CN101396299A - Dewar integrated low-temperature operation device coupled with celioscope - Google Patents
Dewar integrated low-temperature operation device coupled with celioscope Download PDFInfo
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- CN101396299A CN101396299A CNA2008102349952A CN200810234995A CN101396299A CN 101396299 A CN101396299 A CN 101396299A CN A2008102349952 A CNA2008102349952 A CN A2008102349952A CN 200810234995 A CN200810234995 A CN 200810234995A CN 101396299 A CN101396299 A CN 101396299A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a Dewar connecting body type cryosurgery system which is coupled with a celoscope. The system is characterized in that the device is formed by four discrete assemblies: an instrument body, a transmission and controlling system, a cryoprobe, and an intelligent controlling unit which are assembled by a plug mode. The system breaks through the traditional structure type of a cryotherapeutic apparatus in the following aspects: a round self-pressurization Dewar bottle with 5 liter is chosen as the instrument body; a single lucite pipe is used for transporting liquid nitrogen with the temperature of minus 196 DEG C; three high vacuum heat insulation cryoprobes with temperature sensors are arranged (wherein, two cryoprobes used by the celoscope are arranged according to the size of a puncture sheath pipe of the celoscope; the other one is an universal cryoprobe, the front end of which can be screwed with cold probes of all pathology); the system has the functions of automatic temperature measuring, temperature controlling, freezing delay and the like. The system can carry out the interventional micro-wound hepatocellular carcinoma on a tumor in human body with the help of the celoscope and is suitable for human body superficial and deep part focus freezing, spraying and nerve refrigeration anesthesia operations. The system is characterized by novel structure, advanced technique, simplicity and practicality, wide application, and economy and is easy to popularize, etc.
Description
Technical field the present invention relates to a kind of cryosurgery operating theater instruments of physiotherapy, it is a cold-producing medium with liquid nitrogen (-196 ℃), root a tree name Dewar is from the design of supercharging discharge opeing technology and air film mechanism of heat insulation, a kind of and peritoneoscope is coupled, passes through its puncture tube sheath to deep layer tumor in the bodies such as kidney, liver, uterus, gastrointestinal, carries out the Dewar integrated low-temperature operation device of cryoablation operative treatment.It will become the new companion of peritoneoscope after laser, high frequency electric knife, ultrasound knife.
Background technology has obtained remarkable result by clinical practice since Cooper in 1963 starts the liquid nitrogen cryotherapy device, since nearly over half a century, the therapy of a novelty---cryosurgery at home and abroad is used widely clinically.Last century, early eighties cryosurgery technology was introduced into China, and the cryosurgery apparatus was a gap in China at that time.Combine with local R﹠D institution or factory by each department hospital or medical research department, the experimental prototype of a collection of cryosurgery apparatus of various refrigeration classes is developed in the design of self-reliance ground, wherein modal is the cabinet type liquid nitrogen cryotherapy device of hand-held and flexible pipe, offers the hospital clinical popularization and application the shallow table focus of human body is carried out cold therapy.
Liquid nitrogen delivery hose and cryoprobe are the core technology devices in traditional liquid nitrogen cryotherapy device; The liquid nitrogen delivery hose usually with diameter different two corrugated stainless steel tubing intussusceptions be welded, with its interlayer formation thermal insulation layer that is evacuated; This stainless-steel vacuum heat-insulating hose processing technique complexity, the big cost height of manufacture difficulty, vacuum reduces or body is impaired can not re-use once working as.As far back as 1411 scientific and technical personnel of portion of China Electronics in 1978, inspired by U.S. U2 aircraft IR seeker refrigeration modes, 1411 institutes cooperate with 304 hospitals of PLA, develop the two-phase conveying type liquid nitrogen cryotherapy device of 5 pounds of glass thermos bottles of a kind of usefulness and three internal diameter 2.5mm polyethylene tube research and development, being used for of quilt success is clinical.This cryosurgical engineering was domestic at that time to have factory of a few family once to organize produced in small quantities, and defectives such as the back is little because of the unstable refrigerating capacity of operating pressure, the easy explosion of glass thermos bottle are progressively made no public appearances.
Since reform and opening-up, the influence of changing and be widely used by new Medical Instruments such as microwave, laser because of system, domestic research and development and the production that does not almost have a tame scientific research department and factory to inquire again Tianjin cryosurgery apparatus product, that batch experimental prototype of development also all damages in succession in one's early years.Present situation is: domestic not only do not have novel cryosurgery apparatus product to come out, simple and practical hand-held liquid nitrogen cryotherapy device of fine quality is also desired to purchase does not have door, helpless have many hospitals Cotton swab of now taking again to be stained with the raw mode that liquid nitrogen smears, and keeps the freezing outpatient service of carrying out the skin superficial focus.China's medical refrigeration cause falls into the lowest point thus, and is more and more big with the foreign level gap.
Along with technological progress, last century Mo U.S. Cryomedical Sciences, Inc. (CMSI/SACC) at first researches and develops successful CMS and explores 450 (liquid nitrogen) cryosurgery system and be used for clinical, realized under the ultrasonic guidance that the non-abdomen of opening carries out the vision that cryosurgery is treated to deep layer tumor in the human body.Domestic in recent years have only a few hospital to spend three, four million people people's coin, introduced the hose type ERBE CRYO of U.S. CMS company 6 ultra low temperature therapeutical systems; Or bought that U.S. Endocar company and Israel make, root a tree name joule-thomson principle research and development argon helium knife.The cryosurgery new technique that is used to explore percutaneous puncture minimally-invasive treatment in-vivo tumour under ultrasonic or the guided by magnetic resonance is used.Yet the vast hospital of China does not have so much fund to remove to buy this type of high-end product.Required is the homemade new type low temperature surgical instruments of a kind of simple and practical, processing ease, price economy; Especially a kind of down auxiliary at peritoneoscope, tumor in the human body is implemented to get involved the cryosurgery system that the sexual trauma cryoablation is treated.A tree name consult have in recent years experiment with argon helium knife by peritoneoscope to the example of cold therapy of liver cancer report, but truly with the coupled cryosurgery system of peritoneoscope, nowadays not seeing as yet both at home and abroad has.
Summary of the invention
1, goal of the invention: the objective of the invention is, special and the supporting cryosurgery tool present situation on product of peritoneoscope at current domestic and international shortage, adopt brief brand-new technology scheme, providing a kind of can implement to get involved property Wicresoft to tumor in the human body and hinder the cryoablation treatment under peritoneoscope be auxiliary; Be applicable to shallow table of human body and deep focus cold therapy thereof, neural crymoanesthesia, skin freezing cosmetic surgery again.Have that novel structure advanced technology, simple portable applications are wide, price economy is easy to characteristics such as popularization, Chinese technical characteristic arranged with the coupled cryosurgery system of peritoneoscope.
2, technical scheme: the technical scheme that realizes the object of the invention is: the root a tree name is from a kind of and coupled Dewar integrated low-temperature operation device of peritoneoscope of supercharging discharge opeing technology and the design of air film mechanism of heat insulation.It adopts inserting mode to be assembled by implement body, transmission and control system, cryoprobe, four discrete assemblies in intelligent temperature control unit.Its feature one is: implement body be a capacity be 5 liters from the supercharging discharge opeing, fine vacuum multilayer insulation spherical stainless steel Dewar flask 1.Feature two is: transmission and control system reach the Pressure gauge 8, regulator valve 9, atmospheric valve 5 and the temperature control electromagnetic valve 6 that are threaded with it by central canal 4, carburator 7, plastic infusion pipe 11, cross gas circuit allotter 10 and form.Feature three is: cryoprobe 12 has three kinds of models of ABC, and A type and Type B are the peritoneoscope cryoprobe of 10mm and 5mm according to the configuration of peritoneoscope puncture tube sheath aperture size, shank sealing external diameter; Another kind of C type is the shank forward end opening, can twist connect the cold spy probe of the multiple geomery of each section, external diameter is the universal cryoprobe of 8mm.Feature four is: the intelligent temperature control unit is by being installed in thermocouple temperature sensitive device 14 in the cryoprobe tip, organizing electronics count down timer 16, instrument box 17 that thermometric needle 13, two road intelligent temperature controllers 15, temperature control electromagnetic valve 6, cooling freeze time-delay etc. to constitute.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following innovation:
1. the present invention proposes specially and the peritoneoscope coupling first, and tumor in the human body is implemented the cryosurgery system that the cryoablation treatment is hindered by intervention property Wicresoft.Be used for the new application function of cryosurgery operation for peritoneoscope opens, make it become the new companion of peritoneoscope after laser, high frequency electric knife, ultrasound knife.
2, adopt Dewar from the brand new technical scheme that supercharging discharge opeing and the heat insulation liquid nitrogen two-phase transmission technology of air film combine, directly use from the supercharging Dewar flask and do implement body; Abandoned traditional cost an arm and a leg, the corrugated stainless steel tubing transmission liquid nitrogen of the high vacuum insulation of complex process, with-196 ℃ of liquid nitrogen of common plastics tube two-phase transmission; The rack that breaks away from the big heaviness of body; Be broken to the great reality of the cabinet type liquid nitrogen cryogenics Surgery Systems of flexible pipe traditional structure.
3. select for use and both at home and abroad do not see to have, small-sized (5 liter) fine vacuum multilayer insulation of autonomous Design, rustless steel sphere are made implement body from the supercharging Dewar flask, and its heat-proof quality excellent stiffness is good, volume is little in light weight.Utilize Dewar flask to infuse (nitrogen) than conventional press infusion model advanced persons such as traditional electrical heating or cryopumps from supercharging.Start fast, open the supercharging valve and can infuse immediately.
4. adopt single internal diameter 5mm *-196 ℃ of liquid nitrogen of 1500mm lucite pipe two-phase transmission, the transfusion refrigerating capacity is big; Plastic tube can move with the treatment angular bend that cryoprobe changes arbitrarily, and the plastic tube frost-free does not break under service pressure, still can keep soft.Cryoprobe generally in 60 seconds the cryoprobe tip can fall and reach below-180 ℃.One plastic tube has only several yuans.And a metal liquid nitrogen delivery hose cost is up to thousands of units.Both prices can't be compared.
5. dispose small-sized two road intelligent digitals and show temperature controller, institute possesses functions such as automatic temperature measurement, temperature control, thermoregulation and freezing delayed alarm, has satisfied the technical need of clinical use substantially.
6. cryoprobe adopts the liquid nitrogen flow channel of high vacuum insulation, owing to taked a series of technological measure, reaches 5 * 10 after cryoprobe is found time
-5The Pa fine vacuum; Its heat-proof quality is good, can reuse.The expectation vacuum is held time at least more than 3 years.
7. change under the prerequisite of peritoneoscope existing structure need not, two kinds of cryoprobes of the shank sealing of being disposed can be implemented to get involved property Wicresoft to tumor in the human body and hinder the cryoablation treatment under the peritoneoscope indicator screen be observed, and look far clear, accurate positioning,
8. Pei Zhi shank can be twisted the cryoprobe that connects each multiple geomery cryoprobe of sick section, can be used for the cold therapy of focuses such as body surfaces such as skin, otorhinolaryngology, oral cavity, uterus, anorectal and depths tumor thereof.Set regulation and control at-70 ℃ when the treatment temperature, install extraordinary cryoprobe additional after, can split position nerves such as the postoperative intercostal nerves of breast, a back vertebra, implement the crymoanesthesia operation.Also can carry out the direct injection liquid nitrogen freezing, be particularly suitable for the skin freezing cosmetic surgery being fit to focus.
9. cryoprobe has adopted the project organization of pipe in front fine and rear thick playpipe and the vacuum chamber, reduces liquid nitrogen flow resistance and returned cold nitrogen resistance significantly; Make the cryosurgery system operating pressure only need 3-6Kp minute-pressure, working stability safety.
10. intelligent temperature control unit precise dose monitoring and regulate control helps making operating process simpler and more direct to the control of freezing scope and to the protection of adjacent tissue, has ensured the safe and effective of cryosurgery.
11. cryosurgery system provided by the invention, compact conformation, volume are little; In view of all members are to adopt inserting mode to be assembled, detachable at ordinary times being placed in the instrument container carried very convenient.
12. cryosurgery system wide application provided by the invention, anticipated price have only import ultra low temperature therapeutical system 1/100, like this cryosurgery system of price economy, general middle and small hospital can both be acquired.Being convenient to extend to the vast cities and towns basic unit of China has laparoscopically hospital to use.Surgery cost will descend significantly than the cryosurgery under the ultrasonic guidance, fixed can acceptance by the numerous common people.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is structure of the present invention and operation principle sketch map
Accompanying drawing 2 is the structural representation of cryoprobe
Wherein connection handle 1 is introduced pipe 6 in playpipe 2 follower heads 3 back outer tubes 4 adsorbers 5 backs
Playpipe 11 seal 12 before the interior pipe 10 before the outer tube 9 before the front end 7 transition welding circle 8
Freezing most advanced and sophisticated 13 vacuum exhaust nozzles, 14 exhaustors, 15 thermocouple lead sockets 16
Accompanying drawing 3 is a peritoneoscope cryosurgery operation principle sketch map
Further describe the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments:
Specific embodiments by accompanying drawing 1 as seen, provided by the invention and the coupled Dewar integrated low-temperature operation device of peritoneoscope by implement body, transmission and control system, cryoprobe, four discrete assemblies in intelligent temperature control unit, adopt inserting mode to be assembled.
It is 5 liters, heavy 5Kg that implement body is selected the capacity of autonomous Design manufacturing for use, be of a size of the sphere of Φ 270 * 490mm from supercharging Dewar flask 1, be welded by two pairs of stainless steel thin-wall hemispherical Shell intussusception argon arcs, have in the interlayer one from the inner bag bottom plate around passing to shell the copper pipe 2 that boosts; Boost pipe 2 by a pressure charging valve 3 be connected copper pipe and communicate with the inner bag neck tube; Adopt fine vacuum multilayer insulation pattern from the supercharging Dewar flask, sealed knot vacuum reaches 2 * 10
-4More than the Pa.Day is evaporated to 7%.
Transmission and control system reach the Pressure gauge 8, regulator valve 9, atmospheric valve 5 and the temperature control electromagnetic valve 6 that are threaded with it by central canal 4, carburator 7, plastic infusion pipe 11, cross gas circuit allotter 10 and assemble: it is that 5mm, outer rim are the radiating fin shape that carburator 7 usefulness red copper bars are processed into central through hole; The Thin Stainless Steel pipe of central canal 4 usefulness internal diameter 5mm is made, and the upper end is inserted and is welded in the carburator 7 bottom eyelets, and insert in the Dewar flask 1 lower end; Plastic infusion pipe 11 is selected the lucite pipe of the long 1500mm of 7 * 5mm for use, and an end is socketed in the outlet of carburator 7 top liquid nitrogen, and the other end is socketed in cryoprobe 11 connection handles on the liquid nitrogen spray pipe mouth of pipe; It is that 60mm, range are the micromanometer of 0-10Kp that Pressure gauge 8 is selected external diameter for use; Regulator valve 9 and manual atmospheric valve 5 all adopt the needle valve structure, on regulator valve 9 valve rods holddown spring are housed.In case the superpressure valve rod is by the jack-up pressure release.Temperature control electromagnetic valve 6 is that cryosurgery system is used to realize the critical component of control automatically, and the employing miniaturization (Φ 20 * 50mm) general solenoid valve structures, the solenoid winding is 100 Ω, running voltage DC20-24V; Transmission and control system are twisted to connect by the central canal nut of cross gas circuit allotter 10 and are installed on the main body Dewar flask 1 neck tube screw.
By accompanying drawing 2 as seen: described cryoprobe 12 has three kinds of models of ABC, and wherein A type and Type B are respectively the peritoneoscope cryoprobe of 10mm and 5mm by the configuration of peritoneoscope puncture pipe sheath aperture size, shank sealing external diameter; Another kind of C type is front opening, can twist connect the cold spy probe of each multiple geomery of sick section, external diameter is the universal cryoprobe of 8mm.Freezing cold pin be actually a kind of with the thermocouple temperature sensitive device, adopt the vacuum tube device of the liquid nitrogen flow channel of high vacuum insulation; It by the vacuum chamber of making shank before outer tube 9, front end 7, the back outer tube 4 of double as operating handle, follower head 3; Back interior pipe 6, the adsorber 5 of pipe 10, amplification in before the vacuum chamber; Liquid nitrogen spray pipe 11, liquid nitrogen inlet tube 2, connection handle 1, part intussusception solderings such as freezing most advanced and sophisticated 13 form.The totally long 400mm of cryoprobe, the long 280mm of shank.Outer tube 4 is selected the stainless steel tube of Φ 18 * 1 for use behind the vacuum chamber of double as operating handle, is welded with oxygen-free copper on the outer wall of rear end and takes out the mouth 14 of bleeding that pipe is made; Back outer tube 4 is integrally welded by front end 7 transition location with preceding outer tube 9; Back interior pipe 6 that amplifies and preceding interior pipe 11 are integrally welded by 8 sockets of transition circle; Liquid nitrogen inlet tube 2 is also integrally welded by 8 sockets of transition welding circle with liquid nitrogen spray pipe 11.The vacuum chamber rear end is by passing the back interior pipe 6 welding sealed knots of follower head 3; The vacuum chamber front end welds sealed knots by seal 12 with preceding outer tube 9 and preceding interior pipe 10.Liquid nitrogen inlet tube 2 passes and solid welding from connection handle 1 centre bore, and the right side is welded with nitrogen discharge pipe 15; Be embedded in the thermocouple temperature sensitive node lead-in wire of freezing most advanced and sophisticated 13 inside top, from vacuum chamber inwall and liquid nitrogen spray pipe outer rim clearance channel, pass, be welded on the drawing on the socket 16 of connection handle 1 left side.Follower head 3 afterbody cars have screw, are used for twisting connecing and the belled connection handle 1 of plastic infusion pipe.Freezing most advanced and sophisticated 13 usefulness silver or red copper (plating 24K gold) are made, and external diameter is consistent with outer tube before the vacuum chamber, and long 10mm unprecedentedly holds shape in obtuse angle in being processed into, be welded on the cryoprobe shank forward end; Adsorber 5 is made up of a dress Cortex cocois radicis active carbon in the stainless steel tube urceolus, tightly is enclosed within on the back interior pipe 6 of amplification.Two kinds of peritoneoscope cryoprobes of A type and Type B, except that external diameter be respectively 10mm different with 5mm and inner pipe arrangement (see accompanying drawing 2 pipe arrangements tabulation), structure and other all sizes are just the same.The structure of the universal cryoprobe of C type (seeing accompanying drawing 2 lower-left sketch maps) and shape and A, Type B peritoneoscope are similar substantially with cryoprobe, and difference is that external diameter is that 8mm, inner pipe arrangement are different, the long 200mm of shank, front opening; The opening part car has screw, is used for twisting the cryoprobe that connects each multiple geomery of sick section, and cryoprobe is made of red copper material or thin stainless steel tube.
Vacuum tube device behind the assembling and soldering, outer tube and inner tubal wall interlayer need be evacuated.For can long term maintenance layer vacuum, need before the assembling carry out strict cleaning treatment to all members, except that argon arc welding, all the other all adopt under the hydrogen shield welding procedure to carry out soldering.Vacuum chamber need carry out the helium mass spectrometer leak detector leak detection before evacuation, qualified rear vacuum-pumping, and sealed knot vacuum requires to take out to reach 5 * 10
-5More than the Pa.The effect of adsorbent is to make active carbon catch the continuous rare residual gas of putting of metal in the absorption vacuum chamber under low temperature environment, to keep and to prolong the service life of cryoprobe.
From above-mentioned cryoprobe structure as seen, vacuum chamber outer tube, interior pipe and playpipe are all taked front fine and rear thick form; Purpose be to increase the favourable vacuum of vacuum chamber volume keep and reduce liquid nitrogen spray and with freezing most advanced and sophisticated heat exchange after, form the backflow resistance of nitrogen.To improve the working stability of liquid nitrogen two-phase transmission.
From accompanying drawing 1 as seen: the intelligent temperature control unit is by being installed in thermocouple temperature sensitive device 14 in the cryoprobe tip, organizing thermometric needle 13, two road intelligent temperature controllers 15, constituting for the temperature control electromagnetic valve 6 on the electronics Meter of falling Number Time device 16, instrument box 17 and the cross gas circuit allotter 10 of setting freezing time-delay etc.Thermocouple temperature sensitive device 14 is selected copper, constantan T type thermocouple for use.Organize thermometric needle 13 by long No. 16 syringe needles of front end 40mm and make shank, external diameter 5mm stainless steel tube is welded into, tail end is inserted in the thick plastic handle of 12mm, length overall 280mm.Copper, copper-constantan thermocouple lead pass from needle tubing.The temperature detector node is welded on the needle point place.So it is make of the 5mm stainless steel tube to shank, in order that air tight when making thermometric needle insert peritoneoscope puncture tube sheath latex valve " valve ".More than two place's thermocouple temperature sensitive devices, respectively by drawing lead and two road intelligent temperature controllers 15 are connected; Two road intelligent temperature controllers 15 are panel meter, adopt three and half digital LEDs to show, thermometric is sensitive rapidly.
The thermoregulation span of control is-200 ℃-100 ℃, and panel is provided with four groups of charactrons of two rows, wherein goes up treatment temperature value that row shows cryoprobe (or cryoprobe) setting respectively and falls the actual temperature value that reaches when freezing; Following row shows respectively to be thrust desired temperature that the focus substrate organizes thermometric needle 13 and falls the actual temperature value that reaches when freezing.Select Japanese CAISO product for use for the electronics count down timer 16 of setting freezing time-delay, external diameter 72mm is that the big screen numeral of garden shape shows; Zui Long Meter Time Ke Let is fixed to 99 minutes and 59 seconds, and the back side is convenient to inhale solid on instrument box 17 panels with Magnet; The electronics Meter of falling Number Time device 16 is mainly used in presetting of cryosurgery time, and one when setting-up time arrival, can send the chimes of doom that ticks continuously, reminds the patient to finish cryosurgery.The cryosurgery system that is provided can increase the rewarming function and escalate into by the computer monitoring control operation, after installing several a tree name acquisition modules additional, cryoprobe (or cryoprobe) and organize the variations in temperature numerical value of each time period of thermometric needle is transferred to computer and shows record and deposit retaining.
Operation principle
Provided by the present invention and the coupled Dewar integrated low-temperature operation device of peritoneoscope, be root a tree name Dewar from supercharging discharge opeing technology and the design of air film mechanism of heat insulation, operation principle is as follows:
From accompanying drawing 1 as seen, when opening Dewar flask 1 pressure charging valve 3, copper pipe 2 gas circuits of boosting in the Dewar flask interlayer communicate by pressure charging valve 3 and the Dewar flask inner bag neck tube of opening; Liquid nitrogen moment of inner bag bottom flows in the pipe 2 that boosts, and influenced by ambient heat, and this part liquid nitrogen is vaporized into nitrogen fast, and enters Dewar flask inner bag epicoele, forms the pressure P to liquid nitrogen surface in the Dewar flask; Pressure increases after several seconds, and liquid nitrogen just can realize that promptly Dewar is from the supercharging discharge opeing from upwards ejection of the central canal inserting Dewar flask 4 in the Dewar flask.When pressure charging valve 3 cut out, the pipe that boosts cut off with Dewar flask inner bag gas circuit, and remaining nitrogen holds to be stayed in the pipe and hold that liquid nitrogen no longer flows into the pipe that boosts in the bottle.
The utilization of two-phase transmission technology be the air film mechanism of heat insulation, the low-temperature working person sees through regular meeting and is sprinkled upon ground liquid nitrogen, can be divided into many globules immediately and disorderly roll on ground, just can vaporize after the several seconds, this is because surface tension effects makes unrestrained liquid nitrogen on the ground form bead-like body; It and ground contact surface are minimum, and that part of liquid nitrogen of contact is vaporized immediately earlier, form one deck nitrogen vapor film around liquid nitrogen liquid nitrogen and ground are separated.The thermal resistance of this layer nitrogen vapor film is very big, and when 80K and the 300K, heat conductivity is respectively 0.0064 kilocalorie/(. meters per hour ℃) and 0.0224 kilocalorie/(. meters per hour ℃) as nitrogen, and as seen this layer nitrogen vapor film is also littler than good heat-barrier material heat conductivity.So the liquid nitrogen pearl is unlikely to vaporize immediately.
In view of above-mentioned phenomenon, amplify shown in the revolved view from accompanying drawing 1 and lower left A portion, when inserting the liquid nitrogen process red copper fin carburator 7 of Dewar flask central canal 4 ejections, under its heat-absorbing action, make the part liquid nitrogen vaporization that at first flows to Contact Evaporating device 7 central tube inwalls, form the nitrogen film that one deck is close to inner-walls of duct.This layer nitrogen film separates the liquid nitrogen that does not reach vaporization in the tube wall, and liquid nitrogen forms bead-like body under surface tension effects, flows forward under certain pressure reduction; The follow-up liquid nitrogen that flows to has the part vaporization to form new nitrogen film when carburator 7 again.If rational in infrastructure, two-phase transmission speed and vaporization rate coupling just can form a kind of stable gas-liquid two-phase transmitting fluid, can stably transmit the liquid nitrogen of some in the long pipeline of 1000mm-2000mm.The key that reaches stable transfer is designed carburator thermal capacity, transmission pressure and and the transmission pipeline size; The three must accomplish " complementing each other ".In case do not match then the air film layer be damaged, the transmission of the two-phase of liquid nitrogen is promptly ended.In order to strengthen the refrigerating efficiency of cryoprobe, adopted the transparent plastic that is of a size of Φ 30 * 90mm red copper fin shape carburator and the long 1500mm of 7 * 5mm to make the liquid nitrogen tube for transfusion in the technical program; Through experiment showed, when transmission pressure is controlled at 3-6Kp minute-pressure refrigerating effect the best repeatedly.The cryoprobe tip generally can fall in 60 seconds and reach below-180 ℃.The lucite pipe frost-free does not break, still can keep soft under this operating mode.
The auxiliary cryosurgery operative procedure down of peritoneoscope
Cryosurgery system provided by the invention is mainly used in being not suitable for doing excision in the body or worrying to cause because of excision the malignant tumor of cancer cell metastasis, is implemented in the auxiliary cryoablation that carries out down of peritoneoscope and treats the hands art; Also can take to freeze earlier to seal resection operation again to malignant tumor.
Press accompanying drawing 3 findings, before carrying out cryosurgery, pneumoperitoneum pneumoretroperitoneum mirror enters in the body through the puncture tube sheath, by the observed in-vivo tumour size of indicator screen, selects A type or Type B cryoprobe 12 to inject in the plastic infusion pipe 11; Connect two road intelligent temperature controllers 15, the default temperature controller 15 of reserving is arranged two groups of cryoprobe 12 tips and the temperature value (being generally-50 ℃) of organizing the freezing necrosis of reflection cancerous cell of thermometric needle 13 that charactron is required up and down; Behind the also default simultaneously cryosurgery delay value of reserving on the electronics count down timer 16, close atmospheric valve 5; After also puncture fixes large size pipe sheath by the clear and definite tumor-localizing of patient, can with cryoprobe through the pipe sheath insert to the tumor target and suitably add press contacts, to organize thermometric needle 13 to manage the edge that sheath penetrates into the tumor target simultaneously, promptly carry out the preceding preparation of cryosurgery by the another trumpet.
When opening Dewar flask 1 pressure charging valve 3, Dewar flask moment generation atmospheric pressure, liquid nitrogen begins from 4 ejections of Dewar flask inner central tube and is vaporized the air film layer on every side that forms under the device effect to cut off, continuously flow to plastic infusion pipe 11, spray to cooling cryoprobe 12 tips with bead-like body, the tumor target that quick freezing contacted, reflux in the ligament in the nitrogen that forms after liquid nitrogen and the cryoprobe 12 most advanced and sophisticated heat exchanges, self-injection pipe and vacuum chamber and discharge from tailpipe 15.Two groups of charactrons are along with the time in addition for No. two temperature controllers 15 at this moment, and the flicker that does not stop shows that the temperature change value that reaches falls in cryoprobe 12 tips and borderline tumor substrate tissue.When cryoprobe 12 tips fall when reaching the treatment temperature value that presets, temperature controller 15 can send instruction and make temperature control electromagnetic valve 6 open pressure releases to suspend transfusion; After cryoprobe 12 tip temperatures rose, temperature controller 15 can send instruction and cut out electromagnetism electromagnetic valve 6 continuation transfusion refrigeration.Reach when presetting the downright bad temperature of histiocyte when substrate tissue temperature in the edge of tumor target falls, can open atmospheric valve 5 pressure releases after a few minutes, close Dewar flask pressure charging valve 3 simultaneously and stop transfusion.Treat cryoprobe 12 with freezing after the natural thawing of tumor target throw off the back after, be about to cryoprobe 12 and organize thermometric needle 13 from the pipe sheath, to extract out, finish cryosurgery.If in the operation not during using-system thermometric needle 13, then preset the cryosurgery time when arriving according to a tree name electronics count down timer, finish cryosurgery behind the alarm sound that ticks that sends.
When C type cryoprobe 12 injects plastic infusion pipes 11 ends, twists when connecing the special-purpose cryoprobe of each sick section at the cryoprobe front end, promptly can be used for cold therapy to position focuses such as the shallow table of human body and deep thereof such as skin, otorhinolaryngology, oral cavity, cervix uteri, anorectal, prostate.When the cryoprobe front end is twisted extraordinary cryoprobes such as connecting the thin bar of arc, can be split when the treatment temperature is set and is controlled at-70 ℃ that positions such as the postoperative intercostal of breast, a back vertebra are neural implements the crymoanesthesias operation.Unload cryoprobe and load onto each number notes injection syringe needle, just can carry out the cold therapy of direct injection liquid nitrogen, be particularly suitable for the skin freezing cosmetic surgery being fit to focus.
In sum, the technical scheme of provided by the invention and the coupled Dewar integrated low-temperature operation device of peritoneoscope, can satisfy at peritoneoscope down auxiliary, tumor in the human body implement is got involved property Wicresoft hinder cryoablation treatment operation, be applicable to shallow table of human body and deep focus cold therapy thereof and neural crymoanesthesia operation again, suitable focus direct injection liquid nitrogen freezing and skin freezing cosmetic surgery.Reached possess the novel structure advanced technology, the simple goal of the invention that portable applications is wide, price economy is easy to characteristics such as promoting.Be about to start out and a kind ofly do not see to have at present abroad, have the new type low temperature surgical instruments of Chinese technical characteristic " made in China ", bring benefits to the people.
Claims (10)
1. one kind is used for and the coupled Dewar integrated low-temperature operation device of peritoneoscope, by implement body, transmission and control system, cryoprobe, four discrete assemblies in intelligent temperature control unit, adopts inserting mode to be assembled.Its feature one is: implement body is that a capacity is the fine vacuum multilayer insulation spherical stainless steel Dewar flask 1 from the supercharging discharge opeing of 5 liters.Feature two is: transmission and control system reach the Pressure gauge 8, regulator valve 9, atmospheric valve 5 and the temperature control electromagnetic valve 6 that are threaded with it by central canal 4, carburator 7, plastic infusion pipe 11, cross gas circuit allotter 10 and form.Feature three is: cryoprobe 12 has three kinds of models, and (wherein two kinds is the peritoneoscope cryoprobe of 10mm and 5mm according to the configuration of peritoneoscope puncture tube sheath aperture size, shank sealing external diameter; Another kind of for the shank forward end opening, can twist connect the cold spy probe of the multiple geomery of each section, external diameter is the universal cryoprobe of 8mm).Feature four is: the intelligent temperature control unit is by being installed in thermocouple temperature sensitive device 14 in the cryoprobe tip, organizing electronics count down timer 16, instrument box 17 that thermometric needle 13, two road intelligent temperature controllers 15., cooling freeze time-delay etc. to constitute.
2, the described and coupled Dewar integrated low-temperature operation device of peritoneoscope by claim 1, it is characterized in that having broken through cryotherapeutic apparatus traditional structure pattern, the brand new technical scheme that adopts Dewar to combine from supercharging discharge opeing and the heat insulation liquid nitrogen two-phase transmission technology of air film, directly select for use from the supercharging Dewar flask and make implement body, with-196 ℃ of liquid nitrogen of lucite pipe two-phase transmission.
3. press the described and coupled Dewar integrated low-temperature operation device of peritoneoscope of claim 3, it is characterized in that selecting for use small-sized (5 liter) fine vacuum multilayer insulation rustless steel sphere of making implement body from the supercharging Dewar flask, be the autonomous Design manufacturing, its heat-proof quality excellence, good rigidity, volume are little in light weight.Utilize Dewar flask to infuse (nitrogen) than conventional press infusion model advanced persons such as traditional electrical heating or cryopumps from supercharging.Start fast, open the supercharging valve and can infuse immediately.
4. press the described and coupled Dewar integrated low-temperature operation device of peritoneoscope of claim 1, it is characterized in that adopting single internal diameter is 5 * 1500mm lucite pipe two-phase transmission liquid nitrogen, and the transfusion refrigerating capacity is big.Plastic tube can move with the treatment angular bend that cryoprobe changes arbitrarily, and the plastic tube frost-free does not break under service pressure, still can keep soft.
5. press the described and coupled Dewar integrated low-temperature operation device of peritoneoscope of claim 1, it is characterized in that disposing small-sized two road intelligent digitals and show temperature controller, institute possesses functions such as automatic temperature measurement, temperature control, thermoregulation and freezing delayed alarm, has satisfied the technical need of clinical use substantially.
By claim 1 described with the coupled Dewar integrated low-temperature operation device of peritoneoscope, it is characterized in that cryoprobe adopts the liquid nitrogen flow channel of high vacuum insulation owing to taked a series of technological measure, reach 5 * 10 after cryoprobe is found time
-5PaFine vacuum.Its heat-proof quality is good, can reuse, and the expectation vacuum is held time at least more than 3 years.
7. press the described and coupled Dewar integrated low-temperature operation device of peritoneoscope of claim 6, it is characterized in that need not to change under the prerequisite of peritoneoscope original structure, two kinds of cryoprobes of the shank sealing of being disposed, can be down auxiliary at peritoneoscope, observe by indicator screen, tumor in the human body is implemented intervention property Wicresoft hinder the cryoablation treatment, look far clear, accurate positioning, be used for the new application function of cryosurgery operation for the chamber mirror opens.
By claim 6 state with the coupled Dewar integrated low-temperature operation device of peritoneoscope, it is characterized in that the shank that disposes can twist the cryoprobe that connects each sick section multiform shape size cryoprobe, be applicable to that shallow table of human body and deep focus thereof are freezing, injection, neural crymoanesthesia and skin freezing cosmetic surgery.
9. press the described and coupled Dewar integrated low-temperature operation device of peritoneoscope of claim 1, it is characterized in that cryoprobe has adopted pipe new design structure in front fine and rear thick playpipe and the vacuum chamber, reduce liquid nitrogen flow resistance and returned cold nitrogen resistance significantly, make the cryosurgery system operating pressure only need 3-6Kp minute-pressure, working stability safety.
10. press the described and coupled Dewar integrated low-temperature operation device of peritoneoscope of claim 1; it is characterized in that the precise dose monitoring of intelligent temperature control unit and regulate control; help to the control of freezing scope and to the protection of adjacent tissue; make operating process simpler and more direct, ensured the safe and effective of cryosurgery.
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