The application of compressor unit and cooling medium
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of compressor unit that is used to compress fed sheet of a media, be particularly useful for underwater operation, it comprises compressor and electric notor, electric notor comprises stator and rotor, wherein motor stator and cooling unit independently be in be connected and by this independently cooling unit cool off, this cooling unit has cooling medium.Object of the present invention in addition also relates to the application of the special cooling medium that is used for cooling unit, and this cooling unit is used for the stator of motor of the compressor unit of underwater operation.
Background technique
Compressor is made also several underwater units at the large-scale compressor that should be used for transport gas of latest development in field.Because the cause of particular job condition is especially because no matter still all be subjected to strong restrictions by the supply line operability for maintenance purpose, so the present technique field faces very big challenge.Relevant environmental conditions never allows at equipment to be installed and carries out exchange on the material on every side between the seawater.In addition, seawater is corrosive medium and can runs into extreme pressure and temperature condition under the situation of the different depth of waters.Also have a kind of demand to be, equipment should have high as far as possible durability on the one hand, must constitute on approximate Maintenance free ground on the other hand.The little pollution that seems of part chemical corrosion fed sheet of a media has also increased difficulty.
The compressor unit of aforementioned type has had disclosed in international patent application text WO 02/099286A1.The disclosed compressor unit in there has following setting for cooling, promptly, in the overflow passage zone of the radially level of compressor from fed sheet of a media, mostly be and distribute a part of amount the rock gas, wash away being with the assembly that cools off to center on by this part amount, so that the order of magnitude is led away by cold fed sheet of a media to be carried in the loses heat of 100-200kW.
This scheme that is used for the cooling compressor unit especially has advantage, reason is, for the guide shaft loses heat fed sheet of a media that after all will carry is utilized, and the Medium Exchange that needn't between compressor unit and other assembly on every side, add.Yet, owing to treat that fed sheet of a media has chemical corrosion, so this scheme also is difficult to carry out.
Generally fed sheet of a media very dirty and can since on its function around washing away and sensitive components being caused damage.Therefore for example with the bearing of rotor, be cod and radial bearing sealing, thereby the mass exchange between extraneous and these members can not take place.Therefore magnetic bearing must be set.This also is applicable to rotor and stator, and they can avoid the erodibility of fed sheet of a media in a similar fashion by package.When around washing away when being enough to cooled rotor, be necessary for stator other cooling method is set, so that loses heat is led away.Made following setting in the scheme of prior art, that is, stator is provided with the cooling channel, and the fed sheet of a media of making cooling usefulness flows through these passages.This set scheme can avoid the pollution of on-stream fed sheet of a media to the mobile risk that causes damage and may cause passage to stop up by passage.The another one risk is the insulating part of the even porous of stator, it will partly absorb as the fed sheet of a media that cooling medium contact with stator in the zone of washing away, thereby thereby can cause sucking that the expansion of blasting type ground also causes insulating part to be ruined in the hole of medium at insulating part under the situation of step-down suddenly, when for example disconnected at work.
These have high risk known disadvantage for the usability of compressor unit, especially for for the underwater operation, for example be unacceptable for natural gas extraction.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the objective of the invention is to, for the stator of the electric notor of the compressor unit of the motor driven of especially working under the sea provides cooling unit, it can provide outstanding job security on the one hand, does not then need on the other hand during operation to carry out exchange on the material with the external world.
Proposed in order to solve this purpose according to the described compressor unit of claim 1 and according to the described use tetrabasic carboxylic acid of claim 11 pentaerythritol ester (Pentaerythrittetra-carbonsaeureester) as cooling medium.Dependent claims has comprised various preferred variant of the present invention.
Particularly preferred scheme is in order to move cooling unit, uses the cooling medium of tetrabasic carboxylic acid pentaerythritol ester as the motor stator cooling unit under the situation of working under water.
In addition, the reduction of the high burning-point of tetrabasic carboxylic acid pentaerythritol ester and the ignition danger that thereupon brings also is according to the significant advantage in the application of invention.Have in addition lower corrosivity and with the outstanding compatibility of the insulating material that in this zone, uses, for example mica tape and epoxy resin or impregnated with resin.
As the example of tetrabasic carboxylic acid pentaerythritol ester is " Midel " or " Shell Fluid 4600 ".These liquid are not only outstanding insulator, and can also be compatible with material on every side, but also meet very high anti-flaming needs and very high environmental protection needs because they especially dependent of dead military hero in the rank that can not threaten to water.
Especially have the circulation of sealing and cooling medium (tetrabasic carboxylic acid pentaerythritol ester) in this circulation during circulation when cooling unit, especially considered stator to pollution effect receptance.Meaningfully thus be, allow cooling unit have heat exchanger, heat exchanger is in the stator that is cooled with reflow pipe by inflow pipe and is connected, wherein cooling unit is so arranged, and makes cooling medium (tetrabasic carboxylic acid pentaerythritol ester) circulate between heat exchanger, reflow pipe, stator and inflow pipe.
This circulation can be particularly preferably gets into smooth by the mode of natural convection, thereby is implemented in the natural circulation between the aforementioned components of cooling medium.Preferably make circulating in the pump circulation of cooling medium move by pump.Should not undergo phase transition thus, do to guarantee hot especially widely application area like this.
Particularly preferably being according to invention, is that the stator of the electric notor of compressor unit is provided with independently cooling unit on the one hand, for other element of compressor unit other cooling system is set on the other hand.The stator that the separation of cooling unit and cooling system has considered to be subordinated to this type of compressor unit is derived the specific demand of heat.
The cooling system that has cooled off compressor and motor rotor in addition especially preferably with fed sheet of a media as cooling medium, thereby loses heat can utilize fed sheet of a media to be compressed to lead away.This is favourable for transport gas under the sea especially, because rock gas is normally colder.Especially rotor can be washed away around ground by the fed sheet of a media in the open loop valuably.
Description of drawings
By specific embodiment shown in the drawings the present invention is described in detail below.Wherein:
Fig. 1 is the schematic representation according to the longitudinal cross-section of the compressor unit of invention;
Embodiment
Fig. 1 schematically shows the cross section according to compressor unit 1 of the present invention, and this compressor unit 1 has motor 2 and compressor 3 in the shell 4 of airtight formation as main member.4 pairs of motors 2 of shell and compressor 3 grant asylum.Shell 4 is being provided with inflow entrance 6 and outflow opening 7 from motor 2 to compressor 3 the transition region, wherein fluid to be compressed is sucked by suction connection 8 by inflow entrance 6 and allows the fluid that compressed flow away by outflow opening 7.
Compressor unit 1 is made as vertically at work, and wherein the motor rotor 16 of motor 2 is unified into common axle 19 by the compressor drum 9 of compressor 3, and axle 19 rotates around common vertical rotating shaft line 60.
Motor rotor 15 is bearing in first radial bearing 21 of motor rotor 15 upper ends.
Compressor drum 9 is bearing in the position of below by second radial bearing 22.
At the upper end of common axle 19-promptly at the upper end of motor rotor 15-be provided with cod 25.Radial bearing and the work of cod electromagnetic type ground also are provided with to encapsulation separately.Wherein, radial bearing extends around the corresponding bearing position of axle 19 in a circumferential direction, and integrally around 360 °.
The compressor 3 that constitutes as centrifugal compressor has three compressor stages 11, and they are in connection by overflow passage 33 respectively.Be used for realizing thrust on the compressor drum 9 at the pressure reduction that occurs on the compressor stage 11, this thrust is passed on the motor rotor 15, and opposite, thereby under the nominal operation state, farthest realized thrust-balancing with the gravitational direction of the total rotor that forms by compressor drum 9 and motor rotor 15.Utilize this mode can allow cod 25 have and under the situation that is horizontally disposed with spin axis 60, compare less geometrical size.
By cooling system 31 electromagnetic bearing 21,22,25 is cooled to operating temperature, wherein cooling system 31 is provided with the tap 32 in compressor 3 overflow passages.By pipeline make a part of fed sheet of a media, preferably make rock gas flow through filter 35 and then flow through two independently pipelines and caused outer position of bearings (first radial bearing 21 and the 4th radial bearing 24 and cod 25) respectively from tap 32.Additional supply line has been saved in this cooling of being undertaken by cold fed sheet of a media (80).
Motor rotor 15 is centered on by stator 16, and stator 16 has package 39, so that rodent fed sheet of a media 80 can not cause damage to the coil of stator 16.Package preferably is configured to it here can bear the fully loaded working pressure.Doing so also is because for stator is provided with independent cooling unit 40, the cooling medium (tetrabasic carboxylic acid pentaerythritol ester) 56 that is circulating in it and belonging to certainly.Wherein, pump 42 supports to realize passing through the circulation of heat exchanger 43.
So be provided with to major general's package 39, though make that having thin wall thickness in the section of extending between stator 16 and the motor rotor 15 can keep design pressure when by cooling medium 56 stator cooling unit 40 being full of fully.Utilize this mode can avoid eddy current loss bigger in this zone and improve the efficient of whole device.
Compressor drum 9 has compressor shaft 10 according to purpose, has settled independent compressor stage 11 on the compressor shaft 10.This can preferably cooperate by pyrocondensation realizes.For example connect and also be fine by polygonal form fit.In another kind of embodiment, different compressors level 11 is soldered each other, thereby forms the compressor drum 9 of an integral body.
Fig. 2 shows motor rotor 15, stator 16 and cooling unit 40.Cooling unit 40 has cool cycles 50, cool cycles 50 by cooling channel 51, be located at 51 both sides, cooling channel collection chamber 52, be connected to pipeline on this collection chamber be inflow pipe 53, reflow pipe 54 and be arranged on inflow pipe 53 and reflow pipe 54 between condenser 55 form.Cooling medium 56, promptly has a tetrabasic carboxylic acid pentaerythritol ester of Aeroart " Midel ", flow into the cooling channel 51 of stator 16 earlier, flow into condenser 55 through inflow pipe 53 then, cooling medium 56 is cooled and then flows into the collection chamber 52 that is positioned at 51 reflux side tail ends, cooling channel by reflow pipe 54 there.This circulation is sealed.Preferably allow the temperature difference between becoming a mandarin and refluxing be 10K.Condenser is positioned at (height difference Δ H) on the peak with regard to geodesy, thereby provides support for natural convection.In backflow, be provided with pump 42.Stator is packed, cools off by means of fed sheet of a media 80 in the space between rotor 15 and stator 16, and 80 pairs of rotors 15 of fed sheet of a media center on and wash away.