CN101388492B - Phased Array Smart Antenna for Wireless Network Bridge - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a phase array type intelligent antenna used for a wireless network bridge, which comprises four antennas, wherein the four antennas are divided into four corners of a quadrangle with a diagonal line of half wavelength, the field pattern of each antenna covers 360 degrees in the horizontal plane, and the antennas are simultaneously opened to transmit signals. In addition, the present invention also includes two input end branch couplers and two output end branch couplers, and the two output end branch couplers and the two input end branch couplers are coupled mutually to form one transmission line feeding network with four antennas set separately in the four output ends of the two output end branch couplers.

Description

Be applied to the phase array type intelligent antenna of wireless network bridge

Technical field

The present invention refers to a kind of phase array type intelligent antenna and How It Works, refers to especially a kind of phase array type intelligent antenna and How It Works that is applied to wireless network bridge.

Background technology

The antenna that tradition is applied to the Wi-Fi product can use dipole (dipole) or one pole (monopole) antenna, and the antenna field shape coverage of these types is about 360 degree.From application surface, its benefit is to have more user to enter Internet by bridger, but because the gain of antenna is not high, wireless communication distance is therefore limited.In order to allow gain improve, can use oriented antenna increases by transmission range; But shortcoming is that beyond the oriented antenna field pattern, the user of direction can't have good efficiency of transmission; Therefore the zone that can use according to the user, the smart antenna of automatic switchover field pattern, in response to and give birth to.The gain of this kind smart antenna is high and can be by the control of software, and the automatic switchover field pattern comes service-user, and the large and high benefit that gains of coverage is arranged, and is widely used in wireless telecommunications.

Existing smart antenna major part is to utilize several oriented antennas, this smart antenna be by the software exchange diode switch with select will with antenna direction carry out communication transfer.The gain utilance of this kind smart antenna is not high, because it only switches arbitrary unidirectional antenna, can't effectively utilize remaining antenna to increase benefit simultaneously; Even used, but the field pattern of the phase place between antenna, distance and respective antenna can not cooperatively interact, adding to be multiplied by good effect can not be arranged for gain.

In addition, circuit key-course, branch coupler and the antenna of existing smart antenna be all at same layer, area occupied not only, and the effect benefit of gain is not good.

Duty is event, and the applicant tests and studies through concentrated in view of the shortcoming in known technology, and a spirit of working with perseverance, and visualizes eventually this case " phase array type intelligent antenna and How It Works ", below is the brief description of this case.

Summary of the invention

The smart antenna that the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of phase array type with and How It Works, with the bad problem of the gain that solves present smart antenna.

The invention provides a kind of smart antenna of phase array type, in order to transmit an electric wave, this electric wave tool one wavelength, this smart antenna comprises to be opened simultaneously with transmission signal four antennas, two input branch couplers, two output branch couplers and a control circuit, and wherein branch coupler refers to Branch linecoupler.

The present invention also provides a kind of How It Works of phase array type intelligent antenna, and this smart antenna comprises four antennas, and the method comprises opens this four antenna simultaneously with transmission signal.This smart antenna more comprises two input branch couplers and two output branch couplers, wherein each input branch coupler has two inputs, this two inputs branch coupler has four-input terminal altogether, each output branch coupler has two outputs, this two outputs branch coupler has four outputs altogether, and the method comprises the following steps: that more (a) opens the wherein input in this four-input terminal and close its excess-three input; (b) input one input signal is in the input of this unlatching; And (c) by this four outputs output signal.

The present invention preferably can change the field pattern of antenna, selects the zone of service, and the more general omni-directional antenna that gains is high, and communication distance is increased.

The present invention preferably utilizes the concept of array antenna, changes the distance between phase place and antenna, and the effect that allows the gain of antenna have addition to subtract each other is different from and utilizes the practice of switching the single directivity antenna, effectively utilizes the utilization rate of antenna.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the phase diagram of four array antennas of smart antenna the first preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the transmission line feed-in networking schematic diagram of four kinds of phase combination of generation of smart antenna the first preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the antenna of smart antenna the first preferred embodiment of the present invention and the schematic top plan view at transmission line feed-in networking.

Fig. 4 is the antenna of smart antenna the first preferred embodiment of the present invention and the schematic side view at transmission line feed-in networking.

Fig. 5 is the understructure figure of smart antenna the first preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is that state one enters resulting field pattern figure by first input end.

Fig. 7 is that state two enters resulting field pattern figure by the second input.

Fig. 8 is that state three enters resulting field pattern figure by the 3rd input.

Fig. 9 is that state four enters resulting field pattern figure by four-input terminal.

Figure 10 is that Phi is 225 ° of field pattern figure on the plane.

Embodiment

See also Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the phase diagram of four array antennas of this case smart antenna the first preferred embodiment, wherein the first antenna 1, the second antenna 2, third antenna 3 and the 4th antenna 4 each certificates are in four jiaos of a quadrangle 5, and diagonal line length 1/2nd wavelength of quadrangle 5, if draw a benchmark tangent line 6 take the first antenna 1 as tangent line, visible the second antenna 2 and the 4th antenna 4 are apart from benchmark tangent line 6 quarter-waves, and third antenna 3 is apart from benchmark tangent line 1/6th two wavelength.

wherein the field pattern of four single antennas must be contained 360 ° for omni-directional antenna at horizontal plane again, so on each direction, the addition of antenna, the phase decrement could be identical, if the phase place of four antennas is 180 ° by the pass of the first antenna 1 to the 4th antenna 4, 90 °, 0 ° and 90 °, 180 ° of the phasic differences mutually of the first antenna 1 and third antenna 3, and the first antenna 1 is for falling behind phase place, two antenna distances are the wavelength of two minutes apart, the phase difference of third antenna 3 and the first antenna 1 is offset by the distance of the wavelength of two minutes, on the first antenna 1, two antennas add mutually to be taken advantage of, and the second antenna 2 and the 4th antenna 4 phase places are 90 °, benchmark tangent line 6 is the wavelength of four minutes to the vertical range of antenna, so 45 ° of degree on the first antenna 1 direction as shown in Figure 1, the gain of four antennas adds to be taken advantage of, it is also the maximum direction of gain, the array factor brought of four antennas is the gain of 6dB in theory, if in like manner the phase relation between the first antenna 1 to the 4th antenna 4 is 90 °, 180 °, 90 °, 0 °, its radiation pattern and gain maximum can move toward the second antenna 2, as long as therefore can change the phase place of antenna, we just can switch the field pattern that we want, and allow the radiation pattern of four array antennas contain 360 °.

See also Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the transmission line feed-in networking schematic diagram of four kinds of phase combination of generation of this case smart antenna the first preferred embodiment, transmission line feed-in networking 11 mainly is comprised of four branch couplers (branch line), wherein, the first input branch coupler 7 and the second input branch coupler 8 are the input of antenna, and the first output branch coupler 9 and the second output branch coupler 10 are the output of antenna.Wherein, the first input branch coupler 7 comprises first input end 21 and four-input terminal 24, the second input branch coupler 8 comprises the second input 22 and the 3rd input 23, the first output branch coupler 9 comprises that the first output 31 and the second output 32, the second output branch couplers 10 comprise the 3rd output 33 and the 4th output 34.

See also table, table one is input table corresponding to the phase place of output, at first see in state one, if open first input end 21 and close the second input 22, the 3rd input 23 and four-input terminal 24 by control circuit, the phase relation of the first output 31, the second output 32, the 3rd output 33 and the 4th output 34 is 0 °, 90 °, 180 ° and 90 °; Be to enter 24 by the second input 22, the 3rd input 23 and four-input terminal respectively in state two, three and four, select different inputs, the relation of output phase is and then different.

Table one, input table corresponding to the phase place of output

		The first output 31	The second output 32	The 3rd output 33	The 4th output 34
						State one	First input end 21	0°	90°	180°	90°
State two	The second input 22	90°	0°	90°	180°
						State three	The 3rd input 23	180°	90°	0°	90°
State four	Four-input terminal 24	90°	180°	90°	0°

See also Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is the antenna of this case smart antenna the first preferred embodiment and the schematic top plan view at transmission line feed-in networking, wherein each output in this figure all corresponds to each output in Fig. 2, but each output in Fig. 2, each output in this figure all have extend little one section.Can see in this figure that the first antenna 1 is positioned at the first output 31, the second antenna 2 is positioned at the second output 32, third antenna 3 is positioned at the 3rd output 33, the 4th antenna position 4 is in the 4th output 34, is defined as the XY plane that is made of X-axis and Y-axis in this figure and with the plane at first, second and third and four antenna places.

See also Fig. 4, Fig. 4 is the antenna of this case smart antenna the first preferred embodiment and the schematic side view at transmission line feed-in networking, wherein can see third antenna 3 and the 4th antenna 4, in addition because this figure is end view, so the first antenna 1 and the second antenna 2 are blocked, and can't illustrate.In addition, can see that smart antenna has upper strata 41, upper strata 41 comprises two input branch couplers, two output branch couplers and four antennas.Can see that again smart antenna has middle level 42, middle level 42 is ground plane.Can see that again smart antenna has lower floor 43, lower floor 43 comprises control circuit.Wherein control circuit comprises a switching device shifter, in order to switch this two inputs branch coupler.

See also Fig. 5, Fig. 5 is the understructure figure of this case smart antenna the first preferred embodiment, can see four diodes 51 in figure, and four diodes 51 are exactly switching device shifter in the present embodiment.Can see again four transmission lines 50 in figure, wherein switching device shifter is connected with four-input terminal respectively by four transmission lines 50, distance between this four-input terminal of this switching device shifter and each is identical, this four length of transmission line is the equivalent length of 1/2nd wavelength, and the phase place between this four-input terminal of this switching device shifter and each is identical, preferably, this case smart antenna can reduce the area that uses, and the addition that is conducive to the gain of upper strata antenna is taken advantage of, be different from other smart antenna in same layer feed-in mode.This four transmission line 50 does not respectively have a grout 55 and flows blocking capacitor 56 always with the end that switching device shifter links again.

Can open the wherein input in this four-input terminal and close its excess-three input when wherein this case smart antenna operates, namely utilize control circuit to open the wherein input in this four-input terminal and to close its excess-three input, furtherly, utilize exactly control circuit with three not conductings of diode controlling this its excess-three input to form open circuit, wherein to divide the distance that is clipped to corresponding three inputs of closing be that the n of 1/2nd wavelength is doubly to form the equivalence open circuit to these three diodes.More comprise FD feed input line 59 in this control circuit shown in this 5th figure again, wherein an end of FD feed input line 59 is connected in this this switching device shifter, and this FD feed input line 59 is in order to feed-in one FD feed 58.In addition, Ben Tu also illustrates FD feed input match circuit 57, and it is positioned on this FD feed input line 59.

The first high frequency blocking circuit 53 shown in Yu Bentu again, it has two ends, and the one end is connected in this FD feed input match circuit 57, and the other end is connected to the power supply of one 3.3 volts.Four the second high frequency blocking circuits 54 shown in Yu Bentu again, each these four second high frequency blocking circuit 54 respectively has two ends, an end ground connection wherein, each these four the second high frequency blocking circuit other ends are connected in this four transmission line by high impedance fine rule 52 respectively, and four high impedance fine rules 52 are respectively quarter-wave.

See also Fig. 6, Fig. 6 is that state one enters resulting field pattern figure by first input end.

See also Fig. 7, Fig. 7 is that state two enters resulting field pattern figure by the second input.

See also Fig. 8, Fig. 8 is that state three enters resulting field pattern figure by the 3rd input.

See also Fig. 9, Fig. 9 is that state four enters resulting field pattern figure by four-input terminal.

See also Figure 10, Figure 10 is that Phi is 225 ° of field pattern figure on the plane, wherein can see in XY planar elevation 30 and spend the yield value of antenna maximum for this reason.

The present invention preferably can reduce the interference of other same frequency signal effectively.

The present invention preferably can change the field pattern of antenna, selects the zone of service, and the more general omni-directional antenna that gains is high, and communication distance is increased.

The present invention preferably utilizes the concept of array antenna, changes the distance between phase place and antenna, and the effect that allows the gain of antenna have addition to subtract each other is different from and utilizes the practice of switching the single directivity antenna, effectively utilizes the utilization rate of antenna.

This case must be thought and is to modify as all by the personage Ren Shi craftsman who is familiar with this skill, so neither taking off as attached claims Protector that scope is wanted.

Claims (9)

1. A phased array smart antenna for transmitting a radio wave with a wavelength. The smart antenna includes: A branch coupler with two input terminals, the branch coupler with two input terminals includes four input terminals in total; a control circuit for controlling the two-input branch coupler; Four antennas, the four antennas form a virtual quadrilateral with each other, and the four antennas are respectively located at four corners of the virtual quadrilateral, Wherein, the control circuit includes a switching device for switching the two-input branch coupler, the length of the diagonal of the virtual quadrilateral is n times one-half of the wavelength, n is a positive integer, and each antenna The pattern covers 360 degrees in the horizontal plane, and the four antennas are turned on at the same time to transmit signals; and Four transmission lines, wherein the switching device is respectively connected to the four input terminals through the four transmission lines, the distance between the switching device and each of the four input terminals is the same, and the length of the four transmission lines is an equivalent length of one-half wavelength , and the phase between the switching device and each of the four input terminals is the same, and each end of the four transmission lines not connected to the switching device has a filling hole and a DC blocking capacitor; wherein: the switching means is four diodes; or The control circuit further includes: A feed-in signal input line, one end of which is connected to the switching device for feeding in a feed-in signal; A feeding signal input matching circuit, located on the feeding signal input line; A first high-frequency blocking circuit has two ends, one end of which is connected to the input matching circuit of the fed signal, and the other end is connected to a power supply; and Four second high-frequency blocking circuits, each of the four second high-frequency blocking circuits has two ends, one end of which is grounded, and the other end of each of the four second high-frequency blocking circuits is respectively connected by four high-impedance thin wires. One of them is connected to the four transmission lines, wherein the four high-impedance thin lines are each a quarter wavelength. 2. The smart antenna according to claim 1, further comprising: The two-output branch coupler is coupled with the two-input branch coupler to form a transmission line feeding network, each output-end branch coupler includes two output ends, and the two-output-end branch coupler includes four output ends in total, The four antennas are respectively located at the four output ends, wherein each input end branch coupler of the two-input end branch coupler includes two input ends. 3. The smart antenna of claim 2, wherein: The control circuit is connected to the transmission line and feeds into the network. 4. The smart antenna of claim 3, wherein the smart antenna has: an upper layer, the upper layer including the two-input branch coupler, the two-output branch coupler and the four antennas; a middle layer which is a ground plane; and/or The lower layer includes the control circuit. 5. The smart antenna of claim 1, wherein n is one. 6. A method of operating a phased array smart antenna, the smart antenna is used to transmit a radio wave, the radio wave has a wavelength, the smart antenna includes a control circuit, two input branch couplers, and four antennas, the control The circuit includes a switching device, the switching device is used to switch the two-input branch coupler, the four antennas form a virtual quadrilateral with each other, and the length of the diagonal of the virtual quadrilateral is n times one-half of the wavelength, n is a positive integer, and the field pattern of each antenna covers 360 degrees in the horizontal plane, wherein each input-end branch coupler has two input ends, and the two-input end branch coupler has four input ends in total, and the control circuit is used To turn on one of the four input terminals and close the remaining three input terminals, the switching device is four diodes, the three diodes used to control the remaining three input terminals in the switching device are not conducting to form an open circuit, the three The distances from the three diodes to the corresponding closed three input ends are n times of one-half wavelength to form an equivalent open circuit, and the method comprises the following steps: The four antennas are simultaneously turned on to transmit signals. 7. The operation method of the smart antenna as claimed in claim 6, wherein the smart antenna further comprises two output terminal branch couplers, each output terminal branch coupler has two output terminals, and the two output terminal branch couplers have a total of four output end, and the four antennas are respectively located at the four output ends to form the virtual quadrilateral, and the method further includes the following steps: Turn on one of the four input terminals and close the remaining three input terminals; inputting an input signal to the enabled input terminal; and Signals are output through the four output terminals. 8. A phase feed network comprising: Two input terminal branch couplers, each input terminal branch coupler includes two input terminals, and the two input terminal branch couplers include four input terminals in total; Two output branch couplers, coupled with the two input branch couplers to form a transmission line feeding network, each output branch coupler includes two output ends, and the two output branch couplers include four output ends; Four antennas are respectively located at the four output terminals; a control circuit for controlling the two-input branch coupler, wherein the control circuit includes a switching device for switching the two-input branch coupler; and Four transmission lines, wherein the switching device is respectively connected to the four input terminals through the four transmission lines, the distance between the switching device and each of the four input terminals is the same, and the distance between the switching device and each of the four input terminals The phases are the same, the ends of the four transmission lines that are not connected to the switching device have a filling hole and a DC blocking capacitor, wherein the control circuit is connected to the transmission line feeding into the network, the switching device is four diodes, and the control circuit is more include: A feed-in signal input line, one end of which is connected to the switching device for feeding in a feed-in signal; A feeding signal input matching circuit, located on the feeding signal input line; A first high-frequency blocking circuit has two ends, one end of which is connected to the input matching circuit of the fed signal, and the other end is connected to a power supply; and Four second high-frequency blocking circuits, each of the four second high-frequency blocking circuits has two ends, one end of which is grounded, and the other end of each of the four second high-frequency blocking circuits is respectively connected by four high-impedance thin wires. One of them is connected to the four transmission lines, wherein the four high-impedance thin lines are each a quarter wavelength. 9. A method for operating a phase feed network, wherein the phase feed network includes two input branch couplers and two output branch couplers, wherein each input branch coupler has two input terminals, and the two input terminal The branch coupler has four input ends in total, each output end branch coupler has two output ends, the two output end branch coupler has four output ends in total, and four antennas are respectively located at the four output ends to form a virtual quadrilateral, the phase The feeding network further includes a control circuit, the control circuit includes a switching device for switching the two-input branch coupler, the switching device is four diodes, and the control circuit is used for turning on one of the four input terminals input terminal and close the remaining three input terminals, the three diodes used to control the remaining three input terminals in the switching device are not conducted to form an open circuit, and the distance between the three diodes and the corresponding closed three input terminals is 1/2 n times the wavelength to form an equivalent open circuit, and the method further includes the following steps: Turn on one of the four input terminals and close the remaining three input terminals; inputting a signal to the enabled input terminal; and Signals are output through the four output terminals.

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