CN101356832B - High resolution autostereoscopic display apparatus with interlaced image - Google Patents
High resolution autostereoscopic display apparatus with interlaced image Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
An autostereoscopic display apparatus includes a backlight unit, a polarizing plate disposed in front of the backlight unit; a display panel displaying a left eye image and a right eye image by interlacing pixel lines of the left and right eye images alternately and sequentially; a lenticular lens sheet, disposed between the polarizing plate and the display panel, separating light emitted from the backlight unit into a left eye zone and a right eye zone; and a polarization switch controlling a polarization direction of light proceeding towards the left eye viewing zone so that light is incident on pixel lines of the display panel displaying the left eye image and a polarization direction of light proceeding towards the right eye viewing zone so that light is incident on pixel lines of the display panel displaying the right eye image, in synchronization with a vertical scanning time of the display panel.
Description
Technical field
The equipment consistent with the present invention relates to a kind of high-resolution autostereoscopic display, more particularly, relate to a kind of high resolution autostereoscopic display apparatus that resolution does not reduce and do not have to crosstalk with interlacing scan method (interlaced method) display image the time.
Background technology
Auto-stereoscopic display device is used for the image that presents the image that is used for left eye of binocular parallax and be used for right eye is shown to respectively beholder's left eye and right eye.Left-eye image and eye image that the beholder can be provided by auto-stereoscopic display device by two retina identification, thus see 3D rendering.Auto-stereoscopic display device comprises the equipment that utilizes the disparity barrier method and utilizes the equipment of particulate lens (lenticular) method.
According to the disparity barrier method, the image that will be seen by left eye and right eye with the vertical mode Alternation Display, and utilize extremely thin vertical grid (that is barrier) to watch the image of demonstration.Like this, the vertical mode image that is used for left eye is separated by barrier with the vertical mode image that is used for right eye, makes left eye and right eye see the image of different points of view, thereby forms autostereoscopic image.In addition, as shown in Figure 1, the particulate lens-type auto-stereoscopic display device of prior art comprises: display floater 11 alternately shows the picture signal that is used for left eye and right eye; Particulate lens board 12 is installed in before the display floater 11, separates image that is used for left eye and the image that is used for right eye.
Yet, particulate lens-type auto-stereoscopic display device for above-mentioned prior art, owing to shows the image that is used for left eye and the image that is used for right eye simultaneously by single display floater 11, thus the resolution of the stereo-picture that the user saw be reduced to display floater 11 original resolution 1/2.In addition, in order to carry out the change action between 2D image model and the 3D rendering pattern, need very complicated additional structure.
Therefore, developed a kind of timesharing (time-sharing) type auto-stereoscopic display device, this auto-stereoscopic display device has the fast response liquid crystal display (LCD) of the refresh rate of 120Hz by utilization, and the stereo-picture that does not reduce resolution can be provided.
For example, disclose a kind of auto-stereoscopic display device during the 2004-325494 Japan Patent is open, this auto-stereoscopic display device comprises display floater, separation of images unit and light deflection unit.In the auto-stereoscopic display device of above-mentioned disclosed prior art, display floater periodically makes the left eye of Alternation Display and eye image according to pixel shift.The separation of images unit (as disparity barrier) that is arranged in the prior art on the front surface of display floater will be separated with eye image by the left-eye image of display floater Alternation Display.With regard to this point, the image deviation that will be used for left eye with the light deflection unit of the left and right sidesing shifting cycle synchronisation of display floater ground periodic shift is to left eye, and the image deviation that will be used for right eye is to right eye.By such auto-stereoscopic display device, switch fast owing to show image that is used for left eye and the position that is used for the image of right eye, so the user almost notes the deterioration less than any resolution.Yet have such problem: the light deflection unit that is formed by ferroelectric liquid crystals is very expensive, and because the light loss that disparity barrier causes is higher.
The 5th, 960, No. 850 U.S. Patent Publications a kind of auto-stereoscopic display device 20, as shown in Figure 2, this auto-stereoscopic display device 200 comprises back light unit 21, spatial light modulator 22, particulate lens 23 and responds LCD display floater 26 fast.Spatial light modulator 22 is formed by a plurality of left eye primitives (cell) 24 and right eye primitive 25, and described left eye primitive 24 and right eye primitive 25 switch between pellucidity and opaque state according to the ON/OFF state of electric power.In auto-stereoscopic display device 20, respond LCD display floater 26 fast and in the very short time cycle, on whole screen, alternately show the image that is used for right and left eyes.Spatial light modulator 22 switches primitive 24 and 25 with the left and right sides image switching time synchronized ground that responds LCD display floater 26 fast.For example, when quick response LCD display floater 26 showed to be used for the image of left eye, spatial light modulator 22 switched to pellucidity with left eye primitive 24, so that only be directed left eye viewing area 28 to the user from the light of back light unit 21 emissions.In addition, when fast response LCD display floater 26 showed eye image, spatial light modulator 22 was opened right eye primitive 25, so that only be directed right eye viewing area 27 to the user from the light of back light unit 21 emissions.Under traditional 2D pattern, all the left eye primitives 24 and the right eye primitive 25 of spatial light modulator 22 all are opened.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem
Yet, discuss in the above day the disclosure and the time sharing mode method of United States Patent (USP) in, between left-eye image and eye image, produce and crosstalk, make the user can not see 3D rendering accurately.Usually, most of display floaters scan a two field picture from the top of screen successively to the bottom.When the former frame image was displayed on the screen downside, back one two field picture was displayed on the screen upside.For example, when the complete scan cycle of a frame was T, as shown in Figure 3, eye image was displayed on the whole screen when the time " 0 ", and left-eye image was displayed on the whole screen when the time " T ".Yet, because between time " 0 " and " T ", eye image is changed into left-eye image gradually, so when eye image was displayed on the screen downside, left-eye image was displayed on the screen upside.As a result, exist left-eye image and eye image to share the time of screen.Therefore, as in the time sharing mode method of this United States Patent (USP), when the left eye primitive 24 of spatial light modulator 22 and right eye primitive 25 were were alternately opened and closed simply, left-eye image was not separated fully with eye image, and is felt by user's left eye and right eye simultaneously.
In addition, the above-mentioned day disclosure and United States Patent (USP) have such problem: use expensive quick response LCD display floater in order to prevent scintillation.In order to prevent scintillation, the auto-stereoscopic display device of prior art can come display image with about 50-60Hz or higher sweep speed.For above-mentioned auto-stereoscopic display device, shown in Fig. 4 A, one instantaneous, only left eye is seen image, and right eye be can't see image.In addition, instantaneous at another shown in Fig. 4 B, only right eye is seen image, and left eye be can't see image.As a result, when use has the traditional LC D display floater of vertical scanning speed of about 60-75Hz, because left eye and right eye can be seen the image that the sweep speed with 30-37.5Hz shows, so produce scintillation.Therefore, the traditional LC D display floater with vertical scanning speed of 60-75Hz can not be used for the time sharing mode auto-stereoscopic display device of prior art.
Technical scheme
Exemplary embodiment of the present invention overcomes above-mentioned shortcoming and top other shortcoming of not describing.In addition, the present invention must overcome above-mentioned shortcoming, and exemplary embodiment of the present invention can not overcome above-mentioned any problem.Exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of and does not reduce resolution and do not produce the high resolution autostereoscopic display apparatus of crosstalking.
Exemplary embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of high resolution autostereoscopic display apparatus with horizontally interlaced image that can use traditional LC D panel (that is, not using expensive quick response LCD).
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of auto-stereoscopic display device comprises: back light unit; Polarization plates is arranged on the back light unit front; Display floater shows left-eye image and eye image by the pixel column of interlacing scan left-eye image successively and eye image alternately; The particulate lens is arranged between polarization plates and the display floater, is used for the light of back light unit emission is separated eye viewing area 28 and right eye viewing area left; And polarization switch, synchronous with the vertical scanning interval of display floater, the polarisation of light direction that control is propagated towards left eye viewing area 28 is so that light incides on the pixel column of demonstration left-eye image of display floater, and the polarisation of light direction propagated towards right eye viewing area 27 of control is so that light incides on the pixel column of demonstration eye image of display floater.
Described polarization switch can comprise: spatial light modulator, be arranged between polarization plates and the particulate lens, and can be according to electric control first switching of changing the polarization of incident light direction between the third state; First birefringent element array, be arranged between spatial light modulator and the particulate lens, have a plurality of first and second vertical birefringence elements that replace in the horizontal direction, be used to change the polarization of incident light direction so that through the polarisation of light direction of first birefringence element perpendicular to polarisation of light direction through second birefringence element; Second birefringent element array, be arranged between particulate lens and the display floater, has a plurality of third and fourth horizontal birefringence element that replaces in vertical direction, be used to change the polarization of incident light direction so that through the polarisation of light direction of the 3rd birefringence element perpendicular to polarisation of light direction through the 4th birefringence element.
In third and fourth birefringence element of second birefringent element array each can be corresponding to a pixel column of display floater.
Second birefringent element array also can comprise the opaque mask of the bar shaped that is arranged between third and fourth birefringence element.
Also black matrix can be set between the pixel of display floater, when the width of deceiving matrix is D2, the width of opaque mask is D1, distance between the pixel of display floater and second birefringent element array is t, and the viewing distance of distance display panel is when being L, and the height H 2 of the viewing area of not crosstalking can satisfy equation: H2=(L/t) (D1+D2).
Spacing between third and fourth birefringence element of second birefringent element array can be slightly larger than the spacing between the pixel column of display floater in vertical direction in vertical direction.
In first to fourth birefringence element each can comprise the polarizer with predetermined polarization, so that form the plane of polarization of polarizer of first birefringence element and the plane of polarization that forms the polarizer of second birefringence element can be perpendicular to one another, forming the plane of polarization of polarizer of the 3rd birefringence element and the plane of polarization that forms the polarizer of the 4th birefringence element can be perpendicular to one another.
In first to fourth birefringence element each can comprise the delayer that incident light is postponed predetermined phase, so that the phase-delay difference that forms between the delayer of first and second birefringence elements can be λ/2, the phase-delay difference that forms between the delayer of third and fourth birefringence element can be λ/2.
In first to fourth birefringence element each can comprise the polarization apparatus that makes incident light rotation predetermined angular, so that the anglec of rotation difference that forms between the polarization apparatus of first and second birefringence elements can be 90 °, the anglec of rotation difference that forms between the polarization apparatus of third and fourth birefringence element can be 90 °.
But spatial light modulator is changed between the third state that second state of circularly polarized light and polarization of incident light direction change 90 ° in immovable first state of polarization of incident light direction, polarization of incident light direction and is switched.
Spatial light modulator can be the controlled liquid crystal retardation device of electricity.
According to the present invention, when spatial light modulator is in first state, can propagate towards first viewing area through the light of the 3rd birefringence element, can propagate towards second viewing area through the light of the 4th birefringence element.
In addition, when spatial light modulator is in the third state, can propagate towards second viewing area, can propagate towards first viewing area through the light of the 4th birefringence element through the light of the 3rd birefringence element.
The particulate lens can comprise a plurality of vertical particulate lens elements, and first and second birefringence elements of first birefringent element array arranged and be parallel to by described vertical particulate lens element along horizontal direction.
Spacing between the vertical particulate lens element of particulate lens can be equal to or less than the spacing between paired first and second birefringence elements of first birefringent element array.
Distance between the particulate lens and first birefringent element array can be equal to or greater than the focal length of vertical particulate lens element.
The particulate lens can make through the light of first birefringence element and propagate towards first viewing area, makes through the light of second birefringence element to propagate towards second viewing area.
Back light unit and spatial light modulator can be split into a plurality of horizontal segments, and the vertical scanning interval of described a plurality of horizontal segments and display floater synchronously switches successively.
Back light unit and spatial light modulator can be split into a plurality of horizontal segments that make it possible to switch independently and arrange along vertical direction, and the quantity of the section of back light unit can equal the quantity of the section of spatial light modulator.
The respective horizontal section of back light unit and spatial light modulator can be switched simultaneously.
A horizontal segment of each in back light unit and the spatial light modulator can be corresponding with a plurality of pixel columns of display floater.
Display floater can show the image that is used for first viewing area of first frame at the odd pixel row, the image that is used for second viewing area that shows first frame at the even pixel row, and show the image that is used for first viewing area of second frame at the even pixel row, show the image that is used for second viewing area of second frame at the odd pixel row.
In each horizontal segment of spatial light modulator, first and the third state can synchronously alternately switch with display floater according to chronological order.
According to a further aspect in the invention, described polarization switch can comprise: spatial light modulator, be arranged between polarization plates and the particulate lens, comprise a plurality of first vertical row and second vertical row, described first vertical row and second vertical row change the polarization of incident light direction by being independently controlled and alternately being provided with; Birefringent element array, be arranged between particulate lens and the display floater, be included in a plurality of first and second horizontal birefringence elements that replace on the vertical direction, be used to change the polarization of incident light direction, so that be perpendicular to one another through the polarisation of light direction of first and second birefringence elements.
Spatial light modulator can switch between first state and second state, wherein, under first state, first vertical row does not change the polarization of incident light direction, and second vertical row changes+90 ° or-90 ° with the polarization of incident light direction, under second state, first vertical row changes+90 ° or-90 ° with the polarization of incident light direction, and second vertical row does not change the polarization of incident light direction.
Spatial light modulator can comprise: liquid crystal layer; First and second vertical column electrodes are arranged on the front surface of liquid crystal layer in vertical direction, face with each other according to interdigital array; Common electrode is arranged on the rear surface of liquid crystal layer, and wherein, common electrode can be split into a plurality of horizontal segments.
According to a further aspect in the invention, a kind of automatic display device comprises: back light unit; The particulate lens will separate eye viewing area and right eye viewing area left from the light of back light unit emission; Display floater shows left-eye image and eye image by the pixel column of interlacing scan left-eye image successively and eye image alternately; And spatial light modulator, be arranged between back light unit and the particulate lens, comprise a plurality of primitives, the vertical scanning interval of described a plurality of primitive and display floater is independent switching the between pellucidity and opaque state synchronously, wherein, the primitive of spatial light modulator is arranged two-dimensionally along row and column.
Spatial light modulator can switch between first state, second state and the third state, wherein, under first state, all primitives all are transparent, under second state, transparent primitive and opaque primitive are according to the grid pattern arrangement, under the third state, transparent primitive under second state is opaque, and the opaque primitive under second state is transparent.
Display floater can show the left-eye image of first frame at the odd pixel row, shows the eye image of first frame at the even pixel row, shows the left-eye image of second frame at the even pixel row, shows the eye image of second frame at the odd pixel row.
Spatial light modulator can and vertical scanning interval of display floater synchronously line by line successively second and the third state between switch.
The quantity of the primitive on the vertical direction of spatial light modulator can equal the quantity of the pixel column of display floater.
The particulate lens can comprise along horizontal direction to be arranged and a plurality of vertical particulate lens element parallel with spatial light modulator.
The width of the lens element of particulate lens can be equal to or greater than the width of two primitives of spatial light modulator.
Particulate lens and the distance between the spatial light modulator can be equal to or greater than the focal length of vertical particulate lens element.
But along continuous straight runs is provided with the opaque mask of bar shaped between the primitive of spatial light modulator is capable.
The opaque mask of the level of spatial light modulator spacing in vertical direction can be greater than the spacing between the pixel column of display floater
Beneficial effect
According to the present invention, use to have quick switching time and relatively cheap spatial light modulator, as the liquid crystal retardation device.Therefore, auto-stereoscopic display device according to the present invention has simple structure, and relatively cheap.
In addition, according to the present invention, because back light unit and spatial light modulator all are split into a plurality of sections, each section synchronously operated with the vertical scanning interval of LCD panel, so crosstalking of left-eye image and eye image taken place hardly.
In addition, according to the present invention, because display floater shows left-eye image and eye image by interlacing scan left-eye image and eye image, so, the reduction of resolution and the flicker of left and right sides image take place hardly also even use the low relatively display floater of refresh rate of prior art.
Description of drawings
The particulate lens-type auto-stereoscopic display device of the schematically illustrated prior art of Fig. 1;
The auto-stereoscopic display device that the resolution of the schematically illustrated prior art of Fig. 2 does not reduce;
Fig. 3 illustrates the step that scans the image that is used for left eye and right eye in display floater of prior art;
Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 B are illustrated in the auto-stereoscopic display device of prior art shown in Figure 2 image by left eye and right eye identification;
Fig. 5 is the decomposition diagram of the structure of schematically illustrated high resolution autostereoscopic display apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the sectional view that is used to explain the spacing and the relation between liquid crystal display (LCD) the panel pixels spacing of second birefringent element array;
Fig. 7 illustrates the sectional view of the operation of high resolution autostereoscopic display apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is illustrated under the situation of high resolution autostereoscopic display apparatus shown in Figure 7 image by left eye and right eye identification;
Fig. 9 illustrates the sectional view of the operation of auto-stereoscopic display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 10 is illustrated under the situation of Fig. 9 the image by left eye and right eye identification;
Figure 11 illustrates the handover operation that is split into according to a plurality of sections the spatial light modulator of time;
Figure 12 explains the sectional view that produces according to beholder's the reason of crosstalking of watching height;
Figure 13 schematically shows the structure of the pixel in the traditional LC D panel;
Figure 14 schematically shows the improvement structure of the second birefringent device array according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 15 and Figure 16 are the sectional views of the relation between the explanation second birefringent device array and LCD panel pixels spacing and the height that does not produce the zone of crosstalking;
Figure 17 schematically shows the structure of the viewing area that is formed by auto-stereoscopic display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 18 be schematically illustrated according to the present invention the decomposition diagram of the structure of the high resolution autostereoscopic display apparatus of another exemplary embodiment;
Figure 19 shows in detail the spatial light modulator of high resolution autostereoscopic display apparatus shown in Figure 180 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and the relative arrangement of particulate lens;
Figure 20 be schematically illustrated according to the present invention the decomposition diagram of the structure of the high resolution autostereoscopic display apparatus of another exemplary embodiment;
Figure 21 schematically shows the structure of the birefringent device array of high resolution autostereoscopic display apparatus shown in Figure 20 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 22 shows in detail the structure of the spatial light modulator of high resolution autostereoscopic display apparatus shown in Figure 20 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 23 shows the operation of auto-stereoscopic display device shown in Figure 20.
Embodiment
Fig. 5 is the decomposition diagram of the structure of schematically illustrated high resolution autostereoscopic display apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention 30.With reference to Fig. 5, the high resolution autostereoscopic display apparatus 30 among the current embodiment comprises: Splittable (division type) back light unit 31; Polarization plates 32, only transmission is from the light with particular polarization of back light unit 31 incidents; Spatial light modulator 33 changes the polarization of incident light direction according to electric control; First birefringent element array 34, in this first birefringent element array 34, the vertical birefringence element 34b with second of a plurality of first vertical birefringence element 34a that changes the polarization of incident light direction alternately arranges along horizontal direction; Particulate lens 35 separates eye viewing area and right eye viewing area left with incident light; Second birefringent element array 36, in this second birefringent element array 36, a plurality of the 3rd horizontal birefringence element 36a and the 4th horizontal birefringence element 36b alternately arrange along vertical direction; LCD panel 37, display image.
According to current embodiment, spatial light modulator 33 can switch between first state, second state and the third state, under first, second and the third state, is respectively 45 ° through the difference between the polarized state of light of spatial light modulator 33.For example, spatial light modulator 33 has first state that the polarization of incident light direction do not change, second state and the polarization of incident light direction that the polarization of incident light direction changes+45 ° changes+90 ° the third state.Yet, because the transformation angle of polarization direction is exemplary under each state of spatial light modulator 33, so can differently design the transformation angle according to the polarization direction of the polarizer of the polarization direction of polarization plates 32 and LCD panel 37.The difference that spatial light modulator 33 is between the polarization direction in each the following time of state in first, second and the third state is preferably 45 °.In addition, spatial light modulator 33 can be designed so that under second state light is circularly polarized light, but not linearly polarized light.
Spatial light modulator 33 comprises the electric controllable device that has three kinds of anisotropy attitudes according to the voltage that applies.For example, can use the electric controlled liquid crystal retardation device that forms by optical compensation curved (OCB) twisted nematic liquid crystal panel or ferroelectric liquid crystals panel as spatial light modulator 33.The liquid crystal retardation device that can have the switch speed of about 180Hz with low relatively cost acquisition.When spatial light modulator 33 comprised the liquid crystal retardation device, for example, incident light was not delayed under first state, and incident light is delayed the phase place of 1/4 wavelength (λ/4) under second state, and incident light is delayed the phase place of 1/2 wavelength (λ/2) under the third state.
As shown in Figure 5, form first birefringent element array 34 by alternately arrange the vertical birefringence element 34b of the first vertical birefringence element 34a along horizontal direction according to current embodiment with second.That is, the vertical birefringence element 34b of the first vertical birefringence element 34a with second lengthways be formed on respectively auto-stereoscopic display device 30 vertically on, and alternately arrange along horizontal direction.
In addition, according to current embodiment, first birefringent element array 34 changes the polarization of incident light direction, so that be perpendicular to one another through the polarisation of light direction of the vertical birefringence element 34b with second of the first vertical birefringence element 34a.For example, the vertical birefringence element 34b with second of the first vertical birefringence element 34a all can comprise the polarizer with the plane of polarization on the predetermined direction.In this case, the plane of polarization of the polarizer of the formation first vertical birefringence element 34a is perpendicular to one another with the plane of polarization of the polarizer that forms the second vertical birefringence element 34b.In addition, the vertical birefringence element 34b with second of the first vertical birefringence element 34a can comprise the delayer that incident light is postponed predetermined phase.In this case, to form the phase-delay difference that makes between two delayers be λ/2 to the delayer that forms the delayer of the first vertical birefringence element 34a and form the second vertical birefringence element 34b.For example, the first vertical birefringence element 34a is phase retardation not, and the second vertical birefringence element 34b is phase delay λ/2, and perhaps the first vertical birefringence element 34a is phase delay-λ/4, and the second vertical birefringence element 34b is with phase delay+λ/4.In addition, in another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the vertical birefringence element 34b with second of the first vertical birefringence element 34a can comprise the polarization apparatus that makes incident light rotation predetermined angular.In this case, the polarization apparatus of the polarization apparatus of the formation first vertical birefringence element 34a and the formation second vertical birefringence element 34b forms and makes that anglec of rotation difference is 90 °.For example, the first vertical birefringence element 34a does not make the incident light rotation, and the second vertical birefringence element 34b makes the incident light half-twist, and perhaps the first vertical birefringence element 34a makes-45 ° of incident light rotations, and the second vertical birefringence element 34b makes+45 ° of incident light rotations.
According to current embodiment, can have a kind of in the following polarization direction according to the state of spatial light modulator 33 through the light of spatial light modulator 33 and first birefringent element array 34.Promptly, at first, can be through the polarisation of light direction of the first vertical birefringence element 34a perpendicular to the polarization direction of the polarizer 38a (referring to Fig. 6) of the light incident side that is positioned at LCD panel 37, and be parallel to the polarization direction of the polarizer 38a of the light incident side that is positioned at LCD panel 37 through the polarisation of light direction of the second vertical birefringence element 34b.Secondly, can be parallel to the polarization direction of the polarizer 38a of the light incident side that is positioned at LCD panel 37 through the polarisation of light direction of the first vertical birefringence element 34a, and through the polarisation of light direction of the second vertical birefringence element 34b polarization direction perpendicular to the polarizer 38a of the light incident side that is positioned at LCD panel 37.The 3rd, can be circularly polarized or linear polarization through the light of the vertical birefringence element 34b of the first vertical birefringence element 34a, and tilt 45 ° with respect to the polarization direction of the polarizer 38a of the light incident side of LCD panel 37 with second.
As known in the art, the left eye viewing area at viewing distance place and the interval between the right eye viewing area can approximately be 65mm.In current embodiment, the spacing (pitch) between the vertical particulate lens element of particulate lens 35 can be equal to or less than the spacing between a pair of first vertical birefringence element 34a and the second vertical birefringence element 34b.That is, the width of a vertical particulate lens element is equal to or slightly less than the width sum of the vertical birefringence element 34b with second of the first vertical birefringence element 34a.In addition, the distance between the particulate lens 35 and first birefringent element array 34 equals or is slightly larger than the focal length of vertical particulate lens element.
As shown in Figure 5, second birefringent element array 36 is arranged in the front of particulate lens 35.Second birefringent element array 36 according to current embodiment comprises the 3rd horizontal birefringence element 36a and the 4th horizontal birefringence element 36b that alternately arranges along the vertical direction of auto-stereoscopic display device 30.That is, the 3rd horizontal birefringence element 36a and the 4th horizontal birefringence element 36b lengthways are formed on auto-stereoscopic display device 30 transversely, and alternately arrange along the vertical direction of auto-stereoscopic display device 30.
Similar with first birefringent element array 34, second birefringent element array 36 changes the polarization of incident light direction, and feasible polarisation of light direction through the 3rd horizontal birefringence element 36a and the 4th horizontal birefringence element 36b is perpendicular to one another.For example, the 3rd horizontal birefringence element 36a and the 4th horizontal birefringence element 36b all can comprise the polarizer with the plane of polarization on the predetermined direction.In this case, the plane of polarization of the polarizer of the 3rd horizontal birefringence element 36a is perpendicular to the plane of polarization of the polarizer of the 4th horizontal birefringence element 36b.In addition, the 3rd horizontal birefringence element 36a and the 4th horizontal birefringence element 36b can be the delayers that incident light is postponed predetermined phase.In this case, form the delayer of the 3rd horizontal birefringence element 36a and the phase-delay difference that forms between the delayer of the 4th horizontal birefringence element 36b is λ/2.For example, the 3rd horizontal birefringence element 36a does not postpone the phase place of incident light, and the 4th horizontal birefringence element 36b is with phase delay λ/2 of incident light, perhaps the 3rd horizontal birefringence element 36a is phase delay-λ/4 of incident light, and the 4th horizontal birefringence element 36b is with phase delay+λ/4.In addition, in another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the 3rd horizontal birefringence element 36a and the 4th horizontal birefringence element 36b can comprise the polarization apparatus that makes incident light rotation predetermined angular.In this case, the polarization apparatus that forms the polarization apparatus of the 3rd horizontal birefringence element 36a and form the 4th horizontal birefringence element 36b forms and makes that anglec of rotation difference is 90 °.For example, the 3rd horizontal birefringence element 36a does not make the incident light rotation, and the 4th horizontal birefringence element 36b makes the incident light half-twist, and perhaps the 3rd horizontal birefringence element 36a makes-45 ° of incident light rotations, and the 4th horizontal birefringence element 36b makes+45 ° of incident light rotations.
According to current embodiment, the 3rd horizontal birefringence element 36a of second birefringent element array 36 and each the pixel column among the 4th horizontal birefringence element 36b corresponding to LCD panel 37.Therefore, the quantity of the 3rd of second birefringent element array 36 the horizontal birefringence element 36a and the 4th horizontal birefringence element 36b equals the quantity of the pixel column of LCD panel 37.In addition, the 3rd of second birefringent element array 36 the horizontal birefringence element 36a and the 4th horizontal birefringence element 36b are parallel to the pixel column arrangement of LCD panel 37.
Produce Moire pattern (Moire pattern) on the image on the LCD panel 37 in order to prevent to be presented at, the 3rd horizontal birefringence element 36a of second birefringent element array 36 and the spacing of the 4th horizontal birefringence element 36b can be slightly larger than the spacing of the pixel column of LCD panel 37.Fig. 6 is a sectional view of explaining above-mentioned relation, shows the part of square crossing of the auto-stereoscopic display device 30 of Fig. 5.With reference to Fig. 6, when being watched by the beholder, the 3rd horizontal birefringence element 36a of second birefringent element array 36 and the 4th horizontal birefringence element 36b vertically alternately arrange in LCD panel 37 back.In addition, on LCD panel 37, a plurality of pixel 38c arrange on vertical and horizontal direction two-dimensionally.In Fig. 6, only show arrangement pixel 38c in vertical direction.Beholder's eyes are positioned at the specified point place in LCD panel 37 the place aheads.So, three horizontal birefringence element 36a and the four horizontal birefringence element 36b corresponding with the high or low pixel column in the position of the ratio beholder's of LCD panel 37 eyes need be disposed in the position more high or low than corresponding pixel column, as shown in Figure 6.For this reason, the spacing of the 3rd of second birefringent element array 36 the horizontal birefringence element 36a and the 4th horizontal birefringence element 36b is slightly larger than the spacing of the pixel column of LCD panel 37.For example, when the spacing of the pixel column of LCD panel 37 was approximately 0.265mm, the 3rd horizontal birefringence element 36a of second birefringent element array 36 and the spacing of the 4th horizontal birefringence element 36b were approximately 0.266mm.
According to current embodiment, the quick response LCD that does not need to use the refresh rate with about 120Hz uses the refresh rate of prior art just enough as the LCD of 60-75Hz as LCD panel 37.In current embodiment, use the interlacing scan method, but not the image that alternately will be used for left eye and right eye according to the chronological order mode of prior art is presented at the time-sharing method on the whole screen.That is, according to current embodiment, LCD panel 37 comes display image by the image interlacing scan that will be used for left eye and right eye.For example, in first frame, left-eye image is displayed on the odd pixel row, and eye image is displayed on the even pixel row.In next frame, eye image is displayed on the odd pixel row, and left-eye image is displayed on the even pixel row.
With reference to Fig. 7 to Figure 10, with the as above operation of describing in detail according to current embodiment of the high resolution autostereoscopic display apparatus 30 of structure.
Fig. 7 is the sectional view of operation that the auto-stereoscopic display device 30 of Fig. 5 is shown, and wherein, spatial light modulator 33 is in first state.Light incident side and exiting side at LCD panel 37 are attached with polarizer 38a and 38b.For convenience of explanation, polarizer 38a and the polarization plates 32 of supposing the light incident side of LCD panel 37 has horizontal polarization direction.In addition, hypothesis space optical modulator 33 is liquid crystal retardation devices, and this liquid crystal retardation utensil has: first state, and wherein the polarization of incident light direction does not change; Second state, wherein the polarization of incident light direction changes 45 °; And the third state, wherein the polarization of incident light direction changes 90 °.The first vertical birefringence element 34a that supposes first birefringent element array 34 does not postpone the phase place of light, and the second vertical birefringence element 34b of first birefringent element array 34 is with the phase delay half-wavelength (λ/2) of light.Although be not shown specifically among Fig. 7, second birefringent element array 36 has the 3rd horizontal birefringence element 36a that is positioned at odd-numbered line and the 4th horizontal birefringence element 36b that is positioned at even number line.Similar with first birefringent element array 34, the 3rd horizontal birefringence element 36a that supposes second birefringent element array 36 does not postpone the phase place of light, and the 4th horizontal birefringence element 36b of second birefringent element array 36 is with the phase delay half-wavelength (λ/2) of light.
When spatial light modulator 33 was in first state, process polarization plates 32 and the polarisation of light direction that incides on the spatial light modulator 33 did not change.Therefore, the light through spatial light modulator 33 has horizontal polarization direction.Then, light is through the vertical birefringence element 34b with second of the first vertical birefringence element 34a.At this moment, through the light maintenance horizontal polarization direction of the first vertical birefringence element 34a, and changed 90 °, thereby had vertical polarization through the polarisation of light direction of the second vertical birefringence element 34b.Light through the first vertical birefringence element 34a and the second vertical birefringence element 34b is separated to left eye district L and right eye district R by particulate lens 35, and is guided to left eye district and right eye district by particulate lens 35.That is, 100 left eye district L propagates towards the viewing area through the light of the first vertical birefringence element 34a, and through 100 the right eye district R propagation towards the viewing area of the light of the second vertical birefringence element 34b.
Then, three horizontal birefringence element 36a and the four horizontal birefringence element 36b of light that is separated by particulate lens 35 through arranging along vertical direction.In this course, in through the first vertical birefringence element 34a and the light propagated towards the left eye viewing area L of viewing area 100, light through the 3rd horizontal birefringence element 36a keeps horizontal polarization direction, and changed 90 °, thereby has vertical polarization through the polarisation of light direction of the 4th horizontal birefringence element 36b.In addition, in through the second vertical birefringence element 34b and the light propagated towards the right eye viewing area R of viewing area 100, light through the 3rd horizontal birefringence element 36a keeps vertical polarization, and changed 90 °, thereby has horizontal polarization direction through the polarisation of light direction of the 4th horizontal birefringence element 36b.That is, in the light of propagating towards the left eye viewing area L of viewing area 100, have horizontal polarization direction, and have vertical polarization through the light of the even number line of second birefringent element array 36 through the light of the odd-numbered line of second birefringent element array 36.In addition, in the light of propagating towards the right eye viewing area R of viewing area 100, have vertical polarization through the light of the odd-numbered line of second birefringent element array 36, and have horizontal polarization direction through the light of even number line.
The polarizer 38a of the light incident side of LCD panel 37 has horizontal polarization direction.Therefore, in the light of propagating towards the left eye viewing area L of viewing area 100, through the light of the odd-numbered line of second birefringent element array 36 by polarizer 38a, and through the light of the even number line of second birefringent element array 36 by polarizer 38a.In addition, in the light that the right eye viewing area R towards viewing area 100 propagates, the polarizer 38a of the light incident side by LCD panel 37 through the light of the odd-numbered line of second birefringent element array 36, and through the light of the even number line of the second birefringent element array 36 polarizer 38a by the light incident side of LCD panel 37.As mentioned above, the 3rd of second birefringent element array 36 the horizontal birefringence element 36a and the 4th horizontal birefringence element 36b are corresponding with the pixel column of LCD panel 37.Therefore, 100 left eye viewing area L propagates the image that shows from the odd-numbered line of the pixel column of LCD panel 37 towards the viewing area, and the image that shows from the even number line of the pixel column of LCD panel 37 100 right eye viewing area is propagated towards the viewing area.As a result, as shown in Figure 8, the image of the odd-numbered line of the pixel column of LCD panel 37 is discerned by left eye, and the image of the even number line of the pixel column of LCD panel 37 is discerned by right eye.
Below, Fig. 9 illustrates the sectional view according to the operation of auto-stereoscopic display device 30 of the present invention.With reference to Fig. 9, when spatial light modulator 33 was in the third state, process polarization plates 32 and the polarisation of light direction that incides on the spatial light modulator 33 had changed 90 °.Therefore, the light through spatial light modulator 33 has vertical polarization.Then, light is through the vertical birefringence element 34b with second of the first vertical birefringence element 34a.At this moment, through the light maintenance vertical polarization of the first vertical birefringence element 34a, and changed 90 °, thereby had horizontal polarization direction through the polarisation of light direction of the second vertical birefringence element 34b.Then, separated eye viewing area and right eye viewing area left by particulate lens 35 through the light of the first vertical birefringence element 34a and the second vertical birefringence element 34b, and by 35 guiding of particulate lens to left eye and right eye viewing area.Promptly, light through the first vertical birefringence element 34a is guided by particulate lens 35, thereby propagate to the left eye viewing area of viewing area 100 L, through the light of the second vertical birefringence element 34b by 35 guiding of particulate lens, thereby propagation is to the right eye viewing area of viewing area 100 R.
The light that is separated by particulate lens 35 is through the 3rd horizontal birefringence element 36a and the 4th horizontal birefringence element 36b.In this course, in through the first vertical birefringence element 34a and the light propagated towards the left eye viewing area L of viewing area 100, light through the 3rd horizontal birefringence element 36a keeps vertical polarization, and changed 90 °, thereby has horizontal polarization direction through the polarisation of light direction of the 4th horizontal birefringence element 36b.In addition, in through the second vertical birefringence element 34b and the light propagated towards the right eye viewing area R of viewing area 100, light through the 3rd horizontal birefringence element 36a keeps horizontal polarization direction, and changed 90 °, thereby has vertical polarization through the polarisation of light direction of the 4th horizontal birefringence element 36b.That is, in the light of propagating towards the left eye viewing area L of viewing area 100, have vertical polarization, and have horizontal polarization direction through the light of the even number line of second birefringent element array 36 through the light of the odd-numbered line of second birefringent element array 36.In addition, in the light of propagating towards the right eye viewing area R of viewing area 100, have horizontal polarization direction, and have vertical polarization through the light of the even number line of second birefringent element array 36 through the light of the odd-numbered line of second birefringent element array 36.
The polarizer 38a that is positioned at the light incident side of LCD panel 37 has horizontal polarization direction.Therefore, in the light that the left eye viewing area L towards viewing area 100 propagates, the polarizer 38a of the light incident side by being positioned at LCD panel 37 not through the light of the odd-numbered line of second birefringent element array 36, and through the light of the even number line of second birefringent element array 36 can be by being positioned at LCD panel 37 the polarizer 38a of light incident side.In addition, in the light that the right eye viewing area R towards viewing area 100 propagates, through the light of the odd-numbered line of second birefringent element array 36 can be by being positioned at LCD panel 37 the polarizer 38a of light incident side, and through the light of the even number line of second birefringent element array 36 can not be by being positioned at LCD panel 37 the polarizer 38a of light incident side.As a result, 100 right eye viewing area R propagates the image that shows from the odd-numbered line of the pixel column of LCD panel 37 towards the viewing area, and 100 left eye viewing area L propagates and the image that shows from the even number line of the pixel column of LCD panel 37 is towards the viewing area.Therefore, as shown in figure 10, the image of the odd pixel row of LCD panel 37 is discerned by right eye, and the image of the even pixel row of LCD panel 37 is discerned by left eye.
According to top principle, show left-eye image at LCD panel 37 at the odd pixel row, when the even pixel row showed eye image, spatial light modulator 33 switched to first state.At next frame, show eye image at LCD panel 37 at the odd pixel row, when the even pixel row showed left-eye image, spatial light modulator 33 switched to the third state.Therefore, spatial light modulator 33, first birefringent element array 34 and second birefringent element array 36 are together controlled the polarization direction, make the light of propagating towards the left eye viewing area L of viewing area 100 incide on the pixel column of demonstration left-eye image of LCD panel 37, and incide towards the light that the right eye viewing area R of viewing area 100 propagates on the pixel column of demonstration eye image of LCD panel 37.Therefore, as can be seen, spatial light modulator 33, first birefringent element array 34 and second birefringent element array 36 have together constituted single polarization switch.
Display operation according to according to current embodiment shows an image by scanning twice (that is, once for odd-numbered line, once for even number line).Like this, can come display image with the slow relatively sweep speed of 25Hz (PAL) or 30Hz (NTSC), and can not reduce resolution, and prevent flicker simultaneously.In current embodiment, when the vertical scanning speed of using prior art with 60-75Hz (promptly, during refresh rate) LCD panel 37, owing to show left-eye image and eye image by interlacing scan left eye and eye image pixel column separately successively, the reduction of flicker and resolution is noted hardly.
In auto-stereoscopic display device 30, can realize two dimensional image pattern (2D pattern) in many ways according to current embodiment.For example, spatial light modulator 33 can be between first state and the third state repeatedly switches, and makes the same 2D image of LCD panel 37 double demonstrations.Like this, the odd-numbered line of same 2D image is discerned by left eye, and the even number line of same image is discerned by right eye.Then, the odd-numbered line of same 2D image is discerned by right eye, and the even number line of same image is discerned by left eye.Therefore, the beholder can see the 2D image.
In other method, spatial light modulator 33 remains on second state, and LCD panel 37 shows the 2D image according to the traditional approach frame by frame.When spatial light modulator 33 was in second state, process polarization plates 32 and the polarisation of light direction that incides on the spatial light modulator 33 had changed 45 °.Therefore, the polarization direction that has 45 ° (that is diagonals) through the light of spatial light modulator 33.Then, light is continuously by the first vertical birefringence element 34b with second of vertical birefringence element 34a and the 3rd horizontal birefringence element 36a and the 4th horizontal birefringence element 36b.The first vertical birefringence element 34a, the second vertical birefringence element 34b, the 3rd horizontal birefringence element 36a and the 4th horizontal birefringence element 36b do not change the polarization of incident light direction, perhaps the polarization of incident light direction are changed 90 °.As a result, light forms image by LCD panel 37 and in the left eye viewing area L of viewing area 100 and right eye viewing area R.Therefore, when LCD panel 37 showed the 2D image, the user can see the 2D image by right and left eyes.
In addition, when spatial light modulator 33 is in second state, the polarization of incident light direction is not changed 45 °, make emergent light become circularly polarized light but the polarization of incident light state can be changed into.For example, spatial light modulator 33 does not change the polarization of incident light direction under first state, yet spatial light modulator 33 changes 90 ° with the polarization of incident light direction under the third state, and under second state incident light is changed into circularly polarized light.When incident light is changed into circularly polarized light under second state, can obtain the identical result of situation with 45 ° of polarization of incident light direction changes.
Yet as mentioned above, display floater shows the consecutive image of a frame successively from top to the bottom of screen of screen, but not shows a two field picture on whole screen, shows the next frame image then on whole screen.Therefore, in the Image Sharing screen of two frames, left-eye image and eye image are mingled in together, can crosstalk.In order to prevent this problem, as shown in Figure 5, be split into the back light unit 31 and the spatial light modulator 33 of N section according to auto-stereoscopic display device 30 uses of current embodiment.That is, back light unit 31 and spatial light modulator 33 are split into a plurality of horizontal segments, and the vertical scanning interval of described a plurality of horizontal segments and LCD panel 37 synchronously switches successively.The horizontal segment of back light unit 31 and spatial light modulator 33 can switch independently, and arranges along vertical direction.
According to current embodiment, can suitably select the quantity of the horizontal segment of back light unit 31 and spatial light modulator 33 according to design.Crosstalk in order to remove fully, the horizontal segment of back light unit 31 and spatial light modulator 33 can be corresponding to the pixel column of LCD panel 37.Yet, in this case, the manufacturing cost height.Therefore, each horizontal segment of back light unit 31 and LCD panel 37 can be corresponding with the certain number of pixels row of LCD panel 37.For example, a horizontal segment of back light unit 31 horizontal segment and LCD panel 37 can be corresponding to 100 pixel columns of LCD panel 37.The quantity of the horizontal segment of back light unit 31 can equal the quantity of the horizontal segment of spatial light modulator 33.
In such structure, the horizontal segment of the back light unit 31 that corresponds to each other and the horizontal segment of spatial light modulator 33 can switch simultaneously.That is, synchronously open and close the sweep time of the respective pixel row of each horizontal segment of back light unit 31 and LCD panel 37.In addition, for example, each horizontal segment of spatial light modulator 33 switches to first state when the corresponding with it pixel column of LCD panel 37 shows a two field picture, switch to the third state when the next frame image is shown.Figure 11 shows the handover operation of spatial light modulator 33.In Figure 11, spatial light modulator 33 be split into four fens spatial light modulators of 4 sections and under first state, do not postpone incident light and under the third state with the liquid crystal retardation device of phase delay 1/2 wavelength (λ/2) of incident light.As shown in figure 11, spatial light modulator 33 is in first state fully in the time " 0 ", and " T " is in the third state fully in the time.Synchronous with LCD panel 37, spatial light modulator 33 is changed into the third state from first state gradually between time 0 and time T.The handover operation of spatial light modulator 33 is controlled to show that with LCD panel 37 time of each two field picture is accurately synchronous.As a result, crosstalk hardly in the time of the shared screen of two two field pictures, left-eye image can accurately be separated with eye image.
Yet, according to current embodiment, according to crosstalking that the height difference of beholder's eyes may take place that left-eye image and eye image are mixed in together or put upside down.Figure 12 explains the sectional view that produces according to beholder's the reason of crosstalking of watching height.With reference to Figure 12, when the beholder watched image with normal height H, the 3rd horizontal birefringence element 36a and the 4th horizontal birefringence element 36b were accurately corresponding with the first pixel Px1 and the second pixel Px2 respectively.Yet, when the beholder with the height H higher than normal height H ' when watching image, appearing to is corresponding the 4th horizontal birefringence element 36b of the first pixel Px1.In this case, the beholder sees the autostereoscopic image that left and right sides image is put upside down, and in height H and height H ' between height, the beholder sees the image that left and right sides image does not clearly separate.
Therefore, in order more cosily to watch autostereoscopic image, the image clear altitude range that separates in the left and right sides should increase.For this reason, as shown in figure 13, use the black matrix 38d between the pixel 38c that is present in LCD panel 37.Usually, the width on the vertical direction is that the black matrix 38d of D2 is formed between the pixel 38c of LCD panel 37, so that separate the pixel 38c of LCD panel 37.In second birefringent element array 36 according to current embodiment, as shown in figure 14, corresponding with the black matrix 38d of the LCD panel 37 opaque mask of bar shaped (mask) 36c horizontal arrangement is between the 3rd horizontal birefringence element 36a and the 4th horizontal birefringence element 36b.Opaque mask 36c width is in vertical direction indicated by D1.
With reference to Figure 15 and Figure 16, will the influence of the black matrix 38d of the opaque mask 36c of second birefringent element array 36 and LCD panel 37 to the clear altitude range that separates of left and right sides image be described.In Figure 15 and Figure 16, the spacing of second birefringent element array 36 is P1, the spacing of the pixel 38c of LCD panel 37 is P2, the image clear altitude range that separates in the left and right sides is H2, the altitude range that left and right sides image is put upside down is H1, distance between the pixel 38c of second birefringent element array 36 and LCD panel 37 is t, and the viewing distance from the pixel 38c of LCD panel 37 to the beholder is L.So, the equation 1 below triangle AEF that can be from Figure 15 and ABC obtain.
P2/L=P1 (L+t) [equation 1]
T/L=(P2+D2)/H2 [equation 2]
T/L=(P1-D1)/(P2+D2) [equation 3]
Then, can be from equation 1 to equation 3 equatioies 4 below obtaining.
H2=(L/t) (D1+D2+ (t/L) D2) [equation 4]
Here, because t＜＜L, so " (t/L) D2 " can be left in the basket.Therefore, finally can obtain following equation 5.
H2=(L/t) is [equation 5] (D1+D2)
In equation 5, along with the width D 2 of the black pixel 38d of the width D 1 of the opaque mask 36c of second birefringent element array 36 and LCD panel 37 increases, the image clear altitude range H2 that separates in the left and right sides can increase.Therefore, according to current embodiment, in order to increase the clear altitude range H2 that separates of left and right sides image, the width of opaque mask 36c is got maximum in the scope that the brightness of display image reduces to be minimized.Like this, the image clear altitude range H2 that separates in the left and right sides rises to about 150-200mm.
Figure 17 illustrates the structure of the viewing area 100 that is formed by auto-stereoscopic display device 30 according to the present invention.As shown in figure 17, in scope H2, can see the clear autostereoscopic image that separates; In scope H1, at regional 100a, left and right sides image does not clearly separate, and at regional 100b, left and right sides image is put upside down.
Figure 18 be schematically illustrated according to the present invention the decomposition diagram of the structure of the high resolution autostereoscopic display apparatus 40 of another exemplary embodiment.With reference to Figure 18, the high resolution autostereoscopic display apparatus 40 of another exemplary embodiment comprises back light unit 41, the spatial light modulator 42 that switches according to electric control, incident light is separated eye viewing area L and the particulate lens 45 of right eye viewing area R and the LCD panel 47 of display image left between pellucidity and opaque state according to the present invention.
According to current embodiment, back light unit 41 needs not be Splittable, can use the back light unit of prior art.Yet, as shown in Figure 5, can use Splittable back light unit 31 as back light unit 41.In addition, with embodiment illustrated in fig. 5 similar, LCD panel 47 comes display image according to interlacing scan method (but not time sharing mode method).That is, LCD panel 47 shows left eye and eye image by interlacing scan left eye and eye image.For example, in first frame, show left-eye image, show eye image at the even pixel row at the odd pixel row.At next frame, show eye image at the odd pixel row, show left-eye image at the even pixel row.
Spatial light modulator 42 comprises a plurality of primitives, and described a plurality of primitives are along the row and column two-dimensional arrangements and can control independently.The quantity of the row of spatial light modulator 42 (that is the quantity of the primitive on the vertical direction) can be identical with the quantity of the pixel column of LCD panel 47.According to current embodiment, spatial light modulator 42 can switch between three states.Promptly, spatial light modulator 42 can first state, second state and and the third state of the second state complementation between switch, wherein, under first state, all primitives of spatial light modulator 42 are transparent, under second state, transparent primitive and opaque primitive are according to grid (checkered) pattern arrangement, under the third state, the transparent primitive under second state becomes opaque, and the opaque primitive under second state becomes transparent.In addition, synchronous with the vertical scanning interval of LCD panel 47 according to current embodiment, spatial light modulator 42 can switch between second state and the third state line by line successively fast.For this reason, spatial light modulator 42 can use for example such structure: arrange optical compensation curved (OCB) twisted-nematic (TN) liquid crystal panel or ferroelectric liquid crystals (FELC) panel between two polarizers.Because polarizer is arranged on the plane of incidence of LCD panel 47, so can comprise polarizer and liquid crystal panel according to the spatial light modulator 42 of current embodiment.
Figure 19 is shown specifically the spatial light modulator 42 of high resolution autostereoscopic display apparatus shown in Figure 180 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention 40 and the relative arrangement of particulate lens 45.With reference to Figure 19, particulate lens 45 is arranged to space-oriented optical modulator 42 and parallel with spatial light modulator 42.Particulate lens 45 is arranged such that a lens element of particulate lens 45 is corresponding with two row of spatial light modulator 42.For the left eye viewing area L that makes viewing area 100 clearly separates at viewing distance with right eye viewing area R, the spacing between the lens element of particulate lens 45 equals or is slightly larger than the twice of the spacing between the row of spatial light modulator 42.In addition, equal or be slightly larger than the focal length of the particulate lens element of particulate lens 45 apart from t2 between particulate lens 45 and the spatial light modulator 42.
In current embodiment, owing to top identical with reference to reason that Figure 12 explained, mixed in together or the crosstalking of putting upside down according to beholder's the left and right sides image of watching height may be taken place.Therefore, in order to increase the altitude range that left and right sides image accurately separates, as shown in figure 19, width be the opaque mask 42a of the bar shaped of D1 along continuous straight runs be arranged in each primitive of spatial light modulator 42 capable between.With regard to this point, owing to the reason of being explained with reference Fig. 6 is identical, the opaque mask 42a spacing in vertical direction on the horizontal direction of spatial light modulator 42 can be slightly larger than the spacing between the pixel column of LCD panel 47.
Described as reference Figure 15 and Figure 16, and the width of the opaque mask 42a of hypothesis space optical modulator 42 is D1, the width of the black matrix between the pixel of LCD panel 47 is D2, distance between the opaque mask 42a of the black matrix of LCD panel 47 and spatial light modulator 42 is t1, and the viewing distance of distance L CD panel 47 is L, and the height H 2 of the viewing area of then not crosstalking satisfies equation H2=L (D1+D2)/t1.Therefore, owing to the increase of light loss along with the width of black matrix and opaque mask 42a increases, so being set to apart from t1 between black matrix and the opaque mask 42a is short more good more.
Usually, can be the substrate of spatial light modulator 42, the substrate of LCD panel 47 and optical thickness (that is physical thickness/refractive index) sum of particulate lens 45 apart from t1 between black matrix and the opaque mask 42a.For example, when the thickness of the substrate of spatial light modulator 42 is 0.7mm, the thickness of particulate lens 45 is 0.2mm, the thickness of the substrate of LCD panel 47 is 0.7mm, the thickness of polarizer is 0.2mm, and the mean refractive index n of said apparatus is 1.5 o'clock, and between black matrix and the opaque mask 42a is t1=(0.7+0.7+0.2+0.2)/1.5=1.2mm apart from t1.In addition.For example, when the width D 1 of opaque mask 42a is 0.1mm, the width D 2 of black matrix be 0.05mm, and the viewing distance L of distance L CD panel 47 is when being 700mm, and the height H 2 of the viewing area of not crosstalking is H2=700mm (0.1+0.05)/1.2=87.5mm.
Below, with reference to Figure 18 and Figure 19 operation according to the auto-stereoscopic display device 40 of current embodiment is described.
According to current embodiment, as shown in figure 19, each lens element of particulate lens 45 is corresponding to two row of spatial light modulator 42.Therefore, when on the direction that light is propagated, watching, always propagate by deviation to the right and towards beholder's left eye through the light of the odd column of spatial light modulator 42.On the contrary, through the light of the even column of spatial light modulator 42 always by particulate lens 45 deviation and propagate left towards beholder's right eye.
For example, when spatial light modulator 42 is in second state and watches on the direction that light is propagated, suppose in the odd-numbered line of spatial light modulator 42, the odd column of spatial light modulator 42 is transparent, the even column of spatial light modulator 42 is opaque, and in the even number line of spatial light modulator 42, the odd column of spatial light modulator 42 is opaque, and the even column of spatial light modulator 42 is transparent (seeing the top of the spatial light modulator 42 of Figure 19).In this case, because in the odd-numbered line of spatial light modulator 42, only the odd column transmitted light of spatial light modulator 42 is propagated towards beholder's left eye so pass through the light of the odd-numbered line of spatial light modulator 42.On the contrary, because in the even number line of spatial light modulator 42, only the even column transmitted light of spatial light modulator 42 is propagated towards beholder's right eye so pass through the light of the even number line of spatial light modulator 42.Therefore, the part corresponding with the part under second state spatial light modulator 42 LCD panel 47 shows left-eye image at the odd pixel row, shows eye image at the even pixel row.
In addition, when spatial light modulator 42 is in the third state and when the direction that light is propagated is watched, suppose in the odd-numbered line of spatial light modulator 42, the odd column of spatial light modulator 42 is opaque, the even column of spatial light modulator 42 is transparent, and in the even number line of spatial light modulator 42, the odd column of spatial light modulator 42 is transparent, and the even column of spatial light modulator 42 is opaque (seeing the bottom of the spatial light modulator 42 of Figure 19).In this case, because in the odd-numbered line of spatial light modulator 42, only the even column transmitted light of spatial light modulator 42 is propagated towards beholder's right eye so pass through the light of the odd-numbered line of spatial light modulator 42.On the contrary, because in the even number line of spatial light modulator 42, only the odd column transmitted light of spatial light modulator 42 is propagated towards beholder's left eye so pass through the light of the even number line of spatial light modulator 42.Therefore, the part corresponding with the part under third state spatial light modulator 42 LCD panel 47 shows eye image at the odd pixel row, shows left-eye image at the even pixel row.
Therefore, for example, when LCD panel 47 in first frame, show left-eye image at the odd pixel row, show eye image at the even pixel row, and in second frame, show eye image at the odd pixel row, when the even pixel row showed left-eye image, spatial light modulator 42 switched to second state when LCD panel 47 shows first frame, and switches to the third state when LCD panel 47 shows second frame.As mentioned above, owing to synchronously between second state and the third state, switch successively line by line according to the spatial light modulator 42 of current embodiment and the vertical scanning interval of LCD panel 47, so when LCD panel 47 shows first frame and second frame simultaneously, do not crosstalk.In addition, since LCD panel 47 according to interlacing scan method display image, so the reduction of resolution and the generation of flicker are minimized.
In auto-stereoscopic display device 40, can realize 2 dimension image models (2D pattern) in many ways according to current embodiment.For example, spatial light modulator 42 second and the third state between switch, and LCD panel 47 shows twice of same 2D images continuously.So, the odd-numbered line of same 2D image is discerned by left eye, and the even number line of same 2D image is discerned by right eye.Then, the even number line of same 2D image is discerned by left eye, and the odd-numbered line of same 2D image is discerned by right eye.Therefore, the beholder can feel the 2D image.According to another kind of mode, spatial light modulator 42 remain on all primitives all be under transparent first state in, LCD panel 47 shows the 2D image according to traditional approach.
Figure 20 be schematically illustrated according to the present invention the decomposition diagram of the structure of the high resolution autostereoscopic display apparatus 50 of another exemplary embodiment.With reference to Figure 20, comprise according to the high resolution autostereoscopic display apparatus 50 of current embodiment: back light unit 51; Polarization plates 52, transmission has particular polarization from the light that back light unit 51 sends light; Spatial light modulator 53 changes the polarization of incident light direction according to electric control; Particulate lens 55 separates eye viewing area L and right eye viewing area R left with incident light; Birefringent element array 56, wherein, a plurality of first horizontal birefringence element 56a and the second horizontal birefringence element 56b are arranged alternately on the vertical direction; LCD panel 57, display image.
According to current embodiment, back light unit 51 needs not be Splittable, can use the back light unit of prior art.Yet, similar with embodiment shown in Figure 5, can use Splittable back light unit 51.
In addition, the same with embodiment shown in Figure 4, LCD panel 57 is according to interlacing scan method (but not time sharing mode method) display image.That is, LCD panel 57 shows left-eye image and eye image by interlacing scan left eye and eye image.For example, in first frame, show left-eye image, show eye image from the even pixel row from the odd pixel row.At next frame, show eye image from the odd pixel row, show left-eye image from the even pixel row.
Spatial light modulator 53 comprises the controllable vertical row of a plurality of independences.According to current embodiment, spatial light modulator 53 can switch between two states.Promptly, spatial light modulator 53 switches between first state and second state, wherein, under first state, the odd number vertical row (below, be called odd column) do not change the polarization of incident light direction, and the even number vertical row (below, be called even column) the polarization of incident light direction is changed+90 ° or-90 °, under second state, odd column changes+90 ° or-90 ° with the polarization of incident light direction, and even column does not change the polarization of incident light direction.For example, under first state, the odd column of spatial light modulator 53 does not postpone the phase place of light, and even column is with phase delay+1/2 wavelength or-1/2 wavelength of light.Under second state, odd column is with phase delay+1/2 wavelength or-1/2 wavelength of light, and the even column of spatial light modulator 53 does not postpone the phase place of light.In addition, in current embodiment, spatial light modulator 53 can and vertical scanning interval of LCD panel 57 synchronously between first state and second state, switch fast successively line by line.
Figure 22 shows in detail the structure of the spatial light modulator 53 of high resolution autostereoscopic display apparatus shown in Figure 20 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention 50.With reference to Figure 22, spatial light modulator 53 can be a liquid crystal panel, comprises the liquid crystal layer 53a of OCB TN type or FELC type, vertically is arranged in even column electrode 53b and the odd column electrode 53c on the front surface of liquid crystal layer 53a with interdigital (inter-digit) method and is arranged in common electrode 53d on the rear surface of liquid crystal layer 53a.Even column electrode 53b and odd column electrode 53c electricity each other are independent.Therefore, spatial light modulator 53 is actuated to make that when voltage was applied to even column electrode 53b, voltage was not applied to odd column electrode 53c, perhaps on the contrary, when voltage was applied to odd column electrode 53c, voltage was not applied to even column electrode 53b.As shown in figure 22, common electrode 53d is split into a plurality of horizontal segments, thereby spatial light modulator 53 synchronously switched successively with the vertical scanning interval of LCD panel 57.The horizontal segment of common electrode 53d electricity each other is independent.Therefore, driving voltage can be applied to each horizontal segment of common electrode 53d successively according to the vertical scanning interval of LCD panel 57.Because spatial light modulator 53 can be operated by a plurality of horizontal segments that for example comprise separation, so spatial light modulator 53 switches so that the top of spatial light modulator 53 switches to first state, and the bottom of spatial light modulator 53 switches to second state.
Figure 19 is described as reference, and according to current embodiment, particulate lens 55 space-oriented optical modulators 53 also are parallel to spatial light modulator 53.Particulate lens 55 is arranged such that each lens element of particulate lens 55 is corresponding with two row of spatial light modulator 53.For accurately separate left viewing area L and right eye viewing area R, the spacing between the lens element of particulate lens 44 is equal to or slightly less than the twice of spacing of the row of spatial light modulator 53.That is, the width of vertical particulate lens element is equal to or slightly less than the width of two row of spatial light modulator 53.In addition, the distance between particulate lens 55 and the spatial light modulator 53 equals or is slightly larger than the focal length of vertical particulate lens element.
Figure 21 schematically shows the structure of the birefringent element array 56 of high resolution autostereoscopic display apparatus shown in Figure 20 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention 50.With reference to Figure 21, birefringent element array 56 comprises a plurality of first horizontal birefringence element 56a and the second horizontal birefringence element 56b that vertically alternately arranges.The first birefringence element 56a and the second birefringence element 56b are formed and change the polarization of incident light direction, so that be perpendicular to one another through the polarisation of light direction of the first birefringence element 56a and the second birefringence element 56b.For example, the first birefringence element 56a does not postpone the phase place of light, and the second birefringence element 56b can be with phase delay-1/2 wavelength of light or+delayer of 1/2 wavelength.In order to increase the altitude range that left eye and eye image are accurately separated, birefringent element array 56 also comprises the opaque mask 56c of bar shaped, this opaque mask 56c has width D 1, and along continuous straight runs is arranged between the first birefringence element 56a and the second birefringence element 56b.
According to current embodiment, the first birefringence element 56a and the second birefringence element 56b of birefringent element array 56 are corresponding with the pixel column of LCD panel 57.Therefore, the quantity of the first birefringence element 56a of birefringent element array 56 and the second birefringence element 56b equals the quantity of the pixel column of LCD panel 57.Fig. 6 is described as reference, and in order to prevent to be presented at the generation of the Moire pattern on the LCD panel 57, first birefringence element 56a of birefringent element array 56 and the spacing of the second birefringence element 56b can be slightly larger than the spacing of the pixel column of LCD panel 57.
Figure 23 shows the operation of auto-stereoscopic display device shown in Figure 20 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention 50.For convenience of explanation, suppose that polarization plates 52 has 45 ° polarization direction, the polarizer 57a that is positioned at the light incident side of LCD panel 57 has 135 ° polarization direction.In addition, suppose that the top of LCD panel 57 shows left-eye image at the odd pixel row, show eye image at the even pixel row at specified point.On the contrary, the bottom of LCD panel 57 shows eye image at the odd pixel row, shows left-eye image at the even pixel row.In same point, synchronous with LCD panel 57, the top of spatial light modulator 53 is in second state, and promptly when watching on the direction of propagating at light, odd column changes+90 ° with the polarization of incident light direction, and even column does not change the polarization of incident light direction.Simultaneously, the bottom of spatial light modulator 53 is in first state, and promptly even column changes+90 ° with the polarization of incident light direction, and odd column does not change the polarization of incident light direction.The first birefringence element 56a that supposes birefringent element array 56 does not change the polarization of incident light direction, and the second birefringence element 56b changes+90 ° with the polarization of incident light direction.
At first, will the light of propagating to the top of LCD panel 57 be described.With reference to Figure 23, the light of launching from back light unit 51 propagates into polarization plates 52, so that have 45 ° polarization direction.Owing to watch the top of time space optical modulator 53 to be in second state in the direction of propagating from light, so the light of the odd column on the top of process spatial light modulator 53 has 135 ° polarization direction, and the light of the even column on the top of process spatial light modulator 53 has 45 ° polarization direction.Because each lens element of particulate lens 55 is corresponding to two row of spatial light modulator 53, thus through the light of the odd column of spatial light modulator 53 always by particulate lens 55 deviation to the right, thereby propagate towards beholder's left eye.On the contrary, through the light of the even column of spatial light modulator 53 always by particulate lens 55 polarization left, thereby propagate towards beholder's right eye.Therefore, have 135 ° polarization direction through particulate lens 55 and towards the light that beholder's left eye is propagated, and have 45 ° polarization direction towards the light that beholder's right eye is propagated.
Then, a part of light is through the first birefringence element 56a of birefringent element array 56, and other parts light is through the second birefringence element 56b of birefringent element array 56.Because the first birefringence element 56a allows light in statu quo to pass through, so have 135 ° polarization direction through the first birefringence element 56a of birefringent element array 56 and towards the light that beholder's left eye is propagated, and have 45 ° polarization direction towards the light that beholder's right eye is propagated.On the contrary, because the second birefringence element 56b of birefringent element array 56 changes+90 ° with the polarization of incident light direction, so have 45 ° polarization direction through the second birefringence element 56b of birefringent element array 56 and towards the light that beholder's left eye is propagated, and have 135 ° polarization direction towards the light that beholder's right eye is propagated.
Incide through the light of birefringent element array 56 on the polarizer 57a of light incident side of LCD panel 57.Yet, because the polarizer 57a of the light incident side of LCD panel 57 has 135 ° polarization direction, so only can pass through polarizer 57a through first birefringence element 56a of birefringent element array 56 and the light of propagating towards beholder's left eye.On the contrary, in the light of the second birefringence element 56b that passes through birefringent element array 56, only the light of propagating towards beholder's right eye can pass through polarizer 57a.As a result, in the light through polarizer 57a, the light of propagating towards beholder's left eye incides on the odd pixel row of LCD panel 57, and the light of propagating towards beholder's right eye incides on the even pixel row of LCD panel 57.As mentioned above, the top of LCD panel 57 shows left-eye image at the odd pixel row, shows eye image at the even pixel row.Therefore, left-eye image can be propagated towards beholder's left eye, and eye image can be propagated towards beholder's right eye.
Top description is described the light of propagating towards the top of LCD panel 57.Available aforesaid same principle is described the light of propagating towards the bottom of LCD panel 57.In this case, because when on the direction that light is propagated, watching, the bottom of spatial light modulator 53 is in first state, so the light of the odd column of the bottom of process spatial light modulator 53 has 45 ° polarization direction, the light of the even column of the bottom of process spatial light modulator 53 has 135 ° polarization direction.As a result, in the light through polarizer 57a, the light of propagating towards beholder's left eye incides on the even pixel row of LCD panel 57, and the light of propagating towards beholder's right eye incides on the odd pixel row of LCD panel 57.As mentioned above, the bottom of LCD panel 57 shows eye image at the odd pixel row, shows left-eye image at the even pixel row.Therefore, left-eye image can be propagated towards beholder's left eye, and eye image can be propagated towards beholder's right eye.
Therefore, spatial light modulator 53 and birefringent element array 56 are controlled on the pixel column of demonstration left-eye image that the light of propagating towards the left eye viewing area incides display floater 57 together, and the light that control is propagated towards the right eye viewing area incides on the pixel column of demonstration eye image of display floater 57.Therefore, spatial light modulator 53 and birefringent element array 56 constitute polarization switch together.
Claims (44)
1. auto-stereoscopic display device comprises:
Back light unit;
Polarization plates is arranged on the back light unit front;
Display floater shows left-eye image and eye image by the pixel column of interlacing scan left-eye image successively and eye image alternately;
The particulate lens is arranged between polarization plates and the display floater, is used for the light of back light unit emission is separated eye viewing area and right eye viewing area left; With
Polarization switch, synchronous with the vertical scanning interval of display floater, the polarisation of light direction that control is propagated towards the left eye viewing area is so that light incides on the pixel column of demonstration left-eye image of display floater, and the polarisation of light direction propagated towards the right eye viewing area of control is so that light incides on the pixel column of demonstration eye image of display floater.
2. equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described polarization switch comprises:
Spatial light modulator is arranged between polarization plates and the particulate lens, switches changing between first, second and the third state of polarization of incident light direction according to electric control;
First birefringent element array, be arranged between spatial light modulator and the particulate lens, be included in a plurality of first and second vertical birefringence elements that horizontal directions is replaced, be used to change the polarization of incident light direction so that through the polarisation of light direction of first birefringence element perpendicular to polarisation of light direction through second birefringence element;
Second birefringent element array, be arranged between particulate lens and the display floater, be included in a plurality of third and fourth horizontal birefringence element that replaces on the vertical direction, be used to change the polarization of incident light direction so that through the polarisation of light direction of the 3rd birefringence element perpendicular to polarisation of light direction through the 4th birefringence element.
3. equipment as claimed in claim 2, wherein, each in third and fourth birefringence element of second birefringent element array is corresponding to a pixel column of display floater.
4. equipment as claimed in claim 2, wherein, second birefringent element array also comprises the opaque mask of the bar shaped that is arranged between third and fourth birefringence element.
5. equipment as claimed in claim 4, also comprise the black matrix between the pixel that is arranged on display floater, wherein, the width of black matrix is D2, the width of opaque mask is D1, distance between the pixel of display floater and second birefringent element array is t, and the viewing distance of distance display panel is L, and the height H 2 of the viewing area of not crosstalking satisfies following equation:
H2＝(L/t)(D1+D2)。
6. equipment as claimed in claim 2, wherein, the spacing between third and fourth birefringence element of second birefringent element array is greater than the spacing between the pixel column of display floater in vertical direction in vertical direction.
7. equipment as claimed in claim 2, wherein, in the first, second, third and the 4th birefringence element each comprises the polarizer with predetermined polarization, so that the plane of polarization of the polarizer of first birefringence element is perpendicular to the plane of polarization of the polarizer of second birefringence element, the plane of polarization of the polarizer of the 3rd birefringence element is perpendicular to the plane of polarization of the polarizer of the 4th birefringence element.
8. equipment as claimed in claim 2, wherein, in the first, second, third and the 4th birefringence element each comprises the delayer that incident light is postponed predetermined phase, wherein, phase-delay difference between the delayer of first and second birefringence elements is that the phase-delay difference between the delayer of λ/2, the third and fourth birefringence elements is λ/2.
9. equipment as claimed in claim 2, wherein, in the first, second, third and the 4th birefringence element each comprises the polarization apparatus that makes incident light rotation predetermined angular, wherein, anglec of rotation difference between the polarization apparatus of first and second birefringence elements is 90 °, and the anglec of rotation difference between the polarization apparatus of third and fourth birefringence element is 90 °.
10. equipment as claimed in claim 2, wherein, spatial light modulator is changed between the third state that second state of circularly polarized light and polarization of incident light direction change 90 ° at immovable first state of polarization of incident light direction, polarization of incident light state and is switched.
11. equipment as claimed in claim 10, wherein, spatial light modulator is the controlled liquid crystal retardation device of electricity.
12. equipment as claimed in claim 10 wherein, when spatial light modulator is in first state, is propagated towards the left eye viewing area through the light of the 3rd birefringence element, propagates towards the right eye viewing area through the light of the 4th birefringence element.
13. equipment as claimed in claim 12 wherein, when spatial light modulator is in the third state, is propagated towards the right eye viewing area through the light of the 3rd birefringence element, propagates towards the left eye viewing area through the light of the 4th birefringence element.
14. equipment as claimed in claim 2, wherein, the particulate lens comprises a plurality of vertical particulate lens elements, and first and second birefringence elements of first birefringent element array arranged and be parallel to by described vertical particulate lens element along horizontal direction.
15. as claim 14 described equipment, wherein, the spacing between the vertical particulate lens element of particulate lens is not more than the spacing between paired first and second birefringence elements of first birefringent element array.
16. equipment as claimed in claim 14, wherein, the distance between the particulate lens and first birefringent element array is not less than the focal length of vertical particulate lens element.
17., wherein, thereby propagate towards the left eye viewing area by the particulate lens, thereby propagate towards the right eye viewing area by the particulate lens through the light of second birefringence element through the light of first birefringence element as claim 14 described equipment.
18. equipment as claimed in claim 2, wherein, back light unit and spatial light modulator all are split into a plurality of horizontal segments, and the vertical scanning interval of described a plurality of horizontal segments and display floater synchronously switches successively.
19. as claim 18 described equipment, wherein, back light unit and spatial light modulator are split into a plurality of horizontal segments that make it possible to switch independently and arrange along vertical direction, and the quantity of the horizontal segment of back light unit equals the quantity of the horizontal segment of spatial light modulator.
20. equipment as claimed in claim 19, wherein, the respective horizontal section of back light unit and spatial light modulator is switched simultaneously.
21. equipment as claimed in claim 18, wherein, a horizontal segment of each in back light unit and the spatial light modulator is corresponding with a plurality of pixel columns of display floater.
22. equipment as claimed in claim 18, wherein, display floater shows the image that is used for the left eye viewing area of first frame at the odd pixel row, the image that is used for the right eye viewing area that shows first frame at the even pixel row, and show the image that is used for the left eye viewing area of second frame at the even pixel row, show the image that is used for the right eye viewing area of second frame at the odd pixel row.
23. equipment as claimed in claim 22, wherein, in each horizontal segment of spatial light modulator, first and the third state of spatial light modulator and display floater synchronously alternately switch according to chronological order.
24. equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described polarization switch comprises:
Spatial light modulator is arranged between polarization plates and the particulate lens, comprises a plurality of first vertical row and second vertical row, and described first vertical row and second vertical row change the polarization of incident light direction, is independently controlled and alternately is provided with;
Birefringent element array, be arranged between particulate lens and the display floater, be included in a plurality of first and second horizontal birefringence elements that replace on the vertical direction, be used to change the polarization of incident light direction so that through the polarisation of light direction of first birefringence element perpendicular to polarisation of light direction through second birefringence element.
25. equipment as claimed in claim 24, wherein, each of the first and second horizontal birefringence elements of birefringent element array is corresponding to a pixel column of display floater.
26. equipment as claimed in claim 24, wherein, birefringent element array also comprises the opaque mask of bar shaped that is arranged between the first and second horizontal birefringence elements.
27. equipment as claimed in claim 24, wherein, the spacing between first and second of the birefringent element array horizontal birefringence elements is greater than the spacing between the pixel column of display floater in vertical direction in vertical direction.
28. equipment as claimed in claim 24, wherein, the first and second horizontal birefringence elements include the delayer of the phase place that postpones incident light, and wherein, the phase-delay difference between the delayer of the delayer of the first horizontal birefringence element and the second horizontal birefringence element is λ/2.
29. equipment as claimed in claim 24, wherein, spatial light modulator switches between first state and second state, wherein, under first state, first vertical row does not change the polarization of incident light direction, and second vertical row changes+90 ° or-90 ° with the polarization of incident light direction, under second state, first vertical row changes+90 ° or-90 ° with the polarization of incident light direction, and second vertical row does not change the polarization of incident light direction.
30. equipment as claimed in claim 24, wherein, the particulate lens comprises a plurality of vertical particulate lens elements, and the vertical row of spatial light modulator arranged and be parallel to by described a plurality of vertical particulate lens elements along horizontal direction.
31. equipment as claimed in claim 30, wherein, the spacing between the vertical particulate lens element of particulate lens is not more than the twice of the spacing between the vertical row of spatial light modulator.
32. equipment as claimed in claim 30, wherein, particulate lens and the distance between the spatial light modulator are not less than the focal length of vertical particulate lens element.
33. equipment as claimed in claim 24, wherein, display floater repeatedly shows the image that is used for left eye of first frame at the odd pixel row, the image that is used for right eye that shows first frame at the even pixel row, and show the image that is used for left eye of second frame at the even pixel row, show the image that is used for right eye of second frame at the odd pixel row.
34. equipment as claimed in claim 24, wherein, spatial light modulator comprises a plurality of horizontal segments that synchronously switch successively with the vertical scanning interval of display floater.
35. equipment as claimed in claim 34, wherein, spatial light modulator comprises:
Liquid crystal layer;
First and second vertical column electrodes are arranged on the front surface of liquid crystal layer in vertical direction, face with each other according to interdigital array;
Common electrode is arranged on the rear surface of liquid crystal layer,
Wherein, common electrode comprises a plurality of horizontal segments.
36. an automatic display device comprises:
Back light unit;
The particulate lens will separate eye viewing area and right eye viewing area left from the light of back light unit emission;
Display floater shows left-eye image and eye image by the pixel column of interlacing scan left-eye image successively and eye image alternately; With
Spatial light modulator is arranged between back light unit and the particulate lens, comprises a plurality of primitives, and the vertical scanning interval of described a plurality of primitives and display floater is independent switching the between pellucidity and opaque state synchronously,
Wherein, the primitive of spatial light modulator is arranged two-dimensionally along row and column,
Wherein, the vertical scanning interval of spatial light modulator and display floater synchronously line by line successively second and the third state between switch, wherein, under second state, transparent primitive and opaque primitive are according to the grid pattern arrangement, under the third state, the transparent primitive under second state becomes opaque primitive, and the opaque primitive under second state becomes transparent primitive.
37. equipment as claimed in claim 36, wherein, spatial light modulator also has first state to show two dimensional image, and wherein, under first state, all primitives all are transparent.
38. equipment as claimed in claim 36, wherein, display floater repeatedly shows the left-eye image of first frame at the odd pixel row, shows the eye image of first frame at the even pixel row, show the left-eye image of second frame at the even pixel row, show the eye image of second frame at the odd pixel row.
39. equipment as claimed in claim 36, wherein, the quantity of the primitive on the vertical direction of spatial light modulator equals the quantity of the pixel column of display floater.
40. equipment as claimed in claim 36, wherein, the particulate lens comprises along horizontal direction to be arranged and a plurality of vertical particulate lens element parallel with spatial light modulator.
41. equipment as claimed in claim 36, wherein, the width of the vertical particulate lens element of particulate lens is not less than the width of two primitives of spatial light modulator.
42. equipment as claimed in claim 36, wherein, particulate lens and the distance between the spatial light modulator are not more than the focal length of vertical particulate lens element.
43. equipment as claimed in claim 36 comprises that also along continuous straight runs is arranged on the primitive of the spatial light modulator opaque mask of bar shaped between capable.
44. equipment as claimed in claim 36, wherein, the spacing between the opaque mask of the level of spatial light modulator is greater than the spacing between the pixel column of display floater in vertical direction.
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| KR1020060067301A KR101255209B1 (en) | 2006-05-04 | 2006-07-19 | Hihg resolution autostereoscopic display apparatus with lnterlaced image |
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| PCT/KR2007/001884 WO2007129816A1 (en) | 2006-05-04 | 2007-04-18 | High resolution autostereoscopic display apparatus with interlaced image |
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| CN101356832B true CN101356832B (en) | 2011-06-22 |
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| CN1269103A (en) * | 1997-06-28 | 2000-10-04 | 英国国防部 | autostereoscopic display |
| CN2422659Y (en) * | 2000-01-29 | 2001-03-07 | 杨克立 | Laminated liquid crystal three-dimensional image display screen |
| CN1526243A (en) * | 2001-07-11 | 2004-09-01 | �ʼҷ����ֵ�������˾ | Colour autostereoscopic display apparatus |
| CN1784022A (en) * | 2004-11-30 | 2006-06-07 | 三星Sdi株式会社 | Barrier device and stereoscopic image display using the same |
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2007
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5969850A (en) * | 1996-09-27 | 1999-10-19 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Spatial light modulator, directional display and directional light source |
| CN1269103A (en) * | 1997-06-28 | 2000-10-04 | 英国国防部 | autostereoscopic display |
| CN1247323A (en) * | 1999-06-14 | 2000-03-15 | 陈定万 | Steroscopic display |
| CN2422659Y (en) * | 2000-01-29 | 2001-03-07 | 杨克立 | Laminated liquid crystal three-dimensional image display screen |
| CN1526243A (en) * | 2001-07-11 | 2004-09-01 | �ʼҷ����ֵ�������˾ | Colour autostereoscopic display apparatus |
| CN1784022A (en) * | 2004-11-30 | 2006-06-07 | 三星Sdi株式会社 | Barrier device and stereoscopic image display using the same |
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| JP特开2004-325494A 2004.11.18 |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108445633A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-08-24 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | A kind of VR head-mounted display apparatus, VR display methods and VR display systems |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101356832A (en) | 2009-01-28 |
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