CN101396745A - Yarn-spinning spindle supporting hole processing method and special clamp thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for processing the supporting hole of a spinning spindle, which comprises the following steps: 1) customizing the blanks of the elastic tube (1) and the bearing seat (2); 2) adjusting the elastic tube (1) and the bearing seat (2) of the spinning spindle Carry out mechanical processing respectively; 3) Assemble the elastic tube (1) and the bearing seat (2) to form an integral assembly (10); 4) Position and clamp the assembly with a special fixture; 5) Finely bore the support hole of the elastic tube (3) and bearing housing support hole (8) to complete the machining. The utility model relates to a special fixture for processing the supporting hole of a spinning spindle, which is composed of three parts: a workpiece automatic centering clamping mechanism, an auxiliary positioning clamping mechanism and a positioning mechanism. The invention installs the assembly outside the machine at one time, so that the assembly and the special fixture form an integral body, realizes quick installation and precise turn-around installation on the machine tool, and makes the bearing seat support hole, the elastic tube support hole and the outer support taper surface coaxial The precision reaches 5-6 grades of precision, and realizes high-performance indicators such as high-speed spinning spindle, energy saving, long life and low cost.

Description

Spinning Spindle Support Hole Processing Method and Its Special Fixture

technical field

The invention belongs to the processing field of spinning spindle parts, in particular to a processing of a spinning spindle supporting hole.

Background technique

The spinning spindle is a complex rotary component that operates at high speed. It is mainly composed of a spindle bar, a spindle disk, a spindle bladder, a spindle foot, and a spindle bottom. As the supporting part of the spindle, the spindle bladder is composed of the spindle bearing, the bearing seat, the spindle bottom and its connecting oil film damping and vibration-absorbing device. More commonly used at present is the connecting type spindle liner that adopts metal elastic tube, and it connects the upper bearing (spindle bearing) and the lower bearing (spindle bottom) into a whole through elastic elements, that is, metal elastic tubes with spiral grooves. The spindle with this structure has elastic recovery force and self-adjusting center function due to the lower support, and it has the advantages of strong resistance to axial impact and radial vibration, large bearing capacity, good vibration absorption effect, and less friction and wear links. As a result, higher practical spindle speeds can be achieved. Now this kind of structure commonly used in China is: the bottom of the spindle and the elastic tube are lightly press-fitted and bound together, and the elastic tube relies on the outer circle of the upper end (the right end of Figure 1) and the spindle bearing seat (hereinafter referred to as the bearing) The interference fit connection between the holes of the seat) forms a joint. In order to improve the speed and life of the spinning spindle, reduce energy consumption and working noise, etc., it is required that the supporting holes at both ends composed of elastic tubes and bearing seats have good working accuracy, especially the same distance between the supporting holes and the outer conical surface of the bearing seat. Axial accuracy. In order to achieve the high-performance indicators of high-performance spinning spindles such as high speed, energy saving, long life and low cost, the above-mentioned coaxiality indicators are required to reach at least grade 6 precision.

However, the existing elastic tube, bearing seat processing and assembly technology are:

1) After the elastic tube blank is formed, the outer circular surface 4 of the elastic tube is roughly and finely machined, and then the supporting hole 3 of the elastic tube is roughly and finely bored on the basis of the outer circular surface 4 ;

2) After the bearing seat blank is formed, rough and finish machining the outer conical surface 6 of the bearing seat and its end face 5, and turning the matching hole 7, and then rough and finish machining the bearing seat bearing hole 8 based on the outer conical surface 6 and its end face 5.

3) Based on the outer conical surface 6 of the elastic tube and the matching hole 7 of the bearing seat, the elastic tube and the bearing seat are press-fitted into a whole (assembly 10).

This method of separately processing the two parts and then combining them is due to the small rigidity of the spinning spindle elastic tube and the spindle bearing seat and its machining error, as well as the requirements for the interference fit between the elastic tube and the bearing seat on the inner and outer cylindrical surfaces. , There will usually be large assembly errors such as axis bending or skewing. Therefore, the coaxiality of the actual component support holes is often lower than the 7th grade accuracy, or even lower.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for processing the supporting hole of the spinning spindle and its special jig for processing, so as to solve the defect of low coaxiality of the supporting hole of the assembly in the prior art.

A method for processing a spinning spindle support hole, comprising the following steps:

1) Customized elastic tube (1) and bearing seat (2) blanks;

2) Machining the elastic tube (1) and the bearing seat (2), including the outer circle of the elastic tube (1) and its matching journal (4), and leaving a fine boring allowance in the elastic tube support hole (3); The outer conical surface (6), the outer conical end surface (5), the matching hole (7) and the bearing seat support hole (8) of the bearing seat (2), and the bearing seat support hole (8) has a fine boring allowance;

3) Assembling, based on the matching journal (4) of the elastic tube (1) and the matching hole (7) of the bearing seat (2), the elastic tube (1) and the bearing seat (2) are press-fitted into an integral assembly ( 10);

4) Position and clamp the assembly with a special fixture to ensure that the assembly and the special fixture are coaxial;

5) Fine-boring the support hole (3) of the elastic tube and the support hole (8) of the bearing seat are finished, and are positioned through the positioning datum plane on the special fixture, and the combined part and the special fixture are rotated by 180 ^° as a whole, and the elastic tube is fine-bored respectively. Tube support holes (3) and bearing housing support holes (8).

A special fixture for processing the supporting hole of a spinning spindle, which is characterized in that it is composed of three parts: a workpiece automatic centering clamping mechanism, an auxiliary positioning clamping mechanism and a positioning mechanism, and the positioning mechanism includes a clamping body (14) and an axial clamping mechanism. The positioning ring (15), after the positioning ring (15) is processed, the middle is cut into two semicircles to assemble with the clamp body (14), and they are arranged axially symmetrically in the middle of the positioning outer circle of the clamp body (14), and the positioning outer circle The circle is divided into the first positioning outer circle a and the second positioning outer circle d, the first positioning surface b on the described positioning ring (15) is perpendicular to the first positioning outer circle a, the second positioning surface c and the second positioning The positioning outer circle d is vertical, and the first positioning outer circle a and the second positioning outer circle d are coaxial.

The workpiece automatic centering clamping mechanism includes a centering clamping element (11), a wedge (13), a first thrust nut (12), and an axial positioning element (20). The centering clamping The element (11) and the axial positioning element (20) are installed in the clamping body (14) and coaxial with the clamping body (14), the wedge (13) cooperates with the centering clamping element (11), and the first stop The push nut (12) is contained in the clamp body (14) to control the axial sliding of the wedge (13), and the wedge (13) has a guide groove matched with the clamp body (14).

The workpiece auxiliary positioning and clamping mechanism is composed of an elastic sleeve (18), an axial retaining ring (19) and a second thrust nut (17) that are matched and connected with the clamping body (14).

Beneficial effect

The invention utilizes a special fixture to install the workpiece (joint piece) outside the machine at one time, so that the workpiece and the special fixture form a whole, and realizes quick installation and precise U-turn installation on the machine tool through the a, b, d and c surfaces on the fixture , so that the coaxiality of the support hole of the bearing seat, the support hole of the elastic tube and the outer support taper surface reaches 5~6 grades of precision, and the high performance indicators such as high speed, energy saving, long life and low cost of the spinning spindle are realized.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is the schematic diagram of elastic tube and bearing seat assembly;

Accompanying drawing 2 is the schematic diagram of elastic tube;

Accompanying drawing 3 is the schematic diagram of bearing block 2;

Accompanying drawing 4 is the assembly structure drawing of the special fixture for processing the supporting hole of the spinning spindle;

Accompanying drawing 5 is the schematic diagram of positioning and clamping of the assembly in the special jig for processing the supporting hole of the spinning spindle;

Accompanying drawing 6 is the schematic diagram of auxiliary clamping of the assembly in the special jig for processing the supporting hole of the spinning spindle.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further illustrate the present invention. It should be understood that these examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the teachings of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of the present application.

Example 1

A method for processing a spinning spindle support hole, comprising the following steps:

1) Customize the blanks of elastic tube 1 and bearing seat 2;

2) Machining the elastic tube 1 and the bearing seat 2, including the outer circle of the elastic tube 1 and its matching journal 4, and leaving a fine boring allowance in the supporting hole 3 of the elastic tube; the outer conical surface 6 of the bearing seat 2, the outer Tapered end face (5), matching hole 7 and bearing seat support hole 8, and leave a fine boring allowance for bearing seat support hole 8;

3) Assembling, based on the matching journal 4 of the elastic tube 1 and the matching hole 7 of the bearing seat 2, the elastic tube 1 and the bearing seat 2 are press-fitted into an integral assembly 10;

4) Clamp the assembly with a special fixture to ensure that the assembly and the special fixture are coaxial;

5) Fine boring the supporting hole 3 of the elastic tube and the supporting hole 8 of the bearing housing are completed, and the positioning reference plane on the special fixture is used for positioning, and the supporting hole 3 of the elastic tube and the supporting hole 8 of the bearing seat are respectively finely bored in the way that the assembly and the special fixture are rotated 180 ^° as a whole. Bearing support hole 8.

A special fixture for processing the supporting hole of a spinning spindle, which is composed of three parts: a workpiece automatic centering clamping mechanism, an auxiliary positioning clamping mechanism and a positioning mechanism. The positioning mechanism includes a clamp body 14 and an axial positioning ring 15, and the positioning ring 15 After processing, the center is cut into two semicircles for assembly with the clamp body (14). They are axisymmetrically arranged in the middle of the positioning outer circle of the clamp body 14, and the positioning outer circle is divided into the first positioning outer circle a and the second positioning outer circle a. Two positioning outer circle d, the first positioning surface b on the positioning ring 15 is perpendicular to the first positioning outer circle a, the second positioning surface c is perpendicular to the second positioning outer circle d, and the first positioning outer circle a and the second positioning outer circle d are coaxial; the workpiece automatic centering clamping mechanism includes a centering clamping element 11, a wedge 13, a first thrust nut 12, and an axial positioning element 20, and the described positioning The centering clamping element 11 and the axial positioning element 20 are installed in the clamping body 14 and are coaxial with the clamping body 14, the wedge 13 is matched with the centering clamping element 11, and the first thrust nut 12 is installed on the clamping body 14 to control The wedge 13 slides axially, and the wedge 13 is provided with a guide groove matching with the clamp body 14; the described workpiece auxiliary positioning clamping mechanism is composed of an elastic sleeve 18, an axial retaining ring 19, The second thrust nut 17 constitutes.

During processing,

First, clean and inspect the special fine boring jig (see accompanying drawing 4), and make the first thrust nut 12 and the second thrust nut 17 in the non-working state (that is, the outer tapered surface 6 of the assembly equal to the maximum limit size can be smoothly The state of entering; the state that the outer circular surface 4 of the elastic tube equal to the maximum limit size enters smoothly);

Then put the first positioning surface b of the special fine boring fixture on the installation datum surface of the workpiece installation workbench 21 (see accompanying drawing 5);

Put the assembly 10 into the centering clamping element 11 of the fixture, and make the outer conical end surface 5 of the bearing seat 2 contact the end surface of the axial positioning element 20 of the fixture, rotate the first thrust nut 12, and push the wedge 13 in the clamp The concrete 14 moves downward in the guide hole, prompting the centering clamping element 11 to produce radial deformation, so that the joint is automatically centered and clamped (the joint and the special fine boring fixture are integrated) (see Figure 5) ;

The centering clamping element 11 relies on the positioning hole of the clamping body 14 and the end face of the axial positioning element 20 to achieve precise positioning and fixing, even if the centering clamping element and the positioning outer circle a and d of the clamping body 14 on the machine tool Stay on-axis. When installing the fitting, insert the fitting into the centering clamping element 11, and make the axial step surface of the fitting rely on the axial positioning element 20 to achieve precise axial positioning; rotate the thrust nut 12 to push the wedge 13 in the clamping Concrete 14 moves downward in the guide hole, causing the centering clamping element to produce radial deformation, so that the joint is automatically centered and clamped;

The first positioning outer circle a and the first positioning surface b of the fixture are used as a positioning datum to realize the rapid and accurate positioning and clamping of the combined part and the special fixture in the precision centering clamping mechanism of the machine tool to complete the bearing support of the combined part Fine boring of hole 8;

Flip the assembly and the special fine-boring jig as a whole by 180°, and place the second positioning surface c of the special fine-boring jig on the installation datum surface of the workpiece installation table 21 (see accompanying drawing 6);

Rotate the second thrust nut 17, push the axial retaining ring 19, and then pressurize the elastic sleeve 18 to cause radial deformation, and carry out auxiliary clamping to the assembly at the determined center position, so as to improve the processing time of the assembly. The support rigidity (see accompanying drawing 6);

The second positioning outer circle b of the fixture and the second positioning surface d are used as a positioning datum to realize fast and accurate positioning and clamping in the precision centering clamping mechanism of the machine tool after the assembly and the special fixture are integrally turned, so as to complete the elasticity of the assembly Fine boring work for tube support hole 3.

Claims (4)

1. A method for processing a spinning spindle support hole, characterized in that: comprising the following steps 1) Customized elastic tube (1) and bearing seat (2) blanks; 2) Machining the elastic tube (1) and the bearing seat (2), including the outer circle of the elastic tube (1) and its matching journal (4), and leaving a fine boring allowance in the elastic tube support hole (3); The outer conical surface (6), the outer conical end surface (5), the matching hole (7) and the bearing seat support hole (8) of the bearing seat (2), and the bearing seat support hole (8) has a fine boring allowance; 3) Assembling, based on the matching journal (4) of the elastic tube (1) and the matching hole (7) of the bearing seat (2), the elastic tube (1) and the bearing seat (2) are press-fitted into an integral assembly ( 10); 4) Position and clamp the assembly with a special fixture to ensure that the assembly and the special fixture are coaxial; 5) Fine-boring the support hole (3) of the elastic tube and the support hole (8) of the bearing seat are finished, and are positioned through the positioning datum plane on the special fixture, and the method of turning the combined part and the special fixture 180° to turn around is fine-bored respectively. Tube support holes (3) and bearing housing support holes (8). 2. A special fixture for processing the supporting hole of a spinning spindle, characterized in that: it is composed of three parts: a workpiece automatic centering clamping mechanism, an auxiliary positioning clamping mechanism and a fixture positioning mechanism, and the described fixture positioning mechanism includes a clamp body (14 ) and the axial positioning ring (15). After the positioning ring (15) is processed, it is cut into two semicircles in the middle to assemble with the clamp body (14). They are arranged axially symmetrically on the positioning outer circle of the clamp body (14). In the middle, the positioning outer circle is divided into a first positioning outer circle a and a second positioning outer circle d, the first positioning surface b on the positioning ring (15) is perpendicular to the first positioning outer circle a, and the second positioning surface c is perpendicular to the second positioning outer circle d, and the first positioning outer circle a and the second positioning outer circle d are coaxial. 3. A special fixture for processing the supporting hole of a spinning spindle as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the workpiece automatic centering clamping mechanism includes a centering clamping element (11), a wedge (13), The first thrust nut (12), the axial positioning element (20), the centering clamping element (11) and the axial positioning element (20) are installed in the clamping body (14) and are connected with the clamping body (14 ) are coaxial, the wedge (13) is matched with the centering clamping element (11), the first thrust nut (12) is mounted on the clamp body (14) to control the axial sliding of the wedge (13), the wedge ( 13) have a guide groove matched with the clip body (14) on the top. 4. A special fixture for processing the supporting hole of a spinning spindle as claimed in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: said workpiece auxiliary positioning and clamping mechanism is composed of an elastic sleeve (18) that is matched and connected with the clamp body (14) , Axial retaining ring (19), the second thrust nut (17) constitutes.

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