CN101329487A - Driving method of electrophoretic display device and electrophoretic display device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for driving a thin and low-cost electrophoretic display device capable of displaying images and the like on both front and back surfaces, and an electrophoretic display device. The electrophoretic display device 10 includes an electrophoretic display layer between an element substrate and a counter substrate, both of which have light transmittance, and a control device 50 and an acceleration sensor 52 are built in the second frame portion 11B of the display panel 11 . The control device 50 determines the surface facing upward of the display panel 11 based on the inclination angle of the electrophoretic display device 10 detected by the acceleration sensor 52 , and determines the surface facing upward as a “display surface” for displaying images and the like. In addition, the control device 50 displays an image based on the display data on the display panel 11 when the "display surface" is the front side, and displays an image based on the display data on the display panel 11 when the "display surface" is the back side. And display data in which black and white are reversed (inverted display data).

Description

Driving method of electrophoretic display device and electrophoretic display device

technical field

The present invention relates to a driving method of an electrophoretic display device and the electrophoretic display device.

Background technique

In recent years, as flexible display devices such as electronic paper, non-emissive display devices having a flexible structure have been used. As one of such non-emissive display devices, there is an electrophoretic display device utilizing an electrophoretic phenomenon. Here, the electrophoretic phenomenon is, for example, a phenomenon in which fine particles (electrophoretic particles) migrate by Coulomb force when an electric field is applied in a dispersion system in which fine particles (electrophoretic particles) are dispersed in a liquid (dispersant).

In addition, in flexible electrophoretic display devices, flexible organic thin film transistors (organic TFTs) are often used as thin film transistors. That is, the electrophoretic display device is constituted by, for example, an active matrix type circuit using organic TFTs for pixel transistors.

Therefore, a method of constituting an electrophoretic display device with an active matrix circuit has been proposed (Patent Document 1). In Patent Document 1, in an electrophoretic display panel having a dispersion system in which electrophoretic particles are dispersed between an element substrate and an opposing substrate, pixel electrodes, scanning lines, data lines, and TFTs for pixels are formed on the element substrate, and A common electrode is formed on the substrate. In addition, by forming TFTs constituting scanning line driving circuits and data line driving circuits in the same process as forming TFTs for pixels on an element substrate, an active matrix electrophoretic display device with low manufacturing cost can be manufactured.

However, in the case of paper, both sides of the paper can be used, but in the case of an electrophoretic display device, generally only the front side is used for display.

Therefore, an electrophoretic display device that displays images and the like on both front and back surfaces has been proposed (Patent Document 2). In Patent Document 2, on the front of the display device, a first display portion having charged particles is provided between a common substrate and a first display substrate, wherein the common substrate has a common driving electrode layer, and the first display substrate has a first display portion as a ground-side electrode. 1 Opposite electrode layer. In addition, on the back side of the image display device, a second display portion having charged particles is provided between a common substrate shared with the surface and a second display substrate having a second opposing electrode as a ground side electrode. electrode layer. In addition, by electrically switching the first or second counter electrode layer, an electric field is generated only on either one of the first or second display portion, thereby displaying separate images on the first and second display portions, etc., Images and the like can be displayed on both the front and back sides of the electrophoretic display device.

[Patent Document 1] JP-A-2002-169190

[Patent Document 2] JP-A-2005-321732

However, although Patent Document 2 realizes display on both sides by sharing a common driving electrode layer in the first and second display parts, it is difficult to realize the opposite electrode and the electrophoretic display layer on each of the display parts. Constructing a thin electrophoretic display device, reducing manufacturing costs, and the like.

Contents of the invention

The present invention was made to solve the above problems, and one of its objects is to provide a thin and low-cost electrophoretic display device driving method and an electrophoretic display device capable of displaying images on both sides. In addition, one of the objects thereof is to provide a thin electrophoretic display device capable of displaying on both front and back sides.

In order to solve the above problems, an electrophoretic display device according to one aspect of the present invention includes: a transparent element substrate having a transparent pixel electrode; a transparent counter substrate having a transparent common electrode corresponding to the pixel electrode; and the electrophoretic display layer between the above-mentioned opposite substrate; and a selection unit, which selects any one of the above-mentioned element substrate and the above-mentioned opposite substrate as the display surface of the above-mentioned electrophoretic display layer.

Since the pixel electrode, the element substrate, the common electrode, and the opposing substrate are transparent, when the element substrate is used as the display surface, and when the opposing substrate is used as the display surface, the display surface is selected by the selection unit. In either case, an electrophoretic display layer can be used for display.

In the electrophoretic display device according to the aspect of the present invention, preferably, the selecting unit selects the upward facing surface of the electrophoretic display device as the display surface based on a signal from a sensor detecting the upward facing surface of the electrophoretic display device.

Accordingly, when the display surface is used on a desk or the like, it can be automatically known whether the display surface is the element substrate or the counter substrate.

In addition, in the electrophoretic display device according to the aspect of the present invention, preferably, the selection unit selects the display surface based on a signal from a switch designating a display side of the electrophoretic display device.

Thereby, when using other than a desk etc., the said display surface can be set to the side desired by a user.

In addition, in the above-mentioned electrophoretic display device according to one aspect of the present invention, it is preferable that the above-mentioned counter substrate is selected as an initial display surface for the above-mentioned display surface.

If the display surface is different, the display data may be converted into data suitable for the display surface, but by predetermining the initial display surface, the display data as a reference can be set. In general electrophoretic display devices, the side on which the counter electrode exists is often used as the display side, so data transfer to the electrophoretic display device according to one aspect of the present invention is facilitated.

In addition, in the above-mentioned electrophoretic display device according to one aspect of the present invention, it is preferable to store a plurality of display data assigned an order; to rotate clockwise around a rotation axis parallel to the display surface on the display surface, so as to be selected by the above-mentioned When the unit switches the display surface, the display data of the next order of the display data displayed before the display surface switching is displayed; the display surface is rotated counterclockwise around the rotation axis parallel to the display surface, so that the selected When the display surface of the unit is switched, the display data of the order preceding the display data displayed before the display surface switching is displayed.

In order to solve the above problems, one aspect of the present invention provides a driving method of an electrophoretic display device, the electrophoretic display device comprising: a transparent element substrate having a transparent pixel electrode; a transparent common electrode corresponding to the pixel electrode; A transparent opposite substrate; an electrophoretic display layer sandwiched between the above-mentioned element substrate and the above-mentioned opposite substrate; and a selection unit that selects any one of the above-mentioned element substrate and the above-mentioned opposite substrate as a display of the above-mentioned electrophoretic display layer The method includes: driving display data to the electrophoretic display layer in a manner suitable for display on the display surface selected by the selection unit.

As one of the driving methods of the electrophoretic display device according to the aspect of the present invention, preferably, the first display data displayed on the above-mentioned counter substrate is stored in advance; when the above-mentioned substrate is selected as the above-mentioned display surface, setting the above-mentioned first display data as the above-mentioned display data; when the above-mentioned element substrate is selected as the above-mentioned display surface, converting the above-mentioned first display data into the second display data for displaying on the above-mentioned element substrate, and setting Display data for the above.

This facilitates migration of data used in other electrophoretic display devices. In addition, as another method of the driving method of the electrophoretic display device according to the aspect of the present invention, it is preferable to prepare in advance the third display data when the counter substrate is provided as the display surface, and to set the element substrate as The fourth display data for the display screen: select any one of the third data or the fourth data corresponding to the display screen selected by the selection unit, and set it as the display data.

In addition, as another method of the driving method of the electrophoretic display device according to the aspect of the present invention, it is preferable that the display data stored in advance is the fifth display data displayed on any one of the above-mentioned counter substrate or the above-mentioned element substrate. Display data; the fifth display data has a label indicating which substrate is provided as the display surface of the fifth display data; when the display surface selected by the selection unit is the display surface indicated by the label , setting the above-mentioned fifth display data as the above-mentioned display data; when the above-mentioned display surface selected by the above-mentioned selection unit is not the display surface indicated by the above-mentioned label, converting to the sixth display data for displaying on the above-mentioned display surface, and Set to display data as above.

In addition, in the driving method of the electrophoretic display device according to the aspect of the present invention, it is preferable that the display data be Using the same data; changing the order of the pixel electrodes according to the display surface selected by the selection unit, and driving.

Thus, the need for data conversion can be eliminated.

In the driving method of the electrophoretic display device according to one aspect of the present invention, it is preferable to store a plurality of the above-mentioned display data assigned an order; When the above-mentioned selection unit switches the above-mentioned display surface, it drives the display data of the next order of the above-mentioned display data displayed before the above-mentioned display surface is switched; When the display screen is switched by the selection means, display data of an order preceding the display data displayed before the display screen is switched is driven.

According to the electrophoretic display device and the driving method of the electrophoretic display device of the present invention, it is possible to provide a driving method of the electrophoretic display device capable of displaying images and the like suitably on the front and back of a thin and low-cost electrophoretic display device.

In the electrophoretic display device and the driving method of the electrophoretic display device according to the present invention, it is preferable to convert the display data into other display data when it is determined that the display screen has been switched based on the detection by the sensor.

According to the electrophoretic display device and the driving method of the electrophoretic display device according to the present invention, when the "display surface" is switched, the display data is changed. Therefore, since the image displayed on the "display surface" is changed according to the switching of the "display surface" of the electrophoretic display device determined by the sensor, the image of the electrophoretic display device can be changed by an operation such as turning a page. As a result, the use of the electrophoretic display device as electronic paper, electronic book, and the like can be expanded.

In the electrophoretic display device of the present invention, preferably, when the display surface is not on a predetermined substrate side, the display data is converted into display data for the display surface in which left and right and colors are reversed.

According to this electrophoretic display device, when the "display surface" is not on the predetermined substrate side, the left, right and color of the display data are reversed and set as the display data. Therefore, even on the substrate side other than the predetermined substrate side where an appropriate image is not displayed using the unchanged display data, an appropriate image can be displayed using the converted display data. As a result, the use of the electrophoretic display device as electronic paper, electronic book, and the like can be expanded.

The electrophoretic display device of the present invention may be an electrophoretic display device in which the element substrate and the counter substrate have the same light transmittance. According to this electrophoretic display device, since the element substrate and the counter substrate have the same light transmittance, no matter which side of the substrate is determined as the "display surface" to display an image, the image is displayed at the same light transmittance. . Therefore, it is possible to reduce differences in images, such as differences in shades, depending on whether an image is displayed on the element substrate side or on the counter substrate side.

The aforementioned sensor used in the electrophoretic display device of the present invention may be, for example, an acceleration sensor.

The acceleration sensor can easily detect whether the rotation direction of the electrophoretic display device is "clockwise" or "counterclockwise", or which one is "upward", and can be determined by the control device. As a result, it is possible to easily specify the "display surface" of the electrophoretic display device, and it is also possible to cope with various rotation patterns of the electrophoretic display device.

Description of drawings

1 is an overall plan view of an embodiment of an electrophoretic display device equipped with electrophoretic particles of the present invention;

2 is a plan view showing the planar structure of the electrophoretic display device of the embodiment;

3 is a sectional view taken along line 3-3 of FIG. 2 showing the sectional structure of the display panel according to the embodiment;

4 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional structure of a display panel according to the embodiment;

5 is a circuit diagram showing the circuit configuration of the element substrate of the embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing an equivalent circuit of a pixel portion of the embodiment;

7 is a plan view showing the arrangement of the acceleration sensor of this embodiment;

8 is a side view illustrating the detection of the inclination angle of the acceleration sensor of this embodiment, (a) is a side view showing a horizontal state, and (b) is a side view showing an inclined state;

FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing the electrical configuration of the electrophoretic display device of this embodiment;

10 is a plan view showing an image displayed on the electrophoretic display device of this embodiment, (a) is a plan view showing an image displayed on the display surface, and (b) is a plan view showing an image displayed on the opposite side of the display surface. ;

11 is a plan view showing an image displayed on the electrophoretic display device of this embodiment, (a) is a plan view showing an image of the first page on the display surface (front), and (b) is a plan view showing the image on the display surface (rear) A floor plan showing the image on page 2;

12 is a plan view showing an image displayed on an electrophoretic display device of another example; and

FIG. 13 is a plan view showing a planar structure of an electronic book configured using an electrophoretic display device of still another example.

Symbol Description

g: gravity direction; -g: anti-gravity direction; AX: X-axis angle signal; AY: Y-axis angle signal; AZ: Z-axis angle signal; BD: image data; C1: centerline; C2: point; Lx, Ly : horizontal line; PD: display data; SC: vertical synchronization signal; Tr: organic transistor; VD: data timing signal; COM: common terminal; Lx1, Lx2~Lxm: data line; Ly1, Ly2~Lyn-1, Lyn: scan B1, B2, B3, B4: button signal; SC1～SCn: scanning signal; VD1～VDm: data signal; 10: electrophoretic display device (display device); 10A: electrophoretic display device; 11: electrophoretic display panel (display panel); 11A: first frame; 11B: second frame; 12: element substrate; 12a: back; 13: opposite substrate; 13a: front; 14: electrophoretic display layer; 15: back substrate; 16: element Formation layer; 17: transparent substrate; 18: common electrode; 19: adhesive; 20: microcapsule; 22: display control circuit; 23: scanning line driving circuit; 24: data line driving circuit; 26: pixel; 27: Pixel electrode; 34: electrophoretic dispersion agent; 35: electrophoretic particle; 35b: black particle; 35w: white particle; 42: source electrode; 43: drain electrode; 46: gate electrode; 50: control device; 51: input device; 52 : acceleration sensor; 52x: detection axis in X direction; 52y: detection axis in Y direction; 52z: detection axis in Z direction; 70: electronic book; 71: binder; 111-114: operation buttons.

Detailed ways

Hereinafter, an embodiment embodying the driving method of the electrophoretic display device and the electrophoretic display device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

1 and 2 are plan views showing the whole of an electrophoretic display device (display device) 10 .

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , the display device 10 includes an electrophoretic display panel (display panel) 11 having a first frame portion 11A below the display panel 11 and a second frame portion 11B on the left side of the display panel 11 .

On the first frame portion 11A, as shown in FIG. 2 , four operation buttons 111 to 114 are provided. Each of the operation buttons 111 to 114 is formed of a thin and flexible material such as a membrane switch, a plate-shaped key switch, or a pressure sensor, and can respond to operations from either the front or the back of the display panel 11 . In addition, a battery (not shown) serving as a drive power source for the display device 10 , an external connection terminal (not shown), and the like are provided on the second frame portion 11B.

FIG. 3 is a 3-3 cross-sectional view of the display panel 11 .

In FIG. 3 , a display panel 11 has an element substrate 12 and a counter substrate 13 , and an electrophoretic display layer 14 is arranged between the element substrate 12 and the counter substrate 13 . Further, a front surface 13 a is provided on the surface (upper side in FIG. 3 ) of the counter substrate 13 , and a rear surface 12 a is provided on the surface (lower side in FIG. 3 ) of the element substrate 12 . That is, the electrophoretic display layer 14 is viewed from the A direction (front 13 a side) via the counter substrate 13 and from the B direction (rear surface 12 a side) via the element substrate 12 .

As shown in FIG. 3 , the element substrate 12 includes a flexible and light-transmitting rear substrate 15 , and an element formation layer 16 is formed on one surface thereof (upper side in FIG. 3 ). The back substrate 15 is formed of a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin material excellent in flexibility, light transmittance, elasticity, etc., such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate, or a thermosetting resin material. Carbonate, polyimide, polyethylene, etc. In addition, a plurality of conductive layers and insulating layers, for example, an organic transistor Tr (see FIG. 4 ), a pixel electrode, and various wirings are formed in the element formation layer 16 . The conductive layer, particularly the pixel electrode, is formed of a light-transmitting conductive material, such as indium tin oxide or an electronically conductive polymer such as polyaniline. In addition, the insulating layer is also formed of a light-transmitting material. Furthermore, wirings and the like formed of non-light-transmitting materials are set to a thickness of several μm (micrometers) or a thickness of 10 nm (nanometers) to suppress a decrease in light transmittance.

In addition, although the p-channel type organic transistor Tr is described in this embodiment, the structure of the organic transistor may be an n-channel type or other types of organic transistors.

The organic transistor Tr, as shown in FIG. 4 , is formed as a field effect transistor by laminating an insulating layer forming the element formation layer 16 , an electrode, and an organic semiconductor layer in a predetermined order on the upper surface of the rear substrate 15 . If the electrode is a conductive material with low transparency, such as a metal such as gold, copper, or aluminum, it is desirable that the film thickness is 100 nm or less. If it is equal to or greater than 100 nm, the transmittance of visible light decreases, resulting in a decrease in one display characteristic. In addition, for electronically conductive polymers such as polyaniline, etc., it is also desirable that the film thickness is 10 μm or less. If it is not less than 10 μm, the transmittance of visible light decreases, resulting in a decrease in one display characteristic. In addition, transparent oxides such as indium tin oxide and indium zinc oxide are suitable because they have a high transmittance of visible light. On the other hand, the insulating layer is formed of an insulating material such as epoxy resin, ester resin, parylene and its derivatives, polyvinyl phenol, polymethyl methacrylate, etc. The ester is one material among representative acrylic resins, polyimides, polystyrene, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, etc., or a combination of two or more of them. Among them, a material having no absorption wavelength in the visible light region or having a large transmittance coefficient is suitable. In addition, examples of the organic semiconductor layer include naphthalene, anthracene, tetracene, pentacene, hexacene, phthalocyanine, perylene, hydrazone, triphenylmethane, diphenylmethane, stilbene, vinylarene, pyrazoline , triphenylamine, triallylamine, oligothiophene, phthalocyanine or their derivatives such as low-molecular organic semiconductor materials; poly-N-vinylcarbazole, polyvinylpyrene, polyvinylanthracene, poly Thiophene, polyhexylthiophene, poly(p-phenylene vinylene), polythiopheneethylene, polyallylamine, pyrene formaldehyde resin, ethylcarbazole formaldehyde resin, fluorene-dithiophene copolymer, fluorene-allylamine Polymer organic semiconductor materials such as copolymers or their derivatives may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Furthermore, a material that does not absorb wavelengths in the visible light region or has a large transmittance is suitable.

That is, the element substrate 12 is formed to have a predetermined light transmittance because the region corresponding to the pixel electrode has a predetermined aperture ratio or the like.

The counter substrate 13 also includes a flexible and light-transmitting transparent substrate, and the common electrode 18 is formed on one surface thereof (the lower side in FIG. 3 ). The transparent substrate 17 is formed of a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin material excellent in flexibility, light transmission, and elasticity, such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate, or a thermosetting resin material. Carbonate, polyimide, polyethylene, etc. The common electrode 18 is formed of the same material as the above-mentioned electrodes.

In addition, in this embodiment, the transparent substrate 17 is formed of the same material as the rear substrate 15 to the same thickness as the rear substrate 15, and the common electrode 18 is formed to the same thickness as the element formation layer 16, so that the element substrate 12 and the opposite The respective light transmittances of the substrates 13 have close values. Alternatively, it is formed by adjusting the film thickness of the substrate, the film thickness of the relevant insulating layer, and the like so that the transmittance of light in the visible light region on both sides becomes the same.

In addition, a light-shielding black matrix covering the organic transistors may be formed on the insulating layer of the element formation layer 16 . Specifically, a grid-like black matrix (not shown) in which openings are formed on the pixel electrodes 26 in FIG. Tr. For example, the organic transistor Tr is arranged outside the pixel electrode near the intersection of the data line Lxm and the scanning line Lyn.

According to this configuration, it is possible to prevent light incident from the rear substrate 15 side from being irradiated on the organic transistor Tr, and to stabilize the operation of the transistor. In addition, a black matrix may also be formed on the transparent substrate 17 . As described above, since the black matrix is formed to surround each pixel (electrode), it has the function of highlighting the gradation level of each pixel, thereby improving the contrast. Furthermore, the display quality of the front side and the back side can be made uniform.

The electrophoretic display layer 14 is composed of a plurality of microcapsules 20 integrated with an adhesive 19 . In the microcapsule 20 , as shown in FIG. 4 , an electrophoretic dispersant 34 and electrophoretic particles 35 as a dispersion system are enclosed. The electrophoretic particles 35 are composed of positively or negatively charged white particles 35w and black particles 35b with a polarity different from that of the white particles 35w, which are respectively dispersed in the electrophoretic dispersant according to the direction of the electric field applied to the microcapsules 20. 34 strokes.

The microcapsules 20 are formed of, for example, gum arabic/gelatin-based compounds, urethane-based compounds, or the like. The electrophoretic dispersant 34 is composed of, for example, water, methanol, ethanol, or the like. In addition, the electrophoretic particles 35 are formed of, for example, nigrosine, carbon black, titanium dioxide, or the like.

That is, in this embodiment, the image displayed on the electrophoretic display layer 14 by the electrophoretic particles 35 passes through the opposite substrate 13 from the A direction, and passes through the element substrate 12 from the B direction. is displayed.

On the other hand, on the element substrate 12, as shown in FIG. 2, a scanning line driving circuit 23 is provided at a position corresponding to the first frame portion 11A, and a display control circuit 23 is provided at a position corresponding to the second frame portion 11B. Circuit 22 , data line drive circuit 24 , control device 50 and acceleration sensor 52 .

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a circuit configuration in a state in which the display device 10 shown in FIG. 2 is rotated 90 degrees in the clockwise direction, that is, in a state in which the second frame portion 11B is placed on the upper side.

The element substrate 12, as shown in FIG. 5, is arranged and formed with n scanning lines Ly1, Ly2, ..., Lyn (n is a natural number) extending substantially across the entire width in the lateral direction (the up-down direction in FIG. 2). ), and m data lines Lx1, Lx2, .

Pixels 26 connected to the corresponding scanning lines Ly1 to Lyn and data lines Lx1 to Lxm are arranged at positions where the scanning lines Ly1 to Lyn and the data lines Lx1 to Lxm intersect. That is, a plurality of pixels 26 are arranged in a matrix shape on the element substrate 12 . In addition, each pixel 26 includes a control element such as an organic transistor Tr, and a light-transmitting pixel electrode 27 made of a transparent conductive film or the like (see FIG. 6 ).

FIG. 6 is an equivalent circuit of the pixel 26 formed corresponding to the intersection of the "m"th data line Lxm and the "n"th scanning line Lyn. The pixel 26 is composed of one organic transistor Tr, an electrophoretic display layer 14 having a width corresponding to the pixel electrode 27 , and a common electrode 18 .

The gate electrode 46 of the organic transistor Tr is connected to the "n" scan line Lyn, and the source electrode 42 is connected to the "m" data line Lxm. In addition, the drain electrode 43 of the organic transistor Tr is connected to the pixel electrode 27 . Furthermore, a common electrode 18 is formed at a position facing the pixel electrode 27 with the electrophoretic display layer 14 interposed therebetween. The common electrode 18 is connected to the common terminal COM.

As shown in FIG. 7 , an acceleration sensor 52 is provided in the second frame portion 11B of the display panel 11 . The acceleration sensor 52 has an X-direction detection axis 52x that coincides with the X-direction of the display panel 11, a Y-direction detection axis 52y that coincides with the Y-direction of the display panel 11, and a Z-direction detection axis that coincides with the Z-direction of the display panel 11. 52z.

If described in detail, as shown in FIGS. 8( a ) and ( b ), the X-direction detection axis 52 x is an axis for detecting the inclination angle ΔX with respect to the horizontal line Lx. The Y-direction detection axis 52y is an axis for detecting an inclination angle ΔY with respect to the horizontal line Ly. The Z-direction detection axis 52z is an axis for detecting an inclination angle ΔZ with respect to the antigravity direction −g.

The tilt angle ΔX is detected as "0 degrees" when the detection axis 52x in the X direction is parallel to the horizontal line Lx; when it is consistent with the direction of gravity g, it is detected as "-90 degrees"; when it is consistent with the direction of gravity g, it is detected as "-90 degrees"; When -g matches, it is detected as "90 degrees".

In addition, the inclination angle ΔY is detected as "0 degrees" when the Y-direction detection axis 52y is parallel to the horizontal line Ly; When the direction of gravity -g is the same, it is detected as "90 degrees".

Furthermore, the inclination angle ΔZ is detected as "0 degrees" when the Z-direction detection axis 52z coincides with the antigravity direction -g, and is detected as "90 degrees" when it is horizontal. If they match, it is detected as "180 degrees".

Hereinafter, the electrical configuration of the electrophoretic display device 10 configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG. 9 .

In FIG. 9 , a control device 50 as a selection unit includes a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, and the like. Furthermore, the control device 50 controls the display operation of the display panel 11 through the display control circuit 22 based on various data and various programs stored in ROM, RAM, and the like.

An input device 51 , an acceleration sensor 52 , operation buttons 111 to 114 as switches, and a display control circuit 22 are connected to the control device 50 .

The input device 51 is electrically connected to the control device 50 through an external connection terminal. The input device 51 is configured to be detachably connected to the control device 50 (display device 10 ), and is electrically connected thereto when necessary. The input device 51 inputs image data BD, various programs, etc. to the control device 50, and supplies electric energy for charging the storage battery to the storage battery. The image data BD is, for example, data of a book, and is data for generating an image corresponding to display contents of all pages together with the identification information for each page.

The control device 50 stores the input image data DB in RAM. Furthermore, the control device 50 selects a predetermined page to be displayed on the display panel 11, generates display data PD from the image data BD, and inputs it to the display control circuit 22. The first display data of the amount of pages. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the front 13a of the display device 10 is set as a reference display surface (initial display surface), and the above-mentioned display data PD is generated so as to display characters and the like on the front 13a as the initial display surface. The data.

For example, based on the display data PD, as shown in FIG. 10( a ), one page of characters (images) “ABC” is displayed on the front 13 a side of the display device 10 . At this time, since the element substrate 12 is transparent, inverted characters (reversed image) of characters (image) "ABC" are also displayed on the rear surface 12 a side.

In other words, a positive image of "ABC" is displayed on the front 13a side, and an inverted negative image of "ABC" is displayed on the back 12a side.

Furthermore, since the display device 10 is a reflective display device, when viewed from the front 13a side, the display on the back 12a side cannot be seen. And, the reverse is also the same. Therefore, it is desirable that the electrophoretic dispersant 34 illustrated in FIG. 4 is an intermediate color (for example, gray) between white and black, and is semitransparent. According to this configuration, for example, when viewed from the front 13a side, the influence of light incident from the rear surface 12a can be reduced. In addition, grayscale display is also possible. Specifically, for example, when viewed from the front 13a side, when the white particles are in close contact with the common electrode 18, it becomes a "white" display; The reflected light becomes "light gray" because it attenuates gradually, and the white particles become "gray" which is the color tone of the dispersing agent as they come to the middle of the thickness of the electrophoretic display layer. In addition, when the white particles further sink, that is, when they approach the element substrate 12 side, it becomes "dark gray". Moreover, at this time, instead of white particles, black particles are close to the common electrode 18 side, and when the white particles are completely sunk and are in close contact with the element formation layer 16, since the black particles are in close contact with the common electrode 18, the front surface "Black" was observed on the 13a side.

In this way, if the electrophoretic display device 10 of the present application is adopted, by controlling the potential difference applied between the common electrode 18 and the element formation layer 16 (pixel electrode 26), the thickness direction of the electrophoretic display layer of white particles and black particles can be adjusted. The position on the , so as to display the gray scale.

And, since the black particles 35b of the electrophoretic particles 35 dispersed in the electrophoretic dispersant 34 are concentrated on the front 13a side, the characters "ABC" displayed on the front 13a side are displayed in black as shown in FIG. 10(a). On the contrary, since the white particles 35w of the electrophoretic particles 35 are concentrated on the back surface 12a, the inverted characters displayed on the back surface 12a side of the display device 10 are displayed in white as shown in FIG. 10(b).

Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the side on which a desired image is correctly displayed on the front 13 a side or the back 12 a side is set as a "display surface".

That is, the control device 50 sets the display data PD as the display data PD of one page read from the image data BD when the "display surface" is on the front 13a side. On the other hand, when the "display surface" is on the rear 12a side, the display data PD is generated as display data PD (inverted display data) constituting the second display data based on the data from the image data DB. The display data PD of one page read out in the display data PD is obtained by inverting the left and right and black and white of the display data PD.

An X-axis angle signal AX representing the inclination angle ΔX, a Y-axis angle signal AY representing the inclination angle ΔY, and a Z-axis angle signal AZ representing the inclination angle ΔZ are input from the acceleration sensor 52 to the control device 50 .

When the control device 50 receives the Z-axis angle signal AZ from the acceleration sensor 52 and the Z-axis angle signal AZ is a signal indicating an angle greater than or equal to "0 degrees" and less than "90 degrees", it determines that the front surface of the display panel 11 is 13a faces upwards. In addition, when the control device 50 receives the Z-axis angle signal AZ from the acceleration sensor 52 and the Z-axis angle signal AZ is a signal indicating an angle greater than or equal to "90 degrees" and less than or equal to "180 degrees", it determines that the display panel The back side 12a of 11 faces upward. Then, the control device 50 determines which of the front 13 a and the back 12 a faces upward during initial setting, power-on, etc., and determines it as a "display surface" for displaying images and the like.

That is, the control device 50 detects the front 13a side as the "display surface" when the Z-axis angle signal AZ indicates that the angle "0 degree" is greater than or equal to "90 degrees", and the Z-axis angle signal AZ indicates that the angle is greater than or equal to "90 degrees". When the angle "90 degrees" is equal to or less than "180 degrees", the rear surface 12a side is detected as a "display surface".

In addition, if the control device 50 detects based on the X-axis angle signal AX, as shown in FIG. direction, it is determined that the display device 10 is "rotating in the forward direction". For example, when the "display surface" is on the front 13a side, the control device 50 judges the rotation of the inclination angle ΔX from "0 degrees" through "90 degrees" to "180 degrees" as "positive rotation"; When the display surface" is on the back 12a side, the rotation of the inclination angle ΔX from "180 degrees" through "-90 degrees" to "0 degrees" is determined as "positive rotation". Furthermore, if the control device 50 detects based on the X-axis angle signal AX, as shown in FIG. If the display device 10 rotates in the upward direction, it is determined that the display device 10 is "rotating in the opposite direction". For example, when the "display surface" is on the front 13a side, the control device 50 judges the rotation of the inclination angle ΔX from "0 degrees" through "-90 degrees" to "180 degrees" as "reverse rotation"; When the "display surface" is on the rear 12a side, the rotation of the inclination angle ΔX from "180 degrees" through "90 degrees" to "0 degrees" is determined as "reverse rotation".

Then, the control device 50 determines that the next page has been advanced when the display device 10 is "rotating in the forward direction", and converts the data read from the image data BD into the display data PD of the next page. Furthermore, the control device 50 determines that the page is turned back when the display device 10 is "rotated in the reverse direction", and converts the data read from the image data BD to the display data PD of the previous page.

However, as the page displayed on the display panel 11 after the power is turned on, if new image data BD is stored in the RAM, the control device 50 reads out the first page, and selects the same page as the previous page. Page.

The control device 50 receives the button signals B1 to B4 outputted by the ON operation from the operation buttons 111 to 114 .

The control device 50 responds to the button signals B1 to B4 and executes the functions corresponding to the respective button signals B1 to B4. In addition, each button signal B1 to B4 from each operation button 111 to 114 is changed according to data, programs, and the like stored in RAM, ROM, and the like. Moreover, in this embodiment, the operation button 111 is assigned as the "power" button for switching the power supply, the operation button 112 is assigned as the "previous page" button for moving to the previous page, and the operation button 113 is assigned as the "back page" button for moving to the previous page. The "next page" button for the next page is assigned to the operation button 114 as a "display surface switching" button for switching the "display surface".

In addition, in addition to the above-mentioned buttons, an operation button for switching between the front and back of the display, and an operation button for adjusting the gradation of the display may be provided.

The display control circuit 22 is electrically connected to the scanning line driving circuit 23 and the data line driving circuit 24 . The display control circuit 22 outputs a vertical synchronization signal SC to the scanning line driving circuit 23 and outputs a data timing signal VD to the data line driving circuit 24 . In addition, the display data PD for one page is received from the control device 50 , and the display data PD is supplied to the data line driving circuit 24 in synchronization with the data timing signal VD. Then, an image and the like are displayed on the display panel 11 .

The scanning line driving circuit 23, according to the vertical synchronization signal SC transmitted from the display control circuit 22, among the n scanning lines Lyn provided on the element substrate 12, in the order of Ly1, Ly2, . . . , Lyn-1, Lyn Select 1 scanline. Then, the scanning line driving circuit 23 outputs scanning signals SC1 to SCn (n is a natural number) corresponding to the selected scanning line. Then, these scanning signals SC1 to SCn control the timing at which the data signals VD1 to VDm output from the data line driving circuit 24 are supplied to the pixels 26 on the selected scanning line.

The data line driving circuit 24 generates data signals VD1 - VDm corresponding to the display data PD, and supplies them to the respective pixels 26 via the corresponding data lines Lx1 - Lxm. That is, by setting the organic transistors Tr of the pixels 26 selected by the scanning signals SC1 to SCn from the scanning line driving circuit 23 to the on state, the data signals VD1 to VDm supplied to the respective pixels 26 are supplied via the organic transistors Tr. to the pixel electrode 27. That is, an electric field based on the voltage of each data signal VD1 to VDm is generated between the pixel electrode 27 and the common electrode 18 facing each other with the electrophoretic display layer 14 interposed therebetween. And, according to the electric field generated between the pixel electrode 27 and the common electrode 18, the white particles 35w and the black particles 35b, which are the electrophoretic particles 35, move toward either the pixel electrode 27 or the common electrode 18 having potentials corresponding to their respective charges. By moving, an image based on white or black is displayed on the surface of the display panel 11 .

Next, the operation of the electrophoretic display device 10 configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. 11( a ) and ( b ).

Here, for convenience of description, in the control device 50 of the display device 10, new image data BD including images of a plurality of pages is stored in the RAM, and the image of the first page of the image data BD is set as The positive image representing black text "ABC" on a white background, and the image on page 2 is set as the positive image representing black text "DEF" on a white background.

First, the display device 10 is powered on by operating the operation button 111 which is a "power" button. Then, the control device 50 determines the upward (roof side) front 13a side of the display panel 11 as the "display surface", and displays an image representing "ABC" on the front 13a side as shown in FIG. 11(a).

Next, the display device 10 is rotated in the direction indicated by the arrow 60 with the center line C1 as the center of rotation. Then, the control device 50 determines that the display device 10 is "rotating in the forward direction" based on the Z-axis angle signal AZ input from the acceleration sensor 52 .

When it is determined that the display device 10 is "turned forward" and the "display surface" is switched to the rear 12a side, the control device 50 reads the display data PD of the second page from the image data BD to advance to the next page. And, since the "display surface" is on the back side 12a side, the control device 50 generates display data PD (inverted display data) in which both the left and right and black and white of the image based on the display data PD of the second page are reversed, and Input to the display control circuit 22 . Then, on the rear surface 12a side serving as the "display surface" of the display device 10, as shown in FIG. 11(b), an image showing black characters "DEF" on a white background is displayed.

Similarly, when the display device 10 is "rotated in the forward direction" so that the "display surface" is switched to the front 13a side, the control device 50 reads out the display data PD of the next page from the image data BD, and transfers the display data to PD is input to the display control circuit 22 . In addition, when the display device 10 is "rotated in the forward direction" so that the "display surface" becomes the back side 12a side, the control device 50 reads out the display data PD of the next page from the image data BD, and generates the display data PD. Display data PD (inverted display data) in which both the left and right and black and white of the image are inverted are input to the display control circuit 22 . In this way, the images of the respective pages can be successively and sequentially displayed on the display device 10 .

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 11( b ), when "DEF" as the image on the second page is displayed on the back surface 12a, the display device 10 is rotated with the centerline C1 as the center of rotation and rotated in the direction indicated by the arrow 61. direction. Then, the control device 50 detects that the display device 10 is "reversely rotated" based on the Z-axis angle signal AZ input from the acceleration sensor 52 .

If it is determined that the display device is "rotated in the opposite direction" and the "display surface" is switched to the front 13a side, the control device 50 reads the display data PD of the first page from the image data BD to turn back the page. Furthermore, since the “display surface” is the front surface 13 a , the control device 50 directly inputs the display data PD of the first page to the display control circuit 22 . Then, on the front surface 13a serving as the "display surface" of the display device 10, as shown in FIG. 11(a), an image representing black characters "ABC" on a white background is displayed.

Similarly, when the display device 10 is "reversely rotated" so that the "display surface" is switched to the front 13a, the control device 50 reads out the display data PD from the previous page of the image data BD, and inputs it to the display control circuit. twenty two. In addition, when the display device 10 is "rotated in the opposite direction" so that the "display surface" becomes the rear surface 12a, the control device 50 reads out the display data PD of the previous page from the image data BD, and The PD generates display data PD (inverted display data) in which both the left and right and black and white of the image are reversed, and inputs it to the display control circuit 22 . In this way, the image of the previous page of each page can be continuously displayed on the display device 10 .

Therefore, by "forward rotation" or "reverse rotation" of the display device 10, an image can be displayed on the front 13a side or the "display surface" of the rear 12a of the display device 10 so that pages can be forwarded or reversed. As a result, it is possible to provide a method for driving a thin and low-cost electrophoretic display device and an electrophoretic display device capable of displaying images and the like on both sides.

As described above, according to the driving method of the electrophoretic display device and the electrophoretic display device according to the present embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) In the present embodiment, the element substrate 12 and the counter substrate 13 are formed of a light-transmitting material, and the element formation layer 16 is also formed of a light-transmitting material. Accordingly, the image displayed on the electrophoretic display layer 14 can be viewed from the rear surface 12 a side which is the surface of the element substrate 12 in addition to the front surface 13 a side of the display panel 11 .

Furthermore, since the electrophoretic display device 10 of the present embodiment has a structure in which one electrophoretic display layer 14 is sandwiched between the element substrate 12 and the counter substrate 13, two (2) Layer) The electrophoretic display layer can be thinner than conventional electrophoretic display devices.

(2) In this embodiment, the transparent substrate 17 is formed of the same material as the rear substrate 15 to have the same thickness, and the common electrode 18 is formed to have the same thickness as the element formation layer 16, so that the element substrate 12 and the counter substrate 13 The light transmittance is close. Therefore, images and the like displayed on the electrophoretic display layer 14 are displayed with the same light transmittance from the A direction via the counter substrate 13 and from the B direction via the element substrate 12 . As a result, regardless of whether the "display surface" is set to the front 13a side or the "display surface" is set to the rear 12a side to display the same image, it can be displayed with the same light transmittance. That is, it is possible to reduce differences in images, such as differences in shades, depending on whether an image is displayed on the front 13a side or the back 12a side.

(3) In the present embodiment, the image data BD is, for example, data of one book. Therefore, it is possible to make the display device 10 correspond to one book.

(4) In the present embodiment, when the "display surface" is the front surface 13a of the display panel 11, the control device 50 generates the display data PD from the display data PD selected from the image data BD. In addition, when the "display surface" is the rear surface 12a of the display panel 11, display data PD (inverted display data) in which the display data PD read out from the image data BD are reversed in both left and right and black and white is generated, as display data PD. Therefore, on the display device 10, an image based on the image data BD can be displayed on either the front surface 13a or the rear surface 12a.

(5) In the present embodiment, the display device 10 includes the acceleration sensor 52 . Therefore, the acceleration sensor 52 can easily detect the inclination angle ΔX, the inclination angle ΔY, and the inclination angle ΔZ of the display device 10 , and the rotation direction of the display device 10 can be easily determined based on the detection.

(6) In the present embodiment, whether the display device 10 is "rotating forward" or "rotating backward" is detected from the acceleration sensor 52 . Therefore, the display device 10 can be forwarded to the next page by "forward rotation", and the page can be turned back by "reverse rotation". As a result, the display device 10 can change the displayed image by operations such as turning over a book or a booklet.

(7) In the present embodiment, operation button 112 is assigned as a button for moving to the previous page, operation button 113 is assigned as a button for moving to the next page, and operation button 114 is assigned as a button for switching display screens. Therefore, it is also possible to manually adjust the display while referring to the posture of the display device 10 .

(other embodiments)

· In the above-described embodiment, whether the acceleration sensor 52 detects whether the display device 10 is "rotating in the forward direction" or "rotating in the reverse direction" is performed. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the “horizontal rotation” of the display device 10 around the point C2 may be detected from the acceleration sensor 52 . For example, as shown in FIG. 12 , when it is "rotated horizontally" by 90 degrees around the point C2, it may be detected that the "display surface" becomes horizontally long, and two pages of images may be displayed. In addition, when it is detected that the display device 10 is "rotated horizontally" by 180 degrees with the point C2 as the center of rotation, the up and down of the displayed image may be switched.

- In the above-described embodiment, the image data BD is input from the input device 51 to the control device 50 . However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and a wireless communication function may be added to the control device 50 to transmit the image data BD by wireless communication. In addition, a connection terminal for a storage device such as a memory card may be provided on the control device 50 so that the image data BD may be supplied from the memory card or the like.

- In the above-mentioned embodiment, although the power supply of the display device 10 was supplied from the built-in storage battery, it may supply power from an external power supply. In this way, the display device 10 can be used in a place where there is a power supply regardless of the remaining power of the battery. In addition, by removing the storage battery from the display device 10, the weight of the display device 10 can be reduced.

In the above-described embodiment, although the operation buttons 111 to 114 are provided on the first frame portion 11A, the operation buttons 111 to 114 are not necessarily provided. In addition, the operation buttons 111 to 114 may be replaced with substitutes. For example, a touch sensor may be provided on the surface of the display device 10 , and if the touch sensor detects a touch, it may be compared with an image displayed on the display device 10 to detect whether a specific operation has been performed.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, although the acceleration sensor 52 is provided on the second frame portion 11B, the position where the acceleration sensor 52 is provided may be the position of the electrophoretic display device 10 as long as it does not interfere with the display on the front and back. any part.

- In the above embodiment, the "display surface" is detected by the acceleration sensor 52 . However, it is not limited thereto, and the "display surface" may be detected by a photosensor, a touch sensor, or the like. When an optical sensor is used, the "display surface" can be detected based on the intensity of the detected light. When a touch sensor is used, the "display surface" can be detected from the difference in the gripped area.

- In the above-mentioned embodiment, although the image of one page was displayed on the display device 10, the image of a plurality of pages, for example, the image of 4 pages etc. may be displayed on the display device 10.

- In the above-mentioned embodiment, the color of the display device 10 is divided into white and black. However, it is not limited thereto, and white and black may be different colors, and may be displayed in a plurality of gray scales. In addition, a color filter may be provided between the common electrode 18 and the transparent substrate 17 and between the element formation layer 16 and the element substrate 12 to perform color display on both front and back sides. In this case, three pixels respectively provided with red, green, and blue color filters constitute one color pixel.

- In the above-mentioned embodiment, although the display device 10 is formed as an electronic paper, as shown in FIG. 13 , it may be formed and used as an electronic book 70 . In this case, a plurality of electrophoretic display devices 10A are bound on a ring 72 provided on a binder 71 . Furthermore, input of image data BD, supply of power, and the like may be performed for each electrophoretic display device 10A through the ring 72 .

- In the said embodiment, although the 1st frame part 11A and the 2nd frame part 11B were provided, both the 1st frame part 11A and the 2nd frame part 11B can be removed.

- In the above embodiment, the rear substrate 15 and the transparent substrate 17 are made of the same material and have the same thickness, and the element formation layer 16 and the common electrode 18 are made of the same thickness. However, it is not limited thereto, and the materials and thicknesses may be different. In short, it is only necessary to set the light transmittances of the element substrate 12 and the counter substrate 13 to be the same. In addition, when the light transmittances of the element substrate 12 and the counter substrate 13 are different, a material for making the light transmittance equal may be added to the one with the higher light transmittance.

- In the above-mentioned embodiment, one piece of display data PD per one page is included in the image data BD. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and image data BD may include, for one page, third display data whose "display surface" is on the counter substrate 13 side and fourth display data whose "display surface" is on the element substrate 12 side. Display Data.

- In the said embodiment, the image data BD included the display data PD which made the counter substrate 13 side a "display surface". However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and image data BD may include fifth display data having a tag capable of specifying a corresponding "display surface". Then, when the "display surface" matches the label, the fifth display data is displayed as it is, and when the "display surface" is different from the label, sixth display data obtained by converting the fifth display data is displayed.

- In the above-described embodiment, the display device 10 has the counter substrate 13 side (front surface 13 a ) as the initial display surface, but the element substrate 12 side (rear surface 12 a ) may be set as the initial display surface.

Claims (12)

1. electrophoretic display apparatus comprises:

Transparent device substrate with transparent pixel electrode;

Transparent counter substrate with corresponding with pixel electrodes, transparent common electrode;

Seize the electrophoresis showed layer between said elements substrate and above-mentioned counter substrate on both sides by the arms; And

Selected cell, it selects any one substrate in said elements substrate and the above-mentioned counter substrate, as the display surface of above-mentioned electrophoresis showed layer.

2. electrophoretic display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, above-mentioned selected cell is according to from the signal towards the sensor of the face of upside that detects above-mentioned electrophoretic display apparatus, selects above-mentioned face towards upside as above-mentioned display surface.

3. electrophoretic display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, above-mentioned selected cell is selected above-mentioned display surface according to the signal from switch, and wherein this switch is specified a side that shows of above-mentioned electrophoretic display apparatus.

4. according to any described electrophoretic display apparatus of claim 1～3, wherein, above-mentioned display surface is selected above-mentioned counter substrate as initial display surface.

5. according to any described electrophoretic display apparatus of claim 1～4, wherein:

Preserve a plurality of video datas that are endowed order;

Thereby clockwise rotate when having switched above-mentioned display surface by above-mentioned selected cell around the rotation axis parallel with above-mentioned display surface at above-mentioned display surface, video data of next order of the above-mentioned video data that showed before above-mentioned display surface switches is shown;

Thereby rotate counterclockwise when having switched above-mentioned display surface by above-mentioned selected cell around the rotation axis parallel with above-mentioned display surface at above-mentioned display surface, the video data of the last order of the above-mentioned video data that showed before above-mentioned display surface switches is shown.

6. according to any described electrophoretic display apparatus of claim 1～5, wherein, the light transmission rate of said elements substrate is identical with the light transmission rate of above-mentioned counter substrate.

7. the driving method of an electrophoretic display apparatus, this electrophoretic display apparatus comprises:

Transparent device substrate with transparent pixel electrode;

Transparent counter substrate with corresponding with pixel electrodes, transparent common electrode;

Seize the electrophoresis showed layer between said elements substrate and above-mentioned counter substrate on both sides by the arms; And

Selected cell, it selects any one substrate in said elements substrate and the above-mentioned counter substrate, and as the display surface of above-mentioned electrophoresis showed layer, this method comprises:

To become the mode of the demonstration that is suitable for the above-mentioned display surface selected by above-mentioned selected cell, above-mentioned electrophoresis showed layer is driven video data.

8. the driving method of electrophoretic display apparatus according to claim 7, wherein:

Be kept at the 1st video data that shows on the above-mentioned counter substrate in advance;

Under the selected situation as above-mentioned display surface of above-mentioned counter substrate, above-mentioned the 1st video data is set to above-mentioned video data;

Under the selected situation of said elements substrate, above-mentioned the 1st video data is transformed to the 2nd video data that is used for showing on the said elements substrate, and is set to above-mentioned video data as above-mentioned display surface.

9. the driving method of electrophoretic display apparatus according to claim 7, wherein:

The 4th video data when the 3rd video data, the said elements substrate when preparing above-mentioned counter substrate in advance and being set to above-mentioned display surface is set to above-mentioned display surface;

Select above-mentioned 3rd data corresponding or any one in above-mentioned the 4th data, be set to above-mentioned video data with the above-mentioned display surface of selecting by above-mentioned selected cell.

10. the driving method of electrophoretic display apparatus according to claim 7, wherein:

The above-mentioned video data of Bao Cuning is the 5th video data that shows in above-mentioned counter substrate or said elements substrate any one in advance;

It is the label which substrate is set to the above-mentioned video data of display surface that above-mentioned the 5th video data has expression the 5th video data;

When the above-mentioned display surface of being selected by above-mentioned selected cell was the represented display surface of above-mentioned label, above-mentioned the 5th video data was set to above-mentioned video data;

When the above-mentioned display surface of being selected by above-mentioned selected cell is not the represented display surface of above-mentioned label, is transformed to the 6th video data that is used on above-mentioned display surface, showing, and is set to above-mentioned video data.

11. the driving method of electrophoretic display apparatus according to claim 7, wherein:

Be set under the situation of display surface in above-mentioned counter substrate and the said elements substrate is set under the situation of display surface, above-mentioned video data uses identical data;

Change the order of pixel electrodes according to the above-mentioned display surface of selecting by above-mentioned selected cell, and drive.

12. according to the driving method of any described electrophoretic display apparatus of claim 7～11, wherein:

Preserve a plurality of above-mentioned video datas that are endowed order;

Thereby clockwise rotate when having switched above-mentioned display surface around the rotation axis parallel at above-mentioned display surface, drive video data of next order of the above-mentioned video data that before above-mentioned display surface switches, shows with above-mentioned display surface by above-mentioned selected cell;

Thereby rotate counterclockwise when having switched above-mentioned display surface around the rotation axis parallel at above-mentioned display surface, drive the video data of the last order of the above-mentioned video data that before above-mentioned display surface switches, shows with above-mentioned display surface by above-mentioned selected cell.

Images