CN1013279B - Method for producing chromium-containing pig iron - Google Patents
Method for producing chromium-containing pig ironInfo
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- CN1013279B CN1013279B CN87103786A CN87103786A CN1013279B CN 1013279 B CN1013279 B CN 1013279B CN 87103786 A CN87103786 A CN 87103786A CN 87103786 A CN87103786 A CN 87103786A CN 1013279 B CN1013279 B CN 1013279B
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- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- -1 steam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004484 Briquette Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017060 Fe Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000018984 mastication Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010077 mastication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940062042 oxygen 50 % Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003245 working effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/02—Making special pig-iron, e.g. by applying additives, e.g. oxides of other metals
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
Abstract
A method for producing chromium-containing pig iron (19), comprising the steps of: the cold-bonded pellets, iron ore (10) and coke blocks (11) are loaded from the upper part of a blast furnace (13), gas with the oxygen content (16) of more than 50 percent and a flame temperature control agent (12) at the front edge of a tuyere are blown into the blast furnace through the tuyere, and the cold-bonded pellets are composed of main raw materials of chromium ore powder (5) and coke powder (6). The preparation steps of the cold-bonded pellet are as follows: pre-forming the mixture (7), granulating (8) and solidifying (9), the controlling agent for controlling the tuyere flame temperature being top gas, steam, water or CO2These gases were used to control the flame temperature at 2000-.
Description
The present invention relates to utilize blast furnace production to contain the method for chromium pig iron, particularly relate to and utilize cold bound pellet to do to prepare burden and blast the method that gas generation contains chromium pig iron from blast-furnace tuyere.
Contain that chromium pig iron normally produces in electric furnace.Though proposed the scheme that several blast furnace productions contain chromium pig iron, because chrome ore is difficult to be reduced and its fusing point height, although carried out overtesting in blast furnace, these schemes all fail to put into practice.
Disclose among Japanese Patent publication (KOKOKU) No.60-21218:
(1) cold bound pellet of employing carbonaceous material; And
(2) adopt high flame temperature at the place, air port, it can obtain by be blown into hot oxygen airflow from the air port, and the air oxygen level is 41% or lower.
The shortcoming of this method is that owing to so that top gas temperature very big by the bosh area gas volume surpass 500 ℃ of orders of magnitude, this just makes the load of furnace roof equipment very big, and causes productivity very low.
The purpose of this invention is to provide the method that a kind of production contains chromium pig iron, this method can prevent the general temperature rise of Top of BF, and can reduce heat to influence that furnace body and blast-furnace equipment produced.
These purposes and other purpose and advantage from following detailed description of the present invention also in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, will become more apparent.
Contain the method for chromium pig iron according to a kind of production provided by the invention, this method comprises following a few step:
In blast furnace, add cold bound pellet iron ore and the coke briquette of making by powder chrome ore, powder coke; And
Air port by blast furnace is blown into the gas that contains 50% above oxygen in blast furnace.
Fig. 1 shows blast furnace operating synoptic diagram according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 shows the heat balance diagram of controlling in the operating with hot air process;
When Fig. 3 changes for the flame temperature when the air port, the heat balance diagram of a specific embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is for when the chromium content in the pig iron changes, and another tool of the present invention is stopped the heat balance diagram of embodiment;
Fig. 5 is the correlated explanatory view of proportionlity in top gas temperature STRENGTH ON COKE proportionlity in the oxygen blast furnace of the present invention and the operating with hot air;
Fig. 6 is the explanatory view that concerns between chromium content in the pig iron and the fuel ratio; And
Fig. 7 is temperature distribution explanatory view in the stove of estimation.
Fig. 1 illustrates the synoptic diagram that contains the chromium pig iron method by production of the present invention.
The coke powder 6 that the chromite ore fine 5 that chrome ore 1 is made through fine grainding, coke fine silt are made through corase grind, cement 3, ground silica 4 are made mixture by mixing 7.Mixture causes nodules through pill 8.Nodules causes cold bound pellet by solidifying 9.
Cold bound pellet, iron ore 10, coke 11 and silica 12 add blast furnace 13.
The term that occurs in explanation of the present invention and the claim " pure oxygen ", it contains to mean and needs not to be 100% purity, can contain small amount of impurities.
According to aforesaid method, provide because cold bound pellet is the form with the cold bound pellet of carbonaceous material, ore grain size is very thin again, and they have many points to contact with carbon like this, thereby reduction reaction can be carried out at low temperatures, and helps the reduction of furnace heat load.For example, can reach 90% reduction in following 60 minutes at 1350 ℃, in this case, if granularity is littler, the reduction rate of ore carries out very soon usually, because granular size is determining the velocity of diffusion in the ore.Reduction reaction speed can increase with the increase of carbon content, still, both made when adding the carbon amount and surpassing the equivalent value that carbide generates, also can not show obvious effects.Owing in the preparation process of cold bound pellet, added ground silica, therefore just might obtain not only reductibility excellence but also hot mastication and the also very good material ball of melting properties.Solidify 9 and be divided into two types: (1) " former state curing " and (2) fast setting.In the type (1), the material ball is to solidify 3-4 week to improve intensity in outside atmosphere.In the type (2), the material ball will be handled through predrying, steam treatment and after drying and improve intensity in 9-14 hour.Through such curing schedule, can access and be fit to the blast furnace needed intensity of loading.
Regulation chromium content is lower than at 40% o'clock, can produce.In this case, because the tolerance in abdomen cross section is less, blast furnace can not get essential heat.The preferred method that therefore will reach temperature required level is to be blown into preheating gas from the blast furnace middle layer.Yet,,, also may obtain the necessary heat of preheating oven if recently improve bosh portion tolerance and produce by improving fuel even chromium is lower than at content under 40% the situation.
Though with regard to pre-hot gas,, can introduce blast furnace to top burning gas 18 and pure oxygen 16 through burner 14, except the gas of top, also can utilize coke(oven)gas, heavy oil and tar according to the foregoing description.Though can use burner according to the present invention, the temperature that also can use roasting kiln to prepare pre-hot gas preheating gas can be adjusted in 1000 ℃ of-1600 ℃ of scopes.When being lower than 1000 ℃, the reduction reaction of cold bonding ramming material ball slows down.Temperature surpasses 1600 ℃, and ore is softening, produces not satisfied " decline " phenomenon.Temperature surpasses 1600 ℃ of work-ing lifes that increased the thermal load of blast furnace and shortened blast furnace.When chromium content surpassed 40% numbers of poles, the necessity of using pre-hot gas had so just been exempted in the higher and bosh tolerance increase of fuel ratio.
Pure oxygen 16 and flame temperature control agent are blown into blast furnace by air port 15.Preferred flame temperature control agent is top gas, water vapor, water and freezing air, and flame temperature preferably is controlled at 2000 ℃-2900 ℃.When being lower than 2000 ℃, very difficult grasp contains the tapping temperature that chromium pig iron meets the requirements.When temperature surpassed 2900 ℃, the slag component gasified strongly, causes generating gas in the Top of BF condensation, so optimum temperature range is 2400 ℃-2800 ℃.
In addition, because oxygen is to replace warm air to be blown into blast furnace from the air port,, so just can reduce the consumption of coke so also be blown into the fuel of more amount here.With regard to fuel, can use coal dust, coke powder, heavy oil and tar.
In addition, owing to being blown into of oxygen, thus the reduction of the tolerance of bosh portion, thereby prevent the temperature rise in Top of BF district and subsidiary " come-up " of furnace charge.As a result, just might improve production.Because top gas is substantially free of N
2So it has wide practical value as the chemosynthesis unstripped gas.
In this embodiment, because pure oxygen 16 15 is blown into from the air port, so pure oxygen can be with containing the gas replacement of oxygen 50% or more.If oxygen level is 50% or lower, the so just essential fuel ratio that improves.The result causes the top gas temperature excessively and make us undesirably improving.Preferred oxygen content is 95-100%.The advantage of this content range is:
(a) be fixed on effective composition (CO+H of the gas that forward position, the air port place on the blast furnace produces
2) the content increase.
(b) production tolerance in unit can reduce, so productivity improves.
(c) top gas is fit to do the chemosynthesis unstripped gas, because CO is abundant in the gas, and contains N hardly
2
With regard to slag is formed, Al in the slag
2O
3The content of MgO is preferably 30% or lower.If this content surpasses 30%, be retained in the Cr in the bosh
2O
3Reduction carry out slowlyer, and the productive rate of chromium reduces.In this embodiment, make solvent to control scoriaceous composition with silica.
The present invention will get better from following example and understand, and notes these examples with explaining, as restriction.
The balance of material in the blast furnace operating and heat is described as follows, to disclose oxygen and operating with hot air.
Table 1 shows the calculation requirement amount.
Material balance is considered the highest and lowermost portion, i.e. two portions of blast furnace.Make the boundary temperature of upper and lower equal to control thermally equilibrated Cr than lower part at blast furnace
2O
3The temperature that direct reduction reactor begins, i.e. 1650 ℃ and the 1350 ℃ cold bonding degree ramming material balls that are applicable to chrome ore piece and contenting carbon material respectively.The amount of preheating gas and can obtain from the highest part of blast furnace and the balance of lowest part respectively by the amount that the air port is blown into gas.
Calculation result is shown among Fig. 2-4.
These figure show respectively, improve the relation between solid temperature and reduction reaction institute's heat requirement and radiation quantity and the gas temperature reduction during blast furnace is produced.Among Fig. 2-4, the slope of a curve of expression gas temperature and heat relation is big more, and bosh tolerance is big more, and fuel ratio is high more.
Fig. 2 is the calculated examples of contrast operating with hot air, and in this case, the air port flame temperature is with Cr
2O
3The variation of 1650 ℃ of reduction reaction starting temperatures and Cr content 20% and changing.Owing to use chromite, so temperature will be adjusted for 1650 ℃.
In the diagram of Fig. 2,2000 ℃ of solid temperatures of locating of air port flame (Tf) are with a
1(s) expression, it with gas temperature (with a
1(g) expression) variation and change; 2300 ℃ of following solid temperatures are (with b
1(s) expression) it with gas temperature (with b
1(g) expression) variation and change; 2600 ℃ of following solid temperatures are (with c
1(s) expression) with gas temperature (with c
1(g) expression) variation and change, for example, under 2000 ℃ of air port flame temperatures, the solid temperature is along curve a
1(s) X → y → z changes, wherein,
X: top loading attitude;
Y: higher part and than the lower part interfacial state; And
Z: the attitude of tapping a blast furnace.
Gas is along a
1(g) L → M of curve → N changes, wherein,
L: air port attitude
M: higher part and interfacial state than lower part; And
N: Top of BF vent gas figure.
By improving air port flame temperature Tf, fuel ratio F.R. is reduced, and the top gas temperature can be from 1060 ℃ greatly low to 547 ℃.Yet more than 500 ℃, occur damaging Top of BF refractory materials problem at flame temperature next top, air port gas temperature, and the thermal load of Top of BF equipment is strengthened problem.
Fig. 3 shows when warm air and pure oxygen are blown into blast furnace by the air port, and the constant level of Cr is the variation of 20% blast furnace operating.Owing to used the cold bonding knot ball of carbonaceous material, so Cr
2O
3The starting temperature of reduction reaction is 1350 ℃.Be blown in the operation at warm air, the tuyere nose flame temperature when hot air temperature is 1100 ℃ is 1350 ℃, notes solid temperature variation a(s) expression, the variation of gas temperature is with a
1(g) expression.
In the oxygen blast operation, pure oxygen and be blown into blast furnace along the top gas of temperature control agent by the air port as the air port fire will make flame temperature (Tf) reach 2600 ℃ and 2900 ℃.In the time of Tf=2600 ℃, solid and gas temperature change respectively with b
2(s) and b
2(g) expression, and in the time of Tf=2900 ℃, the temperature variation of solid and gas is respectively with c
2(s) and c
2(g) expression.Under the oxygen blast operational circumstances, the temperature of top gas reduces, and preferably uses pre-hot gas.
Fig. 4 illustrates in the oxygen blast operation Cr content at T
RT is noted in the variation of blast furnace operating when=1350 ℃ and Tf=2900 ℃ change
RRepresent Cr respectively with Tf
2O
3The starting temperature of reduction reaction and air port flame temperature.The variation of 40%-Cr solid and gas temperature is respectively with a
3(s) and a
3(g) expression; The temperature of 20%-Cr solid and gas is respectively with b
3(s) and b
3(g) expression; And the temperature variation of 10%-Cr solid and gas is respectively with C
3(s) and c
3(g) expression.Containing under chromium 10% and the 20% solid situation, the top gas temperature descends, and therefore preferably uses preheating gas.Containing under the solid situation of chromium 40% and can operate without preheating gas.
Along with the increase of chromium content (%), the bottom house heat requirement increases, so fuel ratio F.R increases.
Fig. 5 is blown into the comparison of operation for pre-top gas temperature and coke ratio relation and warm air in the oxygen blast operation.5,10,20,40 and 60 is the percentage composition of chromium among Fig. 5, and A, B, C, D, E and F are calculated value, requires to be shown in as in the following table 2 according to blast furnace operating.
Solid line represents that the warm air under the various conditions is blown into operation among Fig. 5.When chromium content increased, the top gas temperature improved, and caused blast furnace operating to become difficult.On the other hand, represent oxygen to be blown into blast furnace can to reduce the bosh gas volume from the air port in the oxygen blast operation (E, F) according to dotted line of the present invention.So just the top gas temperature can be reduced, and the rising of top gas temperature can be suppressed.According to the present invention, chromium content surpasses at 40% o'clock, and operation can be finished under the condition of hot gas in advance, still when chromium content is lower than 40%, preferably is blown into preheating gas and reduces significantly to prevent the top gas temperature.According to the present invention, not only oxygen but also temperature control gas also can be blown into blast furnace to control above-mentioned flame temperature by the air port.
Fig. 6 shows when top gas and steam being made forward position, air port flame temperature control agent and be used for oxygen blast and produce, and the relation between Cr content and the fuel ratio is noted:
(a) when using steam, the flame temperature Tf in forward position, air port rises to 2600 ℃;
(b) when coal dust and top gas when the air port is blown into blast furnace, temperature T f rises to 2600 ℃;
(c) under (b) identical condition, temperature T f rises to 2900 ℃;
And
(d) when only making the temperature control agent when the air port is blown into blast furnace with top gas, temperature T f rises to 2600 ℃.
If make forward position, air port flame temperature control agent with steam, bigger thermal absorption can take place, thereby cause fuel ratio FR high more.It should be noted that atmosphere can be used for controlling the flame temperature of tuyere nose.
Table 3 is according in the oxygen blast operation of the present invention, when making forward position, air port flame temperature control agent with top gas, and molten metal unit consumption example per ton.When Cr=40-60%, the CO in the top gas
2Content hangs down to the 4-9% order of magnitude, promptly can directly or through slight handle afterwards as the chemosynthesis unstripped gas.
Fig. 7 is a temperature distributing curve diagram in the blast furnace.Solid line among Fig. 7 is represented as Tf=2000 ℃ and T
R=1650 ℃ warm air is blown into operation, notes T
RRepresent the starting temperature of reduction reaction.Tf=2900 ℃ and T have been shown in dotted line among Fig. 7
ROxygen blast operation in the time of=1350 ℃.When operating as the oxygen blast of raw material with carbon containing cold consolidated pelletizing, the furnace roof thermal load that can slow down body of heater.Because the blast furnace internal gas has very high reductibility, so the reduction reaction of FeO finishes very soon, so that the corrosion of the furnace wall refractory that causes of temperature and chemical erosion can alleviate.
It below is example according to blast furnace operating in the carbon containing cold consolidated pelletizing manufacturing processed of the present invention.
Chromite ore fine, coke powder, cement and ground silica all have chemical constitution and size-grade distribution separately, as shown respectively in table 4 and the table 5.They mix according to the ratio shown in the table 6.The blended material is by the granulation of 4m diameter disk pellet processing machine, then both can fast setting (1) also can solidify to be prepared into carbon containing cold consolidated pelletizing.
Curing schedule (1) is: predrying (90 ℃, 30 minutes), steam treatment (on 100 ℃ of saturation steams 9 time) and after drying are handled (250 ℃, 1 hour).
* the characteristic of curing schedule (1) finish mix grain is shown in as in the following table 7.
Compare with the material that does not contain any powdery silica, the refining performance of the resistance to compression of gained material grain, degree, crushing strength, charging is very good in the example.Crushing strength is represented with blanking ball particulate ratio from screening out 3mm after 2 meters eminences fall 10 times with material grain.Required load was represented when ultimate compression strength was destroyed with individual particle.
In the curing schedule (2), the material ball can solidify for 1,2,3 and 4 weeks in outside atmosphere, measure their ultimate compression strength respectively.
Ultimate compression strength increases with the prolongation of curing cycle, so the material grain that solidifies after 4 weeks can be used for blast furnace production.Compare with case of comparative examples, example shows that high compressive strength also can obtain under the fast setting situation.
Below be example, the method that contains chromium pig iron promptly produced according to the invention.
The furnace diameter of used blast furnace is 0.95m, and its internal capacity is 3.9m
3Batching can be made of carbon containing cold consolidated pelletizing, agglomerate, silica and coke, and these materials will be loaded into and can obtain the predetermined amount that contains chromium.Dosing silica is in order to make Al in the slag
2O
3The content of-MgO reaches 25% or lower.When using steam as the flame temperature control agent, pure oxygen and coal can be blown into blast furnace.1100 ℃ of pre-hot gas of combustion gases is blown into from the middle part of blast furnace.Unit consumption is at length listed in as in the following table 9, and operating result is shown in as in the following table 10.
Confirm that the coke powder that is blown into blast furnace through the air port can fully burn.If, can obtain effect preferably in the blast furnace without any collapsing material, blow through and float existence.When tapping a blast furnace, also can be observed slick slagging tap.
Cr in the slag
2O
3Content be lower than 0.3%.From this point, can reach a conclusion, the reduction process of chrome ore can successfully be carried out.
Along with the increase of chromium contents level, some rises the top gas temperature, but in the problem that can not be unfavorable for blast furnace operating below 300 ℃.As for the composition of top gas, CO surpasses 65% and N
2Almost nil.Can say for certain that above-mentioned top gas has use value widely as the chemosynthesis unstripped gas.
Table 1-1
(1) ore is formed
TFe FeO Fe Cr
2O
3SiO
2CaO Al
2O
3MgO Mn Fe ore 0.5863 0.0395 0 0 0.0540 0.0800 0.0513 0.0129 0.0030 Cr ore 0.1127 0.145 0 0.564 0.0455 0.0043 0.1290 0.1302 0
(2) composition of the pig iron
No. Cr C Si P Fe
1 60 8 1 0.05 30.95%
2 40 8 1 0.05 50.95
3 20 8 1 0.05 70.95
4 10 8 1 0.05 80.95
(3) slag is formed
CaO/SiO
2＝0.5
（Al
2O
3+MgO）/（Al
2O
3+MgO+SiO
2+CaO）＝0.42
Table 1-2
(4) molten metal and molten slag temperature
1750 ℃ of molten metals
1800 ℃ of molten slags
(5) hang down the temperature of solidification T that has a common boundary with higher part
R
The cold bonding ramming material ball of carbonaceous material:
T
R1350℃
Lump: T
R1650 ℃
(6) thermosteresis
25×10
4Kcal/T
(7) gas is blown into condition
Be blown into the gas control preparation and be blown into the temperature flame temperature
Warm air (O
221%) 600 ℃ 2000 ℃
Warm air (O
221%) 900 ℃ 2300 ℃
Warm air (O
230%) 1100 ℃ 2600 ℃
O
2Top gas-2600,2900
O
2Steam-2600,2900
Table 2
Forward position, grade air port air blast blast temperature air port flame temperature reduction reaction rises
(℃) temperature (℃) the beginning temperature (℃)
A contains O
221% 600 2,000 1650
Warm air
B contains O
221% 900 2,300 1650
Warm air
C contains O
230% 1,100 2,600 1650
Warm air
Table 1-3
(8) batching (kg/T)
Cr% chrome ore iron ore lime stone silica in the numbering pig iron
1 60 1690 209 350 295
2 40 1126 662 130 130
3 20 564 1115 0 60
4 10 282 1340
Table 2(is continuous)
Forward position, grade air port air blast blast temperature air port flame temperature reduction reaction rises
(℃) temperature (℃) the beginning temperature (℃)
D contains O
230% 1,100 2,600 1350
Warm air
The pure O of E
2
+
Coal dust free air temperature 2,600 1350
+
Top gas
The pure O of F
2
+
Coal dust free air temperature 2,900 1350
+
Top gas
Table 3-1
2600 ℃ 2,900 2,600 2,900 2,600 2900 of flame temperature
（Tf）
Chrome ore 564Kg 564 1,126 1,126 1,690 1690
Iron ore 1115Kg 1,115 662 662 209 209
Wingdale 0Kg 0 131 128 351 348
Silica 61Kg 64 128 131 292 297
Cold bound pellet
In carbon content 150Kg 150 225 225 300 300
Coke briquette 340Kg 250 405 295 520 380
Amount to 490Kg 400 630 520 820 680
O
2547Nm
3488 787 709 1028 925
Circulation top gas 312Nm
3146 591 316 891 488
Table 3-2
2600 ℃ 2,900 2,600 2,900 2,600 2900 of flame temperature
（Tf）
Pre-hot gas 66Nm circulates
3207 0000
Top gas CO 68.5% 61.5 79.0 77.2 83.6 52.5
CO
217.7% 23.9 8.0 9.3 3.9 4.5
H
27.5% 6.6 9.5 9.5 10.5 10.6
H
2O 5.5% 7.3 2.8 3.3 1.4 1.7
N
20.7% 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7
Calorie 3.6 * 10
63.0 6.1 5.5 8.4 7.7
Kcal
Amount 1593Nm
31,461 2,316 2,122 3,018 2769
100 ℃ 100 259 106 346 198 of temperature
Table 5
Granularity (μ) 500-250-125-74-44--44
1000 500 250 125 74
Cr ore powder 0.09 0.25 2.96 9.27 7.88 79.55
（%）
Coke powder 0.08 0.49 5.08 10.57 83.78
（%）
Cement (%) 0.19 0.35 2.47 96.99
Ground silica (%) 0.11 0.17 0.38 2.99 9.05 87.30
Table 6
The comparison example example
Cr ore powder 70.20 60.68
（%）
Mixed composition coke powder 14.80 12.80
（%）
Cement (%) 15.00 15.00
Ground silica 11.52
（%）
Table 7
The case of comparative examples example
Ultimate compression strength 138.40 141.01
（kg/p）
Crushing strength 0.10 0.30
Fast (3mm%)
Solidify refining zero ◎ of charging
(reduction)
Refining fusibility △ ◎
Table 8
The case of comparative examples example
Solidify for anti-62.38 76.41 after 1 week
Pressure degree (kg/p)
Former state solidifies for anti-88.68 86.59 after 2 weeks
Pressure degree (kg/p)
Solidify
Solidify for anti-94.91 97.78 after 3 weeks
Pressure degree (kg/p)
Solidify for anti-113.79 125.02 after 4 weeks
Pressure degree (kg/p)
Table 9
The Cr 5 10 15 20 of expection
Content value
（%）
Cold fixed 67Kg/H 268Kg/T 128 545 203 812 257 1089
Pelletizing
Dress
Agglomerate 375 1,500 323 1,374 310 1,240 260 1102
Fill out
Thing
Coke 350 1,400 375 1,596 400 1,600 425 1800
Material
Cold fixed 10 40 19 81 31 124 39 165
In the pelletizing
The carbon amount
Table 9(is continuous)
The Cr 5 10 15 20 of expection
Content value
（%）
Oxygen 240Nm
3/ H 260 260 288
Steam blowing 69Kg/H 70 70 83
Go into coal dust 80 320 80 340 80 320 80 339
Tf 2600℃ 2700 2700 2700
1100 ℃ 1,100 1,100 1100 of pre-temperature
Heat
Tolerance 250Nm
3/ H 250 250 250
Table 10-1
The Cr 5 10 15 20 of expection
Content value
（%）
Fuel ratio 1760Kg/T 2,017 2,044 2304
Go out calculated value 250Kg/H1000Kg/T 235 1,000 250 1,000 236 1000
Iron
Amount actual value 274 215 252 231
Remove calculated value 147 588 182 774 237 948 272 1153
Slag
Amount actual value 129 165 178 224
Amount of dust 20 80 34 145 58 232 64 271
1432 ℃ 1,478 1,487 1442 of tapping temperature
1464 ℃ 1,527 1,487 1500 of slag temperature
Table 10-2
C 3.81% 3.74 3.63 3.25
Gold
Si 2.84 5.26 5.48 6.80
Belong to
Cr 4.68 9.86 15.46 19.42
Group
P 0.178 0.216 0.244 0.241
Become
S 0.112 0.091 0.107 0.153
Table 10-3
MgO 7.02% 7.68 7.60 6.87
Stove Al
2O
314.86 16.42 14.54 16.58
Slag SiO
235.36 35.30 37.47 38.38
Group CaO 31.88 29.43 27.25 26.83
Become Cr
2O
30.0476 0.181 0.276 0.295
P
2O
50.015 0.016 0.017 0.013
S 1.414 1.576 1.676 1.090
Table 10-4
The top gas temperature (℃) 200 200 230 250
Top CO 69.7% 73.8 75.3 75.9
Portion
Gas CO
215.9 12.5 10.2 10.0
Body
Group H
214.2 13.7 14.7 14.1
Become
N
2Tr. Tr. Tr. Tr.
Claims (12)
1, produces the method that contains chromium pig iron, comprise chromite ore fine and coke powder is mixed and made into pelletizing and with its curing, cold bound pellet, iron ore and the coke briquette of the gained blast furnace of packing into is carried out cold refining, it is characterized in that: oxygen level is surpassed 50% gas in blast-furnace tuyere is blown into stove; In stove, be blown into a kind of temperature control agent from the forward position, air port; The flame temperature in control forward position, air port is 2000-2900 ℃.
2, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that described gas comprises the oxygen of 95-100%.
3, in accordance with the method for claim 2, it is characterized in that described gas comprises pure oxygen.
4, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that described temperature control agent comprises from top circulation gas, steam, water, CO
2With select at least in the freezing air a kind of.
5, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that forward position, described air port flame temperature will be controlled at 2400-2800 ℃.
6, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that also comprising from the blast furnace middle part and be blown into a kind of 1000-1600 ℃ the step of gas to prepare burden the preheating blast furnace.
7, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that also comprising a step that in blast furnace, is blown into fuel through the air port.
8, in accordance with the method for claim 7, it is characterized in that described fuel comprises choose at least a from coke powder, coke powder, heavy oil, coal tar.
9, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that described mixing granulation step comprises, except described chromite ore fine and coke powder, also need sneak into the silica source to make described nodules.
10, in accordance with the method for claim 1, the curing schedule that it is characterized in that described nodules is that said nodules is solidified in outside atmosphere.
11, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that described material grain curing schedule is, said nodules is handled through predrying, steam treatment and after drying and is made it fast setting.
12, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that the step of loading described cold bound pellet, described iron ore and described coke is, add silica, make Al in the formed slag
2O
3The content of-MgO is 30% or lower.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61134622A JPS62290841A (en) | 1986-06-10 | 1986-06-10 | Manufacture of chromium-containing iron |
| JP134622/86 | 1986-06-10 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN87103786A CN87103786A (en) | 1987-12-23 |
| CN1013279B true CN1013279B (en) | 1991-07-24 |
Family
ID=15132682
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN87103786A Expired CN1013279B (en) | 1986-06-10 | 1987-05-25 | Method for producing chromium-containing pig iron |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4985075A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0249006B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS62290841A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1013279B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU570873B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1308917C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3775994D1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5234490A (en) * | 1991-11-29 | 1993-08-10 | Armco Inc. | Operating a blast furnace using dried top gas |
| US6206949B1 (en) | 1997-10-29 | 2001-03-27 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | NOx reduction using coal based reburning |
| US6090182A (en) * | 1997-10-29 | 2000-07-18 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Hot oxygen blast furnace injection system |
| US6384126B1 (en) | 1997-11-10 | 2002-05-07 | James Pirtle | Binder formulation and use thereof in process for forming mineral pellets having both low and high temperature strength |
| JP4572435B2 (en) * | 1999-12-24 | 2010-11-04 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Method for producing reduced iron from iron-containing material |
| CN101280348A (en) * | 2008-04-23 | 2008-10-08 | 沈阳东方钢铁有限公司 | High-temperature coal gas blast furnace iron-smelting process |
| CN102759419A (en) * | 2011-04-28 | 2012-10-31 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Determination method for heat redundancy in blast furnace |
| US20140162205A1 (en) * | 2012-12-10 | 2014-06-12 | American Air Liquide, Inc. | Preheating oxygen for injection into blast furnaces |
| CN109735676B (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2020-11-24 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Production method of low-phosphorus chromium-containing molten iron |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE588559C (en) * | 1933-11-27 | Alexius Kwartiroff | Repeating alarm clock | |
| DE428742C (en) * | 1924-01-22 | 1926-05-10 | Gewerkschaft Lutz O | Process for the production of cold-blown pig iron |
| DE930930C (en) * | 1950-06-10 | 1955-07-28 | Heinrich Dr Ing E H Koppenberg | Process for operating a shaft furnace with highly concentrated oxygen |
| US3460934A (en) * | 1966-12-19 | 1969-08-12 | John J Kelmar | Blast furnace method |
| US3661555A (en) * | 1969-06-24 | 1972-05-09 | Showa Denko Kk | Pelletized chromium addition agents for ferro alloys production and method therefor |
| AU443575B2 (en) * | 1971-06-01 | 1973-12-07 | Electroheat (Proprietary) Ltd. | Improvements in blast furnace operations |
| DE2261766C3 (en) * | 1972-12-16 | 1978-06-01 | Ferdinand Dr.Mont. 6374 Steinbach Fink | Process for melting pig iron in blast furnaces |
| US4198228A (en) * | 1975-10-24 | 1980-04-15 | Jordan Robert K | Carbonaceous fines in an oxygen-blown blast furnace |
| JPS5372718A (en) * | 1976-12-10 | 1978-06-28 | Showa Denko Kk | Manufacture of ferrochromium |
| US4381938A (en) * | 1980-06-12 | 1983-05-03 | Claflin H Bruce | Multi-purpose zone controlled blast furnace and method of producing hot metal, gases and slags |
| JPS5816053A (en) * | 1981-07-21 | 1983-01-29 | Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> | Manufacture of ferrochromium |
| JPS6021218A (en) * | 1983-07-18 | 1985-02-02 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Molding method of fiber reinforced plastics |
| JPS6110545A (en) * | 1984-06-22 | 1986-01-18 | Toyo Eng Corp | Urea manufacturing method |
| JPS6237325A (en) * | 1985-06-27 | 1987-02-18 | Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> | Calcined lump ore and its production |
-
1986
- 1986-06-10 JP JP61134622A patent/JPS62290841A/en active Pending
-
1987
- 1987-04-10 AU AU71422/87A patent/AU570873B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1987-04-13 DE DE8787105474T patent/DE3775994D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-04-13 EP EP87105474A patent/EP0249006B1/en not_active Expired
- 1987-04-15 CA CA000534800A patent/CA1308917C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-05-25 CN CN87103786A patent/CN1013279B/en not_active Expired
-
1989
- 1989-01-12 US US07/296,873 patent/US4985075A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU570873B2 (en) | 1988-03-24 |
| EP0249006B1 (en) | 1992-01-15 |
| US4985075A (en) | 1991-01-15 |
| CA1308917C (en) | 1992-10-20 |
| DE3775994D1 (en) | 1992-02-27 |
| JPS62290841A (en) | 1987-12-17 |
| EP0249006A1 (en) | 1987-12-16 |
| AU7142287A (en) | 1987-12-17 |
| CN87103786A (en) | 1987-12-23 |
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