A kind of Pneumatic loading type friction wear testing machine
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Pneumatic loading type friction wear testing machine.
Background technology
Existing friction wear testing machine mainly contains hydraulic loaded formula friction wear testing machine servo-drive system testing machine, counterweight loaded type testing machine, and the load mode of hydraulic pressure is used for big load and loads, and its trial stretch is narrow, bad adaptability.The equipment of servo-drive system testing machine is comparatively expensive, has improved the cost of friction test.Counterweight loaded type testing machine, its loaded load is changeless in carrying out friction-wear test, can't be implemented in and adjust loaded load in the friction-wear test process at any time, in addition, the counterweight formula loads needs the artificial counterweight of changing to adjust loaded load, test efficiency is very low, and needs special messenger's post, has strengthened experimentation cost.
Summary of the invention
Problem at prior art exists the invention provides the Pneumatic loading type friction wear testing machine that a kind of loaded load scope is wide, cost is low.
For achieving the above object, a kind of Pneumatic loading type friction wear testing machine of the present invention comprises sample stage, load maintainer, driving mechanism, data collector and frame; Sample stage is arranged on the frame, and can do rotation or to-and-fro movement under drive mechanism; Load maintainer comprises pressure head support, resistance head, cylinder, and resistance head is arranged on the pressure head support, and the pressure head support links to each other with cylinder, and can make resistance head on it pressured or break away from the sample surfaces that is provided with on the sample stage under cylinder is handled; Data collector is arranged on the pressure head support, resistance head is applied to the friction data that act on the resistance head when pressure on the sample and sample move with sample stage gathers, cylinder can be adjusted resistance head according to the data collector feedack and be applied to pressure on the sample.
Further, during described cylinder operation, come the pressure that described resistance head acts on the described sample is regulated by the air pressure of regulating in its piston two side cavity.
Further, described sample stage is horizontally disposed with, described cylinder vertically is provided with, described pressure head support is for L shaped, its vertical direction cramp bar links to each other with orienting sleeve, also be provided with in the described orienting sleeve and prevent revolving structure, the cylinder piston connecting rod links to each other with described orienting sleeve, and described cylinder piston connecting rod drives described pressure head support and moves up and down.
Further, also be provided with operator's console on the described frame, described sample stage is arranged on the described operator's console, and described orienting sleeve is arranged on described operator's console, and the vertical supported end of described pressure head support runs through described operator's console and connects described orienting sleeve.
Further, described driving mechanism comprises drive motor and transmission shaft, and described transmission shaft vertically runs through described operator's console, and the one end links to each other with sample stage, and the other end links to each other with drive motor power.
Further, described driving mechanism comprises drive motor and gear train, on the described gear train first connecting rod is set, the described first connecting rod other end and second connecting rod are hinged, described second connecting rod and sample stage base are fixed, described sample stage base movable frame is located on the guide rail that is provided with on the described operating platform, described sample stage is arranged on the described sample stage base, described drive motor drives the gear train rotation, by first connecting rod and second connecting rod, described sample stage base is along described guide rail to-and-fro movement.
Further, described data collector comprises tension-compression sensor and friction sensor, described tension-compression sensor and friction sensor are S shape, wherein said friction sensor is arranged on described cramp bar middle part and parallel with described sample stage, described tension-compression sensor is arranged on the described pressure head support transverse link and is vertical with described sample stage, and described friction sensor and described tension-compression sensor intersection are provided with described resistance head.
Pneumatic loading type friction wear testing machine of the present invention, the data message that collects by data collector, send computer system to, computer system comes the pressure that described resistance head acts on the described sample is regulated according to the air pressure in data message control cylinder two side cavity of sensor acquisition, thereby realize stepless adjustment loaded load, by selecting the cylinder of different size for use, make the setting range of pressure more wide in range, make the specimen material kind of friction-wear test measurement friction and wear behavior more, applicability improves greatly, can evaluate the friction and wear behavior of friction pair unlike material and technology effectively.In addition, friction wear testing machine of the present invention simple in structure, easy to install and use, the overall cost of testing machine is cheap relatively, has effectively controlled the cost that carries out friction test.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the front view of Pneumatic loading type friction wear testing machine of the present invention among the embodiment 1;
Fig. 2 is the right view of Pneumatic loading type friction wear testing machine of the present invention among the embodiment 1;
Fig. 3 is the right view of Pneumatic loading type friction wear testing machine of the present invention among the embodiment 2;
Fig. 4 is a reciprocating mechanism A portion amplification plan view among Fig. 1.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
As Fig. 1, shown in 2 and 4, Pneumatic loading type friction wear testing machine of the present invention, comprise sample stage 3, load maintainer, reciprocating mechanism 6 and frame 1, frame 1 upper end is provided with an operator's console 11, reciprocating mechanism 6 is set on the operator's console 11, one cylinder 4 that vertically is provided with is arranged on the base of frame 1, the lower surface of operator's console 11 is provided with orienting sleeve 43, the piston rod of cylinder 4 links to each other with pressure head support 2 by orienting sleeve 43, pressure head support 2 is for L shaped, its vertical direction cramp bar links to each other with orienting sleeve 43, the horizontal direction connecting rod is provided with a cantilever 22 that vertically extends downwards, one tension-compression sensor 221 that vertically is provided with is arranged on the cantilever 22, tension-compression sensor 221 is used for the loaded load of acquisition test process, pressure head support 2 middle parts also are provided with a horizontal fixed bar 21 that parallels with operator's console 11, horizontal fixed bar 21 is provided with a friction sensor 211 that parallels with operator's console 11, friction sensor 221 is used for the friction force of acquisition test process, wherein tension-compression sensor and friction sensor 211 are S shape, waling stripe 21 crosses with cantilever 22 and to be provided with resistance head 23, these resistance head 23 vertical pressure holdings are on the sample on the sample stage 3, the lower surface of operator's console 11 also is provided with gear train 5, drive motor links to each other with gear train 5 power, link to each other by a turning axle that vertically is provided with between gear train 5 and the reciprocating mechanism 6, thereby drive motor drives gear train 5 rotations and drives reciprocating mechanism 6 motions, reciprocating mechanism 6 comprises universal stage 61, first connecting rod 62, second connecting rod 64 and rail plate 63, universal stage 61 links to each other with described turning axle, fixing first connecting rod 62 on the universal stage 61, first connecting rod 62 other ends and second connecting rod 64 are hinged, second connecting rod 64 other ends link to each other with sample stage pedestal 31, sample stage 3 is erected on the rail plate 63 by sample stage pedestal 31, the two sides of 63 guiding of rail plate are a groove along the extension of rail plate 63 length directions, the projection that matches with this groove is arranged at the bottom of sample stage pedestal 31, sample stage pedestal 31 is erected on the rail plate 63 also can be moved along rail plate 63, rail plate 63 fixes with operator's console 11 and parallels with operator's console 11 upper surfaces, rail plate 63 can be selected rolling guide for use, the resistance of can reducing friction improves measuring accuracy.5 rotations drive sample stage 3 to-and-fro movement on rail plate 63 thereby drive motor drives gear train.
Have upper and lower two blow vents 41 on the cylinder 4,42, upper and lower two blow vents 41,42 link to each other with gas-holder by two air ducts, and the air inflow in the cylinder 4 is respectively by the reduction valve control that is provided with on electronics reduction valve that is provided with on the pipeline of upper end and lower channel.Because pressure head support 2 and on it weight of fixed sensing and resistance head fix, in order to make the friction behavior test more accurate, by adjusting the air pressure in cylinder piston two side cavity, air pressure in the chamber of lower end is remained and being equal in weight of pressure head support 2.The throughput of cylinder 4 upper end blow vents is by the control of electronics reduction valve, computer control system receives the pressure information that tension-compression sensor 221 collects, control electronics reduction valve is adjusted the gas flow that cylinder 4 upper vents 41 feed, loaded load that can stepless adjustment resistance head 23 all is improved largely the precision of loaded load and setting range.In addition, also be provided with the anti-structure 44 of revolving that prevents that pressure head support 2 from rotating in a circumferential direction in moving up and down motion process on the orienting sleeve 43, prevent revolving the form setting of structure 44 with bearing pin, prevent that revolving structure 44 also can be arranged in the orienting sleeve 43 for linear bearing, it is directly linked to each other with pressure head support 2 bottoms with cylinder piston rod, and assurance pressure head support 2 all moves can not produce along straight line in the process of moving up and down and rotates in a circumferential direction.In addition, prevent revolving the anti-method to set up of revolving that structure 44 also can adopt other routine.
Be provided with vertically tension-compression sensor 221 on the pressure head support 2 with horizontal direction, friction sensor 211, by sensor acquisition to the size of signal by the computer control loaded load, make the friction test full automation, the friction test operation is more convenient and quick.In addition, because the roughness of the sample that friction test is selected itself is inconsistent, the surface of sample stage 3 also can not be absolute plane, after so sample is placed on the sample stage 3, its surface can not guarantee to be a plane, under this state, carry out friction test, in process of the test, will produce a fluctuation, bring negative effect for the measuring accuracy of friction test.The friction force F=f that produces during friction * N, wherein f is a friction factor, N is the normal load that is loaded, the friction factor f that is surveyed is relevant with the load N of friction force F and loading, wherein friction force F changes constantly, do not consider the influence of the common fluctuation that produces of sample and sample stage in the former friction test to friction factor, because the influence of being fluctuateed, friction force F and loaded load N all change in the friction-wear test process, keeping loaded load N is that certain value carries out friction test, the precision of the friction factor f that measures is not accurate enough, therefore the present invention is provided with the variation that two sensors are measured friction force and loaded load constantly, eliminated the influence of fluctuation to a certain extent, made the measuring accuracy of friction test more accurate measuring.
Embodiment 2:
Device of the present invention both can the friction behavior of measuring samples when to-and-fro movement, all right measuring samples friction behavior when rotated, as shown in Figure 3, reciprocating mechanism is replaced with rotating mechanism, rotating mechanism comprises sample stage 3 and sample stage base 7, sample stage 3 is placed on the sample stage base 7, sample stage base 7 is fixed on the operator's console 11, has the rotating output shaft that vertically is provided with on the sample stage base 7, described rotating output shaft one end connects sample stage base 7, the other end links to each other with drive motor power, thereby motor-driven sample stage 3 rotations, friction behavior when realization rotatablely moves is measured, and the other parts of apparatus of the present invention are all identical with embodiment 1.
Pneumatic loading type friction wear testing machine of the present invention, by sensor acquisition to data message, send computer system to, computer system is regulated the throughput of cylinder according to the data message control electronics reduction valve of sensor acquisition, pressure to resistance head is adjusted, thereby realize stepless adjustment loaded load, adopt the cylinder of different size, the setting range difference of pressure, make the pressure setting range more wide in range, in addition, the present invention respectively is provided with a sensor in level and vertical direction, can Validity Test goes out the variation that friction force in the sample motion process can real-time monitor loaded load again, sets up model by computing machine, eliminated that the sample fluctuation has improved the degree of accuracy of measuring to the influence of rub measurement in the friction process.Frictional testing machine of the present invention simple in structure, easy to install and use, the overall cost of testing machine is cheap relatively, has effectively controlled the cost that carries out friction test.