[go: up one dir, main page]

CN101415518A - High-performance friction stir welding tools - Google Patents

High-performance friction stir welding tools Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN101415518A
CN101415518A CNA2007800119733A CN200780011973A CN101415518A CN 101415518 A CN101415518 A CN 101415518A CN A2007800119733 A CNA2007800119733 A CN A2007800119733A CN 200780011973 A CN200780011973 A CN 200780011973A CN 101415518 A CN101415518 A CN 101415518A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
described material
gross weight
mentioned
hard particles
carbide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CNA2007800119733A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
效融·斯科特·刘
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bamboo Engineering Company Limited
Original Assignee
Genius Metal Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Genius Metal Inc filed Critical Genius Metal Inc
Publication of CN101415518A publication Critical patent/CN101415518A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
    • B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
    • B23K20/1255—Tools therefor, e.g. characterised by the shape of the probe
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10—Sintering only
    • B22F3/1017—Multiple heating or additional steps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/22—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
    • B23K35/3601—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest with inorganic compounds as principal constituents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/07—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on cobalt
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C27/00—Alloys based on rhenium or a refractory metal not mentioned in groups C22C14/00 or C22C16/00
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
    • C22C29/005—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides comprising a particular metallic binder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
    • B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

Friction stir welding tools are made of a hardmetal including hard particles having a first material and a binder matrix having a second, different material.

Description

High-performance friction stir welding tools
It is the priority of " high-performance friction stir welding tools " and the U.S. Provisional Application 60/764,003 submitted on January 31st, 2006 that the application requires exercise question.
The application also requires the priority of following patent application and is their part continuation application:
Exercise question is for " being used for the Hardmetal materials that high temperature is used " and in 11/507 of submission on August 21st, 2006,928, this application has required the priority of the U.S. Provisional Application 60/710,016 that exercise question submits to for " being used for the Hardmetal materials that high temperature is used " and on August 19th, 2005;
Exercise question is for " being used for the Hardmetal materials that high temperature is used " and in the PCT/US2006/032654 of submission on August 21st, 2006; And
Exercise question be " high-performance rigid alloy material " and on March 15th, 2005 submit to 11/081,928, U.S.'s publication No. of this application is US 2005-0191482-A1.
The content that above-mentioned patent application and patent are announced is by reference in conjunction with the part as the application's specification.
Background of invention
The application relates to hard alloy composition, their technology of preparing and relevant application.
Carbide alloy comprises various composites, and to be designed to specially be hard and infusibility, and shows strong wearability.The example of widely used carbide alloy comprises the combination of carbide or carbonitride or these materials of sintering or carburizing.Some are called ceramic-metallic carbide alloy, can comprise the treated ceramic particle (for example TiC) that uses the metal adhesive particle bond in it is formed.In technical literature, put down in writing the composition of some carbide alloy.For example, at world's dictionary of the carbide alloy of Brookes and handbook (Brookes ' World Dictionary and Handbook ofHardmetals), sixth version, international carbide data, Britain have published comprehensively compiling of hard alloy composition in (1996).
Carbide alloy can be used for various application.The boring bar tool that exemplary application comprises the cutting element, wire-drawing die, the cutter that are used for cutting metal, stone and other hard material, is used to cut the mining tool of coal and various ore and rock and is used for oil and other boring is used.In addition, these carbide alloy can also be used to make up shell and the outer surface or the operation maybe specific (special) requirements of this device operating environment condition of layer to satisfy this device of various devices.
Many carbide alloy can form by following method: at first carbide or the carbonitride particle with hard infusibility is dispersed in the binder substrate, then compacting and sintered mixture.This sintering method allows binder substrate bonded particulate, and the carbide alloy that obtains with formation of compressed mixture.Hard particles is to the hard of the carbide alloy that obtains and performance infusibility plays a major role.
Summary of the invention
The application has described the design of the relevant FSW system of friction stir welding (FSW) head and these agitating friction soldering tips of use.In each embodiment, the FSW head can comprise pin (pin) and shoulder (shoulder), pin and shoulder engagement.Described plumb joint and handle engagement, handle is fixed on the rotor again.In welding process, rotor makes the handle rotation, and described handle makes the rotation of FSW head.In operation, the FSW head that rotates is pressed onto on the interface of two metalworks that will be welded together, and along Interface Moving.Pin directly contacts to weld them together with two metalworks with shoulder.In some embodiments, pin and shoulder are made by the Hardmetal materials described in the application.In other embodiments, the surface of pin and shoulder can be made by the material described in the application, and the interior section of pin and shoulder can be made from a variety of materials.Show high hardness and toughness under the high temperature that various materials described here are sold and shoulder is experienced in the friction stir welding process, therefore can be used to construct described FSW head.
For example, the friction stir welding tools head described in the application comprises shoulder and the pin that meshes with shoulder.At least a portion of in shoulder and the pin each comprises the material described in the application.This material can comprise at least: (1) first kind of material, described first kind of material comprise at least a of at least a carbide, at least a nitride, at least a boride and at least a silicide or combination; (2) second kinds of materials, described second kind of material, first kind of material of bonding and comprise mixture, nickel-based superalloy or the rhenium of mixture, nickel-based superalloy, nickel-based superalloy and rhenium of rhenium, rhenium and cobalt and the mixture of cobalt.Second kind of material can also comprise Mo, W, Ta or Cr.State on the implementation in the process of embodiment, first kind of material can comprise at least and be selected from least a TaC, HfC, NbC, ZrC, TiC, WC, VC, Al 4C 3, ThC 2, Mo 2C, SiC and B 4At least a carbide of C, or be selected from least a nitride of at least a HfN, TaN, BN, ZrN and TiN, or be selected from least a HfB 2, ZrB 2, TaB 2, TiB 2, NbB 2At least a boride with WB.
Following Hardmetal materials comprises the material that contains hard particles and binder substrate, and wherein hard particles contains first kind of material, and binder substrate contains second kind of different material.With described hard particles on three-dimensional with basically uniformly mode be scattered in the binder substrate.The first kind of material that is used for hard particles for example can comprise, based on the material of tungsten carbide, based on the material of titanium carbide, the material of combination of mixture, other carbide, nitride, boride, silicide and these materials based on tungsten carbide and titanium carbide.The second kind of material that is used for binder substrate can comprise, wherein, and the mixture of the mixture of the mixture of rhenium, rhenium and cobalt, nickel-based superalloy, nickel-based superalloy and rhenium, nickel-based superalloy, rhenium and cobalt and these materials that mix with other material.Tungsten also can be as the binder substrate material in the Hardmetal materials.Nickel-based superalloy can be in γ-γ ' metallographic.
In various embodiments, for example, the volume of second kind of material can be about 3% to about 40% of material cumulative volume.Use for some, binder substrate can comprise 25% rhenium of the gross weight of the binder substrate that is equal to or greater than final material.For other application, second kind of material can comprise Ni base superalloy.Ni base superalloy can comprise Ni and other element such as Re to be used for some application.
According to an embodiment, the preparation of the application's Hardmetal materials can following method be carried out: agglomerated material mixture under vacuum condition, and under by the gas medium applied pressure, carry out solid-phase sintering.Can also use hot spray process that this carbide alloy is applied from the teeth outwards to form any of hard alloy coating and cemented carbide structure.
The advantage that is produced by each embodiment of described Hardmetal materials can comprise one or more in following: the hardness of good generally hardness, raising at high temperature and the anticorrosive and non-oxidizability of raising.
Various specific embodiments described in the application are summarized as follows.First group of 265 specific embodiment is as follows.
1. material, it comprises:
Hard particles with first kind of material; With
Binder substrate with second kind of different materials, the volume of described second kind of material be described material cumulative volume about 3% to about 40%, described binder substrate comprises 25% the rhenium of its amount greater than the gross weight of described material, wherein said hard particles on three-dimensional with basically uniformly mode be scattered in the described binder substrate.
2. as above-mentioned the 1st or following the 14th described material, wherein said first kind of material comprises the carbide of tungstenic.
3. as above-mentioned the 2nd described material, wherein said carbide comprises carbonization one tungsten (WC).
4. as above-mentioned the 2nd described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises the another kind of carbide with the metallic element that is different from tungsten.
5. as above-mentioned the 4th described material, wherein said metallic element is titanium (Ti).
6. as above-mentioned the 4th described material, wherein said metallic element is tantalum (Ta).
7. as above-mentioned the 4th described material, wherein said metallic element is niobium (Nb).
8. as above-mentioned the 4th described material, wherein said metallic element is vanadium (V).
9. as above-mentioned the 4th described material, wherein said metallic element is chromium (Cr).
10. as above-mentioned the 4th described material, wherein said metallic element is hafnium (Hf).
11. as above-mentioned the 4th described material, wherein said metallic element is molybdenum (Mo).
12. as above-mentioned the 2nd described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises nitride.
13. as above-mentioned the 2nd or 12 described material, wherein said nitride comprises TiN, ZrN, VN, NbN, TaN or HfN.
14. a material, it comprises:
The hard particles that comprises first kind of material, described first kind of material comprises nitride; With
The binder substrate that comprises second kind of different materials, the volume of described second kind of material be described material cumulative volume about 3% to about 40%, described binder substrate comprises rhenium, wherein said hard particles on three-dimensional with basically uniformly mode be scattered in the described binder substrate.
15. as above-mentioned the 14th described material, wherein said nitride comprises TiN, ZrN, VN, NbN, TaN or HfN.
16. as above-mentioned the 1st described material, wherein said binder substrate also comprises cobalt (Co).
17. a material, it comprises:
The hard particles that comprises first kind of material; With
The binder substrate that comprises second kind of different materials, the volume of described second kind of material be described material cumulative volume about 3% to about 40%, described binder substrate comprises rhenium and nickel (Ni), wherein said hard particles on three-dimensional with basically uniformly mode be scattered in the described binder substrate.
18. a material, it comprises:
The hard particles that comprises first kind of material; With
The binder substrate that comprises second kind of different materials, the volume of described second kind of material be described material cumulative volume about 3% to about 40%, described binder substrate comprises rhenium and molybdenum (Mo), wherein said hard particles on three-dimensional with basically uniformly mode be scattered in the described binder substrate.
19. a material, it comprises:
The hard particles that comprises first kind of material; With
The binder substrate that comprises second kind of different materials, the volume of described second kind of material be described material cumulative volume about 3% to about 40%, described binder substrate comprises rhenium and iron (Fe), wherein said hard particles on three-dimensional with basically uniformly mode be scattered in the described binder substrate.
20. a material, it comprises:
The hard particles that comprises first kind of material; With
The binder substrate that comprises second kind of different materials, the volume of described second kind of material be described material cumulative volume about 3% to about 40%, described binder substrate comprises rhenium and chromium (Cr), wherein said hard particles on three-dimensional with basically uniformly mode be scattered in the described binder substrate.
21. a material, it comprises:
The hard particles that comprises first kind of material; With
The binder substrate that comprises second kind of different materials, the volume of described second kind of material be described material cumulative volume about 3% to about 40%, described binder substrate comprises rhenium and Ni base superalloy, wherein said hard particles on three-dimensional with basically uniformly mode be scattered in the described binder substrate.
22. as above-mentioned the 21st described material, wherein said binder material also comprises cobalt.
23. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles with first kind of material, described first kind of material has at least a mixture that is selected from following (1) to (3): the mixture of (1) WC, TiC and TaC, (2) mixture of WC, TiC and NbC, (3) WC, TiC, at least a mixture with TaC and NbC, and (4) WC, TiC, with at least a mixture of HfC and NbC; With
Binder substrate with second kind of different materials, the volume of described binder substrate be described material cumulative volume about 3% to about 40%, described binder substrate comprises rhenium, wherein said hard particles on three-dimensional with basically uniformly mode be scattered in the described binder substrate.
24. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles with first kind of material, described first kind of material comprises at least a material that is selected from following (1) to (4): (1) WC, TiC and TaC, (2) WC, TiC and NbC, (3) WC, TiC, at least a with TaC and NbC, and (4) WC, TiC, at least a with HfC and NbC; With
The binder substrate that comprises second kind of different materials, the volume of described binder substrate be described material cumulative volume about 3% to about 40%, described binder substrate comprises rhenium and Ni base superalloy, wherein said hard particles on three-dimensional with basically uniformly mode be scattered in the described binder substrate.
25. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles with first kind of material, described first kind of material contains Mo 2The mixture of C and TiC; With
Binder substrate with second kind of different materials, the volume of described binder substrate be described material cumulative volume about 3% to about 40%, described binder substrate comprises rhenium, wherein said hard particles on three-dimensional with basically uniformly mode be scattered in the described binder substrate.
26. a material, it comprises:
The hard particles that comprises first kind of material, described first kind of material comprises TiN, Mo 2C and TiC; With
The binder substrate that comprises second kind of different materials, the volume of described binder substrate be described material cumulative volume about 3% to about 40%, described binder substrate comprises rhenium, wherein said hard particles on three-dimensional with basically uniformly mode be scattered in the described binder substrate.
27. a material, it comprises:
The hard particles that comprises first kind of material, described first kind of material comprises Mo 2C and TiC; With
The binder substrate that comprises second kind of different materials, the volume of described binder substrate be described material cumulative volume about 3% to about 40%, described binder substrate comprises rhenium and Ni base superalloy, wherein said hard particles on three-dimensional with basically uniformly mode be scattered in the described binder substrate.
28. a method, described method comprises:
By hard-particle powder and the binder substrate material that comprises rhenium are mixed, form the classification powder;
Handle described classification powder to bond described hard particles and to prepare the solid rigid alloy material with described binder substrate material, wherein said processing comprises that (1) sintering under vacuum condition is in the described classification powder of solid phase, and sintering is in the described classification powder of solid phase under (2) pressure in the inert gas medium.
29. as above-mentioned the 28th described method, wherein said binder substrate material also comprises Ni base superalloy.
30. as above-mentioned the 29th described method, wherein said binder substrate material also comprises cobalt.
31. as above-mentioned the 28th described method, wherein said binder substrate material also comprises cobalt.
32. as above-mentioned the 28th described method, wherein each sintering is to carry out under the temperature of the eutectic point that is lower than described hard particles and described binder substrate material.
33. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles with first kind of material; With
Binder substrate with second kind of different materials, described second kind of different materials comprises nickel-based superalloy, wherein said hard particles on three-dimensional with basically uniformly mode be scattered in the described binder substrate.
34. as above-mentioned the 33rd or 47 described material, wherein said first kind of material comprises the carbide of tungstenic.
35. as above-mentioned the 34th described material, wherein said carbide comprises carbonization one tungsten (WC).
36. as above-mentioned the 34th described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises the another kind of carbide with the metallic element that is different from tungsten.
37. as above-mentioned the 36th described material, wherein said metallic element is titanium (Ti).
38. as above-mentioned the 36th described material, wherein said metallic element is tantalum (Ta).
39. as above-mentioned the 36th described material, wherein said metallic element is niobium (Nb).
40. as above-mentioned the 36th described material, wherein said metallic element is vanadium (V).
41. as above-mentioned the 36th described material, wherein said metallic element is chromium (Cr).
42. as above-mentioned the 36th described material, wherein said metallic element is hafnium (Hf).
43. as above-mentioned the 36th described material, wherein said metallic element is molybdenum (Mo).
44. as above-mentioned the 34th described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises nitride.
45. as above-mentioned the 34th or 44 described material, wherein said nitride comprises at least a among ZrN, HfN, VN, NbN, TaN and the TiN.
46. as above-mentioned the 34th or 44 described material, wherein said first kind of material comprises carbide.
47. a material, it comprises:
The hard particles that comprises first kind of material, described first kind of material comprises nitride; With
The binder substrate that comprises second kind of different materials, described second kind of different materials comprises nickel-based superalloy, wherein said hard particles on three-dimensional with basically uniformly mode be scattered in the described binder substrate.
48. as above-mentioned the 47th described material, wherein said nitride comprises at least a among ZrN, VN, NbN, TaN, TiN and the HfN.
49. as above-mentioned the 33rd or 47 described material, wherein said nickel-based superalloy mainly comprises nickel and comprises other element.
50. as above-mentioned the 49th described material, wherein said other element comprises Co, Cr, Al, Ti, Mo, Nb, W and Zr.
51. a material, it comprises:
The hard particles that comprises first kind of material; With
The binder substrate that comprises second kind of different materials, described second kind of different materials comprises nickel-based superalloy and second kind of different nickel-based superalloy, wherein said hard particles on three-dimensional with basically uniformly mode be scattered in the described binder substrate.
52. as above-mentioned the 51st described material, wherein said binder substrate also comprises rhenium.
53. as above-mentioned the 52nd described material, wherein said binder substrate also comprises cobalt.
54. as above-mentioned the 33rd described material, wherein said binder substrate also comprises rhenium.
55. a material, it comprises:
The hard particles that comprises first kind of material; With
The binder substrate that comprises second kind of different materials, described second kind of different materials comprises nickel-based superalloy, rhenium and cobalt, wherein said hard particles on three-dimensional with basically uniformly mode be scattered in the described binder substrate.
56. a material, it comprises:
The hard particles that comprises first kind of material; With
The binder substrate that comprises second kind of different materials, described second kind of different materials comprises nickel-based superalloy and cobalt, wherein said hard particles on three-dimensional with basically uniformly mode be scattered in the described binder substrate.
57. a material, it comprises:
The hard particles that comprises first kind of material; With
The binder substrate that comprises second kind of different materials, described second kind of different materials comprises nickel-based superalloy and nickel, wherein said hard particles on three-dimensional with basically uniformly mode be scattered in the described binder substrate.
58. a material, it comprises:
The hard particles that comprises first kind of material; With
The binder substrate that comprises second kind of different materials, described second kind of different materials comprises nickel-based superalloy and iron, wherein said hard particles on three-dimensional with basically uniformly mode be scattered in the described binder substrate.
59. a material, it comprises:
The hard particles that comprises first kind of material; With
The binder substrate that comprises second kind of different materials, described second kind of different materials comprises nickel-based superalloy and molybdenum, wherein said hard particles on three-dimensional with basically uniformly mode be scattered in the described binder substrate.
60. a material, it comprises:
The hard particles that comprises first kind of material; With
The binder substrate that comprises second kind of different materials, described second kind of different materials comprises nickel-based superalloy and chromium, wherein said hard particles on three-dimensional with basically uniformly mode be scattered in the described binder substrate.
61. as above-mentioned the 33rd described material, wherein said binder substrate also comprises the another kind of alloy that is not nickel-base alloy.
62. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles with first kind of material, described first kind of material comprises TiC and TiN; With
Binder substrate with second kind of different materials, described second kind of different materials comprise at least a among Ni, Mo and the Mo2C, wherein said hard particles on three-dimensional with basically uniformly mode be scattered in the described binder substrate.
63. a material, it comprises:
The hard particles that comprises first kind of material, described first kind of material comprises TiC and TiN; With
The binder substrate that comprises second kind of different materials, described second kind of different materials comprises Re, and comprises Ni, Mo and Mo 2At least a among the C, wherein said hard particles on three-dimensional with basically uniformly mode be scattered in the described binder substrate.
64. as above-mentioned the 63rd described material, wherein said binder substrate also comprises Co.
65. as above-mentioned the 64th described material, wherein said binder substrate also comprises Ni base superalloy.
66. as above-mentioned the 63rd described material, wherein said binder substrate also comprises Ni base superalloy.
67. a material, it comprises:
The hard particles that comprises first kind of material, described first kind of material comprises TiC and TiN; With
The binder substrate that comprises second kind of different materials, described second kind of different materials comprise Ni base superalloy, and comprise Ni, Mo and Mo 2At least a among the C, wherein said hard particles on three-dimensional with basically uniformly mode be scattered in the described binder substrate.
68. a method, described method comprises:
By hard-particle powder and the binder substrate material that comprises nickel-based superalloy are mixed, form the classification powder;
By using the described binder substrate material described hard particles that bonds, handle described classification powder with preparation solid rigid alloy material.
69. as above-mentioned the 68th described method, wherein said processing comprises carries out pressing operation, first sintering operation, shaping operation and sintering operation for the second time successively.
70. as above-mentioned the 68th described method, described method also comprises: before described mixing, prepare described binder substrate material further to comprise rhenium.
71. as above-mentioned the 68th described method, described method also comprises: before described mixing, prepare described binder substrate material further to comprise cobalt.
72. as above-mentioned the 68th described method, wherein said processing is included in the solid-phase sintering in the hot-isostatic pressing processing.
73. as above-mentioned the 68th described method, wherein said processing comprises that (1) sintering under vacuum condition is in the described classification powder of solid phase, and sintering is in the described classification powder of solid phase under (2) pressure in the inert gas medium.
74. as above-mentioned the 68th described method, described method also comprises: before described mixing, the preparation particle size less than 0.5 micron hard particles to reduce the temperature of described sintering operation.
75. a device, described device comprises the wearing terrain of removing material from object, and described wearing terrain has and comprises following material:
Hard particles with first kind of material; With
Binder substrate with second kind of different materials, described second kind of different materials comprise rhenium and Ni base superalloy, wherein said hard particles on three-dimensional with basically uniformly mode be scattered in the described binder substrate.
76. as above-mentioned the 75th described device, wherein said binder substrate also comprises cobalt.
77. a device, described device comprises wearing terrain, and described wearing terrain has and comprises following material:
Hard particles with first kind of material; With
The binder substrate of second kind of different materials, described second kind of different materials comprises nickel-based superalloy, wherein said hard particles on three-dimensional with basically uniformly mode be scattered in the described binder substrate.
78. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles with first kind of material, described first kind of material is selected from least a in following (1) to (4): the solid solution of (1) WC, TiC and TaC, (2) solid solution of WC, TiC and NbC, (3) WC, TiC, at least a solid solution with TaC and NbC, and (4) WC, TiC, with at least a solid solution of HfC and NbC; With
Binder substrate with second kind of different materials, the volume of described binder substrate be described material cumulative volume about 3% to about 40%, described binder substrate comprises rhenium, wherein said hard particles on three-dimensional with basically uniformly mode be scattered in the described binder substrate.
79. as above-mentioned the 78th or 87 described material, wherein said hard particles comprises WC, TiC and TaC, and described binder substrate is formed by pure Re.
80. as above-mentioned the 79th described material, wherein said hard particles accounts for gross weight about 72% of described material, and and described Re be described material gross weight about 28%.
81. as above-mentioned the 79th described material, wherein said hard particles accounts for gross weight about 85% of described material, and and described Re be described material gross weight about 15%.
82. as above-mentioned the 79th described material, wherein the amount of TiC and TaC about equally, and their total amount is less than the amount of WC.
83. as above-mentioned the 24th described material, wherein said hard particles comprises WC, TiC and TaC.
84. as above-mentioned the 83rd described material, wherein each among TiC and the TaC accounts for about 3% to less than about 6% in the gross weight of described material, and WC is higher than about 78% and be lower than 89% in the gross weight of described material.
85. as above-mentioned the 83rd described material, wherein said binder substrate also comprises Co.
86. as above-mentioned the 83rd described material, wherein said Ni base superalloy mainly comprises Ni, and other element, described other element comprises Co, Cr, Al, Ti, Mo, Nb, W, Zr, B, C and V.
87. a material, it comprises:
The hard particles that comprises first kind of material, described first kind of material are selected from least a in following (1) to (4): (1) WC, TiC and TaC, (2) WC, TiC and NbC, (3) WC, TiC, at least a with TaC and NbC, and (4) WC, TiC, at least a with HfC and NbC; With
The binder substrate that comprises second kind of different materials, the volume of described binder substrate be described material cumulative volume about 3% to about 40%, described binder substrate comprises rhenium, wherein said hard particles on three-dimensional with basically uniformly mode be scattered in the described binder substrate
The Ni base superalloy that wherein said binder substrate comprises Re and contains Re.
88. as above-mentioned the 21st described material, wherein said Ni base superalloy comprises Re.
89. as above-mentioned the 24th described material, wherein said Ni base superalloy comprises Re.
90. as above-mentioned the 21st or 47 described material, wherein said Ni base superalloy comprises Re.
91. a material, it comprises:
The hard particles that comprises first kind of material; With
The binder substrate that comprises second kind of different materials, described second kind of different materials comprises nickel-based superalloy, wherein said hard particles on three-dimensional with basically uniformly mode be scattered in the described binder substrate,
Wherein said Ni base superalloy comprises Re.
92. a material, it comprises:
The hard particles that comprises first kind of material; With
The binder substrate that comprises second kind of different materials, described second kind of different materials comprises nickel-based superalloy, wherein said hard particles on three-dimensional with basically uniformly mode be scattered in the described binder substrate,
Wherein said Ni base superalloy is in γ-γ ' phase.
93. a material, it comprises:
The hard particles that comprises first kind of material; With
The binder substrate that comprises second kind of different materials, described second kind of different materials comprises the nickel-based superalloy that contains nickel and other element, described other element comprises Co, Cr, Al, Ti, Mo, Nb, W, Zr and Re, wherein said hard particles on three-dimensional with basically uniformly mode be scattered in the described binder substrate.
94. as above-mentioned the 17th described material, wherein said first kind of material comprises boride.
95. as above-mentioned the 95th described material, wherein said boride is TiB 2, ZrB 2, HfB 2, TaB 2, VB 2, MoB 2, WB and W 2A kind of among the B.
96. as above-mentioned the 17th described material, wherein said first kind of material comprises silicide.
97. as above-mentioned the 96th described material, wherein said silicide is TaSi 2, Wsi 2, NbSi 2And MoSi 2In a kind of.
98. as above-mentioned the 17th described material, wherein said first kind of material comprises carbide.
99. as above-mentioned the 98th described material, wherein said carbide comprises TiC, ZrC, HfC, VC, NbC, TaC, Cr 2C 3, Mo 2At least a among C and the WC.
100. as above-mentioned the 17th described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises nitride.
101. as above-mentioned the 100th described material, wherein said nitride comprises at least a among TiN, ZrN, HfN, VN, NbN and the TaN.
102. as above-mentioned the 100th described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises carbide.
103. as above-mentioned the 102nd described material, wherein said carbide comprises TiC, ZrC, HfC, VC, NbC, TaC, Cr 2C 3, Mo 2At least a among C and the WC.
104. as above-mentioned the 102nd described material, wherein said nitride comprises at least a among TiN, ZrN, HfN, VN, NbN and the TaN.
105. as above-mentioned the 18th described material, wherein said first kind of material comprises boride.
106. as above-mentioned the 105th described material, wherein said boride is TiB 2, ZrB 2, HfB 2, TaB 2, VB 2, MoB 2, WB and W 2A kind of among the B.
107. as above-mentioned the 18th described material, wherein said first kind of material comprises silicide.
108. as above-mentioned the 107th described material, wherein said silicide is TaSi 2, Wsi 2, NbSi 2And MoSi 2In a kind of.
109. as above-mentioned the 18th described material, wherein said first kind of material comprises carbide.
110. as above-mentioned the 109th described material, wherein said carbide comprises TiC, ZrC, HfC, VC, NbC, TaC, Cr 2C 3, Mo 2At least a among C and the WC.
111. as above-mentioned the 18th described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises nitride.
112. as above-mentioned the 111st described material, wherein said nitride comprises at least a among TiN, ZrN, HfN, VN, NbN and the TaN.
113. as above-mentioned the 111st described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises carbide.
114. as above-mentioned the 113rd described material, wherein said carbide comprises TiC, ZrC, HfC, VC, NbC, TaC, Cr 2C 3, Mo 2At least a among C and the WC.
115. as above-mentioned the 113rd described material, wherein said nitride comprises at least a among TiN, ZrN, HfN, VN, NbN and the TaN.
116. as above-mentioned the 19th described material, wherein said first kind of material comprises carbide.
117. as above-mentioned the 116th described material, wherein said carbide comprises TiC, ZrC, HfC, VC, NbC, TaC, Cr 2C 3, Mo 2At least a among C and the WC.
118. as above-mentioned the 19th described material, wherein said first kind of material comprises boride.
119. as above-mentioned the 118th described material, wherein said boride is TiB 2, ZrB 2, HfB 2, TaB 2, VB 2, MoB 2, WB and W 2A kind of among the B.
120. as above-mentioned the 19th described material, wherein said first kind of material comprises silicide.
121. as above-mentioned the 120th described material, wherein said silicide is TaSi 2, Wsi 2, NbSi 2And MoSi 2In a kind of.
122. as above-mentioned the 19th described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises nitride.
123. as above-mentioned the 122nd described material, wherein said nitride comprises at least a among TiN, ZrN, HfN, VN, NbN and the TaN.
124. as above-mentioned the 122nd described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises carbide.
125. as above-mentioned the 124th described material, wherein said carbide comprises TiC, ZrC, HfC, VC, NbC, TaC, Cr 2C 3, Mo 2At least a among C and the WC.
126. as above-mentioned the 125th described material, wherein said nitride comprises at least a among TiN, ZrN, HfN, VN, NbN and the TaN.
127. as above-mentioned the 20th described material, wherein said first kind of material comprises boride.
128. as above-mentioned the 127th described material, wherein said boride is TiB 2, ZrB 2, HfB 2, TaB 2, VB 2, MoB 2, WB and W 2A kind of among the B.
129. as above-mentioned the 20th described material, wherein said first kind of material comprises silicide.
130. as above-mentioned the 129th described material, wherein said silicide is TaSi 2, Wsi 2, NbSi 2And MoSi 2In a kind of.
131. as above-mentioned the 20th described material, wherein said first kind of material comprises carbide.
132. as above-mentioned the 131st described material, wherein said carbide comprises TiC, ZrC, HfC, VC, NbC, TaC, Cr 2C 3, Mo 2At least a among C and the WC.
133. as above-mentioned the 20th described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises nitride.
134. as above-mentioned the 133rd described material, wherein said nitride comprises at least a among TiN, ZrN, HfN, VN, NbN and the TaN.
135. as above-mentioned the 133rd described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises carbide.
136. as above-mentioned the 135th described material, wherein said carbide comprises TiC, ZrC, HfC, VC, NbC, TaC, Cr 2C 3, Mo 2At least a among C and the WC.
137. as above-mentioned the 135th described material, wherein said nitride comprises at least a among TiN, ZrN, HfN, VN, NbN and the TaN.
138. as above-mentioned the 21st described material, wherein said first kind of material comprises carbide.
139. as above-mentioned the 138th described material, wherein said carbide comprises TiC, ZrC, HfC, VC, NbC, TaC, Cr 2C 3, Mo 2At least a among C and the WC.
140. as above-mentioned the 21st described material, wherein said first kind of material comprises boride.
141. as above-mentioned the 140th described material, wherein said boride is TiB 2, ZrB 2, HfB 2, TaB 2, VB 2, MoB 2, WB and W 2A kind of among the B.
142. as above-mentioned the 21st described material, wherein said first kind of material comprises silicide.
143. as above-mentioned the 142nd described material, wherein said silicide is TaSi 2, Wsi 2, NbSi 2And MoSi 2In a kind of.
144. as above-mentioned the 21st described material, wherein said first kind of material comprises nitride.
145. as above-mentioned the 144th described material, wherein said nitride comprises at least a among TiN, ZrN, HfN, VN, NbN and the TaN.
146. as above-mentioned the 144th described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises carbide.
147. as above-mentioned the 146th described material, wherein said carbide comprises TiC, ZrC, HfC, VC, NbC, TaC, Cr 2C 3, Mo 2At least a among C and the WC.
148. as above-mentioned the 147th described material, wherein said nitride comprises at least a among TiN, ZrN, HfN, VN, NbN and the TaN.
149. as above-mentioned the 22nd described material, wherein said first kind of material comprises boride.
150. as above-mentioned the 149th described material, wherein said boride is TiB 2, ZrB 2, HfB 2, TaB 2, VB 2, MoB 2, WB and W 2A kind of among the B.
151. as above-mentioned the 22nd described material, wherein said first kind of material comprises silicide.
152. as above-mentioned the 151st described material, wherein said silicide is TaSi 2, Wsi 2, NbSi 2And MoSi 2In a kind of.
153. as above-mentioned the 22nd described material, wherein said first kind of material comprises carbide.
154. as above-mentioned the 153rd described material, wherein said carbide comprises TiC, ZrC, HfC, VC, NbC, TaC, Cr 2C 3, Mo 2At least a among C and the WC.
155. as above-mentioned the 22nd described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises nitride.
156. as above-mentioned the 155th described material, wherein said nitride comprises at least a among TiN, ZrN, HfN, VN, NbN and the TaN.
157. as above-mentioned the 155th described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises carbide.
158. as above-mentioned the 157th described material, wherein said carbide comprises TiC, ZrC, HfC, VC, NbC, TaC, Cr 2C 3, Mo 2At least a among C and the WC.
159. as above-mentioned the 157th described material, wherein said nitride comprises at least a among TiN, ZrN, HfN, VN, NbN and the TaN.
160. as above-mentioned the 24th described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises nitride.
161. as above-mentioned the 160th described material, wherein said nitride comprises at least a among TiN, ZrN, HfN, VN, NbN and the TaN.
162. as above-mentioned the 24th described material, wherein said binder substrate also comprises cobalt (Co).
163. as above-mentioned the 24th described material, wherein Re account for described material gross weight about 1.5% to about 24.4%, and described Ni base superalloy account for described material gross weight about 0.86% to about 4.88%, and
Wherein said first kind of material comprise the gross weight that accounts for described material about 3% to about 14.7% TiC, account for about 3% to about 6.2% TaC of the gross weight of described material, and be higher than described material gross weight about 64% and be lower than about 88% WC of the gross weight of described material.
164. as above-mentioned the 26th described material, wherein said binder substrate also comprises Ni base superalloy.
165. as above-mentioned the 164th described material, wherein said binder substrate also comprises Co.
166. as above-mentioned the 27th described material, wherein said binder substrate also comprises Co.
167. as above-mentioned the 27th described material, wherein said Re account for described material gross weight about 8.8% to about 23.8%, and described Ni base superalloy account for described material gross weight about 3.0% to about 10.3%, and wherein said Mo 2C account for described material gross weight about 13.8% to about 15.2%, and described TiC account for described material gross weight about 59.4% to about 65.7%.
168. as above-mentioned the 47th described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises carbide.
169. as above-mentioned the 168th described material, wherein said carbide comprises TiC, ZrC, HfC, VC, NbC, TaC, Cr 2C 3, Mo 2At least a among C and the WC.
170. as above-mentioned the 168th described material, wherein said nitride comprises at least a among TiN, ZrN, HfN, VN, NbN and the TaN.
171. as above-mentioned the 49th described material, wherein said other element comprises Cr, Co, Fe, Al, Ti, Mo, W, Nb, Ta, Hf, Zr, B, C, Re.
172. as above-mentioned the 51st described material, wherein said first kind of material comprises carbide.
173. as above-mentioned the 172nd described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises nitride.
174. as above-mentioned the 50th described material, wherein said other element also comprises Fe, Ta, Hf, C and Re.
175. as above-mentioned the 51st described material, wherein said first kind of material comprises nitride.
176. as above-mentioned the 55th described material, wherein Re account for described material gross weight about 0.4% to about 1.8%, described Ni base superalloy account for described material gross weight about 2.7% to about 4.5%, and described cobalt account for described material gross weight about 3% to about 4.8%, and
Wherein said first kind of material comprises about 90.4% to about 91.5% WC of the gross weight that accounts for described material and accounts for about 0.3% to about 0.6% VC of the gross weight of described material.
177. as above-mentioned the 55th described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises nitride.
178. as above-mentioned the 55th described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises carbide.
179. as above-mentioned the 56th described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises nitride.
180. as above-mentioned the 179th described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises carbide.
181. as above-mentioned the 56th described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises carbide.
182. as above-mentioned the 57th described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises nitride.
183. as above-mentioned the 182nd described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises carbide.
184. as above-mentioned the 57th described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises carbide.
185. as above-mentioned the 58th described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises nitride.
186. as above-mentioned the 185th described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises carbide.
187. as above-mentioned the 58th described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises carbide.
188. as above-mentioned the 59th described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises nitride.
189. as above-mentioned the 188th described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises carbide.
190. as above-mentioned the 59th described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises carbide.
191. as above-mentioned the 60th described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises nitride.
192. as above-mentioned the 191st described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises carbide.
193. as above-mentioned the 60th described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises carbide.
194. as above-mentioned the 75th described device, wherein said first kind of material comprises carbide.
195. as above-mentioned the 194th described device, wherein said carbide comprises TiC, ZrC, HfC, VC, NbC, TaC, Cr 2C 3, Mo 2At least a among C and the WC.
196. as above-mentioned the 75th described device, wherein said first kind of material also comprises nitride.
197. as above-mentioned the 196th described device, wherein said nitride comprises at least a among TiN, ZrN, HfN, VN, NbN and the TaN.
198. as above-mentioned the 196th described device, wherein said first kind of material also comprises carbide.
199. as above-mentioned the 198th described device, wherein said first kind of material comprises WC, TiC, TaC and Mo 2C.
200. as above-mentioned the 198th described device, wherein said carbide comprises TiC, ZrC, HfC, VC, NbC, TaC, Cr 2C 3, Mo 2At least a among C and the WC.
201. as above-mentioned the 198th described device, wherein said nitride comprises at least a among TiN, ZrN, HfN, VN, NbN and the TaN.
202. as above-mentioned the 75th described device, wherein said first kind of material also comprises boride.
203. as above-mentioned the 202nd described device, wherein said first kind of material comprises TiB 2, ZrB 2, HfB 2, TaB 2, VB 2, MoB 2, WB and W 2At least a among the B.
204. as above-mentioned the 75th described device, wherein said first kind of material also comprises at least a boride and at least a carbide.
205. as above-mentioned the 204th described device, wherein said first kind of material comprises WC, TiC, TaC and B 4C.
206. as above-mentioned the 75th described device, wherein said first kind of material comprises silicide.
207. as above-mentioned the 75th described device, wherein said first kind of material comprises TaSi 2, WSi 2, NbSi 2And MoSi 2In at least a.
208. as above-mentioned the 75th described device, wherein said Re account for described material gross weight about 9.04% to about 9.32%, and described Ni base superalloy account for described material gross weight about 3.53% to about 3.64%, and
Wherein said first kind of material comprise the gross weight that accounts for described material about 67.24% to about 69.40% WC, account for the gross weight of described material about 6.35% to about 6.55% TiC, account for the gross weight of described material about 6.24% to about 6.44% TaC, account for about 0.40% to about 7.39% TiB of the gross weight of described material 2, and about 0.22% to about 4.25% the B that accounts for the gross weight of described material 4C.
209. as above-mentioned the 75th described device, wherein said Re account for described material gross weight about 8.96% to about 9.37%, and described Ni base superalloy account for described material gross weight about 3.50% to about 3.66%, and
Wherein said first kind of material comprise the gross weight that accounts for described material about 58.61% to about 66.67% WC, account for the gross weight of described material about 14.69% to about 15.37% TiC, account for described material gross weight about 6.19% to about 6.47% TaC and account for 0 to about 6.51% Mo of the gross weight of described material 2C.
210. as above-mentioned the 75th described device, wherein said binder substrate also comprises Ni.
211. as above-mentioned the 75th described device, wherein said binder substrate also comprises Fe.
212. as above-mentioned the 75th described device, wherein said binder substrate also comprises Mo.
213. as above-mentioned the 75th described device, wherein said binder substrate also comprises Cr.
214. as above-mentioned the 83rd described material, wherein said Ni base superalloy mainly comprises Ni, and other element, described other element comprises Cr, Co, Fe, Al, Ti, Mo, W, Nb, Ta, Hf, Zr, B, C, Re.
215. as above-mentioned the 91st described material, wherein said first kind of material comprises carbide.
216. as above-mentioned the 215th described material, wherein said carbide comprises TiC, ZrC, HfC, VC, NbC, TaC, Cr 2C 3, Mo 2At least a among C and the WC.
217. as above-mentioned the 91st described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises nitride.
218. as above-mentioned the 217th described material, wherein said nitride comprises at least a among TiN, ZrN, HfN, VN, NbN and the TaN.
219. as above-mentioned the 217th described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises carbide.
220. as above-mentioned the 219th described material, wherein said carbide comprises TiC, ZrC, HfC, VC, NbC, TaC, Cr 2C 3, Mo 2At least a among C and the WC.
221. as above-mentioned the 91st described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises boride.
222. as above-mentioned the 221st described material, wherein said first kind of material comprises TiB 2, ZrB 2, HfB 2, TaB 2, VB 2, MoB 2, WB and W 2At least a among the B.
223. as above-mentioned the 91st described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises at least a boride and at least a carbide.
224. as above-mentioned the 223rd described material, wherein said first kind of material comprises WC, TiC, TaC and B 4C.
225. as above-mentioned the 91st described material, wherein said first kind of material comprises silicide.
226. as above-mentioned the 225th described material, wherein said silicide comprises TaSi 2, WSi 2, NbSi 2And MoSi 2In at least a.
227. as above-mentioned the 91st described material, wherein said binder substrate also comprises Ni.
228. as above-mentioned the 91st described material, wherein said binder substrate also comprises Fe.
229. as above-mentioned the 91st described material, wherein said binder substrate also comprises Mo.
230. as above-mentioned the 91st described material, wherein said binder substrate also comprises Cr.
231. as above-mentioned the 92nd described material, wherein said first kind of material comprises carbide.
232. as above-mentioned the 231st described material, wherein said carbide comprises TiC, ZrC, HfC, VC, NbC, TaC, Cr 2C 3, Mo 2At least a among C and the WC.
233. as above-mentioned the 92nd described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises nitride.
234. as above-mentioned the 233rd described material, wherein said nitride comprises at least a among TiN, ZrN, HfN, VN, NbN and the TaN.
235. as above-mentioned the 233rd described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises carbide.
236. as above-mentioned the 235th described material, wherein said carbide comprises TiC, ZrC, HfC, VC, NbC, TaC, Cr 2C 3, Mo 2At least a among C and the WC.
237. as above-mentioned the 235th described material, wherein said nitride comprises at least a among TiN, ZrN, HfN, VN, NbN and the TaN.
238. as above-mentioned the 92nd described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises boride.
239. as above-mentioned the 238th described material, wherein said first kind of material comprises TiB 2, ZrB 2, HfB 2, TaB 2, VB 2, MoB 2, WB and W 2At least a among the B.
240. as above-mentioned the 92nd described material, wherein said first kind of material comprises silicide.
241. as above-mentioned the 92nd described material, wherein said first kind of material comprises TaSi 2, Wsi 2, NbSi 2And MoSi 2In at least a.
242. as above-mentioned the 92nd described material, wherein said second kind of material also comprises at least a among Re, Ni, Co, Fe, Mo and the Cr.
243. as above-mentioned the 92nd described material, wherein said second kind of material also comprises another kind of different Ni base superalloy at least.
244. as above-mentioned the 92nd described material, wherein said first kind of material comprises about 91.9% to about 92.5% WC of the gross weight of described material, and about 0.3% to about 0.6% VC of the gross weight of described material, and wherein said Ni base superalloy account for described material gross weight about 7.2% to about 7.5%.
245. as above-mentioned the 92nd described material, wherein said first kind of material comprises about 69.44% and 16.09% TiC and Mo of the gross weight that accounts for described material respectively 2C, and wherein said Ni base superalloy account for described material gross weight about 14.47%.
246. as above-mentioned the 93rd described material, wherein said first kind of material comprises carbide.
247. as above-mentioned the 246th described material, wherein said carbide comprises TiC, ZrC, HfC, VC, NbC, TaC, Cr 2C 3, Mo 2At least a among C and the WC.
248. as above-mentioned the 93rd described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises nitride.
249. as above-mentioned the 248th described material, wherein said nitride comprises at least a among TiN, ZrN, HfN, VN, NbN and the TaN.
250. as above-mentioned the 249th described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises carbide.
251. as above-mentioned the 250th described material, wherein said carbide comprises TiC, ZrC, HfC, VC, NbC, TaC, Cr 2C 3, Mo 2At least a among C and the WC.
252. as above-mentioned the 250th described material, wherein said nitride comprises at least a among TiN, ZrN, HfN, VN, NbN and the TaN.
253. as above-mentioned the 93rd described material, wherein said first kind of material also comprises boride.
254. as above-mentioned the 253rd described material, wherein said first kind of material comprises TiB 2, ZrB 2, HfB 2, TaB 2, VB 2, MoB 2, WB and W 2At least a among the B.
255. as above-mentioned the 93rd described material, wherein said first kind of material comprises silicide.
256. as above-mentioned the 93rd described material, wherein said first kind of material comprises TaSi 2, WSi 2, NbSi 2And MoSi 2In at least a.
257. as above-mentioned the 93rd described material, wherein said second kind of material also comprises at least a among Re, Ni, Co, Fe, Mo and the Cr.
258. as above-mentioned the 93rd described material, wherein said second kind of material also comprises another kind of different Ni base superalloy at least.
259. as above-mentioned the 93rd described material, wherein described other element in described nickel-based superalloy also comprises Fe, Ta, Hf, B and C.
260. a method, described method comprises:
Preparation is used for the metal surface of thermal spraying treatment; With
Carry out the layer of described thermal spraying treatment with coated cemented carbide layer on described metal surface,
Wherein said hard alloy layer comprises:
Hard particles with first kind of material; With
Binder substrate with second kind of different materials, the volume of described second kind of material be described material cumulative volume about 3% to about 40%, described binder substrate comprises 25% the rhenium of its amount greater than the gross weight of described material, wherein said hard particles on three-dimensional with basically uniformly mode be scattered in the described binder substrate.
261. a method, described method comprises:
Preparation is used for the metal surface of thermal spraying treatment; With
Carry out the layer of described thermal spraying treatment with coated cemented carbide layer on described metal surface,
Wherein said hard alloy layer comprises:
Hard particles with first kind of material, described first kind of material has at least a mixture that is selected from following (1) to (4): the mixture of (1) WC, TiC and TaC, (2) mixture of WC, TiC and NbC, (3) WC, TiC, at least a mixture with TaC and NbC, and (4) WC, TiC, with at least a mixture of HfC and NbC; With
Binder substrate with second kind of different materials, the volume of described binder substrate be described material cumulative volume about 3% to about 40%, described binder substrate comprises rhenium, wherein said hard particles on three-dimensional with basically uniformly mode be scattered in the described binder substrate.
262. a method, described method comprises:
Preparation is used for the metal surface of thermal spraying treatment; With
Carry out the layer of described thermal spraying treatment with coated cemented carbide layer on described metal surface,
Wherein said hard alloy layer comprises:
Hard particles with first kind of material, described first kind of material has the mixture of Mo2C and TiC; With
Binder substrate with second kind of different materials, the volume of described binder substrate be described material cumulative volume about 3% to about 40%, described binder substrate comprises rhenium, wherein said hard particles on three-dimensional with basically uniformly mode be scattered in the described binder substrate.
263. a method, described method comprises:
Preparation is used for the metal surface of thermal spraying treatment; With
Carry out the layer of described thermal spraying treatment with coated cemented carbide layer on described metal surface,
Wherein said hard alloy layer comprises:
Hard particles with first kind of material; With
Binder substrate with second kind of different materials, described second kind of different materials comprises nickel-based superalloy, wherein said hard particles on three-dimensional with basically uniformly mode be scattered in the described binder substrate.
264. a method, described method comprises:
Preparation is used for the metal surface of thermal spraying treatment; With
Carry out the layer of described thermal spraying treatment with coated cemented carbide layer on described metal surface,
Wherein said hard alloy layer comprises:
Hard particles with first kind of material, described first kind of material comprises TiC and TiN; With
Binder substrate with second kind of different materials, described second kind of different materials comprise at least a among Ni, Mo and the Mo2C, wherein said hard particles on three-dimensional with basically uniformly mode be scattered in the described binder substrate.
265. a method, described method comprises:
Preparation is used for the metal surface of thermal spraying treatment; With
Carry out the layer of described thermal spraying treatment with coated cemented carbide layer on described metal surface,
Wherein said hard alloy layer comprises:
Hard particles with first kind of material, described first kind of material is selected from least a in following (1) to (4): the solid solution of (1) WC, TiC and TaC, (2) solid solution of WC, TiC and NbC, (3) WC, TiC, at least a solid solution with TaC and NbC, and (4) WC, TiC, with at least a solid solution of HfC and NbC; With
Binder substrate with second kind of different materials, the volume of described binder substrate be described material cumulative volume about 3% to about 40%, described binder substrate comprises rhenium, wherein said hard particles on three-dimensional with basically uniformly mode be scattered in the described binder substrate.
In addition, second group of 288 specific embodiment described in the application are as follows.
1. material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise at least a at least a carbide that is selected among WC, TiC and the HfC; With
Bond described hard particles and comprise rhenium of binder substrate, described binder substrate,
Wherein said hard particles be less than described material gross weight 75%, and rhenium is greater than 25% of the gross weight of described material.
2. as above-mentioned the 1st described material, wherein said at least a carbide is about 26% TiC greater than the gross weight of described material, and described rhenium be less than described material gross weight about 74%.
3. as above-mentioned the 1st described material, wherein said at least a carbide is about 53% WC greater than the gross weight of described material, and described rhenium be less than described material gross weight about 47%.
4. as above-mentioned the 1st described material, wherein said at least a carbide is about 48% HfC greater than the gross weight of described material, and described rhenium be less than described material gross weight about 52%.
5. material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise the element that is selected from by in IVb, the Vb of the periodic table of elements and the VIb row and form at least a carbide in the carbide except that WC, TiC and HfC; With
Bond described hard particles and comprise rhenium of binder substrate, described binder substrate,
Wherein said hard particles be less than described material gross weight 75%, and rhenium the gross weight of described material 4% to 72% between.
6. as above-mentioned the 5th described material, wherein said at least a carbide is about 32% ZrC greater than the gross weight of described material, and described rhenium be less than described material gross weight about 68%.
7. as above-mentioned the 5th described material, wherein said at least a carbide is about 28% VC greater than the gross weight of described material, and described rhenium be less than described material gross weight about 72%.
8. as above-mentioned the 5th described material, wherein said at least a carbide is about 36% NbC greater than the gross weight of described material, and described rhenium be less than described material gross weight about 64%.
9. as above-mentioned the 5th described material, wherein said at least a carbide is about 51% TaC greater than the gross weight of described material, and described rhenium be less than described material gross weight about 49%.
10. as above-mentioned the 5th described material, wherein said at least a carbide is about 32% Cr greater than the gross weight of described material 2C 3, and described rhenium be less than described material gross weight about 68%.
11. as above-mentioned the 5th described material, wherein said at least a carbide is about 39% Mo greater than the gross weight of described material 2C, and described rhenium be less than described material gross weight about 61%.
12. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise at least a nitride in the nitride of the IVB that is selected from the periodic table and Vb row; With
Bond described hard particles and comprise rhenium of binder substrate, described binder substrate,
Wherein said rhenium the gross weight of described material about 4% to about 72% between.
13. as above-mentioned the 12nd described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 28% to about 89% between TiN.
14. as above-mentioned the 12nd described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 34% to about 92% between ZrN, and described rhenium the gross weight of described material about 8% to about 66% between.
15. as above-mentioned the 12nd described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 50% to about 96% between HfN, and described rhenium the gross weight of described material about 4% to about 50% between.
16. as above-mentioned the 12nd described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 30% to about 91% between VN, and described rhenium the gross weight of described material about 9% to about 70% between.
17. as above-mentioned the 12nd described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 34% to about 92% between NbN, and described rhenium the gross weight of described material about 8% to about 66% between.
18. as above-mentioned the 12nd described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 51% to about 96% between TaN, and described rhenium the gross weight of described material about 4% to about 49% between.
19. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise at least a nitride in the nitride of the IVB that is selected from the periodic table and Vb row; With
Bond described hard particles and comprise Ni base superalloy of binder substrate, described binder substrate, described Ni base superalloy the gross weight of described material about 1.7% to about 50% between.
20. as above-mentioned the 19th described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 50% to about 96% between TiN, and the basic superalloy of described Ni the gross weight of described material about 4% to about 50% between.
21. as above-mentioned the 19th described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 58% to about 97% between ZrN, and the basic superalloy of described Ni the gross weight of described material about 3% to about 42% between.
22. as above-mentioned the 19th described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 72% to about 98.2% between HfN, and the basic superalloy of described Ni the gross weight of described material about 1.8% to about 28% between.
23. as above-mentioned the 19th described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 53% to about 96% between VN, and the basic superalloy of described Ni the gross weight of described material about 4% to about 47% between.
24. as above-mentioned the 19th described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 52% to about 97% between NbN, and the basic superalloy of described Ni the gross weight of described material about 3% to about 42% between.
25. as above-mentioned the 19th described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 73% to about 98.3% between TaN, and the basic superalloy of described Ni the gross weight of described material about 1.7% to about 27% between.
26. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise at least a carbide in the carbide of the IVb, the Vb that are selected from the periodic table and VIb row; With
Bond described hard particles and comprise rhenium and Ni base superalloy of binder substrate, described binder substrate,
Wherein said hard particles the gross weight of described material about 26.1% to about 98.4% between.
27. as above-mentioned the 26th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 26.1% to about 95.1% between TiC, described rhenium is not more than gross weight about 73.6% of described material, and described Ni base superalloy be not more than described material gross weight about 51.1%.
28. as above-mentioned the 26th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 32% to about 96% between ZrC, described rhenium is not more than gross weight about 67.7% of described material, and described Ni base superalloy be not more than described material gross weight about 44.1%.
29. as above-mentioned the 26th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 47.7% to about 98.1% between HfC, described rhenium is not more than gross weight about 52.1% of described material, and described Ni base superalloy be not more than described material gross weight about 29.2%.
30. as above-mentioned the 26th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 28.3% to about 95.6% between VC, described rhenium is no more than gross weight about 71.5% of described material, and described Ni base superalloy surpass described material gross weight about 48.4%.
31. as above-mentioned the 26th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 36% to about 96.9% between NbC, described rhenium is equal to or less than gross weight about 63.8% of described material, and described Ni base superalloy be equal to or less than described material gross weight about 39.9%.
32. as above-mentioned the 26th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 51% to about 98.3% between TaC, described rhenium is equal to or less than gross weight about 48.8% of described material, and described Ni base superalloy be equal to or less than described material gross weight about 26.5%.
33. as above-mentioned the 26th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 32.4% to about 96.4% between Cr 2C 3, described rhenium is equal to or less than gross weight about 67.3% of described material, and described Ni base superalloy be equal to or less than described material gross weight about 43.6%.
34. as above-mentioned the 26th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 39.6% to about 97.3% between Mo 2C, described rhenium are equal to or less than gross weight about 60.2% of described material, and described Ni base superalloy be equal to or less than described material gross weight about 36.3%.
35. as above-mentioned the 26th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 52.9% to about 98.4% between WC, described rhenium is equal to or less than gross weight about 46.9% of described material, and described Ni base superalloy be equal to or less than described material gross weight about 25%.
36. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise at least a nitride in the nitride of the IVB that is selected from the periodic table and Vb row; With
Bond described hard particles and comprise rhenium and Ni base superalloy of binder substrate, described binder substrate,
Wherein said hard particles the gross weight of described material about 28% to about 98.3% between.
37. as above-mentioned the 36th described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 28% to about 95.6% between TiN, described rhenium is equal to or less than gross weight about 71.7% of described material, and described Ni base superalloy be equal to or less than described material gross weight about 48.7%.
38. as above-mentioned the 36th described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 34.5% to about 96.7% between ZrN, described rhenium is equal to or less than gross weight about 65.3% of described material, and described Ni base superalloy be equal to or less than described material gross weight about 41.4%.
39. as above-mentioned the 36th described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 49.8% to about 98.2% between HfN, described rhenium is equal to or less than gross weight about 50% of described material, and described Ni base superalloy be equal to or less than described material gross weight about 27.5%.
40. as above-mentioned the 36th described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 30% to about 96% between VN, described rhenium is equal to or less than gross weight about 69.6% of described material, and described Ni base superalloy be equal to or less than described material gross weight about 46.2%.
41. as above-mentioned the 36th described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 34.4% to about 96.7% between NbN, described rhenium is equal to or less than gross weight about 65.3% of described material, and described Ni base superalloy be equal to or less than described material gross weight about 41.5%.
42. as above-mentioned the 36th described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 50.7% to about 98.3% between TaN, described rhenium is equal to or less than gross weight about 49.1% of described material, and described Ni base superalloy be equal to or less than described material gross weight about 26.8%.
43. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise at least a carbide in the carbide of the IVb, the Vb that are selected from the periodic table and VIb row; With
Bond described hard particles and comprise rhenium and cobalt of binder substrate, described binder substrate,
Wherein said hard particles the gross weight of described material about 26.1% to about 98.2% between.
44. as above-mentioned the 43rd described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 26.1% to about 94.6% between TiC, described rhenium is equal to or less than gross weight about 73.6% of described material, and described cobalt be equal to or less than described material gross weight about 54.1%.
45. as above-mentioned the 43rd described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 32% to about 96% between ZrC, described rhenium is equal to or less than gross weight about 67.7% of described material, and described cobalt be equal to or less than described material gross weight about 47.1%.
46. as above-mentioned the 43rd described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 47.6% to about 97.8% between HfC, described rhenium is equal to or less than gross weight about 52.1% of described material, and described cobalt be equal to or less than described material gross weight about 31.8%.
47. as above-mentioned the 43rd described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 28.3% to about 95.1% between VC, described rhenium is equal to or less than gross weight about 71.4% of described material, and described cobalt be equal to or less than described material gross weight about 51.5%.
48. as above-mentioned the 43rd described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 36% to about 96.5% between NbC, described rhenium is equal to or less than gross weight about 63.8% of described material, and described cobalt be equal to or less than described material gross weight about 42.8%.
49. as above-mentioned the 43rd described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 51% to about 98% between TaC, described rhenium is equal to or less than gross weight about 48.8% of described material, and described cobalt be equal to or less than described material gross weight about 28.9%.
50. as above-mentioned the 43rd described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 32.4% to about 96% between Cr 2C 3, described rhenium is equal to or less than gross weight about 67.3% of described material, and described cobalt be equal to or less than described material gross weight about 46.6%.
51. as above-mentioned the 43rd described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 39.6% to about 97% between Mo 2C, described rhenium are equal to or less than gross weight about 60.2% of described material, and described cobalt be equal to or less than described material gross weight about 39.2%.
52. as above-mentioned the 43rd described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 52.9% to about 98.2% between WC, described rhenium is equal to or less than gross weight about 46.9% of described material, and described cobalt be equal to or less than described material gross weight about 27.4%.
53. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise at least a nitride in the nitride of the IVb that is selected from the periodic table and Vb row; With
Bond described hard particles and comprise rhenium and cobalt of binder substrate, described binder substrate,
Wherein said hard particles the gross weight of described material about 28% to about 98% between.
54. as above-mentioned the 53rd described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 28% to about 95% between TiN, described rhenium is at most gross weight about 71.6% of described material, and described cobalt be at most described material gross weight about 51.7%.
55. as above-mentioned the 53rd described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 34.5% to about 96.3% between ZrN, described rhenium is at most gross weight about 65.3% of described material, and described cobalt be at most described material gross weight about 44.4%.
56. as above-mentioned the 53rd described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 49.8% to about 98% between HfN, described rhenium is at most gross weight about 50% of described material, and described cobalt be at most described material gross weight about 30%.
57. as above-mentioned the 53rd described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 30% to about 95.5% between VN, described rhenium is at most gross weight about 69.6% of described material, and described cobalt be at most described material gross weight about 49.3%.
58. as above-mentioned the 53rd described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 34.4% to about 96.3% between NbN, described rhenium is at most gross weight about 65.3% of described material, and described cobalt be at most described material gross weight about 44.5%.
59. as above-mentioned the 53rd described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 50.7% to about 98% between TaN, described rhenium is at most gross weight about 49.1% of described material, and described cobalt be at most described material gross weight about 29.2%.
60. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise at least a carbide in the carbide of the IVb, the Vb that are selected from the periodic table and VIb row; With
Bond described hard particles and comprise Ni base superalloy and cobalt of binder substrate, described binder substrate,
Wherein said hard particles the gross weight of described material about 45% to about 98% between.
61. as above-mentioned the 60th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 45% to about 95% between TiC, described Ni base superalloy is at most gross weight about 51.5% of described material, and described cobalt be at most described material gross weight about 54.5%.
62. as above-mentioned the 60th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 52% to about 96% between ZrC, described Ni base superalloy is at most gross weight about 44.4% of described material, and described cobalt be at most described material gross weight about 47.4%.
63. as above-mentioned the 60th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 68% to about 98% between HfC, described Ni base superalloy is at most gross weight about 29% of described material, and described cobalt be at most described material gross weight about 32%.
64. as above-mentioned the 60th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 48% to about 96% between VC, described Ni base superalloy is at most gross weight about 49% of described material, and described cobalt be at most described material gross weight about 52%.
65. as above-mentioned the 60th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 57% to about 97% between NbC, described Ni base superalloy is at most gross weight about 40% of described material, and described cobalt be at most described material gross weight about 43%.
66. as above-mentioned the 60th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 71% to about 98% between TaC, described Ni base superalloy is at most gross weight about 27% of described material, and described cobalt be at most described material gross weight about 29%.
67. as above-mentioned the 60th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 53% to about 96% between Cr 2C 3, described Ni base superalloy is at most gross weight about 67.3% of described material, and described cobalt be at most described material gross weight about 44%.
68. as above-mentioned the 60th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 60% to about 97% between Mo 2C, described Ni base superalloy are at most gross weight about 36.5% of described material, and described cobalt be at most described material gross weight about 39%.
69. as above-mentioned the 60th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 72% to about 98% between WC, described Ni base superalloy is at most gross weight about 46.9% of described material, and described cobalt be at most described material gross weight about 27.5%.
70. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise at least a nitride in the nitride of the IVb that is selected from the periodic table and Vb row; With
Bond described hard particles and comprise Ni base superalloy and cobalt of binder substrate, described binder substrate,
Wherein said hard particles the gross weight of described material about 47% to about 98% between.
71. as above-mentioned the 70th described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 47% to about 96% between TiN, described Ni base superalloy is at most gross weight about 49% of described material, and described cobalt be at most described material gross weight about 52%.
72. as above-mentioned the 70th described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 55% to about 97% between ZrN, described Ni base superalloy is at most gross weight about 42% of described material, and described cobalt be at most described material gross weight about 45%.
73. as above-mentioned the 70th described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 70% to about 98% between HfN, described Ni base superalloy is at most gross weight about 31% of described material, and described cobalt be at most described material gross weight about 27%.
74. as above-mentioned the 70th described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 50% to about 96% between VN, described Ni base superalloy is at most gross weight about 53% of described material, and described cobalt be at most described material gross weight about 44%.
75. as above-mentioned the 70th described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 55% to about 97% between NbN, described Ni base superalloy is at most gross weight about 47% of described material, and described cobalt be at most described material gross weight about 40%.
76. as above-mentioned the 70th described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 70% to about 98% between TaN, described Ni base superalloy is at most gross weight about 30% of described material, and described cobalt be at most described material gross weight about 26%.
77. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise at least a carbide in the carbide of the IVb, the Vb that are selected from the periodic table and VIb row; With
Bond described hard particles and comprise rhenium, Ni base superalloy and cobalt of binder substrate, described binder substrate,
Wherein said hard particles the gross weight of described material about 26% to about 98.3% between.
78. as above-mentioned the 77th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 26% to about 95% between TiC, described rhenium be at most described material gross weight about 73.6%, described Ni base superalloy is at most gross weight about 51.3% of described material, and described cobalt be at most described material gross weight about 54.3%.
79. as above-mentioned the 77th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 32% to about 96% between ZrC, described rhenium be at most described material gross weight about 67.7%, described Ni base superalloy is at most gross weight about 44.2% of described material, and described cobalt be at most described material gross weight about 47.2%.
80. as above-mentioned the 77th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 48% to about 98% between HfC, described rhenium be at most described material gross weight about 52.1%, described Ni base superalloy is at most gross weight about 29.3% of described material, and described cobalt be at most described material gross weight about 31.8%.
81. as above-mentioned the 77th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 28% to about 96% between VC, described rhenium be at most described material gross weight about 71.5%, described Ni base superalloy is at most gross weight about 48.6% of described material, and described cobalt be at most described material gross weight about 51.7%.
82. as above-mentioned the 77th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 36% to about 97% between NbC, described rhenium be at most described material gross weight about 63.8%, described Ni base superalloy is at most gross weight about 40% of described material, and described cobalt be at most described material gross weight about 43%.
83. as above-mentioned the 77th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 51% to about 98.3% between TaC, described rhenium be at most described material gross weight about 48.8%, described Ni base superalloy is at most gross weight about 26.6% of described material, and described cobalt be at most described material gross weight about 29%.
84. as above-mentioned the 77th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 32% to about 96% between Cr 2C 3, described rhenium is at most gross weight about 67.3% of described material, described Ni base superalloy is at most gross weight about 43.8% of described material, and described cobalt be at most described material gross weight about 46.8%.
85. as above-mentioned the 77th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 39% to about 97% between Mo 2C, described rhenium are at most gross weight about 60.2% of described material, and described Ni base superalloy is at most gross weight about 36.4% of described material, and described cobalt be at most described material gross weight about 39.3%.
86. as above-mentioned the 77th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 53% to about 98% between WC, described rhenium be at most described material gross weight about 46.9%, described Ni base superalloy is at most gross weight about 25.1% of described material, and described cobalt be at most described material gross weight about 27.5%.
87. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise at least a nitride in the nitride of the IVb that is selected from the periodic table and Vb row; With
Bond described hard particles and comprise rhenium, Ni base superalloy and cobalt of binder substrate, described binder substrate,
Wherein said hard particles the gross weight of described material about 28% to about 98.3% between.
88. as above-mentioned the 87th described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 28% to about 96% between TiN, described rhenium be at most described material gross weight about 71.6%, described Ni base superalloy is at most gross weight about 48.8% of described material, and described cobalt be at most described material gross weight about 51.9%.
89. as above-mentioned the 87th described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 34% to about 97% between ZrN, described rhenium be at most described material gross weight about 65.3%, described Ni base superalloy is at most gross weight about 41.6% of described material, and described cobalt be at most described material gross weight about 44.6%.
90. as above-mentioned the 87th described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 50% to about 98% between HfN, described rhenium be at most described material gross weight about 50%, described Ni base superalloy is at most gross weight about 27.5% of described material, and described cobalt be at most described material gross weight about 30%.
91. as above-mentioned the 87th described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 30% to about 96% between VN, described rhenium be at most described material gross weight about 60%, described Ni base superalloy is at most gross weight about 46.4% of described material, and described cobalt be at most described material gross weight about 49%.
92. as above-mentioned the 87th described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 34% to about 97% between NbN, described rhenium be at most described material gross weight about 65%, described Ni base superalloy is at most gross weight about 42% of described material, and described cobalt be at most described material gross weight about 45%.
93. as above-mentioned the 87th described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 51% to about 98.3% between TaN, described rhenium be at most described material gross weight about 49%, described Ni base superalloy is at most gross weight about 27% of described material, and described cobalt be at most described material gross weight about 29%.
94. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise respectively the gross weight of described material about 40% to about 96% between and WC and TiC between about 0.3% to about 21%; With
Binder substrate, described binder substrate bond described hard particles and be included in described material gross weight about 4% to about 54% between rhenium.
95. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise respectively the gross weight of described material about 44% to about 96% between WC and about at the most 21% TaC; With
Binder substrate, described binder substrate bond described hard particles and be included in described material gross weight about 4% to about 48% between rhenium.
96. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise respectively the gross weight of described material about 36% to about 95% between, about 22% and about at the most 25% WC, TiC and TaC at the most; With
Binder substrate, described binder substrate bond described hard particles and be included in described material gross weight about 4% to about 48% between rhenium.
97. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise respectively the gross weight of described material about 60% to about 98% between and about at the most 25% WC and TiC; With
Binder substrate, described binder substrate bond described hard particles and be included in described material gross weight about 1.5% to about 31% between nickel-based superalloy.
98. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise respectively the gross weight of described material about 63% to about 98% between and about at the most 26% WC and TaC; With
Binder substrate, described binder substrate bond described hard particles and be included in described material gross weight about 1.5% to about 26% between nickel-based superalloy.
99. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise respectively the gross weight of described material about 51% to about 98% between, about 23% and about at the most 26% WC, Tic and TaC at the most; With
Binder substrate, described binder substrate bond described hard particles and be included in described material gross weight about 1.5% to about 26% between nickel-based superalloy.
100. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise respectively the gross weight of described material about 40% to about 98% between and about at the most 24% WC and TiC; With
Bond described hard particles and comprise about 52% and 29% rhenium and nickel-based superalloy of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively of binder substrate, described binder substrate.
101. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise respectively the gross weight of described material about 44% to about 98% between and about at the most 24% WC and TaC; With
Bond described hard particles and comprise about 47% and about 25% rhenium and nickel-based superalloy of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively of binder substrate, described binder substrate.
102. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise respectively the gross weight of described material about 40% to about 98% between, about 23% and about at the most 26% WC, TiC and TaC at the most; With
Bond described hard particles and comprise about 53% and about 30% rhenium and nickel-based superalloy of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively of binder substrate, described binder substrate.
103. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise respectively the gross weight of described material about 40% to about 98% between and about at the most 23% WC and TiC; With
Bond described hard particles and comprise about 53% and about 31% rhenium and cobalt of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively of binder substrate, described binder substrate.
104. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise respectively the gross weight of described material about 44% to about 98% between and about at the most 24% WC and TaC; With
Bond described hard particles and comprise about 47% and about 28% rhenium and cobalt of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively of binder substrate, described binder substrate.
105. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise respectively the gross weight of described material about 40% to about 98% between, about 23% and about at the most 26% WC, Tic and TaC at the most; With
Bond described hard particles and comprise about 53% and about 33% rhenium and cobalt of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively of binder substrate, described binder substrate.
106. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise respectively the gross weight of described material about 58% to about 98% between and about at the most 24% WC and TiC; With
Bond described hard particles and comprise about 33% and about 29% rhenium and nickel-based superalloy of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively of binder substrate, described binder substrate.
107. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise respectively the gross weight of described material about 61% to about 98% between and about at the most 24% WC and TaC; With
Bond described hard particles and comprise about 28% and about 25% cobalt and nickel-based superalloy of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively of binder substrate, described binder substrate.
108. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise respectively the gross weight of described material about 57% to about 98% between, about 23% and about at the most 26% WC, TiC and TaC at the most; With
Bond described hard particles and comprise about 33% and about 30% cobalt and nickel-based superalloy of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively of binder substrate, described binder substrate.
109. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise respectively the gross weight of described material about 40% to about 98% between and about at the most 24% WC and TiC; With
Bond described hard particles and be included as about at the most 32% cobalt of the gross weight of described material of binder substrate, described binder substrate is at most about 54% and about 29% rhenium and nickel-based superalloy of the gross weight of described material respectively.
110. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise respectively the gross weight of described material about 45% to about 98% between and about at the most 24% WC and TaC; With
Bond described hard particles and be included as about at the most 28% cobalt of the gross weight of described material of binder substrate, described binder substrate is at most about 47% and about 26% rhenium and nickel-based superalloy of the gross weight of described material respectively.
111. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise respectively the gross weight of described material about 35% to about 93% between, about 25% and about at the most 26% WC, TiC and TaC at the most; With
Bond described hard particles and be included as about at the most 44% cobalt of the gross weight of described material of binder substrate, described binder substrate is at most about 65% and about 41% rhenium and nickel-based superalloy of the gross weight of described material respectively.
112. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles be included in described material gross weight about 19% to about 88% between TiC, and about 38% the Mo that is at most the gross weight of described material 2C; With
Binder substrate, described binder substrate bond described hard particles and be included in described material gross weight about 9.5% to about 65% between rhenium.
113. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles be included in described material gross weight about 21% to about 89% between TiN, and about 36% the Mo that is at most the gross weight of described material 2C; With
Binder substrate, described binder substrate bond described hard particles and be included in described material gross weight about 9% to about 63% between rhenium.
114. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise about 84% TiC of the gross weight that is at most described material, are at most about 85% the TiN of gross weight of described material and about 36% the Mo that is at most the gross weight of described material 2C; With
Binder substrate, described binder substrate bond described hard particles and be included in described material gross weight about 9% to about 64% between rhenium.
115. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise about 83% TiC of the gross weight that is at most described material, be at most the gross weight of described material about 85% TiN, be at most about 25% Mo of the gross weight of described material 2C, about 39% the WC that is at most the gross weight of described material, about 30% the TaC that is at most the gross weight of described material, about 11% the VC of gross weight that is at most described material and about 16% the Cr that is at most the gross weight of described material 2C 3With
Binder substrate, described binder substrate bond described hard particles and be included in described material gross weight about 6% to about 65% between rhenium.
116. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise respectively the gross weight of described material about 30% to about 90% between and about at the most 40% TiC and Mo 2C; With
Binder substrate, described binder substrate bond described hard particles and be included in described material gross weight about 4% to about 41% between nickel-based superalloy.
117. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise about at the most 91% and about at the most 38% TiN and Mo of the gross weight that is respectively described material 2C; With
Binder substrate, described binder substrate bond described hard particles and be included in described material gross weight about 4% to about 38% between nickel-based superalloy.
118. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise about 90%, about 91% and about 38% TiC, TiN and the Mo of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively 2C; With
Binder substrate, described binder substrate bond described hard particles and be included in described material gross weight about 4% to about 40% between nickel-based superalloy.
119. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise about 90%, about 90%, about 25%, about 42% and about 36% TiC, TiN, the Mo of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively 2C, WC and TaC, described hard particles also comprise about 14% and about 18% VC and Cr of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively 2C 3With
Binder substrate, described binder substrate bond described hard particles and be included in described material gross weight about 2% to about 40% between nickel-based superalloy.
120. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise about 90%, about 91% and about 38% TiC, TiN and the Mo of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively 2C; With
Bond described hard particles and comprise about 64% and about 40% rhenium and nickel-based superalloy of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively of binder substrate, described binder substrate.
121. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise about 89%, about 90%, about 26%, about 42% and about 33% TiC, TiN, the Mo of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively 2C, WC and TaC, described hard particles also comprise about 16% and 18% VC and Cr of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively 2C 3With
Bond described hard particles and comprise about 64% and about 40% rhenium and nickel-based superalloy of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively of binder substrate, described binder substrate.
122. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise about 90%, about 91% and about 38% TiC, TiN and the Mo of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively 2C; With
Bond described hard particles and comprise about 64% and about 42% rhenium and nickel of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively of binder substrate, described binder substrate.
123. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise about 89%, about 90%, about 26%, about 42% and about 33% TiC, TiN, the Mo of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively 2C, WC and TaC, described hard particles also comprise about 16% and 18% VC and Cr of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively 2C 3With
Bond described hard particles and comprise about 64% and about 42% rhenium and nickel of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively of binder substrate, described binder substrate.
124. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise about 90%, about 91% and about 38% TiC, TiN and the Mo of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively 2C; With
Bond described hard particles and comprise about 64% and about 43% rhenium and cobalt of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively of binder substrate, described binder substrate.
125. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise about 89%, about 90%, about 26%, about 42% and about 32% TiC, TiN, the Mo of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively 2C, WC and TaC, described hard particles also comprise about 16% and 18% VC and Cr of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively 2C 3With
Bond described hard particles and comprise about 64% and about 43% rhenium and cobalt of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively of binder substrate, described binder substrate.
126. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise about 90%, about 91% and about 38% TiC, TiN and the Mo of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively 2C; With
Bond described hard particles and comprise about 40% and about 43% nickel-based superalloy and cobalt of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively of binder substrate, described binder substrate.
127. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise the gross weight that is at most described material respectively about 89%, about 90%, about 26%, about 42% between and about 33% TiC, TiN, Mo 2C, WC and TaC, described hard particles also comprise about 16% and 18% VC and Cr of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively 2C 3With
Bond described hard particles and comprise about 40% and about 43% nickel-based superalloy and cobalt of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively of binder substrate, described binder substrate.
128. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise about 90%, about 91% and about 38% TiC, TiN and the Mo of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively 2C; With
Bond described hard particles and comprise about 40% and about 43% nickel-based superalloy and nickel of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively of binder substrate, described binder substrate.
129. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise about 89%, about 90%, about 26%, about 42% and about 33% TiC, TiN, the Mo of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively 2C, WC and TaC, described hard particles also comprise about 16% and 18% VC and Cr of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively 2C 3With
Bond described hard particles and comprise about 40% and about 43% nickel-based superalloy and nickel of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively of binder substrate, described binder substrate.
130. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise about 90%, about 91% and about 38% TiC, TiN and the Mo of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively 2C; With
Bond described hard particles and comprise about 64%, about 40% and about 42% rhenium, nickel-based superalloy and the cobalt of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively of binder substrate, described binder substrate.
131. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise about 89%, about 90%, about 26%, about 42% and about 33% TiC, TiN, the Mo of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively 2C, WC and TaC, described hard particles also comprise about 16% and 18% VC and Cr of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively 2C 3With
Bond described hard particles and comprise about 63%, about 39% and about 42% rhenium, nickel-based superalloy and the cobalt of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively of binder substrate, described binder substrate.
132. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise about 90%, about 91% and about 38% TiC, TiN and the Mo of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively 2C; With
Bond described hard particles and comprise about 63%, about 40% and about 42% rhenium, nickel-based superalloy and the nickel of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively of binder substrate, described binder substrate.
133. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise about 89%, about 90%, about 26%, about 42% and about 33% TiC, TiN, the Mo of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively 2C, WC and TaC, described hard particles also comprise about 16% and 18% VC and Cr of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively 2C 3With
Bond described hard particles and comprise about 63%, about 39% and about 42% rhenium, nickel-based superalloy and the nickel of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively of binder substrate, described binder substrate.
134. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise about 90%, about 91% and about 38% TiC, TiN and the Mo of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively 2C; With
Bond described hard particles and comprise about 63%, about 42% and about 42% rhenium, nickel and the cobalt of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively of binder substrate, described binder substrate.
135. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise about 89%, about 90%, about 26%, about 42% and about 33% TiC, TiN, the Mo of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively 2C, WC and TaC, described hard particles also comprise about 16% and 18% VC and Cr of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively 2C 3With
Bond described hard particles and comprise about 63%, about 42% and about 42% rhenium, nickel and the cobalt of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively of binder substrate, described binder substrate.
136. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise about 90%, about 91% and about 38% TiC, TiN and the Mo of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively 2C; With
Bond described hard particles and comprise about 40%, about 42% and about 43% nickel-based superalloy, nickel and the cobalt of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively of binder substrate, described binder substrate.
137. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise about 89%, about 90%, about 26%, about 42% and about 33% TiC, TiN, the Mo of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively 2C, WC and TaC, described hard particles also comprise about 16% and 18% VC and Cr of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively 2C 3With
Bond described hard particles and comprise about 40%, about 42% and about 42% nickel-based superalloy, nickel and the cobalt of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively of binder substrate, described binder substrate.
138. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise about 90%, about 91% and about 38% TiC, TiN and the Mo of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively 2C; With
Bond described hard particles and comprise about 63%, about 39%, about 42% and about 42% rhenium, nickel-based superalloy, nickel and the cobalt of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively of binder substrate, described binder substrate.
139. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise about 89%, about 90%, about 26%, about 42% and about 33% TiC, TiN, the Mo of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively 2C, WC and TaC, described hard particles also comprise about 16% and 18% VC and Cr of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively 2C 3With
Bond described hard particles and comprise about 63%, about 39%, about 42% and about 42% rhenium, nickel-based superalloy, nickel and the cobalt of the gross weight that is at most described material respectively of binder substrate, described binder substrate.
140. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise at least a boride from the boride of the IVB in the periodic table, VB and VIB row; With
Bond described hard particles and comprise rhenium of binder substrate, described binder substrate, wherein said rhenium the gross weight of described material about 4% to about 76% between.
141. as above-mentioned the 140th described material, wherein said at least a boride be the gross weight of described material about 24% to about 87.5% between TiB 2, and described rhenium the gross weight of described material about 12.5% to about 76% between.
142. as above-mentioned the 140th described material, wherein said at least a boride be the gross weight of described material about 30% to about 90.5% between ZrB 2, and described rhenium the gross weight of described material about 9.5% to about 70% between.
143. as above-mentioned the 140th described material, wherein said at least a boride be the gross weight of described material about 44.5% to about 94.5% between HfB 2, and described rhenium the gross weight of described material about 5.5% to about 55.5% between.
144. as above-mentioned the 140th described material, wherein said at least a boride be the gross weight of described material about 27% to about 89% between VB 2, and described rhenium the gross weight of described material about 11% to about 73% between.
145. as above-mentioned the 140th described material, wherein said at least a boride be the gross weight of described material about 34% to about 92% between NbB 2, and described rhenium the gross weight of described material about 8% to about 66% between.
146. as above-mentioned the 140th described material, wherein said at least a boride be the gross weight of described material about 47% to about 95% between TaB 2, and described rhenium the gross weight of described material about 5% to about 53% between.
147. as above-mentioned the 140th described material, wherein said at least a boride be the gross weight of described material about 30.5% to about 90.5% between Cr 3B 2, and described rhenium the gross weight of described material about 9.5% to about 69.5% between.
148. as above-mentioned the 140th described material, wherein said at least a boride be the gross weight of described material about 36% to about 92.5% between MoB 2, and described rhenium the gross weight of described material about 7.5% to about 64% between.
149. as above-mentioned the 140th described material, wherein said at least a boride be the gross weight of described material about 53% to about 96% between WB, and described rhenium the gross weight of described material about 4% to about 47% between.
150. as above-mentioned the 140th described material, wherein said at least a boride be the gross weight of described material about 53% to about 96% between W 2B, and described rhenium the gross weight of described material about 4% to about 47% between.
151. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise at least a silicide from the silicide of the IVB in the periodic table, VB and VIB row; With
Bond described hard particles and comprise rhenium of binder substrate, described binder substrate, wherein said rhenium the gross weight of described material about 6% to about 77% between.
152. as above-mentioned the 151st described material, wherein said at least a silicide be the gross weight of described material about 23% to about 87% between Ti 5Si 3, and described rhenium the gross weight of described material about 13% to about 77% between.
153. as above-mentioned the 151st described material, wherein said at least a silicide be the gross weight of described material about 28% to about 90% between Zr 6Si 5, and described rhenium the gross weight of described material about 10% to about 72% between.
154. as above-mentioned the 151st described material, wherein said at least a silicide be the gross weight of described material about 31% to about 91% between NbSi 2, and described rhenium the gross weight of described material about 9% to about 69% between.
155. as above-mentioned the 151st described material, wherein said at least a silicide be the gross weight of described material about 38% to about 93% between TaSi 2, and described rhenium the gross weight of described material about 7% to about 62% between.
156. as above-mentioned the 151st described material, wherein said at least a silicide be the gross weight of described material about 31% to about 91% between MoSi 2, and described rhenium the gross weight of described material about 9% to about 69% between.
157. as above-mentioned the 151st described material, wherein said at least a silicide be the gross weight of described material about 40% to about 94% between WSi 2, and described rhenium the gross weight of described material about 6% to about 60% between.
158. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles; With
Bond described hard particles and comprise tungsten of binder substrate, described binder substrate.
159. as above-mentioned the 158th described material, wherein said hard particles comprises at least a carbide from the carbide of the IVB in the periodic table, VB and VIB row, and described tungsten the gross weight of described material about 4% to about 72% between.
160. as above-mentioned the 159th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 28% and about 89% between TiC, and described tungsten the gross weight of described material about 11% and about 72% between.
161. as above-mentioned the 159th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 34% and about 92% between ZrC, and described tungsten the gross weight of described material about 8% and about 66% between.
162. as above-mentioned the 159th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 50% and about 96% between HfC, and described tungsten the gross weight of described material about 4% and about 50% between.
163. as above-mentioned the 159th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 30% and about 90% between VC, and described tungsten the gross weight of described material about 10% and about 70% between.
164. as above-mentioned the 159th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 38% and about 93% between NbC, and described tungsten the gross weight of described material about 7% and about 62% between.
165. as above-mentioned the 159th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 53% and about 96% between TaC, and described tungsten the gross weight of described material about 4% and about 47% between.
166. as above-mentioned the 159th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 34% and about 92% between Cr 2C 3, and described tungsten the gross weight of described material about 8% and about 66% between.
167. as above-mentioned the 159th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 41% and about 94% between Mo 2C, and described tungsten the gross weight of described material about 6% and about 59% between.
168. as above-mentioned the 159th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 55% and about 96% between WC, and described tungsten the gross weight of described material about 4% and about 45% between.
169. as above-mentioned the 158th described material, wherein said hard particles comprises at least a nitride from the nitride of the IVB in the periodic table and VB row, and described tungsten the gross weight of described material about 4% and about 72% between.
170. as above-mentioned the 169th described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 28% and about 89% between TiN, and described tungsten the gross weight of described material about 11% and about 72% between.
171. as above-mentioned the 169th described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 36% and about 92% between ZrN, and described tungsten the gross weight of described material about 8% and about 64% between.
172. as above-mentioned the 169th described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 52% and about 96% between HfN, and described tungsten the gross weight of described material about 4% and about 48% between.
173. as above-mentioned the 169th described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 32% and about 91% between VN, and described tungsten the gross weight of described material about 9% and about 68% between.
174. as above-mentioned the 169th described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 36% and about 92% between NbN, and described tungsten the gross weight of described material about 8% and about 64% between.
175. as above-mentioned the 169th described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 53% and about 96% between TaN, and described tungsten the gross weight of described material about 4% and about 47% between.
176. as above-mentioned the 158th described material, wherein said hard particles comprises at least a boride from the boride of the IVB in the periodic table, VB and VIB row, and described tungsten the gross weight of described material about 3% and about 74% between.
177. as above-mentioned the 176th described material, wherein said at least a boride be the gross weight of described material about 26% and about 88% between TiB 2, and described tungsten the gross weight of described material about 12% and about 74% between.
178. as above-mentioned the 176th described material, wherein said at least a boride be the gross weight of described material about 32% and about 91% between ZrB 2, and described tungsten the gross weight of described material about 9% and about 68% between.
179. as above-mentioned the 176th described material, wherein said at least a boride be the gross weight of described material about 46% and about 95% between HfB 2, and described tungsten the gross weight of described material about 5% and about 54% between.
180. as above-mentioned the 176th described material, wherein said at least a boride be the gross weight of described material about 28% and about 90% between VB 2, and described tungsten the gross weight of described material about 10% and about 72% between.
181. as above-mentioned the 176th described material, wherein said at least a boride be the gross weight of described material about 36% and about 92% between NbB 2, and described tungsten the gross weight of described material about 8% and about 64% between.
182. as above-mentioned the 176th described material, wherein said at least a boride be the gross weight of described material about 49% and about 95% between TaB 2, and described tungsten the gross weight of described material about 5% and about 51% between.
183. as above-mentioned the 176th described material, wherein said at least a boride be the gross weight of described material about 32% and about 91% between Cr 3B 2, and described tungsten the gross weight of described material about 9% and about 68% between.
184. as above-mentioned the 176th described material, wherein said at least a boride be the gross weight of described material about 38% and about 93% between MoB 2, and described tungsten the gross weight of described material about 7% and about 62% between.
185. as above-mentioned the 176th described material, wherein said at least a boride be the gross weight of described material about 55% and about 96% between WB, and described tungsten the gross weight of described material about 4% and about 45% between.
186. as above-mentioned the 176th described material, wherein said at least a boride be the gross weight of described material about 56% and about 97% between W 2B, and described tungsten the gross weight of described material about 3% and about 44% between.
187. as above-mentioned the 158th described material, wherein said hard particles comprises at least a silicide from the silicide of the IVB in the periodic table, VB and VIB row, and described tungsten the gross weight of described material about 6% and about 75% between.
188. as above-mentioned the 187th described material, wherein said at least a silicide be the gross weight of described material about 25% and about 88% between Ti 5Si 3, and described tungsten the gross weight of described material about 12% and about 75% between.
189. as above-mentioned the 187th described material, wherein said at least a silicide be the gross weight of described material about 30% and about 90% between Zr 6Si 5, and described tungsten the gross weight of described material about 10% and about 70% between.
190. as above-mentioned the 187th described material, wherein said at least a silicide be the gross weight of described material about 33% and about 91% between NbSi 2, and described tungsten the gross weight of described material about 9% and about 67% between.
191. as above-mentioned the 187th described material, wherein said at least a silicide be the gross weight of described material about 40% and about 93% between TaSi 2, and described tungsten the gross weight of described material about 7% and about 60% between.
192. as above-mentioned the 187th described material, wherein said at least a silicide be the gross weight of described material about 31% and about 91% between MoSi 2, and described tungsten the gross weight of described material about 9% and about 67% between.
193. as above-mentioned the 187th described material, wherein said at least a silicide be the gross weight of described material about 42% and about 94% between WSi 2, and described tungsten the gross weight of described material about 6% and about 58% between.
194. as above-mentioned the 158th described material, wherein except that tungsten, described binder substrate material also comprises rhenium.
195. as above-mentioned the 194th described material, wherein said hard particles comprises at least a carbide from the carbide of the IVB in the periodic table, VB and VIB row, and
Wherein said rhenium is less than gross weight about 73% of described material, and described tungsten be less than described material gross weight about 72%.
196. as the above-mentioned the 195th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 26% and about 89% between TiC.
197. as the above-mentioned the 195th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 32% and about 92% between ZrC.
198. as the above-mentioned the 195th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 48% and about 95% between HfC.
199. as the above-mentioned the 195th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 28% and about 90% between VC.
200. as the above-mentioned the 195th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 36% and about 93% between NbC.
201. as the above-mentioned the 195th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 51% and about 96% between TaC.
202. as the above-mentioned the 195th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 32% and about 92% between Cr 2C 3
203. as the above-mentioned the 195th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 39% and about 94% between Mo 2C.
204. as the above-mentioned the 195th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 53% and about 96% between WC.
205. as above-mentioned the 194th described material, wherein said hard particles comprises at least a nitride from the nitride of IVB in the periodic table and VB row, and
Wherein said rhenium is less than gross weight about 71% of described material, and tungsten be less than described material gross weight about 70%.
206. as the above-mentioned the 205th described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 28% and about 90% between TiN.
207. as the above-mentioned the 205th described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 34% and about 92% between ZrN.
208. as the above-mentioned the 205th described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 50% and about 96% between HfN.
209. as the above-mentioned the 205th described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 30% and about 91% between VN.
210. as the above-mentioned the 205th described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 35% and about 92% between NbN.
211. as the above-mentioned the 205th described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 51% and about 96% between TaN.
212. as the above-mentioned the 194th described material, wherein said hard particles comprises at least a boride from the boride of the IVB in the periodic table, VB and VIB row, and
Wherein said rhenium is less than gross weight about 75% of described material, and described tungsten be less than described material gross weight about 73%.
213. as the above-mentioned the 212nd described material, wherein said at least a boride be the gross weight of described material about 24% and about 88% between TiB 2
214. as the above-mentioned the 212nd described material, wherein said at least a boride be the gross weight of described material about 30% and about 91% between ZrB 2
215. as the above-mentioned the 212nd described material, wherein said at least a boride be the gross weight of described material about 44% and about 95% between HfB 2
215A. as the above-mentioned the 212nd described material, wherein said at least a boride be the gross weight of described material about 27% and about 90% between VB 2
216. as the above-mentioned the 212nd described material, wherein said at least a boride be the gross weight of described material about 34% and about 92% between NbrB 2
217. as the above-mentioned the 212nd described material, wherein said at least a boride be the gross weight of described material about 47% and about 96% between TaB 2
218. as the above-mentioned the 212nd described material, wherein said at least a boride be the gross weight of described material about 32% and about 91% between Cr 3B 2
219. as the above-mentioned the 212nd described material, wherein said at least a boride be the gross weight of described material about 36% and about 93% between MoB 2
220. as the above-mentioned the 212nd described material, wherein said at least a boride be the gross weight of described material about 53% and about 96% between WB.
221. as the above-mentioned the 212nd described material, wherein said at least a boride be the gross weight of described material about 54% and about 97% between W 2B.
223. as above-mentioned the 194th described material, wherein said hard particles comprises at least a silicide from the silicide of the IVB in the periodic table, VB and VIB row, and
Wherein said rhenium is less than gross weight about 76% of described material, and tungsten be less than described material gross weight about 74%.
224. as the above-mentioned the 223rd described material, wherein said at least a silicide be the gross weight of described material about 24% and about 88% between Ti 5Si 3
225. as the above-mentioned the 223rd described material, wherein said at least a silicide be the gross weight of described material about 28% and about 90% between Zr 6Si 5
226. as the above-mentioned the 223rd described material, wherein said at least a silicide be the gross weight of described material about 31% and about 91% between NbSi 2
227. as the above-mentioned the 223rd described material, wherein said at least a silicide be the gross weight of described material about 38% and about 93% between TaSi 2
228. as the above-mentioned the 223rd described material, wherein said at least a silicide be the gross weight of described material about 31% and about 91% between MoSi 2
229. as the above-mentioned the 223rd described material, wherein said at least a silicide be the gross weight of described material about 40% and about 94% between WSi 2
230. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise at least a nitride from the nitride of IVB in the periodic table and VB row; With
Bond described hard particles and comprise 71% rhenium of the gross weight that is less than described material and be less than 52% cobalt of the gross weight of described material of binder substrate, described binder substrate.
231. as the above-mentioned the 230th described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 28% and about 95% between TiN.
232. as the above-mentioned the 230th described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 34% and about 96% between ZrN.
233. as the above-mentioned the 230th described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 50% and about 98% between HfN.
234. as the above-mentioned the 230th described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 30% and about 96% between VN.
235. as the above-mentioned the 230th described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 34% and about 96% between NbN.
236. as the above-mentioned the 230th described material, wherein said at least a nitride be the gross weight of described material about 51% and about 98% between TaN.
237. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise at least a boride from the boride of the IVB in the periodic table, VB and VIB row; With
Bond described hard particles and comprise 75% rhenium of the gross weight that is less than described material and be less than 56% cobalt of the gross weight of described material of binder substrate, described binder substrate.
238. as the above-mentioned the 237th described material, wherein said at least a boride be the gross weight of described material about 24% and about 34% between TiB 2
239. as the above-mentioned the 237th described material, wherein said at least a boride be the gross weight of described material about 30% and about 96% between ZrB 2
240. as the above-mentioned the 237th described material, wherein said at least a boride be the gross weight of described material about 45% and about 98% between HfB 2
241. as the above-mentioned the 237th described material, wherein said at least a boride be the gross weight of described material about 27% and about 95% between VB 2
242. as the above-mentioned the 237th described material, wherein said at least a boride be the gross weight of described material about 34% and about 96% between NbB 2
243. as the above-mentioned the 237th described material, wherein said at least a boride be the gross weight of described material about 48% and about 98% between TaB 2
244. as the above-mentioned the 237th described material, wherein said at least a boride be the gross weight of described material about 30% and about 96% between Cr 3B 2
245. as the above-mentioned the 237th described material, wherein said at least a boride be the gross weight of described material about 36% and about 97% between MoB 2
246. as the above-mentioned the 237th described material, wherein said at least a boride be the gross weight of described material about 53% and about 98% between WB.
247. as the above-mentioned the 237th described material, wherein said at least a boride be the gross weight of described material about 55% and about 98% between W 2B.
248. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise at least a silicide from the silicide of IVB in the periodic table and VB row; With
Bond described hard particles and comprise 76% rhenium of the gross weight that is less than described material and be less than 57% cobalt of the gross weight of described material of binder substrate, described binder substrate.
249. as the above-mentioned the 248th described material, wherein said at least a silicide be the gross weight of described material about 24% and about 94% between Ti 5Si 3
250. as the above-mentioned the 248th described material, wherein said at least a silicide be the gross weight of described material about 28% and about 95% between Zr 6Si 3
251. as the above-mentioned the 248th described material, wherein said at least a silicide be the gross weight of described material about 31% and about 96% between NbSi 2
252. as the above-mentioned the 248th described material, wherein said at least a silicide be the gross weight of described material about 38% and about 97% between TaSi 2
253. as the above-mentioned the 248th described material, wherein said at least a silicide be the gross weight of described material about 31% and about 96% between MoSi 2
254. as the above-mentioned the 248th described material, wherein said at least a silicide be the gross weight of described material about 40% and about 97% between WSi 2
255. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise at least a carbide from the carbide of the IVB in the periodic table, VB and VIB row; With
Bond described hard particles and comprise 74% rhenium of the gross weight that is less than described material and be less than 57% molybdenum of the gross weight of described material of binder substrate, described binder substrate.
256. as the above-mentioned the 255th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 26% and about 94% between TiC.
257. as the above-mentioned the 255th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 32% and about 95% between ZrC.
258. as the above-mentioned the 255th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 48% and about 98% between HfC.
259. as the above-mentioned the 255th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 28% and about 95% between VC.
260. as the above-mentioned the 255th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 36% and about 98% between NbC.
261. as the above-mentioned the 255th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 51% and about 98% between TaC.
262. as the above-mentioned the 255th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 32% and about 95% between Cr 2C 3
263. as the above-mentioned the 255th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 40% and about 97% between Mo 2C.
264. as the above-mentioned the 255th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 53% and about 98% between WC.
265. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise at least a carbide from the carbide of the IVB in the periodic table, VB and VIB row; With
Bond described hard particles and comprise 74% rhenium of the gross weight that is less than described material and be less than 54% nickel of the gross weight of described material of binder substrate, described binder substrate.
266. as the above-mentioned the 265th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 26% and about 95% between TiC.
267. as the above-mentioned the 265th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 32% and about 96% between ZrC.
268. as the above-mentioned the 265th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 48% and about 98% between HfC.
269. as the above-mentioned the 265th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 28% and about 95% between VC.
270. as the above-mentioned the 265th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 36% and about 97% between NbC.
271. as the above-mentioned the 265th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 51% and about 98% between TaC.
272. as the above-mentioned the 265th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 32% and about 96% between Cr 2C 3
273. as the above-mentioned the 265th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 40% and about 97% between Mo 2C.
274. as the above-mentioned the 265th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 53% and about 98% between WC.
275. a material, it comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise at least a carbide from the carbide of the IVB in the periodic table, VB and VIB row; With
Bond described hard particles and comprise 74% rhenium of the gross weight that is less than described material and be less than 48% chromium of the gross weight of described material of binder substrate, described binder substrate.
276. as the above-mentioned the 275th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 26% and about 96% between TiC.
277. as the above-mentioned the 275th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 32% and about 97% between ZrC.
278. as the above-mentioned the 275th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 48% and about 98% between HfC.
279. as the above-mentioned the 275th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 28% and about 95% between VC.
280. as the above-mentioned the 275th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 36% and about 97% between NbC.
281. as the above-mentioned the 275th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 51% and about 98% between TaC.
282. as the above-mentioned the 275th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 32% and about 97% between Cr 2C 3
283. as the above-mentioned the 275th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 40% and about 98% between Mo 2C.
284. as the above-mentioned the 275th described material, wherein said at least a carbide be the gross weight of described material about 53% and about 98.6% between WC.
285. a method, described method comprises:
Preparation is used for the metal surface of thermal spraying treatment; With
Carry out described thermal spraying treatment on described metal surface, depositing carbide alloy,
Wherein said carbide alloy comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprises the material of being made by carbide, nitride, boride or silicide at least; With
Described hard particles and comprise the binder substrate of rhenium at least bonds.
286. a method, described method comprises:
Preparation is used for the metal surface of thermal spraying treatment; With
Carry out described thermal spraying treatment on described metal surface, depositing carbide alloy,
Wherein said carbide alloy comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprises the material of being made by carbide, nitride, boride or silicide at least; With
Described hard particles and comprise the binder substrate of Ni base superalloy at least bonds.
287. a method, described method comprises:
Preparation is used for the metal surface of thermal spraying treatment; With
Carry out described thermal spraying treatment on described metal surface, depositing carbide alloy,
Wherein said carbide alloy comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprises the material of being made by carbide, nitride, boride or silicide at least; With
Described hard particles and comprise the binder substrate of tungsten at least bonds.
Describe these and other feature, embodiment and advantage in detail with regard to accompanying drawing, detailed Description Of The Invention and claim now.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 has shown a kind of illustrative preparation flow process of preparation according to the carbide alloy of an embodiment.
Fig. 2 has shown and has been used to handle the exemplary two-step sintering method that is in solid-state carbide alloy.
Fig. 3,4,5,6,7 and 8 has shown the performance of the various measurements of selected exemplary carbide alloy.
Fig. 9 and 10 has illustrated the example of hot spray process.
Figure 11 has shown an example of the friction stir welding tools system with the agitating friction soldering tip that uses the material described in the application.
Detailed Description Of The Invention
Friction stir welding is a joined metal member under infusible situation, and avoids the solid welding method of various negative effects relevant with the traditional welding technology of deposite metal part.Especially, friction stir welding can be used for producing big pad in various geometrical constructions, and is wherein in the workpiece that the cylindrical tool head input of rotation is clamped rigidly, traversing along the joint between two soldered metalworks then.Described instrument is designed to workpiece material be provided the combination of frictional heat and hot machining especially when instrument is traversing along joint.Immediately following after instrument, having formed firm solid-state bond.
Figure 11 has illustrated an example of FSW system.FSW 102 and handle 108 engagements, handle 108 and then be fixed on the rotor can comprise the shoulder that pin and pin are engaged with.Can use chuck to keep handle, make in welding process, rotor makes handle 108 rotations, and described handle 108 makes FSW 102 rotations.In operation, the plumb joint of rotation is pressed onto on the interface of two metalworks 1 will being welded together and 2, and moves along joint interface.FSW 102 comprise and the shoulder 104 of handle 108 engagements and with the pin 106 of shoulder 104 engagements.Pin 106 directly contacts to weld them together with two metalworks with shoulder 104.In some embodiments, pin 106 and shoulder 104 are made by the Hardmetal materials described in the application.In other embodiments, the surface of pin and shoulder can be made by the material described in the application, and the interior section of pin and shoulder can be made from a variety of materials.Show high hardness and toughness under the high temperature that various materials described here are sold and shoulder is experienced in the friction stir welding process, therefore can be used to construct described FSW head.
It at exercise question the United States Patent (USP) 6 of " friction stir welding (Frication stir welding using asuperabrasive tool) that uses superabrasive tool ", 648,206 and exercise question the example of FSW head design has also been described for the U.S. Patent Publication US2004/0238599 (A1) of " be used for high-strength material and by the apparatus and method (Apparatus and method for Fricationstir welding of high strength materials and articles made thereform) of the friction stir welding of its goods of making ".Above-mentioned two parts of U.S. patent documents are by reference in conjunction with the part as the application's specification.
In some embodiments, the pin of whole FSW instrument or FSW instrument and shoulder can be made by material described in the application such as cermet.For example, cermet can be the metal bonding ceramic particle from least a ceramic material.The example of pottery comprises carbide, nitride, boride and silicide.Carbide can comprise TiC, ZrC, HfC, VC, NbC, TaC, Cr 3C 2, MoC, Mo 2C, WC, W 2At least a among the C.Nitride can comprise at least a among TiN, ZrN, HfN, VN, the NbN.Boride can comprise TiB 2, ZrB 2, HfB 2, VB 2, NbB 2, TaB 2, Cr 3C 2, CrB 2, Mo 2C, MoB, MoB 2, W 2At least a among C, the WB.Silicide can comprise Ti 5Si 3, Zr 6Si 5, Zr 3Si 2, Zr 4Si 3, ZrSi, HfSi 2, NbSi 2, TaSi 2, Mo 3Si 2, MoSi 2, W 3Si 2, WSi 2In at least a.At least a or multiple metal adhesive material can be used for bonded particulate, for example Re, Ni base superalloy, Re-Ni base superalloy, Re-Co, Re-Ni, Re-Fe, Re-Cr, Re-Mo, Ni base superalloy-Fe, Ni base superalloy-Ni, Ni base superalloy-Co, Ni base superalloy-Cr, Ni base superalloy-Mo, Ni base superalloy-Ni base superalloy, Re-Ni base superalloy-Ni, Re-Ni base superalloy-Co, Re-Ni base superalloy-Fe, Re-Ni base superalloy-Cr and Re-Ni base superalloy-Mo.
More examples of the material that is used for shoulder and pin are described below.
The composition of carbide alloy is important because they directly influence carbide alloy in its expection application technical performance and the preparation process at these carbide alloy in the treatment conditions and the equipment that use.Carbide alloy is formed also may directly influence the cost of material and the cost relevant with the preparation method that is used for carbide alloy.Owing to these and other reason, in hard carbide industry, carried out extensive efforts to develop technical good and economically feasible carbide alloy composition.The application has described the carbide alloy material compositions with selected binder substrate material that feature performance benefit is provided together among feature.
Interesting carbide alloy comprises various hard particles and various binder substrate material with material compositions.Usually, hard particles can be listed as (Cr for example by the IVB in periodic table of elements row (for example TiC, ZrC, HfC), VB row (for example VC, NbC, TaC) and VIB 3C 2, Mo 2C, WC) in the carbide of metal form.In addition, can also use the nitride that forms by the metallic element in row of the IVB in the periodic table of elements (for example TiN, ZrN, HfN) and the VB row (for example VN, NbN and TaN).For example, a kind of hard particles material component that is widely used in multiple carbide alloy is a tungsten carbide, for example a tungsten carbide (WC).Various nitride can be mixed with carbide to form hard particles.Can be with two or more combinations of above-mentioned and other carbide and nitride to form the WC base cemented carbide or not have the carbide alloy of WC.The example of the mixture of different carbide includes but not limited to the mixture of WC and TiC and the mixture of WC, TiC and TaC.Except that various carbide, can also use nitride, carbonitride, boride and silicide as the hard particles that is used for carbide alloy.The example of various suitable hard particles has been described in this application.
Except that the matrix that is provided for hard particles is bonded together, the material of binder substrate is formed the hard of the carbide alloy that can appreciable impact obtains and the performance of infusibility.Usually, binder substrate can be included in one or more transition metal in the periodic table of elements the 8th row, as cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni) and iron (Fe), and the metal in the 6B row, as molybdenum (Mo) and chromium (Cr).Two or more of these and other cementing metal can be mixed together to be formed for the required binder substrate of suitable hard particles that bonds.For example, some binder substrates use and have Co, the Ni of different relative weights and the combination of Mo.
Hard alloy composition described herein is a part based on the development of following understanding: can special configuration and the material of adjusting binder substrate form the specific (special) requirements of satisfying various application so that high performance carbide alloy to be provided.Particularly, the material of binder substrate is formed other material property to the carbide alloy that obtains, and as elasticity, rigidity and intensive parameter (comprising cross-breaking strength, hot strength and impact strength) appreciable impact is arranged.Therefore, the inventor recognizes, for the performance of the carbide alloy that improves material property and obtain, need provide suitable binder substrate material to form with the material of other component of mating hard particles and carbide alloy better and form.
More specifically, these hard alloy compositions use the binder substrate of the combination that comprises rhenium, nickel-based superalloy or at least a nickel-based superalloy and other binder material.Wherein, other binder material that is fit to can comprise rhenium (Re) or cobalt.Ni base superalloy shows the high strength of materials under higher temperature.The carbide alloy that this binder material of resulting usefulness forms can have benefited from the rhenium and the Ni-superalloy high strength of materials at high temperature, and shows augmented performance at high temperature.In addition, Ni base superalloy also shows good anticorrosive and oxidisability, therefore as binder material the time, can improve the corresponding resistance of carbide alloy.
The composition of the carbide alloy of Miao Shuing can comprise the binder substrate material of about 3 volume % of all material that accounts in the carbide alloy to about 40 volume % in this application, makes the corresponding percent by volume of hard particles be about 97% to about 60% respectively.In above-mentioned percent by volume scope, binder substrate material in certain embodiments can be that about 4 volume % among the volume of all Hardmetal materials are to about 35 volume %.More preferably, the composition of some carbide alloy can have among the volume that accounts for all Hardmetal materials about 5 volume % to the binder substrate material of about 30 volume %.The percentage by weight of the binder substrate material in the gross weight of the carbide alloy that obtains can obtain from the concrete composition of carbide alloy.
In various embodiments, binder substrate can be mainly be combined to form by nickel-based superalloy and by nickel-based superalloy and other element such as the various of Re, Co, Ni, Fe, Mo and Cr.Except that Ni, interesting Ni base superalloy all right containing element Co, Cr, Al, Ti, Mo, W and other element such as Ta, Nb, B, Zr and C.For example, Ni base superalloy can comprise the following component metals with the weight percent meter of the gross weight of superalloy: about 30% to about 70% Ni, about 10% to about 30% Cr, about 0% to about 25% Co, add up to about 4% to about 12% Al and Ti, about 0% to about 10% Mo, about 0% to about 10% W, about 0% to about 10% Ta, about 0% to about 5% Nb and about 0% to about 5% Hf.Ni base superalloy can also comprise one or both of Re and Hf, for example, and 0% to about 10% Re and 0% to about 5% Hf.The Ni base superalloy that contains Re can be used for application at high temperature.Ni base superalloy can also comprise a small amount of other element, as B, Zr and C.
Compound TaC and NbC have similar performance to a certain extent, and in some embodiments, can be used in partially or completely mutual alternative or replacement of hard alloy composition.HfC and NbC any one or two kinds of can also be used to replace or replace part or all of TaC in carbide alloy design.Compound WC, TiC, TaC can be prepared separately, mix then to form mixture, perhaps can be with the form preparation of solid solution.When using mixture, this mixture can be selected from least a in following: the mixture of (1) WC, TiC and TaC; (2) mixture of WC, TiC and NbC; (3) at least a mixture of WC, TiC and TaC and NbC; And at least a mixture of (4) WC, TiC and HfC and NbC.The solid solution of multiple carbide can show mixture more performance and the characteristic than several carbide.Therefore, hard particles can be selected from least a in following: the solid solution of (1) WC, TiC and TaC; (2) solid solution of WC, TiC and NbC; (3) at least a solid solution of WC, TiC and TaC and NbC; And at least a solid solution of (4) WC, TiC and HfC and NbC.
Nickel-based superalloy as binder material can be in γ-γ ' phase, and the γ ' that wherein has the FCC tissue mixes mutually with γ.Intensity increases along with temperature in to a certain degree.The performance that the another kind of this Ni base superalloy needs is its high anti-oxidant and corrosivity.Can use nickel-based superalloy partially or completely to replace Co in various Co based binder compositions.As confirming by the embodiment among the application, in the binder substrate of carbide alloy, not only comprise rhenium but also comprise the performance that nickel-based superalloy can significantly improve the carbide alloy that obtains, this has benefited from existence owing to Re and has at high temperature premium properties, utilizes the lower sintering temperature of Ni base superalloy to keep the low sintering temperature of appropriateness to be easy to preparation simultaneously.In addition, the Re of the lower content in these adhesive compositions allows to reduce the cost of binder material, makes that these materials are feasible economically.
Based on the concrete composition of binder substrate, the gross weight that this nickel-based superalloy can have with respect to all material component in binder substrate is the weight percent of a few percent to 100%.Typical nickel-based superalloy can mainly comprise and is in nickel and other metal component that γ-γ ' strengthens attitude mutually, so it shows along with temperature raises and the enhancing intensity that increases.
Various nickel-based superalloys can have the fusing point that is lower than common binder material cobalt, the alloy of the commodity that provide as Special Metals Rene-95, Udimet-700 by name, Udimet-720, they mainly comprise the Ni with Co, Cr, Al, Ti, Mo, Nb, W, B and Zr combination.Therefore, the carbide alloy that contains the binding agent of Co with use is compared, and uses this nickel-based superalloy as can the not raise fusing point of the carbide alloy that obtains of binder material separately.
Yet, in one embodiment, nickel-based superalloy can be used for binding agent so that the high strength of materials to be provided, and improve the carbide alloy that obtains at the material hardness that is close to or higher than under 500 ℃ the high temperature.The test of the sample of some preparations confirms, compare with the similar material composition that in binding agent, does not have Ni base superalloy, in binding agent, have the material hardness of carbide alloy of Ni base superalloy and intensity and for example can under low operating temperature, significantly improve at least 10%.Following table has shown the sample P 65 and P46A and the measured hardness parameter that the pure Co of use compares with P47A as the sample P 49 of binding agent that has Ni base superalloy in binding agent, wherein the composition of sample is listed in the table 4.
The influence of the Ni base superalloy (NS) in binding agent
Sample number into spectrum Co or NS binding agent Hv (Kg/mm at room temperature 2) Ksc (x10 at room temperature 6Pa·m 1/2) Relatively
P49 Co:10 volume % 2186 6.5
P65 NS:10 volume % 2532 6.7 Hv is than the Hv of P49 about 16%
P47A Co:15 volume % 2160 6.4
P46A NS:15 volume % 2364 6.4 Hv is than the Hv of P47A about 10%
Significantly, be higher than under 500 ℃ the High Operating Temperature, the carbide alloy sample that has Ni base superalloy in binding agent can show the material hardness that is significantly higher than the similar carbide alloy sample that does not have Ni base superalloy in binding agent.In addition, compare, can also improve carbide alloy or the ceramic-metallic corrosion resistance that obtains as the basic superalloy of the Ni of binder material with the carbide alloy or the cermet that use conventional cobalt as binding agent.
Nickel-based superalloy can use the binder substrate that needs to form separately or with other element combinations.Can include but not limited to another kind of nickel-based superalloy, other non-nickel-base alloys, Re, Co, Ni, Fe, Mo and Cr with other element that forms binder substrate with the nickel-based superalloy combination.
Can use the strong bonding that hard particles is provided as the rhenium of binder material, and particularly can produce the high-melting-point of the Hardmetal materials that obtains.The fusing point of rhenium is about 3180 ℃, is much higher than as 1495 ℃ of the fusing points of the normally used cobalt of binder material.This characteristic of rhenium help to have the binding agent that uses Re carbide alloy strengthen the property the hardness and the intensity of the carbide alloy that for example obtains raising at high temperature.Re also has other as the needed performance of binder material.For example, compare, can significantly improve the hardness, cross-breaking strength, fracture toughness and the fusing point that in its binder substrate, have the carbide alloy of Re with the similar carbide alloy that in binder substrate, does not have Re.Be higher than 2600Kg/mm 2Hardness Hv in binder substrate, have in the exemplary WC base cemented carbide of Re to obtain.The fusing point of some exemplary WC base cemented carbides, promptly sintering temperature demonstrates greater than 2200 ℃.Comparatively speaking, the sintering temperature of the WC base cemented carbide that has Co in binding agent in the table 2.1 in the Brookes that quotes is lower than 1500 ℃.Carbide alloy with high sintering temperature allows be lower than operative material under the high temperature of sintering temperature.For example, can be with high speed operation based on this total treating capacity that contains the instrument of Re Hardmetal materials with minimizing processing time and processing.
Yet, in practice, in carbide alloy, use Re may have limitation as binder material.High sintering temperature when for example, the high-temperature behavior of required Re causes preparing usually.Therefore, need operate baker or the smelting furnace that is used for conventional sintering processes more than the high sintering temperature at this.Can may be expensive for example being higher than baker or the smelting furnace operated under these high temperature of 2200 ℃, and not be widely used in commercial the application.United States Patent (USP) 5,476,531 disclose and use a kind of omnidirectional fast compacting (ROC) method to be reduced in treatment temperature in the preparation WC base cemented carbide, and described WC base cemented carbide has 6% to 18% pure Re as binder material of the gross weight that accounts for each carbide alloy.Yet it is expensive that this ROC method remains, and be unsuitable for usually commercially producing.
A potential advantage of hard alloy composition described here and composing method is that they can provide or allow more practical preparation method to have the carbide alloy of the mixture of Re or Re and other binder material with preparation in binder substrate.Particularly, this two-step method makes and can prepare 25% the carbide alloy of gross weight that Re wherein is equal to or greater than the binder substrate of the carbide alloy that obtains.Can use and thisly have the carbide alloy that is equal to or greater than 25% Re and obtain at high temperature the high rigidity and the high strength of materials.
Another limitation that will be used for carbide alloy as the pure Re of binder material is that Re is severe oxidation in about air more than 350 ℃.The non-oxidizability of this difference may sharply reduce the pure Re application as the binding agent that is used to be higher than about 300 ℃ any application.Because Ni base superalloy has unusual intensity and non-oxidizability under 1000 ℃, use intensity and the non-oxidizability of this mixture so can use the mixture of Ni base superalloy and Re to improve as the resulting carbide alloy of binding agent, in this mixture, Re is the main material in binding agent.On the other hand, Re is added mainly the melting range that can increase the carbide alloy that obtains in the binding agent of forming by Ni base superalloy and the elevated temperature strength and the creep resistance that improve the basic superalloy binding agent of Ni.
Usually, a few percent of the gross weight of the binder substrate that the weight percent of the rhenium in binder substrate should be in carbide alloy is to basically between 100%.Preferably, the weight percent of the rhenium in binder substrate should be equal to or higher than 5%.Particularly, the weight percent of the rhenium in binder substrate can be equal to or higher than 10% of binder substrate.In some embodiments, the weight percent of the rhenium in binder substrate can be equal to or higher than the carbide alloy that obtains binder substrate gross weight 25%.Can use the two-step method of describing in this application to prepare the carbide alloy of the Re with this high concentration at a lower temperature.
Because rhenium is more expensive than other material that is used for carbide alloy usually, so should consider cost in the design of the binder substrate that comprises rhenium.Examples more given below have reflected this consideration.Usually, according to an embodiment, hard alloy composition comprises the hard particles with first kind of material of dispersion, and the binder substrate with the second kind of different materials that comprises rhenium, wherein with described hard particles on three-dimensional with basically uniformly mode be scattered in the binder substrate.Binder substrate can be the mixture of Re and other binder material partly reduces raw material with the total content that reduces Re a totle drilling cost, and part utilizes the existence of other binder material to improve the performance of binder substrate.The example of binder substrate with mixture of Re and other binder material comprises the mixture etc. of mixture, Re and Co of mixture, Re, Co and at least a Ni base superalloy of Re and at least a Ni base superalloy.
Table 1 has been listed some examples of interesting hard alloy composition.In this table, the WC based composition and use thereof in packaging is called " carbide alloy ", and the TiC based composition and use thereof in packaging is called " cermet ".Conventionally, mixture or Ni and the Mo by Ni and Mo 2The TiC particle of the mixture bonding of C is a cermet.Cermet as described herein also comprises hard particles, and this hard particles is to use by the mixture of Ni and Mo or Ni and Mo 2The binder substrate that the mixture of C forms is formed by the mixture of mixture, TiC, TiN, WC, TaC and the NbC of TiC and TiN.For each hard alloy composition, three kinds of different weight percentage ranges of given binder material have been listed.As an example, binding agent can be the mixture of Ni base superalloy and cobalt, and hard particles can be the mixture of WC, TiC, TaC and NbC.In this composition, binding agent can be carbide alloy gross weight about 2% to about 40%.This scope can be set in some applications about 3% to about 35%, and can in other is used, further be restricted to about 4% to about 30% more among a small circle.
Table 1
(NS:Ni base superalloy)
Figure A200780011973D00721
The preparation that has the carbide alloy of Re or nickel-based superalloy in binder substrate can followingly be carried out.At first, preparation has the hard particles of needs such as the powder of one or more carbide or carbonitride.This powder can comprise the mixture of different carbide or the mixture of carbide and nitride.This powder is mixed with the binder substrate material that is fit to that comprises Re or nickel-based superalloy.In addition, can be with pressing lubricant, for example wax adds in the mixture.
By for example several hours the processing that grinds or rub of time that grinds or rub and need, the mixture that mixes hard particles, binder substrate material and lubricant makes each hard particles be coated with the binder substrate material to promote the bonding of hard particles in processing subsequently to mix this material fully.Hard particles also should be coated with lubricant material and promote mixed processing so that material is lubricated, and reduces or eliminates the oxidation of hard particles.Then, subsequently to the mixture that grinds is suppressed, presintering, shaping and final sintering obtain with formation carbide alloy.Sintering processes is to be used for by the temperature that is heated to the melt temperature that is lower than hard particles dusty material being converted into the processing of continuous material, and can carry out after the preliminary compacting by pressure.In this processing procedure, make the closely knit hard particles that is bonded in to form continuous binder substrate wherein of binder material.Can on the surface of the carbide alloy that obtains, further form one or more other coatings to improve the performance of carbide alloy.Fig. 1 is the flow chart of this embodiment of preparation method.
In one embodiment, the preparation method who is used for the carbide of sintering is included in solvent wet-milling, vacuum drying, compacting and liquid-phase sintering in a vacuum.The temperature of liquid-phase sintering is between the eutectic point (for example, WC-Co is at 1320 ℃) of the mixture of the fusing point (for example Co is at 1495 ℃) of binder material and carbide alloy.Usually, the sintering temperature of sintered-carbide is in 1360 to 1480 ℃ scope.For the new material of Re that has low concentration in binder alloy or Ni base superalloy, the preparation method is identical with conventional sintered-carbide method.Be suitable for the principle of liquid-phase sintering in a vacuum at this.Sintering temperature is a little more than the eutectic point of binder alloy and carbide.For example, P17 (contain 25%Re in the binder alloy, sintering condition by weight) be 1700 ℃, 1 hour, in a vacuum.
Fig. 2 has shown the two-step preparation based on solid-state phase sintering that is used to prepare the various carbide alloy of describing in this application.Can use the example of the carbide alloy of this two-step sintering method preparation to be included in the carbide alloy of the Re that has high concentration in the binder substrate, it needs at high temperature to carry out liquid-phase sintering in additive method.This two-step method can for example be implemented the baker with the use viable commercial at lower temperature under 2200 ℃, and prepares carbide alloy with quite low cost.Eliminated liquid-phase sintering in this two-step method, reason is the common high eutectic point owing to binder alloy and carbide, and liquid-phase sintering may be impracticable.As mentioned above, sintering under these high temperature needs the baker of operation at high temperature, and this baker may commercial be unpractical.
The first step of this two-step method is vacuum-sintering, and wherein sintering is used for the mixture material of binder substrate and hard particles in a vacuum.At first by for example as in wet-milling, drying and compacting that the conventional method that is used for preparing sintered-carbide is carried out preparing mixture.This first sintering step carries out to remove or to eliminate the interconnected pore in the temperature of the eutectic point that is lower than binder alloy and hard particulate material.Second step be lower than under the temperature of eutectic point and at solid-phase sintering under the pressurized conditions to remove and to eliminate residual hole and behind first step, to stay space in the mixture of sintering.Hot-isostatic pressing (HIP) method can be as this second step sintering.In sintering process, heat and pressure is applied on the material reducing treatment temperature, otherwise this treatment temperature will be higher not having under the situation of pressure.Can the using gases medium such as inert gas pressure is applied and is delivered on the mixture of sintering.This pressure can be equal to or higher than 1000 crust.In the HIP method, exert pressure and reduced required treatment temperature, and allow to use conventional baker or smelting furnace.
Be used to obtain the solid-phase sintering of material of complete compacting and the temperature of HIP and significantly be lower than the temperature that is used for liquid-phase sintering usually.For example, can by 2200 ℃ of following vacuum-sinterings 1 to 2 hours, then about 2000 ℃, about 1 hour of HIP under the pressure of 30,000 PSI, in inert gas such as Ar, can use pure Re fully closely knit as the sample P 62 of binding agent.Significantly, use particle size can reduce and be used to make fully closely knit sintering temperature of carbide alloy (particulate is of a size of several microns) less than 0.5 micron ultra-fine hard particles.For example, in preparation sample P 62 and P63, use this ultrafine WC to allow sintering temperature low to for example about 2000 ℃.This two-step method is than ROC method cheapness, and can be used to commercially produce.
Following part has been described based on the exemplary hard alloy composition of the various binder substrate materials that comprise rhenium or nickel-based superalloy at least and their performance.
Table 2 provides the tabulation of some numberings that are used to form the component material of exemplary carbide alloy (lot number), and wherein H1 represents rhenium, and L1, L2 and L3 represent the nickel-based superalloy of three kinds of exemplary commercialization.Table 3 has also been listed the composition of above-mentioned three kinds of exemplary nickel-based superalloy Udimet720 (U720), Rene ' 95 (R-95) and Udimet700 (U700) respectively.Table 4 has been listed the composition of the exemplary carbide alloy that has and do not have rhenium or nickel-based superalloy in binder substrate.For example, the material compositions of lot number P17 mainly comprise as binding agent 88g T32 (WC), 3gI32 (TiC), 3g A31 (TaC), 1.5g H1 (Re) and 4.5g L2 (R-95) and as the 2g wax of lubricant.Lot number P58 represents only to use nickel-based superalloy L2 not use the carbide alloy of Re as binder material.Preparation and test these carbide alloy to the carbide alloy that obtains with any one or two kinds of various Effect on Performance of explanation as the rhenium of binder material and nickel-based superalloy.Table 5-8 also provide the composition of different as defined above sample lot numbers and the summary information of performance.
Fig. 3 to 8 has shown the measured value of the selected carbide alloy sample of the application.Fig. 3 and 4 has shown that some exemplary carbide alloy are for measured toughness and the hardness parameter of steel cutting grade.Fig. 5 and 6 has shown that some exemplary carbide alloy are for measured toughness and the hardness parameter of non-iron cutting grade.Measurement is carried out before solid-phase sintering HIP and afterwards, and data show that the HIP method significantly improves the toughness and the hardness of material.Fig. 7 has shown the measured value of hardness of some samples and the function of temperature.As a comparison, Fig. 7 and 8 has also shown business-like C2 and the measured value of C6 carbide under identical test condition, and wherein Fig. 7 has shown the hardness of measuring, and Fig. 8 has shown the variation of measured hardness from the value under room temperature (RT).Significantly, the carbide alloy sample hardness aspect at high temperature based on composition described herein is better than the business level material.These results have confirmed to use Re and nickel-based superalloy any one or two kinds of binder substrates as binder material are than the good performance of Co based binder matrix material.
Table 2
Numbering Powder constituent Note
T32 WC Granularity 1.5 μ m are from Alldyne
T35 WC Granularity 15 μ m are from Alldyne
Y20 Mo Granularity 1.7-2.2 μ m is from Alldyne
L3 U-700 -325 orders, special metal Udimet 700
L1 U-720 -325 orders, Special Metal, Udimet 720
L2 Re-95 -325 orders, Special Metal, Rene 95
H1 Re -325 orders, rhenium alloys Co., Ltd
I32 TiC From AEE, Ti-302
I21 TiB 2 From AEE, Ti-201,1-5 μ m
A31 TaC From AEE, TA-301
Y31 Mo 2C From AEE, MO-301
D31 VC From AEE, VA-301
B1 Co From AEE, CO-101
K1 Ni From AEE, Ni-101
K2 Ni From AEE, Ni-102
I13 TiN From Cerac, T-1153
C21 ZrB2 From Cerac, Z-1031
Y6 Mo From AEEMo+100,1-2 μ m
L6 Al From AEEA1-100,1-5 μ m
R31 B 4C From AEEBo-301,3 μ m
T3.8 WC Granularity 0.8 μ m, Alldyne
T3.4 WC Granularity 0.4 μ m, OMG
T3.2 WC Granularity 0.2 μ m, OMG
Table 3
Ni Co Cr Al Ti Mo Nb W Zr B C V
R95 61.982 8.04 13.16 3.54 2.53 3.55 3.55 3.54 0.049 0.059
U700 54.331 17.34 15.35 4.04 3.65 5.17 .028 .008 .04 .019 .019 .005
U720 56.334 15.32 16.38 3.06 5.04 3.06 0.01 1.30 .035 .015 .012 .004
Table 4
Lot number Form (unit: g)
P17 H1=1.5, L2=4.5, I32=3, A31=3, T32=88, wax=2
P18 H1=3, L2=3, I32=3, A31=3, T32=88, wax=2
P19 H1=1.5, L3=4.5, I32=3, A31=3, T32=88, wax=2
P20 H1=3, L3=3, I32=3, A31=3, T32=88, wax=2
P25 H1=3.75, L2=2.25, I32=3, A31=3, T32=88, wax=2
P25A H1=3.75, L2=2.25, I32=3, A31=3, T32=88, wax=2
P31 H1=3.44, B1=4.4, T32=92.16, wax=2
P32 H1=6.75, B1=2.88, T32=90.37, wax=2
P33 H1=9.93, B1=1.41, T32=88.66, wax=2
P34 L2＝14.47，I32＝69.44，Y31＝16.09
P35 H1＝8.77，L2＝10.27，I32＝65.73，Y31＝15.23
P36 H1＝16.66，L2＝6.50，I32＝62.4，Y31＝14.56
P37 H1＝23.80，L2＝3.09，I32＝59.38，Y31＝13.76
P38 K1＝15.51，I32＝68.60，Y31＝15.89
P39 K2＝15.51，I32＝68.60，Y31＝15.89
P40 H1=7.57, L2=2.96, I32=5.32, A31=5.23, T32=78.92, wax=2
P40A H1=7.57, L2=2.96, I32=5.32, A31=5.23, T32=78.92, wax=2
P41 H1=11.1, L2=1.45, I32=5.20, A31=5.11, T32=77.14, wax=2
P41A H1=11.1, L2=1.45, I32=5.20, A31=5.11, T32=77.14, wax=2
P42 H1=9.32, L2=3.64, I32=6.55, A31=6.44, I21=0.40, R31=4.25, T32=69.40, wax=2
P43 H1=9.04, L2=3.53, I32=6.35, A31=6.24, I21=7.39, R31=0.22, T32=67.24, wax=2
P44 H1=8.96, L2=3.50, I32=14.69, A31=6.19, T32=66.67, wax=2
P45 H1=9.37, L2=3.66, I32=15.37, A31=6.47, Y31=6.51, T32=58.61, wax=2
P46 H1=11.40, L2=4.45, I32=5.34, A31=5.25, T32=73.55, wax=2
P46A H1=11.40, L2=4.45, I32=5.34, A31=5.25, T32=73.55, wax=2
P47 H1=11.35, B1=4.88, I32=5.32, A31=5.23, T32=73.22, wax=2
P47A H1=11.35, B1=4.88, I32=5.32, A31=5.23, T32=73.22, wax=2
P48 H1=3.75, L2=2.25, I32=5, A31=5, T32=84, wax=2
P49 H1=7.55, B1=3.25, I32=5.31, A31=5.21, T32=78.68, wax=2
P50 H1=4.83, L2=1.89, I32=5.31, A31=5.22, T32=82.75, wax=2
P51 H1=7.15, L2=0.93, I32=5.23, A31=5.14, T32=81.55, wax=2
P52 B1=8, D31=0.6, T3.8=91.4, wax=2
P53 B1=8, D31=0.6, T3.4=91.4, wax=2
P54 B1=8, D31=0.6, T3.2=91.4, wax=2
P55 H1=1.8, B1=7.2, D31=0.6, T3.4=90.4, wax=2
P56 H1=1.8, B1=7.2, D31=0.6, T3.2=90.4, wax=2
P56A H1=1.8, B1=7.2, D31=0.6, T3.2=90.4, wax=2
P57 H1=1.8, B1=7.2, T3.2=91, wax=2
P58 L2=7.5, D31=0.6, T3.2=91.9, wax=2
P59 H1=0.4, B1=3, L2=4.5, D31=0.6, T3.2=91.5, wax=2
P62 H1=14.48, I32=5.09, A31=5.00, T3.2=75.43, wax=2
P62A H1=14.48, I32=5.09, A31=5.00, T3.2=75.43, wax=2
P63 H1=12.47, L2=0.86, I32=5.16, A31=5.07, T3.2=76.45, wax=2
P65 H1=7.57, L2=2.96, I32=5.32, A31=5.23, T3.2=78.92, wax=2
P65A H1=7.57, L2=2.96, I32=5.32, A31=5.23, T3.2=78.92, wax=2
P66 H1=27.92, I32=4.91, A31=4.82, T3.2=62.35, wax=2
P67 H1=24.37, L3=1.62, I32=5.04, A31=4.95, T32=32.01, T33=32.01, wax=2
P69 L2=7.5, D31=0.4, T3.2=92.1, wax=2
P70 L1=7.4, D31=0.3, T3.2=92.3, wax=2
P71 L3=7.2, D31=0.3, T3.2=92.5, wax=2
P72 H1=1.8, B1=7.2, D31=0.3, T3.2=90.7, wax=2
P73 H1=1.8, B1=4.8, L2=2.7, D31=0.3, T3.2=90.4, wax=2
P74 H1=1.8, B1=3, L2=4.5, D31=0.3, T3.2=90.4, wax=2
P75 H1=0.8, B1=3, L2=4.5, D31=0.3, T3.2=91.4, wax=2
P76 H1=0.8, B1=3, L1=4.5, D31=0.3, T3.2=91.4, wax=2
P77 H1=0.8, B1=3, L3=4.5, D31=0.3, T3.2=91.4, wax=2
P78 H1=0.8, B1=4.5, L1=3, D31=0.3, T3.2=91.4, wax=2
P79 H1=0.8, B1=4.5, L3=3.1, D31=0.3, T3.2=91.3, wax=2
Several exemplary hard alloy composition kind comprises any one or two kinds of various hard alloy compositions in Re and the nickel-based superalloy with explanation master-plan is described below.Exemplary hard alloy composition kind is based on the composition definition of the carbide alloy that is used to obtain or ceramic-metallic binder substrate.The first kind is used the binder substrate with pure Re, second class is used the binder substrate with Re-Co alloy, the 3rd class is used the binder substrate with Ni base superalloy, and the use of the 4th class has the binder substrate that Ni base superalloy and Re is made up, has or do not have the alloy of Co.
Usually, in interesting carbide alloy, use the hard and particle of infusibility can include but not limited to carbide, nitride, carbonitride, boride and silicide.Some examples of carbide comprise WC, TiC, TaC, HfC, NbC, Mo 2C, Cr 2C 3, VC, ZrC, B 4C and SiC.The example of nitride comprises TiN, ZrN, HfN, VN, NbN, TaN and BN.The example of carbonitride comprise Ti (C, N), Ta (C, N), Nb (C, N), Hf (C, N), Zr (C, N) and V (C, N).The example of boride comprises TiB 2, ZrB 2, HfB 2, TaB 2, VB 2, MoB 2, WB and W 2B.In addition, the example of silicide is TaSi 2, Wsi 2, NbSi 2And MoSi 2Four series hard alloys of Que Dinging or cermet can also use these and other hard and particle of infusibility above.
In the carbide alloy of the first kind based on pure Re alloy adhesive matrix, Re can be about 5 volume % to 40 volume % of all material composition that uses in carbide alloy or cermet.For example, the sample of lot number P62 has the pure Re of 10 volume %, 70 volume %WC, 15 volume %TiC and 5 volume %TaC in table 4.This composition is roughly corresponding with 14.48 weight %Re, 75.43 weight %WC, 5.09 weight %TiC and 5.0 weight %TaC.In preparation, with sample P 62-4 about 1 hour of 2100 ℃ of vacuum-sinterings, and about 1 hour of 2158 ℃ of vacuum-sinterings.The density of this material is about 14.51g/cc, and bulk density is 14.50g/cc.The average hardness Hv of 10 measured values being got at room temperature, under the load of 10Kg is 2627 ± 35Kg/mm 2By the assessment of the Palmvist crack length under the load of 10Kg, measured surface fracture toughness K ScBe about 7.4x10 6Pam 1/2
Another example under such is the P66 in table 4.This sample has the composition of about 20 volume %Re, 60 volume %WC, 15 volume %TiC and 5 volume %TaC.By weight percentage, this sample has about 27.92%Re, 62.35%WC, 4.91%TiC and 4.82%TaC.At first use down vacuum-sintering in 1 hour to handle sample P66-4 at about 2200 ℃, use then the HIP method in solid phase sintering to remove hole and space.15.04g/cc compares with bulk density, and the density of the carbide alloy that obtains is about 14.40g/cc.7 different measured values being got at room temperature, under the load of 10Kg, average hardness Hv are about 2402 ± 44Kg/mm 2Surface fracture toughness K ScBe about 8.1x10 6Pam 1/2Sample P 66 and other composition described herein can be used for the various application under High Operating Temperature, and can be by using two-step method preparation based on solid-phase sintering, described sample P 66 and the equal operating weight percentage of other composition are greater than a kind of as unique binder material or two or more binder materials in binding agent of 25% high concentration Re.
The particle of the multiple hard infusibility of Re bonding such as the micro-structural of carbide, nitride, carbonitride, silicide and boride and performance can provide the advantage above the WC material of Re bonding.For example, the WC-TiC-TaC of Re bonding can have than the better fire-resistant mouthful of property (craterresistance) in the steel cutting of the WC material of Re bonding.Another example is the Mo that bonds by in the Re binding agent 2The material that the refractory particle of C and TiC forms.
For second class of using the Re-Co alloy as binder substrate, the Re-Co alloy can be about 5 to 40 volume % of all material composition that uses in composition.In some embodiments, Re in binding agent and Co ratio can roughly change 0.01 to 0.99.Compare with the carbide alloy of Co bonding, comprise the mechanical performance that Re can improve the carbide alloy that obtains, as special hardness, intensity and toughness at high temperature.Re content is high more, and the high-temperature behavior of the material of this binder substrate of great majority use is good more.
Sample P 31 in table 4 is examples in such, and it has 2.5 volume %Re, 7.5 volume %Co and 90 volume %WC, and 3.44 weight %Re, 4.40 weight %Co and 92.12 weight %WC.In preparation, with about 1 hour of sample P 31-1 vacuum-sintering under 1725C.Under sintering, have some holes and space slightly.The density of the carbide alloy that obtains is about 15.16g/cc (bulk density is 15.27g/cc).At room temperature, the average hardness Hv under 10Kg is about 1889 ± 18Kg/mm 2, and surface fracture toughness K ScBe about 7.7 x 10 6Pam 1/2In addition, behind sintering, use hot-isostatic pressing (HIP) method under about 1600C/15Ksi, sample P 31-1 to be handled about 1 hour.HIP reduces or eliminates hole and space in the compound basically, thereby increases density of material.After HIP, the density of measurement is about 15.25g/cc (bulk density is 15.27g/cc).At room temperature, under 10Kg, the hardness Hv of measurement is about 1887 ± 12Kg/mm 2Surface fracture toughness K ScBe about 7.6 x 10 6Pam 1/2
Another example in such is the P32 in the table 4, and it has 5.0 volume %Re, 5.0 volume %Co and 90 volume %WC (6.75 weight %Re, 2.88 weight %Co and 90.38 weight %WC).With sample P 32-4 about 1 hour in 1800C vacuum-sintering.Compare with the bulk density of 15.57g/cc, the density of measurement is about 15.58g/cc.At room temperature, under 10Kg, the hardness Hv of measurement is about 2065Kg/mm 2Surface fracture toughness K ScBe about 5.9 x 10 6Pam 1/2Behind sintering, sample P 32-4 is about 1 hour of HIP under 1600C/15Ksi also.The density of measuring is about 15.57g/cc (bulk density is 15.57g/cc).At room temperature, under 10Kg, average hardness Hv is about 2010 ± 12Kg/mm 2Surface fracture toughness K ScBe about 5.8x10 6Pam 1/2
The 3rd example is the P33 in table 4, and it has 7.5 volume %Re, 2.5 volume %Co and 90 volume %WC, and 9.93 weight %Re, 1.41 weight %Co and 88.66 weight %WC.In preparation,, and under sintering, have hole and space with sample P 33-7 about 1 hour in 1950C vacuum-sintering.The density of measuring is about 15.38g/cc (bulk density is 15.87g/cc).At room temperature, under the pressure of 10Kg, the hardness Hv of measurement is about 2081Kg/mm 2Surface fracture toughness Ksc is about 5.6 x 10 6Pam 1/2Behind sintering, with about 1 hour of sample P 33-7 HIP under 1600C/15Ksi.The density of measuring is about 15.82g/cc (bulk density=15.87g/cc).At room temperature, under 10Kg, measuring average hardness Hv is about 2039 ± 18Kg/mm 2Surface fracture toughness Ksc is about 6.5 x 10 6Pam 1/2
The carbide alloy of table 5 Re-Co alloy bonding
Figure A200780011973D00811
Sample P 55, P56, P56A and P57 in table 4 also is to use the examples of types of Re-Co alloy as binder substrate.Except that P57 did not have VC, these samples had about 1.8%Re, 7.2%Co, 0.6%VC, and the WC of final surplus.Prepare these different compositions with of the influence of research carbide alloy crystallite dimension to Hv and Ksc.Table 5 has been listed the result.
The performance of table 6 Ni base superalloy, Ni, Re and Co
Figure A200780011973D00821
The 3rd class is based on the binder substrate of 5 to 40% the Ni base superalloy of the volume with all material in the carbide alloy that obtains.Ni base superalloy is the high temperature alloy that a class γ ' strengthens.Use three kinds of different strength alloys Rene ' 95, Udimet 720 and Udimet 700 that the influence of adhesive strength to the mechanical performance of final carbide alloy is described as an example.Ni base superalloy has particularly high strength at high temperature.And these alloys at high temperature have good environmental resistance, as anticorrosive and oxidisability.Therefore, when comparing with the carbide alloy of cobalt binder, Ni base superalloy can be used for increasing the hardness of the carbide alloy of Ni base superalloy bonding.Significantly, the hot strength of Ni base superalloy is better than common bond material cobalt greatly, and is as shown in table 6.This shows that further Ni base superalloy is the bonds well agent material that is used for carbide alloy.
Such example is the P58 in the table 4, and it has 7.5 weight %Rene ', 95,0.6 weight %VC and 91.9 weight %WC, and compares with the P54 (8%Co, 0.6%VC and 91.4%WC) of cobalt binder in the table 4.As shown in table 7, the hardness of P58 is significantly higher than P54.
The comparison of table 7 P54 and P58
Figure A200780011973D00831
The 4th class be Ni base superalloy+Re as binding agent, for example, be about the carbide alloy that obtains or 5 volume % to 40 volume % of all material in the cermet.Because add the fusing point that Re has increased the binder alloy of Ni base superalloy+Re, so use the treatment temperature of the carbide alloy of Ni base superalloy+Re binding agent to increase and increase along with Re content.Several carbide alloy with different Re concentration are listed in the table 8.Table 9 has also shown the measured performance of the carbide alloy in table 8.
Table 8 has the carbide alloy of the binding agent that comprises Ni base superalloy and Re
Figure A200780011973D00832
Table 9 is by the performance of the carbide alloy of Ni base superalloy and Re bonding
Figure A200780011973D00841
Another example under the 4th class uses Ni base superalloy+Re and Co as binding agent, and it accounts for about 5 volume % to 40 volume % equally.The exemplary composition of the carbide alloy by Ni base superalloy+Re and Co bonding is listed in the table 10.
Table 10 is by the composition of the carbide alloy of Ni base superalloy+Re and Co bonding
Figure A200780011973D00851
Selected sample has been carried out measuring the performance that has the binder substrate of Ni base superalloy with research.Usually, Ni base superalloy not only at high temperature shows excellent intensity, and at high temperature has significant anti-oxidant and corrosivity.Ni base superalloy has complicated micro-structural and strengthening mechanism.Usually, the reinforcement of Ni base superalloy is mainly strengthened owing to precipitation strength and the solid solution of γ-γ '.Measurement to selected sample confirms, can use Ni base superalloy as the high-performance adhesive material that is used for carbide alloy.
Table 11 has been listed the composition with the weight percent meter of the gross weight of carbide alloy of selected sample.WC particle in sample is of a size of 0.2 μ m.Table 12 has been listed the condition of the two-step method that is used to implement and density, hardness parameter and the toughness parameter of measured sample.Total crack length by the Palmqvist crackle that produces by VickerIndentor calculates Palmqvist fracture toughness Ksc:Ksc=0.087* (Hv*W) 1/2Referring to, for example, Warren and H.Matzke, the proceeding of hard material science international conference (Proceedings Of the International Conference On theScience of Hard Materials), Jackson, Wyoming, in August, 1981 23-28.Under 15 seconds 10Kg load, measure hardness Hv and crack length.In measuring each time, on each sample, produce 8 impressions, and in the data computing of listing, use mean value.
Table 11
Figure A200780011973D00861
Table 12
Figure A200780011973D00862
In the sample of test, sample P 54 is used the conventional binding agent of being made up of Co.In sample P 58, use Ni-superalloy R-95 to replace the Co in sample P 54 as binding agent.As a result, Hv increases to 2246 of P58 from 2090 of P54.In sample P 56, use the Co of the mixture replacement of Re and Co, and corresponding Hv increases to 2133 of P56 from 2090 of P54 as binding agent.Sample P 72, P73, P74 have identical Re content, but have the Co and the R95 of different amounts.The mixture that uses Re, Co and R95 in sample P 73 and P74 is to replace the binding agent as the mixture of the Re of binding agent and Co of having in sample 72.Hardness Hv increases to 2217 (P73) and 2223 (P74) from 2041 (P72).
Table 13
Figure A200780011973D00871
Equally selected sample has been carried out measuring and in binder substrate, had the performance of the binder substrate of Re with further research.Table 13 has been listed the sample of test.Use has the WC particle of two kinds of different grain sizes, 2 μ m and 0.2 μ m.Table 14 has been listed the condition of the two-step method that is used to implement and measured density, hardness parameter and the toughness parameter of selected sample.
Table 14
Sample number into spectrum Sintering condition The HIP condition Bulk density g/c.c. The density g/c.c. that measures Hardness, Hv Kg/mm 2 Palmqvist toughness * * Ksc, MPam 0.5
P17-5 1800 ℃/1 hour 1600 ℃/15KSI/1 hour 14.15 14.21 2092±3 7.2±0.1
P18-3 1800 ℃/1 hour 1600 ℃/15KSI/1 hour 14.38 14.59 2028±88 6.8±0.3
P25-3 1750 ℃/1 hour 1600 ℃/15KSI/1 hour 14.49 14.48 2193±8 6.5±0.1
P48-1 1800 ℃/1 hour 1600 ℃/15KSI/1 hour 13.91 13.99 2208±12 6.3±0.4
P50-4 1800 ℃/1 hour 1600 ℃/15KSI/1 hour 13.9 13.8 2294±20 6.3±0.1
P51-1 1800 ℃/1 hour 1600 ℃/15KSI/1 hour 14.11 13.97 2309±6 6.6±0.1
P40A-1 1800 ℃/1 hour 1600 ℃/15KSI/1 hour 13.86 13.86 2321±10 6.3±0.1
P49-1 1800 ℃/1 hour 1600 ℃/15KSI/1 hour 13.91 13.92 2186±29 6.5±0.2
P62A-6 2200 ℃/1 hour 1725 ℃/30KSI/1 hour 14.5 14.41 2688±22 6.7±0.1
P63-5 2200 ℃/1 hour 1725 ℃/30KSI/1 hour 14.31 14.37 2562±31 6.7±0.2
P66-4 2200 ℃/1 hour 15.04 14.40 2402±44 8.2±0.4
P66-4 2200 ℃/1 hour 1725 ℃/30KSI/1 hour 15.04 14.52
P66-4 2200 ℃/1 hour 1725 ℃/30KSI/1 hour+1950 ℃/30KSI/1 hour 15.04 14.53 2438±47 6.9±0.2
P66-5 2200 ℃/1 hour 15.04 14.33 2092±23 7.3±0.3
P66-5 2200 ℃/1 hour 1725 ℃/30KSI/1 hour 15.04 14.63
P66-5 2200 ℃/1 hour 1725 ℃/30KSI/1 hour+1850 ℃/30KSI/1 hour 15.04 14.66 2207±17 7.1±0.2
Table 15 has further shown the hardness parameter that selected sample is measured at various temperatures, wherein on Nikon QM high temperature hardness testing machine, measures Knoop hardness (Knoop hardness) H under the load of 15 seconds 1Kg k, and R is the H in the high temperature test temperature kWith respect at 25 ℃ H kRatio.By (Melville, inserts NY) (insert) SNU434 prepares the high temperature hardness sample of C2 and C6 carbide available from MSC Co..
Table 15
(being the mean value of 3 different measuring values) to each measured value under the fixed temperature
Figure A200780011973D00891
Comprising Re in the binder substrate of carbide alloy has increased the fusing point of the binder alloy that comprises Co-Re, Ni superalloy-Re, Ni superalloy-Re-Co.For example, the fusing point of sample P 63 is much higher than 2200 ℃ of the temperature that solid-phase sintering is handled usefulness.These high temperature hardness values that have the carbide alloy (for example, P17 to P63) of Re in binding agent are much higher than the carbide alloy (C2 and C6 carbide) of conventional Co bonding.Particularly, above-mentioned measurement shows that the concentration that is increased in the Re in the binding agent improves hardness at high temperature.In the sample of test, use pure Re to have the highest hardness as the sample P 62A of binding agent.Sample P 63 with binding agent composition of 94%Re and 6%Ni base superalloy R95 has the second high hardness.Sample P 40A (71.9%Re-29.1%R95), P49 (69.9%Re-30.1%R95), P51 (88.5%Re-11.5%R95) and P50 (71.9%Re-28.1%R95) are being next group aspect their hardness.Among the material of test, the sample P 48 that has 62.5%Re and 37.5%R95 in its binding agent has lowest hardness at high temperature, and partly cause is that its Re content is minimum.
In another class, carbide alloy or cermet can be included in has Ni and Mo or Mo 2TiC that bonds in the binder substrate of C and TiN.Ceramic-metallic binding agent Ni can be replaced by Re, Re+Co, Ni base superalloy, Re+Ni base superalloy and Re+Co and Ni base superalloy wholly or in part.Sample P 38 and P39 are the ceramic-metallic examples of Ni bonding.Sample P 34 is ceramic-metallic examples of Rene95 bonding.P35, P36, P37 and P45 are the cermets of Re+Rene95 bonding.P34,35,36,37,38,39 and 45 composition are listed in the table 16.
The composition of table 16 P34 to P39
Figure A200780011973D00901
Table 7-29 has listed the other composition with 3 kinds of exemplary composition scopes 1,2 and 3, and described composition can be used for different application.
Table 17. uses pure Re as the composition of binding agent with the nitride in the nitride of the carbide in the carbide of IVb, the Vb of bonding periodic table and VIb row or IVb and Vb row
Figure A200780011973D00911
Table 18. uses the composition of Ni base superalloy (NBSA) with the nitride in the nitride of the IVb of bonding periodic table and Vb row in binding agent
Table 19. uses the composition of Re and Ni base superalloy (Re+NBSA) with the nitride in the nitride of the carbide in the carbide of bonding IVb, Vb and VIb row or IVb and Vb row in binding agent.The scope of binding agent is that the 1%Re+99% superalloy is to the 99%Re+1% superalloy.
Figure A200780011973D00931
Table 20. uses Re and Co (Re+Co) composition with the nitride in the nitride of the carbide in the carbide of bonding IVb, Vb and VIb row or IVb and Vb row in binding agent.The scope of binding agent is 1%Re+99%Co to 99%Re+1%Co.
Figure A200780011973D00941
Table 21. uses the composition of the nitride in the nitride that Ni base superalloy (NBSA) and Co be listed as with the carbide in the carbide of bonding IVb, Vb and VIb row or IVb and Vb in binding agent.The scope of binding agent is 1%NBSA+99%Co to 99%NBSA+1%Co.
Figure A200780011973D00951
Table 22. uses the composition of the nitride in the nitride that Re, Ni base superalloy (NBSA) and Co be listed as with the carbide in the carbide of bonding IVb, Vb and VIb row or IVb and Vb in binding agent.The scope of binding agent is from the 0.5%Re+0.5%Co+99% superalloy to the 99%Re+0.5%Co+0.5% superalloy, again to the 0.5%Re+99%Co+0.5% superalloy.
Figure A200780011973D00961
Figure A200780011973D00962
Figure A200780011973D00971
Table 23. uses the composition of Re with bonding WC+TiC or WC+TaC or WC+TiC+TaC
Figure A200780011973D00972
Table 24. uses the composition of Ni base superalloy (NBSA) with bonding WC+TiC or WC+TaC or WC+TiC+TaC
Figure A200780011973D00973
Table 25. uses the composition of Re and Ni base superalloy (NBSA) with bonding WC+TiC or WC+TaC or WC+TiC+TaC in binding agent
Table 26. uses Re and the Co composition with bonding WC+TiC or WC+TaC or WC+TiC+TaC in binding agent
Table 27. uses the composition of Co and Ni base superalloy (NBSA) with bonding WC+TiC or WC+TaC or WC+TiC+TaC in binding agent
Figure A200780011973D00991
Table 28. uses Re, Ni base superalloy (NBSA) and the Co composition with bond WC+TiC or WC+TaC or WC+TiC+TaC in binding agent.The scope of binding agent is from the 0.5%Re+99.5% superalloy to the 99.5%Re+0.5% superalloy, again to 0.5%Re+0.5% superalloy+99%Co.
Figure A200780011973D00992
Material sample that table 29. is other and their composition
Figure A200780011973D01001
Figure A200780011973D01002
Figure A200780011973D01011
Figure A200780011973D01012
Following table 30-41 has listed the illustrative metal ceramic composition with 3 kinds of exemplary composition scopes 1,2 and 3, and described cermet composition can be used for different application.
Table 30. use Re as binding agent with bonding TiC+Mo 2C or TiN+Mo 2C or TiC+TiN+Mo 2C or TiC+TiN+Mo 2C+WC+TaC+VC+Cr 2C 3Composition.
Figure A200780011973D01021
Table 31. use Ni base superalloy (NBSA) as binding agent with bonding TiC+Mo 2C or TiN+Mo 2C or TiC+TiN+Mo 2C or TiC+TiN+Mo 2C+WC+TaC+VC+Cr 2C 3Composition.
Table 32. uses Re and Ni base superalloy (NBSA) with bonding TiC+Mo in binding agent 2C or TiN+Mo 2C or TiC+TiN+Mo 2C or TiC+TiN+Mo 2C+WC+TaC+VC+Cr 2C 3Composition.
Figure A200780011973D01031
Table 33. uses Re and Ni with bonding TiC+Mo in binding agent 2C or TiN+Mo 2C or TiC+TiN+Mo 2C or TiC+TiN+Mo 2C+WC+TaC+VC+Cr 2C 3Composition
Figure A200780011973D01032
Table 34. uses Re and Co with bonding TiC+Mo in binding agent 2C or TiN+Mo 2C or TiC+TiN+Mo 2C or TiC+TiN+Mo 2C+WC+TaC+VC+Cr 2C 3Composition
Table 35. uses Ni base superalloy (NBSA) and Co with bonding TiC+Mo in binding agent 2C or TiN+Mo 2C or TiC+TiN+Mo 2C or TiC+TiN+Mo 2C+WC+TaC+VC+Cr 2C 3Composition
Figure A200780011973D01042
Table 36. uses Ni base superalloy (NBSA) and Ni with bonding TiC+Mo in binding agent 2C or TiN+Mo 2C or TiC+TiN+Mo 2C or TiC+TiN+Mo 2C+WC+TaC+VC+Cr 2C 3Composition
Figure A200780011973D01051
Table 37. uses Re, Co and Ni base superalloy (NBSA) with bonding TiC and Mo in binding agent 2C or TiN and Mo 2C or TiC, TiN and Mo 2C or TiC, TiN, Mo 2C, WC, TaC, VC and Cr 2C 3Composition
Table 38. uses Re, Ni and Ni base superalloy (NBSA) with bonding TiC+Mo in binding agent 2C or TiN+Mo 2C or TiC+TiN+Mo 2C or TiC+TiN+Mo 2C+WC+TaC+VC+Cr 2C 3Composition
Figure A200780011973D01061
Table 39. uses Re, Ni and Co with bonding TiC+Mo in binding agent 2C or TiN+Mo 2C or TiC+TiN+Mo 2C or TiC+TiN+Mo 2C+WC+TaC+VC+Cr 2C 3Composition
Figure A200780011973D01062
Table 40. uses Co, Ni and Ni base superalloy (NBSA) with bonding TiC+Mo in binding agent 2C or TiN+Mo 2C or TiC+TiN+Mo 2C or TiC+TiN+Mo 2C+WC+TaC+VC+Cr 2C 3Composition
Figure A200780011973D01071
Table 41. uses Re, Ni, Co and Ni base superalloy (NBSA) with bonding TiC+Mo in binding agent 2C or TiN+Mo 2C or TiC+TiN+Mo 2C or TiC+TiN+Mo 2C+WC+TaC+VC+Cr 2C 3Composition
Figure A200780011973D01072
Following table 42-51 has listed the other example of the various compositions with 3 kinds of exemplary composition scopes 1,2 and 3, and described composition can be used for different application.Similar with above-mentioned some compositions, the some compositions in table 42-51 can be used in particular for as the application under the high temperature of pointing out at last row under " fusing point of estimation ".
As mentioned above, the binder substrate material with rhenium, nickel-based superalloy or both combinations can improve material property at high temperature.Tungsten is typically as the component in various hard particles such as carbide, nitride, carbonitride, boride and silicide.When the binder substrate material, the fusing point of final Hardmetal materials can be significantly improved to about 2500 to about 3500 ℃ scope separately or with the tungsten of other metallic combination.Therefore, use the carbide alloy of W based binder matrix material can be used for the application under the unallowed high temperature of possibility when using other material.Significantly, the about 3500 ℃ high-melting-point that reveals expection in the use shown in the table 43-48 based on some compositions table of the binder substrate of tungsten (W).
For the composition of being made by the nitride that passes through rhenium and cobalt binder in the table 47, each nitride can be used as the nitride of hard particulate material and the combination of carbide replaces.Material under this design comprises: hard particles, and it is included in a kind of carbide in the carbide of a kind of nitride in the nitride of IVB in the periodic table and VB row and the IVB in periodic table, VB and VIB row at least; And binder substrate, its bonding hard particles and comprise rhenium and cobalt.
Silicide in boride in IVb, the Vb of table 42.Re bonding and the boride of VIb or the silicide of IVb, Vb and VIb
Figure A200780011973D01081
Nitride in carbide in IVb, the Vb of table 43.W bonding and the carbide of VIb or the nitride of IVb and Vb
Figure A200780011973D01092
Silicide in boride in IVb, the Vb of table 44.W bonding and the boride of VIb or the silicide of IVb, Vb and Vib
Figure A200780011973D01101
Figure A200780011973D01111
Figure A200780011973D01121
Figure A200780011973D01131
Figure A200780011973D01141
Figure A200780011973D01151
Figure A200780011973D01161
Figure A200780011973D01181
Figure A200780011973D01191
Figure A200780011973D01201
Figure A200780011973D01211
Above-mentioned carbide alloy or ceramic-metallic composition can be used for various application.For example, can use aforesaid material to form the wearing part of instrument, object be cut, grinds or holes to remove the object material by using wearing part.This instrument can comprise by the different materials carrier part made of steel for example.Then wearing part is bonded on the carrier part as inserts.Can be designed to comprise a plurality of inserts that are bonded on the carrier part to instrument.For example, some mining drilling machines can comprise a plurality of button bits of being made by Hardmetal materials.The example of this instrument comprises drilling machine, cutter, for example cutter, saw, grinder and drilling machine.Alternatively, can use carbide alloy described herein to form the entire tool head, as being used for cutting, boring or other mechanically operated wearing parts.Can also use hard alloy particle to be formed for polishing or grinding the abrasive material of various materials.In addition, can also use this carbide alloy to build shell and the outer surface or the skin of various device, to satisfy the specific (special) requirements of equipment operation or equipment operating environment condition.
More specifically, can use carbide alloy described herein to prepare the cutting tool that is used for processing metal, alloy, composite, plastic material, wooden materials etc.This cutting tool can comprise inserts, drilling machine, end mill(ing) cutter, reamer, screw plate, hobboing cutter and the milling cutter of the band indicating dial that is used for turning, milling, boring and drilling well.Because the cutting edge of this instrument may be higher than 500 ℃ adding the man-hour temperature, when in this cutting tool, using hard alloy composition, under above-mentioned high-temperature operation condition, can have special advantage, for example prolong tool life and by increasing the productivity ratio that cutting speed improves this instrument.
Can use carbide alloy described herein to prepare the instrument that is used for wire drawing, extruding, forging and cold forging.Can also be as being used for powder processed mould and stamping machine.In addition, can use these carbide alloy as the high-abrasive material that is used for rock-boring and mining.
The Hardmetal materials of describing in this application can be made block (bulk) form or the coating on the metal surface.Coating with these new Hardmetal materials can be advantageously used in the hardness of hard layer need to obtain that is formed on the metal surface, otherwise this hardness is difficult to use the underlying metal material to obtain.Therefore block Hardmetal materials based on the composition among the application may be expensive, can utilize the various assemblies that use coating to reduce on the not too expensive metal that has than soft to have high rigidity or the cost of parts.
The powder processing that is used to prepare the commercialization carbide alloy in a large number can be used to prepare the application's carbide alloy.As an example, the binder alloy with the Re that is higher than 85 weight % can be by the solid-phase sintering method preparation to eliminate the hole of opening, and HIP replaces liquid-phase sintering and prepares then.
Fig. 9 has shown the flow chart that is prepared several preparation methods of material or structure by above-mentioned hard alloy composition.As described, using or do not making under the situation of with lubricator (for example wax), the alloy powder and the hard-particle powder that will be used for binding agent mix in the wet-mixing processing with grinding liquid.Preparation flow in the left side of Fig. 9 is used to adopt lubricated wet-mixing to prepare carbide alloy.At first by vacuum drying or spray drying process with the mixture drying to prepare lubricated classification powder.Then, be configured as block materials by compressing tablet, extruding or isostatic cool pressing (CIP) and the classification powder that to lubricate that is shaped.CIP is the method that makes powder consolidation by isostatic pressure.Then with block materials heating removing lubricant, and in presintering is handled sintering.Then, can handle material by several diverse ways.For example, can handle material, by the HIP method it further be handled to form final cemented carbide member then by the liquid-phase sintering in vacuum or hydrogen.Alternatively, the material after presintering can be handled to form final cemented carbide member through HIP then through solid-phase sintering to eliminate the hole of opening.
When under the alloy powder that will be used for binding agent and hard-particle powder are not having the situation of lubricant, mixing, can handle unlubricated classification powder after drying is handled to form final cemented carbide member with two kinds of diverse ways.First method uses hot pressing to finish preparation simply as described.Second method uses thermal spraying moulding method in a vacuum this classification powder is formed on the metal base.Then, remove metal base to stay structure as final cemented carbide member with the form of self-support material by the thermal spraying moulding.In addition, when needed, can further handle the self-support material to reduce hole by the HIP method.
On the metal surface, form in the hard alloy coating, can under vacuum condition, use heat spraying method to be coated with the big parts of Hardmetal materials with preparation.For example, can the coated steel parts and the surface of instrument improving their hardness, thereby improve performance.Figure 10 has shown the exemplary flow of hot spray process.
Known various heat spraying method is used for coating metal surfaces.For example, the ASM handbook, the 7th volume (P408,1998) is described as particulate/droplet consolidation method that a class can form metal, pottery, intermetallic compound, composite and polymer coating or self-support structure with thermal spraying.In processing procedure, powder, wire or rod can be injected the nozzle of burning or electric arc heated, this with their heating, fusing or softening, quicken and lead coated surface or base material on.When colliding on base material, particle or droplet solidify rapidly, cool off, shrink and incrementally grow up to form deposit on target surface.Thin " stringer board (splats) " can stand high cooldown rate, for example, surpasses 10 for metal 6K/s.
The feed material that hot spray process can use chemistry (burning) or the heating of electricity (plasma or electric arc) energy to inject the hot gas nozzle is accelerated with formation and the molten droplets of the coated base material that leads flows.At ASM handbook the 7th volume, various heat spraying methods have been shown among Fig. 3 of 409-410 page or leaf and 4.
Be published in the ASM handbook respectively, the 7th rolls up, and has described the various details of hot spray process in " spray mo(u)lding " of powder metal technology and application (1998) the 396th to 407 page and the 408th to 419 page Lawley etc. and Knight etc. " the thermal spraying moulding of material ".
In various application, selected hard alloy composition described herein is used in and is equal to or higher than the high strength of materials and the hardness of maintenance under 1500 ℃ of high temperature.For example, some high output engines are moved under these high temperature, as various jet engines and/or the rocket engine that uses in the various flight instrumentses and the vehicles.More specifically, nozzle in these and other engine and/or rocket nozzle comprise non-aggressive nozzle throat and low-corrosiveness nozzle throat, can partially or completely be made by the selected Hardmetal materials of describing in this application.
For example, carbide alloy is based in following one or more: (1) one or more carbide; (2) one or more nitride; (3) one or more borides and (4) (1), two or more of (2) and (3) and the combination of binder material, described binder material are pure Re or use the compoiste adhering agent material of Re as a kind of component.The fusing point of in this application various carbide, nitride and boride is higher than 2400 ℃.The example that is used for the carbide that is fit to of high-temperature rigid alloy material of the present invention comprises TaC, HfC, NbC, ZrC, TiC, WC, VC, Al 4C 3, ThC 2, Mo 2C, SiC and B 4C.The example that is used for the nitride that is fit to of high-temperature rigid alloy material of the present invention comprises HfN, TaN, BN, ZrN and TiN.The example that is used for the boride that is fit to of high-temperature rigid alloy material of the present invention comprises HfB 2, ZrB 2, TaB 2, TiB 2, NbB 2And WB.Using Re is (1) W and Re and (2) Ta and Re as a kind of two examples of compoiste adhering agent material of component.
In the described in this application binder material composition, can in binder material, use rhenium to obtain some performance.For example, with respect to the W that does not have Re, in binder material, Re is added the mechanical performance that can improve W-Re alloy bonding agent material among the W, as ductility.As another example,, in binder material, Re added the mechanical performance (for example ductility) that can improve Mo-Re alloy bonding agent material among the Mo with respect to the Mo that does not have Re.As another example,, in binder material, Re added the mechanical performance (for example ductility) that can improve Cr-Re alloy bonding agent material among the Cr with respect to the Cr that does not have Re.
Molybdenum can also be added in the binder material to improve the performance of binder material.Mo is added the TiC material that forms the Ni-Mo-bonding in the TiC material of Ni-bonding, and, can improve the ductility and the toughness of the TiC material of Ni-Mo-bonding with respect to the TiC material of Ni-bonding.In the carbide alloy that uses Ni base superalloy binder material, Mo can be added in the Ni base superalloy binder material.For example, with respect to the TiC of Ni-base superalloy-bonding, Mo can be added among the TiC of Ni-base superalloy-bonding to improve ductility and the toughness of the basic superalloy of Ni--TiC that Mo-bonds.
Although this specification comprises many details, these should not be interpreted as maybe can requiring invention the restriction of Patent right scope, but the description of the concrete feature of specific embodiments of the present invention.Some feature of describing in can also the context with in this manual independent embodiment is implemented with the form of combination in one embodiment.On the contrary, the various features described in the context of an embodiment can also be implemented in a plurality of embodiments independently or with the form of any suitable recombinant.And, although the form that can describe feature as with some combination works, even to require Patent right at first also be like this, but in some cases, one or more features in requiring Patent right combination can be deleted from this combination, and require Patent right combination can relate to the variation of recombinant or recombinant.
Several embodiments and embodiment are only disclosed.Yet, should understand and can change and improve.

Claims (52)

1. friction stir welding tools head, it comprises:
Shoulder; With
With the pin of described shoulder engagement,
At least a portion of in wherein said shoulder and the described pin each comprises:
First kind of material, described first kind of material comprise at least a or combination at least a carbide, at least a nitride, at least a boride and at least a silicide; With
Bond second kind of material of described first kind of material, described second kind of material comprises rhenium at least.
2. tool heads as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first kind of material comprise at least a in tungsten carbide and the titanium carbide.
3. tool heads as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first kind of material comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprises TaC, HfC, NbC, ZrC, TiC, WC, VC, Al 4C 3, ThC 2, Mo 2C, SiC, B 4C and Cr 2C 3In at least a.
4. tool heads as claimed in claim 3, wherein said hard particles be less than described material gross weight 75%, and rhenium is greater than 25% of the gross weight of described material.
5. tool heads as claimed in claim 3, wherein said second kind of material also comprises W.
6. tool heads as claimed in claim 3, wherein said second kind of material also comprises Ta.
7. tool heads as claimed in claim 3, wherein said second kind of material also comprises Mo.
8. tool heads as claimed in claim 3, wherein said second kind of material also comprises Cr.
9. tool heads as claimed in claim 3, wherein said hard particles also comprise at least a among HfN, TaN, BN, ZrN, TiN, VN, SiN and the NbN.
10. tool heads as claimed in claim 9, wherein said second kind of material also comprises W.
11. tool heads as claimed in claim 9, wherein said second kind of material also comprises Ta.
12. tool heads as claimed in claim 3, wherein said hard particles also comprises VB 2, Cr 3B 2, HfB 2, ZrB 2, TaB 2, TiB 2, NbB 2At least a with among the WB.
13. tool heads as claimed in claim 12, wherein said second kind of material also comprises W.
14. tool heads as claimed in claim 12, wherein said second kind of material also comprises Ta.
15. tool heads as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first kind of material comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise at least a among HfN, TaN, BN, ZrN, TiN, VN, SiN and the NbN.
16. tool heads as claimed in claim 15, wherein said second kind of material also comprises W.
17. tool heads as claimed in claim 15, wherein said second kind of material also comprises Ta.
18. tool heads as claimed in claim 15, wherein said hard particles also comprises VB 2, Cr 3B 2, HfB 2, ZrB 2, TaB 2, TiB 2, NbB 2At least a with among the WB.
19. tool heads as claimed in claim 18, wherein said second kind of material also comprises W.
20. tool heads as claimed in claim 18, wherein said second kind of material also comprises Ta.
21. tool heads as claimed in claim 1, wherein said second kind of material also comprises Mo.
22. tool heads as claimed in claim 1, wherein said second kind of material also comprises Cr.
23. tool heads as claimed in claim 1, wherein said second kind of material also comprises cobalt.
24. tool heads as claimed in claim 1, wherein said second kind of material also comprises nickel-based superalloy.
25. tool heads as claimed in claim 24, wherein said second kind of material also comprises cobalt.
26. tool heads as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first kind of material comprises Ti 5Si 3, Zr 6Si 5, Zr 3Si 2, Zr 4Si 3, ZrSi, HfSi 2, NbSi 2, TaSi 2, Mo 3Si 2, MoSi 2, W 3Si 2And WSi 2In at least a.
27. tool heads as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first kind of material comprises VB 2, Cr 3B 2, HfB 2, ZrB 2, TaB 2, TiB 2, NbB 2At least a with among the WB.
28. a friction stir welding tools head, it comprises:
Shoulder; With
With the pin of described shoulder engagement,
At least a portion of in wherein said shoulder and the described pin each comprises:
First kind of material, described first kind of material comprise at least a or combination at least a carbide, at least a nitride, at least a boride and at least a silicide; With
Bond second kind of material of described first kind of material, described second kind of material comprises Ni base superalloy at least.
29. tool heads as claimed in claim 28, wherein said first kind of material comprise at least a in tungsten carbide and the titanium carbide.
30. tool heads as claimed in claim 28, wherein said first kind of material comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprises TaC, HfC, NbC, ZrC, TiC, WC, VC, Al 4C 3, ThC 2, Mo 2C, SiC, B 4C and Cr 2C 3In at least a.
31. tool heads as claimed in claim 30, wherein said hard particles be less than described material gross weight 75%.
32. tool heads as claimed in claim 30, wherein said second kind of material also comprises W.
33. tool heads as claimed in claim 30, wherein said second kind of material also comprises Ta.
34. tool heads as claimed in claim 30, wherein said second kind of material also comprises Mo.
35. tool heads as claimed in claim 30, wherein said second kind of material also comprises Cr.
36. tool heads as claimed in claim 30, wherein said hard particles also comprise at least a among HfN, TaN, BN, ZrN, TiN, VN, SiN and the NbN.
37. tool heads as claimed in claim 36, wherein said second kind of material also comprises W.
38. tool heads as claimed in claim 36, wherein said second kind of material also comprises Ta.
39. tool heads as claimed in claim 30, wherein said hard particles also comprises HfB 2, ZrB 2, TaB 2, TiB 2, NbB 2At least a with among the WB.
40. tool heads as claimed in claim 39, wherein said second kind of material also comprises W.
41. tool heads as claimed in claim 39, wherein said second kind of material also comprises Ta.
42. tool heads as claimed in claim 28, wherein said first kind of material comprises:
Hard particles, described hard particles comprise at least a among HfN, TaN, BN, ZrN, TiN, VN, SiN and the NbN.
43. tool heads as claimed in claim 42, wherein said second kind of material also comprises W.
44. tool heads as claimed in claim 42, wherein said second kind of material also comprises Ta.
45. tool heads as claimed in claim 42, wherein said hard particles also comprises VB 2, Cr 3B 2, HfB 2, ZrB 2, TaB 2, TiB 2, NbB 2At least a with among the WB.
46. tool heads as claimed in claim 45, wherein said second kind of material also comprises W.
47. tool heads as claimed in claim 45, wherein said second kind of material also comprises Ta.
48. tool heads as claimed in claim 28, wherein said second kind of material also comprises Mo.
49. tool heads as claimed in claim 28, wherein said second kind of material also comprises Cr.
50. tool heads as claimed in claim 28, wherein said second kind of material also comprises cobalt.
51. tool heads as claimed in claim 28, wherein said first kind of material comprises Ti 5Si 3, Zr 6Si 5, Zr 3Si 2, Zr 4Si 3, ZrSi, HfSi 2, NbSi 2, TaSi 2, Mo 3Si 2, MoSi 2, W 3Si 2And WSi 2In at least a.
52. tool heads as claimed in claim 28, wherein said first kind of material comprises VB 2, Cr 3B 2, HfB 2, ZrB 2, TaB 2, TiB 2, NbB 2At least a with among the WB.
CNA2007800119733A 2006-01-31 2007-01-31 High-performance friction stir welding tools Pending CN101415518A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US76400306P 2006-01-31 2006-01-31
US60/764,003 2006-01-31
USPCT/US2006/032654 2006-08-21
US11/507,928 2006-08-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN101415518A true CN101415518A (en) 2009-04-22

Family

ID=39760744

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CNA2007800119733A Pending CN101415518A (en) 2006-01-31 2007-01-31 High-performance friction stir welding tools

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN101415518A (en)
IL (1) IL193160A0 (en)

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102019502A (en) * 2009-09-17 2011-04-20 株式会社日立制作所 Friction stir tool
CN102958639A (en) * 2010-12-28 2013-03-06 住友电气工业株式会社 Rotation tool
CN102107328B (en) * 2009-12-23 2013-03-27 中国科学院金属研究所 Combined type welding tool used for friction stir welding of metal matrix composite
CN103920984A (en) * 2014-04-03 2014-07-16 长春三友汽车部件制造有限公司 Combined type stirring, rubbing and welding head manufactured by using double materials and manufacturing process thereof
CN104805348A (en) * 2015-05-18 2015-07-29 李白 High-speed cutter
CN104805347A (en) * 2015-05-18 2015-07-29 李白 High-strength and high-speed cutter
CN104911431A (en) * 2015-06-26 2015-09-16 河源正信硬质合金有限公司 High-toughness ultra-wear-resistant hard alloy and manufacturing method thereof
CN106367631A (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-02-01 宁波新睦新材料有限公司 High-abrasion-resistance copper-based composite material and preparation method thereof
CN106399877A (en) * 2016-06-22 2017-02-15 陈林美 Wear-resistant silicide-based metal ceramic tool and preparation method thereof
CN107107258A (en) * 2015-01-07 2017-08-29 株式会社山本金属制作所 Friction-stir engagement device and the throw engaged for friction-stir
CN107160981A (en) * 2017-06-28 2017-09-15 太仓东泰精密机械有限公司 A kind of caravan antitheft door
CN108290244A (en) * 2015-10-30 2018-07-17 维也纳科技大学 Friction stir welding tool
CN109487143A (en) * 2019-01-09 2019-03-19 成都金钨硬质合金有限公司 A kind of crystallite GW30u hard alloy and preparation method thereof
CN109666844A (en) * 2019-01-30 2019-04-23 昆山长野超硬合金有限公司 A kind of hard alloy and preparation method thereof
CN110010263A (en) * 2019-03-27 2019-07-12 吉林大学 A structure design method of hard, wear-resistant and conductive thin film material
CN110576255A (en) * 2019-09-16 2019-12-17 安泰天龙钨钼科技有限公司 friction stir welding stirring head and preparation method thereof
CN111621685A (en) * 2020-07-21 2020-09-04 广东正信硬质材料技术研发有限公司 Corrosion-resistant hard alloy with double-crystal structure and preparation method thereof
CN111777418A (en) * 2020-06-11 2020-10-16 中国兵器科学研究院宁波分院 Superhard composite material stirring head for friction stir welding and preparation method
CN111945051A (en) * 2020-08-21 2020-11-17 盐城市欧特威机械科技有限公司 Manufacturing process of bicrystal hard alloy for cutting tooth of coal mining heading machine

Cited By (28)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103521913B (en) * 2009-09-17 2016-05-18 株式会社日立制作所 Friction stirring instrument
CN102019502B (en) * 2009-09-17 2013-11-06 株式会社日立制作所 Friction stir tool
CN102019502A (en) * 2009-09-17 2011-04-20 株式会社日立制作所 Friction stir tool
CN102107328B (en) * 2009-12-23 2013-03-27 中国科学院金属研究所 Combined type welding tool used for friction stir welding of metal matrix composite
CN102958639B (en) * 2010-12-28 2015-06-24 住友电气工业株式会社 Rotation tool
CN102958639A (en) * 2010-12-28 2013-03-06 住友电气工业株式会社 Rotation tool
CN103920984A (en) * 2014-04-03 2014-07-16 长春三友汽车部件制造有限公司 Combined type stirring, rubbing and welding head manufactured by using double materials and manufacturing process thereof
CN107107258A (en) * 2015-01-07 2017-08-29 株式会社山本金属制作所 Friction-stir engagement device and the throw engaged for friction-stir
CN107107258B (en) * 2015-01-07 2020-08-14 株式会社山本金属制作所 Friction stir welding device and rotary tool for friction stir welding
CN104805347A (en) * 2015-05-18 2015-07-29 李白 High-strength and high-speed cutter
CN104805348A (en) * 2015-05-18 2015-07-29 李白 High-speed cutter
CN104911431A (en) * 2015-06-26 2015-09-16 河源正信硬质合金有限公司 High-toughness ultra-wear-resistant hard alloy and manufacturing method thereof
CN108290244A (en) * 2015-10-30 2018-07-17 维也纳科技大学 Friction stir welding tool
CN108290244B (en) * 2015-10-30 2021-09-10 维也纳科技大学 Friction stir welding tool
CN106399877A (en) * 2016-06-22 2017-02-15 陈林美 Wear-resistant silicide-based metal ceramic tool and preparation method thereof
CN106367631B (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-12-26 宁波新睦新材料有限公司 A kind of high-wearing feature Cu-base composites and preparation method thereof
CN106367631A (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-02-01 宁波新睦新材料有限公司 High-abrasion-resistance copper-based composite material and preparation method thereof
CN107160981A (en) * 2017-06-28 2017-09-15 太仓东泰精密机械有限公司 A kind of caravan antitheft door
CN109487143A (en) * 2019-01-09 2019-03-19 成都金钨硬质合金有限公司 A kind of crystallite GW30u hard alloy and preparation method thereof
CN109666844A (en) * 2019-01-30 2019-04-23 昆山长野超硬合金有限公司 A kind of hard alloy and preparation method thereof
CN110010263A (en) * 2019-03-27 2019-07-12 吉林大学 A structure design method of hard, wear-resistant and conductive thin film material
CN110576255A (en) * 2019-09-16 2019-12-17 安泰天龙钨钼科技有限公司 friction stir welding stirring head and preparation method thereof
CN110576255B (en) * 2019-09-16 2021-12-17 安泰天龙钨钼科技有限公司 Friction stir welding stirring head and preparation method thereof
CN111777418A (en) * 2020-06-11 2020-10-16 中国兵器科学研究院宁波分院 Superhard composite material stirring head for friction stir welding and preparation method
CN111777418B (en) * 2020-06-11 2022-06-17 中国兵器科学研究院宁波分院 Superhard composite material stirring head for friction stir welding and preparation method
CN111621685A (en) * 2020-07-21 2020-09-04 广东正信硬质材料技术研发有限公司 Corrosion-resistant hard alloy with double-crystal structure and preparation method thereof
CN111621685B (en) * 2020-07-21 2021-08-31 广东正信硬质材料技术研发有限公司 Corrosion-resistant hard alloy with double-crystal structure and preparation method thereof
CN111945051A (en) * 2020-08-21 2020-11-17 盐城市欧特威机械科技有限公司 Manufacturing process of bicrystal hard alloy for cutting tooth of coal mining heading machine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IL193160A0 (en) 2009-02-11

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN101415518A (en) High-performance friction stir welding tools
CN1995427B (en) Cemented carbide compositions
CN101316941A (en) Hardmetal materials for high-temperature applications
US7857188B2 (en) High-performance friction stir welding tools
US8034153B2 (en) Wear resistant low friction coating composition, coated components, and method for coating thereof
WO2007089882A2 (en) High-performance friction stir welding tools
US20100180514A1 (en) High-Performance Hardmetal Materials
US20070034048A1 (en) Hardmetal materials for high-temperature applications
CN101255512A (en) Boron-containing titanium carbide nitride based metal ceramic cutter material and preparation technique thereof
JPH05209248A (en) High hardness and wear-resistant material
KR890004489B1 (en) Sintered material for cutting tool having excellent high temperature characteristic and its production
Borovinskaya et al. SHS-produced hard alloys

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
ASS Succession or assignment of patent right

Owner name: GLOBAL STRATEGY CO., LTD.

Free format text: FORMER OWNER: JIECHU METAL INDUSTRY CO.,LTD.

Effective date: 20090626

C41 Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model
TA01 Transfer of patent application right

Effective date of registration: 20090626

Address after: Kowloon, Hongkong, China

Applicant after: Genius Metal Inc.

Address before: American California

Applicant before: Genius Metal Inc.

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: HK

Ref legal event code: DE

Ref document number: 1129869

Country of ref document: HK

ASS Succession or assignment of patent right

Owner name: ZHUQING ENGINEERING CO., LTD.

Free format text: FORMER OWNER: GENIUS METAL, INC.

Effective date: 20120425

C41 Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model
TA01 Transfer of patent application right

Effective date of registration: 20120425

Address after: Wilmington, Delaware

Applicant after: Bamboo Engineering Company Limited

Address before: Kowloon, Hongkong, China

Applicant before: Genius Metal Inc.

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: HK

Ref legal event code: WD

Ref document number: 1129869

Country of ref document: HK

C12 Rejection of a patent application after its publication
RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication

Application publication date: 20090422