CN101380476A - Albumin-binding derivatives of therapeutic peptides - Google Patents

Abstract

Novel polypeptide derivatives with prolonged action properties. The present invention relates to a compound comprising a therapeutic polypeptide linked to an albumin binding residue via a hydrophilic spacer. The present invention also relates to a compound comprising a therapeutic polypeptide linked to an albumin-binding residue by a hydrophilic spacer that connects the polypeptide to the albumin-binding residue via a chemical moiety. The chemical moiety contains at least 5 non-hydrogen atoms, where 30-50% of these atoms are N or O, separated by groups. In one embodiment of the invention, the spacer is defined as -(CH ₂ ) _l D[(CH ₂ ) _n E] _m (CH ₂ ) _p Q _q -, wherein l, m and n are independently 1-20 , p is 0-10, Q is -Z-(CH ₂ ) _l D[(CH ₂ ) _n G] _m (CH ₂ ) _p -, q is an integer of 0-5, D, E and G are each independently selected from -O-, NR ³ -, -N(COR ⁴ )-, -PR ⁵ (O)- and -P(OR ⁶ )(O)-, wherein R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ and R ⁶ are independently Ground represents hydrogen or C _1-6 alkyl, Z is selected from -C(O)NH-, -C(O)NHCH ₂ -, -OC(O)NH-, -C(O)NHCH ₂ CH ₂ -, -C(O)CH ₂ -, -C(O)CH=CH-, -(CH ₂ ) _s -, -C(O)-, -C(O)O- or -NHC(O)-, where s is 0 or 1.

Description

Albumin-binding derivatives of therapeutic peptides

This application is a divisional application of Chinese Invention Patent Application No. 200480030018.0 filed on September 17, 2004 with the title of "Albumin-binding Derivatives of Therapeutic Peptides".

field of invention

The present invention relates to novel derivatives of glucagon-like polypeptide-1 (GLP-1) and fragments thereof, analogs of these fragments having protracted action properties, and methods of producing and using them. The present invention also relates to novel derivatives of exendin and uses thereof.

Background of the invention

Peptides are widely used in medical practice, and since they can be produced by recombinant DNA techniques, their importance is expected to increase in the coming years. When natural peptides or their analogs are used therapeutically, they are generally found to have higher clearance. In cases where it is desired to maintain high blood levels of a therapeutic agent for an extended period of time, high clearance is inconvenient because of the need for repeated administrations. Examples of peptides with high clearance are ACTH, corticotropin releasing factor, angiotensin, calcitonin, insulin, glucagon, glucagon-like polypeptide-1, glucagon-like polypeptide-2, Insulin-like growth factor-1, insulin-like growth factor-2, gastric inhibitory peptide, growth hormone releasing factor, peptides that activate pituitary adenylate cyclase, secretin, enterogastrin, ghrelin Inhibin, somatotropin, somatomodulin, parathyroid hormone, thrombopoietin, erythropoietin, hypothalamic releasing factors, prolactin, thyroid stimulating hormone, endorphins, enkephalins, Vasopressin, oxytocin, opioids and their analogs, superoxide dismutase, interferon, asparaginase, arginase, arginine deaminase, adenosine deaminase, and ribonucleic acid enzyme. In some cases it is possible to modify the release profile of the peptide by applying an appropriate pharmaceutical composition, but this approach has several disadvantages and is often not applicable.

The number of known endogenous peptides and proteins with biological activities of interest is rapidly increasing as a result of the ongoing exploration of the human genome. Due to their biological activity, many of these polypeptides could in principle be used as therapeutic agents. However, endogenous peptides are not always suitable drug candidates as these peptides often have a half-life of only a few minutes due to rapid degradation by peptidases and/or due to renal filtration and excretion into urine. The half-life of peptides in human plasma varies widely, from a few minutes to more than a week. Similarly, the half-life of small molecule drugs is highly variable. However, this high variability in the plasma half-life of peptides, proteins, or other compounds is not fully understood. Thus, there is a need to modify therapeutic compounds to provide a longer duration of action in vivo while maintaining low toxicity and therapeutic advantage.

Serum albumin has a half-life of more than one week, and one approach to increasing the plasma half-life of peptides is to derivatize the peptides with chemical entities that bind serum albumin.

Knudsen et al., J. Med. Chem. 43:1664-1669, 2000 showed that acylated GLP-1 peptides exhibit high receptor potency and a 10-fold increased plasma half-life in pigs.

Zobel et al., Bioorg.Med.Chem.Lett.13:1513-1515, 2003 show derivatization of the amino terminus by small phosphate-based molecules that bind serum albumin, anticoagulant peptides in rabbit plasma Half-life increased 10-50 times.

Summary of the invention

The present invention relates to compounds comprising a therapeutic polypeptide linked to an albumin binding residue by a hydrophilic spacer.

The present invention also relates to compounds comprising a therapeutic polypeptide linked to an albumin binding residue by a hydrophilic spacer that couples the polypeptide to an albumin binding residue with a chemical moiety comprising at least 5 non-hydrogen atoms. Albumin-binding residues apart, 30-50% of these non-hydrogen atoms are N or O.

In one embodiment of the invention, a spacer is defined as:

-(CH ₂ ) ₁ D[(CH ₂ ) _n E] _m (CH ₂ ) _p Q _q -,

in

l, m, and n are independently 1-20 and p is 0-10,

Q is -Z-( _CH2 ) _1D [( _CH2 ) _nG ] _m ( _CH2 ) _p- ,

q is an integer from 0-5,

D, E, and G are each independently selected from -O-, -NR ³ -, -N(COR ⁴ )-, -PR ⁵ (O)-, and -P(OR ⁶ )(O)-, wherein R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ , and R ⁶ independently represent hydrogen or C _1-6 alkyl,

Z is selected from -C(O)NH-, -C(O)NHCH ₂ -, -OC(O)NH-, -C(O)NHCH ₂ CH ₂ -, -C(O)CH ₂ -, -C (O)CH=CH-, -( _CH2 ) _s- , -C(O)-, -C(O)O-, or -NHC(O)-, wherein s is 0 or 1,

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof.

The present invention also relates to compounds having the general formula (I):

A-W-B-Y-therapeutic polypeptide (I),

in

A is an albumin binding residue,

B is a hydrophilic spacer -(CH ₂ ) ₁ D[(CH ₂ ) _n E] _m (CH ₂ ) _p Q _q -, where

1, m, and n are independently 1-20 and p is 0-10,

Q is -Z-( _CH2 ) _1D [( _CH2 ) _nG ] _m ( _CH2 ) _p- ,

q is an integer from 0-5,

D, E, and G are each independently selected from -O-, -NR ³ -, -N(COR ⁴ )-, -PR ⁵ (O)-, and -P(OR ⁶ )(O)-, wherein R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ , and R ⁶ independently represent hydrogen or C _1-6 alkyl,

Z is selected from -C(O)NH-, -C(O)NHCH ₂ -, -OC(O)NH-, -C(O)NHCH ₂ CH ₂ -, -C(O)CH ₂ -, -C (O)CH=CH-, -( _CH2 ) _s- , -C(O)-, -C(O)O-, or -NHC(O)-, wherein s is 0 or 1,

Y is a chemical group linking B to the therapeutic agent, and

W is the chemical group connecting A and B.

The present invention also relates to compounds having the general formula (II):

A-W-B-Y-therapeutic polypeptide-Y'-B'-W'-A' (II),

in

A and A' are albumin binding residues,

B and B' are hydrophilic spacers independently selected from -(CH ₂ ) ₁ D[(CH ₂ ) _n E] _m (CH ₂ ) _p -Q _q -, wherein

l, m, and n are independently 1-20 and p is 0-10,

Q is -Z-( _CH2 ) _1D [( _CH2 ) _nG ] _m ( _CH2 ) _p- ,

q is an integer from 0-5,

D, E, and G are each independently selected from -O-, -NR ³ -, -N(COR ⁴ )-, -PR ⁵ (O)-, and -P(OR ⁶ )(O)-, wherein R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ , and R ⁶ independently represent hydrogen or C _1-6 alkyl,

Z is selected from -C(O)NH-, -C(O)NHCH ₂ -, -OC(O)NH-, -C(O)NHCH ₂ CH ₂ -, -C(O)CH ₂ -, -C (O)CH=CH-, -( _CH2 ) _s- , -C(O)-, -C(O)O-, or -NHC(O)-, wherein s is 0 or 1,

Y is the chemical group linking B to the therapeutic agent and Y' is the chemical group linking B' to the therapeutic agent, and

W is the chemical group connecting A and B, and W' is the chemical group connecting A' and B'.

In another aspect, the present invention relates to compounds having the general formula (III):

in

A and A' are albumin binding residues,

B is a hydrophilic spacer selected from -(CH ₂ ) ₁ D[(CH ₂ ) _n E] _m (CH ₂ ) _p -Q _q -, wherein

l, m, and n are independently 1-20 and p is 0-10,

Q is -Z-( _CH2 ) _1D [( _CH2 ) _nG ] _m ( _CH2 ) _p- ,

q is an integer from 0-5,

D, E, and G are each independently selected from -O-, -NR ³ -, -N(COR ⁴ )-, -PR ⁵ (O)-, and -P(OR ⁶ )(O)-, wherein R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ , and R ⁶ independently represent hydrogen or C _1-6 alkyl,

Z is selected from -C(O)NH-, -C(O)NHCH ₂ -, -OC(O)NH-, -C(O)NHCH ₂ CH ₂ -, -C(O)CH ₂ -, -C (O)CH=CH-, -( _CH2 ) _s- , -C(O)-, -C(O)O-, or -NHC(O)-, wherein s is 0 or 1,

Y is a chemical group linking B to the therapeutic agent, and

W'' is the chemical group that connects B with A and A'.

In another aspect, the invention relates to compounds comprising a hydrophilic spacer between a therapeutic peptide and one or more albumin binding residues, said compounds having a prolonged profile of action relative to the therapeutic polypeptide, wherein said Both the albumin-binding and free portions of the compounds are capable of binding to receptors that mediate the action of the therapeutic polypeptide.

In one embodiment, the hydrophilic spacer is an unbranched oligoethylene glycol moiety having suitable functional groups at both ends to form a bridge between the amino group of the therapeutic polypeptide and the functional group of the albumin-binding residue. ).

In another aspect of the invention, the therapeutic polypeptide is a GLP-1 peptide.

definition

In this specification, the following terms have the indicated meanings:

The term "albumin binding residue" as used herein refers to a residue that non-covalently binds to human serum albumin. Albumin binding residues attached to a therapeutic polypeptide typically have an affinity for human serum albumin of less than about 10 μM, preferably less than about 1 μM. The range of known albumin-binding residues includes linear and branched lipophilic moieties containing 4-40 carbon atoms, compounds with a cyclopentanophenanthrene ring backbone, peptides with 10-30 amino acid residues wait.

The term "hydrophilic spacer" as used herein refers to a spacer that separates a peptide from an albumin binding residue with a chemical moiety comprising at least 5 non-hydrogen atoms, of which 30-50 % is N or O.

The term "therapeutic polypeptide" as used herein refers to a polypeptide that is being or has been developed for therapeutic use.

The terms "polypeptide" and "peptide" as used herein refer to a compound consisting of at least five amino acid components linked by peptide bonds. The amino acid composition can be derived from amino acids encoded by the genetic code, and they can be natural amino acids not encoded by the genetic code, as well as synthetic amino acids. Natural amino acids not encoded by the genetic code are, for example, hydroxyproline, gamma-carboxyglutamate, ornithine, phosphoserine, D-alanine, and D-glutamine. Synthetic amino acids include amino acids produced by chemical synthesis, i.e., D-isomers of amino acids encoded by the genetic code such as D-alanine and D-leucine, Aib (α-aminoisobutyric acid), Abu (α- GABA), Tle (tert-butylglycine), β-alanine, 3-aminomethylbenzoic acid, anthranilic acid.

The term "analogue" when used herein in reference to a polypeptide refers to a modified peptide in which one or more amino acids of the peptide have been replaced with other amino acid residues and/or in which one or more amino acid residues of the peptide have been deleted and/or or wherein one or more amino acid residues have been added to the peptide. The addition or deletion of these amino acid residues can occur at the N- and/or C-terminus of the peptide. A simple system is used to describe analogs: for example, [Arg ³⁴ ]GLP-1(7-37)Lys means that the naturally occurring lysine at position 34 has been replaced by an arginine and the C-terminal (position 38) GLP-1 analogue to which lysine has been added. The chemical formulas of peptide analogs and their derivatives are described using standard one-letter abbreviations for amino acids according to IUPAC-IUB nomenclature.

The term "derivative" when used herein in reference to a peptide refers to a chemically modified peptide or analog thereof wherein at least one substituent is absent in an unmodified peptide or analog thereof, i.e. a covalently modified peptide . Typical modifications are amides, carbohydrates, alkyls, acyls, esters, etc. An example of a GLP-1(7-37) derivative is ^Nε26- (γ-Glu( ^Nα -hexadecanoyl)))-[ ^Arg34 , ^Lys26 ])GLP-1(7-37).

The term "GLP-1 peptide" as used herein refers to GLP-1(7-37) (SEQ ID NO: 1), a GLP-1 analog, a GLP-1 derivative, or a derivative of a GLP-1 analog . In one embodiment, the GLP-1 peptide is an insulinotropic agent.

The term "insulinotropic agent" as used herein refers to a compound that is an agonist of the human GLP-1 receptor, ie, a compound that stimulates the formation of cAMP in a suitable medium containing the human GLP-1 receptor. Insulinotropic potency was determined by calculating _EC50 values from dose-response curves as described below.

Purified cell membranes from the stably transfected cell line BHK467-12A (tk-ts13) expressing the human GLP-1 receptor were stimulated with GLP-1 and peptide analogs and measured using the AlphaScreen ^TM cAMP Assay Kit (Perkin Elmer Life Sciences) Potency to generate cAMP.

Stably transfected cell lines were prepared at NN, and high-expressing clones were selected for screening. Cells were cultured in DMEM containing 5% FCS, 1% penicillin/streptomycin, and 0.5 mg/ml G418 at 5% _CO2 .

Approximately 80% confluent cells were washed twice with PBS and harvested with Versene, centrifuged at 1000 rpm for 5 minutes, and the supernatant removed. All other steps were performed on ice. Homogenize the cell pellet in 10ml buffer 1 (20mM Na-HEPES, 10mM EDTA, pH=7.4) with Ultrathurax for 20-30 seconds, centrifuge at 20,000rpm for 15 minutes, and resuspend the pellet in 10ml buffer 2 (20mM Na-HEPES - HEPES, 0.1 mM EDTA, pH=7.4). The suspension was homogenized for 20-30 seconds and centrifuged at 20,000 rpm for 15 minutes. The suspension in Buffer 2, homogenization, and centrifugation were repeated once, and the membrane was resuspended in Buffer 2, at which point it was ready for further analysis or stored at -80°C.

Functional receptor assays are performed by measuring peptide-induced cAMP production using AlphaScreen technology. The basic principle of AlphaScreen technology is the competition between endogenous cAMP and exogenously added biotin-cAMP. Capture of cAMP is accomplished using specific antibodies conjugated to acceptor beads. Formed cAMP was counted and measured on an AlphaFusion microplate analyzer. _EC50 values were calculated using Graph-Pad Prisme software.

The term "GLP-2 peptide" as used herein refers to GLP-2(1-33), a GLP-2 analog, a GLP-2 derivative, or a derivative of a GLP-2 analog.

The term "exendin-4 peptide" as used herein refers to exendin-4(1-39), an exendin-4 analog, an exendin-4 derivative, or a derivative of an exendin-4 analog. In one embodiment, the exendin-4 peptide is an insulinotropic agent.

The terms "stabilized exendin-4 peptide" and "stabilized GLP-1 peptide" as used herein refer to chemically modified peptides derived from exendin-4(1-39) or GLP-1(7-37), That is, an analogue or derivative that exhibits an in vivo plasma elimination half-life in humans of at least 10 hours, as determined by the following method. The method used to determine the plasma clearance half-life of exendin-4 peptide or GLP-1 peptide in humans is to dissolve the peptide in PBS or any other suitable buffer, isotonic buffer pH 7.4. The agent is injected peripherally, preferably into the abdomen or upper thigh. At frequent intervals and on a time course sufficient to cover the final washout portion (e.g., predose, postdose 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 24 (Day 2), 36 (Day 2 day), 48 (day 3), 60 (day 3), 72 (day 4), and 84 (day 4) hours) for the determination of active peptides. Active peptide concentrations were determined as described in Wilken et al., Diabetologia 43(51):A143, 2000. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated from concentration-time data for each subject by non-compartmentalization method using commercial software version 2.1 WinNonlin (Pharsight, Cary, NC, USA). The final clearance rate constant was estimated by log-linear regression of the final log-linear portion of the concentration-time curve and used to calculate the elimination half-life.

The term "DPP-IV protected" when used herein in reference to a polypeptide refers to a polypeptide that has been chemically modified in order to render the compound resistant to the plasma peptidase dipeptidyl aminopeptidase-4 (DPP-IV). DPP-IV enzymes in plasma are known to be involved in the degradation of several peptide hormones, such as GLP-1, GLP-2, Exendin-4, and others. Thus, in order to reduce the degradation rate of DPP-IV, great efforts are being made to develop analogs and derivatives of polypeptides that are susceptible to DPP-IV-mediated hydrolysis.

The resistance of the peptides to degradation by dipeptidyl aminopeptidase IV was determined by a degradation assay by mixing several parts of the peptide with one part of purified dipeptidyl aminopeptidase IV in a suitable buffer at pH 7-8 (the buffer was not albumin) at 37°C for 4-22 hours. The enzymatic reaction is terminated by addition of trifluoroacetic acid, and peptide degradation products are separated and quantified by HPLC or LC-MS analysis. One method used to perform this analysis is to apply the mixture to a Zorbax 300SB-C18 (30 nm pore size, 5 μm particles) 150 x 2.1 mm column and run it with a linear gradient of acetonitrile in 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid (0% - 100% acetonitrile, 30 min) for elution at a flow rate of 0.5 ml/min. Peptides and their degradation products can be monitored by their absorbance at 214 nm (peptide bonds) or 280 nm (aromatic amino acids) and quantified by integrating their peak areas. Degradation patterns can be determined using LC-MS, where the MS spectrum of each peak can be determined. The DPPIV stability of the peptides was assessed based on the percentage of intact/degraded compounds at the indicated times.

A peptide was defined as stable to DPPIV when it was 10-fold more stable than the native peptide, based on the percentage of intact compound at a given time. Thus, DPPIV-stabilized GLP-1 compounds are at least 10-fold more stable than GLP-1(7-37).

The term "C _1-6 alkyl" as used herein refers to a saturated, branched, straight chain, or cyclic chain hydrocarbon group having 1-6 carbon atoms. Representative examples include, but are not limited to: methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl, tert- Pentyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl, cyclohexane, etc.

Detailed description of the invention

The present invention relates to compounds comprising a therapeutic polypeptide linked to an albumin binding residue by a hydrophilic spacer.

The present invention also relates to compounds comprising a therapeutic polypeptide linked to an albumin binding residue by a hydrophilic spacer that couples the polypeptide to an albumin binding residue with a chemical moiety comprising at least 5 non-hydrogen atoms. Albumin-binding residues apart, 30-50% of these non-hydrogen atoms are N or O.

In one embodiment of the invention, a spacer is defined as:

-(CH ₂ ) ₁ D[(CH ₂ ) _n E] _m (CH ₂ ) _p Q _q -,

in

l, m, and n are independently 1-20 and p is 0-10,

Q is -Z-( _CH2 ) _1D [( _CH2 ) _nG ] _m ( _CH2 ) _p- ,

q is an integer from 0-5,

D, E, and G are each independently selected from -O-, -NR ³ -, -N(COR ⁴ )-, -PR ⁵ (O)-, and -P(OR ⁶ )(O)-, wherein R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ , and R ⁶ independently represent hydrogen or C _1-6 alkyl,

Z is selected from -C(O)NH-, -C(O)NHCH ₂ -, -OC(O)NH-, -C(O)NHCH ₂ CH ₂ -, -C(O)CH ₂ -, -C (O)CH=CH-, -( _CH2 ) _s- , -C(O)-, -C(O)O-, or -NHC(O)-, wherein s is 0 or 1,

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof.

The present invention also relates to compounds having the general formula (I):

A-W-B-Y-therapeutic polypeptide (I),

in

A is an albumin binding residue,

B is a hydrophilic spacer -(CH ₂ ) ₁ D[(CH ₂ ) _n E] _m (CH ₂ ) _p Q _q -, where

l, m, and n are independently 1-20 and p is 0-10,

Q is -Z-( _CH2 ) _1D [( _CH2 ) _nG ] _m ( _CH2 ) _p- ,

q is an integer from 0-5,

D, E, and G are each independently selected from -O-, -NR ³ -, -N(COR ⁴ )-, -PR ⁵ (O)-, and -P(OR ⁶ )(O)-, wherein R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ , and R ⁶ independently represent hydrogen or C _1-6 alkyl,

Z is selected from -C(O)NH-, -C(O)NHCH ₂ -, -OC(O)NH-, -C(O)NHCH ₂ CH ₂ -, -C(O)CH ₂ -, -C (O)CH=CH-, -( _CH2 ) _s- , -C(O)-, -C(O)O-, or -NHC(O)-, wherein s is 0 or 1,

Y is a chemical group linking B to the therapeutic agent, and

W is the chemical group connecting A and B.

The present invention also relates to compounds having the general formula (II):

A-W-B-Y-therapeutic polypeptide-Y'-B'-W'-A' (II),

in

A and A' are albumin binding residues,

B and B' are hydrophilic spacers independently selected from -(CH ₂ ) ₁ D[(CH ₂ ) _n E] _m (CH ₂ ) _p -Q _q -, wherein

l, m, and n are independently 1-20 and p is 0-10,

Q is -Z-( _CH2 ) _1D [( _CH2 ) _nG ] _m ( _CH2 ) _p- ,

q is an integer from 0-5,

D, E, and G are each independently selected from -O-, -NR ³ -, -N(COR ⁴ )-, -PR ⁵ (O)-, and -P(OR ⁶ )(O)-, wherein R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ , and R ⁶ independently represent hydrogen or C _1-6 alkyl,

Z is selected from -C(O)NH-, -C(O)NHCH ₂ -, -OC(O)NH-, -C(O)NHCH ₂ CH ₂ -, -C(O)CH ₂ -, -C (O)CH=CH-, -( _CH2 ) _s- , -C(O)-, -C(O)O-, or -NHC(O)-, wherein s is 0 or 1,

Y is the chemical group linking B to the therapeutic agent and Y' is the chemical group linking B' to the therapeutic agent, and

W is the chemical group connecting A and B, and W' is the chemical group connecting A' and B'.

In one embodiment of the present invention, Y' is selected from the group consisting of -C(O)NH-, -NHC(O)-, -C(O) _NHCH2- , _-CH2NHC (O)-, - OC(O)NH-, -NHC(O)O-, -C(O)NHCH ₂ -, CH ₂ NHC(O)-, -C(O)CH ₂ -, -CH ₂ C(O)-, -C(O)CH=CH-, -CH=CHC(O)-, -(CH ₂ ) _s -, -C(O)-, -C(O)O-, -OC(O)-, - NHC(O)-, and -C(O)NH-, wherein s is 0 or 1.

In another embodiment of the present invention, W' is selected from the group consisting of -C(O)NH-, -NHC(O)-, -C(O) _NHCH2- , _-CH2NHC (O)-, -OC(O)NH-, -NHC(O)O-, -C(O)CH ₂ -, -CH ₂ C(O)-, -C(O)CH=CH-, -CH=CHC(O )-, -(CH ₂ ) _s -, -C(O)-, -C(O)O-, -OC(O)-, -NHC(O)-, and -C(O)NH-, where s is 0 or 1.

In another aspect, the present invention relates to compounds having the general formula (III):

in

A and A' are albumin binding residues,

B is a hydrophilic spacer selected from -(CH ₂ ) ₁ D[(CH ₂ ) _n E] _m (CH ₂ ) _p -Q _q -, wherein

l, m, and n are independently 1-20 and p is 0-10,

Q is -Z-( _CH2 ) _1D [( _CH2 ) _nG ] _m ( _CH2 ) _p- ,

q is an integer from 0-5,

D, E, and G are each independently selected from -O-, -NR ³ -, -N(COR ⁴ )-, -PR ⁵ (O)-, and -P(OR ⁶ )(O)-, wherein R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ , and R ⁶ independently represent hydrogen or C _1-6 alkyl,

Z is selected from -C(O)NH-, -C(O)NHCH ₂ -, -OC(O)NH-, -C(O)NHCH ₂ CH ₂ -, -C(O)CH ₂ -, -C (O)CH=CH-, -( _CH2 ) _s- , -C(O)-, -C(O)O-, or -NHC(O)-, wherein s is 0 or 1,

Y is a chemical group linking B to the therapeutic agent, and

W'' is the chemical group that connects B with A and A'.

In another aspect, the invention relates to compounds comprising a hydrophilic spacer between a therapeutic peptide and one or more albumin binding residues, said compounds having a prolonged profile of action relative to the therapeutic polypeptide, wherein said Both the albumin-binding and free portions of the compounds are capable of binding to receptors that mediate the action of the therapeutic polypeptide.

In one embodiment, the hydrophilic spacer is an unbranched oligoethylene glycol moiety having suitable functional groups at both ends to form a bridge between the amino group of the therapeutic polypeptide and the functional group of the albumin-binding residue. ).

In one embodiment, Y is selected from the group consisting of -C(O)NH-, -NHC(O)-, -C(O) _NHCH2- , _-CH2NHC (O)-, -OC(O) NH-, -NHC(O)O-, -C(O)NHCH ₂ -, CH ₂ NHC(O)-, -C(O)CH ₂ -, -CH ₂ C(O)-, -C(O )CH=CH-, -CH=CHC(O)-, -(CH ₂ ) _s -, -C(O)-, -C(O)O-, -OC(O)-, -NHC(O) -, and -C(O)NH-, wherein s is 0 or 1.

In another embodiment, W is selected from the group consisting of -C(O)NH-, -NHC(O)-, -C(O) _NHCH2- , _-CH2NHC (O)-, -OC(O )NH-, -NHC(O)O-, -C(O)CH ₂ -, -CH ₂ C(O)-, -C(O)CH=CH-, -CH=CHC(O)-, - (CH ₂ ) _s -, -C(O)-, -C(O)O-, -OC(O)-, -NHC(O)-, and -C(O)NH-, wherein s is 0 or 1.

In another embodiment, W'' is selected from the group consisting of:

where s is 0, 1, or 2.

In another embodiment, 1 is 1 or 2, n and m are independently 1-10, and p is 0-10.

In another embodiment, D is -O-.

In another embodiment of this invention E is -O-.

In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the hydrophilic spacer is -CH ₂ O[(CH ₂ ) ₂ O] _m (CH ₂ ) _p Q _q -, wherein m is 1-10, p is 1- 3, and Q is -Z- _CH2O [( _CH2 ) _2O ] _m ( _CH2 ) _p- .

In another embodiment, q is 1.

In another embodiment, G is -O-.

In yet another embodiment of the present invention, Z is selected from the group consisting of -C(O)NH-, -C(O) _NHCH2- , and -OC(O)NH-.

In yet another embodiment, q is zero.

In another embodiment, 1 is 2.

In another embodiment, n is 2.

In yet another embodiment, the hydrophilic spacer B is -[CH ₂ CH ₂ O] _m+1 (CH ₂ ) _p Q _q -.

In yet another embodiment, the hydrophilic spacer B is -(CH ₂ ) ₁ -O-[(CH ₂ ) _n -O] _m -(CH ₂ ) _p -[C(O)NH-(CH ₂ ) ₁ -O-[(CH ₂ ) _n -O] _m -(CH ₂ ) _p ] _q -, wherein 1, m, n, and p are independently 1-5, and q is 0-5.

In yet another embodiment, -W-B-Y- is selected from the group consisting of:

In yet another embodiment, >W''-B-Y- is

In yet another embodiment, albumin binding residue A is selected from the group consisting of:

where the chiral carbon atom is either R or S,

where the chiral carbon atom is either R or S,

where the chiral carbon atom is either R or S,

where the two chiral carbon atoms are independently either R or S,

where the two chiral carbon atoms are independently either R or S,

Two of the chiral carbon atoms are independently either L or D,

where the chiral carbon atom is either R or S,

where the chiral carbon atom is either R or S,

where the two chiral carbon atoms are independently either R or S,

where the two chiral carbon atoms are independently either R or S,

和

and

In yet another embodiment, the molar amount of the hydrophilic spacer is in the range of 80-1000D, or in the range of 80-300D.

In another embodiment of the invention the albumin binding residue is a lipophilic residue.

In another embodiment, the albumin binding residue is negatively charged at physiological pH. In another embodiment, the albumin binding residue comprises a group that can be negatively charged. One preferred group that can be negatively charged is a carboxylic acid group.

In another embodiment of the invention, the albumin binding residue is non-covalently bound to albumin. In another embodiment, the albumin binding residue has an affinity for human serum albumin of less than about 10 μM or less than about 1 μM.

In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the albumin-binding residue is selected from the group consisting of linear alkyl groups, branched alkyl groups, groups with ω-carboxylic acid groups, partially or fully hydrogenated cyclopentanaphenanthrene rings skeleton.

In another embodiment, the albumin binding residue is a cibacronyl residue.

In another embodiment, the albumin binding residue has 6-40 carbon atoms, 8-26 carbon atoms, or 8-20 carbon atoms.

In another embodiment, the albumin binding residue is an acyl group selected from the group consisting of _CH3 ( _CH2 ) _rCO- , wherein r is an integer of 4-38, preferably an integer of 4-24, more preferably selected from Lower group: CH ₃ (CH ₂ ) ₆ CO-, CH ₃ (CH ₂ ) ₈ CO-, CH ₃ (CH ₂ ) ₁₀ CO-, CH ₃ (CH ₂ ) ₁₂ CO-, CH ₃ (CH ₂ ) ₁₄ CO—, CH ₃ (CH ₂ ) ₁₆ CO—, CH ₃ (CH ₂ ) ₁₈ CO—, CH ₃ (CH ₂ ) ₂₀ CO—, and CH ₃ (CH ₂ ) ₂₂ CO—.

In another embodiment, the albumin binding residue is the acyl group of a linear or branched alkane α,ω-dicarboxylic acid.

In another embodiment, the albumin binding residue is an acyl group selected from the group consisting of HOOC(CH ₂ ) _s CO-, wherein s is an integer of 4-38, preferably an integer of 4-24, more preferably selected from Groups: HOOC(CH ₂ ) ₁₄ CO-, HOOC(CH ₂ ) ₁₆ CO-, HOOC(CH ₂ ) ₁₈ CO-, HOOC(CH ₂ ) ₂₀ CO-, and HOOC(CH ₂ ) ₂₂ CO-.

In another embodiment, the albumin binding residue is a group of the general formula _CH3 ( _CH2 ) _vCO -NHCH(COOH)( _CH2 ) _2CO- , wherein v is an integer from 10-24.

In another embodiment, the albumin binding residue is a group of the general formula _CH3 ( _CH2 )wCO-NHCH(( _CH2 ) _2COOH )CO-, wherein w is an integer from 8-24.

In another embodiment, the albumin binding residue is a group of the general formula COOH( _CH2 ) _xCO- , wherein x is an integer from 8-24.

In another embodiment, the albumin binding residue is a group of the general formula -NHCH(COOH)( _CH2 ) _4NH -CO( _CH2 ) _yCH3 , wherein y is _an integer from 8-18.

In another embodiment of the invention the albumin binding residue is a peptide, such as a peptide comprising less than 40 amino acid residues. Many small peptides as albumin binding residues and methods for their identification are found in J. Biol. Chem.

In another embodiment of the invention, the albumin binding residue is attached to the ε-amino group of the lysine residue in the therapeutic polypeptide via a spacer and a linker.

In another embodiment, albumin binding residues are attached to cysteine, glutamic acid, or aspartic acid in the therapeutic polypeptide via spacers and linkers.

In one embodiment of the invention, the therapeutic polypeptide is a GLP-1 peptide.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the therapeutic polypeptide is a GLP-1 peptide comprising the amino acid sequence of general formula (IV):

Xaa ₇ -Xaa ₈ -Glu-Gly-Thr-Phe-Thr-Ser-Asp-Xaa ₁₆ -Ser-Xaa ₁₈ -Xaa ₁₉ -Xaa ₂₀ -Glu-Xaa ₂₂ -Xaa ₂₃ -Ala-Xaa ₂₅ -Xaa ₂₆ - Xaa ₂₇ -Phe-Ile-Xaa ₃₀ -Trp-Leu-Xaa ₃₃ -Xaa ₃₄ -Xaa ₃ 5-Xaa ₃₆ -Xaa ₃₇ -Xaa ₃₈ -Xaa ₃₉ -Xaa ₄₀ -Xaa ₄₁ -Xaa ₄₂ -Xaa ₄₃ -Xaa ₄₄ -Xaa ₄₅ -Xaa ₄₆

General formula (IV) (SEQ ID NO: 2)

in

Xaa ₇ is L-histidine, D-histidine, deaminohistidine, 2-amino-histidine, β-hydroxy-histidine, homohistidine, N ^α -acetyl - histidine, α-fluoromethyl-histidine, α-methyl-histidine, 3-pyridylalanine, 2-pyridylalanine, or 4-pyridylalanine;

Xaa ₈ is alanine, glycine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, lysine, Aib, (1-aminocyclopropyl)carboxylic acid, (1-aminocyclobutyl)carboxylic acid, (1-aminocyclopentyl)carboxylic acid, (1-aminocyclohexyl)carboxylic acid, (1-aminocycloheptyl)carboxylic acid, or (1-aminocyclooctyl)carboxylic acid;

Xaa ₁₆ is Val or Leu;

Xaa ₁₈ is Ser, Lys, or Arg;

Xaa ₁₉ is Tyr or Gln;

Xaa ₂₀ is Leu or Met;

Xaa ₂₂ is Gly, Glu, or Aib;

Xaa ₂₃ is Gln, Glu, Lys, or Arg;

Xaa ₂₅ is Ala or Val;

Xaa ₂₆ is Lys, Glu, or Arg;

Xaa ₂₇ is Glu or Leu;

Xaa ₃₀ is Ala, Glu, or Arg;

Xaa ₃₃ is Val or Lys;

Xaa ₃₄ is Lys, Glu, Asn, or Arg;

Xaa ₃₅ is Gly or Aib;

Xaa ₃₆ is Arg, Gly, or Lys;

Xaa ₃₇ is Gly, Ala, Glu, Pro, Lys, amide or absent;

Xaa ₃₈ is Lys, Ser, amide or absent;

Xaa ₃₉ is Ser, Lys, amide or absent;

Xaa ₄₀ is Gly, amide or absent;

Xaa ₄₁ is Ala, amide or absent;

Xaa ₄₂ is Pro, amide or absent;

Xaa ₄₃ is Pro, amide or absent;

Xaa ₄₄ is Pro, amide or absent;

Xaa ₄₅ is Ser, amide or absent;

Xaa ₄₆ is an amide or is absent;

If Xaa ₃₈ , Xaa ₃₉ , Xaa ₄₀ , Xaa ₄₁ , Xaa ₄₂ , Xaa _{43 , Xaa 44 ,} Xaa ₄₅ , or Xaa ₄₆ are absent, then every amino acid residue downstream is also absent.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the polypeptide is a GLP-1 peptide comprising the amino acid sequence of general formula (V):

Xaa ₇ -Xaa ₈ -Glu-Gly-Thr-Phe-Thr-Ser-Asp-Val-Ser-Xaa ₁₈ -Tyr-Leu-G1u-Xaa ₂₂ -Xaa ₂₃ -Ala-Ala-Xaa ₂₆ -Glu-Phe- Ile-Xaa ₃₀ -Trp-Leu-Val-Xaa ₃₄ -Xaa ₃₅ -Xaa ₃₆ -Xaa ₃₇ -Xaa ₃₈

General formula (V) (SEQ ID NO: 3)

in

Xaa ₇ is L-histidine, D-histidine, deaminohistidine, 2-amino-histidine, β-hydroxy-histidine, homohistidine, N ^α -acetyl-histidine acid, α-fluoromethyl-histidine, α-methyl-histidine, 3-pyridylalanine, 2-pyridylalanine, or 4-pyridylalanine;

Xaa ₈ is alanine, glycine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, lysine, Aib, (1-aminocyclopropyl)carboxylic acid, (1-aminocyclobutyl)carboxylic acid, (1-aminocyclopentyl)carboxylic acid, (1-aminocyclohexyl)carboxylic acid, (1-aminocycloheptyl)carboxylic acid, or (1-aminocyclooctyl)carboxylic acid;

Xaa ₁₈ is Ser, Lys, or Arg;

Xaa ₂₂ is Gly, Glu, or Aib;

Xaa ₂₃ is Gln, Glu, Lys, or Arg;

Xaa ₂₆ is Lys, Glu, or Arg;

Xaa ₃₀ is Ala, Glu, or Arg;

Xaa ₃₄ is Lys, Glu, or Arg;

Xaa ₃₅ is Gly or Aib;

Xaa ₃₆ is Arg or Lys;

Xaa ₃₇ is Gly, Ala, Glu, or Lys;

Xaa ₃₈ is Lys, amide or absent.

In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the GLP-1 peptide is selected from: GLP-1(7-35), GLP-1(7-36), GLP-1(7-36)-amide, GLP-1 (7-37), GLP-1(7-38), GLP-1(7-39), GLP-1(7-40), GLP-1(7-41) or an analog thereof.

In another embodiment, the GLP-1 peptide is a fragment of a peptide selected from the group consisting of GLP-1(7-35), GLP-1(7-36), GLP-1(7-36)amide, GLP-1(7-36) -1(7-37), GLP-1(7-38), GLP-1(7-39), GLP-1(7-40), and GLP-1(7-41) or analogs thereof.

In another embodiment of the invention, the GLP-1 peptide is comprised of an albumin binding residue attached to the C-terminal amino acid residue via a hydrophilic spacer and optionally attached to one other amino acid residue. GLP-1(A-B) or an analog thereof of the second albumin binding residue, wherein A is an integer of 1-7 and B is an integer of 38-45.

In another embodiment, the GLP-1 peptide comprises no more than 15 substitutions, additions, or deletions of amino acid residues compared to GLP-1(7-37) (SEQ ID NO: 1), or the GLP-1 peptide contains no more than 15 amino acid residues. 1(7-37) (SEQ ID NO: 1) contains no more than 10 amino acid residues that have been substituted, added, or deleted.

In another embodiment, the GLP-1 peptide comprises no more than 6 amino acid residues substituted, added, or deleted compared to GLP-1(7-37) (SEQ ID NO: 1).

In another embodiment, the GLP-1 comprises no more than 4 amino acid residues not encoded by the genetic code.

In another embodiment, the GLP-1 peptide is a DPPIV protected GLP-1 peptide.

In another embodiment, the compounds according to the invention are DPPIV stabilized.

In another embodiment, the GLP-1 peptide comprises an Aib residue at position 8.

In another embodiment, the amino acid residue at position 7 of the GLP-1 peptide is selected from the group consisting of D-histidine, deaminohistidine, 2-amino-histidine, β-hydroxyl-histidine acid, homohistidine, N ^α -acetyl-histidine, α-fluoromethyl-histidine, α-methyl-histidine, 3-pyridylalanine, 2-pyridylalanine acid, and 4-pyridylalanine.

In another embodiment, the GLP-1 peptide is selected from the group consisting of Arg ³⁴ GLP-1 (7-37), Lys ³⁸ Arg ^26,34 GLP-1 (7-38), Lys ³⁸ Arg ^26,34 GLP- 1(7-38)-OH, Lys ³⁶ Arg ^{26, 34} GLP-1(7-36), Aib ⁸ , 22, 35 GLP-1(7-37), Aib ^{8, 35} GLP-1(7-37 ), Aib ^{8, 22} GLP-1 (7-37), Aib ^{8, 22} , 35 Arg ²⁶ , 34 Lys ³⁸ GLP-1 (7-38), Aib 8, 35 Arg ^{26 , 34} Lys ³⁸ GLP-1 ( 7-38), Aib ^{8, 22} Arg 26 ^{, 34} Lys ³⁸ GLP-1 (7-38), Aib ⁸ , 22, ³⁵ Arg 26, 34 Lys ³⁸ GLP-1 (7-38), Aib ^{8, 35} Arg ^{26, 34} Lys ³⁸ GLP-1 (7-38), Aib ^{8, 22, 35 Arg 26} Lys ³⁸ GLP-1 (7-38), Aib ^8, 35 Arg ²⁶ Lys ³⁸ GLP-1 (7-38), Aib ^8, 22 Arg ²⁶ Lys ³⁸ GLP-1 (7-38), Aib ^{8, 22,} 35 Arg ³⁴ Lys ³⁸ GLP-1 (7-38), Aib ^8, 35 Arg ³⁴ Lys ³⁸ GLP-1 (7- 38), Aib ^{8, 22} Arg ³⁴ Lys ³⁸ GLP-1 (7-38), Aib ^{8, 22 , 35} Ala 37 Lys ³⁸ GLP-1 (7-38), Aib ^{8, 35 Ala 37} Lys ³⁸ GLP-1 (7-38), Aib ^{8, 22} Ala ³⁷ Lys ³⁸ GLP-1 (7-38), Aib ^{8, 22, 35} Lys ³⁷ GLP-1 (7-37), Aib 8, ³⁵ Lys ³⁷ GLP-1 ( 7-37), and Aib ^{8, 22} Lys ³⁷ GLP-1 (7-38).

In another embodiment, the GLP-1 peptide is attached to the hydrophilic spacer via an amino acid residue corresponding to position 23, 26, 34, 36, or 38 of the amino acid sequence SEQ ID NO: 1.

In another embodiment, the GLP-1 peptide is exendin-4 (SEQ ID NO: 4).

In another embodiment, the GLP-1 peptide is ZP-10, HGEGTFTSDLSKQMEEEAVRLFIEWLKNGGPSSGAPPSKKKKKK-amide (SEQ ID NO: 5).

In another embodiment, the GLP-1 peptide is HGEGTFTSDLSKQMEEEAVRLFIEWLKNGGX or a fragment or analog thereof, wherein X=P or Y.

In another embodiment of the invention, the GLP-1 peptide is Arg ¹⁸ , Leu ²⁰ , Gln ³⁴ , Lys ³³ (Nε-(γ-aminobutyryl (N ^α -hexadecanoyl))) Exendin-4(7 -45)-amide or Arg ³³ , Leu ²⁰ , Gln ³⁴ , Lys ¹⁸ (Nε-(γ-aminobutyryl(Nα-hexadecanoyl))) Exendin-4(7-45)-amide.

In another embodiment of the invention, an albumin binding residue is attached to the C-terminal amino acid residue of the GLP-1 peptide via a hydrophilic spacer.

In another embodiment of the invention, the second albumin binding residue is attached to an amino acid residue other than the C-terminal amino acid residue in the GLP-1 peptide.

In another embodiment, the lipophilic substituent is attached to the GLP-1 peptide via a hydrophilic spacer in such a way that the carboxyl group of the spacer forms an amide bond with the amino group of the GLP-1 peptide.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the compound is selected from the group consisting of:

N ^ε37 -(2-(2-(2-(Dodecylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy) ^acetyl )-[ ^{Aib8,22,35Lys37} ]GLP-1(7-37)amide

N ^ε37- (2-(2-(2-(17-sulfohexadecanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)-[ ^Aib8,22,35 , ^Lys37 ]GLP-1(7 -37) Amide

N ^ε37 -{2-[2-(2-(15-Carboxypentadecanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy]acetyl}-[ ^Aib8,22,35 , ^Lys37 ]GLP-1(7- 37) Amide

N ^ε37- (2-(2-(2-(17-carboxyheptadecanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)[Aib ^8,22,35 ,Lys ³⁷ ]GLP-1(7-37 ) amide

N ^ε37- (2-(2-(2-(19-carboxynonadecanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)[Aib ^8,22,35 ,Lys ³⁷ ]GLP-1(7-37 ) amide

[Aib ^8,22,35 , Arg ^26,34 ]GLP-1(7-37)Lys(4-(hexadecanoylamino)-4(S)-carboxybutyryl)-OH

[Aib ^8,22,35 , Arg ^26,34 ]GLP-1(7-37)Lys(2-(2-(2-(Hexadecanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)-OH

N ^ε37 -(2-[2-(2,6-(S)-di-{2-[2-(2-(dodecanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy]acetylamino}hexanoylamino )ethoxy]ethoxy})acetyl-[Aib ^8,22,35 ]GLP-1(7-37)amide

N ^ε37 -(2-[2-(2,6-(S)-di-{2-[2-(2-(tetradecylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy]acetylamino}hexanoylamino )ethoxy]ethoxy})acetyl-[Aib ^8,22,35 ]GLP-1(7-37)amide

[Aib ^8,22,35 , Arg ^26,34 ]GLP-1(7-37)Lys(2-(2-(2-(4-(hexadecanoylamino)-4(S)-carboxybutyrylamino )ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)-OH

[Aib ^8,22,35 ]GLP-1(7-37)Lys((2-{2-[4-[4-(4-amino-9,10-dioxo-3-sulfo-9,10 -Dihydro-anthracene-1-ylamino)-2-sulfo-phenylamino]-6-(2-sulfo-phenylamino)-[1,3,5]triazin-2-ylamino] -ethoxy}-ethoxy)-acetyl))amide

[Aib ^8,22,35 ]GLP-1(7-37)Lys(({2-[2-(2-{2-[2-(2-{2-[2-(15-carboxypentadecanoyl Amino)-ethoxy]ethoxy}acetylamino)ethoxy]ethoxy}acetylamino)ethoxy]ethoxy}acetyl))amide

N ^ε37 -([2-(2-{3-[2,5-dioxo-3-(15-carboxypentadecylsulfanyl)-pyrrolidin-1-yl]-propionylamino}ethoxy )ethoxy)acetyl]-[D-Ala ⁸ , Lys ³⁷ ]-GLP-1(7-37)amide

[Aib ^8,22,35 Ala ³⁷ ]-GLP-1(7-37)Lys((2-(2-(2-(11-(oxalylamino)undecanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy )acetyl-)))amide

[Aib ^8,22,35 , Ala ³⁷ ]-GLP-1(7-37)Lys({2-[2-(2-{2-[2-(2-(15-carboxy-pentadecanoylamino) -ethoxy]ethoxy}acetylamino)ethoxy]ethoxy}acetyl]amide

[Aib ^8,22,35 , Ala ³⁷ ]-GLP-1(7-37)Lys((2-{2-[11-(5-dimethylaminonaphthalene-1-sulfonylamino)undecanoylamino ]ethoxy}ethoxy)acetyl)amide

[Aib ^8,22,35 , Ala ³⁷ ]-GLP-1(7-37)Lys(([2-(2-{2-[1-(4-chlorobenzoyl)-5-methoxy- 2-Methyl-1H-indol-3-yl]acetylamino}ethoxy)ethoxy]acetyl))amide

[Aib ⁸ , Arg ^26,34 , Glu ^22,23,30 ]-GLP-1H(7-37)Lys(2-(2-(2-(octadecanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl base) amides

[Aib ⁸ , Arg ^26,34 , Glu ^22,23,30 ]-GLP-1(7-37)Lys(2-(2-(2-(eicosylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl base) amides

[Gly ⁸ , Arg ^26,34 ]-GLP-1H-(7-37)Lys(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(4-(octadecanoylamino)-4( S)-carboxybutyrylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)-OH

[Aib ⁸ , Arg ^{26, 34} ]GLP-1(7-37)Lys{2-(2-(2-(2-[2-(2-(octadecanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy] Acetyl)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)}-OH

[Aib ⁸ ]-GLP-1(7-37)Lys(2-(2-(2-(4-(hexadecanoylamino)-4(S)-carboxybutyrylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy ) Acetyl) -OH

[Aib ⁸ , Arg ^26,34 ]GLP-1(7-37)Lys{2-(2-(2-(2-[2-(2-(4-(octadecanoylamino)-4-carboxybutyl Acylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy]acetyl)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)}-OH

[Aib ⁸ , Arg ^{26, 34} ]GLP-1(7-37)Lys{2-(2-(2-(2-[2-(2-(17-carboxyheptanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy Base] acetylamino) ethoxy) ethoxy) acetyl) }-OH

[Gly ⁸ , Arg ^{26, 34} ]GLP-1(7-37)Lys{2-(2-(2-(2-[2-(2-(17-carboxyheptadecanoylamino)ethoxy)ethyl Oxy]acetyl)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)}-OH

[Aib ⁸ ]GLP-1(7-37)Lys(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(4-(hexadecanoylamino)-4(S)-carboxybutyrylamino) )ethoxy)ethoxy)acetylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)-OH

N ^ε37 -(2-(2-(2-(Dodecanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)-[Aib ^8,22,35 Lys ³⁷ ]GLP-1H(7-37)-amide

N ^ε37- (2-(2-(2-(tetradecylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)-[Aib ^8,22,35 Lys ³⁷ ]GLP-1H(7-37)-amide

N ^ε37- (2-(2-(2-(Hexadecylamino)ethoxy) ^ethoxy )acetyl)-[ ^{Aib8,22,35Lys37} ]GLP-1(7-37)-amide

N ^ε37- (2-(2-(2-(Octanoylamino)ethoxy) ^ethoxy )acetyl)-[ ^{Aib8,22,35Lys37} ]GLP-1(7-37)-amide

N ^{ε 37} -(2-(2-(2-(Eicosylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)-[Aib ^8,22,35 Lys ³⁷ ]GLP-1(7-37)-amide

N ^ε36 -(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(octadecanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl) )-[Aib ⁸ , Arg ^{26, 34} , Lys ³⁶ ]GLP-1(7-37)-OH

N ^ε36 -(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(octadecanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl) )[Arg ^{26, 34} , Lys ³⁶ ]GLP-1(7-37)-OH

N ^ε36 -{2-(2-(2-(2-[2-(2-(octadecanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy]acetylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl) }-[Gly ⁸ , Arg ^{26, 34} , Lys ³⁶ ]GLP-1(7-37)-OH

N ^ε37 -(2-(2-(2-(4-4(4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,9-tridecafluorononanoylsulfamate Acyl-butyrylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl))[Aib ^8,22,35 ,Lys ³⁷ ]GLP-1(7-37)-OH

N ^ε37 -(2-(2-(2-(3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,11,12 , 12,12-dodecyloxyacetylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)[Aib ^8,22,35 ,Lys ³⁷ ]GLP-1(7-37)-OH

N ^ε37 -(2-(2-(2-(4-(Hexadecanoylsulfamoyl)butyrylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)[Aib ^8,22,35 ,Lys ³⁷ ]GLP -1(7-37)-OH

[Arg ^26,34 ]GLP-1(7-37)Lys({2-(2-(2-(2-[2-(2-(octadecanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy]acetyl Amino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)})-OH

[Arg ^26,34 ]GLP-1(7-37)Lys{2-(2-(2-(2-[2-(2-(4-(octadecanoylamino)-4-carboxybutyrylamino) Ethoxy)ethoxy]acetylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)}-OH

N ^ε20 -{2-(2-(2-(2-[2-(2-(4-(hexadecanoylamino)-4-carboxybutyrylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy]acetylamino) Ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)}-exendin(1-39)

[Ala ⁸ , Arg ^26,34 ]GLP-1(7-37)Lys((2-[2-((2-oxalylamino-3-carboxy-2-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro- Benzo[b]thiophen-6-yl-acetylamino))ethoxy]ethoxyacetyl)amide

[Aib ^8,22,35 ]GLP-1(7-37)Lys((2-[2-((2-oxalylamino-3-carboxy-2-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-benzene And[b]thiophen-6-yl-acetylamino))ethoxy]ethoxyacetyl)amide

N ^ε36 -(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(4-(octadecanoylamino)-4(S)-carboxybutyrylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl Base amino) ethoxy) ethoxy) acetyl) -[Aib ⁸ , Arg ^{26, 34} , Lys ³⁶ ]GLP-1(7-37)-OH

N ^ε36 -(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(4-(octadecanoylamino)-4(S)-carboxybutyrylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl Amino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)-[Gly ⁸ , Arg ^26,34 ,Lys ³⁶ ]GLP-1(7-37)-OH

N ^ε37 -2-(2-(2-(4-(4-(Heptadecanoylamino)-4-(S)-carboxybutyrylamino)-4-(S)-carboxybutyrylamino)ethoxy ) ethoxy)

Acetyl-[Aib ^{8, 22, 35} , Lys ³⁷ ]GLP-1(7-37)-NH ₂

N ^ε37 -2-(2-[2-(2-[2-(4-[4-(Heptadecanoylamino)-4-(S)carboxybutyrylamino]-4-(S)-carboxybutyryl Amino)ethoxy]ethoxy)acetylamino)ethoxy]ethoxy)acetyl-[Aib ^8,22,35 ,Lys ³⁷ ]GLP-1(7-37)-NH ₂

N ^ε26 -(2-(2-(2-(4-(hexadecanoylamino)-4(S)-carboxybutyrylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)-[Aib ⁸ , Arg ³⁴ ]GLP-1(7-37)-OH

N ^ε26 -2-(2-2-(2-(2-(2-(4-(octadecanoylamino)-4(S)-carboxybutyrylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetylamino ) ethoxy) ethoxy) acetyl-[Aib ⁸ , Arg ³⁴ ] GLP-1(7-37)-OH

[Gly ⁸ , Arg ^{26, 34} ]GLP-1(7-37)Lys(2-(2-(19-(carboxy)nonadecanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)-OH

[Gly ⁸ , Arg ^{26, 34} ]GLP-1(7-37)Lys((2-(2-(17-(carboxy)heptadecylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl))-OH

[Gly ⁸ , Arg ^26,34 ]GLP-1(7-37)Lys(2-(2-(2-(4-(19-(carboxy)nonadecanoylamino)-4-carboxybutyrylamino)ethyl Oxy)ethoxy)acetyl)-OH

[Gly ⁸ , Arg ^26,34 ]GLP-1(7-37)Lys((2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(hexadecanoyl Amino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)-acetyl)-OH

[Gly ⁸ , Arg ^{26, 34} ]GLP-1(7-37)Lys(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(octadecanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy) -acetylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl) _NH2

N ^ε20 (2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(4-(17-(carboxy)heptadecanoyl) Amino)-4-carboxybutyrylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetylamino)ethoxy) Ethoxy)acetyl)[Lys ²⁰ ]exendin-4(1-39)-NH ₂

N ^ε36 -(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(17-carboxyheptadecanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy) Acetyl) [Aib ⁸ , Arg ^{26, 34} , Lys ³⁶ ] GLP-1(7-37)

N ^ε36 -(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(17-carboxyheptadecanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy) Acetyl)[Arg ^26,34 ,Lys ³⁶ ]GLP-1(7-37)

N ^ε36 -(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(17-carboxyheptadecanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy) Acetyl)[Gly ⁸ , Arg ^{26, 34} , Lys ³⁶ ]GLP-1(7-37)

N ^ε20 -(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(octadecanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetylamino)ethoxy Base) ethoxy) acetylamino) ethoxy) -ethoxy) acetyl) [Lys ²⁰ ] Exendin-4(1-39)-amide

N ^ε36 -(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(4-(octadecanoylamino)-4(S)-carboxybutyrylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl Amino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)-[Arg ^26,34 ,Lys ³⁶ ]GLP-1(7-37)

N ^ε26 -(2-[2-(2-[2-(2-[2-(17-carboxyheptadecanoylamino)ethoxy]ethoxy)acetylamino]ethoxy)ethoxy] Acetyl)[Arg ³⁴ ]GLP-1(7-37)-OH

N ^ε26 -[2-(2-[2-(2-[2-(2-[4-(17-Carboxyheptadecanoylamino)-4(S)-carboxybutyrylamino]ethoxy)ethoxy Base] acetylamino) ethoxy] ethoxy) acetyl] [Arg ³⁴ ] GLP-1(7-37)-OH

N ^ε20 -(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(17-carboxyheptadecanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetylamino )ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl-amino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)[Lys ²⁰ ]Exendin-4(1-39)-amide

[Gly ⁸ , Glu ^{22, 23,} 30 , Arg 18, ²⁶ , 34 ] GLP-1(7-37)Lys(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(17-Carboxydec Heptaacylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetylamino)ethoxy))ethoxy)acetyl) _-NH2

[Imidazolylpropionic acid ⁷ , Asp ¹⁶ , Aib ^{22, 35} ] GLP1(7-37)Lys NH((2-{[4-(17-carboxyheptadecanoylamino)butylcarbamoyl]methoxy} Ethoxy) Ethoxy))

[Imidazolylpropionic acid ⁷ , Aib ^{22, 35} ] GLP1(7-37)Lys NH((2-{[4-(17-carboxyheptadecanoylamino)butylcarbamoyl]methoxy}ethoxy )ethoxy))

and

[3-(5-imidazolyl) propionyl ⁷ , Aib ⁸ , Arg ^26,34 ]GLP-1(7-37)Lys{2-(2-(2-(2-[2-(2-(17 -carboxyheptanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy]acetylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)}-OH

In another embodiment, the therapeutic polypeptide is a GLP-2 peptide.

In another embodiment, the GLP-2 peptide is a DPPIV protected GLP-2 peptide.

In another embodiment, the GLP-2 peptide is ^Gly2 -GLP-2(1-33).

In another embodiment, the GLP-2 peptide is ^{Lys17Arg30 -} GLP-2(1-33).

In another embodiment of the invention, the therapeutic polypeptide is human insulin or an analog thereof.

In another embodiment of the invention, the therapeutic polypeptide is selected from the group consisting of: Asp ^B28 - human insulin, Lys ^B28 , Pro ^B29 - human insulin, Lys ^B3 , Glu ^B29 - human insulin, Gly ^A21 , Arg ^B31 , Arg ^B32 - human insulin, and des(B30) human insulin.

In another embodiment of the invention, the therapeutic polypeptide is human growth hormone or an analog thereof.

In another embodiment of the invention, the therapeutic polypeptide is parathyroid hormone or an analog thereof.

In another embodiment of the invention, the therapeutic polypeptide is human follicle stimulating hormone or an analog thereof.

In another embodiment of the invention, the molar amount of the therapeutic polypeptide is less than 100 kDa, less than 50 kDa, or less than 10 kDa.

In another embodiment of the invention, the therapeutic polypeptide is selected from the group consisting of growth factors such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF), Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF); Somatomodulin, such as Insulin Growth Factor I (IGF-I), Insulin Growth Factor II (IFG-II), Erythropoietin (EPO), Thrombopoietin (TPO), or angiopoietin; interferon, prourokinase, urokinase, tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, plasminogen activator inhibitor Agent 2, vascular pseudovascular factors; cytokines, such as interleukins (IL) such as IL-1, IL-1Ra, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-9, IL-11 , IL-12, IL-13, IL-15, IL-16, IL-17, IL-18, IL-20, or IL-21, colony stimulating factor (CFS) such as GM-CSF, stem cell factor, tumor necrosis Factors such as TNF-alpha, lymphotoxin-alpha, lymphotoxin-beta, CD40L, or CD30L; protease inhibitors, such as aprotinin; enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase, asparaginase, arginase, arginase, Amino acid deaminase, adenosine deaminase, ribonuclease, catalase, uricase, bilirubin oxidase, trypsin, papain, alkaline phosphatase, β-glucuronidase, purine Nucleoside phosphorylase, or batroxobin; opioids, such as endorphins, enkephalins, or unnatural opioids; hormones or neuropeptides, such as calcitonin, glucagon, gastrin, Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cholecystokinin, luteinizing hormone, gonadotropin-releasing hormone, chorionic gonadotropin, corticotropin-releasing factor, vasopressin, oxytocin, vasopressin, thyrotropin, Thyrotropin-releasing hormone, relaxin, prolactin, YY peptide, Y neuropeptide, pancreatic polypeptide, leptin, CART (cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript), CART-related peptide, lipid droplet-associated protein, melanocortin ( Melanostimulating hormone) such as MC-4, melanin-concentrating hormone, natriuretic peptide, adrenomedullin, endothelin, secretin, dextrin, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), activating pituitary adenylate cyclase Polypeptide (PACAP), bombesin, bombesin-like peptide, thymosin, heparin-binding protein, soluble CD4, hypothalamic releasing factor (hypothalmic releasing factor), melatonin (melanotonin) and its analogues.

In another aspect, the invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound according to the invention together with a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.

In one embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition is suitable for parenteral administration.

In another aspect, the invention relates to the use of a compound according to the invention for the manufacture of a medicament.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the compound according to the present invention (wherein the therapeutic polypeptide is a GLP-1 peptide) is used for the preparation of treatment or prevention of hyperglycemia, type 2 diabetes, glucose intolerance, type 1 diabetes, obesity , hypertension, syndrome X, dyslipidemia, cognitive impairment, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, coronary heart disease and other cardiovascular diseases, stroke, inflammatory bowel syndrome (inflammatory bowel syndrome), dyspepsia, and gastric ulcer Drug.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the compound according to the present invention, wherein the therapeutic polypeptide is a GLP-1 peptide, is used for the preparation of a medicament for delaying or preventing the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

In another embodiment of the invention, the compounds according to the invention, wherein the therapeutic polypeptide is a GLP-1 peptide, are used in the preparation of reduced food intake, decreased β-cell apoptosis, improved β-cell function and β-cell Cell mass, and/or drugs to restore glucose sensitivity of β-cells.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the compound according to the present invention (wherein the therapeutic polypeptide is a GLP-2 peptide) is used for the preparation of treatment of small bowel syndrome (small bowel syndrome), inflammatory bowel syndrome, or Crohn's disease Drug.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the compound according to the present invention (wherein the therapeutic polypeptide is an insulin peptide) is used for the preparation of a medicament for the treatment or prevention of hyperglycemia, type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, or beta-cell deficiency .

Therapeutic polypeptides may be produced by a method comprising culturing a host cell comprising a DNA sequence encoding the polypeptide and capable of expressing the polypeptide in a suitable nutrient medium under conditions that permit expression of the polypeptide, and recovering the resulting polypeptide from the culture broth. of peptides.

The medium used for culturing cells may be any conventional medium suitable for culturing host cells, such as minimal or complex medium with appropriate supplements. Suitable media are available from commercial suppliers or can be prepared according to published recipes (eg, in catalogs of the American Type Culture Collection). The peptides produced by the cells can then be recovered from the culture medium by conventional procedures, including separation of the cells from the culture medium by centrifugation or filtration, precipitation of proteinaceous components in the supernatant or filtrate with the aid of salts (e.g. ammonium sulfate), depending on the purpose Types of peptides, purified by various chromatographic procedures such as ion exchange, gel filtration, affinity chromatography, etc.

Suitably, the DNA sequence encoding the therapeutic polypeptide may be derived from genomic or cDNA, for example, by constructing a genomic or cDNA library according to standard techniques and screening by hybridization using synthetic oligonucleotide probes encoding the entire or the DNA sequence of a partial polypeptide (see eg Sambrook, J., Fritsch, E.F., and Maniatis, T., Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, New York, 1989). DNA sequences encoding polypeptides can also be prepared by artificial synthesis using established standard methods, such as the phosphoramidite method described by Beaucage and Caruthers, Tetrahedron Letters 22: 1859-1869, 1981 or Matthes et al., EMBO Journal 3: 801-805, 1984 described the method. DNA sequences can also be prepared by polymerase chain reaction using specific primers, for example as described in US 4,683,202 or Saiki et al., Science 239:487-491,1988.

The DNA sequence can be inserted into any vector that facilitates recombinant DNA manipulations, the choice of vector often depending on the host cell into which it will be introduced. Thus, a vector may be an autonomously replicating vector, ie, a vector that exists as an extrachromosomal entity whose replication is independent of chromosomal replication, such as a plasmid. Alternatively, the vector may be one that, after being introduced into a host cell, integrates into the genome of the host cell and replicates with the chromosome into which it has integrated.

The vector is preferably an expression vector in which the DNA sequence encoding the peptide is operably linked to additional segments necessary for transcription of the DNA, such as a promoter. The promoter can be any DNA sequence that shows transcriptional activity in the host cell of choice, and can be derived from genes encoding proteins either homologous or heterologous to the host cell. Examples of promoters suitable for directing transcription of DNA encoding a peptide of the invention in a variety of host cells are well known in the art, see eg Sambrook et al., supra.

The DNA sequence encoding the peptide may also be operably linked to appropriate terminators, polyadenylation signals, transcriptional enhancer sequences, and translational enhancer sequences, if desired. The recombinant vectors of the invention may also contain DNA sequences that enable the vector to replicate in the host cell under study.

The vector may also contain a selectable marker, such as a gene whose product complements a defect in the host cell, or a gene that confers resistance to a drug, such as ampicillin, kanamycin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, neomycin, hygromycin, or formazan. aminopterin.

To direct the parent peptide of the invention into the secretory pathway of the host cell, a secretory signal sequence (also known as a leader sequence, preprosequence, or presequence) can be provided in the recombinant vector. The secretory signal sequence is linked in the correct reading frame to the DNA sequence encoding the peptide. Secretory signal sequences are usually located 5' to the DNA sequence encoding the peptide. The secretory signal sequence may be that normally associated with the peptide, or it may be from a gene encoding another secreted protein.

Those skilled in the art are familiar with the procedures for ligating, respectively, the DNA sequence encoding the peptide of the invention, the promoter, and optionally the terminator and/or secretion signal sequence and inserting them into a suitable vector containing the information necessary for replication (see e.g. Sambrook et al., supra).

The host cell into which the DNA sequence or recombinant vector will be introduced may be any cell capable of producing the peptide of the present invention, including bacteria, yeast, fungi, and higher eukaryotic cells. Examples of suitable host cells well known and used in the art include, but are not limited to, E. coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, or mammalian BHK or CHO cell lines.

Examples of compounds useful as GLP-1 moieties according to the invention are found in International Patent Application No. WO87/06941 (The General Hospital Corporation), which relates to compounds comprising GLP-1(7-37) and functional derivatives thereof Peptide fragments, and to their use as insulinotropic agents.

For other GLP-1 analogues, see International Patent Application No. WO90/11296 (The General Hospital Corporation), which involves GLP-1(7-36) and its functional derivatives with insulin-stimulating activity beyond that of GLP-1(1-36). 36) or a peptide fragment of insulinotropic activity of GLP-1 (1-37), and relates to its use as an insulinotropic agent.

International Patent Application No. WO 91/11457 (Buckley et al.) discloses active GLP-1 peptides 7-34, 7-35, 7-36, and 7-3 that are also useful as GLP-1 moieties according to the invention. 37 analogs.

pharmaceutical composition

Pharmaceutical compositions containing compounds according to the invention may be prepared by conventional techniques, for example as described in Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1985 or Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, 19th Ed., 1995.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a pharmaceutical formulation comprising a compound according to the invention present at a concentration of about 0.1 to 25 mg/ml, and wherein the pH of said formulation is 2.0 to 10.0. Pharmaceutical formulations may comprise a compound according to the invention present at a concentration of about 0.1 to 50 mg/ml, and wherein the pH of said formulation is 2.0 to 10.0. The formulations may also contain buffer systems, preservatives, isotonic agents, chelating agents, stabilizers, and surfactants. In one embodiment of the invention, the pharmaceutical composition is an aqueous formulation, ie a formulation containing water. Such formulations are typically solutions or suspensions. In another embodiment of the invention, the pharmaceutical formulation is an aqueous solution. The term "aqueous formulation" is defined as a formulation containing at least 50% w/w water. Likewise, the term "aqueous solution" is defined as a solution containing at least 50% w/w water, and the term "aqueous suspension" is defined as a suspension containing at least 50% w/w water.

In another embodiment, the pharmaceutical formulation is a lyophilized formulation that requires the physician or patient to add solvents and/or diluents thereto prior to use.

In another embodiment, the pharmaceutical formulation is a dry formulation (eg, freeze-dried or spray-dried) that can be used without prior reconstitution.

In another aspect, the invention relates to a pharmaceutical formulation comprising an aqueous solution of a compound according to the invention and a buffer, wherein said compound is present at a concentration of 0.1 mg/ml or higher, and the pH of said formulation is from about 2.0 to About 10.0.

In another aspect, the invention relates to a pharmaceutical formulation comprising an aqueous solution of a compound according to the invention and a buffer, wherein said compound is present at a concentration of 0.1 mg/ml or higher, and wherein the pH of said formulation is about 7.0 to about 8.5.

In another embodiment of the invention, the pH of the formulation is selected from the group consisting of 2.0, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9, 3.0, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 4.0, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9, 5.0, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9, 6.0, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.7, 6.8, 6.9, 7.0, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 7.6, 7.7, 7.8, 7.9, 8.0, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5, 8.6, 8.7, 8.8, 8.9, 9.0, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4, 9.5, 9.6, 9.7, 9.8, 9.9, and 10.0. Preferably, the pH of the formulation differs by at least one pH unit, even more preferably by at least two pH units, from the isoelectric point of the compound according to the invention.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the buffering agent is selected from the group consisting of sodium acetate, sodium carbonate, citrate, glycylglycine, histidine, glycine, lysine, arginine, sodium dihydrogen phosphate , disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium phosphate, tris(hydroxymethyl)-aminomethane, hepes, N-bis(hydroxyethyl)glycine, N(hydroxymethyl)methylglycine, malic acid, succinate, malic acid acid, fumaric acid, tartaric acid, aspartic acid, or mixtures thereof. Each of these specific buffers constitutes an alternative embodiment of the invention.

In another embodiment of the invention, the formulation further comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable preservative. In another embodiment of the present invention, the preservative is selected from the group consisting of phenol, o-cresol, m-cresol, p-cresol, methylparaben, propylparaben, 2-phenoxyethanol , butyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 2-phenylethyl alcohol, benzyl alcohol, ethanol, chlorobutanol, thimerosal, bronopol, benzoic acid, mididylurea, chlorhexidine (chlorohexidine), sodium dehydroacetate, chlorocresol, Ethylparaben, benzethonium chloride, chlorphenesine (3-p-chlorophenoxypropane-1,2-diol), or a mixture thereof. In another embodiment of the invention, the concentration of preservative is 0.1 mg/ml to 30 mg/ml. In another embodiment of the invention, the concentration of preservative is 0.1 mg/ml to 20 mg/ml. In another embodiment of the invention, the concentration of the preservative is 0.1 mg/ml to 5 mg/ml. In another embodiment of the invention the preservative is present in a concentration of 5 mg/ml to 10 mg/ml. In another embodiment of the invention, the concentration of preservative is 10 mg/ml to 20 mg/ml. Each of these specific preservatives constitutes an alternative embodiment of the invention. The skilled artisan is familiar with the use of preservatives in pharmaceutical compositions. A useful reference is Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, 19th ed., 1995.

In another embodiment of the invention, the formulation further comprises an isotonic agent. In another embodiment of the invention, the isotonic agent is selected from the group consisting of salts (such as sodium chloride), sugars or sugar alcohols, amino acids (such as L-glycine, L-histidine, arginine, lysine acid, isoleucine, aspartic acid, tryptophan, threonine), aldols (such as glycerol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,3-butanediol), polyethylene glycol Diols (eg PEG400), or mixtures thereof. Any sugar may be used, such as monosaccharides, disaccharides, or polysaccharides, or water-soluble polysaccharides including, for example, fructose, glucose, mannose, sorbose, xylose, maltose, lactose, sucrose, trehalose, dextran, Pullulan, dextrin, cyclodextrin, soluble starch, hydroxyethyl starch, and sodium carboxymethylcellulose. In one embodiment, the sugar additive is sucrose. Sugar alcohols are defined as C4-C8 hydrocarbons having at least one -OH group and include, for example, mannitol, sorbitol, inositol, galactitol, dulcitol, xylitol, and arabitol. In one embodiment, the sugar alcohol additive is mannitol. The sugars or sugar alcohols mentioned above may be used alone or in combination. There is no fixed limit to the amount used, as long as the sugar or sugar alcohol is soluble in the liquid formulation and does not adversely affect the stabilization effect achieved using the method of the present invention. In one embodiment, the concentration of sugar or sugar alcohol is from about 1 mg/ml to about 150 mg/ml. In another embodiment of the invention, the concentration of the isotonic agent is 1 mg/ml to 50 mg/ml. In another embodiment of the invention, the concentration of the isotonic agent is 1 mg/ml to 7 mg/ml. In another embodiment of the invention, the concentration of the isotonic agent is 8 mg/ml to 24 mg/ml. In another embodiment of the invention, the concentration of the isotonic agent is 25 mg/ml to 50 mg/ml. Each of these specific isotonic agents constitutes an alternative embodiment of the invention. The skilled artisan is familiar with the use of isotonic agents in pharmaceutical compositions. A useful reference is Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, 19th ed., 1995.

In another embodiment of the invention, the formulation further comprises a chelating agent. In another embodiment of the present invention, the chelating agent is selected from salts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), citric acid, and aspartic acid, and mixtures thereof. In another embodiment of the invention, the concentration of the chelating agent is 0.1 mg/ml to 5 mg/ml. In another embodiment of the invention, the concentration of the chelating agent is 0.1 mg/ml to 2 mg/ml. In another embodiment of the invention, the concentration of the chelating agent is 2 mg/ml to 5 mg/ml. Each of these specific chelating agents constitutes an alternative embodiment of the invention. The skilled artisan is familiar with the use of chelating agents in pharmaceutical compositions. A useful reference is Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, 19th ed., 1995.

In another embodiment of the invention, the formulation further comprises a stabilizer. The skilled person is familiar with the use of stabilizers in pharmaceutical compositions. A useful reference is Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, 19th ed., 1995.

More specifically, the compositions of the present invention are stable liquid pharmaceutical compositions whose therapeutically active ingredients include polypeptides which may form aggregates during storage in the form of liquid pharmaceutical preparations. "Aggregate formation" means physical interactions between polypeptide molecules that result in the formation of oligomers (which may remain soluble) or large visible aggregates (which precipitate out of solution).

"During storage" means that the liquid pharmaceutical composition or formulation is not administered to a subject immediately after formulation. Rather, after formulation, they are packaged for storage, either in liquid form, in a frozen state, or in dry form (for later reconstitution into liquid form or other form suitable for administration to a subject). "Dried form" means drying by freeze drying (i.e. lyophilization: see for example Williams and Polli, J. Parenteral Sci. Technol. 38:48-59, 1984), spray drying (see Masters, 1991, in Spray-Drying Handbook 5th ed., Longman Scientific and Technical, Essez, UK, pp. 491-676; Broadhead et al., Drug Devel.Ind.Pharm.18:1169-1206, 1992; and Mumenthaler et al., Pharm.Res.11 : 12-20, 1994), or air drying (Carpenter and Crowe, Cryobiology 25: 459-470, 1988; and Roser, Biopharm. 4: 47-53, 1991) to dry liquid pharmaceutical compositions or formulations. Aggregate formation by a polypeptide during storage of a liquid pharmaceutical composition may adversely affect the biological activity of the polypeptide, resulting in a loss of therapeutic efficacy of the pharmaceutical composition. In addition, the formation of aggregates may cause other problems, such as blockage of tubing, membranes, or pumps when administering pharmaceutical compositions containing polypeptides using an infusion system.

The pharmaceutical compositions of the invention may also comprise an amino acid base in an amount sufficient to reduce aggregate formation by the polypeptide during storage of the composition. "Amino acid base" means an amino acid or combination thereof, wherein any given amino acid is present in its free base form or in its salt form. When combinations of amino acids are used, all amino acids may be present in their free base form, all amino acids may be present in their salt form, or some may be present in their free base form and others in their salt form. In one embodiment, the amino acids used in preparing the compositions of the present invention are amino acids carrying charged side chains, such as arginine, lysine, aspartic acid, and glutamic acid. In one embodiment, the amino acid used to prepare the compositions of the present invention is glycine. Specific amino acids (such as methionine, histidine, imidazole, arginine, lysine, isoleucine, aspartic acid, tryptophan, threonine, and mixtures thereof), any stereoisomer (ie, L or D) or a combination thereof, as long as the particular amino acid is present in its free base form or its salt form. In one embodiment, the L-stereoisomer is used. Analogs of these amino acids may also be used to formulate the compositions of the present invention. "Amino acid analogue" means a derivative of a naturally occurring amino acid which confers the desired effect of reducing aggregate formation by the polypeptide during storage of the liquid pharmaceutical composition of the invention. Suitable arginine analogs include, for example, aminoguanidine, ornithine, and N-monoethyl L-arginine, suitable methionine analogs include ethionine and buthionine, and suitable Cysteine analogs include S-methyl L-cysteine. For other amino acids, amino acid analogs are incorporated into the compositions in either their free base form or in the form of their salts. In another embodiment of the invention, amino acids or analogs thereof are used in concentrations sufficient to prevent or delay protein aggregation.

In another embodiment of the invention, methionine (or other sulfur-containing amino acids or its analogs) to inhibit the oxidation of methionine residues to methionine sulfoxide. "Inhibition" means minimal accumulation of methionine oxidation products over time. Inhibition of methionine oxidation results in a longer lasting retention of the polypeptide in its correct molecular form. Any stereoisomer of methionine (L, D, or mixtures thereof) can be used. The amount added should be sufficient to inhibit oxidation of methionine residues such that the amount of methionine sulfoxide is acceptable to regulatory agencies. Typically, this means that the composition comprises no more than about 10% to about 30% methionine sulfoxide. Typically, this can be achieved by adding methionine at a ratio of added methionine to methionine residues of from about 1:1 to about 1000:1, such as from about 10:1 to about 100:1.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the formulation further comprises a stabilizer selected from the group consisting of high molecular weight polymers or low molecular weight compounds. In another embodiment of the present invention, the stabilizer is selected from the group consisting of: polyethylene glycol (eg PEG3350), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone, carboxy/hydroxyl cellulose or derivatives thereof (eg HPC, HPC- SL, HPC-L, and HPMC), cyclodextrins, sulfur-containing substances (such as monothioglycerol, thioglycolic acid, and 2-methylthioethanol), and various salts (such as sodium chloride). Each of these specific stabilizers constitutes an alternative embodiment of the invention.

The pharmaceutical composition may also contain additional stabilizers which further enhance the stability of the therapeutically active polypeptide therein. Stabilizers of particular interest in the present invention include, but are not limited to, methionine and EDTA, which protect polypeptides from methionine oxidation, and nonionic surfactants, which protect polypeptides from freeze-thaw or mechanical shear-related aggregation.

F68、泊洛沙姆188和407、Triton X-100)、聚氧乙烯山梨聚糖脂肪酸酯、星形PEO、聚氧乙烯和聚乙烯衍生物诸如烷基化和烷氧基化衍生物(吐温，例如吐温-20、吐温-40、吐温-80、和Brij-35)、聚氧乙烯羟基硬脂酸酯、甘油单酯或其乙氧基化衍生物、甘油二酯或其聚氧乙烯衍生物、醇、甘油、凝集素、磷脂(例如磷脂酰丝氨酸、磷脂酰胆碱、磷脂酰乙醇胺、磷脂酰肌醇、二磷脂酰甘油、和鞘磷脂)、磷脂的衍生物(例如二棕榈酰磷脂酸)和溶血磷脂的衍生物(例如棕榈酰溶血磷脂酰-L-丝氨酸和乙醇胺、胆碱、丝氨酸、或苏氨酸的1-酰基-sn-甘油-3-磷酸酯)、溶血磷脂酰和磷脂酰胆碱的烷基、烷氧基(烷酯)、烷氧(烷醚)衍生物(例如溶血磷脂酰胆碱、二棕榈酰磷脂酰胆碱的月桂酰和肉豆蔻酰衍生物)、极性首基(即胆碱、乙醇胺、磷脂酸、丝氨酸、苏氨酸、甘油、肌醇)和带正电荷的DODAC、DOTMA、DCP、BISHOP的修饰、溶血磷脂酰丝氨酸、溶血磷脂酰苏氨酸、甘油磷脂(例如脑磷脂)、甘油糖脂(例如吡喃型半乳糖苷脂)、鞘糖脂(例如神经酰胺、神经节苷脂)、十二基磷酸胆碱、鸡卵溶血卵磷脂、梭链孢酸衍生物(例如牛磺-二氢梭链孢酸钠等)、C6-C12的长链脂肪酸及其盐(例如油酸和辛酸)、酰基肉碱及其衍生物、赖氨酸、精氨酸、或组氨酸的N^α-酰化衍生物、赖氨酸或精氨酸的侧链酰化衍生物、包含赖氨酸、精氨酸、或组氨酸与中性或酸性氨基酸的任意组合的二肽的N^α-酰化衍生物、包含中性氨基酸与两个带电荷氨基酸的任意组合的三肽的N^α-酰化衍生物、DSS(多库酯钠，CAS注册号[577-11-7]；多库酯钙，CAS注册号[128-49-4]；多库酯钾，CAS注册号[7491-09-0])、SDS(十二烷基硫酸钠或月桂基硫酸钠)、辛酸钠、胆酸或其衍生物、胆汁酸及其盐、甘氨酸或牛磺酸缀合物、熊去氧胆酸、胆酸钠、脱氧胆酸钠、牛磺胆酸钠、甘胆酸钠、N-十六烷基-N，N-二甲基-3-铵-1-丙烷磺酸盐、阴离子单价表面活性剂(烷基-酰基-磺酸盐)、两性离子表面活性剂(例如N-烷基-N，N-二甲基铵-1-丙烷磺酸盐、3-胆胺基-1-丙基二甲基铵-1-丙烷磺酸盐)、阳离子表面活性剂(季铵碱)(例如鲸蜡基-三甲基溴化铵、鲸蜡基吡啶鎓氯化物)、非离子表面活性剂(例如十二烷基β-D-吡喃型葡萄糖苷)、poloxamine(即通过向乙二胺连续添加氧化丙烯和氧化乙烯衍生的四功能嵌段共聚物)(例如Tetronic)、咪唑啉衍生物、或其化合物。这些具体表面活性剂的每一种构成本发明的一个替换实施方案。In another embodiment of the invention, the formulation further comprises a surfactant. In another embodiment of the present invention, the surfactant is selected from detergents, ethoxylated castor oil, polyglycolyzed glycerides, acetylated monoglycerides, sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyglycolyzed Oxypropylene-polyoxyethylene block polymers (e.g. poloxamers, such as

F68, poloxamers 188 and 407, Triton X-100), polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, star PEO, polyoxyethylene and polyethylene derivatives such as alkylated and alkoxylated derivatives ( Tweens, such as Tween-20, Tween-40, Tween-80, and Brij-35), polyoxyethylene hydroxystearate, monoglycerides or their ethoxylated derivatives, diglycerides or Its polyoxyethylene derivatives, alcohols, glycerol, lectins, phospholipids (such as phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, diphosphatidylglycerol, and sphingomyelin), derivatives of phospholipids ( such as dipalmitoylphosphatidic acid) and derivatives of lysophospholipids (such as palmitoyllysophosphatidyl-L-serine and 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate of ethanolamine, choline, serine, or threonine) , lysophosphatidyl and phosphatidylcholine alkyl, alkoxy (alkyl ester), alkoxy (alkyl ether) derivatives (such as lysophosphatidylcholine, dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine lauroyl and myristate acyl derivatives), polar headgroups (i.e. choline, ethanolamine, phosphatidic acid, serine, threonine, glycerol, inositol) and positively charged modifications of DODAC, DOTMA, DCP, BISHOP, lysophosphatidylserine, Lysophosphatidylthreonine, glycerophospholipids (e.g. cephalin), glyceroglycolipids (e.g. galactopyranoside), glycosphingolipids (e.g. ceramide, ganglioside), dodecylphosphocholine, Chicken egg lysolecithin, fusidic acid derivatives (such as taurine-dihydrofusidic acid sodium, etc.), C6-C12 long-chain fatty acids and their salts (such as oleic acid and caprylic acid), acylcarnitine and its Derivatives, N ^α -acylated derivatives of lysine, arginine, or histidine, side chain acylated derivatives of lysine or arginine, containing lysine, arginine, or group N ^α -acylated derivatives of dipeptides with any combination of amino acids and neutral or acidic amino acids, N ^α -acylated derivatives of tripeptides with any combination of neutral amino acids and two charged amino acids, DSS( Docusate Sodium, CAS Registry No. [577-11-7]; Docusate Calcium, CAS Registry No. [128-49-4]; Docusate Potassium, CAS Registry No. [7491-09-0]), SDS (sodium lauryl sulfate or sodium lauryl sulfate), sodium caprylate, bile acid or its derivatives, bile acid and its salts, glycine or taurine conjugates, ursodeoxycholic acid, sodium cholate, deoxycholic acid Sodium cholate, sodium taurocholate, sodium glycocholate, N-hexadecyl-N, N-dimethyl-3-ammonium-1-propanesulfonate, anionic monovalent surfactant (alkyl- acyl-sulfonate), zwitterionic surfactants (e.g. N-alkyl-N,N-dimethylammonium-1-propanesulfonate, 3-cholamino-1-propyldimethylammonium- 1-propanesulfonate), cationic surfactants (quaternary ammonium bases) (such as cetyl-trimethylammonium bromide, cetylpyridinium chloride), nonionic surfactants (such as dodecyl β-D-glucopyranoside), poloxamine (ie through Propylene oxide and ethylene oxide derived tetrafunctional block copolymers) (such as Tetronic), imidazoline derivatives, or compounds thereof are continuously added to ethylenediamine. Each of these specific surfactants constitutes an alternative embodiment of the invention.

The skilled person is familiar with the use of surfactants in pharmaceutical compositions. A useful reference is Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, 19th ed., 1995.

Compositions for parenteral administration of GLP-1 compounds may be prepared as described, for example, in WO 03/002136.

It is possible that other ingredients are also present in the peptide pharmaceutical formulations of the invention. These additional ingredients may include wetting agents, emulsifiers, antioxidants, bulking agents, osmo-regulators, chelating agents, metal ions, oily vehicles, proteins (such as human serum albumin, gelatin, or proteins), and zwitterions (eg amino acids such as betaine, taurine, arginine, glycine, lysine, and histidine). These additional ingredients should, of course, not adversely affect the overall stability of the pharmaceutical formulations of the invention.

A pharmaceutical composition containing a compound according to the invention may be administered to a patient in need of such treatment at several sites, such as topical sites (e.g. skin and mucosal sites), sites bypassing absorption (e.g. administration in arteries, veins, heart ), and the site involved in absorption (e.g., in the skin, under the skin, in a muscle, or administered in the abdomen).

A pharmaceutical composition according to the invention can be administered to a patient in need of such treatment by several routes of administration, for example, lingually, sublingually, buccally, buccally, orally, gastricly and intestinally, nasally, pulmonary (e.g. via the bronchioles and alveoli or combinations thereof), epidermal, dermal, transdermal, vaginal, rectal, ocular (eg, through the conjunctiva), ureteral, and parenteral.

The compositions of the invention can be administered in several dosage forms, for example solutions, suspensions, emulsions, microemulsions, complex emulsions, foams, ointments, pastes, plasters, salves, tablets, coated tablets, lotions, capsules ( such as hard and soft gelatin capsules), suppositories, rectal capsules, drops, gels, sprays, powders, aerosols, inhalants, eye drops, ointments, eye washes, pessaries, vaginal rings, vaginal Ointments, injections, in situ transformation fluids (eg, in situ gelling, in situ mounting, in situ precipitation, in situ crystallization), infusions, and implants.

The compositions of the present invention can also be compounded or attached (for example, through covalent, hydrophobic, and electrostatic interactions) to drug carriers, drug delivery systems, and advanced drug delivery systems, thereby further improving the stability of the compound, improving bioavailability, Improve solubility, reduce adverse effects, accomplish chronotherapy well known to those skilled in the art, and improve patient compliance, or any combination thereof. Examples of carriers, drug delivery systems, and advanced drug delivery systems include, but are not limited to, polymers (such as cellulose and its derivatives), polysaccharides (such as dextran and its derivatives, starch and its derivatives), polyvinyl alcohol , acrylate and methacrylate polymers, polylactic and polyglycolic acids and their block copolymers, polyethylene glycol, carrier proteins (such as albumin), gels (such as thermogelling systems, such as those known in the art Block copolymerization system well known to those skilled in the art), micelles, liposomes, microspheres, nanoparticles, liquid crystals and dispersions thereof, L2 phase and dispersions thereof (those skilled in the art know its phase in lipid-water systems characteristics), polymeric micelles, complex emulsions, self-emulsification, self-microemulsion, cyclodextrin and its derivatives, and dendrimers.

The compositions of the present invention may be used to formulate solids, semi-solids, powders, and solutions of compounds for pulmonary administration, for example using metered dose inhalers, ground powder inhalers, and nebulizers, which are devices well known to those skilled in the art .

The compositions of the invention are particularly useful in formulating controlled, sustained, prolonged, delayed, and slow drug delivery systems. More specifically, and without limitation, the compositions may be formulated in parenteral controlled-release and sustained-release systems (both of which result in many-fold reductions in the number of administrations) well known to those skilled in the art. Even more preferred are controlled-release and sustained-release systems for subcutaneous administration. Without limiting the scope of the invention, examples of useful controlled release systems and compositions are hydrogels, oleogels, liquid crystals, polymeric micelles, microspheres, nanoparticles.

Methods for producing controlled release systems useful for compositions of the invention include, but are not limited to, crystallization, concentration, co-crystallization, precipitation, co-precipitation, emulsification, dispersion, high-pressure homogenization, encapsulation, spray drying, microencapsulation, coacervation, Phase separation, solvent evaporation to generate microspheres, extrusion, and supercritical fluid processes. General references are Handbook of Pharmaceutical Controlled Release, Wise, D.L., ed., Marcel Dekker, New York, 2000; and Drug and the Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vol. 99, Protein Formulation and Delivery, MacNally, E.J., ed., Marcel Dekker, New York, 2000.

Parenteral administration can be by subcutaneous, intramuscular, intraperitoneal, or intravenous injection by means of a syringe (optionally a pen-like syringe). Alternatively, parenteral administration can be by means of an infusion pump. Another option is a composition where a solution or suspension of a compound according to the invention can be administered in the form of a nasal or pulmonary spray. Alternatively, pharmaceutical compositions containing compounds of the invention may also be adapted for transdermal administration (eg, by needle-free injection or a patch, optionally an iontophoretic patch) or transmucosal administration (eg, buccal).

The term "stable formulation" refers to a formulation with increased physical stability, increased chemical stability, or both physical and chemical stability.

The term "physical stability" as used herein in relation to protein formulations refers to the formation of biologically stable stability by the protein as a result of the protein's exposure to thermo-mechanical stress and/or interaction with destabilizing interfaces and surfaces, such as hydrophobic surfaces and interfaces. Tendency to active and/or insoluble protein aggregates. Physical stability of aqueous protein formulations can be assessed by visual inspection of formulations filled in suitable containers (e.g. cartridges or vials) after exposure to mechanical/physical pressure (e.g. shaking) at different temperatures for various periods of time and/or turbidity measurements. Visual inspection of formulations is performed under intensely focused light against a dark background. The turbidity of a formulation is expressed as a visual score grading the degree of turbidity, for example on a scale from 0 to 3 (a formulation showing no turbidity corresponds to a visual score of 0, while a formulation showing visible turbidity in daylight corresponds to a visual score of 3). A formulation is classified as physically unstable with respect to protein aggregation when it exhibits visible turbidity in daylight. Alternatively, the turbidity of a formulation can be assessed by simple turbidity measurements well known to those skilled in the art. Physical stability of aqueous protein formulations can also be assessed using spectroscopic reagents or probes of the conformational state of the protein. Probes are preferably small molecules that preferentially bind to unnatural isoforms of proteins. An example of a small molecule spectroscopic probe of protein structure is Thioflavin T. Thioflavin T is a fluorescent dye widely used to detect amyloid fibrils. In the presence of fibrils and possibly other protein configurations, Thioflavin T produces a new excitation maximum at about 450 nm and enhanced emission at about 482 nm upon binding to the fibril protein form. Unconjugated Thioflavin T is essentially non-fluorescent at these wavelengths.

Other small molecules can be used as probes for changes in protein structure from native to non-native states, such as "hydrophobic spot" probes that bind preferentially to exposed hydrophobic spots of proteins. Hydrophobic spots are usually buried within the tertiary structure of a protein in its native state, but become exposed when the protein begins to unfold or denature. Examples of these small molecule spectroscopic probes are aromatic, hydrophobic dyes such as antrhacene, acridine, phenanthroline, and the like. Other spectroscopic probes are metal-amino acid complexes such as cobalt metal complexes of hydrophobic amino acids such as phenylalanine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, and valine, among others.

The term "chemical stability" as used herein in relation to protein formulations refers to chemical covalent changes in protein structure that result in the formation of chemical degradation products that may be less biologically potent and/or immune to Rativity may increase. Depending on the type and nature of the native protein and the environment to which the protein is exposed, a variety of chemical degradation products may be formed. As is well known to those skilled in the art, it is almost impossible to completely avoid or eliminate chemical degradation, and an increased amount of chemical degradation products is often seen during storage and use of protein formulations. Most proteins are prone to deamidation, a process in which the side chain amide groups of glutaminyl or asparaginyl residues are hydrolyzed to form free carboxylic acids. Other degradation pathways involve the formation of high molecular weight transformation products in which two or more protein molecules are covalently bound to each other through transamidation and/or disulfide bonding, resulting in covalent association of dimers, oligomers, and polysaccharides. Formation of aggregate degradation products (Stability of Protein Pharmaceuticals, Ahern T.J. and Manning M.C., Plenum Press, New York, 1992). Oxidation (eg of methionine residues) is another variant of chemical degradation. The chemical stability of protein formulations can be assessed by measuring the amount of chemical degradation products at various time points after exposure to different environmental conditions (formation of degradation products can often be accelerated, eg, by increasing temperature). The amount of each degradation product is often determined by separating the degradation products according to molecular weight and/or charge using various chromatographic techniques (eg, SEC-HPLC and/or RP-HPLC).

Thus, as noted above, a "stable formulation" refers to a formulation that has increased physical stability, increased chemical stability, or both physical and chemical stability. In general, formulations must be stable during use and storage (according to recommended use and storage conditions) until the expiry date.

In one embodiment of the invention, the pharmaceutical formulation comprising a compound according to the invention is stable for more than 6 weeks of use and more than 3 years of storage.

In another embodiment of the invention, the pharmaceutical formulation comprising a compound according to the invention is stable for more than 4 weeks of use and more than 3 years of storage.

In another embodiment of the invention, the pharmaceutical formulation comprising a compound according to the invention is stable for more than 4 weeks of use and more than 2 years of storage.

In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the pharmaceutical formulation comprising a compound according to the present invention is stable for more than 2 weeks of use and more than 2 years of storage.

A pharmaceutical composition comprising a GLP-1 derivative according to the invention may be administered parenterally to a patient in need of such treatment. Parenteral administration can be by subcutaneous, intramuscular, or intravenous injection by means of a syringe (optionally a pen-like syringe). Alternatively, parenteral administration can be by means of an infusion pump. Another option is a composition that can be administered as a powder or suspension of a GLP-1 derivative in the form of a nasal or pulmonary spray. Alternatively, the GLP-1 derivatives of the invention may also be administered transdermally (eg a patch, optionally an iontophoretic patch) or transmucosally (eg buccal).

Thus, the injectable compositions of the GLP-1 derivatives of the present invention can be prepared using conventional techniques of the pharmaceutical industry, which involve dissolving and mixing the appropriate ingredients to produce the desired end product.

According to one procedure, the GLP-1 derivative is dissolved in an amount of water that is less than the final volume of the composition to be prepared. Isotonic agents, preservatives, and buffers are added as necessary. The pH of the solution is adjusted, if necessary, with an acid such as hydrochloric acid or a base such as aqueous sodium hydroxide. Finally, adjust the volume of the solution with water to achieve the desired concentration of the ingredients.

In addition to the above ingredients, the solution containing the GLP-1 derivative according to the present invention may also contain a surfactant to increase the solubility and/or stability of the GLP-1 derivative.

For example, compositions for intranasal administration of certain peptides may be prepared as described in European Patent No. 272097 (to Novo Nordisk A/S) or WO 93/18785.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the GLP-1 derivative is provided in the form of a composition suitable for administration by injection. Such a composition may be a ready-to-use injection, or may be a solid composition in a quantity that must be dissolved in a solvent before injection (eg a lyophilized product). Preferably, the GLP-1 derivative contained in the injection is not less than about 2 mg/ml, preferably not less than about 5 mg/ml, more preferably not less than about 10 mg/ml, and preferably not more than about 100 mg /ml.

The GLP-1 derivatives of the present invention can be used to treat various diseases. The particular GLP-1 derivative to be used and the optimal dosage level for any patient will depend on the disease being treated and a variety of factors including the efficacy of the particular peptide derivative employed, the patient's age, weight, physical activity, and diet, possible combinations with other medications, and severity of the case. It is recommended that the dosage of the GLP-1 derivatives of the present invention be determined for each individual patient by a person skilled in the art.

In particular, it is envisaged that GLP-1 derivatives will be useful in the preparation of medicaments with prolonged action properties for the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and/or for the treatment of obesity.

In another aspect, the invention relates to the use of a compound according to the invention for the manufacture of a medicament.

In one embodiment, the present invention relates to compounds according to the present invention for the preparation of hyperglycemia, type 2 diabetes, glucose intolerance, type 1 diabetes, obesity, hypertension, syndrome X, dyslipidemia, β-cell Use of drugs for apoptosis, beta-cell deficiency, myocardial infarction, inflammatory bowel syndrome, dyspepsia, cognitive impairment (eg cognitive enhancement), neuroprotection, atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease and other cardiovascular diseases.

In another embodiment, the present invention relates to the use of a compound according to the present invention for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of small bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel syndrome, or Crohn's disease.

In another embodiment, the present invention relates to the use of a compound according to the present invention for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of hyperglycemia, type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, or beta-cell deficiency.

The treatment with the compounds according to the invention may also be combined with a second or more pharmaceutically active substances, for example selected from the group consisting of: antidiabetic agents, anti-obesity agents, appetite regulating agents, antihypertensive agents, for therapeutic and/or prophylactic Medications for complications caused by or associated with diabetes, and medicaments for the treatment and/or prevention of complications and disorders caused by or associated with obesity. In this context, the expression "antidiabetic drug" includes compounds for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of insulin resistance and diseases in which insulin resistance acts as a pathophysiological mechanism.

Examples of such pharmaceutically active substances are: insulin, GLP-1 antagonists, sulfonylureas (such as tolbutamide, glibenclamide, glipizide, and glicheide), biguanides (such as metformin), chloride Anisolic acid, glucosidase inhibitors (such as acorbose), glucagon antagonists, DPP-IV (dipeptidyl peptidase-IV) inhibitors, hepatic agents involved in stimulating gluconeogenesis and/or glycogenolysis Inhibitors of enzymes, regulators of glucose uptake, thiazolidinediones (such as troglitazone and ciglitazone), compounds that alter lipid metabolism (such as antihyperlipidemic drugs, like HMG CoA inhibitors (statins) ), compounds that reduce food intake, RXR agonists, and drugs that act on β-cell ATP-dependent potassium channels (such as glibenclamide, glipizide, glicheide, and repaglinide); consider Letyramine, colestipol, clofibrate, gemfibrozil, lovastatin, pravastatin, simvastatin, probucol, dextrothyroxine, neteglinide, repaglinide; β-blocker Withdrawal drugs (such as alprenolol, atenolol, timolol, pindolol, propranolol, and metoprolol), ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) inhibitors (such as benacept captopril, enalapril, fosinopril, lisinopril, altriopril, quinapril, and ramipril), calcium channel blockers (such as nifedipine, felodipine , nicardipine, isradipine, nimodipine, diltiazem, and verapamil), and alpha-blockers (such as doxazosin, urapidil, prazosin, and terazosin); CART (cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcripts) agonists, NPY (neuropeptide Y) antagonists, MC4 (melanocortin 4) agonists, orexin antagonists, TNF (tumor necrosis factor) agonists, CRF (promotive Corticotropin releasing factor) agonist, CRF BP (corticotropin releasing factor binding protein) antagonist, urinary cortisol agonist, β3 agonist, MSH (melanostimulating hormone) agonist, MCH (melanocyte concentrating hormone ) antagonists, CCK (cholecystokinin) agonists, serotonin reuptake inhibitors, serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, mixed serotonin and noradrenergic compounds, 5HT (serotonin) agonists , bombesin agonist, gangliotin antagonist, growth hormone, growth hormone releasing compound, TRH (thyrotropin releasing hormone) agonist, UCP 2 or 3 (uncoupling protein 2 or 3) modulator, leptin Agonists, DA agonists (bromocriptine, doprexin), lipase/amylase inhibitors, RXR (retinoid AX receptor) modulators, TRβ agonists; histamine H3 antagonists.

It will be appreciated that any suitable combination of a compound according to the invention with one or more of the compounds described above and optionally one or more other pharmaceutically active substances is considered to be within the scope of the invention.

The following examples will further illustrate the invention, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection. The features disclosed in the above description and in the following examples, whether taken separately or in any combination thereof, are important for realizing the invention in its various forms.

Example

Use the following acronyms for commercial chemical reagents:

DMF ： N,N-Dimethylformamide

DCC ： N,N-Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide

NMP ： N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone

TFA ： Trifluoroacetic acid

THF ： Tetrahydrofuran

DIEA ： Diisopropylethylamine

_H2O : water

CH3CN ： Acetonitrile

HBTU ： 2-(1H-Benzotriazol-1-yl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate

Fmoc ： 9H-Fluoren-9-ylmethoxycarbonyl

Boc ： tert-butoxycarbonyl

OtBu : tert-butyl ester

tBu : tert-butyl

Trt : Triphenylmethyl

Pmc : 2,2,5,7,8-pentamethyl-chroman-6-sulfonyl

Dde ： 1-(4,4-Dimethyl-2,6-dioxycyclohexylidene)ethyl

DCM : dichloromethane

TIS ： Triisopropylsilane

Et ₂ O : diethyl ether

H-Glu(OH)-OBu ^t : L-glutamic acid α-tert-butyl ester

HOOC-(CH ₂ ) ₁₂ -COONSu: ω-carboxytridecanoic acid 2,5-dioxypyrrolidin-1-yl ester

HOOC-(CH ₂ ) ₁₄ -COONSu: ω-carboxypentadecanoic acid 2,5-dioxypyrrolidin-1-yl ester

HOOC-(CH ₂ ) ₁₆ -COONSu: ω-carboxyheptadecanoic acid 2,5-dioxypyrrolidin-1-yl ester

HOOC-(CH ₂ ) ₁₈ -COONSu: ω-carboxynonadecanoic acid 2,5-dioxypyrrolidin-1-yl ester

abbreviation

r.t. : room temperature

PDMS : Plasma Desorption Mass Spectrometry

MALDI-MS: Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry

HPLC : high performance liquid chromatography

amu : atomic mass unit

analyze

The resistance of the peptides to degradation by dipeptidyl aminopeptidase IV was determined by a degradation assay as follows:

Several peptides were incubated with a portion of purified dipeptidyl aminopeptidase IV in an appropriate buffer (buffer other than albumin) at pH 7-8 at 37°C for 4-22 hours. The enzymatic reaction is terminated by addition of trifluoroacetic acid, and peptide degradation products are separated and quantified by HPLC or LC-MS analysis. One method used to perform this analysis is to apply the mixture to a Zorbax 300SB-C18 (30 nm pore size, 5 μm particles) 150 x 2.1 mm column and run it with a linear gradient of acetonitrile in 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid (0% - 100% acetonitrile, 30 min) for elution at a flow rate of 0.5 ml/min. Peptides and their degradation products can be monitored by their absorbance at 214 nm (peptide bonds) or 280 nm (aromatic amino acids) and quantified by integrating their peak areas. Degradation patterns can be determined using LC-MS, where the MS spectrum of each peak can be determined. The DPPIV stability of the peptides was assessed based on the percentage of intact/degraded compounds at the indicated times.

A peptide was defined as DPPIV stabilized when it was 10-fold more stable than the native peptide based on the percentage of intact compound at a given time. Thus, DPPIV-stabilized GLP-1 compounds are at least 10-fold more stable than GLP-1(7-37).

General Synthesis Method

Peptides can be synthesized on Fmoc protected Rink amide resin (Novabiochem) or chlorotrityl resin or similar resins suitable for solid phase peptide synthesis. Boc chemistry can be used, but it is more convenient to use the Fmoc strategy and finally the FastMoc UV protocol on an Applied Biosystems 433A peptide synthesizer at a 0.25 mmol scale with HBTU (2-(1H-benzo Triazol-1-yl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate) to mediate coupling (HATU is more suitable for hindered coupling), and UV monitoring of deprotection of Fmoc protecting group . Coupling agents other than HBTU and HATU can also be used, as described, for example, in Current Opinion in Chemical Biology 8:211-2210, 2004. The protected amino acid derivatives used can be standard Fmoc-amino acids (Applied Biosystems) supplied in pre-weighed cartridges suitable for the ABI433A synthesizer, except for unnatural amino acids, such as those purchased from suppliers such as Bachem and transferred to empty Fmoc-Aib-OH (Fmoc-aminoisobutyric acid) in a cartridge. The last coupled amino acid can be Boc protected.

Specific lysines on resin-bound crude protected peptides can be targeted by incorporation of Fmoc-Lys(Dde)-OH during automated synthesis, followed by selective deprotection with hydrazine, and finally introduction of side chains and linkers at specific positions. Acid residues are attached. Other orthogonal protecting groups for lysine can be used.

Program to remove Dde protection

The resin (0.25mmol) can be placed in a hand shaker/filter unit and treated with 2% hydrazine in N-methylpyrrolidone (20ml, 2 x 12min) to remove the DDE group, followed by N-methylpyrrolidone Basepyrrolidone for washing (4 x 20ml).

Procedure for attaching side chains to lysine residues

Amino acid (4 molar equivalents relative to resin) can be dissolved in N-methylpyrrolidone/dichloromethane (1:1, 10ml). Hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBt) (4 molar equivalents relative to the resin) and diisopropylcarbodiimide (4 molar equivalents relative to the resin) were added, and the solution was stirred for 15 minutes. The solution was added to the resin and diisopropylethylamine (4 molar equivalents relative to the resin) was added. The resin was shaken at room temperature for 24 hours. The resin was washed with N-methylpyrrolidone (2 x 20ml), N-methylpyrrolidone/dichloromethane (1:1, 2 x 20ml), and dichloromethane (2 x 20ml).

Program to remove Fmoc protection

The resin (0.25mmol) was placed in a filter bottle in a manual shaking device and washed with N-methylpyrrolidone/dichloromethane (1:1, 2 x 20ml), N-methylpyrrolidone (1 x 20ml), and piper Treatment with a 20% solution of pyridine in N-methylpyrrolidone (3 x 20ml) was performed for 10 minutes each. The resin was washed with N-methylpyrrolidone (2 x 20ml), N-methylpyrrolidone/dichloromethane (1:1, 2 x 20ml), and dichloromethane (2 x 20ml).

Procedure for cleavage of peptides from resin

To cleave the peptide from the resin, the resin was agitated in a mixture of trifluoroacetic acid, water, and triisopropylsilane (95:2.5:2.5) at room temperature for 180 minutes. The cutting mixture was filtered and the filtrate was concentrated to an oil by nitrogen flow. The crude peptide was precipitated from this oil with 45 ml diethyl ether and washed 3 times with 45 ml diethyl ether.

purification

Crude peptides can be purified by semi-preparative HPLC on a 20 mm x 250 mm column packed with 7 μC-18 silica. Depending on the peptide, one or two purification systems can be used:

C18药筒(Waters part.#：51910)。然后用溶于0.1％TFA的70％CH₃CN进行洗脱，用水稀释洗脱液后通过冻干法分离纯化的肽。Ammonium sulfate: The column was equilibrated with 40% _CH3CN dissolved in 0.05M ( _NH4 ) _2SO4 and adjusted to _{pH 2.5} with concentrated _H2SO4 . After drying, the crude peptide was dissolved in 5 ml 50% acetic acid/ _H2O , diluted to 20 ml with _H2O , and injected onto the column. Elution was then performed at 40°C over 50 min with a 40%-60% gradient of _CH3CN in 0.05M ( _NH4 ) _2SO4 pH 2.5 at _a flow rate of 10 ml/min. Peptide-containing fractions were collected, diluted with 3 volumes of _H2O , and flowed through a 0.1% TFA-equilibrated

C18 Cartridge (Waters part. #: 51910). Then elution was performed with 70% _CH3CN in 0.1% TFA, and the purified peptide was isolated by lyophilization after diluting the eluent with water.

TFA: After drying, the crude peptide was dissolved in 5 ml 50% acetic acid/ _H2O , diluted to 20 ml with _H2O , and injected onto the column. Elution was then performed at 40°C over 50 minutes with a gradient of 40%-60% _CH3CN in 0.1% TFA at a flow rate of 10 ml/min. Peptide-containing fractions were collected. The purified peptide was lyophilized after diluting the eluent with water.

The final product obtained can be identified by analytical RP-HPLC (retention time) and LCMS.

RP-HPLC analysis performed in the experimental part was performed using 214nm UV detection and a Vydac218TP5 44.6mm x 250mm 5μC-18 silica column (The Separations Group, Hesperia, USA) with elution at 42°C at a flow rate of 1ml/min. The different elution conditions are:

A1: Equilibrate the column with a buffer containing 0.1M (NH ₄ ) ₂ SO ₄ adjusted to pH 2.5 with concentrated H ₂ SO ₄ , and use a gradient of 0%-60% CH ₃ CN in the same buffer with Elution was performed for 50 minutes.

B1: Equilibrate the column with 0.1% TFA/H ₂ O and run with a gradient of 0% CH ₃ CN/0.1% TFA/H ₂ O to 60% CH ₃ CN/0.1% TFA/H ₂ O in 50 minutes elute.

B6: The column was equilibrated with 0.1% TFA/H ₂ O and washed with a gradient of 0% CH ₃ CN/0.1% TFA/H ₂ O to 90% CH ₃ CN/0.1% TFA/H ₂ O over 50 minutes take off.

Candidate systems are:

B4: RP analysis was performed using an Alliance Waters 2695 system equipped with a Waters 2487 dual-band detector. UV detection peaks at 214nm and 254nm were collected at 42°C using a Symmetry 300 C18, 5μm, 3.9mm x 150mm column. Elution was performed with a linear gradient of 5-95% acetonitrile, 90-0% water, and 5% trifluoroacetic acid (1.0%) in water over 15 minutes at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min.

LCMS is composed of Hewlett Packard series 1100G1312A Bin pump controlled by HP Chemstation software, Hewlett Packard series 1100 column compartment, Hewlett Packard series 1100 G1315A DAD diode array detector, Hewlett Packard series 1100MSD, and Sedere 75 evaporative light scattering detector performed on the device. The HPLC pump is connected to two eluent reservoirs containing the following eluents:

A: 0.05% TFA/water

B: 0.05% TFA/acetonitrile

Alternatively, the two systems are:

A: 10mM _NH4OH /water

B: 10mM _NH4OH /90% acetonitrile

For analysis, an appropriate volume of sample (preferably 20 μl) is injected onto the column at 23°C and eluted with a gradient of A and B.

The table below gives the HPLC conditions, detector settings, and mass spec settings used. Column: Waters Xterra MS C-18 (50 x 3mm id 5μm) Gradient: 5%-100% acetonitrile linear gradient, time 6.5 minutes, flow rate 1.5ml/min Detection: 210nm (analog output from DAD)

ELS (analog output from ELS)

MS ionization mode API-ES; scan 550-1500amu, step size 0.1amu

Alternatively, LC-MS analysis can be performed on a PE-SciexAPI100 mass spectrometer equipped with two Perkin Elmer Series 200 micropumps, a Perkin Elmer Series 200 autosampler, an Applied Biosystems 785A UV detector, and a Sedex 75 evaporative light scattering detector. performed on the instrument. Elution was performed on a Waters Xterra 3.0mm x 50mm 5μC-18 silica column at room temperature at a flow rate of 1.5ml/min. Equilibrate with 5% CH ₃ CN/0.05% TFA/H ₂ O and elute with 5% CH ₃ CN/0.05% TFA/H ₂ O for 1 min, then with 90% CH ₃ CN/0.05% TFA/H A linear gradient of ₂ O was eluted for 7 minutes. Detection was UV detection at 214 nm and evaporative light scattering. A fraction of the column eluate was introduced into the ion spray interface of a PE-Sciex API 100 mass spectrometer. The mass range 300-2000 amu was scanned every 2 seconds during the run.

MALDI-TOF MS analysis was performed using a Voyager RP instrument (PerSeptive Biosystems, Framingham, MA) equipped with delayed extraction operating in linear mode. Alpha-cyano-4-hydroxy-cinnamic acid was used as matrix and mass assignment was based on external calibration.

Example 1

N ^ε37 -(2-(2-(2-(Dodecylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy) ^acetyl )-[ ^{Aib8,22,35Lys37} ]GLP-1(7-37)amide

The initial sequence was generated using the resin (Rink amide, 0.68 mmol/g, Novabiochem, 0.25 mmole) on an ABI433A machine following the manufacturer's instructions. All protecting groups are acid labile with the exception of the residue used at position 37 (Fmoc-Lys(ivDde)-OH, Novabiochem), allowing specificity for this lysine but not any other lysine. off protection.

process

The above-prepared resin (0.25 mmole) containing the amino acid sequence of the GLP-1 analog was placed in a manual shaker/filter device and treated with 2% hydrazine in N-methylpyrrolidone (2 x 20ml, 2 x 12min ) to remove the DDE group, followed by washing with N-methylpyrrolidone (4 x 20ml). Fmoc-8-amino-3,6-dioxoctanoic acid (NeosystemFA03202) (4 molar equivalents relative to the resin) was dissolved in N-methylpyrrolidone/dichloromethane (1:1, 20ml). Hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBt) (4 molar equivalents relative to the resin) and diisopropylcarbodiimide (4 molar equivalents relative to the resin) were added, and the solution was stirred for 15 minutes. The solution was added to the resin and diisopropylethylamine (4 molar equivalents relative to the resin) was added. The resin was shaken at room temperature for 24 hours. The resin was washed with N-methylpyrrolidone (4 x 20ml). A 20% solution of piperidine in N-methylpyrrolidone (3 x 20ml, 3 x 10min) was added to the resin with shaking. The resin was washed with N-methylpyrrolidone (4 x 20ml). Dodecanoic acid (4 molar equivalents relative to resin) was dissolved in N-methylpyrrolidone/dichloromethane (1:1, 20ml). Hydroxybenzotriazole hydrate (HOBt; H ₂ O) (4 molar equivalents relative to the resin) and diisopropylcarbodiimide (4 molar equivalents relative to the resin) were added, and the solution was stirred for 15 minute. The solution was added to the resin and diisopropylethylamine (4 molar equivalents relative to the resin) was added. The resin was shaken at room temperature for 24 hours. The resin was washed with N-methylpyrrolidone (2 x 20ml), N-methylpyrrolidone/dichloromethane (1:1, 2 x 20ml), and dichloromethane (2 x 20ml). To cleave the peptide from the resin, the resin was stirred in a mixture of trifluoroacetic acid, water, and triisopropylsilane (95:2.5:2.5, 15 ml) at room temperature for 180 minutes. The cutting mixture was filtered and the filtrate concentrated in vacuo to an oil. The crude peptide was precipitated from this oil with 45 ml diethyl ether and washed 3 times with 45 ml diethyl ether. Crude peptides were purified by preparative HPLC on a 20 mm x 250 mm column packed with 7 μC-18 silica. The crude peptide was dissolved in 5 ml 50% acetic acid/ _H2O , diluted to 20 ml with _H2O , and injected onto the column. Elution was then performed with a 40%-60% gradient of _CH3CN in 0.1% TFA and water at a flow rate of 10 ml/min over 50 min at 40°C. Peptide-containing fractions were collected. The purified peptide was lyophilized after diluting the eluent with water.

HPLC: (Method B6): RT=32.8min

HPLC: (Method A1): RT=43.6min

LCMS: m/z = 765.0 (M+5H) ⁵⁺ , 957.0 (M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1275.0 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 3825.0

Example 2

N ^ε37- (2-(2-(2-(17-sulfohexadecanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)-[ ^Aib8,22,35 , ^Lys37 ]GLP-1(7 -37) Amide

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC: (Method A1): RT=45.5min

LCMS: m/z = 792.9 (M+5H) ⁵⁺ , 990.9 (M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1320.9 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 3959.9

Example 3

N ^ε37 -{2-[2-(2-(15-Carboxypentadecanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy]acetyl}-[ ^Aib8,22,35 , ^Lys37 ]GLP-1(7- 37) Amide

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC: (Method B1): RT=43.8min

HPLC: (Method A1): RT = 42.0 min LCMS: m/z = 978.3 (M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1303.8 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 3909.6

Example 4

N ^ε37- (2-(2-(2-(17-carboxyheptadecanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)[Aib ^8,22,35 ,Lys ³⁷ ]GLP-1(7-37 ) amide

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC: (Method B1): RT = 46.4min

HPLC: (Method A1): RT = 44.4min

LCMS: m/z = 985.5 (M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1313.4 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 3937.6

Example 5

N ^ε37- (2-(2-(2-(19-carboxynonadecanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)[Aib ^8,22,35 ,Lys ³⁷ ]GLP-1(7-37 ) amide

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC: (Method B1): RT=49.5min

HPLC: (Method A1): RT = 47.1 min

LCMS: m/z = 992.5 (M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1322.6 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 3965.7

Example 6

[Aib ^8,22,35 , Arg ^26,34 ]GLP-1(7-37)Lys(4-(hexadecanoylamino)-4(S)-carboxybutyryl)-OH

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC: (Method B6): RT=36.28min

LCMS: m/z = 995 (M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1326 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 3977.6

Example 7

[Aib ^8,22,35 , Arg ^26,34 ]GLP-1(7-37)Lys(2-(2-(2-(Hexadecanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)-OH

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC: (Method B6): RT = 37.1 min

LCMS: m/z = 999 (M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1332 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 3993.7

Example 8

N ^ε37 -(2-[2-(2,6-(S)-di-{2-[2-(2-(dodecanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy]acetylamino}hexanoylamino )ethoxy]ethoxy})acetyl-[Aib ^8,22,35 ]GLP-1(7-37)amide

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC: (Method B6): RT=38.2min

LCMS: m/z = 1106.7 (M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1475.3 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 4433.0

Example 9

N ^ε37 -(2-[2-(2,6-(S)-di-{2-[2-(2-(tetradecylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy]acetylamino}hexanoylamino )ethoxy]ethoxy})acetyl-[Aib ^8,22,35 ]GLP-1(7-37)amide

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC: (Method B6): RT = 42.9min

LCMS: m/z = 1120.9 (M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1494.2 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 4480.4

Example 10

[Aib ^8,22,35 , Arg ^26,34 ]GLP-1(7-37)Lys(2-(2-(2-(4-(hexadecanoylamino)-4(S)-carboxybutyrylamino )ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)-OH

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC: (Method B6): RT=36.0min

LCMS: m/z = 1032.0 (M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1374.0 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 4122.8

Example 11

[Aib ^8,22,35 ]GLP-1(7-37)Lys((2-{2-[4-[4-(4-amino-9,10-dioxo-3-sulfo-9,10 -Dihydro-anthracene-1-ylamino)-2-sulfo-phenylamino]-6-(2-sulfo-phenylamino)-[1,3,5]triazin-2-ylamino] -ethoxy}-ethoxy)-acetyl))amide

To prepare compounds, DdeLys(Fmoc)-OH was loaded onto Rink resin. The resin was then treated with piperidine as described in Synthetic Methods to selectively scavenge Fmoc. 2-(2-(2-(Fmoc-amino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetic acid was coupled to the ε-amino group of lysine and Fmoc was removed. DMSO and Cibacron Blue 3GA (17 equivalents) (Sigma C-9534) were added, and the mixture was heated at 60°C for 15 hours, water (3 times), methanol (2 times), THF (2 times), and diethyl ether ( 2 times) for cleaning. The Dde protecting group was removed and the remaining amino acids were added as described in "Synthetic Methods".

HPLC: (Method A1): RT = 38.1 min

LCMS: m/z = 1110.4 (M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1436.4 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 4435.9

Example 12

[Aib ^8,22,35 ]GLP-1(7-37)Lys(({2-[2-(2-{2-[2-(2-{2-[2-(15-carboxypentadecanoyl Amino)-ethoxy]ethoxy}acetylamino)ethoxy]ethoxy}acetylamino)ethoxy]ethoxy}acetyl))amide

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC: (Method A1): RT=41.2min

HPLC: (Method B6): RT=30.7min

LCMS: m/z = 1069.1 (M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1424.6 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 4271

Example 13

N ^ε37 -([2-(2-{3-[2,5-dioxo-3-(15-carboxypentadecylsulfanyl)-pyrrolidin-1-yl]-propionylamino}ethoxy )ethoxy)acetyl]-[D-Ala ⁸ , Lys ³⁷ ]-GLP-1(7-37)amide

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC: (Method A1): RT=45.2min

LCMS: m/z = 1004.0 (M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1338.2 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 4010.7

Example 14

[Aib ^8,22,35 Ala ³ 7]GLP-1(7-37)Lys((2-(2-(2-(11-(oxalylamino)undecanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy )acetyl-)))amide

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC (method A1): RT = 37.9 min

HPLC (method B1): RT=39.5min

LCMS: m/z = 993.3 (M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1323.9 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 3967.6

Example 15

[Aib ^8,22,35 , Ala ³⁷ ]-GLP-1(7-37)Lys({2-[2-(2-{2-[2-(2-(15-carboxy-pentadecanoylamino) -ethoxy]ethoxy}acetylamino)ethoxy]ethoxy}acetyl]amide

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC (method B6): RT = 31.1 min

HPLC (method A1): RT = 41.9 min

LCMS: m/z = 1376.3 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 4125.8

Example 16

[Aib ^8,22,35 , Ala ³⁷ ]-GLP-1(7-37)Lys((2-{2-[11-(5-dimethylaminonaphthalene-1-sulfonylamino)undecanoylamino ]ethoxy}ethoxy)acetyl)amide

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC (method A1): RT = 42.6 min

HPLC (method B6): RT = 30.4min

LCMS: m/z = 1377.3 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 4128.8

Example 17

[Aib ^8,22,35 , Ala ³⁷ ]-GLP-1(7-37)Lys(([2-(2-{2-[1-(4-chlorobenzoyl)-5-methoxy- 2-Methyl-1H-indol-3-yl]acetylamino}ethoxy)ethoxy]acetyl))amide

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC (method A1): RT = 41.1 min

HPLC (method B6): RT = 31.1 min

LCMS: m/z = 1351.8 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 4052.0

Example 18

[Aib ⁸ , Arg ^{26, 34} , Glu 22, 23, ³⁰ ] GLP-1H(7-37) Lys(2-(2-(2-(octadecanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl ) amide

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC (method B6): RT = 39.3 min

LCMS: m/z = 1366.6 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 4095.6

Example 19

[Aib ⁸ , Arg ^{26, 34} , Glu 22, ^{23, 30} ] GLP-1 (7-37) Lys (2- (2- (2- (eicosylamino) ethoxy) ethoxy) acetyl ) amide

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC (method B6): RT = 42.6min

LCMS: m/z = 1375.7 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 4123.7

Example 20

[Gly ⁸ , Arg ^26,34 ]GLP-1H-(7-37)Lys(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(4-(octadecanoylamino)-4(S )-carboxybutyrylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)-OH

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC (method B6): RT = 38.0 min (99.9%)

HPLC (method A1): RT = 49.0 min

LCMS: m/z = 1054.6 (M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1405.3 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 4211.8

Example 21

[Aib ⁸ , Arg ^{26, 34} ]GLP-1(7-37)Lys{2-(2-(2-(2-[2-(2-(octadecanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy] Acetyl)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)}-OH

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC (method B6): RT = 38.7min

LCMS: m/z = 1029.2 (M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1371.4 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 4110.8

Example 22

[Aib ⁸ ]-GLP-1(7-37)Lys(2-(2-(2-(4-(hexadecanoylamino)-4(S)-carboxybutyrylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy ) Acetyl) -OH

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC (method B6): RT = 34.7min

LCMS: m/z = 1000.3 (M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1337.4 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 4110.8

Example 23

[Aib ⁸ , Arg ^26,34 ]GLP-1(7-37)Lys{2-(2-(2-(2-[2-(2-(4-(octadecanoylamino)-4-carboxybutyl Acylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy]acetyl)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)}-OH

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC (method B6): RT=37.5min

LCMS: m/z = 1414.9 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 4239.8

Example 24

[Aib ⁸ , Arg ^{26, 34} ]GLP-1(7-37)Lys{2-(2-(2-(2-[2-(2-(17-carboxyheptanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy Base] acetylamino) ethoxy) ethoxy) acetyl) }-OH

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC (method B6): RT = 32.4min

HPLC (method A1): RT = 43.8 min

LCMS: m/z = 1381.3 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 4140.0

Example 25

[Gly ⁸ , Arg ^{26, 34} ]GLP-1(7-37)Lys{2-(2-(2-(2-[2-(2-(17-carboxyheptadecanoylamino)ethoxy)ethyl Oxy]acetyl)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)}-OH

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC (method A1): RT = 42.3 min

LCMS: m/z = 1372.3 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 4112.7

Example 26

[Aib ⁸ ]GLP-1(7-37)Lys(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(4-(hexadecanoylamino)-4(S)-carboxybutyrylamino) )ethoxy)ethoxy)acetylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)-OH

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC (method B6): RT = 33.5 min

LCMS: m/z = 1040.3 (M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1386.6 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 4155.8

Example 27

N ^ε37 -(2-(2-(2-(Dodecanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)-[Aib ^8,22,35 Lys ³⁷ ]GLP-1H(7-37)-amide

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC: (Method B6): RT=32.8min

LC-MS: m/z = 765.7 (M+H) ⁵⁺ , 957.0 (M+H) ⁴⁺ , 1275.7 (M+H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 3822.9

Example 28

N ^ε37- (2-(2-(2-(tetradecylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)-[Aib ^8,22,35 Lys ³⁷ ]GLP-1H(7-37)-amide

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC: (Method B6): RT=34, 6min

LC-MS: m/z = 771, 4(M+5H) ⁵⁺ , 964, 1(M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1284, 9(M+H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 3851,5

Example 29

N ^ε37- (2-(2-(2-(Hexadecylamino)ethoxy) ^ethoxy )acetyl)-[ ^{Aib8,22,35Lys37} ]GLP-1(7-37)-amide

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC: (Method B6): RT=36, 8min

LC-MS: m/z = 970.7 (M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1294.3 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 3879, 6

Example 30

N ^ε37- (2-(2-(2-(Octanoylamino)ethoxy) ^ethoxy )acetyl)-[ ^{Aib8,22,35Lys37} ]GLP-1(7-37)-amide

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC: (Method B6): RT=39, 4min

LC-MS: m/z = 977, 9(M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1303, 7(M+H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 3907, 6

Example 31

N ^{ε 37} -(2-(2-(2-(Eicosylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)-[Aib ^8,22,35 Lys ³⁷ ]GLP-1(7-37)-amide

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC: (Method B6): RT = 42.7min

LC-MS: m/z = 984.8 (M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1312.8 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 3935.7

Example 32

N ^ε36 -(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(octadecanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl) )-[Aib ⁸ , Arg ^{26, 34} , Lys ³⁶ ]GLP-1(7-37)-OH

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC: (Method B6) RT = 40.7min

LC-MS: m/z = 792.3 (M+5H) ⁵⁺ , 989.8 (M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1319.2 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 3955.5

Example 33

N ^ε36 -(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(octadecanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl) )[Arg ^{26, 34} , Lys ³⁶ ]GLP-1(7-37)-OH

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC: (Method B6) RT=40.5min

LC-MS: m/z = 789.5 (M+5H) ⁵⁺ , 986.3 (M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1314.8 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 3941.5

Example 34

N ^ε36 -{2-(2-(2-(2-[2-(2-(octadecanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy]acetylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl) }-[Gly ⁸ , Arg ^{26, 34} , Lys ³⁶ ]GLP-1(7-37)-OH

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC: (Method B6) RT=38, 3min

LC-MS: m/z = 786.8 (M+5H) ⁵⁺ , 982.8 (M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1310.1 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 3927, 5

Example 35

N ^ε37 -(2-(2-(2-(4-4(4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,9-tridecafluorononanoylsulfamate Acyl-butyrylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl))[Aib ^8,22,35 ,Lys ³⁷ ]GLP-1(7-37)-OH

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC: (Method B6) RT = 32.4min

LC-MS: m/z = 1042.7 (M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1389.9 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 4166.4

Example 36

N ^ε37 -(2-(2-(2-(3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,11,12 , 12,12-dodecyloxyacetylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)[Aib ^8,22,35 ,Lys ³⁷ ]GLP-1(7-37)-OH

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC: (Method B6) RT = 36.7min

LC-MS: m/z = 1062.8 (M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1416.9 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 4247.3

Example 37

N ^ε37 -(2-(2-(2-(4-(Hexadecanoylsulfamoyl)butyrylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)[Aib ^8,22,35 ,Lys ³⁷ ]GLP -1(7-37)-OH

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC: (Method B6): RT = 37.4min

LC-MS: m/z = 1008.8 (M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1344.3 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 4030.7

Example 38

[Arg ^26,34 ]GLP-1(7-37)Lys({2-(2-(2-(2-[2-(2-(octadecanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy]acetyl Amino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)})-OH

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC (method B6): RT=38.5min

LCMS: m/z = (M+4H) ⁴⁺ 1025.1, (M+3H) ³⁺ 1366.7, calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 4096.0

Example 39

[Arg ^26,34 ]GLP-1(7-37)Lys{2-(2-(2-(2-[2-(2-(4-(octadecanoylamino)-4-carboxybutyrylamino) Ethoxy)ethoxy]acetylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)}-OH

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC (method B6): RT = 37.7min

LCMS: m/z = (M+4H) ⁴⁺ 1057.8, (M+3H) ³⁺ 1410.2, calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 4235.9

Example 40

N ^ε20 -{2-(2-(2-(2-[2-(2-(4-(hexadecanoylamino)-4-carboxybutyrylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy]acetylamino) Ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)}-exendin(1-39)

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC (method B6): RT = 33.6min

LCMS: m/z = (M+4H) ⁴⁺ 1205.3, (M+3H) ³⁺ 1606.9, calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 4816.5

Example 41

[Ala ⁸ , Arg ^26,34 ]GLP-1(7-37)Lys((2-[2-((2-oxalylamino-3-carboxy-2-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro- Benzo[b]thiophen-6-yl-acetylamino))ethoxy]ethoxyacetyl)amide

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC (method B6): RT = 32.1 min

HPLC (method A1): RT = 42.2min

LCMS: m/z = 1033.3 (M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1376.6 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 4126.7

Example 42

[Aib ^8,22,35 ]GLP-1(7-37)Lys((2-[2-((2-oxalylamino-3-carboxy-2-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-benzene And[b]thiophen-6-yl-acetylamino))ethoxy]ethoxyacetyl)amide

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC (method B1): RT = 37.4min

HPLC (method A1): RT=35.5min

LCMS: m/z = 1002.5 (M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1336.7 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 4007.5

Example 43

N ^ε36 -(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(4-(octadecanoylamino)-4(S)-carboxybutyrylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl Base amino) ethoxy) ethoxy) acetyl) -[Aib ⁸ , Arg ^{26, 34} , Lys ³⁶ ]GLP-1(7-37)-OH

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC: (Method B6): RT=39.0min

LC-MS: m/z = 1022.3 (M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1362.3 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 4084.6

Example 44

N ^ε36 -(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(4-(octadecanoylamino)-4(S)-carboxybutyrylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl Amino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)-[Gly ⁸ , Arg ^26,34 ,Lys ³⁶ ]GLP-1(7-37)-OH

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC: (Method B6): RT=38, 6min

LC-MS: m/z = 1015.2 (M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1353.4 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 4056.6

Example 45

N ^ε37 -2-(2-(2-(4-(4-(Heptadecanoylamino)-4-(S)-carboxybutyrylamino)-4-(S)-carboxybutyrylamino)ethoxy ) ethoxy)

Acetyl-[Aib ^{8, 22, 35} , Lys ³⁷ ]GLP-1(7-37)-NH ₂

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC: (Method B4): RT=10.72min

LCMS: m/z = 1039.0 (M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1385.0 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 4152.0

Example 46

N ^ε37 -2-(2-[2-(2-[2-(4-[4-(Heptadecanoylamino)-4-(S)carboxybutyrylamino]-4-(S)-carboxybutyryl Amino)ethoxy]ethoxy)acetylamino)ethoxy]ethoxy)acetyl-[Aib ^8,22,35 ,Lys ³⁷ ]GLP-1(7-37)-NH ₂

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC: (Method B4): RT = 10.74min

LCMS: m/z = 1074 (M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1433 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 4297

Example 47

N ^ε26 -(2-(2-(2-(4-(hexadecanoylamino)-4(S)-carboxybutyrylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)-[Aib ⁸ , Arg ³⁴ ]GLP-1(7-37)-OH

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC: (Method B4): RT = 10.71 min

LCMS: m/z = 979.0 (M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1304.0 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 3910.0

Example 48

N ^ε26 -2-(2-2-(2-(2-(2-(4-(octadecanoylamino)-4(S)-carboxybutyrylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetylamino ) ethoxy) ethoxy) acetyl-[Aib ⁸ , Arg ³⁴ ] GLP-1(7-37)-OH

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC: (Method B4): RT = 11.32min

LCMS: m/z = 1021 (M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1362 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 4084

Peptides were synthesized on chlorotrityl resin (Novabiochem) using the Fmoc strategy on an Advanced Chemtech 348 peptide synthesizer (0.5 mmol/g, 100 mg resin/well, 10 wells were used). Diisopropylcarbodiimide (DIC) (Fluka) and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBt)/1-hydroxy-7- Aza-benzotriazole (HOAt) (2:1) (Senn Chemicals) mediated coupling using 10 molar equivalents of amino acid and coupling reagent. The protected amino acid derivatives used were the standard Fmoc-amino acids (Advanced Chemtech), except for the amino acids Fmoc-Lys(ivDde) (Novabiochem) and Fmoc-Glu-OtBu (Bachem). The resin was then divided into 5 fractions (0.1 mmol) and the N-terminus was treated with (Boc) _2O and DIEA (5 molar equivalents) in NMP.

By incorporation of Fmoc-Lys(ivDde)-OH during automated synthesis, followed by selective deprotection with hydrazine to introduce side chains and linkers at specific positions, specific lysines on resin-bound crude protected peptides residues are attached.

Program to remove Dde protection

The resin (0.1 mmol) was placed in a syringe and treated with 3% hydrazine and 3% piperidine in NMP at room temperature (50 min) to remove the Dde group, followed by washing with NMP (4 x 5 ml).

Procedure for attaching side chains to lysine residues

OEG or amino acid (7 molar equivalents relative to resin) was dissolved in NMP. HOAt (7 molar equivalents relative to resin) and diisopropylcarbodiimide (7 molar equivalents relative to resin) were added and the solution was stirred for 15 minutes. Then, add the solution to the resin. The resin was shaken overnight at room temperature. The resin was washed with NMP (3 x 5ml).

Program to remove Fmoc protection

The resin (0.1 mmol) was placed in a syringe and treated with a 30% solution of piperidine in NMP (5 ml, 20 min). The resin was washed with NMP (2 x 5ml) and dichloromethane (2 x 5ml).

Procedure for cleavage of peptides from resin

To cleave the peptide from the resin, the resin was stirred in a mixture of trifluoroacetic acid, water, and triisopropylsilane (94:3:3) at room temperature for 120 minutes. The cutting mixture was filtered and the filtrate was concentrated to an oil by nitrogen flow. The crude peptide was precipitated from this oil with 10 ml diethyl ether and washed twice with 10 ml diethyl ether.

Example 49

[Gly ⁸ , Arg ^{26, 34} ]GLP-1(7-37)Lys(2-(2-(19-(carboxy)nonadecanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)-OH

Initial sequences were generated on an Advanced Chemtech 348 machine using chlorotrityl resin (0.5 mmol/g, Novabiochem, 0.1 mmole). All protecting groups are acid labile with the exception of the residue used at position 37 (FmocLys(ivDde)-OH, Novabiochem), allowing specific deprotection of this lysine but not any other lysine .

process

The above-prepared resin (0.1 mmole) containing the amino acid sequence of the GLP-1 analog was placed in a syringe and treated with 3% hydrazine and 3% piperidine in N-methylpyrrolidone (50 ml) to remove the DDE group The pellet was subsequently washed with NMP (4 x 5ml). Fmoc-8-amino-3,6-dioxoctanoic acid (Neosystem FA03202) (7 molar equivalents relative to resin) was dissolved in NMP. HOAt (7 molar equivalents relative to resin) and diisopropylcarbodiimide (7 molar equivalents relative to resin) were added and the solution was stirred for 15 minutes. Then, add the solution to the resin. The resin was shaken overnight at room temperature. The resin was washed with NMP (4 x 5ml). A 30% solution of piperidine in NMP (5ml, 20min) was added to the resin. The resin was washed with NMP (4 x 5ml). N-hydroxysuccinimide ester of C20 (6 molar equivalents relative to the resin, KJ. Ross-Petersen A/S) and DIEA were dissolved in NMP and added to the resin. The resin was shaken overnight at room temperature. The resin was washed with NMP (3 x 5ml) and dichloromethane (2 x 5ml). To cleave the peptide from the resin, the resin was stirred in a mixture of trifluoroacetic acid, water, and triisopropylsilane (94:3:3, 3 ml) at room temperature for 120 minutes. The cutting mixture was filtered and the filtrate concentrated in vacuo to an oil. The crude peptide was precipitated from this oil with 10 ml diethyl ether and washed twice with 10 ml diethyl ether.

purification

The crude peptide was dissolved in DMSO at a concentration of 5-10 mg/200 μl at room temperature and applied to a 7.8 x 300 mm X-Terra Prep MS C18 10 μm column operated at 40°C. After elution with 30% _CH3CN , 0.08% TFA at 4ml/min for 5 minutes, the column was eluted with a linear gradient of 30-65% _CH3CN over 35 minutes. The main UV peaks were collected manually and the expected peaks were identified by MALDI-MS.

The concentration of the peptide in the eluate was determined by measuring the UV absorbance at 280 nm, assuming molar extinction coefficients of 1280 and 3690 for tyrosine and tryptophan, respectively.

After determining the concentration, the eluate was aliquoted into the desired number of vials and dried by vacuum centrifugation.

HPLC: Eluted at 27.9 min = 52.9% CH ₃ CN

MALDI-MS: 3996 (MH ⁺ )

Example 50

[Gly ⁸ , Arg ^{26, 34} ]GLP-1(7-37)Lys((2-(2-(17-(carboxy)heptadecylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl))-OH

Compounds were prepared according to the above examples and the method in "General Synthetic Methods", except that octadecanoic acid C18 was attached as a monoprotected tert-butyl ester (3 molar equivalents relative to the resin), and HOAt and DIC (also 3 molar equivalents to resin) mediated coupling in NMP. The crude peptide was dissolved in 22.5% _CH3CN , 0.1 N NaOH for purification.

HPLC: Eluted at 25.4min = 50.4% CH ₃ CN

MALDI-MS: 3969 (MH ⁺ )

Example 51

[Gly ⁸ , Arg ^26,34 ]GLP-1(7-37)Lys(2-(2-(2-(4-(19-(carboxy)nonadecanoylamino)-4-carboxybutyrylamino)ethyl Oxy)ethoxy)acetyl)-OH

Compounds were prepared according to the two examples above and the methods in "General Synthetic Methods". The amino acid Fmoc-Glu(OtBu) (6 molar equivalents relative to the resin) was coupled to the resin using HOAt and DIC (6 molar equivalents relative to the resin). The crude peptide was dissolved in 22.5% _CH3CN , 0.1N NaOH for purification.

HPLC: Eluted at 27.2min = 52.2% CH ₃ CN

MALDI-MS: 4124 (MH ⁺ )

Example 52

[Gly ⁸ , Arg ^26,34 ]GLP-1(7-37)Lys((2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(hexadecanoyl Amino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)-acetyl)-OH

The compounds were prepared according to the methods in the above three examples and "General Synthetic Methods", except that the other two OEGs were coupled to the side chains of Lys.

HPLC: Eluted at 25.0min = 50.0% CH ₃ CN

MALDI-MS: 4259 (MH ⁺ )

Example 53

[Gly ⁸ , Arg ^{26, 34} ]GLP-1(7-37)Lys(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(octadecanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy) -acetylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl) _NH2

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC (method B6): RT=38.8min

LCMS: m/z = 1022.3 (M+4H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 4081.7

Example 54

N ^ε20 (2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(4-(17-(carboxy)heptadecanoyl) Amino)-4-carboxybutyrylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetylamino)ethoxy) Ethoxy)acetyl)[Lys ²⁰ ]exendin-4(1-39)-NH ₂

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC (method A1): RT = 41.9 min

HPLC (method B6): RT = 31.3 min

LCMS: m/z = 1722.7 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 5164.9

Example 55

N ^ε36 -(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(17-carboxyheptadecanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy) Acetyl) [Aib ⁸ , Arg ^{26, 34} , Lys ³⁶ ] GLP-1(7-37)

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC: (Method B6): RT=34, 2min

LC-MS: m/z=997, 2(M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1329, 4(M+3H) ³⁺ , 1993, 2(M+2H) ²⁺ ,

Calculated (M+H) ⁺ = 3985,5

Example 56

N ^ε36 -(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(17-carboxyheptadecanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy) Acetyl)[Arg ^26,34 ,Lys ³⁶ ]GLP-1(7-37)

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC: (Method B6): RT=34, 2min

LC-MS: m/z = 993.8 (M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1324.6 (M+3H) ³⁺ , 1987.2 (M+2H) ²⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 3971.5

Example 57

N ^ε36 -(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(17-carboxyheptadecanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy) Acetyl)[Gly ⁸ , Arg ^{26, 34} , Lys ³⁶ ]GLP-1(7-37)

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC: (Method B6): RT=34, 2min

LC-MS: m/z = 990.3 (M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1320.3 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 3957.4

Example 58

N ^ε20 -(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(octadecanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetylamino)ethoxy Base) ethoxy) acetylamino) ethoxy) -ethoxy) acetyl) [Lys ²⁰ ] Exendin-4(1-39)-amide

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC: (Method B6): RT = 37.7min

LC-MS: m/z = 1216.6 (M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1621.4 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 4861.5

Example 59

N ^ε36 -(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(4-(octadecanoylamino)-4(S)-carboxybutyrylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl Amino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)-[Arg ^26,34 ,Lys ³⁶ ]GLP-1(7-37)

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC: (Method B6): RT = 39.1 min

LC-MS: m/z = 1018.8 (M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1357.6 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 4070.6

Example 60

N ^ε26 -(2-[2-(2-[2-(2-[2-(17-carboxyheptadecanoylamino)ethoxy]ethoxy)acetylamino]ethoxy)ethoxy] Acetyl)[Arg ³⁴ ]GLP-1(7-37)-OH

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC: (Method B4): RT = 12.1 min

LCMS: m/z = 993.0 (M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1325.0 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 3970.0

Example 61

N ^ε26 -[2-(2-[2-(2-[2-(2-[4-(17-Carboxyheptadecanoylamino)-4(S)-carboxybutyrylamino]ethoxy)ethoxy Base] acetylamino) ethoxy] ethoxy) acetyl] [Arg ³⁴ ] GLP-1(7-37)-OH

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC: (Method B4): RT=11.8min

LCMS: m/z = 1026 (M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1368 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 4100

Example 62

N ^ε20 -(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(17-carboxyheptadecanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetylamino )ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl-amino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)[Lys ²⁰ ]Exendin-4(1-39)-amide

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC: (Method B6): RT=32, 3min

LC-MS: m/z = 1223.9 (M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1630.8 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 4891.5

Example 63

[Gly ⁸ , Glu ^{22, 23,} 30 , Arg 18, ²⁶ , 34 ] GLP-1(7-37)Lys(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(2-(17-Carboxydec Heptaacylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetylamino)ethoxy))ethoxy)acetyl) _-NH2

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC: (Method B6): RT=32.0min

HPLC: (Method A1): RT = 43.4min

LCMS: m/z = 1438.7 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 4311.8

Example 64

[Imidazolylpropionic acid ⁷ , Asp ¹⁶ , Aib ^{22, 35} ] GLP1(7-37)Lys NH((2-{[4-(17-carboxyheptadecanoylamino)butylcarbamoyl]methoxy} Ethoxy) Ethoxy))

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC: (Method B1): RT=32.5min

HPLC: (Method A1): RT=43.5min

LCMS: m/z = 1028.8 (M+4H) ⁴⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 4108.7

Example 65

[Imidazolylpropionic acid ⁷ , Aib ^{22, 35} ] GLP1(7-37)Lys NH((2-{[4-(17-carboxyheptadecanoylamino)butylcarbamoyl]methoxy}ethoxy )ethoxy))

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

HPLC: (Method B6): RT = 33.7min

HPLC: (Method A1): RT=44.8min

LCMS: m/z = 1024.8 (M+4H) ⁴⁺ , 1365.4 (M+3H) ³⁺ , calculated for (M+H) ⁺ = 4092.8

Example 66

[3-(5-imidazolyl) propionyl ⁷ , Aib ⁸ , Arg ^26,34 ]GLP-1(7-37)Lys{2-(2-(2-(2-[2-(2-(17 -carboxyheptanoylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy]acetylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)acetyl)}-OH

Compounds were prepared according to the methods in Example 1 and "General Synthetic Methods".

MALDI-MS: 4127 (MH ⁺ )

HPLC: Eluted at 25.5min = 50.6% CH ₃ CN

biological discovery

Prolonged effect of GLP-1 derivatives after intravenous or subcutaneous administration

The protracted effect of various GLP-1 derivatives of the invention was measured by monitoring their plasma concentrations following subcutaneous administration to healthy pigs using the method described below. For comparison, the concentration of GLP-1(7-37) in plasma after subcutaneous administration was also followed. The prolonging effect of other GLP-1 derivatives according to the invention can be determined in the same manner.

Pharmacokinetic test of GLP-1 analogues in miniature pigs

Test articles are dissolved in a vehicle suitable for subcutaneous or intravenous administration. The concentration is adjusted so that the dosing volume is about 1 ml.

小种猪(Ellegaard Minipigs ApS)中进行。在动物加入研究前容许约10天的适应期。在适应期开始时，小种猪约5月龄，体重范围8-10kg。Study in 12 males

Miniature pigs (Ellegaard Minipigs ApS). An acclimatization period of approximately 10 days was allowed before animals were enrolled in the study. At the beginning of the acclimatization period, the miniature pigs were about 5 months old and had a body weight ranging from 8-10 kg.

Studies were performed in suitable animal rooms with room temperature set at 21-23°C and relative humidity > 50%. The lighting cycle is 12 hours bright and 12 hours dark. The lighting hours are from 06:00 to 18:00.

Animals were housed in grass bedding pens of six per pen.

During the study, animals had free access to domestic quality drinking water, but were fasted from about 16:00 the day before dosing until about 12 hours after dosing.

Animals were weighed upon arrival and on dosing days.

Animals received one intravenous or subcutaneous injection. Subcutaneous injections were performed on the right side of the neck, approximately 5-7 cm from the ear and 7-9 cm from the middle of the neck. The needle of the syringe has a stopper that allows a 0.5 cm needle to penetrate the skin.

Three animals were injected with each test substance. The dose received by each animal was 2 nmol/kg body weight.

Six animals were dosed weekly while the remaining six rested.

Complete plasma concentration-time profiles were obtained from each animal. Blood samples were collected according to the following protocol:

After intravenous administration: predose (0), 0.17 (10 minutes), 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 hours after injection.

After subcutaneous application:

Before dosing (0), 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 hours after injection.

At each sampling time, 2 ml of blood was collected from each animal. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein.

Blood samples were collected into tubes containing buffer for stabilization to prevent enzymatic degradation of the GLP-1 analog.

Immediately transfer the plasma to Micronic tubes, transferring approximately 200 μl of plasma per tube. Plasma was stored at -20°C until assayed. Plasma samples were assayed for the content of GLP-1 analogues by immunoassay.

A non-compartmental pharmacokinetic analysis was performed on the plasma concentration-time profile. The following pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated for each condition: AUC, AUC/dose, AUC _{% Extrap} , C _max , t _max , λ _z , t _1/2 , CL, CL/f, V _z , V _z /f, and MRT.

Selected compounds of the invention were tested in Danish Landrace pigs.

Pharmacokinetic test of GLP-1 analogues in pigs

Pigs (50% Duroc, 25% Yorkshire, 25% Danish Landrace, about 40 kg) were fasted from the beginning of the experiment. In 50μM isotonic solution (5mM phosphate pH7.4, 0.02% Each pig was administered 0.5 nmol test compound/kg body weight in -20 (Merck), 45 mg/ml mannitol (pyrogenic free, Novo Nordisk). Blood samples were collected from a catheter in the jugular vein. A 5 ml blood sample was poured into a cold glass containing 175 μl of the following solutions: 0.18 MEDTA, 15000 KIE/ml aprotinin (Novo Nordisk), and 0.30 mM Valine-Pyrrolidide (Novo Nordisk) pH 7.4. Within 30 minutes, samples were centrifuged at 5-6000*g for 10 minutes. The temperature was maintained at 4°C. The supernatant was transferred to another glass and stored at -20°C until use.

Plasma concentrations of peptides were determined using different monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies in a sandwich ELISA or RIA. The choice of antibody depends on the GLP-1 derivative. The time to peak plasma concentration varies widely depending on the particular GLP-1 derivative chosen.

General assay protocol for sandwich ELISA in 96-well microtiter plates

Coating buffer (PBS): Phosphate buffered saline pH7.2

Wash buffer (PBS wash): Phosphate buffered saline, 0.05% v/v Tween 20 pH7.2 Assay buffer (BSA buffer): Phosphate buffered saline, 10g/L bovine serum albumin (Fluka 05477) , 0.05% v/v Tween 20 pH7.2

Streptavidin Buffer: Phosphate Buffered Saline, 0.5M NaCl, 0.05% v/v Tween 20 pH7.2

Standards: Various compounds in plasma matrix

A-TNP: Nonsens antibody

AMDEX: streptavidin-horseradish peroxidase (Amersham RPN4401V)

TMB substrate: 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (<0.02%), hydrogen peroxide

The assay (volume/well) was performed as follows:

1) Coat with 100 μl of 5 μg/ml capture antibody dissolved in PBS buffer

→ Keep warm at 4°C o/n

→ Wash 5 times with PBS washing solution

→ Block with final wash solution for at least 30 minutes

→ Then empty the plate

2) Add 20 μl sample and 100 μl biotinylated detection antibody dissolved in BSA buffer and 10 μg/ml A-TNP

→ Incubate on a shaker at room temperature for 2 hours

→ Wash 5 times with PBS washing solution

→ Then empty the plate

3) Add 100 μl AMDEX diluted 1:8000 in streptavidin buffer

→ Incubate on a shaker at room temperature for 45-60 minutes

→ Wash 5 times with PBS washing solution

→ Then empty the plate

4) Add 100μl TMB substrate

→ Incubate x minutes at room temperature on a shaker

→Add 100μl 4M H ₃ PO ₄ to stop the reaction

Read absorbance at 450nm, with 620nm as reference.

Concentrations in samples were calculated from the standard curve.

General Assay Protocol for RIA

DB buffer: 80mM phosphate buffer, 0.1% human serum albumin, 10mM EDTA, 0.6mM Thimerosal pH7.5

FAM buffer: 40mM phosphate buffer, 0.1% human serum albumin, 0.6mM Thimerosal pH7.5

Charcoal: 40 mM phosphate buffer, 0.6 mM thimerosal, 16.7% bovine plasma, 15 g/L activated carbon pH7.5 (mix the suspension at 4°C for at least 1 hour before use)

Standards: Various compounds in plasma matrix

Assays were performed in minisorp tubes 12 x 75mm (volume/tube) as follows:

Mix well; incubate at 4°C for 30 minutes; centrifuge at 3000rpm for 30 minutes; transfer the supernatant to a new tube, seal it with a stopper immediately, and count on a gamma counter for 1 minute. Concentrations in samples were calculated from the respective standard curves.

GLP-1 Radioreceptor Assay (RRA)

The method is a radioligand binding assay using LEADseeker imaging particles. The assay system consisted of membrane fragments containing the GLP-1 receptor, unlabeled GLP-1 analog, human GLP-1 labeled ^with125I , and PS LEADseeker particles coated with wheat germ agglutinin (WGA). Cold ^and125I -labeled GLP-1 will compete for receptor binding. After addition of LEADseeker particles, they will bind carbohydrate residues on membrane fragments via WGA residues. The proximity between the ¹²⁵ I molecule and the LEADseeker particle causes the particle to emit light. LEADseeker images the emitted light, and it is inversely proportional to the amount of GLP-1 analog present in the sample.

Reagents and Materials

Pretreatment of animal plasma: The animal plasma was heat-treated at 56° C. for 4 hours, and centrifuged at 10,000 rpm for 10 minutes. Then, Val-Pyr (10 μM) and aprotenin (500 KIE/ml) were added and stored at <-18°C until use.

GLP-1 analog calibrator: GLP-1 analog was spiked into heat-treated plasma to generate a dilution series ranging from approximately 1 μM to 1 pM.

GLP-1RRA assay buffer: 25 mM Na-HEPES (pH=7.5), 2.5 mM CaCl ₂ , 1 mM MgCl ₂ , 50 mM NaCl, 0.1% ovalbumin, 0.003% Tween 20, 0.005% bacitracin, 0.05% NaN ₃ .

GLP-1 receptor suspension: GLP-1 receptor membrane fragments were purified from baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells expressing human pancreatic GLP-1 receptor. Store at <-80°C until use.

WGA-coupled polystyrene LEADseeker imaging beads (RPNQ0260, Amersham): Beads were reconstituted with GLP-1 RRA assay buffer to a concentration of 13.3 mg/ml. The GLP-1 receptor membrane suspension was then added and incubated end-over-end at low temperature (2-8°C) for at least 1 hour before use.

[ ¹²⁵ I]-GLP-1(7-36)amide (Novo Nordisk A/S): Store at <-18°C until use.

99.9% (volume) ethanol (De Dansk Spritfabrikker A/S): Store at <-18°C until use.

Solvinert 0.45μm疏水性PTFE板(MSRPN0450，Millipore公司)

Solvinert 0.45 μm hydrophobic PTFE sheet (MSRPN0450, Millipore Corporation)

Polypropylene plate (Cat. No. 650201, Greiner Bio-One)

White polystyrene 384-well plates (Cat. No. 781075, Greiner Bio-One)

instrument

Horizontal plate mixer

Centrifuge fitted with a standard tipping bucket microtiter plate rotor

UltraVap-Drydown Sample Concentrator(Porvair)

LEADseeker ^TM Multimodality Imaging System (Amersham)

Inspection process

Sample Preparation:

 Solvinert滤板安装在化学相容的接收板(即聚丙烯板)上以收集滤出液。Will

Solvinert filter plates are mounted on chemically compatible receiver plates (ie, polypropylene plates) to collect filtrate.

Towards 150 μl of ice-cold 99.9% ethanol was added to the empty wells of Solvinert filter plates, followed by 50 μl of calibrators or plasma samples. Put the storage cap on the filter plate.

Incubate at 18-22°C for 15 minutes on a horizontal plate mixer.

Place the assembled filter and receiver plates with lids into a standard tipping bucket microtiter plate rotor. It was then centrifuged at 1500 rpm for 2 minutes and the filtrate was collected in the empty wells of the receiver plate.

The filtrate was dried with hot (40 °C) _N2 for 15 min using an UltraVap. Add 100 [mu]l GLP-1 RRA assay buffer to each well and allow dry matter to reconstitute. Incubate for 5 minutes on a horizontal mixer.

GLP-1 radioreceptor assay:

Use the following pipetting protocol and a white polystyrene 384-well plate:

35 μl GLP-1 RRA assay buffer

5 μl of reconstituted filtrate

• 10 μl of [ ¹²⁵ I]-GLP-1(7-36)amide. The stock solution was diluted to 20,000 cpm/well in GLP-1 RRA assay buffer before use.

15 μl of GLP-1 receptor membrane fragments (≈0.5 μg/well) pre-coated onto WGA-polystyrene LEADseeker imaging beads (0.2 mg/well)

The plates were sealed and incubated overnight at 18-22°C.

The luminescence of each well was detected for 10 minutes using a LEADseeker ^™ Multimodality Imaging System.

Stimulation of cAMP formation in cell lines expressing the cloned human GLP-1 receptor

Purified cell membranes from the stably transfected cell line BHK467-12A (tk-ts13) expressing the human GLP-1 receptor were stimulated with GLP-1 and peptide analogs and measured using the AlphaScreen ^TM cAMP Assay Kit (Perkin Elmer Life Sciences) Potency to generate cAMP.

Stably transfected cell lines were prepared at NN, and high-expressing clones were selected for screening. Cells were cultured in DMEM containing 5% FCS, 1% penicillin/streptomycin, and 0.5 mg/ml G418 at 5% _CO2 .

Approximately 80% confluent cells were washed twice with PBS and harvested with Versene, centrifuged at 1000 rpm for 5 minutes, and the supernatant removed. All other steps were performed on ice. Homogenize the cell pellet in 10ml buffer 1 (20mM Na-HEPES, 10mM EDTA, pH=7.4) with Ultrathurax for 20-30 seconds, centrifuge at 20,000rpm for 15 minutes, and resuspend the pellet in 10ml buffer 2 (20mM Na-HEPES - HEPES, 0.1 mM EDTA, pH=7.4). The suspension was homogenized for 20-30 seconds and centrifuged at 20,000 rpm for 15 minutes. The suspension in buffer 2, homogenization, and centrifugation were repeated once, and the membrane was resuspended in buffer 2 for further analysis or stored at -80°C.

Functional receptor assays are performed by measuring peptide-induced cAMP production using AlphaScreen technology. The basic principle of AlphaScreen technology is the competition between endogenous cAMP and exogenously added biotin-cAMP. Capture of cAMP is accomplished using specific antibodies conjugated to acceptor beads. Formed cAMP was counted and measured on an AlphaFusion Microplate Analyzer. _EC50 values were calculated using Graph-Pad Prisme software.

<110>Novo Nordisk A/S

<120> Albumin-binding derivatives of therapeutic peptides

<130>6692-WO

<160>5

<170>PatentIn version 3.1

<210>1

<211>31

<212>PRT

<213> Homo sapiens

<400>1

His Ala Glu Gly Thr Phe Thr Ser Asp Val Ser Ser Tyr Leu Glu Gly

1 5 10 15

Gln Ala Ala Lys Glu Phe Ile Ala Trp Leu Val Lys Gly Arg Gly

20 25 30

<210>2

<211>40

<212>PRT

<213> Synthetic constructs

<220>

<221>MISC_FEATURE

<222>(1)..(1)

<223> Xaa at position 1 is L-histidine, D-histidine, desamino-histidine, 2-amino-histidine, α-hydroxy-histidine, homohistidine, N- α-acetyl-histidine, α-fluoromethyl-histidine, α-methyl-histidine, 3-pyridylalanine, 2-pyridylalanine, or 4-pyridylalanine acid.

<220>

<221>MISC_FEATURE

<222>(2)..(2)

<223> Xaa at position 2 is Ala, Gly, Val, Leu, Ile, Lys, Aib, (1-aminocyclopropyl) carboxylic acid, (1-aminocyclobutyl) carboxylic acid, (1-aminocyclopentyl) base) carboxylic acid, (1-aminocyclohexyl) carboxylic acid, (1-aminocycloheptyl) carboxylic acid or (1-aminocyclooctyl) carboxylic acid.

<220>

<221>MISC_FEATURE

<222>(10)..(10)

<223> Xaa at position 10 is Val or Leu.

<220>

<221>MISC_FEATURE

<222>(12)..(12)

<223> Xaa at position 12 is Ser, Lys or Arg.

<220>

<221>MISC_FEATURE

<222>(13)..(13)

<223> Xaa at position 13 is Tyr or Gln.

<220>

<221>MISC_FEATURE

<222>(14)..(14)

<223> Xaa at position 14 is Leu or Met.

<220>

<221>MISC_FEATURE

<222>(16)..(16)

<223> Xaa at position 16 is Gly, Glu or Aib.

<220>

<221>MISC_FEATURE

<222>(17)..(17)

<223> Xaa at position 17 is Gln, Glu, Lys or Arg.

<220>

<221>MISC_FEATURE

<222>(19)..(19)

<223> Xaa at position 19 is Ala or Val.

<220>

<221>MISC_FEATURE

<222>(20)..(20)

<223> Xaa at position 20 is Lys, Glu or Arg.

<220>

<221>MISC_FEATURE

<222>(21)..(21)

<223> Xaa at position 21 is Glu or Leu.

<220>

<221>MISC_FEATURE

<222>(24)..(24)

<223> Xaa at position 24 is Ala, Glu or Arg.

<220>

<221>MISC_FEATURE

<222>(27)..(27)

<223> Xaa at position 27 is Val or Lys.

<220>

<221>MISC_FEATURE

<222>(28)..(28)

<223> Xaa at position 28 is Lys, Glu, Asn or Arg.

<220>

<221>MISC_FEATURE

<222>(29)..(29)

<223> Xaa at position 29 is Gly or Aib.

<220>

<221>MISC_FEATURE

<222>(30)..(30)

<223> Xaa at position 30 is Arg, Gly or Lys.

<220>

<221>MISC_FEATURE

<222>(31)..(31)

<223> Xaa at position 31 is Gly, Ala, Glu, Pro, Lys, amide or absent.

<220>

<221>MISC_FEATURE

<222>(32)..(32)

<223> Xaa at position 32 is Lys, Ser, amide or absent.

<220>

<221>MISC_FEATURE

<222>(33)..(33)

<223> Xaa at position 33 is Ser, Lys, amide or absent.

<220>

<221>MISC_FEATURE

<222>(34)..(34)

<223> Xaa at position 34 is Gly, amide or absent.

<220>

<221>MISC_FEATURE

<222>(35)..(35)

<223> Xaa at position 35 is Ala, amide or absent.

<220>

<221>MISC_FEATURE

<222>(36)..(36)

<223> Xaa at position 36 is Pro, amide or absent.

<220>

<221>MISC_FEATURE

<222>(37)..(37)

<223> Xaa at position 37 is Pro, amide or absent.

<220>

<221>MISC_FEATURE

<222>(38)..(38)

<223> Xaa at position 38 is Pro, amide or absent.

<220>

<221>MISC_FEATURE

<222>(39)..(39)

<223> Xaa at position 39 is Ser, amide or absent.

<220>

<221>MISC_FEATURE

<222>(40)..(40)

<223> Xaa at position 40 is amide or absent.

<400>2

Xaa Xaa Glu Gly Thr Phe Thr Ser Asp Xaa Ser Xaa Xaa Xaa Glu Xaa

1 5 10 15

Xaa Ala Xaa Xaa Xaa Phe Ile Xaa Trp Leu Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa

20 25 30

Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa

35 40

<210>3

<211>32

<212>PRT

<213> Synthetic constructs

<220>

<221>MISC_FEATURE

<222>(1)..(1)

<223> Xaa at position 1 is L-histidine, D-histidine, desamino-histidine, 2-amino-histidine, α-hydroxy-histidine, homohistidine, N- α-acetyl-histidine, α-fluoromethyl-histidine, α-methyl-histidine, 3-pyridylalanine, 2-pyridylalanine, or 4-pyridylalanine acid.

<220>

<221>MISC_FEATURE

<222>(2)..(2)

<223> Xaa at position 2 is Ala, Gly, Val, Leu, Ile, Lys, Aib, (1-aminocyclopropyl) carboxylic acid, (1-aminocyclobutyl) carboxylic acid, (1-aminocyclopentyl) base) carboxylic acid, (1-aminocyclohexyl) carboxylic acid, (1-aminocycloheptyl) carboxylic acid or (1-aminocyclooctyl) carboxylic acid.

<220>

<221>MISC_FEATURE

<222>(12)..(12)

<223> Xaa at position 12 is Ser, Lys or Arg.

<220>

<221>MISC_FEATURE

<222>(16)..(16)

<223> Xaa at position 16 is Gly, Glu or Aib.

<220>

<221>MISC_FEATURE

<222>(17)..(17)

<223> Xaa at position 17 is Gln, Gly, Lys or Arg.

<220>

<221>MISC_FEATURE

<222>(20)..(20)

<223> Xaa at position 20 is Lys, Glu or Arg.

<220>

<221>MISC_FEATURE

<222>(24)..(24)

<223> Xaa at position 24 is Ala, Glu or Arg.

<220>

<221>MISC_FEATURE

<222>(28)..(28)

<223> Xaa at position 28 is Lys, Glu or Arg.

<220>

<221>MISC_FEATURE

<222>(29)..(29)

<223> Xaa at position 29 is Gly or Aib.

<220>

<221>MISC_FEATURE

<222>(30)..(30)

<223> Xaa at position 30 is Arg or Lys..

<220>

<221>MISC_FEATURE

<222>(31)..(31)

<223> Xaa at position 31 is Gly, Ala, Glu or Lys.

<220>

<221>MISC_FEATURE

<222>(32)..(32)

<223> Xaa at position 32 is Lys, amide or absent.

<400>3

Xaa Xaa Glu Gly Thr Phe Thr Ser Asp Val Ser Xaa Tyr Leu Glu Xaa

1 5 10 15

Xaa Ala Ala Xaa Glu Phe Ile Xaa Trp Leu Val Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa Xaa

20 25 30

<210>4

<211>39

<212>PRT

<213> Gila monster

<220>

<221>MISC_FEATURE

<222>(39)..(39)

<223>Carboxyl group amidation.

<400>4

His Gly Glu Gly Thr Phe Thr Ser Asp Leu Ser Lys Gln Met Glu Glu

1 5 10 15

Glu Ala Val Arg Leu Phe Ile Glu Trp Leu Lys Asn Gly Gly Pro Ser

20 25 30

Ser Gly Ala Pro Pro Pro Ser

35

<210>5

<211>44

<212>PRT

<213> Synthetic constructs

<220>

<221>MISC_FEATURE

<222>(44)..(44)

<223>Carboxyl group amidation.

<400>5

His Gly Glu Gly Thr Phe Thr Ser Asp Leu Ser Lys Gln Met Glu Glu

1 5 10 15

Glu Ala Val Arg Leu Phe Ile Glu Trp Leu Lys Asn Gly Gly Pro Ser

20 25 30

Ser Gly Ala Pro Pro Ser Lys Lys Lys Lys Lys Lys Lys

35 40

Claims (75)

CLAIMS 1. A compound comprising a therapeutic polypeptide, wherein the therapeutic polypeptide is linked to an albumin binding residue by a hydrophilic spacer. 2. A compound comprising a therapeutic polypeptide, wherein the therapeutic polypeptide binds to the albumin binding residue via a hydrophilic spacer -(CH ₂ ) ₁ D[(CH ₂ ) _n E] _m (CH ₂ ) _p Q _q - connected to the base, where l, m, and n are independently 1-20 and p is 0-10, Q is -Z-( _CH2 ) _1D [( _CH2 ) _nG ] _m ( _CH2 ) _p- , q is an integer from 0-5, D, E, and G are each independently selected from -O-, -NR ³ -, -N(COR ⁴ )-, -PR ⁵ (O)-, and -P(OR ⁶ )(O)-, wherein R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ , and R ⁶ independently represent hydrogen or C _1-6 alkyl, Z is selected from -C(O)NH-, -C(O)NHCH ₂ -, -OC(O)NH-, -C(O)NHCH ₂ CH ₂ -, -C(O)CH ₂ -, -C (O)CH=CH-, -( _CH2 ) _s- , -C(O)-, -C(O)O-, or -NHC(O)-, wherein s is 0 or 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof. 3. according to the compound of claim 2, it has general formula (I): A-W-B-Y-therapeutic polypeptide (I), in A is an albumin binding residue, B is a hydrophilic spacer -(CH ₂ ) ₁ D[(CH ₂ ) _n E] _m (CH ₂ ) _p Q _q -, where l, m, and n are independently 1-20 and p is 0-10, Q is -Z-( _CH2 ) _1D [( _CH2 ) _nG ] _m ( _CH2 ) _p- , q is an integer from 0-5, D, E, and G are each independently selected from -O-, -NR ³ -, -N(COR ⁴ )-, -PR ⁵ (O)-, and -P(OR ⁶ )(O)-, wherein R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ , and R ⁶ independently represent hydrogen or C _1-6 alkyl, Z is selected from -C(O)NH-, -C(O)NHCH ₂ -, -OC(O)NH-, -C(O)NHCH ₂ CH ₂ -, -C(O)CH ₂ -, -C (O)CH=CH-, -( _CH2 ) _s- , -C(O)-, -C(O)O-, or -NHC(O)-, wherein s is 0 or 1, Y is a chemical group linking B to the therapeutic agent, and W is the chemical group connecting A and B. 4. according to the compound of claim 2, it has general formula (II): A-W-B-Y-therapeutic polypeptide-Y'-B'-W'-A' (II), in A and A' are albumin binding residues, B and B' are hydrophilic spacers independently selected from -(CH ₂ ) ₁ D[(CH ₂ ) _n E] _m (CH ₂ ) _p -Q _q -, wherein l, m, and n are independently 1-20 and p is 0-10, Q is -Z-( _CH2 ) _1D [( _CH2 ) _nG ] _m ( _CH2 ) _p- , q is an integer from 0-5, D, E, and G are each independently selected from -O-, -NR ³ -, -N(COR ⁴ )-, -PR ⁵ (O)-, and -P(OR ⁶ )(O)-, wherein R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ , and R ⁶ independently represent hydrogen or C _1-6 alkyl, Z is selected from -C(O)NH-, -C(O)NHCH ₂ -, -OC(O)NH-, -C(O)NHCH ₂ CH ₂ -, -C(O)CH ₂ -, -C (O)CH=CH-, -( _CH2 ) _s- , -C(O)-, -C(O)O-, or -NHC(O)-, wherein s is 0 or 1, Y is the chemical group linking B to the therapeutic agent and Y' is the chemical group linking B' to the therapeutic agent, and W is the chemical group connecting A and B, and W' is the chemical group connecting A' and B'. 5. The compound according to claim 4, wherein Y' is selected from the group consisting of -C(O)NH-, -NHC(O)-, -C(O) _NHCH2- , _-CH2NHC (O)-, -OC(O)NH-, -NHC(O)O-, -C(O)NHCH ₂ -, CH ₂ NHC(O)-, -C(O)CH ₂ -, -CH ₂ C(O)- , -C(O)CH=CH-, -CH=CHC(O)-, -(CH ₂ ) _s -, -C(O)-, -C(O)O-, -OC(O)-, -NHC(O)-, and -C(O)NH-, wherein s is 0 or 1 . 6. The compound according to any one of claims 4-5, wherein W' is selected from the group consisting of -C(O)NH-, -NHC(O)-, -C(O)NHCH ₂ -, -CH ₂ NHC (O)-, -OC(O)NH-, -NHC(O)O-, -C(O)CH ₂ -, -CH ₂ C(O)-, -C(O)CH=CH-, - CH=CHC(O)-, -( _CH2 ) _s- , -C(O)-, -C(O)O-, -OC(O)-, -NHC(O)-, and -C(O )NH-, wherein s is 0 or 1. 7. according to the compound of claim 2, it has general formula (III):

in A and A' are albumin binding residues, B is a hydrophilic spacer selected from -(CH ₂ ) ₁ D[(CH ₂ ) _n E] _m (CH ₂ ) _p -Q _q -, wherein l, m, and n are independently 1-20 and p is 0-10, Q is -Z-( _CH2 ) _1D [( _CH2 ) _nG ] _m ( _CH2 ) _p- , q is an integer from 0-5, D, E, and G are each independently selected from -O-, -NR ³ -, -N(COR ⁴ )-, -PR ⁵ (O)-, and -P(OR ⁶ )(O)-, wherein R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ , and R ⁶ independently represent hydrogen or C _1-6 alkyl, Z is selected from -C(O)NH-, -C(O)NHCH ₂ -, -OC(O)NH-, -C(O)NHCH ₂ CH ₂ -, -C(O)CH ₂ -, -C (O)CH=CH-, -(CH ₂ )s-, -C(O)-, -C(O)O-, or -NHC(O)-, wherein s is 0 or 1, Y is a chemical group linking B to the therapeutic agent, and W" is the chemical group linking B to A and A'. 8. The compound according to claim 7, wherein W" is selected from the group consisting of:

where s is 0, 1, or 2. 9. The compound according to any one of claims 3-8, wherein Y is selected from the group consisting of -C(O)NH-, -NHC(O)-, -C(O) _NHCH2- , _-CH2NHC ( O)-, -OC(O)NH-, -NHC(O)O-, -C(O)NHCH ₂ -, CH ₂ NHC(O)-, -C(O)CH ₂ -, -CH ₂ C (O)-, -C(O)CH=CH-, -CH=CHC(O)-, -(CH ₂ ) _s -, -C(O)-, -C(O)O-, -OC( O)-, -NHC(O)-, and -C(O)NH-, wherein s is 0 or 1. 10. The compound according to any one of claims 3-9, wherein W is selected from the group consisting of -C(O)NH-, -NHC(O)-, -C(O) _NHCH2- , _-CH2NHC ( O)-, -OC(O)NH-, -NHC(O)O-, -C(O)CH ₂ -, -CH ₂ C(O)-, -C(O)CH=CH-, -CH =CHC(O)-, -( _CH2 ) _s- , -C(O)-, -C(O)O-, -OC(O)-, -NHC(O)-, and -C(O) NH-, where s is 0 or 1. 11. The compound according to any one of claims 2-10, wherein 1 is 1 or 2, n and m are independently 1-10, and p is 0-10. 12. Compounds according to any one of claims 2-11, wherein D is -O-. 13. A compound according to any one of claims 2-12, wherein E is -O-. 14. The compound according to any one of claims 2-10, wherein the hydrophilic spacer is -CH ₂ O [(CH ₂ ) ₂ O] _m (CH ₂ ) _p Q _q -, wherein m is 1-10, p is 1-3, and Q is -Z- _CH2O [( _CH2 ) _2O ] _m ( _CH2 ) _p- . 15. A compound according to any preceding claim, wherein q is 0 or 1 . 16. A compound according to any preceding claim, wherein q is 1 . 17. A compound according to any one of claims 2-10 and 12-15, wherein G is -O-. 18. A compound according to any preceding claim, wherein Z is selected from the group consisting of -C(O)NH-, -C(O) _NHCH2- , and -OC(O)NH-. 19. The compound according to any one of claims 2-15, wherein q is zero. 20. Compounds according to any one of claims 2-13, wherein 1 is 2. 21. A compound according to any preceding claim, wherein n is 2. 22. The compound according to any one of claims 2-15, _wherein the hydrophilic spacer B is - _{[ CH2CH2O} ] _m+1 ( _CH2 ) _pQq- . 23. The compound according to any one of claims 2-15, wherein the hydrophilic spacer B is -(CH ₂ ) ₁ -O-[(CH ₂ ) _n -O] _m -(CH ₂ ) _p -[C (O)NH-(CH ₂ ) ₁ -O-[(CH ₂ ) _n -O] _m -(CH ₂ ) _p ] _q -, wherein l, m, n, and p are independently 1-5, and q is 0-5. 24. A compound according to any preceding claim, wherein -W-B-Y- is selected from the group consisting of:

and

25. The compound according to claim 7, wherein >W"-B-Y- is 26. A compound according to any preceding claim, wherein A is selected from the group consisting of:

Wherein the chiral carbon atom is R or S,

Wherein the chiral carbon atom is R or S,

Wherein the chiral carbon atom is R or S,

where the two chiral carbon atoms are independently R or S,

where the two chiral carbon atoms are independently R or S, where the two chiral carbon atoms are independently L or D, Wherein the chiral carbon atom is R or S,

Wherein the chiral carbon atom is R or S,

where the two chiral carbon atoms are independently R or S,

where the two chiral carbon atoms are independently R or S,

and

27. A compound according to any preceding claim, wherein the molar amount of the hydrophilic spacer is in the range 80-1000D, or in the range 80-300D. 28. A compound according to any preceding claim, wherein said albumin binding residue is a lipophilic residue. 29. A compound according to any preceding claim, wherein said albumin binding residue is non-covalently bound to albumin. 30. A compound according to any preceding claim, wherein said albumin binding residue is negatively charged at physiological pH. 31. A compound according to any preceding claim, wherein said albumin binding residue has a binding affinity for human serum albumin of less than about 10 [mu]M or less than about 1 [mu]M. 32. A compound according to any preceding claim, wherein the albumin binding residue is selected from the group consisting of: linear alkyl groups, branched alkyl groups, groups with omega-carboxylic acid groups, partially or fully hydrogenated cyclopentane And the Philippine ring skeleton. 33. A compound according to any preceding claim, wherein said albumin binding residue is a cibacronyl residue. 34. A compound according to any preceding claim, wherein the albumin binding residue has 6-40 carbon atoms, 8-26 carbon atoms, or 8-20 carbon atoms. 35. A compound according to any preceding claim, wherein said albumin binding residue is a peptide, such as a peptide comprising less than 40 amino acid residues. 36. A compound according to any preceding claim, wherein the albumin binding residue is attached to the epsilon-amino group of a lysine residue in the therapeutic polypeptide via a spacer and a linker. 37. A compound according to any preceding claim, wherein the albumin binding residue is attached to an amino acid selected from cysteine, glutamic acid, or aspartic acid in the therapeutic polypeptide via a spacer and a linker residue linker. 38. A compound according to any preceding claim, wherein the therapeutic polypeptide is a GLP-1 peptide. 39. The compound according to claim 34, wherein said polypeptide is a GLP-1 peptide comprising the amino acid sequence of general formula (IV): Xaa ₇ -Xaa ₈ -Glu-Gly-Thr-Phe-Thr-Ser-Asp-Xaa ₁₆ -Ser-Xaa ₁₈ -Xaa ₁₉ -Xaa ₂₀ -Glu-Xaa ₂₂ -Xaa ₂₃ -Ala-Xaa ₂₅ -Xaa ₂₆ - Xaa ₂₇ -Phe-Ile-Xaa ₃₀ -Trp-Leu-Xaa ₃₃ -Xaa ₃₄ -Xaa ₃₅ -Xaa _{36 -Xaa 37 -Xaa 38 -Xaa 39 -Xaa 40} -Xaa ₄₁ -Xaa ₄₂ -Xaa ₄₃ -Xaa ₄₄ - Xaa ₄₅ -Xaa ₄₆ General formula (IV) (SEQ ID NO:2) in Xaa ₇ is L-histidine, D-histidine, deaminohistidine, 2-amino-histidine, β-hydroxy-histidine, homohistidine, N ^α -acetyl-histidine acid, α-fluoromethyl-histidine, α-methyl-histidine, 3-pyridylalanine, 2-pyridylalanine, or 4-pyridylalanine; Xaa ₈ is alanine, glycine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, lysine, Aib, (1-aminocyclopropyl)carboxylic acid, (1-aminocyclobutyl)carboxylic acid, (1-aminocyclopentyl)carboxylic acid, (1-aminocyclohexyl)carboxylic acid, (1-aminocycloheptyl)carboxylic acid, or (1-aminocyclooctyl)carboxylic acid; Xaa ₁₆ is Val or Leu; Xaa ₁₈ is Ser, Lys, or Arg; Xaa ₁₉ is Tyr or Gln; Xaa ₂₀ is Leu or Met; Xaa ₂₂ is Gly, Glu, or Aib; Xaa ₂₃ is Gln, Glu, Lys, or Arg; Xaa ₂₅ is Ala or Val; Xaa ₂₆ is Lys, Glu, or Arg; Xaa ₂₇ is Glu or Leu; Xaa ₃₀ is Ala, Glu, or Arg; Xaa ₃₃ is Val or Lys; Xaa ₃₄ is Lys, Glu, Asn, or Arg; Xaa ₃₅ is Gly or Aib; Xaa ₃₆ is Arg, Gly, or Lys; Xaa ₃₇ is Gly, Ala, Glu, Pro, Lys, amide or absent; Xaa ₃₈ is Lys, Ser, amide or absent; Xaa ₃₉ is Ser, Lys, amide or absent; Xaa ₄₀ is Gly, amide or absent; Xaa ₄₁ is Ala, amide or absent; Xaa ₄₂ is Pro, amide or absent; Xaa ₄₃ is Pro, amide or absent; Xaa ₄₄ is Pro, amide or absent; Xaa ₄₅ is Ser, amide or absent; Xaa ₄₆ is an amide or is absent; If Xaa ₃₈ , Xaa ₃₉ , Xaa ₄₀ , Xaa ₄₁ , Xaa ₄₂ , Xaa _{43 , Xaa 44 ,} Xaa ₄₅ , or Xaa ₄₆ are absent, then every amino acid residue downstream is also absent. 40. The compound according to claim 39, wherein said polypeptide is a GLP-1 peptide comprising the amino acid sequence of general formula (V): Xaa ₇ -Xaa ₈ -Glu-Gly-Thr-Phe-Thr-Ser-Asp-Val-Ser-Xaa ₁₈ -Tyr-Leu-Glu-Xaa ₂₂ -Xaa ₂₃ -Ala-Ala-Xaa ₂₆ -Glu-Phe- Ile-Xaa ₃₀ -Trp-Leu-Val-Xaa ₃₄ -Xaa ₃₅ -Xaa ₃₆ -Xaa ₃₇ -Xaa ₃₈ General formula (V) (SEQ ID NO:3) in Xaa ₇ is L-histidine, D-histidine, deaminohistidine, 2-amino-histidine, β-hydroxy-histidine, homohistidine, N ^α -acetyl-histidine acid, α-fluoromethyl-histidine, α-methyl-histidine, 3-pyridylalanine, 2-pyridylalanine, or 4-pyridylalanine; Xaa ₈ is alanine, glycine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, lysine, Aib, (1-aminocyclopropyl)carboxylic acid, (1-aminocyclobutyl)carboxylic acid, (1-aminocyclopentyl)carboxylic acid, (1-aminocyclohexyl)carboxylic acid, (1-aminocycloheptyl)carboxylic acid, or (1-aminocyclooctyl)carboxylic acid; Xaa ₁₈ is Ser, Lys, or Arg; Xaa ₂₂ is Gly, Glu, or Aib; Xaa ₂₃ is Gln, Glu, Lys, or Arg; Xaa ₂₆ is Lys, Glu, or Arg; Xaa ₃₀ is Ala, Glu, or Arg; Xaa ₃₄ is Lys, Glu, or Arg; Xaa ₃₅ is Gly or Aib; Xaa ₃₆ is Arg or Lys; Xaa ₃₇ is Gly, Ala, Glu, or Lys; Xaa ₃₈ is Lys, amide or absent. 41. The compound according to any one of claims 38-40, wherein the GLP-1 peptide is selected from the group consisting of GLP-1(7-35), GLP-1(7-36), GLP-1(7-36) -amide, GLP-1(7-37), GLP-1(7-38), GLP-1(7-39), GLP-1(7-40), GLP-1(7-41) or similar . 42. The compound according to any one of claims 38-41, wherein the GLP-1 peptide comprises no more than 15 amino acid residues substituted compared to GLP-1(7-37) (SEQ ID NO:1) , addition, or deletion, or a substitution, addition, or deletion comprising no more than 10 amino acid residues compared to GLP-1(7-37) (SEQ ID NO: 1). 43. The compound according to claim 42, wherein said GLP-1 peptide comprises no more than 6 amino acid residues substituted, added, or deleted compared to GLP-1(7-37) (SEQ ID NO: 1) . 44. The compound according to any one of claims 42-43, wherein said GLP-1 comprises no more than 4 amino acid residues not encoded by the genetic code. 45. The compound according to claim 38, wherein said GLP-1 peptide is a DPPIV protected GLP-1 peptide. 46. The compound according to claim 38, wherein said compound is DPPIV stabilized. 47. A compound according to any one of claims 38-46, wherein said GLP-1 peptide comprises an Aib residue at position 8. 48. The compound according to any one of claims 38-47, wherein the amino acid residue at position 7 of the GLP-1 peptide is selected from the group consisting of D-histidine, deaminohistidine, 2-amino-histidine acid, β-hydroxy-histidine, homohistidine, N ^α -acetyl-histidine, α-fluoromethyl-histidine, α-methyl-histidine, 3-pyridylalanine acid, 2-pyridylalanine, and 4-pyridylalanine. 49. The compound according to any one of claims 38-48, wherein said GLP-1 peptide is selected from the group consisting of: Arg ³⁴ GLP-1 (7-37), Lys ³⁸ Arg ^26,34 GLP-1 (7-38 ), Lys ³⁸ Arg ^{26, 34} GLP-1(7-38)-OH, Lys ³⁶ Arg ^{26, 34} GLP-1(7-36), Aib ^{8, 22, 35} GLP-1(7-37), Aib ^{8, 35} GLP-1(7-37), Aib ^{8, 22} GLP-1(7-37), Aib ^{8, 22, 35} Arg 26, 34 Lys ³⁸ GLP-1(7-38), Aib ^{8, 35} Arg ^{26, 34} Lys ³⁸ GLP-1 (7-38), Aib ⁸ , 22 Arg ²⁶ , 34 Lys ³⁸ GLP-1 (7-38), Aib 8, 22, 35 Arg ^{26 , 34} Lys ³⁸ GLP-1 ( 7-38), Aib ^{8, 35} Arg ^{26, 34} Lys ³⁸ GLP-1 (7-38), Aib ^{8, 22} , ³⁵ Arg 26 LyS ³⁸ GLP-1 (7-38), Aib ^{8, 35} Arg ²⁶ Lys ³⁸ GLP-1(7-38), Aib ^{8, 22} Arg ²⁶ Lys ³⁸ GLP-1(7-38), Aib ^{8, 22,} 35 Arg ³⁴ Lys ³⁸ GLP-1(7-38), Aib ^{8, 35} Arg ³⁴ Lys ³⁸ GLP-1(7-38), Aib ^{8, 22} Arg ³⁴ Lys ³⁸ GLP-1(7-38), Aib 8, ^{22, 35} Ala ³⁷ Lys ³⁸ GLP-1(7-38), Aib ^{8, 35} Ala ³⁷ Lys ³⁸ GLP-1 (7-38), Aib ⁸ , 22 Ala ³⁷ Lys ³⁸ GLP-1 (7-38), Aib 8, ^{22, 35} Lys ³⁷ GLP-1 (7-37), Aib ^8,35 Lys ³⁷ GLP-1(7-37), and Aib ^8,22 Lys ³⁷ GLP-1(7-38). 50. The compound according to any one of claims 38-49, wherein the GLP-1 peptide is attached to the amino acid residue at position 23, 26, 34, 36, or 38 relative to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 on the hydrophilic spacer. 51. A compound according to any one of claims 38-41, wherein said GLP-1 peptide is exendin-4. 52. The compound according to any one of claims 38-41, wherein said GLP-1 peptide is ZP-10, HGEGTFTSDLSKQMEEEAVRLFIEWLKNGGPSSGAPPSKKKKKK-amide. 53. The compound according to any one of claims 38-52, wherein an albumin binding residue is attached to the C-terminal amino acid residue of the GLP-1 peptide via the hydrophilic spacer. 54. A compound according to claim 53, wherein another albumin binding residue is attached to an amino acid residue other than the C-terminal amino acid residue. 55. The compound according to any one of claims 1-37, wherein said therapeutic polypeptide is a GLP-2 peptide. 56. The compound according to claim 55, wherein said GLP-2 peptide is a DPPIV protected GLP-2 peptide. 57. The compound according to claim 55, wherein said GLP-2 peptide is ^Gly2- GLP-2(1-33). 58. The compound according to claim 55, wherein said GLP-2 peptide is ^{Lys17Arg30 -} GLP-2(1-33). 59. A compound according to any one of claims 1-37, wherein said therapeutic polypeptide is human insulin or an analog thereof. 60. The compound according to claim 59, wherein said therapeutic polypeptide is selected from the group consisting of: Asp ^B28 -human insulin, Lys ^B28 , Pro ^B29 -human insulin, Lys ^B3 , Glu ^B29 -human insulin, Gly ^A21 , Arg ^B31 , Arg ^B32 - human insulin, and des(B30) human insulin. 61. A compound according to any one of claims 1-37, wherein said therapeutic polypeptide is human growth hormone or an analog thereof. 62. A compound according to any one of claims 1-37, wherein said therapeutic polypeptide is parathyroid hormone or an analog thereof. 63. A compound according to any one of claims 1-37, wherein said therapeutic polypeptide is human follicle stimulating hormone or an analog thereof. 64. The compound according to any one of claims 1-37, wherein the molar amount of the therapeutic polypeptide is less than 100 kDa, less than 50 kDa, or less than 10 kDa. 65. The compound according to any one of claims 1-37, wherein the therapeutic polypeptide is selected from the group consisting of growth factors such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha), transforming growth factor Beta (TGF-β), epidermal growth factor (EGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF); somatomodulin, such as insulin growth factor I (IGF-I), insulin growth factor II (IFG-II), erythropoietin (EPO), thrombopoietin (TPO), or angiopoietin; interferon, prourokinase, urokinase, tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, Plasminogen activator inhibitor 2, vascular pseudovascular factor; cytokines, such as interleukins (IL) such as IL-1, IL-1Ra, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-9, IL-11, IL-12, IL-13, IL-15, IL-16, IL-17, IL-18, IL-20, or IL-21, colony stimulating factors (CFS) such as GM- CSF, stem cell factor, tumor necrosis factor such as TNF-α, lymphotoxin-α, lymphotoxin-β, CD40L, or CD30L; protease inhibitors such as aprotinin; enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, asparaginase , arginase, arginine deaminase, adenosine deaminase, ribonuclease, catalase, uricase, bilirubin oxidase, trypsin, papain, alkaline phosphatase, β- Glucuronidase, purine nucleoside phosphorylase, or batroxobin; opioids, such as endorphins, enkephalins, or unnatural opioids; hormones or neuropeptides, such as calcitonin, pancreatic Glucagon, gastrin, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cholecystokinin, luteinizing hormone, gonadotropin-releasing hormone, chorionic gonadotropin, corticotropin-releasing factor, vasopressin, oxytocin, anti Diuretic hormone, thyrotropin, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, relaxin, prolactin, YY peptide, Y neuropeptide, pancreatic polypeptide, leptin, CART (cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript), CART-related peptide, lipid droplets Associated proteins, melanocortin (melanostimulating hormone) such as MC-4, melanin-concentrating hormone, natriuretic peptide, adrenomedullin, endothelin, secretin, dextrin, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), activatable Polypeptide of pituitary adenylate cyclase (PACAP), bombesin, bombesin-like peptide, thymosin, heparin-binding protein, soluble CD4, hypothalamic release factor, melatonin, and the like. 66. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound according to any one of claims 1-65 and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. 67. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 66, which is suitable for parenteral administration. 68. Use of a compound according to any one of claims 1-65 for the manufacture of a medicament. 69. The compound according to any one of claims 38-54 is used for the preparation of treatment or prevention of hyperglycemia, type 2 diabetes, glucose intolerance, type 1 diabetes, obesity, hypertension, syndrome X, dyslipidemia, cognition disorders, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, coronary heart disease and other cardiovascular diseases, stroke, inflammatory bowel syndrome, dyspepsia, and gastric ulcer. 70. Use of a compound according to any one of claims 38-54 for the manufacture of a medicament for delaying or preventing the development of type 2 diabetes disease. 71. The compound according to any one of claims 38-54 is used for the preparation of reducing food intake, reducing β-cell apoptosis, improving β-cell function and β-cell quality, and/or restoring β-cell glucose sensitivity Drug use. 72. Use of a compound according to any one of claims 55-58 for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of small bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel syndrome, or Crohn's disease. 73. Use of a compound according to any one of claims 59-60 for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment or prevention of hyperglycemia, type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, or beta-cell deficiency.