CN101343702A - Leadless environment friendly silicon brass alloy material suitable for gravity force cast and manufacture method thereof - Google Patents
Leadless environment friendly silicon brass alloy material suitable for gravity force cast and manufacture method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101343702A CN101343702A CNA2008100424145A CN200810042414A CN101343702A CN 101343702 A CN101343702 A CN 101343702A CN A2008100424145 A CNA2008100424145 A CN A2008100424145A CN 200810042414 A CN200810042414 A CN 200810042414A CN 101343702 A CN101343702 A CN 101343702A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a lead-free environment-friendly silicon brass alloy material suitable for gravity casting. The chemical elements of the alloy material comprises 70 to 80 percent of brass, 0.7 to 3.0 percent of silicon, 0.2 to 0.70 percent of aluminum, 0.1 percent or less than 0.1 percent of lead, 0.5 percent or less than 0.5 percent of iron, 0.3 percent or less than 0.3 percent of tin, 0.5 percent or less than 0.5 percent of nickel, balance zinc and unavoidable impurities. The lead content of the silicon brass alloy material is greatly reduced and conforms to the environmental protection and health requirements, and meanwhile the lead-free environment-friendly silicon brass alloy material has excellent casing performance, is suitable for casting, in particular for larger-scale gravity casting, and has extensively application prospect in the sanitary-ware industry.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of lead-free brass alloys, relate in particular to a kind of lead-free free-cutting environmental protection silicon brass alloy material with excellent castability, corrosion resistance nature, follow-up machinability.They are specially adapted to waterworks foundry goods, valve member etc., are the metallic substance that helps human health and environment protection, also are the meeting of present widespread use causes the leaded brass of baneful influence to human body and environment good substitutes.
Background technology
Leaded brass has excellent mechanical property and physicals and advantages of good casting and cutting ability, and it is cheap, thereby be widely used in instrument, electronics, electrical equipment, haberdashery and hardware, potable water system etc., wherein especially with production, the application quantity maximum of Hpb59-1.
Yet lead and compound thereof are one of chemical substances of 17 kinds of serious harm human longevities and physical environment, lead in the alloy is in use very easily invaded out from matrix or is deviate from, lead in the industrial gaseous waste product water system that then permeates the ground, various forms of lead enter animal or human's food chain by all means, harm humans health influences environment.The medical expert of countries in the world has found that copper alloy containing lead has constituted threat to human health and environmental health in recent years, and medical facility such as European Union, the U.S., Japan, China have all been made the report that copper alloy containing lead works the mischief to human environment.In view of the hazardness of lead to the human health environment, the U.S., Japan, EU countries has put into effect the government that copper alloy containing lead is used in succession and has ordered within a certain time, Chinese Government has also put into effect with the world and has ordered the corresponding to mandatory rules of laws such as " electronics and IT products prevention and cure of pollution management methods " within a certain time, (Japan must be less than 0.01mg/L to the lead content in the copper alloy (wherein the content of electronics and IT products lead must less than 0.1%) with in the leaching amount of Pb in Drinking Water, the U.S. must be less than 0.0011%) made ordering within a certain time of strict control respectively, and will constantly reduce wherein lead content, the application of copper alloy containing lead is being faced with strict restriction and challenge, and prospect will be more and more severe, therefore no leaded brass of exploitation and no lead bronze substitute the water tap in the drinking-water system, the leaded brass of purposes such as water meter and leaded bronze become the key subjects that current metallic substance industry is faced, and also are the important process that response world's recycling economy (EHS plan) requires.
At above-mentioned situation, developed no lead brass alloy in the prior art.The no lead brass alloy that relates in the prior art mainly contains the Chinese patent application 200410004292.2 of German company, 200410004293.7 in a kind of " Pb-free copper-alloy and application thereof " disclosed respectively, relate to Pb-free copper-alloy based on copper-zinc-Xi, its component mainly comprises 60% to 70% copper, 0.5 to 3.5% tin and other cohesiveness elements: 0.01% to 0.5% iron and/or cobalt, 0.01% to 0.5% nickel, 0.01 to 0.5% manganese and/or silicon, surplus is zinc and unavoidable impurities.Also optionally add in addition and be up to 3% magnesium, silver, aluminium, arsenic, antimony, titanium, the zirconium that is up to 0.2% phosphorus and is up to 0.5%.Such Pb-free copper-alloy is mainly used in contact, pin and the tightening member in the electrotechnics and the communication technology.Can also be used in container in transportation or storage of liquids or the gas containers, particularly Refrigeration Technique or the pipeline in the sanitary engineering, water fitting, tap prolongs pipe, pipe connector and valve.Above-mentioned alloy material has been taken into account all multi-usages as plastic metal, rolled alloy or casting alloy, but causes the real drawback in the application in practice process.For example not good because of flowability in castingprocesses, if be applied in the middle of the gravitational casting, crackle can occur, water less than more casting flaws such as, shrinkage cavities, cause casting yield to descend, influence casting cost and foundry goods are as the application of expensive goods.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the prior art above shortcomings, a kind of leadless environment-friendly silicon brass alloy material of suitable gravitational casting and the method for preparing this kind bell metal are provided.Utilize leadless environment-friendly brass alloy material of the present invention to reach the reduction lead content, meet the requirement of environment protection health, will make it possess good castability simultaneously, particularly meet the performance requriements of large-scale gravitational casting.
The technical scheme that the present invention proposes is as follows:
A kind of leadless environment-friendly silicon brass alloy material of suitable gravitational casting is characterized in that the chemical element of this alloy material is composed as follows:
The element mass percent
Copper: 70%～80%
Silicon: 0.7%～3.0%
Aluminium: 0.2%～0.70%
Plumbous :≤0.1%
Iron :≤0.5%
Tin :≤0.3%
Nickel :≤0.5%
Surplus is zinc and unavoidable impurities.
As the prioritization scheme of above-mentioned brass alloy material, the chemical element of this alloy material is composed as follows:
The element mass percent
Copper: 75%～78%
Silicon: 0.9%～2.8%
Aluminium: 0.4%～0.65%
Plumbous :≤0.05%
Iron :≤0.4%
Tin :≤0.2%
Nickel :≤0.3%
Surplus is zinc and unavoidable impurities.
Prepare the method for the leadless environment-friendly brass alloy material of above-mentioned suitable gravitational casting, this method comprises the steps:
A kind of method for preparing the leadless environment-friendly silicon brass alloy material of above-mentioned suitable gravitational casting is characterized in that this method comprises the steps:
Copper+charcoal → fusing → interpolation copper silicon master alloy → fusing → zinc → stirring → P-Cu → refining → sampling, on-the-spot sample analysis, cast is left standstill → is come out of the stove in composition adjustment → drag for slag,
The first step, the preheating line frequency induction furnace is selected cathode copper for use, and is reinforced in line frequency induction furnace;
In second step, progressively heat line frequency induction furnace, melting copper;
The 3rd step, add copper silicon master alloy, wherein the mass percent of silicon is 20～40%;
In the 4th step, fusing is fully stirred and is added No. zero zinc, fully stirs to make the alloy liquation mix;
The 5th step, add the P-Cu alloy and carry out deoxidation, add refining agent and stirring;
The 6th step, fully stir the back at sampling analysis, the composition adjustment is until meeting above-mentioned castability requirement;
The 7th step, leave standstill, drag for slag, 1000～1100 ℃ of insulations, voltage 210V leaves standstill and made contamination precipitation in 20 minutes or float to purify the alloy liquation;
In the 8th step, be warmed up to 1150～1160 ℃ of cast of coming out of the stove.
The mass percent of phosphorus is 5%～20% in the P-Cu alloy in described the 5th step.
The mass percent of the refining agent in described the 5th step consists of: fluorite 50%, sodium aluminum fluoride 20%, borax 10%, cupric oxide 20%.
The content of analyzing in described the 6th step comprises:
1. composition analysis is analyzed the back and is adjusted element ratio;
2. metallographic crystal grain detects and fluidity test, adds refining agent as not reaching requirement;
3. minute surface detects, the hard point number after the sample for reference polishing.
With respect to prior art, technique scheme has been brought following technique effect:
The first, brass alloy material of the present invention has reduced lead content, make its lead content be lower than 0.1%, meet the Compulsory Feature of country to lead content, because silicon brass alloy of the present invention is mainly used in the first-class sanitary equipment industry of the fire hose, big to HUMAN HEALTH influence, then the content of lead element is significantly less than the content standard of traditional brass alloys in its alloy.
The second, on the basis that meets the environment protection health standard, the present invention utilizes element silicon to replace lead element, control its content and with the use level of other elements, make it possess good castability, be mobile, or the surface smoothness of foundry goods and grain size and degree of uniformity all meet the particularly quality requirements of high-grade sanitary appliance of sanitary equipment.
Three, brass alloys of the present invention are more conducive to gravitational casting than the brass alloys of prior art, flowability to the alloy liquation in the gravitational casting requires more much higher than conventional cast, represented the trend of sanitary equipment industry casting, brass alloys of the present invention are the most outstanding is that the flowability of alloy liquation improves greatly, has guaranteed the quality and the yield rate of brass gravitational casting.
Embodiment
Come leadless environment-friendly brass alloy material and preparation method thereof to be described in further detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment, but can not limit protection scope of the present invention with this to suitable gravitational casting of the present invention.
The total composition formation of leadless environment-friendly brass alloy material that the present invention is fit to gravitational casting requires as follows:
The element mass percent
Copper: 70%～80%
Silicon: 0.7%～3.0%
Aluminium: 0.2%～0.70%
Plumbous :≤0.1%
Iron :≤0.5%
Tin :≤0.3%
Nickel :≤0.5%
Surplus is zinc and unavoidable impurities.
Under the prerequisite that above-mentioned composition requires, reach better technique effect as a kind of distributing rationally, following scheme is proposed:
The element mass percent
Copper: 75%～78%
Silicon: 0.9%～2.8%
Aluminium: 0.4%～0.65%
Plumbous :≤0.05%
Iron :≤0.4%
Tin :≤0.2%
Nickel :≤0.3%
Surplus is zinc and unavoidable impurities.
Prepare the method for the leadless environment-friendly silicon brass alloy material of above-mentioned suitable gravitational casting, this method comprises the steps:
A kind of method for preparing the leadless environment-friendly silicon brass alloy material of above-mentioned suitable gravitational casting, this method comprises the steps:
Copper+charcoal → fusing → interpolation copper silicon master alloy → fusing → zinc → stirring → P-Cu → refining → sampling, on-the-spot sample analysis, composition adjustment → drag for slag, leave standstill → come out of the stove cast:
The first step, the preheating line frequency induction furnace is selected cathode copper and charcoal for use, and reinforced in line frequency induction furnace, wherein charcoal is covered on the cathode copper to play insulation effect;
In second step, progressively heat line frequency induction furnace, the fusing cathode copper;
The 3rd step, add copper silicon master alloy, the mass percentage content of silicon is 20%～40% in the cupro silicon;
In the 4th step, fusing is fully stirred and is added No. zero zinc, fully stirs to make the alloy liquation mix, and the interpolation of No. zero zinc is added to principle with fritter;
The 5th step, add P-Cu and carry out deoxidation, add refining agent and stirring, the mass percent of described refining agent consists of: fluorite 50%, sodium aluminum fluoride 20%, borax 10%, cupric oxide 20%;
The 6th step, fully stir the back at sampling analysis, the composition adjustment is until meeting above-mentioned castability requirement;
The 7th step, leave standstill, drag for slag, 1000～1100 ℃ of insulations are left standstill and were made contamination precipitation in 20 minutes or float to purify the alloy liquation;
In the 8th step, be warmed up to 1150～1160 ℃ of cast of coming out of the stove.
The content of analyzing in described the 6th step comprises:
1. composition analysis, the composition of each element of employing spectrometer analysis is analyzed the back and is adjusted element ratio;
2. metallographic crystal grain detects and fluidity test, adds refining agent as not reaching requirement, and metallographic crystal grain detects and carries out with metaloscope, and fluidity test then is to adopt liquation is flow through cylinder inner wall to check streamline length;
3. minute surface detects, and the hard point number after the sample for reference polishing is come classification according to the number of hard point on the sample, and can provide its rank by adding refining agent.
In concrete practice, selected for use following three outstanding proportioning components to produce the no lead brass alloy ingot that meets application in practice.Constituent content is a mass percent in the form.
| Element | Copper | Silicon | Aluminium | Plumbous | Iron | Tin | Nickel | Zinc and impurity |
| Embodiment one | 70 | 0.7 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 27.675 |
| Embodiment two | 80 | 3.0 | 0.7 | 0.05 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 15.632 |
| Embodiment three | 75 | 2.8 | 0.5 | 0.02 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 20.759 |
Compare with the castability of brass alloys of the prior art, test-results is as follows:
By above-mentioned test-results and actual production practice, the leadless environment-friendly brass alloy material that can know suitable gravitational casting of the present invention possesses good castability is arranged, and existing simultaneously brass greatly reduces plumbous content, meets the requirement of environment protection health.
Claims (6)
1. the leadless environment-friendly silicon brass alloy material of a suitable gravitational casting is characterized in that the chemical constitution of this alloy material is as follows:
The element mass percent
Copper: 70%～80%
Silicon: 0.7%～3.0%
Aluminium: 0.2%～0.70%
Plumbous :≤0.1%
Iron :≤0.5%
Tin :≤0.3%
Nickel :≤0.5%
Surplus is zinc and unavoidable impurities.
2. the leadless environment-friendly silicon brass alloy material of a kind of suitable gravitational casting according to claim 1 is characterized in that the chemical constitution of this alloy material is as follows:
The element mass percent
Copper: 70%～78%
Silicon: 0.9%～2.8%
Aluminium: 0.4%～0.65%
Plumbous :≤0.05%
Iron :≤0.4%
Tin :≤0.2%
Nickel :≤0.3%
Surplus is zinc and unavoidable impurities.
3. a method for preparing the leadless environment-friendly silicon brass alloy material of claim 1 or the described a kind of suitable gravitational casting of claim 2 is characterized in that this method comprises the steps:
The first step, the preheating line frequency induction furnace is selected cathode copper and charcoal for use, and is reinforced in line frequency induction furnace, and charcoal is covered on the cathode copper;
In second step, progressively heat line frequency induction furnace, the fusing cathode copper;
The 3rd step, add copper silicon master alloy, wherein the mass percent of silicon is 20～40%;
In the 4th step, fusing is fully stirred and is added No. zero zinc, fully stirs to make the alloy liquation mix;
The 5th step, add the P-Cu alloy and carry out deoxidation, add refining agent and stirring;
The 6th step, fully stir the back at sampling analysis, the composition adjustment is until meeting above-mentioned castability requirement;
The 7th step, leave standstill, drag for slag, 1000～1100 ℃ of insulations, voltage 210V leaves standstill and made contamination precipitation in 20 minutes or float to purify the alloy liquation;
In the 8th step, be warmed up to 1150～1160 ℃ of cast of coming out of the stove.
4. the method for the leadless environment-friendly silicon brass alloy material of a kind of suitable gravitational casting according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the mass percent of phosphorus is 5%～20% in the P-Cu alloy in described the 5th step.
5. the method for the leadless environment-friendly silicon brass alloy material of a kind of suitable gravitational casting according to claim 3, it is characterized in that the mass percent of the refining agent in described the 5th step consists of: fluorite 50%, sodium aluminum fluoride 20%, borax 10%, cupric oxide 20%.
6. the method for the leadless environment-friendly silicon brass alloy material of a kind of suitable gravitational casting according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the content of analyzing in described the 6th step comprises:
1. composition analysis is analyzed the back and is adjusted element ratio;
2. metallographic crystal grain detects and fluidity test, adds refining agent as not reaching requirement;
3. minute surface detects, the hard point number after the sample for reference polishing.
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| CNA2008100424145A CN101343702A (en) | 2008-09-03 | 2008-09-03 | Leadless environment friendly silicon brass alloy material suitable for gravity force cast and manufacture method thereof |
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| CNA2008100424145A CN101343702A (en) | 2008-09-03 | 2008-09-03 | Leadless environment friendly silicon brass alloy material suitable for gravity force cast and manufacture method thereof |
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Open date: 20090114 |