A kind of non-colinear serial beam combination apparatus based on stimulated Brillouin scattering
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of serial group bundle device of laser, belong to optical field.
Background technology
Laser beam combination is a kind of by the little energy of multi beam, low power laser being synthesized the technological means of obtaining macro-energy, high power laser light output.At the solid pulse laser of using aspect macro-energy, the superpower laser that mostly is, in the existing beam combination method, be mostly to utilize nonlinear optics phase conjugation principle to realize aspect the solid pulse laser at present.In the parallel beam combination of nonlinear optics phase conjugation principle main a kind of be exactly the parallel beam combination of stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS is the nonlinear effect that a kind of luminous power with the fl transmission light signal is transferred to rear orientation light and phonon fields) phase conjugation.In the solid pulse laser application facet, the parallel beam combination of SBS phase conjugation mainly is divided into the parallel beam combination of overlapping coupling, (draw from document " present Research of stimulated Brillouin scattering phase conjugate beam combination and development prospect " to injecting the parallel beam combination of seed light the back, the fourth winter jasmine, Lv Zhiwei, work such as Zhao Xiaoyan. laser and optoelectronics progress, 2000,37 (5): 7-12) with the parallel beam combination in standalone media pond.
Parallel beam combination of overlapping coupling and back are to injecting the parallel beam combination of seed light owing to be that multiple laser is focused on same medium pond all, the load centralization of system, more for a long time, the laser energy in the medium pond is too high at the light beam number, other nonlinear effect can be brought, and medium can be broken.Therefore the load that has system is not high, the shortcoming that the SBS retroreflectance is lower.
Fig. 3 has provided the schematic diagram of the parallel beam combination of the overlapping coupled structure of SBS (100).Be polarized beam-splitting board (PBS) (102) from the laser of laser instrument (101) output and be divided into two bundles, wherein a branch of s ripple amplifies by gain media (108) by 45 ° of total reflective mirrors (103) back, enters medium pond (107) by condenser lens (106) then behind quarter-wave plate (being called for short QW) (104).Another bundle p ripple amplifies through gain media (109), enters medium pond (107) by condenser lens (106) then behind QW (105).Two-beam in medium pond (107) thus in owing to have the phase locking that identical acoustic wavefield realizes two-beam.After the back scattering of SBS principle, the s ripple becomes the p ripple behind QW (104), exports by PBS (102) transmission after total reflective mirror (103) reflection by gain media (108) then; The p ripple becomes the s ripple behind QW (105), pass through gain media (109) then after PBS (102) r reflects output.Because the overlapping coupling phase locking of twin-beam in medium, the laser of output is relevant synthetic output.As can be seen from Figure 3, because multiple laser focuses in the same medium pond in the overlapping coupled structure (100), can make the load centralization of system, at the light beam number more for a long time, laser energy in the medium pond is too high, can bring other nonlinear effect, even can break medium.
The parallel beam combination of the overlapping coupling of SBS is to intercouple in the medium pond by two-beam to realize the locking of light beam phase place, is subjected to the lap position of two light beams in the medium pond, and influence such as beam separation is bigger, and reflectivity is not high.On this basis, people have proposed back to injecting the parallel beam combination model of seed light.Fig. 4 has provided behind the SBS to the ultimate principle of injecting the parallel beam combination of seed light structure (200).The other a branch of light of from laser instrument, telling produce by with medium pond (208) in same medium produce a branch of seed light (209), be focused at the locking that seed light 209 that the two-beam in the medium pond (208) draws by the outside realizes phase place.The transmission course of two-beam that is used for beam combination is consistent with Fig. 3.201 is PBS among Fig. 4, and 202 is 45 ° of total reflective mirrors, and 203,204 is gain media, and 205,206 is QW, and 207 is condenser lens..Utilize the back to carry out the method for beam combination to injecting seed light structure (200), the phase locking of two-beam comes down to the reproduction to the seed light phase information, is the amplification process of seed light, is not the phase conjugation process.The problem that same this method also exists system load to concentrate.
At preceding two kinds of characteristics that the method load is not high, the Hong Jin Kong of Korea S KAIST university has proposed parallel beam combination (the Hong Jin Kong of standalone media pond SBS, Seong Ku Lee, Dong Won Lee.Beam combined laser fusion driver with high power and high repetition rate usingstimulated Brillouin scattering phase conjugation mirrors and self-phase-locking.Laser and Particle Beams, 2005,23:55-59), be characterized in, each beamlet adopt one independently the medium pond realize phase conjugation, the load of system is disperseed, but because therefore haveing nothing to do between each standalone media pond need advance accurate control to the energy of each beamlet.But because this kind method is to come the generation time of guide sound wave field by the energy level of control laser beam, therefore the energy stability to light beam requires very high.
Fig. 5 has provided the parallel beam combination schematic diagram of SBS standalone media pool structure (300).In standalone media pool structure (300), the laser beam that participates in beam combination realizes phase locking by medium pond (308,309) and concave mirror (310,311).Detailed process is: the laser beam of fl transmission can with by concave mirror (310,311) the relevant standing wave that forms of the light beam that returns, the generation position of the formation meeting fixed sound wave field of standing wave, and the energy by control bundle can the guide sound wave field generation time, under the situation about all determining in the generation position of acoustic wavefield and time, behind the SBS that has also just determined to produce in the medium pond (308,309) to the phase place of conjugate beam, thereby realized the locking of two light beam phase places.Part outside standalone media pool structure (300), the transmission of light beam is consistent with Fig. 3.Among Fig. 5,301 is laser instrument, and 302 is PBS, and 303 is 45 ° of total reflective mirrors, and 304,305 is gain media, and 306,307 is QW.The problem that exists in this scheme is: owing to be the generation time that comes the guide sound wave field by the energy level of control laser beam, therefore the energy stability to light beam requires very high.
The common problem that the above several structure exists is that optical element quantity is many, and light loss in the process of transmitting is big like this, requires high to seed light and pumping polarization state of light.
Summary of the invention
It is not high to the system load of injecting the parallel beam combination structure of seed light to the objective of the invention is to overcome parallel beam combination of overlapping coupling and back, the shortcoming that the SBS retroreflectance is lower, overcome the parallel beam combination of standalone media pond SBS the energy stability of light beam is required height, overcome the many problems of optical element quantity simultaneously, proposed a kind of non-colinear serial beam combination apparatus based on stimulated Brillouin scattering.
N of the present invention non-colinear Brillouin structure for amplifying unit and m total reflective mirror are formed, n non-colinear Brillouin structure for amplifying unit is connected in series, n non-colinear Brillouin structure for amplifying unit is divided into k group non-colinear Brillouin structure for amplifying unit group, k group non-colinear Brillouin structure for amplifying unit group is connected in series by m total reflective mirror, each non-colinear Brillouin structure for amplifying unit is made up of medium pond and optical trap, seed light is along being incident in the medium pond with medium pond parallel direction, pumping light is incident to the medium pond from the opposite side in medium pond, angle between pumping light and the seed light is α, the pumping light of remnants in the medium pond after the amplification seed light is incident in the optical trap, entered next stage non-colinear Brillouin structure for amplifying unit by the seed light output after the pumping light amplification in the medium pond, the seed light of the afterbody non-colinear Brillouin structure for amplifying unit output of every group of non-colinear Brillouin structure for amplifying unit group is after two orthogonal total reflective mirrors change light path, enter next group non-colinear Brillouin structure for amplifying unit group, m, k is a natural number, and m 〉=2, k 〉=2, n is a natural number, and n>1.
Advantage of the present invention is: 1, the load dispersion that a branch of pumping light makes system is injected in a medium pond, can promote the load capacity of beam combination system; 2, can expand bundle on year-on-year basis,, can restraint the adaptive faculty that improve the beam combination system by expanding along with inferior the increasing of beam combination level; 3, less demanding to the energy stability of each light beam of participating in beam combination; 4, reduce the use of a large amount of optical elements, reduced the complicacy of system, reduced system loss; 5, the extraction of the seed light after the injection of pumping light and the amplification all can reach 100%.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention, Fig. 2 is the structural representation of embodiment four, Fig. 3 is the principle schematic of the parallel beam combination of the overlapping coupled structure of SBS in the background technology, Fig. 4 be in the background technology behind the SBS to the principle schematic of injecting the parallel beam combination of seed light structure, Fig. 5 is the principle schematic of the parallel beam combination of SBS standalone media pool structure in the background technology.
Embodiment
The specific embodiment one: present embodiment is described below in conjunction with Fig. 1; Present embodiment is made up of n non-colinear Brillouin amplification construction unit 1; N non-colinear Brillouin amplification construction unit 1 is connected in series; Each non-colinear Brillouin amplification construction unit 1 is made up of medium pool 1-1 and optical trap 1-2; Seed light 3 is along being incident among the medium pool 1-1 with medium pool 1-1 parallel direction; Pumping light 4 is incident to the medium pool 1-1 from the opposite side of medium pool 1-1; Angle between pumping light 4 and the seed light 3 is α
The pumping light 4 of remnants among the 1-1 of medium pond after the amplification seed light 3 is incident among the optical trap 1-2, is entered next stage non-colinear Brillouin structure for amplifying unit 1 by seed light 3 outputs after pumping light 4 amplifications among the 1-1 of medium pond, and n is a natural number, and n>1.
Pumping light 4 is all linearly polarized light, circularly polarized light or natural light with seed light 3, has reduced the polarization requirement that participates in the laser beam of beam combination, has improved the adaptability of system;
Principle of work: a branch of seed light 3 successively interacts with pumping light 4 by n non-colinear Brillouin structure for amplifying unit 1.In non-colinear Brillouin structure for amplifying unit 1, seed light 3 interacts in the 1-1 of medium pond with a fixing angle [alpha] with pumping light 4, finishes the amplification of 4 pairs of seed light 3 of pumping light.
Brillouin in the 1-1 of medium pond amplifies, its principle of work is as follows: satisfy the frequency matching condition that Brillouin amplifies between pumping light 4 and the seed light 3, if the frequency of sound wave of the medium in the 1-1 of medium pond is ω 0, pumping light 4 frequencies are ω 1, seed light 3 frequencies are ω 2, then should satisfy relational expression ω 1=ω 2+ ω 0, so when meeting, pumping light 4 and seed light 3 can produce Brillouin's enlarge-effect in the 1-1 of medium pond, finish the amplification of 4 pairs of seed light 3 of pumping light, the energy in the pumping light 4 is shifted to seed light 3.Brillouin amplifies not only can take place under two-beam conllinear situation, and when two-beam has an angle α, and these angle number of degrees α still can take place when not too big.
Seed light 3 after the amplification is by 1 output of non-colinear Brillouin structure for amplifying unit, the surplus of remaining pumping light 4 enters optical trap 1-2, common device of the present invention is applicable to that beam energy is bigger, bore is bigger, medium pond 1-1 length situation more in short-term, can make angle α bigger like this, be convenient to the simplification of light path.If beam energy is less, the length of medium pond 1-1 is long then should to adopt collinear structure, if adopt the non-colinear structure this moment, because angle is too little, can make light path long, is not easy to realize.By non-colinear Brillouin structure for amplifying unit 1, when the extraction of the injection of finishing pumping light 4 and amplification back seed light 3, no longer need the coupling of polaroid and quarter wave plate, reduced the use of a large amount of optical elements.And the polarization state of pumping light 4 and seed light 3 can be all line polarisation, rotatory polarization and natural light, reduced the requirement to polarization state.The seed light 3 of amplifying by back, non-colinear Brillouin structure for amplifying unit 1 enters that next non-colinear Brillouin structure for amplifying unit 1 is finished and the effect of the 2nd bundle pumping light 4.And the like, finish the effect with n bundle pumping light 4 in n the non-colinear Brillouin structure for amplifying unit after, output laser is the synthetic output of n+1 bundle laser.
Embodiment two: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment one also comprises m total reflective mirror 2 at it, n non-colinear Brillouin structure for amplifying unit 1 is divided into k group non-colinear Brillouin structure for amplifying unit group 5, k group non-colinear Brillouin structure for amplifying unit group 5 is connected in series by m total reflective mirror 2
Each non-colinear Brillouin structure for amplifying unit 1 is made up of medium pond 1-1 and optical trap 1-2, seed light 3 is along being incident among the 1-1 of medium pond with medium pond 1-1 parallel direction, pumping light 4 is incident to the 1-1 of medium pond from the opposite side of medium pond 1-1, and the angle between pumping light 4 and the seed light 3 is α
The pumping light 4 of remnants among the 1-1 of medium pond after the amplification seed light 3 is incident among the optical trap 1-2, is entered next stage non-colinear Brillouin structure for amplifying unit 1 by seed light 3 outputs after pumping light 4 amplifications among the 1-1 of medium pond,
The seed light 3 of afterbody non-colinear Brillouin structure for amplifying unit 1 output of every group of non-colinear Brillouin structure for amplifying unit group 5 is after two orthogonal total reflective mirrors 2 change light path, along entering next group non-colinear Brillouin structure for amplifying unit group 5 with medium pond 1-1 parallel direction, m, k is a natural number, and m 〉=2, k 〉=2.
The total reflective mirror 2 of present embodiment is 45 ° with the angle of horizontal direction.
In actual applications, the non-colinear Brillouin structure for amplifying unit 1 that often can not arrange too many on the straight line, actual needs for spatial arrangement, change the optical path direction of non-colinear Brillouin structure for amplifying unit 1 output seed light 3 with total reflective mirror 2, make non-colinear Brillouin structure for amplifying unit 1 laterally, vertically all arrange to some extent, specific practice is that n non-colinear Brillouin structure for amplifying unit 1 is divided into k group non-colinear Brillouin structure for amplifying unit group 5, k group non-colinear Brillouin structure for amplifying unit group 5 is connected in series by m total reflective mirror 2, the seed light 3 of every group of non-colinear Brillouin structure for amplifying unit group 5 outputs reverses 180 ° the seed light 3 of non-colinear Brillouin structure for amplifying unit group 5 outputs through two total reflective mirrors 2, these two total reflective mirrors 2 are orthogonal, and with the angle of surface level be 45 °, seed light 3 edges and the 1-1 parallel direction incident of medium pond of described output, continue to organize with next respectively pumping light 4 effects of each non-colinear Brillouin structure for amplifying unit 1 incident in non-colinear Brillouin structure for amplifying unit group 5, seed light 3 is further amplified, finished the beam combination of n+1 bundle laser at last, the power of seed light 3 is greatly improved.
Embodiment three: present embodiment and the difference of embodiment two are that the quantity of the non-colinear Brillouin structure for amplifying unit 1 of every group of non-colinear Brillouin structure for amplifying unit group 5 equates or are unequal.Other composition is identical with embodiment two with syndeton.
Embodiment four: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment one or embodiment two is that the angle α between pumping light 4 and the seed light 3 is calculated by formula α=arctan (2d/L), the d beam size identical that be seed light 3 wherein with pumping light 4, L is the length of medium pond 1-1; The length L of medium pond 1-1 is calculated by formula L ≈ 25/gI, wherein I be seed light 3 in the 1-1 of medium pond and pumping light 4 the light beam peak power density and, g is the gain coefficient of medium in the 1-1 of medium pond, and other composition and syndeton and embodiment one or embodiment two are identical.