this wavelength place, the absorbability of alcohol is greater than the absorbability of water.Wideband detector can be single photodiode detector.This single photodiode detector can be the InGaAs photodiode detector.

In one embodiment, the material sniffer comprises: wideband detector; First diode laser is configured to guide to wideband detector the light beam of first specific wavelength; Second diode laser is configured to guide to wideband detector the light beam of second specific wavelength, and the 3rd diode laser is configured to guide to wideband detector the light beam of the 3rd specific wavelength.Here, wideband detector is single photodiode detector.

In one embodiment, drive constraint and also comprise and being selected from by the restriction of the part that can activate, the restriction in openable compartment, and another restriction in the group formed of combination.Here, control panel also can be suitable for sending message to mobile phone under the situation that surpasses restriction, with the remote notification designated person, and/or control panel also can be suitable for: when the driver who authorizes regains control to the vehicles, under the situation that surpasses restriction, set up alarm to notify the driver of this mandate.

In one embodiment, the third party is waiter.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing shows exemplary embodiment of the present invention together with instructions, and combination the description here is in order to explain principle of the present invention.

This patent file or application documents comprise that at least one is made into colored accompanying drawing.Having the disclosed duplicate of this patent of color drawings or patented claim will be as required and the payment of necessary expenses and being provided by Patent Office.

Fig. 1 shows the block diagram that uses the system of (or unauthorized use) vehicles according to driver's card identifying system of embodiment of the invention each side and/or the operator (or driver) that prevents the vehicles;

Fig. 2 shows and uses the process flow diagram of the relevant procedure block of the system of (or unauthorized use) vehicles according to embodiment of the invention each side with driver's card identifying system and/or the operator (or driver) that prevents the vehicles;

Fig. 3 shows the biometric device that is equipped with face shield according to embodiment of the invention each side;

Fig. 4 shows the block diagram according to the bio-measurement of the enhancing of embodiment of the invention each side and material detection system and device;

Fig. 4 A shows the block diagram of the vehicles of the bio-measurement that strengthens among Fig. 4 according to comprising of embodiment of the invention each side and material detection system and device;

Fig. 4 B shows the block diagram of the clock system of the bio-measurement that strengthens among Fig. 4 according to comprising of embodiment of the invention each side and material detection system and device;

Fig. 5 shows the bio-measurement of the enhancing of each side according to a further embodiment of the invention and the block diagram of material detection system and device;

Fig. 6 shows 100% the alcohol collected according to the use research grade NIR spectrometer of the embodiment of the invention each side spectrum at the specific wavelength of 800nm in the 2400nm scope;

Fig. 7 shows in the water of collecting according to the use research grade NIR spectrometer of embodiment of the invention each side 0.10%, 0.08%, 0.06% and 0.04% the alcohol spectrum at the specific wavelength of 1400nm in the 1500nm scope;

Fig. 8 shows in the water of collecting according to the use research grade NIR spectrometer of embodiment of the invention each side 0.10%, 0.08%, 0.06% and 0.04% the alcohol spectrum at the specific wavelength of 1650nm in the 1750nm scope;

Fig. 9 shows in the water of collecting according to the use research grade NIR spectrometer of embodiment of the invention each side 0.10%, 0.08%, 0.06% and 0.04% the alcohol spectrum at the specific wavelength of 2200nm in the 2400nm scope;

Figure 10 A shows the optical material detector configuration according to the embodiment of the invention;

Figure 10 B shows optical material detector configuration in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 11 shows according to the alcohol of embodiment of the invention each side and water in the optical absorption from 800nm to 2400nm;

Figure 12 shows the block diagram according to the spendable multiple technologies of embodiment of the invention each side;

Figure 13 shows according to the light source of embodiment of the invention each side, collimation lens, finger, reimaging camera lens and optical fiber;

Figure 14 shows the synoptic diagram according to the finger sensor of the whole fingerprint screen of having of embodiment of the invention each side;

Figure 15 shows the synoptic diagram according to the photodiode of the trans-impedance amplifier with imagination of embodiment of the invention each side and heat control;

Figure 16 shows the SHS synoptic diagram according to embodiment of the invention each side, and wherein optical fiber is used for SHS being coupled to " finger seam " by the fiber optics device;

Figure 17 shows the adjustable or static light filter that light is sampled of being used for according to embodiment of the invention each side;

Figure 18 shows the light filter slide block that can be used for changing the light filter in the light path when different wave length is sampled according to embodiment of the invention each side;

Figure 19 shows the spectrometer according to embodiment of the invention each side;

Figure 20 and 21 shows a plurality of parts according to the spectrum from 1100nm to 1700nm of embodiment of the invention each side;

Figure 22 shows the full spectrum according to embodiment of the invention each side, laser lighting;

Figure 23 shows the NIR spectrometer data according to embodiment of the invention each side, this data presentation alcohol concentration with the relation of the intensity that about 1310nm observes, the invalid but measured value that can intrigue on the statistics;

Figure 24 A, 24B and 24C show according to the use arrowband illumination of embodiment of the invention each side and the sample method for inquiring of photodiode detector;

Figure 25 shows the detail operations principle according to the monochromator of embodiment of the invention each side;

Figure 26 shows the alcohol sensor means according to embodiment of the invention each side;

Figure 27 shows according to the sample of the embodiment of the invention each side intensity transmission at about 1310nm;

Figure 28 and 29 shows the result according to the 0-0.1% zone that does not conform to the Beer rule of embodiment of the invention each side;

Figure 30 shows the synoptic diagram according to the diode laser of the butterfly encapsulation with whole optical fiber pigtail of embodiment of the invention each side;

Figure 31 shows two diode lasers with tail optical fiber at different wave length according to embodiment of the invention each side;

Figure 32 shows the system chart according to embodiment of the invention each side, and this system is used to control and offers the third-party vehicles, the material concentration of tissue is carried out in-vivo measurement and/or prevented that vehicle operator from using the vehicles;

Figure 33 shows the process flow diagram according to the procedure block of the system logic of embodiment of the invention each side, and wherein system logic is used to control and offers the third-party vehicles, the material concentration of tissue is carried out in-vivo measurement and/or prevented that vehicle operator from using the vehicles;

Figure 34 shows the block diagram according to another system of embodiment of the invention each side, and this system is used to control and offers the third-party vehicles, the material concentration of tissue is carried out in-vivo measurement and/or prevented that vehicle operator from using the vehicles;

Figure 35,36,37 and 38 shows the process flow diagram according to the procedure block of the system logic of embodiment of the invention each side, and wherein system logic is used to control and offers the third-party vehicles, the material concentration of tissue is carried out in-vivo measurement and/or prevented that vehicle operator from using the vehicles.

Embodiment

In the following detailed description, only illustrate and described some exemplary embodiments of the present invention by example.As those skilled in the art can recognize, under the situation that does not depart from spirit and scope of the invention, can carry out various modifications to described exemplary embodiment.Therefore, in fact accompanying drawing and description are considered to illustrative, but not binding.

Imagination provides driver's card identifying system in an embodiment of the present invention.Except that other item, the voucher that this system allows the combination of use human body biometrics to verify retrains and carries out the operation to the vehicles.This system allows the driver who is authorized to is retrained, provides the theft protection, guarantees to observe driving and/or licensing laws, customizable control that used by the head of a family or when the vehicles are provided for such as the such third party of waiter, service facility, appointment driver, friend or employee is provided.System provides also who is driving relevant safety, statistical information encryption, that can verify with people's driving habits with at special time.When under the influence of alcohol and medicine, system also can retrain the driving to the vehicles.

One embodiment of the present of invention are imagined a kind of system, and this system is by using the biometrics combine with the voucher that can verify and hinder or prevent the unauthorized use vehicles.This can finish in conjunction with the voucher that can verify by requiring biometric verification, and wherein biometric verification is the geometrical configuration scanning such as iris scan, retina scanning, finger scan, face recognition scanning, hand, or the sound authentication.The voucher that can verify can be driving license, magnetic stripe, RFID, smart card, credit card, the key ring that comprises infrared adapter, the subcutaneous implantation of tape font code, or other voucher of being provided by the trusted source.This system can also comprise: be used to the demand that starts and drive a conveyance according to the route of the alarm state of each day, the hourage of driving in special time period, riving condition, position, passengers quantity or its state in the time in one day, the week, government's issue, plan or destination adjustment.This system can be accomplished in several ways.A kind of realization is by using the anti-tamper control module (or system controller) based on software and hardware, the biometric authenticating apparatus and the voucher reader of this module acceptance conduct input.This control module can comprise database, perhaps links to each other with database in the vehicles or by wireless connections.Control module can verify that biometric authentication and the voucher that can verify are complementary, and this voucher and/or authentication are effective.Based on the result of checking, control module can with the compunlcation of the vehicles, comprise the driving constraint that receives from database or receive from wireless connections to allow the vehicles to start or to pass on.Control module can also reporting errors, or request based on the additional voucher of authentication, come from the information of database or come from the information of wireless connections.

An alternative embodiment of the invention is imagined a kind of system, and this system is by using the biometrics combine with the detection system that is used for alcohol or medicine and/or the voucher that can verify and hinder or prevent the unauthorized use vehicles.This system can comprise: require a specific driver or a class driver by the test of breathing intoximeter of biometric scan based on them, and/or use the information that obtains from biometric identification to retrain use to the vehicles.For example, retinal scanner can identify under the influence that the people is in alcohol and medicine, is different because the people's under alcohol and some drugs influence who scans retinal pattern or vascular patterns and the same people's under this influence not retinal pattern or vascular patterns are compared.And, can carry out the pupil dilation test with definite drunk by speed and the degree of when light beam glimmers at the eyes place, measuring pupil dilation.The variation of this retinal pattern or pupil dilation can be quantifiable or can be measured, as the percent of the pattern that departs from expectation.Surpassed tolerance if depart from, then the vehicles can the restrained checking that maybe can require alternative form, as the phone of giving the operator, policeman's investigation, or as breathes the clear-headed alternative evidence of intoximeter.For example, if the driver under the alcohol influence attempts to use retina scanning to verify its identity, mark in the system can be activated, require it to prove oneself not drunk (as by notify policeman or kinsfolk via radio communication), or the vehicles can not be worked, or retrain its speed and route.This biometrics is useful with combining of material detection, because it allows for different detection threshold of different personal settings and response.This has also reduced friend or passenger and has breathed the intoximeter device by the igniting locking of the standard of cheating of blowing to it and make drunk driver-operated possibility.Can control tolerance according to various states, or come to customize tolerance for specific driver by storage permissible level in driver's voucher.The customization of this permissible level can allow to be authorized to drive when the scanning difference of specific driver surpasses certain number percent, and wherein specific driver for example is the elderly that eyes may change.If alternative evidence is provided, as come from policeman's override (override) code, then any information about this code can be stored in the daily record, as the policeman's of override badge number.

Another embodiment of the present invention imagines a kind of hand-held biometric identification device, and this device also can be used as material detector and also can be used as the credential verification device.Hand-held biometrics device can comprise portable retinal scanner, fingerprint scanner, voice analyzer, iris scanner, RFID reader, face recognition scanner, or the geometrical configuration scanner of hand.This device can or need the place of height reliable recognition to be used by the policeman when traffic stops.This device can comprise power supply or battery, biometric authenticating apparatus, state detector, or the voucher authenticate device.This device also can comprise database or arrive the accessing wirelessly of database.Hand-held device also can be communicated by letter with vehicles control module to download biometric information, status information, credential information or daily record.In the exemplary embodiment, hand-held biometric identification device is included in and is the biometric authenticating apparatus of retinal scanner in the exemplary embodiments, itself and the voucher authenticate device coupling that is bar code reader in an exemplary embodiments.Governmental authority as the policeman can be distinguished someone driving license and/or insurance card, and carries out retina scanning.This is installed on is to carry out cross-check to license, insurance card and retina scanning, authenticates with the identity to the individual.This system can also verify voucher according to database, and is current effectively to determine these vouchers, and can with such as the computer interface in the police car, have reason further this individual to be detained determining whether.

Another embodiment of the present invention imagines a kind of system, and this system allows the head of a family to control the vehicles by using biometric identification.For example, the head of a family can use this system to guarantee having only their child can drive car and this car can not lent the third party.Similarly, use the head of a family of this system can check the driving statistical log, as speed, route, stop number of times.By this system is combined with biometrics, the head of a family can guarantee that the people who drives a conveyance is their child.And by using the biometrics that combines with GPS, the head of a family can be so that their child only drives on specific route, as coming and going school.This system can also be reset arbitrarily, or is remotely increased the driving privilege by using PIN (Personal Identification Number), password or remote authorization.This head of a family's control system makes a plurality of " home location " able to programme, and like this, how far the vehicles can be followed the trail of by this system has from each position.Also can " recall " house to the vehicles by sending SMS message or information conveyed to the vehicles.If the vehicles are called back, can retrain the driver and not depart from the circuit of going home.Under situation about departing from, can take different forcing methods, connect as maximum speed limit, the phone that opens to certain telephone number, or require to send answer message and explain the reason that departs from generation.This head of a family's control system also can be coupled with state detector, operates the vehicles to prevent child when drunk or tired.This system also can provide route, speed, the daily record of custom and passengers quantity stops, braking.During specific hour, also can retrain and drive number of times to prevent the driver's operation vehicles.For head of a family's control, this can prevent that child from operating the vehicles in the time of going to school after stopping.Responsible official or other people can be by pre-authorization to allow the strategy exception.Pre-authorization can be by being produced individual voucher input system by the head of a family.

System can at random be connected to the information of computer or wireless downloading to allow to analyze daily record and customization setting.Computer software program can be exercisable, in order to be connected to system, authentication and download message.This information can be analyzed, be published on the webpage, or be used to provide the report of relevant third party's driving habits, as children or employee.

An alternative embodiment of the invention is imagined a kind of system, and this system retrains unique individual's driving privilege by government, police or law enforcement agency.For example, someone can only be allowed to drive when on and off duty, is not subjected to such constraint though these vehicles can be used by other people.Therefore, this system can use biometric verification to carry out specific driving constraint at specific driver.

Another embodiment of the present invention imagines a kind of system, and this system allows to control offering the third-party vehicles.The third party can comprise waiter, service facility, appointment driver, friend or employee.The vehicles can be configured to operate under the ability of constraint, as by limit its speed, acceleration, can travel minute and milimeter number, convertible gear, the position that can go, the annex that can activate, or openable compartment.Can activate time delay waiter button or system retraining, regain the control of the vehicles or use suitable non-waiter's key until the driver who authorizes.Can not require that waiter carries out biometric identification, but the visit vehicles will suffer restraints.Waiter's option also can comprise the limited number of times of extra startup, so if necessary, waiter has the ability of mobile car.If waiter attempts to surpass the number of starts or other constraint, then the vehicles can be set up alarm and remotely notify the designated person arbitrarily, send SMS message as passing through to mobile phone.When this system is used, can sounds or visual alarm is provided.By using PIN (Personal Identification Number) or password, system also can at random be reset.This aspect can combine to guarantee the ease for operation between the driver with biometric identification and/or credential verification.

This system also can be coupled with state detector, wherein state detector is as breathing intoximeter, the scanning of non-intrusion type finger, heart rate monitor, brain activity watch-dog, or other is used to survey the device of driver's situation to drive based on these situations constraints, and the situation of wherein surveying the driver for example is to survey heart attack or tired driver or prevent the road entanglement.

Another embodiment of the present invention imagines a kind of system and method, is suitable for carrying out the driving constraint based on the voucher that biometric verification maybe can be verified.The vehicles can be equipped to based on driver's identity specifies street, path to drive or park in specific parking lot at some.Based on the voucher that biometric verification maybe can be verified, can maximum speed limit by using regulator or other speed control unit.Based on this biometric identification, there is the driver of bad steering history can be required to retrain its speed or route.Similarly, necessary if government determines, driver's voucher can be abrogated, or constraint is set thereon, if violated, then the vehicles will be carried out or keep and/or transmit daily record.

An alternative embodiment of the invention is imagined main override parts, and these main override parts are used by authorized individual, as police, trailer and emergency response facility.Enable when the bio-measurement override parts of the vehicles, then can glisten, sound or with database or warning system radio communication.

Another embodiment imagination of the present invention is equipped with the biometrics device of face shield.This device can be iris scanner, retinal scanner, microphone and/or camera.Face shield has good especially position for this device, because it and driver's distance is fixing usually, can comprise mirror or lamp, can comprise with respect to driver's the height or the rotation or the adjustment of distance, for decorating or antitheft purpose is easy to loading and unloading.When the vehicles are used maybe when driving door and be opened or when sensor detected the fresh driver and entered the vehicles, the biometrics device also can continue to operate.This biometrics device that is equipped with face shield can also be verified to prevent to rob car by guaranteeing the driver.The biometrics device that is equipped with face shield can comprise whole biometrics system or element only, as camera.The logic and the circuit that drive this biometrics device do not need to be positioned at face shield.Face shield also can comprise the series of LED display, is used to indicate the state or the success of biometrics system or total system.Face shield also can comprise LCD, is used for helping to aim at the biometrics device under the situation of retinal scanner, iris scanner, pupil scanner.LCD in the face shield also can show the status information about current driver's and system, and this is especially favourable for improving the existing vehicles that wherein the instrument panel space may be limited.Microphone also can be included in the face shield, to carry out the control that authenticates or be used for system is carried out voice activation.

Another embodiment of the present invention imagines the biometrics Verification System, but this system and alternative such as operating rod, eye tracker or acoustic control manipulation or the such pilot instrument coupling of Ride Control System.This system can comprise fingerprint scanner that is positioned on the operating rod or the retinal scanner that also is used to follow the tracks of ocular movemeut so that except that provide the driver authenticate the control each side of driving.The biometric identification device of voice activation also can be used to traffic tool parts such as wireless device are carried out voice activation.

An alternative embodiment of the invention is imagined a kind of system and method, and this system and method is suitable for during pursuing and attacking or allows biometric verification or credential information wirelessly to be transferred to the law enfrocement official when the vehicles are driven to the roadside.This transmission can be by system encryption, and by hand system or be positioned at the system decrypts of law enfrocement official's the vehicles.By carrying out the biometric scan cross-check to its voucher in the vehicles, the law enfrocement official can download any daily record or check any daily record from system wireless ground, comprise the driver of recent route, speed or the vehicles.This information also can be passed to the center with for further analysis.

Another embodiment of the present invention imagines a kind of system and method, and this system and method is suitable for making that biometric verification and credential information are easy to be communicated between the driver in the vehicle collision incident.This reception and registration helps to prevent that the individual from providing error message, and the accuracy of speed and information is provided.Can wirelessly pass on this information, perhaps can print files and reports from the car inprinter of the system of being assemblied in.Can also with this information wireless be transferred to insurance company or DMV, in order to generate report.

Another embodiment of the present invention imagines a kind of system and method, and this system and method is adapted such that biometric verification and credential information can be received and be stored by the vehicles that relate to hit-and-run accident.In addition, this information can be encrypted with the protection privacy, and can be sent to the law enforcement agency as DMV or police office, and in this law enforcement agency, this information can be decrypted.This system can provide the virtual snapshot of accident or crime scene, promotes location litigant and eyewitness's ability.The police can also return or be parked on the route of previous driving.But can with cipher mode store route or calculation check and, to confirm authenticity.

An alternative embodiment of the invention is imagined a kind of system and method, and this system and method is suitable for preserving previous vehicle driving person's daily record.Information can be stored in the system, be transmitted when particular time interval is touched on the brake by transmission wirelessly, each automobile starting or pin, or is transmitted as vehicles reproducting periods at interval at a fixed time.

As imagination, another embodiment of the present invention also comprises and based on the place that will travel or purpose different individuals is collected different expenses.By using the voucher that can refill of paying to can be used for authorizing specific individual to be driven to certain position and to be driven to other position with high cost with low expense.For example, the working of driving can be collected low expense, but high cost is collected in the bar of driving.This expense can be in the payment of information station independently or is directly presented the bill to driver's account.

Another embodiment of the present invention imagines a kind of system and method, this system and method is adapted such that biometric verification and credential information can be transferred to the waiter or the automated system in parking lot, so that required service to be provided, as senior stop at particular consumer.

An alternative embodiment of the invention is imagined a kind of system and method, and the individual that this system and method is suitable for all are entered the vehicles requires biometric identification and/or credential information.This information can be used for: encourage to use the vehicles in partnership, prevent the act of terrorism by entering specified link based on the constraint of the individual in the vehicles, or come each passenger is charged or it is debted based on passenger's route.

Another embodiment of the present invention imagines a kind of wireless vehicles supervisory system.This supervisory system can comprise that two-way or unidirectional satellite connects.Wireless connections can provide the regular update of license and insurance information.In addition, system can be configured in specific date/time energized or receive radio communication, maybe can be configured to continue monitor.This system also can be by mobile phone, comprise by bluetooth and communicating by letter.Provide wireless renewal to allow system works and need not distinguish effective driving license or insurance card because these information have been stored in the system and with driver's biometric information coupling.In addition, system can receiving target communication, comprises SMS message.This communication can be explained by system, and after preliminary identification authenticity or key change, the operation that is included in the information can be performed, as suppress the vehicles speed, close the vehicles, blow a whistle or bright lamp, or update system, be verified the variation of voucher with reflection, as temporary transient driving license of stopping using.

Another embodiment of the present invention imagines a kind of system and method, is used for piemium rate and driving tax and vehicle driving person's driving quantity and type are connected.Can buy different schemes, comprise unrestricted operational version, limited mileage scheme, single driver's scheme, and comprise different prices some exceed the quata the mile scheme.Can piemium rate be set based on the information in the system of being recorded in.For reaching this purpose, can give insurance company with log transmission, maybe can generate and send summary report.Contained information also can be used for carrying out the driving constraint in the insurance ID card.For example, if the driver has surpassed the mileage on its scheme, this driver can restrainedly must not enter some route.Similarly, can buy rechargeable card and maybe can authorize charge driver account.Driver with low mileage, harmonic(-)mean speed, emergency route, low vehicle flowrate route, or the big driver of its average passengers quantity can be by being rewarded with credit, discount or counting of convertible present.

Another embodiment of the present invention is imagined a kind of wieldy voice response system.This system can provide the prompting that can hear, and comprises that voice recognition is to take orders.When the driver enters the vehicles, the driver can greet in system, and the prompting driver provides its voucher and biometric information.Can carry out cross-check and Query Database.If be proved to be successful, the driver can further be greeted, and can set to pre-set on wireless device or other in-vehicle apparatus, and the vehicles can be enabled.If authentication failed, before the driver was prompted to leave the vehicles, this driver can be provided further trial.If the driver does not leave the vehicles, understand acoustic warning or notify the designated person or the police.

The driver also can require the help about the guidance of route or searching shop.Can present advertisement based on the driver.The reward voucher of businessman can also be provided.For example, can to just along particular course or the individual who seeks drycleaner's within the specific limits an option list is provided, comprise reward voucher.The advertiser can with mean exchange packets draw together good position more or further details senior tabulation and pay.

Yet embodiments of the invention are not limited to automobile.For example, suitable embodiment of the present invention can be used for truck, aircraft, train, water carrier, elevator, subway system, rapid, motorcycle, and other types of transportation.For example in order to be used for outdoor application, as motorcycle, this system can be loaded in waterproof membrane or the box.This system also can be integrated in the instrument panel of motorcycle.The vehicles that this system also can be used for renting are to prevent unauthorized driver.

In above-mentioned any suitable embodiment, when law enforcement needs, when the recognition failures of these the further forms of voucher that maybe can verify as password, key card, maybe when needs authorize with enter charge or when affined road or area, biometric verification may be provided periodically to provide when taking in driving procedure on driver's seat at every turn.

In above-mentioned any suitable embodiment, biometric information can be encrypted and be transferred to local official, transceiver/acceptor unit, or is transferred to satellite, honeycomb or other receiving station, comprises by wireless mode.

The voucher that different stage can be arranged is as the owner, the head of a family, waiter, friend, policeman, trailer or dealer.System can be programmed so that different vouchers is made different responses.Voucher can be assigned with multiple authority levels, and different authority levels can be permitted different actions.For example, the policeman can have high authority levels, its licensed override system or check other driver's daily record.On the other hand, waiter can have low authority levels, and it is licensed drives at low speed and for example retrain it and open the compartment.

System can be configured to directly and the computer interface of the vehicles, or by bluetooth, other wireless protocols or by the ODBC diagnostic port of the vehicles or directly communicate by letter with portfire or starter by interface.

As imagination like that, the present invention embodiment comprise use effective driving license and effectively insurance card come the cross-check biometric identification, to control visit to the vehicles.In one embodiment, the driver enters the vehicles, scans its driving license and insurance card, carries out biometric identification then.The information of system cross-check driving license, insurance card and biometric identification.If cross-check success, car allow to start.In the exemplary embodiment, the information that is stored in driving license and the insurance card can be stored on the tamper resistant smartcard.Can come biometric information is carried out cross-check according to the information that is stored in the smart card, perhaps, in a representational embodiment, biometric information be used as the key that release is stored in the encrypted transport start-up code on the smart card.

As imagination, except that using driving license and insurance card to carry out the cross-check of biometric information, material detector (as breathing intoximeter, pupil dilation/retina scanning instrument apparatus, infra-red detection device) is used to verify that the driver is not subjected to the influence of unauthorized substances.

As imagination, one embodiment of the present of invention are suitable for preventing not have license, do not have the insurance or the drunk driver's operation vehicles.By require the driver verify its have insurance in force, effectively driving license, right and wrong drunk and with insurance card/driving license on physiognomy with, can make road safer.Further benefit is, will reduce the theft to the vehicles when this system of execution, because potential thief is not the driver who authorizes, thereby can not start the vehicles.In addition, the behavior that can diminish crime of this system because the daily record meeting of setting up differentiated exactly with the proof specific people in its vehicles or the some time on specific purpose ground.And, if the vehicles come into the picture in crime, the daily record of the vehicles can be examined with determine whom driver before and after the crime scene is, where they went.In addition, this system will reduce drunk driver, because this system can be configured to prevent that drunk driver from driving.This can finish by using retinal scanner or the biometric scan instrument identical with retinal scanner that is used for initial biometric identification or biometric scan instrument.

System is designed to user-friendly system and easy operating.When someone makes a buy of a car, vehicle sale person will grant its visit, and this can realize by carrying out ownership change order.The initial owner or car dealer for example discern themselves by bio-measurement or retinal scanner to the vehicles, and they are transferred to the new person with ownership to reporting system (preferably by the voice activation order) then.They leave the vehicles subsequently, and the new person enters the vehicles to carry out the recognition of its biometric identification and/or driving license or insurance card.The old possessory right of system-kill and license to the new owner then.

The owner of the current vehicles can also increase new driver.For example, spouse one can increase their important the opposing party.This can verify its biometric information and select increase fresh driver's option (preferably by the voice activation order) to carry out by the current owner.The current owner can also specify the right that will authorize the fresh driver.For example, this right can be confined to specific speed, can retrain whether to be allowed to the fresh driver and to increase other fresh driver, and can select the expiry date of fresh driver's privilege.The fresh driver is sitting on the operating seat subsequently, carries out biometric authentication, and information will be stored in the storer of system.

As imagination, some embodiments of the present invention comprise that using biometric device to reach provides authentication and executing state to test this two purposes.For example, retinal scanner can be used to not only discern whom specific driver is, is used to also confirm that it is not drunk.Under the situation that the individual drinks, the vascular patterns in its eyes may be expanded or change.When the individual is added to the vehicles at first, its retina scanning may be caught its vascular patterns at non-state of intoxication.If it is drunk after a while, its vascular patterns can not be mated the initial vascular patterns of being stored.Therefore, retinal scanner not only can be used for identification, can also determine that the individual is drunk.Similarly, camera and lamp can be used to carry out the pupil dilation test, also write down individual's identity simultaneously.This lamp can be the lamp on ceiling light or the face shield.

Initial biometric information also can be stored on the voucher that can verify.For example, can carry out retina scanning or finger scan at division of motor vehicle or another with authorizing, and it is stored on the voucher.Can carry out cross-check to the voucher of this storage and checking according to biometric information subsequently, wherein biometric information is to have insurance in force for the driver who guarantees the vehicles and driving license obtains when the vehicles start.

Under the situation that is used for head of a family's control, system can be customized according to the head of a family's requirement.In one embodiment, the system identification head of a family's PIN (Personal Identification Number) or password.The driver of any input PIN (Personal Identification Number) mistake will be taken as child.By keyboard, use voice activation order input information on touch-screen display, by on another computer, information being carried out pre-programmed and information is conveyed to system, or by wireless communication link, the head of a family can be provided with the hourage that can drive a conveyance in a day.System is dynamic, and can allow the each side of head of a family's remotely controlled vehicle.Can connect communication linkage, make the head of a family or can long-range execution drive constraint, comprise maximal rate being set or requiring the vehicles to travel along particular course with driver's talk.This can comprise automated driving system, or indication is provided when child departs from route.This system can also make wireless device by Long-distance Control, and perhaps camera is initialised, so that by wireless connections, for example by using network camera, show road and passenger carriage to the head of a family.If the head of a family wishes remote access system, then can require it on phone, to import PIN (Personal Identification Number) or say password.If fetch operation, can require its execution biometric identification or on its computer, input password by the computer chain.In case the head of a family is allowed remote access, it can any function of licensed execution, as it at vehicle interior.

Fig. 1 shows according to driver's card identifying system of the embodiment of the invention and/or prevents that vehicle operator (or driver) from using the block diagram of the system of (or unauthorized use) vehicles.

As shown in Figure 1, system 10 comprises control module (or system controller) 16, biometric authenticating apparatus 12, state detector 14 and/or voucher authenticate device (or sensor) 18.Biometric authenticating apparatus 12 and control module 16 couplings.State detector 14 can be the material acquisition sensor (or sniffer) that is suitable for providing to control module 16 operator's levels of substance.Here, control module 16 is suitable under the situation that levels of substance the operator is higher than permissible level or operator and do not have certified device 12 authentications passing on to the vehicles and drives constraint.

And, in one embodiment of the invention, in acral definite levels of substance of operator, equally also acral the operator is authenticated the acral group of forming by finger, thumb, toe, ear, palm, sole, foot, hand and/or head that is selected from this.

In one embodiment, control module 16 also is suitable for and vehicle communication, if so that certified device 12 authentications of operator and operator's levels of substance is not higher than permissible level, then allow the vehicles to start.In addition, as shown in Figure 1, authenticate device 12 can be geometrical configuration authenticate device, sound authenticate device of fingerprint authenticate device, face recognition authenticate device, hand etc.In one embodiment, authenticate device 12 comprises fingerprint sensor (or scanner), determines operator's levels of substance in the tissue place body in the operator points.

In one embodiment, the material acquisition sensor person's that is suitable for the exploration operation alcohol level.Here, the material acquisition sensor can comprise wideband detector (for example, single photodiode detector), can carry out more detailed description to it below.In addition, describe in detail more as following, the material acquisition sensor can comprise wideband light source and the wavelength filtering system between wideband detector and light source.Wavelength filtering system and broadband light are configured for the light beam to wideband detector guiding specific wavelength band.In the application's context, the specific wavelength band can refer to one or more wavelength, or the wavelength in from a specific wavelength to the scope of another specific wavelength.Alternatively, the material acquisition sensor can comprise diode or diode laser, and it is configured to the light beam to wideband detector guiding specific wavelength band, will describe in further detail below.

Return with reference to figure 1, be suitable for the voucher authenticate device (or sensor) 18 and control module 16 couplings of the voucher of verifying of sense operator.Here, control module 16 is suitable for checking: be complementary by the operator of authenticate device 12 authentications and this operator's the voucher of verifying.As shown in Figure 1, can comprise driving license, RFID label, smart card, credit card, the key ring that comprises infrared adapter and/or subcutaneous implantation by the voucher of verifying of voucher authenticate device sensing.

Fig. 2 shows and uses the process flow diagram of the relevant procedure block of the system of (or unauthorized use) vehicles according to the embodiment of the invention with driver's card identifying system and/or the operator (or driver) that prevents the vehicles.As shown in Figure 2, in piece 21, operator or driver enter the have system vehicles of (for example system 10 of Fig. 1).In piece 22, the driver is to its driving license of system verification.In piece 23, the driver is to the system verification insurance card.In piece 24, the driver carries out biometric identification and material inspection with this system.In piece 25, system cross-check driving license, insurance card and biometric information.If cross-check is unsuccessful, then in piece 26, the control module of system (for example control module 16 of Fig. 1) passes on (or sending) to drive restriction to the vehicles, as the igniting locking.On the contrary, if the cross-check success, then in piece 27, control module and vehicle communication start or mandate igniting (for example, sending the igniting authorization command) to allow the vehicles.Here, the controlled vehicles can comprise the vehicles that are selected from the group of being made up of the part of a part, heavy-duty machinery and the equipment of aircraft, public transport, water carrier, commercial unit.

Fig. 3 shows the biometric device that is equipped with face shield 30 according to the embodiment of the invention.Here, the biometric device 30 that is equipped with face shield can be included in the biometric authenticating apparatus 12 of Fig. 1, and controll block 16 couplings of the hinge by having line 31 and Fig. 1.

As imagination, embodiments of the invention provide the system and method for the enhancing that is used for bio-measurement and/or material detection.In one embodiment, system uses the bio-measurement technology that the people is discerned, and by using in the noninvasive check-up health existence such as the material of alcohol, all near infrared rays in this way of noninvasive technology (NIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, photoacoustic spectroscopy, scattering variation, polarization variations, middle infrared (Mid-IR) spectroscopy and/or arrowband are surveyed.

Embodiments of the invention are imagined a kind of design, and biometric identification that this design is integrated is surveyed these two kinds functions of separating usually, generation additional function and lower cost with material.This system can be easy to be integrated in the existing and following application, so that realize access control, the security of improvement and the operation of equipment/vehicles.

By measuring the spectrum pattern in the near infra red region, can survey the material in the vascular system, this allows the quantitative of material.For example, the material that is undertaken by the non-intrusion type technology is surveyed and can be undertaken by using spectrometer to change with the hydrone of analyzing vascular system.

As imagination, other embodiments of the invention provide a kind of system, and this system comprises to external hardware devices or to the interface of software application.Information can be offered multiple suitable applications and/system, as discussed above and describe in detail more hereinafter like that.When more integrated suitable applications and/or system, this system can provide information to main processing capacity, and this main processing capacity is carried out decision subsequently or calculated.For example, processing capacity can accessing database, determining whether the authorizing individual to enter controlled area, or on the operating function of the equipment and/or the vehicles this people is limited.Processing capacity or system can also notify the third party, as Security Officer, police or keeper, or in database canned data.

As imagination like that, embodiments of the invention are included in key position and sensor are set, information data is passed to processor, and this processor makes an explanation to data and carries out function based on these data, as the restrict access of execution to the people.Under the situation of controlled area visit, system can be installed near door or near the place of other device of controlled access point, wherein other device of controlled access point is controlled the checkpoint as light curtain (light curtain), optical sensor switch, motion detector, gate or people.Under the situation of the operating equipment or the vehicles, sensor is installed in the operator's control panel that is used for equipment or is used for the vehicles, is installed in that control panel (dash) is gone up, on the clutch coupling, or is installed in the zone near the ignition start device of the vehicles.Under the situation of passenger traffic deck or aircraft cockpit, driver on its operating position and copilot are read simultaneously.

In one embodiment, sensor can be coupled to pad or the platform that is used to place hand or finger.For example, use the people of this system to put into mould or cover to its finger.When finger is placed on the device or puts into device, scanning to biometric data will be performed, data can be provided for the process points of separation, in these process points, data and existing database can be mated, and/or in the CPU (central processing unit) of device, mate with local that store or the long-range database that is connected with local mode.In another embodiment, system can discern the people based on biometric information, and has determined whether that material is present in its body.Determine that based on this identification and/or material this system can carry out any function and all functions, as control gate or accessing points, recorded information, require additional information such as PIN (Personal Identification Number) or give user's message.Can use any non-intrusion type scan method to carry out non-intrusion type scanning at any wavelength.Embodiments of the invention can comprise the near infrared spectrum scanner, its be suitable for surveying alcohol for example, as the medicine of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) or known someone be existence, type and the quantity of the glucose under the situation of diabetes.Can analyze then.NIR spectroscopy can be surveyed medicine and alcohol at about 1000nm in the scope of 2000nm.For example, can survey alcohol at the wavelength place of about 1700nm, 1600nm and 1300nm.Other medicine or material that can change people's cognitive ability also can be detected in the limited field of sensor.These results can be used to determine people's cognitive ability, to carry out as the opereating specification of bank custody or such as the equipment of crane or heavy equipment or the function that all needs such as the vehicles of automobile, truck, bus, train or passenger plane.These results also can be stored in the database for further checking, comprise the checking of liquor-saturated or identity.These results also can be sent to the 3rd people for artificial checking, especially at identity or the drunk boundary place that is on close level and is programmed.The combined result of the sensor relevant with his/her cognitive ability with people's identification can be processed so that allow/do not allow visit or the operating equipment or the vehicles.

In another embodiment, can go up and obtain the Returning scattering of light and make it enter beam splitter to carry out scanning simultaneously, this beam splitter can directly feed biometric sensor and/or substance sensor by light source such as NIR light being directed to finger.

In yet another embodiment, two-beam light can be impinged upon on the finger by seal, for the thing measurement function, then near acral; For spectroscopy, the joint that then more approaching finger bottom skin is thin.In another embodiment, the action that finger slides on scanister can provide biometric identification, and light beam such as NIR light can be used to spectroscopy measurements, and this spectroscopy measurements is more carried out near the place in joint in the finger bottom.

In one embodiment, biometric system of the present invention and/or material detection system are small enough to make it can be set at the position being convenient to visit and the key position place on the function, and even as big as accepting based on finger maximum under the 3 σ situations of population distribution.Electronic data interface provides output, as standard USB, Ethernet or serial plug, or is provided for special purpose interface as the specialized application in the automobile of the use OBDC-II interface after 1996.By using bluetooth, scan-data and spectral analysis data can be used for approaching processing unit, perhaps, make scan-data and spectral analysis data can use apart from processing unit by internet such as IP agreement, cellular radio for this locality/length, perhaps, can use commercial available satellite communication such as GlobalStar or iridium satellite to make scan-data and spectral analysis data can use at remote location.Untreated light or data also can for example be transmitted by optical fiber cable, for analyzing at distal sensor or central sensor.In far-end or highly inaccessible application, sensor can be the separate unit that comprises primary processor and the authentic personal information in its local data base.For example in far-end or highly inaccessible application, power supply at the device operation can be by the power supply (+3.3V direct current of host process unit, + 5V direct current ,+12V direct current etc.), by alternating current (100V alternating current, 115V alternating current, 200V alternating current, 230V alternating current etc.), by the battery on the car and/or alternating current charging and/or solar panel charging.

Existence is to be identified as commercial available device purpose, that be used to obtain biometric data.Have available apparatus with some easy to operate form, it can carry out and handle non-intrusion type scanning.The Iso-Chem NIR material analysis system that can obtain from LT industrial group is the portable NIR analyser with Remote triggering test probe.For example, can be in response to the spectrometer of 200-1100nm from the USB4000 that Ocean Optics obtains.For example, can be based on the spectrometer of compact CCD from the SM241 that Spectram Products obtains, it is designed to use to the NIR laser in the 1700nm scope at 900nm.For example, can be in response to portable, the economic spectrometer of 200nm from the OSM-100 that Newport company obtains to 1700nm.The Sugartrac that can obtain from Lifetrac Systems is a non-intrusion type glucose watch-dog.The TouchPrint Enhanced Definition 3000 Live Scan that can obtain from LiveScan Products are that portable biometric is measured scanner and recognition device.

Equally, as imagination, embodiments of the invention provide and have been used for biometric identification is surveyed the method that combines with material.Can carry out this method by using said system or device or any other biometric identification system and any other material detection system.For example, face scanner or retinal scanner can be used in combination with material detector (as breathing intoximeter).At the embodiment that is used for the method for biometric identification and material detection combination, carry out the step of biometric scan and material detection scanning.Can carry out other step, as activating scanning, handling the scanning that scans, relatively scans, sends notice or alarm, activation record device, preserves untreated data or result or execution error inspection or another kind of type.In addition, can carry out the step of checking temperature or pulse, be correct with checking scanning.

Fig. 4 shows the block diagram according to the bio-measurement of the enhancing of the embodiment of the invention and material detection system and device.As shown, provide at one end 120 to have hole so that the cover of the acral insertion of operator (or frame) 100 (for example finger frame).Biometric sensor 210 and substance sensor 220 are included in the cover 100.In one embodiment, the acral group of forming by finger, thumb, toe, ear, palm, sole, foot, hand, head that is selected from.

In addition, biometric sensor 210 and substance sensor 220 are respectively by lead-in wire 300 and biometric device (or authenticate device) 400 and 500 couplings of material sniffer.Biometric device 400 and material sniffer 500 are by lead-in wire 600 and central processing unit (or system controller or control module) 700 couplings.Central processing unit 700 can be coupled with access control processor 800, and this access control processor 800 can be coupled with access control apparatus or interface 900.

With reference to figure 4A, in one embodiment, bio-measurement that strengthens among Fig. 4 and material detection system and device are incorporated among the vehicles 100a.In one embodiment, vehicles 100a is selected from the group of being made up of the part of a part, heavy-duty machinery and the equipment of aircraft, public transport, water carrier, commercial unit.In more detail, vehicles 100a comprises cover (or frame) 100, is used for the acral insertion of operator.

With reference to figure 4B, in another embodiment, bio-measurement that strengthens among Fig. 4 and material detection system and device are incorporated among the clock system 100b.Here, in one embodiment, clock system 100b is suitable for setting up alarm under operator's levels of substance is higher than permissible level or operator and does not have the situation of certified device authentication.In one embodiment, clock system 100b also comprises the clock 101 that is suitable for the time of determining when alarm is set up.And if the operator is certified and material concentration is not higher than permissible level, then central processing unit (or system controller) 700 can be suitable for communicating by letter with the building safety device, visits this building safety device to allow the operator.In one embodiment, if the operator is not certified or material concentration is higher than permissible level, then central processing unit 700 is suitable for communicating by letter with the building safety device, and the operator visits this building safety device with restriction.The buildings access means can comprise the clock 101 that is suitable for the time of determining when the operator is allowed to visit the building safety device.

Fig. 5 shows another embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 5, be used to prevent that the system of the vehicle operator use vehicles from comprising system controller 570, biometric authenticating apparatus 540 and material sniffer 550.Here, system controller 570 is suitable for surveying at least one biometric parameter at the first skin site 560a of vehicle operator (or operator acral) 560, and generates the authentic authentication output of this operator 560 of indication.Here, operator 560 the first skin site 560a is the position (for example, at operator's fingerprint place or the position at operator 560 fingerprint places) that can carry out biometric authentication to operator 560.In addition, material sniffer 550 is suitable near the second skin site 560b exploration operation person's 560 of the first skin site 560a levels of substance and generate horizontal output.

Here, in one embodiment of the invention, survey for two and measure (may close on) skin (or corium) position close to each other that (authentication authorization and accounting and material are surveyed) occurs in the operator.In the context of present embodiment, near and/or close on and can refer to enough closely be different from the test that authentic that people's levels of substance carries out by measurement and cheat so that can get rid of substantially.

In addition, still with reference to figure 5, system controller 570 is operated in response to authenticating output and horizontal output, if so that operator 560 does not have certified or detection output is higher than the allowable value of selecting in advance, the then optionally use of restricting traffic instrument.

In addition, in one embodiment, material sniffer 550 comprises light source and the single wideband detector of hereinafter describing in detail more.Here, the surface (or platform) of the material sniffer 550 that all is coupled with light source and single wideband detector contacts with the second skin site 560b, and have (identical or essentially identical) refractive index corresponding with the refractive index of the second skin site 560b, in order to reduce or eliminate specular light (promptly not penetrating the light of skin).

As embodiments of the invention are contemplated, depend on the path of radiation propagation and at the absorption intensity of composition in this specific sample at each wavelength, the radiation by sample is slackened.Record has produced unique absorption spectrum at this specific sample with the relation of drawing relative absorption intensity and wavelength.

An application of spectroscopy is that non-intrusion type is measured organizational attribution or analyte.A kind of application-specific is: for carrying out non-intrusion measurement to analyte such as alcohol at the screened object of substance abuse.

In tissue spectrum was learned, near infrared ray (NIR) provided significant benefit for measurement.Greater than realizing easily among the NIR of one millimeter optical path length in the treatment window of electromagnetic spectrum.Yet, analyzing on the accuracy of determining (for example alcohol determines), disturbing the influence that chemical substance had is the problem that need solve.In the application's context, the problem of required solution can refer to backscattering and selectivity, and perhaps a kind of method to what extent can be used to determine specific analyte in potpourri or the matrix and the interference that is not subjected to the composition of other similar behavior.

That is to say that main noise source is scattering of light, it does not have the complete characterization of alcohol in the blood.Which floor human skin has: epidermis, corium, hypodermis.Each layer has its oneself absorption characteristic that depends on wavelength and scattering properties.Light experiences forward direction and backscattering when passing skin, interact with blood and spread out of skin.When skin is not when being in constant angle with respect to the illumination and the collection of sample one by one, can produce further complex situations.Also there is relation that part of position of hand.Thereby system should be by using optically-coupled and/or reducing the poor of refractive index and/or reduce or eliminate the amount that the detection that arrival is contained any light of scattering before the tissue of analyte reduces or eliminates the primary light scattering.

In addition, about the detection of the light of reflection after the tissue that arrival is contained analyte, provide the details of feature, structure, concentration or the composition of a large amount of relevant samples from the spectroscopic data of spectral analysis.Spectroscopic data comes from the emission of passing through photon, scattering of surveying and writing down or the variation that absorbs the molecular energy that produces.Especially, the approximately average distance of vibrating back and forth of the atom in the molecular substance.The light absorption of atom on suitable energy causes atom to become and is stimulated, and this is promoted to higher oscillator stage with atom.Atom is excited to excited state and only occurs in some discrete energy level, and this is typical for this specific molecular.Infrared absorption spectroscopy is particularly useful for carrying out this alanysis.In absorption spectroscopy, measure the clean absorption of incident radiation on different wave length.Yet system should be able to survey the level of specific analyte, and can distinguish this analyte and other material that may have similar characteristic.

As imagination, address the above problem, developed NIR reflection coefficient instrument, with light source and the spectrometer of describing in detail more above comprising.This instrument usable range more particularly, is to about 2400nm from about 1400nm to about 1500nm, from about 1650nm to about 1750nm and/or from about 2200nm at the near infrared radiation of about 1300nm to the specific wavelength of about 2400nm.In one embodiment, use is at the specific wavelength band of about 1450nm.These wavelength coverages are very favorable for carrying out the measurement of non-intrusion type alcohol, because they have comprised combination band and frequency multiplication (overtone) bands of a spectrum at a large amount of chemical substances that comprise other organic molecule that exists in alcohol and the tissue.In these wavelength coverages, the NIR spectrum of alcohol has notable attribute owing to the flexible band of the C-H bending of alcohol and other organic molecule and C-H and/or the o-H bending and the flexible combination band of o-H of alcohol and other organic molecule.

When comparing with higher wavelength region may, these wavelength coverages also should less be subjected to the influence of tissue scatter's effect, because the scattering effect of tissue increases with wavelength.This has important implication in tissue is measured, because scattering effect can cause in the human body and the spectrum changeability of essence between human body.

With reference to figure 6, use research grade NIR spectrometer to collect spectrum at 100% alcohol with 1mm sample path of the specific wavelength of 800nm in the 2400nm scope.As gained from Fig. 6, scope is favourable at about 1300nm to the specific wavelength of about 2400nm.And it is especially favourable to the specific wavelength of about 2400nm to about 1750nm and/or about 2200nm that scope arrives about 1500nm, about 1650nm at about 1400nm.

Shown in the data of the research grade NIR spectrometer among Fig. 7, research grade NIR spectrometer can be distinguished in the water 0.10%, 0.08%, 0.06% and 0.04% alcohol on the specific wavelength of about 1400nm in about 1500nm scope.As gained from Fig. 7, the specific wavelength band attracts people's attention especially at about 1450nm.

In addition, as Fig. 8 and shown in Figure 9, research grade NIR spectrometer can be on the specific wavelength of about 1650nm in about 1750nm scope and the alcohol of distinguishing in the water 0.10%, 0.08%, 0.06% and 0.04% on the specific wavelength of about 2200nm in about 2400nm scope.In Fig. 8 and 9, the specific wavelength band attracts people's attention especially at about 1700nm with at about 2300nm.

For the sensitivity of research alcohol, the more important thing is selectivity, sample should be built into and comprise alcohol, glucose, creatinine, urea, water and droplet.Droplet (for example polystyrene droplet) provides the light scattering medium that produces reflected signal, and wherein the intensity of reflected signal is similar to the intensity of erythrocyte.So sample is provided at the condition of imitation blood under the varying environment.Be that the concentration range of the concentration range of analyte of interest of example and the analyte that may disturb reflect the viewed concentration range of target demographic (i.e. the mankind and biology scope) at health with alcohol.So use suitable statistical modeling should be able to reduce the entire scope of the sample of concentration, as the Latin hypercube of appropriate level.Among another embodiment, seven grades of Latin hypercube settings the maximum correlation that provides between the analyte with manageable sample-size is provided.

Then, collect intensity spectrum from samples of different concentrations (or external).The intensity spectrum that subsequent analysis is collected is to determine required wavelength coverage and the wavelength coverage that can be excluded for suitable alcohol analysis.Then, carry out the test to people's (or in body), with statistical modeling and the design of checking about alcohol, model should be surveyed and be low to moderate about 0.05% alcohol in the blood, and accuracy is preferably plus or minus 0.02%, more preferably is plus or minus 0.01%.

The statistical model that is verified that is used to analyze data is provided for the band of sensor subsequently.As contemplated according to one embodiment of present invention, use three nonoverlapping wavelength region may of NIR scope.Each wavelength region may should have 3 to 4 nonoverlapping subbands.In these wavelength bands each has the bandwidth of about 25nm.

Figure 10 A shows the optical material detector configuration according to the embodiment of the invention.In more detail, this detector comprises and is used to provide the have a plurality of wavelength bands light source (collimated broadband IR source) of light beam of (being shown as polychrome light).Light beam is directed into the light filter that is used to separate required wavelength band or specific wavelength band (or subband).Separated light beam is directed into condenser subsequently, and arrive glass platform (or finger frame or forefinger plate) through input optical fibre bundle (or plastic light guide or suitable photoconduction), on this glass platform, place test sample book (as finger or be selected from acral in the group of forming by finger, thumb, toe, ear, palm, sole, foot, hand, head).In one embodiment, the refractive index of glass platform corresponding with the refractive index of test sample book (identical and basic identical) is in order to reduce or eliminate specular light (promptly not penetrating the light of the skin of test sample book).In addition, glass platform can be formed by the thick fused silica glass of 1mm, is preferably to have non-reflective coating.Collected with the collection fibre bundle (or plastic light guide or suitable photoconduction) of glass platform coupling from the light beam of test sample book (for example finger) reflection (or diffuse reflection).Then, using detector to survey from the test sample book diffuse reflection returns and by collecting the light (or light intensity) that optical fiber is collected.

Alternatively, Figure 10 B shows optical material detector configuration in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.In more detail, this detector comprises and is used to provide the have a plurality of wavelength bands light source 1200 of light beam (or a plurality of light beam) of (being shown as a plurality of light).Light beam is directed into test sample book 1210 (for example point or be selected from the group of being made up of finger, thumb, toe, ear, palm, sole, foot, hand and head acral).In one embodiment, light source 1200 has and is used to focus on or the parabolic type or the ellipse reverberator of lead beam.Be suitable for separating the light filter 1220 of required wavelength band (or subband) or specific wavelength band (or subband) from test sample book (for example finger) the light beam process of reflection (or diffuse reflection).Then use detector 1230 (as single wideband detector) to survey the light (or light intensity) that returns and filtered by light filter 1220 from the test sample book diffuse reflection.Therefore, in Figure 10 B, show light filter 1220 and be positioned at range finder 1230 than the position nearer apart from light source 1200.Here, in Figure 10 B, owing to be not filtered (being that light filter 1220 is positioned at the detector end) from the light beam of light source 1200 before reflecting from sample 1210, therefore a large amount of relatively light is directed into sample 1210 and returns from sample 1210 diffuse reflections.

But the light filter that the present invention is not limited among the embodiment of Figure 10 A and 10B is arranged.For example, in order to improve wavelength selectivity and/or in order to reduce signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), embodiments of the invention imagination configuration first light filters (for example light filter among Figure 10 A) are positioned at source ends, and dispose second light filter (as light filter 1220) and be positioned at the detector end.

In one embodiment, light source can be an incandescent source, and as tungsten halogen lamp, xenon arc lamp, mercury-arc lamp, LED and/or diode laser, it has sufficient infrared ray (IR).In one embodiment, before the use narrow bandpass filter is filtered, make light source collimated earlier.The light filter that is suitable for separating required wavelength band (or subband) or specific wavelength band (or subband) can be the some of filter wheel, and this filter wheel can be rotated so that different light filters is placed suitable position.This makes and can collect data from a plurality of wavelength bands.Optical concentrator is used for light focusing is entered optical fiber, and optical fiber is sent to optical texture (for example finger) with light.Collect the optical fiber collection and come from the scattered signal of tissue, and be sent to detector.

Equally, the fibre bundle of various adequate types can be used, as ring-like photoconduction, straight type photoconduction, fork type photoconduction etc.In addition, replace using fibre bundle, the embodiments of the invention imagination is used the photoconduction of other adequate types, as plastic light guide.

In one embodiment, the optical material detector comprises the light source that comprises Halogen lamp LED and the fibre bundle that links to each other with Halogen lamp LED in test sample book (for example zone of test sample book) that be used to throw light on, and the wavelength filtering system of configuration.This wavelength filtering system can comprise the light filter of various adequate types, as interferential filter, bandpass optical filter, absorption filter, dichroic filter, grating monochromator light filter etc.Wavelength filtering system according to an embodiment is configured to range finder (for example single wideband detector) than the position nearer apart from light source.Required wavelength band is reflected back into detector.By comprising the assessment that statistical modeling is analyzed, according to the BAC (BAC) of the legal limits of the operation vehicles being determined test sample book, if BAC not in legal limits, then the vehicles can not use.In one embodiment, statistical modeling is the Latin hypercube of appropriate level.Yet the present invention is not limited only to this.For example, can use any can be used for describing relate in suitable multivariate statistics or multivariate statistical analysis the process set of observing and analyze more than one statistical variable sometime, in the statistics.

An alternative embodiment of the invention provides light source (for example diode laser) of specific (single) wavelength band in infrared ray (IR) or nearly IR wavelength coverage and the wideband detector that is used for the material concentration in the tissue is carried out non-intrusion type and/or body build-in test.This material can be an alcohol, more specifically is ethanol, and tissue can comprise blood of human body.

In more detail, Figure 11 shows the alcohol from 800nm to 2400nm and the light absorption of water.Like this, embodiments of the invention provide the optical means that is used to carry out alcohol screen test in non-intrusion type and/or the body, and this method is utilized alcohol and the water difference on optical absorption, and, because blood mainly is made of water, the alcohol concentration in the blood can be determined.As in all modes of absorption spectroscopy, be used for discerning definitely the chemical mixture of solution in the absorbing amount of specific wavelength.The water of given sample size and alcohol are few at the light of the independent water absorption of the suitable sample size of light ratio of some wavelength absorption.At other wavelength, phenomenon is opposite, will absorb more light as the potpourri of alcohol and water.

As shown in figure 12, can make these measure the multiple technologies of using at several different wave lengths place.In one embodiment of the invention, the wavelength of the wavelength of about 1000nm, the wavelength of about 1310nm, about 1550nm and/or the wavelength of about 1900nm are selected, as the transmittance of the alcohol radioparent zone (or scope) greater than (absorbability less than) water.SPECTRAL REGION at about 904nm, about 1700nm and about 2300nm is also selected, and the transmittance of alcohol is less than the radioparent zone (or scope) of water.

With reference to Figure 13, first advantage that can be used for carrying out the technology of above-mentioned measurement is a types of illumination, is arrowband or broadband.Most of absorption spectroscopy techniques are used white light or wideband light source, and in being to use interferometer or diffraction grating that light " classification " is entered spectrum case (bin).These systems have some common elements and final optical signal detection technology, wherein common element uses optical fiber or direct (Figure 13 and 14) finger and illumination coupling, and final optical signal detection technology is made of linear CCD array or photodiode detector.

In more detail, Figure 13 shows to throw light on and is positioned at left-hand side.Here, illumination is by light source 110a or provide with the optical fiber of far-end light source 110b coupling independently such as bulb, black matrix.On the right side of light source 110a, 110b is collimation lens 130, this collimation lens 130 passes light concurrently or penetrates finger (for example middle finger) 140 and arrives reimaging lens 150, and these reimaging lens 150 focus on " sampling bundle " on optical fiber 120a, the 120b that links to each other with the interferometer of diffraction grating spectrometer or some types.

Figure 14 shows the synoptic diagram according to the finger sensor with complete finger print screen of the embodiment of the invention.Two ports (fiber port) can be used to the optical fiber coupling optical and survey or direct detection (being that wideband detector or InGaAs detector can be directly installed in the port of these two ports), can detect by for example diffuse-reflection factor so that come from the light of light source (for example by another optical port).That is to say, in Figure 14, can be from the second side directed incident beam of first side direction finger of finger, and wideband detector can be configured to measure incident beam and is transmitted through part tissue and is reflected back into that part of of finger first side.And other sensor as temperature sensor, surface contaminant sensor etc., can be installed in the bottom of this unit.

Figure 15 shows the synoptic diagram as the photodiode of imagining according to the embodiment of the invention with trans-impedance amplifier and heat control.The synoptic diagram of photodiode detector has illustrated existing detector system.InGaAs or Si photodiode and trans-impedance amplifier coupling.Detector is a thermoelectric-cooled, whole simultaneously (integral) thermistor monitoring temperature.Yet the present invention is not limited only to this.For example, replace using the InGaAs detector as detector (or pyroscan), other embodiment of the present invention can use PbS detector, PbSe detector, InAs detector, InSb detector, HgCdTe detector etc.

As discussed above, by using the Lambert-beer rule, be commonly referred to the Beer rule, absorption spectroscopy can be used for recognition material quantitatively, shown in following equation:

A (λ_{i}) = - \log (\frac{I (λ_{i})}{Io (λ_{i})} = \underset{k}{Σ} α_{k} (λ_{i}) \cdot C_{k} \cdot d

Wherein, as before the absorption plant and the function of wavelength behind the absorption plant, the logarithm of the amount of substance A and the ratio of intensity I is proportional, itself so that be the function of fullpath and absorption coefficient.This tittle all depends on wavelength, so usual way is to carry out spectral measurement on a plurality of wavelength, and as shown in figure 11, it has covered from 800nm to 2400nm.Yet task at the moment is to use these differences of absorption spectrum to set up can contact the sensing system of surveying alcohol existence in the human body by sense of touch.Because drunk can causing by the alcohol of a small amount of level, for example 0.05% or higher BAC (BAC), therefore the demand of surveying should be to detect such concentration.

In one approach, the interferometry at 2300nm place is used for light is chosen.In this method, movably mirror is used to set up the two-beam interference pattern, and this pattern is being surveyed last Time Created of modulation signal.In one embodiment of the invention, but the imagination alternative interferometer.But in the interferometer of this alternative, the interference figure that space heterodyne spectrometer (SHS) but not time change can produce the spatial variations interference figure, and this spatial variations interference figure is imaged onto on the InGaAs detector array.

In more detail, Figure 16 shows the synoptic diagram of SHS, and wherein optical fiber is used for SHS by optical fiber and " finger seam " coupling.Path length difference is by beam splitter (BS) and grating 1 and grating 2 foundation, and G1 and G2 set up the linear edge pattern respectively on detector.It is the relation of intensity and wavelength that FFT is used for conversion of signals.

Common gloss sample/selection technology is to use the light filter of the light that is designed to transmit specific wavelength.Swiveling wheel or slide block can be used to change when different wave length is sampled light filter in the light path.Figure 18 shows the light filter slide block that can be used to change the light filter in the light path when different wave length is sampled.Alternatively, static light filter can be used for substituting tunable optical filter.Static light filter is a kind of like this light filter, and its transmission wavelength can be changed by changing the voltage that is applied.In both cases, as shown in figure 17, optically-coupled is identical.That is to say that Figure 17 shows and uses light filter adjustable or static state to carry out the gloss sample.Input optical fibre is coupled to light filter with light from finger.After light filter, the light of " selection " is focused on the photodiode detector.

One embodiment of the present of invention comprise the diffraction grating spectrometer.With reference to Figure 19, this spectrometer is shown as the optical fibre light splitting meter, have first mirror (focusing lens), second mirror (collimating mirror), grating (grating), slit (slit, mode stripper), connector (SMA connector) and detector (detector), they all are coupled with optical bench.Here, detector is the linear InGaAs detector array with linear InGaAs photodiode array.Yet the present invention is not limited to this, can use any various suitable spectrometer with high s/n ratio.Here, the broadband filters coupling light source cuvette of the different solutions that is filled with different alcohol concentrations that is used to throw light on.Whole spectrum from 1100nm to 1700nm all are collected, and a part wherein is displayed in Figure 20 and 21.As Figure 21, have shown in the spectrometer data from 1280nm to the 1320nm wavelength coverage, the spectrometer of Figure 19 can distinguish from 1% to 40%, but does not have enough resolution to distinguish from 0 to 1%.That is to say that though realized alcohol-detection, not being accurate to is enough to survey from 0 to 0.1% level, this level can be found in the body of drunk individuality.

In order to improve the sensitivity of system, imagination has mixed type embodiment.That is to say,, select narrow band laser light source as an alternative, use the data of collecting from the broad band source test to be identified in the suitable wavelengths scope of wherein operating in order to increase the sensitivity of system.That is to say that as imagination, embodiments of the invention are included in the diode laser of about 1310nm wavelength band.Here, be used for light source at the diode laser of about 1310nm wavelength band, the NIR optical splitter is surveyed and is also separated alcohol signal.Figure 22 shows full spectrum, the laser illumination of embodiment.Figure 23 shows the NIR spectrometer data, this data presentation alcohol concentration with the relation of the intensity that about 1310nm observes, the invalid but measured value that can intrigue on the statistics.That is to say that the observation of the NIR spectrometer of Figure 22 and Figure 23 is nonsensical statistically.Therefore, need more accurate method.

Like this, when realizing alcohol-detection by the diffraction grating spectrometer of Figure 19, be not accurate to the level that is enough to survey 0-0.1%, this level can be found in the body of drunk individuality.Though not final success, in fact these observations have indicated narrow-band source (or narrow-band light source) and can be used to survey alcohol.

In addition, be appreciated that under the situation of narrow-band source, spectrometer is a noise source.Therefore, in another embodiment of the present invention, spectrometer is replaced by the InGaAs photodiode detector of wideband detector or single 3mm diameter (EO system).The InGaAs photodiode detector of 3mm diameter has very low noise, and is that thermoelectric (TE) cools off.This has set up the very simple detection system that comprises detector and source, and does not need the selection of light.

Use light selection technology, spectrometer and/or the linear photodiode detector array of narrow-band source after the sampling.That is to say, use the monochrome come from laser instrument or monochromator and narrow band light (typically be have only several nanometers wide) sample illumination being considered.Single wideband detector (for example single photodiode detector) is used to measure the amount by the light of sample transmission, and formula calculated below the amount of " absorber material (absorber species) " in the test sample book was used:

I(λ)＝I _o(λ)e ^-α(λ)L

Wherein Io is the incident illumination of sample, and I is observed intensity transmission, and α is the absorption coefficient as the function of wavelength, and L is a fullpath length.The optical detection of sample need be passed illumination sample or the unified standard amount, can use transmission and/or reflection technology according to related sample.

In addition, Figure 24 A, 24B and 24C show the sample method for inquiring that uses arrowband illumination and photodiode detector.Figure 24 A, 24B and 24C show path-length, reflection paths length and the variable path length of passing tissue (for example finger).Collimating optics device and reimaging optical device can be used for making the light that comes from the source to become directional light, and after parallel beam is by sample it are imaged onto on the photodiode.

In more detail, Figure 24 A shows incident beam, and this incident beam is guided to minute surface from light source (lamp), so that incident beam passes that part of fullpath length doubles of tissue.Because scattering of light effect (for example for red blood cell), the direct reflection transmission method among Figure 24 A may not be suitable for blood or finger sample, but this method still can be used for the lower sample of other light scattering (as urine, saliva, water etc.).

Figure 24 B shows and is guided to the incident beam of first side of tissue from light source (lamp), and is configured to measure the wideband detector (for example single photodiode detector) that passes a part of incident beam of tissue from second side of tissue.In Figure 24 B, second side is relative with first side.And because scattering of light effect (for example for red blood cell), this direct transmission method among Figure 24 B may not be suitable for blood or finger sample, but this method still can be used for the lower sample of other light scattering (as urine, saliva, water etc.).

Figure 24 C shows by the second side directed incident beam from the first side direction tissue of tissue, and the wideband detector (for example single photodiode detector) of that part of incident beam that is configured to measure first side of a part of passing tissue and reflected back tissue.In Figure 24 C, for example, because bigger sampling surf zone, even light scattering (for example for red blood cell) is arranged, this diffuse reflection method also may be suitable for blood and finger sample, and also can perform well in the lower sample of other light scattering (as urine, saliva, water etc.).

In addition, in one embodiment, the absorption spectroscopy of narrow-band source is carried out by monochromator, and it is the grating spectrometer with input slit and exit slit in essence.Figure 25 shows the detail operations principle of monochromator.That is to say that in Figure 25, light (A) is focused entrance slit (B) and makes its collimation by curved mirror (C).Collimated light beam is from rotating grating (D) diffraction, and the light beam of dispersion is focused on again by second mirror (E) at exit slit (F).The light of each wavelength is focused the diverse location of slit, and the wavelength that passes slit (G) depends on the anglec of rotation of grating.Though the scanning monochromator of Figure 25 can be used for the alcohol-detection problem, it is unpractical based on the source of the alcohol-detection of the vehicles that its volume and mechanical action make its conduct.

Therefore, embodiments of the invention provide a kind of system and method that is used for the enhancing of alcohol-detection.Here, alcohol sensor uses diode laser as illumination, uses the InGaAs photodiode as receiver.This system is complete or passive substantially, but owing to can make laser instrument adjustable by changing system temperature, the victory that has therefore kept spectrum becomes (agility) property.Near the initial SPECTRAL REGION of 1310nm of selecting, this is because it has a great difference on the absorbability of alcohol and water, and is easy to obtain from being developed to the laser instrument that is used for the communications industry.Diode laser can be made of the diode that is selected from the group of being made up of two heterogeneous laser diodes, quantum well laser diode, distributed feedback laser diode, vertical cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) diode and vertical external cavity surface-emitting laser (VECSEL) diode.

With reference to Figure 26, comprise according to the alcohol sensor device of the embodiment of the invention: be equipped with the thermoelectric (al) cooler (TEC) of the integral body that links to each other with the PID temperature controller and the diode laser of thermistor watch-dog, and the diode laser drive system.In addition, sensor can also be included in diode laser and be used to increase some collimating optics devices and beam spread optical device between the cuvette of fullpath.Here, cuvette is positioned between diode laser and the wideband detector (for example single InGaAs photodiode detector).That is to say that as a comparison, in above-mentioned mixed method, the Fiber Coupled cable that wideband detector is connected to NIR spectrometer inlet replaces.

More detailed, alcohol sensor comprises and is equipped with the whole thermistor and the laser diode of TE refrigeratory according to an embodiment of the invention.Laser diode drive is used for firm power output mode operation laser diode.Laser diode is the AlGaAs laser instrument in the 185.6mm encapsulation, and it is provided at the stable single mode transverse mode vibration at 1310nm nominal wave length place and the CW light output of 10mW.Spectrometer is used to adjust the temperature of laser diode until the output wavelength that realizes 1310nm.Use the TE temperature controller with the precision that is controlled at 0.002 degree centigrade in order to the temperature of safeguarding the laser diode that 1310nm exports.

The general Lenno convex lens of F/1 apart from the 25.4mm diameter of the about focal length of laser diode emitting surface are used to set up parallel beam, and this parallel beam is subsequently by the opal diffusion of two 25.4mm diameters.This has set up nearly lambert (lambertian) light source that diameter is about 10mm.Neutral filter can be used for reducing as required the intensity of illumination.Cuvette fixator by epoxy resin bonding two 10mm together is used to keep water/crude alcohol mixture, and sample path length is 20mm.Two cuvettes all are sandwiched in the cuvette fixator.

After by the sample in the cuvette, collimation/diffused light incides the active surface of the InGaAs photodiode detector of 3mm.The TE cooling of integral body and two gain FET trans-impedance amplifiers are used to measure sample light intensity afterwards.When-30 ℃ of operations, this detector has at the 1310nm place＜2.0 * 10-14W/ (Hz) ^1/2NEP and the susceptibility of 0.9A/W.16 national device instrument DAQ card is used for the output of monitoring detector, and result data is carried out digitizing for further analysis.

Following stand (bench) test has been carried out more detailed explanation to the present invention.Yet the present invention is not limited to these engine bench tests.

When the parts of follow-up engine bench test system change in time with configuration and use on different wavelength, it generally includes laser module (its wavelength can by replacing internal body diodes and follow-uply changing by temperature controlled fine setting), collimating optics device, diffuse optical device, focusing optics, neutral filter, slit, the part that firmly sample is remained in position, with being used for broadband or high performance photodiode detector, two gain FET input trans-impedance amplifier and the ambipolar power supply that stable thermoelectric (al) cooler is worked.

It should be noted that, in engine bench test, need system testing so that sample breaks away from the possibility of moving or changing fully in the absolute position, also need system testing with the extensible beam size, make it suitably surpass the beam sizes (overflowing) that photodiode is known the slit, make that any vibration in the system can not cause change to the intensity that measures.In addition, this becomes in test obviously, and in order to keep stable (nonoscillatory), laser instrument need be common towards " optimum (sweetspot) " at power bracket center operation; And laser instrument need be operated with constant power-mode but not operate with constant-current mode.

Can avoid potential sample cross contamination by use special syringe and beaker at every kind of concentration.Potential variation in the independent sample that causes by thermograde can be by reusing every kind of concentration the same sample amount but not use the larger sized subclass of same sample concentration to avoid.

The concentration of the initial alcohol sample size of preparing changes between the 40%vol at 0.1%vol.Figure 27 shows the intensity transmission of each sample at the 1310nm wavelength band.Initial results shows the correlativity surprising with the Beer rule; Yet the result in 0-0.1% zone (or scope) shown in Figure 28 does not conform to the Beer rule, to such an extent as to and in fact too noisy can not the use.That is to say that the alcohol of the 0-40% that Figure 27 shows at 1310nm is measured.The wrong bar that calculates is for drawing and Yan Taixiao.Yet Figure 28 shows the alcohol of the low concentration with 1 σ mistake bar and measures.These results are not that statistics goes up effectively.

Redesigned sample holder and changed the collimating optics device with set up be not subject to the system of vibration effect after, as shown in figure 29, collected new data.Figure 29 shows significant alcohol measurement on the statistics of 1310nm wavelength band.Unexpected behavior (non-Beer's) at 0.05% place may not be an illusion, and replacing may be real non-linear phenomena.

Data among Figure 29 show the tangible nonlinear response of alcohol to 1310nm laser.This significant effect can be used to discern the alcohol content below 0.1%.Further become more meticulous and be used to clearly distinguish 0% alcohol and alcohol in high concentration (0.1%).Absorptiometry at the second wavelength place will be used to further system and refine.

Although understand potential effect, but owing to, should measure simultaneously for accurately determining same sample at second wavelength in the nonlinear characteristic of 1310nm wavelength band place response in this spectroscopy technology of 1310nm wavelength band place.

Generally speaking, the NIR zone that has illustrated at spectrum, 1310nm place especially, the height non-linear absorption of alcohol can be used to discern the amount of the alcohol that conforms to 0.05% or higher BAC.Some explanation is, in order to improve the quantitative of 0% and 0.1% alcohol is determined, should use second wavelength; In addition, alcohol should have different slightly light absorption in the absorption of this second wavelength region may (scope) with comparing in the 1310nm zone (scope) of using before.Also illustrated and under the situation of not using any smooth dispersion technology, used diode laser to survey the effect of alcohol as narrow-band source.Can use the InGaAs photodiode of two or more diode lasers and single cooling and expansion to constitute " alcohol sensor ", in order to survey in the body and a small amount of alcohol in the solution.

Consider the above-mentioned and contemplated situation in one embodiment of the present of invention, the substance sensor device comprises two laser instruments, a laser instrument is at 1310 wavelength bands, and another laser instrument is at another wavelength band, and these two wavelength bands rise by fiber mix and are coupled.As shown in figure 30, each laser instrument is encapsulated in the butterfly encapsulation of 14 pins with whole optical fiber pigtail.Laser element by laser diode, be used for photodiode, the thermistor that is used for the stabilized lasers actuator temperature and the TEC of the integral body of monitoring laser output.In the fiber optic collimator optical device that " finger slides " located is also included within, with so that incide optical alignment on the finger, use subsequently optical device behind the finger with the parallel beam reimaging on the InGaAs photodiode/preposition amplification system of integral body with integrated temperature control.12 DAC be used for will simulation photodiode output be digitized as can be by " word " of the numeral of any amount of microcontroller/microprocessor access.

More detailed, Figure 30 shows the synoptic diagram of the diode laser of the butterfly encapsulation with whole optical fiber pigtail.Figure 31 shows two diode lasers with tail optical fiber, and each diode laser is in different wavelength.In Figure 31, laser instrument is blended in the single optical fiber by fibre optic mixer.

As imagination, monitored and control by microcontroller according to the whole substance sensor system of the embodiment of the invention.In one embodiment, this system is designed to the device for accurately measuring of GO/NO-GO device rather than BAC.Therefore, this system can also comprise the statistical model that is used to guarantee the device effect.

In addition, consider above-mentioned and contemplated situation, suitable embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of system, and this system is designed to prevent the drunk individual operations vehicles or other device, no matter is car, water carrier, aircraft, bus, heavy equipment or entrance.In addition, suitable embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of antitheft system that is used for.By using bio-measurement finger scan technology, this system is designed to steal deterrence device, in order to prevent the individual operating motor vehicle of unauthenticated.A representational embodiment provides a kind of system, and this system is suitable for verifying at drunk and in fact be exactly the driver of the vehicles by the people of system testing.

In addition, suitable embodiment of the present invention can be applied to rent fleet, to reduce the risk that the driver receives DUI, destroys its vehicles and/or steal in the accident relevant with alcohol.

Other embodiment of the present invention (for example can be applied to aircraft, hijack a plane and/or other suitable flight risk in order to reduce), (heavy construction equipment for example is as Dump Truck, crane, tractor, forklift etc. for public transport (for example bus, locomotive, trolleybus, taxi etc. are the operator of the mandate of regaining consciousness and/or be these vehicles with the operator who guarantees the vehicles), water carrier (for example canoe, freighter, passenger boat, oil tanker, seagoing vessel etc.) and/or commercial unit; Industrial machinery, as any other suitable part of transportation system, big machinery, press and large industry equipment, at these equipment places, people/operator's mistake can cause getting killed and property loss).

In addition, some embodiment of the present invention can be used to improve and/or guarantee the security (for example combining with clock) of buildings.These embodiment use authentication (for example finger print identifying) to allow the individual to enter room in buildings or the buildings, and/or be suitable for comprising survey illegal or controlled substance to prevent the breach of security, industrial accident and other is because of the drunk incident that may cause accident of workman.

More detailed, Figure 32 shows the block diagram according to the system of certain embodiments of the invention, and this system is used for controlling and offers the third-party vehicles, the material concentration of tissue is carried out in-vivo measurement and/or stoped vehicle operator to use the vehicles.Shown in figure 32, system 1000 comprises control module (or system controller) 1016, biometric authenticating apparatus (or fingerprint detector) 1012, material acquisition sensor (or sniffer or alcohol level detector) 1014 and/or identity plate 1018.Biometric authenticating apparatus 1012 is by bus (for example by the I2C common bus) and control module 1016 couplings, and identity plate 1018 is also by bus (for example by the I2C common bus) and control module 1016 couplings.Material acquisition sensor 1014 can be the material acquisition sensor that is suitable for providing to control module 1016 by bus (for example by the I2C common bus) user's (for example third party, people, operator etc.) levels of substance.Here, if operator's levels of substance is higher than permissible level or the operator does not have certified device 1012 authentications, then control module 1016 is suitable for passing on the driving restriction to the vehicles.

Equally, in one embodiment of the invention, in acral definite levels of substance of operator, equally also acral the operator is authenticated the acral group of forming by finger, thumb, toe, ear, palm, sole, foot, hand and/or head that is selected from this.

In one embodiment, control module 1016 also is suitable for and vehicle communication, if so that certified device 1012 authentications of operator and operator's levels of substance is not higher than permissible level, then allow the vehicles to start.

In one embodiment, material acquisition sensor 1014 person's that is suitable for the exploration operation alcohol level.Here, material acquisition sensor 1014 can comprise wideband detector (for example single photodiode detector).In addition, the material acquisition sensor can comprise diode laser, and it is configured to the light beam to wideband detector guiding specific wavelength.

In addition, Figure 32 shows, control module 1016 and user number counting switch, program mode switch, calibration mode switch and display-coupled, identity plate 1018 and vehicles bus and the coupling of other communication tool system.

Figure 33 shows the process flow diagram according to the procedure block of the system logic of certain embodiments of the invention, and wherein system logic is used to control and offers the third-party vehicles, the material concentration of tissue is carried out in-vivo measurement and/or prevented that vehicle operator from using the vehicles.As shown in figure 33, system logic can be with calibration mode or operational mode operation.Under calibration mode, system logic determines whether calibration switch is connected.If calibration switch is connected, in piece 1021, system logic explicit user counter switch numbering (it can change).In piece 1022, system logic reads the user number counting identification number.In piece 1023, system logic inquiry finger sensor identifies and it is stored in the permanent storage (as EEprom).In piece 1024, system logic reads the alcohol-detection sensor and with the reference as user (as third party, people, operator etc.) in permanent storage of the content stores that reads, and returns operational mode in piece 1025.

Under operational mode, system logic query fingerprints sensor in piece 1031.Here, if user's finger not on fingerprint sensor, then system logic turns back to piece 1031.If user's finger is positioned on the fingerprint sensor, then in piece 1032, system logic is determined user ID from permanent storage.

Then, system logic determines whether to identify this user.If unidentifiedly go out this user, then in piece 1033, system logic can not be worked the vehicles.If identify this user, then in piece 1034, system logic starts alcohol-detection.

If surpass the BAC restriction,, system logic whether connects so determining system's override.If system's override is not connected, then system logic moves to piece 1033, and the vehicles can not be worked.On the contrary, if system's override is connected or do not surpass the BAC restriction, then in piece 1035, system logic is charged to daily record with data, and the vehicles can be started.

Figure 34 shows the block diagram according to another system of certain embodiments of the invention, and this system is used to control and offers the third-party vehicles, the material concentration of tissue is carried out in-vivo measurement and/or prevented that vehicle operator from using the vehicles.As shown in figure 34, system 2000 comprises control module (or system controller) 2016, biometric authenticating apparatus (or fingerprint detector) 2012, material acquisition sensor (or sniffer or alcohol level detector) 2014 and/or identity plate 2018.Biometric authenticating apparatus 2012 is by bus (for example by the I2C common bus) and control module 2016 couplings, and identity plate 2018 is also by bus (for example by the I2C common bus) and control module 2016 couplings.Material acquisition sensor 2014 can be to be suitable for providing the material acquisition sensor of user's (for example third party, people, operator etc.) levels of substance by bus to control module 2016, and wherein bus has first laser instrument control order wire (laser instrument #1-control), second laser instrument is controlled order wire (laser instrument #2-control), detector order wire (detector output), the first temperature communications line (temperature #1), the second temperature communications line (temperature #2).Here, if operator's levels of substance is higher than permissible level or the operator does not have certified device 2012 authentications, then control module 2016 is suitable for passing on the driving restriction to the vehicles.

In addition, in one embodiment of the invention, in acral definite levels of substance of operator, equally also acral the operator is authenticated the acral group of forming by finger, thumb, toe, ear, palm, sole, foot, hand and/or head that is selected from this.

In one embodiment, control module 2016 also is suitable for and vehicle communication, if so that certified device 2012 authentications of operator and operator's levels of substance is not higher than permissible level, then allow the vehicles to start.

In one embodiment, material acquisition sensor 2014 person's that is suitable for the exploration operation alcohol level.Here, material acquisition sensor 2014 can comprise aforesaid wideband detector (for example single photodiode detector).In addition, the material acquisition sensor can comprise first diode laser, and it is configured to guide to wideband detector the light beam of first specific wavelength, and second diode laser, and it is configured to guide to wideband detector the light beam of second specific wavelength.Here, wideband detector can pass through 16 analog/digitals (A/D) interface coupling of detector order wire (detector output) and control module 2016; First diode laser can be coupled by I/O (I/O) interface of first laser instrument control order wire (laser instrument #1-control) with control module 2016, and by 16 the A/D interface couplings of the first temperature communications line (temperature #1) with control module 2016; Second diode laser can be coupled by the I/O interface of second laser instrument control order wire (laser instrument #2-control) with control module 2016, and by 16 the A/D interface couplings of the second temperature communications line (temperature #2) with control module 2016.

In addition, Figure 34 shows, system controller 1010 and user number counting switch, program mode switch, calibration mode switch, waiter's mode switch and display-coupled, identity plate and vehicles bus and the coupling of other communication tool system.

Figure 35,36,37 and 38 show the process flow diagram according to the procedure block of the system logic of certain embodiments of the invention, and wherein system logic is used to control and offers the third-party vehicles, the material concentration of tissue is carried out in-vivo measurement and/or prevented that vehicle operator from using the vehicles.As shown in figure 35, system logic has major cycle 3000, and this major cycle 3000 can be with calibration mode 3100, operational mode 3300 or 200 operations of waiter's mode 3.Shown in the major cycle 3000 of Figure 35, system logic determines whether calibration switch is connected.Shown in Figure 35 and 36, if calibration switch connect, then system logic by in piece 3121 at first the explicit user counter switch number (it can change) and enter calibration mode 3100.With reference to Figure 36, in piece 3122, system logic reads the user number counting identification number.In piece 3123, system logic inquiry finger sensor sign.In piece 3124, system logic reads the alcohol-detection sensor.System logic determines subsequently whether program switch is pressed.If program switch is pressed, then in piece 3125, system logic with fingerprint and alcohol-detection value be stored in permanent storage, read in the position pointed (as the EEprom position) by counting, and in piece 3126, return major cycle 3000.

Return with reference to Figure 35, in major cycle 3000, if calibration switch is not switched on, then system logic can determine whether waiter's switch is connected.As Figure 35 and shown in Figure 37, if waiter's switch connection, then the maximal rate of system logic by the vehicles are set in piece 3141 enters waiter's mode 3 200 to per hour 10 miles (MPH), the vehicles can be started, and return major cycle 3000.

Return with reference to Figure 35, in major cycle 3000, if waiter's switch is not switched on, then in piece 3001, system logic is understood the query fingerprints sensor, and whether definite finger is placed on the fingerprint sensor.With reference to Figure 35 and Figure 38, if user's finger on fingerprint sensor, then in piece 3332, system logic is determined user's sign from permanent storage.

Then, system logic determines whether to identify this user.If unidentifiedly go out this user, then in piece 3333, system logic can not be worked the vehicles.If identify this user, then logic starts alcohol-detection.That is to say that in piece 3351, system logic is connected first laser instrument, in piece 3352, provide and wait for time delay (for example from about 2ms to about 3ms).In piece 3353, system logic is carried out digitizing to the detector output sample, and some samples (for example about 10 samples) are averaged, to store the mean value of this first laser instrument.In addition, as shown in figure 38, in piece 3354, system logic is connected second laser instrument, in piece 3355, provides and waits for time delay (for example from about 2ms to about 3ms).In piece 3356, system logic is carried out digitizing to the detector output sample subsequently, and some samples (for example about 10 samples) are averaged, to store the mean value of this second laser instrument.

Next, as shown in figure 38, system logic determines that whether the value of the value of first laser instrument or second laser instrument is greater than the BAC threshold value.If do not surpass the BAC threshold value, then system logic is returned major cycle 3000 subsequently.If surpass the BAC threshold value, system logic and then determine whether to surpass the BAC restriction then.If surpass the BAC restriction, system logic determines whether system's override is connected.If system's override access failure, then system logic moves on to piece 3333 so that the vehicles can not be worked.On the contrary, if system's override is switched on or do not surpass the BAC restriction, then in piece 3335, system logic is charged to daily record with data, and the vehicles can be started, and returns major cycle 3000.

Return with reference to Figure 35, in major cycle 3000, if finger not on fingerprint sensor, then system logic determines that whether value from the temperature sensor of first laser instrument is greater than first threshold.If should value greater than first threshold, then the system logic TEC that connects first laser instrument cools off first laser instrument.If this value is not more than first threshold, then system logic determines that whether value from the temperature sensor of second laser instrument is greater than second threshold value.If should value greater than second threshold value, then the system logic TEC that connects second laser instrument cools off second laser instrument.If this value is not more than second threshold value, then return the starting point of major cycle 3000.

Consider foregoing, embodiments of the invention provide the light source of specific wavelength band, are used for the material concentration in the tissue is carried out non-intrusion type and/or body build-in test; Provide two or more specific wavelength bands to be used for non-intrusion type and/or substance in vivo analysis; Provide and read substantially and reading subsequently, the material concentration in the tissue is compared and/or determine; Biometric sensor and substance sensor are coupled in immediate position, with simultaneously and/or authenticate substantially simultaneously with material and assess; And/or be provided for the method and system of the vehicles that control offers third party (as waiter).In one embodiment of the invention, the optical material detector comprises the light source (for example Halogen lamp LED) and the fibre bundle that links to each other with Halogen lamp LED of the test sample book (for example zone of test sample book) that is used to throw light on, and the wavelength filtering system of configuration.Desirable wavelength band is reflected back into detector.By comprising the assessment that statistical modeling is analyzed, according to the BAC (BAC) of the legal limits of the operation vehicles being determined test sample book, if BAC not in legal limits, then the vehicles can not be worked.

Be appreciated that from foregoing various 26S Proteasome Structure and Function as described herein can be merged in the multiple instrument (for example imaging device, supervising device etc.), and may be implemented in a variety of ways.The different embodiment of imaging device and/or supervising device can comprise multiple hardwares and software processes parts.In certain embodiments, hardware component can be used for realizing described parts or circuit as processor, controller, state machine and/or logical device.In certain embodiments, can be used for realizing one or more the operation described or parts as the software on one or more treating apparatus, carried out or the code of firmware.

Though described the present invention in conjunction with some exemplary embodiments, but be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, and antithesis, the present invention is intended to cover various modifications included in the spirit and scope of the appended claims and of equal value the arrangement, and equivalent.

Claims

1. one kind is used to control the system that offers the third-party vehicles, and this system comprises:

System controller;

Pattern indicating device with the system controller coupling;

Authenticate device with the system controller coupling;

Wherein, the driver who is authorized at the pattern indicating device activates and when driver's deactivation that this pattern indicating device is authorized to, and system controller is suitable for passing on to the vehicles drives constraint;

Wherein, system controller is suitable for the activation and the deactivation of restriction mode indicating device, removes the unauthorized certified device authentication of driver;

Wherein, drive constraint and comprise the restriction that is selected from by in the following group of forming: start restricted number, speed limit, acceleration limit, the number of minutes restriction, distance limit, gear restriction, position limit and combination thereof.

2. system according to claim 1 comprises also and the material sniffer of system controller coupling that it is suitable for providing third-party levels of substance to system controller.

3. system according to claim 2, wherein system controller also is suitable for and vehicle communication, if so that third-party levels of substance is not higher than permissible level, then allows to start the vehicles.

4. system according to claim 3 is if wherein system controller is suitable for also that third-party levels of substance is higher than permissible level then passes on another to drive constraint to the vehicles.

5. system according to claim 4, wherein drive constraint and comprise that the vehicles bus that is suitable for by the vehicles is sent out the order with the maximal rate of restricting traffic instrument, wherein, described another driven constraint and comprised that the vehicles bus that is suitable for by the vehicles is sent out the order with the instrument start-up that blocks the traffic.

6. system according to claim 2, wherein the material sniffer comprises wideband detector.

7. system according to claim 6, wherein the material sniffer also comprises light source, it is configured to the light beam to wideband detector guiding specific wavelength band.

8. system according to claim 7, wherein the specific wavelength band is in about 1300nm arrives the scope of about 2400nm.

9. system according to claim 8, wherein said scope is selected from the group of being made up of following scope: first scope from about 1400nm to about 1500nm, second scope from about 1650nm to about 1750nm, the 3rd scope from about 2200nm to about 2400nm.

10. system according to claim 7, wherein the specific wavelength band is at about 1450nm.

11. system according to claim 7, wherein wideband detector is a single detector.

12. system according to claim 11, wherein single detector is the InGaAs detector.

13. system according to claim 2, wherein the material sniffer comprises wideband detector, to wideband detector first light beam guiding, the first specific wavelength band, and to wideband detector second light beam guiding, the second specific wavelength band.

14. system according to claim 13, wherein the first specific wavelength band is such wavelength: at this wavelength place, the absorbability of alcohol is less than the absorbability of water; The second specific wavelength band is such wavelength: at this wavelength place, the absorbability of alcohol is greater than the absorbability of water.

15. system according to claim 13, wherein wideband detector is a single detector.

16. system according to claim 15, wherein single detector is the InGaAs detector.

17. system according to claim 13, wherein in the scope of about 1500nm, the second specific wavelength band is in about 1650nm arrives the scope of about 1750nm to the first specific wavelength band at about 1400nm.

18. system according to claim 13, wherein in the scope of about 1500nm, the second specific wavelength band is with in about 2200nm arrives the scope of about 2400nm to the first specific wavelength band at about 1400nm.

19. system according to claim 2, wherein the material sniffer comprises wideband detector, to wideband detector first light beam guiding, the first specific wavelength band, to wideband detector second light beam guiding, the second specific wavelength band, and to wideband detector the 3rd light beam guiding, the 3rd specific wavelength band.

20. system according to claim 19, wherein wideband detector is a single detector.

21. system according to claim 19, wherein the first specific wavelength band is in about 1400nm arrives the scope of about 1500nm, in the scope of about 1750nm, the 3rd specific wavelength band is in about 2200nm arrives the scope of about 2400nm to the second specific wavelength band at about 1650nm.

22. system according to claim 21, wherein the first specific wavelength band is at about 1450nm.

23. system according to claim 19 also comprises light source, it is configured for provides first light beam, second light beam and the 3rd light beam.

24. system according to claim 23 also comprises the filtering system between light source and wideband detector, this filtering system is suitable for providing to wideband detector first light beam, second light beam and the 3rd light beam of first, second and the 3rd specific wavelength band.

25. system according to claim 2, wherein the material sniffer comprises: be selected from the single wideband detector in the group of being made up of PbS detector, PbSe detector, InAs detector, InGaAs detector, InSb detector, HgCdTe detector, and be suitable for the light source to the light beam of this single wideband detector guiding specific wavelength.

26. system according to claim 25 also comprises the wavelength filtering system between light source and single wideband detector, this wavelength filtering system is suitable for providing to this single wideband detector the light beam of specific wavelength band.

27. system according to claim 26, its medium wavelength filtering system are positioned at the single wideband detector of distance than the position nearer apart from light source.

28. system according to claim 26, also comprise the platform that all is coupled with light source and single wideband detector, wherein this platform is configured for the acral surface of operator and contacts, and has the refractive index that equates substantially with the refractive index on the acral surface of operator.

29. system according to claim 2, wherein the material sniffer comprises wideband detector; Diode laser, it is configured to the light beam to wideband detector guiding specific wavelength.

30. system according to claim 29, wherein certain wavelengths is at about 1310nm.

31. system according to claim 30, wherein wideband detector is single photodiode detector.

32. system according to claim 2, wherein the material sniffer comprise wideband detector, be configured to wideband detector guide the light beam of first specific wavelength first diode laser, be configured to guide second diode laser of the light beam of second specific wavelength to wideband detector.

33. system according to claim 32, wherein first specific wavelength is such wavelength: at this wavelength place, the absorbability of alcohol is less than the absorbability of water; Second specific wavelength is such wavelength: at this wavelength place, the absorbability of alcohol is greater than the absorbability of water.

34. system according to claim 2, wherein the material sniffer comprise wideband detector, be configured to wideband detector guide the light beam of first specific wavelength first diode laser, be configured to wideband detector guide the light beam of second specific wavelength second diode laser, be configured to guide the 3rd diode laser of the light beam of the 3rd specific wavelength to wideband detector.

35. system according to claim 1 wherein drives constraint and also comprises another restriction that is selected from by in the following group of forming: the restriction of the part that can activate, the restriction in openable compartment, and combination.

36. system according to claim 35, wherein control panel also is suitable for sending message to mobile phone under the situation that surpasses restriction, with the remote notification designated person.

37. system according to claim 36, wherein control panel also is suitable for: when the driver who authorizes regains control to the vehicles, under the situation that surpasses restriction, set up alarm to notify the driver of this mandate.

38. system according to claim 1, wherein the third party is waiter.