CN101338653A - Well wall gripping element - Google Patents
Well wall gripping element Download PDFInfo
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- CN101338653A CN101338653A CNA2008100814521A CN200810081452A CN101338653A CN 101338653 A CN101338653 A CN 101338653A CN A2008100814521 A CNA2008100814521 A CN A2008100814521A CN 200810081452 A CN200810081452 A CN 200810081452A CN 101338653 A CN101338653 A CN 101338653A
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- gripping element
- borehole wall
- curved surfaces
- crawler belt
- driving mechanism
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells
- E21B23/14—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells for displacing a cable or a cable-operated tool, e.g. for logging or perforating operations in deviated wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells
- E21B23/001—Self-propelling systems or apparatus, e.g. for moving tools within the horizontal portion of a borehole
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
- E21B4/18—Anchoring or feeding in the borehole
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a gripping element for incorporation into a track of a downhole tractor. The gripping element may be configured with an arcuate or curved surface in order to roughly match the arcuate nature of a well through which the downhole tractor is advanced. Due to the matching arcuate surfaces of the gripping element and the wall of the well, problems associated with uneven wear on the tracks may be avoided. Furthermore, damage to the well wall may be minimized as a result of the substantially matching surfaces of the well wall and the track made up of such gripping elements. Additionally, the gripping element may be made up of primarily a monolithic body in order to avoid challenges presented by some segmented body configurations.
Description
Technical field
Described embodiment relates to the down-hole tractor of using in the industry of oil field.The element of various down-holes tractor has been discussed.Particularly, understand the embodiment of the gripping element connector that is used for down-hole tractor crawler belt in detail.
Background technology
Drive unit in the industry of oil field as the down-hole tractor, can together be used with the operation and the completion of oil gas well (hydrocarbonwells).For example, the down-hole tractor can be used for transmitting equipment such as logging tool, and equipment such as these logging tools are used to collect and write down the geological information of relevant oil well, and finally makes its productivity reach optimum.In high angle hole or horizontal well, use by this way to have this drive unit to transmit logging tool be very favorable.This is to deliver logging tool because the down-hole tractor is good in high angle hole or crooked hole structure, in this high angle hole or crooked hole structure, adopts the scheme that vertically hangs logging tool to be difficult to realize.
Down-hole above-mentioned tractor can be operated by rotatable crawler belt, and this rotatable crawler belt is configured to contact the borehole wall and rotates so that the down-hole tractor is advanced with respect to the borehole wall against the borehole wall.For example, the down-hole tractor is equipped with frame placed in the middle, and this frame placed in the middle is connected to the crawler belt mating face (tracks interfacing) relative with the side of the borehole wall.Crawler belt can be made up of a plurality of connectors that are similar to chain.As the agricultural caterpillar tractor or the tank of routine, crawler belt rotation then, the borehole wall is lived in the connector extruding, so that realize the advancing of tractor drive unit in the wellhole.Like this, be attached at the plant and instrument on the tractor, for example aforementioned logging tool can transmit in well.
Its width of connector above-mentioned is about 1-4cm usually, forms (as the plate among Fig. 3 359 and 360) by a plurality of plates.These plates itself can be made up of stainless steel or other durable materials, and its thickness is no more than 4mm.Owing to limited thickness of slab, so these plates can adopt relatively cheap traditional stamping technology to form.But, 4-10 plate can pile up by an appointment connector, so that realize the connector width of required 1-4cm.
Yet when the down-hole tractor was constructed by various wells applicable to driven tool, the connector of these crawler belts was very easy to wear and fracture.In addition, because the limited thickness of plate, the tooth of plate (seeing Fig. 3, tooth 310) is in line, and forms a straight line roughly by the connector width.Through use after a while, the tooth of arranging in a line will cause the uneven wear of plate.This is because the circumference characteristic of the borehole wall causes.When rectilinear tooth attempts to contact the arc well, the outer peripheral plate of the connector contact borehole wall (as position 315) only, thus the wearing and tearing that make these plates are bigger than the wearing and tearing of the plate of other more close connector longitudinal center.As a result, these plates are just more fragile than other plate.
In addition, owing to do not contact the borehole wall than large tracts of land on the connector width, so the connector of prior art can not effectively push the borehole wall.This point is conclusive, is in particular in tooth 310 jackings of outmost plate 359 and damages the borehole wall; The tooth 310 of outmost plate 359 may wear to and makes next outmost plate (that is the plate 360 of adjacent outmost plate 359) contact the borehole wall.
The load size of down-hole tractor transmission is to influence the wearing and tearing of the borehole wall itself or the factor of the degree of wear.The size of load roughly is decided by to be applied to the size of the power on the mating face of the crawler belt and the borehole wall.Suppose that the down-hole tractor is used for transporting relatively large load (as logging tool), the degree of wear may be quite serious so.Therefore, when crawler belt advanced by borehole wall surface rotatably, the inhomogeneous contact between them may finally cause crawler belt wearing and tearing and/or fault, even damaged the borehole wall.
Because operating period, aforementioned crawler belt fault took place, so downtime and equipment reparation that the instrument maintenance causes will produce sizable cost.And even before crawler belt completely loses function, this uneven wear of crawler belt and its connector will cause the increase of the intrinsic reactance capacity of down-hole tractor in operation process.For example, just before crawler belt was entirely ineffective, crawler belt only was left outward flange, and it can not make the down-hole tractor advance in wellhole effectively.The essence of this wearing and tearing is exactly the forfeiture that causes the grip capacity of crawler belt, even may cause sliding.This causes the increase of borehole wall infringement again.
Opposite with the uneven wear of above-described crawler belt, because the circumference characteristic can directly cause the wearing and tearing to the borehole wall.Under the certain situation below, when intending passing the open hole structure as the down-hole tractor (openwell configurations), the wearing and tearing that the borehole wall is produced more should cause concern than the wearing and tearing of crawler belt.That is, the down-hole tractor needs directly to contact with soil matrix.Therefore, the down-hole tractor need pass across various soil and hold knot degree (soil consistencies), comprises soft even the easier borehole wall that collapses.The inhomogeneous effect of connector edge force will cause the borehole wall to be absorbed in or shear failure.Different with infringement to crawler belt, can not only repair with the replacing crawler belt from the borehole wall infringement of prone thousands of chis position, ground by removing the down-hole tractor.
Summary of the invention
A kind of driving mechanism that is used to engage the borehole wall is provided.Described driving mechanism comprises the gripping element that is used to contact the borehole wall, and wherein said gripping element is configured with curved surfaces, and the curved surfaces of described gripping element is selected according to the arc feature of the borehole wall.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the lateral view that adopts the down-hole tractor of gripping element embodiment, and this gripping element has curved surfaces and is provided with in the well;
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of the gripping element of the down-hole tractor that contacts with the borehole wall shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of prior art embodiments of the gripping element of the down-hole tractor in the well of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the sectional view of gripping element according to another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the stereogram according to an embodiment of gripping element of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the vertical view of a plurality of gripping elements that is connected to form Fig. 5 of crawler belt;
Fig. 7 and 8 is gripping elements according to an alternative embodiment of the invention.
The specific embodiment
Crawler belt with reference to the down-hole tractor illustrates each embodiment with specific gripping element connector.Focus on having the gripping element connector of single complete body or whole main body.Yet, can adopt various gripping element connector structures.No matter whether embodiment described here comprises the gripping element connector that has according to the curved surfaces of the surperficial arc feature selecting of the borehole wall.
With reference to figure 1, the embodiment of the driving mechanism of shown down-hole tractor 101 forms is arranged in the well 197 of approximate horizontal or oblique structure.In the illustrated embodiment, well 197 is bare structures, thereby makes the crawler belt 175 of down-hole tractor 101 directly to contact with the geo-logical terrain 199 around well 197.Yet in other embodiments, the down-hole tractor can drive by the well casing that liner seals well.
Down-hole tractor 101 shown in Figure 1 can be to advance in well 197 by above-mentioned crawler belt 175, and crawler belt 175 is resisted against on the wall 195 of well 197 rotatably so that transmit logging tool and be attached to other device of the crawler belt 101 in the well 197.In the embodiment in figure 1, crawler belt 175 is shown as the side at frame 125 placed in the middle, and crawler belt 175 can be from these frame 125 extended configuration placed in the middle.Yet, can on the various embodiment of down-hole tractor 101, dispose about 1-4 crawler belt 175 (if desired even more).Logging tool or other suitable instrument can be connected to the end of frame 125 placed in the middle, and transmit by operating in the well 197 of down-hole tractor 101.
The above-mentioned frame of mentioning placed in the middle 125 can be equipped with open arms 150 extension means such as grade, and its crawler belt 175 is extended into the borehole wall 195 and engages, and advances tractor 101 so that allow crawler belt 175 to rotate against ground.Open arms 150 can move towards the inside of frame 125 placed in the middle alternatively, so that crawler belt 175 is separated with the borehole wall.This traditional widely extension means structure and other actuator can be used for the stretching, extension and the withdrawal of crawler belt 175.
No matter adopt which kind of specific stretching, extension or retraction mechanism, down-hole tractor 101 can be configured to pass erose well.For example, in situation less than the open hole of consistent diameter (consistent diameter), extension means can come consistent work by traditional device with retraction mechanism, so that guarantee that the engaging force of crawler belt 175 on the borehole wall 195 is roughly consistent in the transfer operation of whole down-hole tractor 101.
Owing to be provided with crawler belt 175, down-hole tractor 101 shown in Figure 1 is applicable to level of passing or big gradient well.As shown in Figure 1, under extended configuration, crawler belt 175 is walked near the borehole wall 195 from frame 125 extensions placed in the middle and with ribbon-like manner.Can adopt other arm or other mechanism's (not shown) so that guarantee consistent contact of crawler belt 175 on the borehole wall 195.
In addition, gear-box can be included in the frame 125 placed in the middle, is used for transmitting by conventional apparatus the power and the rotation crawler belt 175 of drive sprocket (not shown).Crawler belt 175 can also drive by rotary screw or other device.No matter adopt specific actuation techniques, crawler belt 175 is applicable to and cooperates with the borehole wall 195 and the borehole wall 195 promptly, open hole or other.Therefore, down-hole tractor 101 can be driven by well 197 effectively by the rotation of described crawler belt 175.
In one embodiment, aforementioned crawler belt 175 is made up of a plurality of gripping elements or connector 100.Each gripping element 100 is provided with tooth 110, is used for contact and firmly grasps the borehole wall 195.With reference to the detailed description of figure 2 and 3, the gripping element 100 of Fig. 1 is configured with curved surfaces 201, and the radius of this curved surfaces 201 can be constructed according to the diameter of well 197 self.Therefore, different with the gripping element 300 of traditional down-hole tractor of prior art, the gripping element 100 of Fig. 1 specifically is configured to make the wearing and tearing minimum on the borehole wall 195 and crawler belt 175, and the contact area between the gripping element tooth 110 on the width of gripping element 100 and the borehole wall 195 is increased when being formed at down-hole tractor 101 and driving in well 197.
Minimizing by this way of wearing and tearing on the borehole wall 195 and the crawler belt 175 realized, promptly not damage the promptly mode of feature of gripping element 100.For example, as following more detailed description, gripping element 100 can make tooth 110 keep enough sharp keen and durable features, is used for suitably advancing of operating period down-hole tractor 101.Yet, although kept the feature of tooth 110, because the curved surfaces 201 (referring to Fig. 2) of gripping element 100, so the deterioration equally likely possibility of the uneven wear of crawler belt 175 or the borehole wall 195 is minimized.
Continuation is with reference to figure 2, and one sectional view in the aforementioned gripping element 100 shows that gripping element 100 contacts with the borehole wall 195.This description has disclosed the sectional view of gripping element 100, and this gripping element 100 has single main body 200 complete or that integrally form, and this main body 200 contacts with the borehole wall 195 by curved surfaces 200.In one embodiment, this curved surfaces 201 is at the place, summit of the tooth 110 of gripping element 100.This single complete body 200 can be traditional pottery, composite material or durable metal.
As shown in Figure 2, single complete body 200 stops at tooth 110 places of gripping element 100, and gripping element 100 is configured to firmly grasp the borehole wall 195 on the mating face 275 of the borehole wall.According to Fig. 2, the also roughly continuous feature of the curved surfaces 201 of tooth 110 as can be known, and the mode that matches with the arc feature of the borehole wall 195.As above mentioned, the curved surfaces 201 of gripping element 100 significantly reduces the wear extent on the gripping element 100 and the borehole wall 195.
Continuation is with reference to figure 2 and 3, and the gripping element 100 of illustrated embodiment is opposite with the gripping element 300 of prior art here.As shown in the figure, each gripping element 200,300 comprises that the main body of passing gripping element 200,300 fixes the pin 250,350 of roller 225,325.Yet as mentioned above, the single complete body 200 of the gripping element 100 of Fig. 2 comprises the curved surfaces 201 that is used to contact the borehole wall, but the tooth 310 that has straight line across the plate of the width of the gripping element 300 of prior art.According to following explanation, the possibility of result of this difference can be significant.
Different with basic cooperation between the curved surfaces 201 shown in Fig. 2 and the borehole wall 195 and level and smooth mating face 275, the gripping element 300 of prior art is made up of side plate 359 and inner panel 360, and the bight 315 of the side plate 359 and the flat surfaces of inner panel 360 contacts (referring to Fig. 3) with the borehole wall 195.Therefore, the mating face 375 of prior art is included in the bigger noncontact area between the gripping element 300 of the borehole wall 195 and prior art.As a result, the power that is applied on the borehole wall 195 of the gripping element 300 of prior art exclusively is directed by aforementioned corner 315.Therefore, when gripping element 300 promoted load by well 197, the wearing and tearing on the gripping element 300 of prior art focused on the side plate 359 unevenly.Therefore on the zone 390 of the borehole wall 195, cause great stress.
The aforementioned inhomogeneous power that the side plate 359 of the gripping element 300 by prior art applies can cause the deterioration infringement of side plate 359, worsens the load capacity that the degree of infringement and speed depends on that gripping element 300 promotes and the factors such as durability of side plate 359.In any case, to compare with the gripping element 100 of the embodiment of employing curved surfaces 201 described herein, the gripping element 300 of prior art is more accelerated ground easily and is seriously worsened.Therefore, adopt the easier invalid and finally easier loss of function that becomes of crawler belt of the gripping element 300 of this prior art.
Except the wearing and tearing of the edge of the gripping element 300 of prior art, the borehole wall 195 self also is subjected to the wearing and tearing and the infringement of these edges (being side plate 359).This makes us being concerned about especially under the situation of the open hole shown in Fig. 1-3 197, and under the situation of open hole 197, the borehole wall 195 comprises exposed and geo-logical terrain 199 may be soft, and this local power that this geo-logical terrain 199 is applied in is easily damaged.This can know by Fig. 3, and wherein the uneven local power that applies of the side plate 359 of the gripping element 300 of prior art has caused stratum 199 impaired position 390 to occur.Scraping and shear failure to the borehole wall 195 are tangible.
Continuation is with reference to figure 2 and 3, can avoid wearing and tearing and destruction to the gripping element 100 and the borehole wall 195 substantially by curved surfaces 201, and this curved surfaces 201 contacts the borehole wall 195 as embodiments of the invention are mentioned.Curved surfaces 201 is according to the arc characteristic or the latent structure of well 197.In fact, the radius of curved surfaces 201 can be constructed according to the specific arc size (for example its diameter) of given well 197.
For example, in one embodiment, about 8.5 inches of the diameter of well 197 forms by 8 inches traditional drill bits.Therefore, gripping element 100 can be configured with the curved surfaces 201 that radius is approximately 4.25 inches.Therefore, the shape approximate match of the shape of curved surfaces 201 and the borehole wall 195.As a result, can distribute substantially equably in the power of the operating period of tractor 101 gripping element 100 on the borehole wall 195.Therefore, the uneven wear of gripping element 100 can not occur, in the operation to the possibility minimum of the destruction of the borehole wall 195.In fact, make possibility minimum by this way, can improve and be considered to be not useable for having the more life-span of the open hole of soft formation of draw operations the destruction of the borehole wall 195.
Although the well 197 with reference to 8.5 inch diameters is illustrated, but other well size is known, the well size of for example about 6.5 inch diameters and about 10.5 inch diameters, the well of these sizes get out by about 6 inches to 10 inches various drill bits respectively.Therefore, can be configured with radius be that the curved surfaces 201 of about 3.25 inches or 5.25 inches is so that mate this well size to the embodiment of gripping element 100.In addition, also can adopt other many curved surfaces 201 radiuses, this depends on the diameter of well 197.As long as curved surfaces 201 is constructed according to the arc feature of the well 197 that relates to, just can realize the advantage and the effect of previous embodiment.
As mentioned above, curved surfaces 201 can be selected according to the diameter of related well 197.Yet, according to more detailed description below, in order to make to the borehole wall 195 or to the wearing and tearing minimum at the edge of curved surfaces 201, curved surfaces 201 there is no need with well 197 fully continuously or basic identical with the radius of well 197.For example, being enough to provide curved surfaces 201 above the contact of half between the gripping element 100 and the borehole wall 195 can be according to one in several modes of the arc latent structure curved surfaces 201 of well 197.As described below, this can guarantee that still gripping element 100 digs the degree minimum in the well 195.
By example, set above-mentioned situation, promptly set the situation that the open hole 197 of 8.5 inch diameters (4.25 inches radiuses) passes soft formation 199, adopt the curved surfaces 201 (for example radius is 3.25 inches) of non-coupling can realize remarkable benefit.That is,, in the soft borehole wall 195, cause more than half curved surfaces 201 to be stablized less than the about driving of 1mm directly contacting with the borehole wall 195 although the radius of the radius of curved surfaces 201 and well 197 differs an inch.This flat surfaces with the gripping element 300 of prior art is different, and for more than half contacts is provided between the flat surfaces and the borehole wall 195, it need make more than half mating faces 375 suffer to worsen and destroy (referring to Fig. 3).Therefore, both of these case is significantly different, and the curved surfaces 201 of embodiment described here still is called the arcuate shape approximate match (that is, aforementioned poor although radius size exists) with well 197.Stipulate another mode, the curved surfaces 201 with radius of the radius size that is positioned at well 197 can be thought the arcuate shape approximate match with the borehole wall 195.
As shown in Figure 2, gripping element 100 can be by mainly being made of single complete or integrally formed main body 200, and main body 200 provides curved surfaces 201 according to the size of well 197.Yet, as above mentioned, provide curved surfaces 201 not require all continuous surfaces according to well.For example, the gripping element 300 of prior art can not provide curved surfaces at 375 places, mating face with the borehole wall 195.Yet the new embodiment of gripping element 400 is provided with this segment body.For example, gripping element 400 can be formed by a plurality of profiled sheeting 459-462, and a plurality of profiled sheeting 459-462 keep together by pin 250 and roller 225, and wherein each continuous inner panel 460-462 is higher than its outside adjacent panels gradually with increasing.Like this, penetralia plate 462 is than plate 461 height, and plate 461 is than plate 460 height, and plate 460 is than side plate 459 height.Therefore, in combination, plate 459-462 forms curved surfaces 401 on the width that plate forms, and wherein curved surfaces 401 is according to the arc feature and the size configurations of well 197.Be shown as and have eight profiled sheeting 459-462 although note that the gripping element 400 of Fig. 4, in optional embodiment, gripping element 400 can have the plate of any desired quantity, and these plates are arranged with any suitable transversal arrangement.For example, can there be lateral clearance between per two plates.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 5, single complete body 500 is arranged to have raised zones (maleregion) 575, sunk area (female region) 525 and zone line 550, wherein raised zones 575 and sunk area 525 all comprise a plurality of arc teeth 510.This main body 500 can be connection end to end shown in Figure 6, so that form continuous chain or crawler belt 675.This zone can be connected with roller 225 by pin 250.As shown in the figure, the size of this raised zones 575 of each main body 500 is made into to be assemblied in the sunk area 525 of each adjacent main body 500.In addition, the tooth of the lug area 575 of pin connection and sunk area 525 fans can be arranged such that on the width of crawler belt 675 raised zones 575 and sunk area 525 are combined to form continuous substantially tooth 510.The width that also note that crawler belt 675 only comprises two tie points 680 between the main body 500 that pin connects.This is to be used for comparing with formed seven tie points 380 of plate of the gripping element 300 of prior art, the following describes their remarkable difference.
In another embodiment, gripping element can comprise single complete body, yet this single complete body has discontinuity to a certain degree at the curved surfaces place.For example, additional rollers can be positioned on the center of the raised zones 575 of single complete body.The interaction that this helps crawler belt 675 to move through the borehole wall 195 and improve crawler belt 675 and track driving mechanism.Yet, in this case,, need on the surface of crawler belt 675, provide the duct in order on each gripping element, to hold additional rollers.Yet the curved surfaces of each gripping element will be passed in this duct, leave gap or interruption in the insertion between the curved surfaces and the borehole wall 195.
Although there be slight the interruption in the above-described embodiments in the physics between the curved surfaces and the borehole wall 195 contact, curved surfaces still can be thought based on the arc latent structure of the borehole wall 195.In fact, curved surfaces 201 is said to the size approximate match with well 197.For example, in having a this embodiment of roller placed in the middle, even the duct shown in existing, curved surfaces is configured to about 50%～about 97% mating face and the borehole wall 195 Continuous Contact.As a result, the possibility of the wearing and tearing of the outer edge of gripping element or gripping element can minimize the damage of the borehole wall 195.Therefore, as above-mentioned other embodiment,, also can realize its advantage substantially although there be to a certain degree discontinuous in curved surfaces.
Continue with reference to figure 6 now, the upper surface of crawler belt 675 is applicable to tractor shown in Figure 1 101.In this embodiment, the entire upper surface of crawler belt 675 is arcs, and particularly, each tooth 510 of extend through crawler belt 675 width is arcs.Like this, each tooth 510 forms curved surfaces 200 shown in Figure 2." y-shaped " gripping element 500 of this series has many aforesaid teeth 510, is used for as illustrated in fig. 2 promptly the borehole wall 195 and advances along the borehole wall 195.In fact, in the illustrated embodiment, each gripping element 500 is included in the tooth 510 at zone line 550, sunk area 510 and raised zones 575 places.This " y-shaped " gripping element 500 similar overlapping chain connector ground are arranged so that form crawler belt 675.
In optional embodiment, for example shown in Figure 7, gripping element 700 is made up of optional projection (i.e. " t shape ") 775 and sunk part 725 (i.e. " H shape ").In this embodiment, the projection 775 of gripping element 700 and sunk part 725 are alternately located so that form the crawler belt of the tractor 101 that is applicable to Fig. 1.In another optional embodiment, among the embodiment for example shown in Figure 8, each gripping element 800 comprises depression and protrudes interlocking portions.
Return with reference to figure 5 and 6, in above-mentioned zone 550,525 and 575, zone line 550 comprises the wideest part of single complete body 200 again, and is the segmentation of gripping element 100 shown in Figure 2.The tooth 110 that crosses this zone 550 of gripping element 100 is integrally formed by independent gripping element 100, and not by means of adjacent gripping element 100.Therefore, this tooth 110 can advantageously not have the side engagement face, describes its advantage below in detail.
With reference now to Fig. 2 and 3,, the advantage of comparing, adopt the gripping element 100 with single complete body 200 with the gripping element 300 with the main body that is formed by plate independently 359,360 has been described.That is, except continuous substantially curved surfaces 201 is provided easily, can realize other advantage by adopting the gripping element of mainly forming 100 by single complete body 200.
As shown in Figure 3, the gripping element 300 of prior art comprises the main body of being made up of the plate 359,360 that piles up.As a result, a plurality of side engagement faces 380 appear on gripping element 300.The position that each this side engagement face 380 dust and refuse occur assembling and causes friction, this can influence down-hole tractor operating characteristics.For example, in the situation of the gripping element 300 of prior art shown in Figure 3, residue can one the tunnel arrives the mating face of the pin 350 that passes plate 359,360 rotations.
The efficient of this rotation can be subjected to the influence of the residue of described gathering.Suppose that the tractor operation concentrates on open hole wall 195 places that directly contact with stratum 199, then is easy to assemble by this way residue.For example, the corrosive chemical that exists in traditional naked oil gas well 197, the sand of dust, suspension, rock, mud, drilling fluid additive and other residue.As mentioned above, the use of single complete body 200 can make mating face 380 minimums that occur in the main body of gripping element 300 of prior art shown in Figure 3.For example, in the embodiment of Fig. 5 and 6, the main body 550 of each gripping element 500 does not comprise the mating face, and the mating face of while raised zones 575 and sunk area 525 is two positions on crawler belt 675 width only.
Assemble even without residue, a large amount of side engagement faces of the gripping element 300 of prior art shown in Figure 3 mean that pin 350 is compelled to pass a plurality of plates 359,360.On the other hand, the use of single complete body 200 provides extra stability, and avoids the possibility that independently moves or rotate of plate 359,360.As a result, 359,360 the frictionally reductions of plate that can not moved by the antagonism of the main body of gripping element 100 ground of the efficient of pin rotation.By single complete body 200 being set, the antagonism that can greatly avoid a large amount of side engagement faces to cause for gripping element 100.
The foregoing description has clearly illustrated the crawler belt that is used for the down-hole tractor and the wearing and tearing and the destruction problem of gripping element connector.Particularly, the problem of the uneven wear on the gripping element that causes of the arc feature of the borehole wall and the wear problem of the borehole wall that gripping element is exerted pressure are avoided substantially.As a result, be minimized, and keep the intact property of the borehole wall in inefficacy of down-hole tractor operating period crawler belt or invalid appearance.Under the situation of open hole, this is important advantage, particularly for those open holes that pass soft formation.By the protection borehole wall and gripping element integrality, the scene of can saving spends in the time in the maintenance of equipment.Think life-span of the open hole that passes through soft formation that can not be used for draw operations before further, the validity of traction embodiment described herein has improved.
Carried out above stated specification with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention.But for those skilled in the art, what can know is, under the situation that does not break away from principle of the present invention and protection domain, can make amendment and changes the structure described and method in the practice.Therefore, above stated specification should not regarded as and only is used for the structure that aforementioned practical structures and accompanying drawing show, and should regard as consistent with claims or to the support of claims, claims have complete and the most rational protection domain.
Claims (18)
1. one kind is used to driving mechanism that gripping element is engaged with the borehole wall, and described gripping element has the curved surfaces according to the arc feature selecting of the borehole wall, and wherein gripping element causes driving mechanism to move with respect to the borehole wall with engaging of the borehole wall.
2. according to the driving mechanism of claim 1, wherein said gripping element is included at least one tooth at the described curved surfaces place that is used to engage.
3. according to the driving mechanism of claim 1, wherein said gripping element comprises main body, and described main body is a kind of in single complete body and the segmentation human subject.
4. according to the driving mechanism of claim 3, also comprise:
Rotatable pin by described main body; With
Be fixed on the roller of the end of described rotatable pin.
5. according to the driving mechanism of claim 1, wherein said gripping element is the y-shape structure that comprises raised zones and sunk area.
6. according to the driving mechanism of claim 5, each described zone lip-deep tooth more than of also being included in each described zone wherein.
7. according to the driving mechanism of claim 1, wherein said driving mechanism is the down-hole tractor, and described gripping element forms the part of the crawler belt on the tractor of down-hole.
8. according to the driving mechanism of claim 7, wherein said crawler belt is first crawler belt, and described down-hole tractor also comprises about 1～3 additional crawler belt.
9. according to the driving mechanism of claim 7, wherein said down-hole tractor also comprises frame placed in the middle, and described frame placed in the middle comprises:
Be used to extension means that described crawler belt is engaged with the borehole wall.
10. according to the driving mechanism of claim 9, also comprise the extension that is used to hold downhole tool that is connected to described frame placed in the middle.
11. the down-hole tractor that uses in the well comprises the gripping element with single complete body, described single complete body has the curved surfaces according to the arc latent structure of the borehole wall; Described down-hole tractor produces the mating face between the curved surfaces and the borehole wall, it causes the down-hole tractor to move with respect to the borehole wall.
12. according to the down-hole tractor of claim 11, wherein said curved surfaces is roughly continuous on across the width of gripping element.
13. according to the down-hole tractor of claim 11, wherein said curved surfaces is configured to contact with the borehole wall by about mating face of 50%～about 97%.
14. the gripping element on the crawler belt that is used in the down-hole tractor, described gripping element comprises the curved surfaces that engages with the borehole wall, and described curved surfaces mates the arcuate shape of the borehole wall substantially.
15. according to the gripping element of claim 14, the radius of wherein said curved surfaces about inch of the radius of the borehole wall with interior scope in.
16. gripping element according to claim 14, wherein the arcuate shape of the borehole wall is represented with the diameter form, described diameter is selected from about 6.5 inches, the group of about 8.5 inches and about 10.5 inches compositions, and the curved surfaces of wherein said gripping element represents with the radius form, and described radius is selected from about 3.25 inches, the group of about 4.25 inches and about 5.25 inches compositions.
17. a down-hole tractor comprises:
Chain, described chain are used to engage the borehole wall and are resisted against on the borehole wall and rotate, so that advance the down-hole tractor with respect to the borehole wall, wherein said chain comprises:
A plurality of connectors, wherein said each connector comprise at least one tooth that forms with arcuate shape, and described arcuate shape is according to the arc feature selecting of the borehole wall.
18. according to the down-hole tractor of claim 17, wherein said a plurality of connectors comprise interconnective connector, thereby make the width of chain comprise two the joint tie point of being no more than between the connector that connects.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/680,602 US20080202769A1 (en) | 2007-02-28 | 2007-02-28 | Well Wall Gripping Element |
| US11/680,602 | 2007-02-28 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101338653A true CN101338653A (en) | 2009-01-07 |
Family
ID=39714585
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008100814521A Pending CN101338653A (en) | 2007-02-28 | 2008-02-22 | Well wall gripping element |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20080202769A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101338653A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2008104898A2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10385657B2 (en) | 2016-08-30 | 2019-08-20 | General Electric Company | Electromagnetic well bore robot conveyance system |
| CN118933571A (en) * | 2024-08-29 | 2024-11-12 | 核工业北京地质研究院 | A propulsion device for drilling exploration equipment |
Families Citing this family (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6464003B2 (en) | 2000-05-18 | 2002-10-15 | Western Well Tool, Inc. | Gripper assembly for downhole tractors |
| US8245796B2 (en) | 2000-12-01 | 2012-08-21 | Wwt International, Inc. | Tractor with improved valve system |
| WO2005090739A1 (en) | 2004-03-17 | 2005-09-29 | Western Well Tool, Inc. | Roller link toggle gripper for downhole tractor |
| US8905148B2 (en) * | 2006-02-09 | 2014-12-09 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Force monitoring tractor |
| US8863824B2 (en) * | 2006-02-09 | 2014-10-21 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Downhole sensor interface |
| US7624808B2 (en) | 2006-03-13 | 2009-12-01 | Western Well Tool, Inc. | Expandable ramp gripper |
| CA2669151C (en) | 2006-11-14 | 2013-05-14 | Rudolph Ernst Krueger V | Variable linkage assisted gripper |
| ATE438020T1 (en) * | 2006-12-27 | 2009-08-15 | Prad Res & Dev Nv | IN-HOLE INJECTOR SYSTEM FOR WRAPPED TUBE STRING AND WIRELESS DRILLING |
| US8485278B2 (en) | 2009-09-29 | 2013-07-16 | Wwt International, Inc. | Methods and apparatuses for inhibiting rotational misalignment of assemblies in expandable well tools |
| US20110198099A1 (en) * | 2010-02-16 | 2011-08-18 | Zierolf Joseph A | Anchor apparatus and method |
| US9447648B2 (en) | 2011-10-28 | 2016-09-20 | Wwt North America Holdings, Inc | High expansion or dual link gripper |
| CN104136707B (en) * | 2012-02-13 | 2017-06-27 | 哈利伯顿能源服务公司 | For the piston hauling machine system in missile silo |
| US8839883B2 (en) | 2012-02-13 | 2014-09-23 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Piston tractor system for use in subterranean wells |
| WO2014071116A2 (en) * | 2012-11-01 | 2014-05-08 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Wireline crawler tractor |
| US9488020B2 (en) | 2014-01-27 | 2016-11-08 | Wwt North America Holdings, Inc. | Eccentric linkage gripper |
| US10927610B2 (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2021-02-23 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Downhole mobility module for logging and intervention of extended reach wells |
| US10968711B2 (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2021-04-06 | Baker Hughes, Age Company, Llc | Shifting tool having puncture device, system, and method |
| GB2593475B (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2024-05-08 | Cavitas Energy Ltd | Centraliser |
| US20230098715A1 (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2023-03-30 | Southwest Research Institute | Shape-Shifting Tread Unit |
| CN114427359B (en) * | 2022-02-09 | 2023-07-18 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | A New Tool Carrying Device for Well Workover |
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| GB1035926A (en) * | 1962-05-04 | 1966-07-13 | Wolstan C Ginies Entpr Proprie | Earth drilling machine |
| YU35048B (en) * | 1971-05-13 | 1980-06-30 | Snam Progetti | Self-propelled and self-adjustable carriage capable of moving along the track of a non-linear line, e.g.pipeline |
| US3940855A (en) * | 1974-07-19 | 1976-03-02 | T. D. Williamson, Inc. | Pipeline pig |
| US4518309A (en) * | 1981-04-30 | 1985-05-21 | Brown Joe R | High speed pipe handling apparatus |
| US4612987A (en) * | 1985-08-20 | 1986-09-23 | Cheek Alton E | Directional drilling azimuth control system |
| US4919205A (en) * | 1989-11-27 | 1990-04-24 | Dollison William W | Friction-reducing device |
| WO2001040615A1 (en) * | 1999-12-03 | 2001-06-07 | Wireline Engineering Limited | Downhole device |
| FR2808491B1 (en) * | 2000-05-04 | 2002-08-09 | Cie Du Sol | A SELF-PROPELLED TROLLEY CAPABLE OF MOVING IN A CYLINDRICAL GALLERY |
| US6920936B2 (en) * | 2002-03-13 | 2005-07-26 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Constant force actuator |
| US7156192B2 (en) * | 2003-07-16 | 2007-01-02 | Schlumberger Technology Corp. | Open hole tractor with tracks |
| US6976534B2 (en) * | 2003-09-29 | 2005-12-20 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Slip element for use with a downhole tool and a method of manufacturing same |
| US7222682B2 (en) * | 2004-05-28 | 2007-05-29 | Schlumberger Technology Corp. | Chain drive system |
| US7334642B2 (en) * | 2004-07-15 | 2008-02-26 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Constant force actuator |
| US7624808B2 (en) * | 2006-03-13 | 2009-12-01 | Western Well Tool, Inc. | Expandable ramp gripper |
-
2007
- 2007-02-28 US US11/680,602 patent/US20080202769A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2008
- 2008-02-13 WO PCT/IB2008/050534 patent/WO2008104898A2/en active Application Filing
- 2008-02-22 CN CNA2008100814521A patent/CN101338653A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10385657B2 (en) | 2016-08-30 | 2019-08-20 | General Electric Company | Electromagnetic well bore robot conveyance system |
| CN118933571A (en) * | 2024-08-29 | 2024-11-12 | 核工业北京地质研究院 | A propulsion device for drilling exploration equipment |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2008104898A2 (en) | 2008-09-04 |
| US20080202769A1 (en) | 2008-08-28 |
| WO2008104898A3 (en) | 2008-11-13 |
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Application publication date: 20090107 |