CN101327523B - Fine grained cemented carbide for turning in heat resistant super alloys (HRSA) and stainless steels - Google Patents
Fine grained cemented carbide for turning in heat resistant super alloys (HRSA) and stainless steels Download PDFInfo
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- CN101327523B CN101327523B CN2008101302380A CN200810130238A CN101327523B CN 101327523 B CN101327523 B CN 101327523B CN 2008101302380 A CN2008101302380 A CN 2008101302380A CN 200810130238 A CN200810130238 A CN 200810130238A CN 101327523 B CN101327523 B CN 101327523B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a cutting tool insert for parting, grooving and threading in steel and stainless steels comprising a substrate and a coating. The substrate comprises WC, from about 7.5 to about 10.5 wt-% Co, from about 0.7 to about 1.1 wt-% Cr and from about 100 to about 300 ppm Ti. Ti may partly be replaced by Ta to a weight ratio Ti/Ta of equal to or more than about 0.8. The coating comprises two (Ti,Al)N-layers with different Al/Ti-ratios: an inner AlyTi1-yN-layer with y equals from about 0.4 to about 0.67 with a thickness of from about 0.3 to about 2.5 mum and an outer AlwT1-wN layer with w equals from about 0.15 to about 0.35 with a thickness of from about 0.5 to about 5.0 mum.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cutting tool insert of band coating, be specially adapted under wet condition, superalloy and stainless steel be carried out turning.Adamantine fine grain substrate is with (Ti, A1) combination of the PVD coating of N has greatly increased anti-notch wear, notching, and keeps good back knife face wearability, good plasticity_resistant deformation and the anti-notch wear, notching of auxiliary-blade.
Background technology
Superalloy and stainless steel especially develop into and are used for requirement the remarkable mechanical performance and the application scenario of chemical property are at high temperature arranged.Superalloy is used for aero-engine, and stainless steel is used for application in a big way.Improving almost each metallurgical technology that high-temperature behavior makes changes and makes and more difficult these alloys are processed.For stainless steel, for austenitic stainless steel and so-called two phase stainless steel, this is the most outstanding.
Along with the increase of elevated temperature strength, alloy can become harder under cutting temperature and rigidity more.This causes the cutting force that increases on the cutting edge and the wearing and tearing of increase in process.
Because firmer material production more heat in chip forming procedure, and, therefore produce very high cutting temperature because the thermal conductivity of these alloys is relatively low.This also impels the wearing and tearing of cutting edge to increase.
Turning can be divided into roughing, half roughing, semifinishing and fine finishining usually.In roughing and half roughing, cutting depth is usually all greater than nose radius, and in HRSA and stainless steel, the wear mechanism that the notch wear, notching on major cutting edge and auxiliary-blade is normally main also has plastic deformation wearing and tearing, wear of the tool flank and burner wearing and tearing.In semifinishing and fine finishining, cutting depth is usually less than nose radius, and wear of the tool flank, plastic deformation wearing and tearing and burner wearing and tearing account for leading.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of cutting tool insert, be specially adapted under wet condition, superalloy and stainless steel be carried out turning.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of cutting tool insert, and its major cutting edge has the breach wearability of raising in roughing and half roughing, and has the back knife face wearability of raising in semifinishing and fine finishining application.
Now pleasantly surprised discovery, when turning superalloy and stainless steel, the cutting tool insert that is coated with the very fine grain of PVD coating and high rigidity has greatly improved the breach wearability on master (leading) blade, and maintain plasticity_resistant deformation and wear of the tool flank in roughing and the half roughing operation, and the back knife face wearability that in semifinishing and finishing operations, increases.
Thus, the present invention relates to a kind of cutting tool insert of band coating, it is made up of cemented carbide body and coating.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 illustrate according to carbide alloy of the present invention adopt backscattered electron, by SEM amplify 6000 * sintering structure.
Fig. 2 illustrate according to the carbide alloy of prior art adopt backscattered electron, by SEM amplify 6000 * sintering structure.
The specific embodiment
Cemented carbide body comprises that crystallite dimension is 0.4-1.0 μ m, be preferably the tungsten carbide (WC) of 0.5-0.95 μ m, the Co of 5-8wt-%, be preferably the Co of 5.2-7.8wt-%, most preferably be the Co of 5.5-7.5wt-%, and Cr, make the Cr/Co ratio be 0.05-0.15 by weight, be preferably 0.07-0.14, and the WC of surplus.In addition, also there are element ti, Ta or the Ti of ppm (1,000,000/) level and the mixture of Ta, make ratio Me/Co=(at-%Ti+at-%Ta)/at-%Co be less than or equal to 0.014-(CW_Cr) * 0.008, and be higher than 0.0005, preferably be higher than 0.0007, and CW_Cr is 0.75-0.95, is preferably 0.76-0.90, wherein
CW_Cr＝(magnetic-％Co+1.13＊wt-％Cr)/wt-％Co
Wherein magnetic-%Co is the percentage by weight of magnetic Co, and wt-%Cr is the percentage by weight of Cr in carbide alloy, and wt-%Co is the percentage by weight of Co in carbide alloy.
Have been found that according to the present invention, when cemented carbide body has the CW_Cr of 0.75-0.95, when being preferably 0.76-0.90, then can realize the cutting ability that improves.
In a preferred implementation, Co content is 5.7-6.1wt-%, and in another preferred implementation, Co content is 6.8-7.2wt-%.
Cemented carbide body scribbles PVD Ti
xAl
1-xThe N coating, coating exists with laminated coating, wherein has the average composition of 0.4＜x＜0.9.The gross thickness of coating is＞1 μ m, is preferably＞1.5 μ m, most preferably be＞2.0 μ m, but＜6.0 μ m, be preferably＜5.0 μ m, most preferably be＜4.5 μ m.Component and thickness all are at the back knife face, measure apart from nose radius 1mm and apart from 200 μ m places of cutting edge.
In another preferred implementation, coating comprises that aperiodicity (be made up of binary A/B/A/B/A/B structure for Ti, Al) N multilayer, wherein runs through alternately sublayer A and B that whole coating repeats plurality of thin by this multilayer.The sequence of sublayer A/B is expressed as a thin layer at this.Because the aperiodicity feature of coating, so the thickness of each thin layer all changes, but average thickness of thin layer is preferably 60-120nm in 30-300nm.Sublayer A comprises Al
xTi
1-xN, wherein x=0.40-0.7 is preferably x=0.5-0.67.Layer B comprises Ti
yAl
1-yN, wherein y=0.6-1 is preferably x=0.75-1.With the stoichiometry of the measured whole coating of for example microprobe or EDS at scope Ti
zAl
1-zIn the N, z=0.40-0.7 is preferably z=0.45-0.6.In a preferred embodiment, the outer Ti that has adequate thickness
bAl
1-bN, b=0.8-0.9 is preferably 0.82-0.85, provides visible, uniform bronze outward appearance, and it is thick to be preferably 0.1-1 μ m.
In another preferred embodiment, the coating uniform Ti that serves as reasons
0.5Al
0.5N layer and have TiN and Ti
0.5Al
0.5The multilayer that the sequence layer of the thin layer of the alternating layer of N is formed.This sequence layer repeats 10-15 time.Uniform Ti
0.5Al
0.5The thickness of N layer is 0.1-0.2 μ m, and the thickness of thin layer is 0.1-0.2 μ m.Each independent TiN or Ti in the thin layer
0.5Al
0.5The thickness of N layer is 0.1-20nm.The average composition of this multilayer is preferably Ti
cAl
1-cThe N layer, c=0.7-0.9.
The invention still further relates to a kind of manufacturing and comprise the method for the coated cutting tool insert of cemented carbide body and coating.Cemented carbide body adopts that conventional PM technique is milled, compacting and sintering manufacturing, and it comprises the Co of 5-8wt-%, be preferably the Co of 5.2-7.8wt-%, most preferably be the Co of 5.5-7.5wt-%, and Cr, make the Cr/Co ratio be 0.05-0.15, the WC of 0.07-0.14 more preferably, and surplus by weight.In addition, also there are element ti, Ta or the Ti of ppm level and the mixture of Ta, make ratio Me/Co=(at-%Ti++at-wt%Nb+at-%Ta)/at-%Co be less than or equal to 0.014-(CW_Cr) * 0.008, and be higher than 0.0005, preferably be higher than 0.0007, and CW_Cr is 0.75-0.95, is preferably 0.76-0.90, wherein
CW_Cr＝(magnetic-％Co+1.13＊wt-％Cr)/wt-％Co。
The value of CW_Cr is monitored by an amount of carbon black or tungsten powder are joined in the mixture of powders.
After routine, after the sintering processes, use the PVD method, preferably with the PVD Ti that has the average composition of 0.4＜x＜0.9 on the electric arc vapour deposition method deposition
xAl
1-xThe N laminated coating.Total coating thickness＞1 μ m, more preferably＞1.5 μ m most preferably is＞2.0 μ m, but＜6.0 μ m, be preferably＜5.0 μ m, most preferably be＜4.5 μ m.
The invention still further relates to purposes according to above-mentioned blade, be used for the wet heat-resisting superalloy of turning, Inconel (inconel) 718 for example, Inconel 625, Waspaloy, Udimet720 and stainless steel, as AISI/SAE 304, San-Mac 316L, SAF2205, SAF2057, cutting speed is 30-250m/ minute, and feed velocity is the 0.1-0.4mm/ commentaries on classics.
Embodiment 1
With tungsten carbide powder, the Co powder of the very thin crystal grain of 6wt-%, the Cr of 0.6wt-%, (they are with fine grain TiC, TaC and the Cr of H.C.Starck company for the Ti of 140ppm and the Ta of 100ppm
3C
2Powder and add) grind with conventional depressor.After grinding and the spray-drying, powder is pressed into CNMG120408-QM and CNGP120408 blade, and at 1410 ℃ of following sintering.After the sintering, measure CW_Cr, Hc and HV3.CW_Cr is confirmed as 0.76, and 0.014-(CW_Cr) * 0.008 is confirmed as 0.00791, and Me/Co is confirmed as 0.00296, and Hc is 31kA/m, and Vickers hardness is 1983HV3.The average grain size of sintering WC is confirmed as 0.83 μ m from the coercivity measurement result.Fig. 1 illustrate carbide alloy adopt backscattered electron, by SEM amplify 6000 * sintering structure.
Carbide chip is after routine after the sintering processes, by at N
2The electric arc evaporation that carries out in the atmosphere and be equipped with coating.(this multilayer is by uniform Ti for Ti, Al) N multilayer to have deposited the PVD of 3.9 μ m
0.5Al
0.5N layer and have TiN and Ti
0.5Al
0.5The sequence layer of the thin layer of the alternating layer of N is formed.This sequence layer repeats 12 times.Uniform Ti
0.5Al
0.5The thickness of N layer is 0.1-0.2 μ m, and the thickness of thin layer is 0.1-0.2 μ m.Each independent TiN or Ti in the thin layer
0.5Al
0.5The thickness of N layer is 0.1-20nm.The average composition of measuring multilayer with SEM-EDS is Ti
0.8Al
0.2N.
Embodiment 2
Carbide chip described in the embodiment 1 is after routine after the sintering processes, by at N
2The electric arc evaporation that carries out in the atmosphere and be equipped with coating.(this multilayer is (Al by binary aperiodicity A/B/A/B/ multilayer (thickness of average A+B is 60-120nm) and component for Ti, Al) N multilayer to have deposited the PVD of 3.6 μ m
0.84Ti
0.16) the coloured outermost layer of N forms.Average composition according to microprobe analysis is (T
0.50Al
0.50) N.
Embodiment 3 (prior art)
The component of the carbide alloy turning insert of prior art is the Co of 6wt-%, the Nb of 0.14wt-%, the Ta of 0.22wt-%, the Ti of 0.010wt-%, and the WC of surplus.CW_Cr is confirmed as 0.99, and 0.014-(CW_Cr) * 0.008 is confirmed as 0.0068, and Me/Co is confirmed as 0.00267.Vickers hardness is confirmed as 1793HV3, and Hc is 21kA/m.The crystallite dimension of sintering WC is defined as 1.3 μ m from the coercivity measurement result, and Fig. 3 illustrate according to the carbide alloy of prior art adopt backscattered electron, by SEM amplify 6000 * sintering structure.
After routine, after the sintering processes, adopt by Ti
33Al
67The target material of alloy composition comes deposited coatings.At N
2Carry out the electric arc evaporation in the atmosphere.Final total coating layer thickness is 2.7 μ m, and coating is by uniform Al
0.62Ti
0.38The N layer is formed.
Embodiment 4
Blade from embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 is tested in the turning of Inconel 718 bars.
Operation: turning-half roughing
Workpiece: forged and finished bar
Material: the Inconel 718 under forging and Ageing Treatment condition
Cutting speed: 60m/ minute
Feed velocity: 0.2mm/ changes
Cutting depth: 1.5mm
Blade model: CNMG120408-QM
Attention: cut having under the cooling fluid
Result: cutter life, the number of minutes of cutting
Embodiment 1 (the present invention): 4.0 minutes
Embodiment 2 (the present invention): 5.5 minutes
Embodiment 3 (prior art): 3.0 minutes
The cutter life standard is that the notch wear, notching on main cutting edge is 0.3mm.
Claims (24)
1. be used for cutting tool insert that superalloy and stainless steel are carried out turning, comprise carbide alloy substrate and coating, it is characterized in that:
Described carbide alloy substrate comprises WC, the Co of 5-8wt%, Cr makes that the Cr/Co ratio is 0.05-0.15 on weight, and with respect to Ti, the Ta of carbide alloy substrate ppm by weight level or the mixture of Ti and Ta, the mixture of Ti, Ta or Ti and Ta exists with such amount, promptly make ratio Me/Co=(at%Ti+at%Ta)/at%Co be less than or equal to 0.014-(CW_Cr) * 0.008, and be higher than 0.0005, and CW_Cr is 0.75-0.95, wherein
CW_Cr＝(magnetic％Co+1.13×wt％Cr)/wt％Co
Wherein magnetic%Co is the percentage by weight of magnetic Co in the carbide alloy substrate, wt%Cr is the percentage by weight of Cr in the carbide alloy substrate, and wt%Co is the percentage by weight of Co in the carbide alloy substrate, at%Ti, at%Ta and at%Co are respectively Ti, Ta and the atomic percent of Co in the carbide alloy substrate, and
Described coating is PVD Ti
wA1
1-wThe N coating exists with laminated coating, and it has the average composition of 0.4＜w＜0.9, and the gross thickness of coating is＞1 μ m, but＜6.0 μ m.
2. cutting tool insert according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described ratio Me/Co=(at%Ti+at%Ta)/at%Co is higher than 0.0007.
3. according to each described cutting tool insert among the claim 1-2, it is characterized in that: described CW_Cr is 0.76-0.90.
4. according to each described cutting tool insert among the claim 1-2, it is characterized in that: the gross thickness of described laminated coating is＞2 μ m, but＜4.5 μ m.
5. cutting tool insert according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described coating comprises aperiodicity (Ti, Al) N multilayer, this multilayer is made of binary A/B/A/B/A/B structure, wherein run through alternately sublayer A and B that whole coating repeats to approach, and the thickness of thin layer A/B is 30-300nm, and wherein sublayer A comprises Al
xTi
1-xN, x=0.40-0.7 wherein, and sublayer B comprises Ti
yAl
1-yN, y=0.6-1 wherein, and total component is at scope Ti
zAl
1-zIn the N, z=0.40-0.7.
6. cutting tool insert according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the thickness of described thin layer A/B is 60-120nm.
7. according to each described cutting tool insert among the claim 5-6, it is characterized in that: x=0.5-0.67.
8. according to each described cutting tool insert among the claim 5-6, it is characterized in that: y=0.75-1.
9. according to each described cutting tool insert among the claim 5-6, it is characterized in that: z=0.45-0.6.
10. according to each described cutting tool insert among the claim 5-6, it is characterized in that: outer Ti with adequate thickness
bAl
1-bN, b=0.8-0.9 provides visible, uniform bronze outward appearance.
11. cutting tool insert according to claim 10 is characterized in that: b=0.82-0.85.
12. cutting tool insert according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described coating is the multilayer that sequence layer is formed, and this sequence layer is by uniform Ti
0.5Al
0.5N layer and have TiN and Ti
0.5Al
0.5The thin layer of the alternating layer of N constitutes, and this sequence layer repeats described uniform Ti 10-15 time
0.5Al
0.5The thickness of N layer is 0.1-0.2 μ m, and the thickness of described thin layer is 0.1-0.2 μ m, and described thin layer interior each independent TiN or Ti
0.5Al
0.5The thickness of N layer is 0.1-20nm.
13. cutting tool insert according to claim 12 is characterized in that: the average composition of described multilayer is Ti
cAl
1-cN, and c=0.7-0.9.
14. according to each described cutting tool insert among claim 1-2 and the 5-6, it is characterized in that: described substrate comprises the Co of 5.5-7.5wt%.
15. according to each described cutting tool insert among claim 1-2 and the 5-6, it is characterized in that: described substrate comprises the Co of 5.7-6.1wt%.
16. according to each described cutting tool insert among claim 1-2 and the 5-6, it is characterized in that: described substrate comprises the Co of 6.8-7.2wt%.
17. make the method for the cutting tool insert of coating, described blade is made up of carbide alloy substrate and coating, it is characterized in that following steps:
Substrate is provided, substrate adopts that conventional PM technique is milled, compacting and sintering form, described substrate comprises WC, the Co of 5-8wt%, Cr, make that Cr/Co is than being 0.05-0.15 on weight, and with respect to Ti, the Ta of carbide alloy substrate ppm by weight level or the mixture of Ti and Ta, the mixture of Ti, Ta or Ti and Ta exists with such amount, promptly make ratio Me/Co=(at%Ti+at%Ta)/at%Co be less than or equal to 0.014-(CW_Cr) * 0.008, and be higher than 0.0005, and CW_Cr is 0.75-0.95, wherein
CW_Cr＝(magnetic％Co+1.13×wt％Cr)/wt％Co
Wherein magnetic%Co is the percentage by weight of magnetic Co in the carbide alloy substrate, wt%Cr is the percentage by weight of Cr in the carbide alloy substrate, and wt%Co is the percentage by weight of Co in the carbide alloy substrate, at%Ti, at%Ta and at%Co are respectively Ti, Ta and the atomic percent of Co in the carbide alloy substrate, and
Adopt the PVD method, depositing Ti
xAl
1-xThe N coating, described coating has the average composition of 0.4＜x＜0.9, and it exists with laminated coating, and the gross thickness of coating is＞1 μ m, but＜6.0 μ m.
18. method according to claim 17 is characterized in that: described substrate comprises the Co of 5.5-7.5wt%.
19. according to each described method among the claim 17-18, it is characterized in that: described ratio Me/Co=(at%Ti+at%Ta)/at%Co is higher than 0.0007.
20. according to each described method among the claim 17-18, it is characterized in that: described CW_Cr is 0.76-0.90.
21. according to each described method among the claim 17-18, it is characterized in that: the gross thickness of described laminated coating is＞2 μ m, but＜4.5 μ m.
22. according to each described method among the claim 17-18, it is characterized in that: described PVD method is the electric arc vapour deposition method.
23. according to the purposes of each described blade among the claim 1-16, be used for superalloy and stainless steel are carried out turning, cutting speed is 30-250m/ minute, and feed velocity is the 0.1-0.4mm/ commentaries on classics.
24. purposes according to claim 23, wherein said superalloy is selected from Inconel718, Inconel 625, Waspaloy and Udimet 720, and described stainless steel is selected from AISI/SAE 304, San-Mac 316L, SAF2205 and SAF2057.
Applications Claiming Priority (9)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE07014491 | 2007-06-15 | ||
| SE0701449A SE0701449L (en) | 2007-06-01 | 2007-06-15 | Fine-grained cemented carbide with refined structure |
| SE0701449-1 | 2007-06-15 | ||
| SE0701548 | 2007-06-27 | ||
| SE0701548-0 | 2007-06-27 | ||
| SE07015480 | 2007-06-27 | ||
| SE07017619 | 2007-07-23 | ||
| SE0701761-9 | 2007-07-23 | ||
| SE0701761A SE0701761L (en) | 2007-06-01 | 2007-07-23 | Fine-grained cemented carbide for turning in high-strength superalloys (HRSA) and stainless steels |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101327523A CN101327523A (en) | 2008-12-24 |
| CN101327523B true CN101327523B (en) | 2010-11-03 |
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ID=40203659
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008101302380A Active CN101327523B (en) | 2007-06-15 | 2008-06-16 | Fine grained cemented carbide for turning in heat resistant super alloys (HRSA) and stainless steels |
| CNA2008101302395A Pending CN101327524A (en) | 2007-06-15 | 2008-06-16 | Carbide blade for parting, grooving and threading |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008101302395A Pending CN101327524A (en) | 2007-06-15 | 2008-06-16 | Carbide blade for parting, grooving and threading |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2694857C1 (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2019-07-18 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Уфимский государственный авиационный технический университет" | Method of applying wear-resistant coating by ion-plasma method |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2634285A1 (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2013-09-04 | Sandvik Intellectual Property AB | Coated cutting tool |
| CN111893338B (en) * | 2020-07-11 | 2021-08-31 | 赣州海创钨业有限公司 | Gradient hard alloy and preparation method thereof |
-
2008
- 2008-06-16 CN CN2008101302380A patent/CN101327523B/en active Active
- 2008-06-16 CN CNA2008101302395A patent/CN101327524A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2694857C1 (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2019-07-18 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Уфимский государственный авиационный технический университет" | Method of applying wear-resistant coating by ion-plasma method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101327524A (en) | 2008-12-24 |
| CN101327523A (en) | 2008-12-24 |
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